Academic literature on the topic 'Range of ZigBee'

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Journal articles on the topic "Range of ZigBee"

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Kacz, Peter, Ondrej Hyneica, Petr Fiedler, Zdenek Bradaeora, and Pavel Kucera. "Range test with ZigBee in indoor environments." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 21 (2006): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)30228-8.

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Yan, Shi Yang. "Design and Implementation of ZigBee Gateway for Ethernet." Applied Mechanics and Materials 571-572 (June 2014): 438–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.571-572.438.

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WSN (Wireless sensor network) using ZigBee has aroused people’s high interest, ZigBee is considered to be a general solution in many fields such as intelligent household, industrial application, security monitoring and medical application. But wireless sensor network can only provide service within a certain range, in order to overcome this limitation and provide remote application capacity, this paper proposes a technological solutions for the interconnection of ZigBee network and the Ethernet, develops a ZigBee gateway based on ARM platform. Based on the analysis of the ZigBee protocol stack and TCP/IP protocol stack, the protocol conversion mechanism of ZigBee and TCP/IP is presented. Through transplantation LwIP protocol stack, this paper achieves the goal of connecting gateway to Internet, and finally realizes the conversion from ZigBee network to TCP/IP network.
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Qi, Xiao Wen, and Zhi Ping Hao. "Design of Smart Wireless Campus Network Based on Zigbee." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 1864–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.1864.

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As a new short-range, low-speed and low-power wireless network technology, ZigBee smart design is ideal for campus wireless sensor networks. Therefore, in order to study how to use zigBee achieve smart campus applications has a very important practical value, on the basis of technology and research Zigbee wireless smart construction on campus and abroad, combined with our practical needs of wireless smart campus, put forward a set of Zigbee-based wireless smart campus solution.
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Ahmed, Aftab, Khalid Hasnan, Badrul Aisham, and Qadir Bakhsh. "Integration of Value Stream Mapping with RFID, WSN and ZigBee Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 465-466 (December 2013): 769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.769.

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Value stream mapping (VSM) significantly monitored by integrating radio frequency identification (RFID), wireless sensor network (WSN), ZigBee wireless technologies and Labview Graphical user interface (GUI). These technologies are used for identifying, sensing, positioning, multi-hop communication and real time locating system (RTLS). Combined effect of above technologies will optimize labor and operations cost, minimize human error; improve environmental performance and information accuracy. ZigBee protocol IEEE 802.15.4 standard has been used as wireless network in variety of commercial and industrial applications. The range of tracking of RFID reader enhanced with ZigBee coordinator through ZigBee router, which overcomes the range of radio areas that do not reach signals from the RFID reader. The proposed system provides richer information of objects location, identification and their environmental status like temperature and moisture.
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Zhang, Lei, Shen Zhang, and Chun Tao Leng. "A Study on the Location System Based on Zigbee for Mobile Robot." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.612.

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As a wireless communication technology, Zigbee has been used in the mobile robot’s location in recent years. An experimental system composed by a Zigbee network, a PC and a robot is designed to study the location accuracy of Zigbee location technology. The hardware and software platform are constructed. The influence of the layout and the number of reference nodes on the location accuracy is discussed. The results show that ZigBee-based robot position method can meet the requirements of mobile robot applications. The location accuracy in the layout of triangle is up to 0.636m (in the range of 4m4m) and is better than those in the layouts of rectangle and cycle .
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Malek, Al Gabri, Chun Lin Li, Yun Chang Liu, Yan Pei Liu, and Al Museelem Wleed. "Performance Analysis of Improving ZigBee Wireless Network Using AODV Mesh Routing Model." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 828–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.828.

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ZigBee is an emerging standard for the low cost, low power and low rate wireless networks and the ZigBee technology is well suited to a wide range of energy management and efficiency applications in areas such as building automation, industrial, medical and home automation. ZigBee is a version of AODV routing protocol, where the routes are discovered RREQ through the network by the source broadcasting and sending RREP back the destination, so make ZigBee routing efficient, we used AODV mesh topology methods to send and receive data from source to destination and vice versa. In this paper we present an improved version of ZigBee-AODV mesh network, which utilizes and divide the topology of network into one or more logical clusters and restricts the flooding of route request outside the cluster. ZigBee-AODV mesh network uses nodes of the same cluster to share routing information, which significantly reduces the route path discovery and created cluster formation to decrease the routing path. The proposed protocol has higher reliability and lower overhead than AODV.
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Woo, Sung-Je, and Bok-Deok Shin. "Grouping Algorithms of Zigbee Nodes for Efficient Data Transmission to Long Range." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 61, no. 4 (2012): 632–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2012.61.4.632.

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Tian, Peizhe, Chunwang Li, and Yimin Wu. "Wired/Wireless Hybrid Transmission of BACnet Messages." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (2016): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001610010189.

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This paper presents a kind of message conversion method between wired/wireless hybrid network, aiming at meeting the encapsulation and transmission application requirements of Building Automation and Control network (BACnet) protocol messages in ZigBee network. It also proposes a kind of compatible frame structure and addressing method which is specific to wired/wireless network hybrid transmission. It discusses a design of BACnet/ZigBee wireless temperature sensor node from the point of software and hardware, and completes node software and hardware design of BACnet/ZigBee wireless temperature sensor by the embedded system Lm3s6911+, and bidirectional parsing, encapsulating, addressing, sending and receiving process between ZigBee messages and BACnet Ethernet messages are realized. This solution also can extend the current transmission and application range of BACnet messages, and provide an effective way to wired/wireless network hybrid transmission of building automation data.
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Gong, Wen Chao, Zhi Yong Zhou, and Meng Meng Wu. "The Design of Wireless Monitoring System Based on Zigbee." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 959–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.959.

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In recent years, the secret place’s frequency occurrence of leaks has brought huge economic losses on the national security、 social stability and economic life, which not only seriously harmed the national interest, but also raised a range of negative social impacts. Therefore, implementing effective monitoring strategies to protect the secret place is of great significance. In the paper, the wireless short-range communication technology ZigBee was adapted to design a wireless monitoring system, the short-range communication technology ZigBee can network quickly and has many monitoring terminals, so it can monitor the equipments and materials, persons and the environment in the building and protect the security of buildings from the source.
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Meliones, A., E. Touloupis, and J. Perello. "Embedded Parallelism Enabling Ultralow-Power Zigbee Voice Communications." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2019 (February 5, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6595282.

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Short-range wireless technologies are known to transmit voice, audio, image, and video messages in real time. Energy consumption and transmission reach are critical in such networks, especially for portable and power autonomous devices. The purpose of the Voice over Zigbee technology is to provide a competitive offering that excels in these performance aspects. Due to the CSMA-CA mechanism implemented in the 802.15.4 layer, a well-designed strategy must be considered in Zigbee to create a robust, reliable, and full-duplex conversation. In past efforts, we proved that the radio channel of Zigbee has enough bandwidth to support a full-duplex conversation with narrow-band voice codecs. Our embedded implementation of the Speex voice codec targeted the development of a low-cost, ultralow-power, long-range wireless headset using Zigbee technology to transmit voice in full-duplex mode for use with leading PC VoIP programs. Furthermore, we presented the real environment performance evaluation and power consumption tests involving the developed headset prototype. Talk time is comparable to Bluetooth including at the power budget, the codec processing, and analogue audio interface, but its deep-sleep lifetime more than doubles the Bluetooth performance. This was one of the very few successful efforts to port a voice codec on an ultralow-power DSP for use with power sensitive Zigbee applications, which is highly cited in the literature, proving additionally that using an open-source codec can deliver similar voice quality, reducing the total system cost. The current paper elaborates on the embedded parallelism of the Speex implementation and the exploitation of the DSP architectural parallelism which critically enabled the Voice over Zigbee application on the ultralow-power DSP platform. Another significant contribution of this work is towards understanding and resolving the challenges faced when trying to achieve good quality transmission of media over constrained devices and networks. The way to new ultralow-power voice-related Zigbee and constrained network applications is open.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Range of ZigBee"

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Fuchs, Michal. "Řízení bezdrátové komunikace pomocí ZigBee." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217534.

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The Master’s Thesis deals with a ZigBee technology and its devices working each other in wireless personal area network. The ZigBee and its advantages are compared with other wireless protocols working in ISM bands. A first part deals with a topology of IEEE 802.4.15 WPAN and the ZigBee features. Types and format of the ZigBee data-frame are mentioned. A Second part of this thesis describes a design and testing of the ZigBee devices. Results of this thesis are demonstrated on ZMU (ZigBee Modules Utility) program that has been developed for the testing of this technology.
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Clemmensen, John Scott Jr. "Design of a Control System for Multiple Autonomous Ground Vehicles to Achieve a Self Deployable Security Perimeter." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34165.

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Due to the limitations of GPS in areas where line of sight to the sky is obstructed the development of a GPS-free algorithm for relative formation control is an asset to collaborative vehicles. This paper presents a novel approach based on the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) measurement between broadcast and receive nodes to calculate distance and using the data transfer capability to allow each vehicle to develop a table of relative positions. These relative positions are used to create a potential field that results in an absolute minimum at the vehicles desired position. All vehicles are numbered sequentially. The numbering defines the order in which they will broadcast their data, as well as their position along the perimeter. This thesis looks at two control methods for achieving a formation. The first is the circular motion method that puts perimeter nodes in an orbit around around the perimeter center. The second is a gradient descent method that calculates the gradient of the potential field. Both methods achieve a formation when all perimeter nodes are at their absolute minimums in the potential field. Tests were conducted to analyze RSSI measurements using the 802.15.4 protocol, and a mathematical simulation was conducted for each control algorithm.<br>Master of Science
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Nilsson, Mikael, and Hadi Deknache. "Investigation of Bluetooth Mesh and Long Range for IoT wearables." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20252.

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Dagens smarta enheter bygger nuförtiden allt mer på att ständigt hålla sig uppkopplade till allt inom dess omgivning. Industrier och hem innehåller alltmer små batteridrivna sensorer samt enheter som kommunicerar med varandra, dock är detta en begränsning när det gäller räckvidden av en enhet. Målet med denna uppsatsen är att undersöka användarbarhet av nya funktioner inom Bluetooth, samt belysa fördelar och nackdelar vilket kan uppstå med respektive teknologi när det gäller förlängd räckvidd. Vidare utfördes en jämförelsestudie, med målet att framföra skillnader för hur Bluetooth Mesh skiljer sig gentemot de andra Mesh teknologierna.Resultatet av denna uppsatsen visar att Bluetooth Mesh och Long-range har diverse svagheter och styrkor när det gäller olika användningsområden. Överföring av data med en högre hastighet och ett måttligt avstånd skulle vara tillräckligt för Long-range, medan Bluetooth Mesh anpassar sig mer för en större täckning och lättare dataöverföringar.<br>The smart devices of today are more and more dependent on being constantly connected to everything in its surrounding. Industries and homes contain more and more small battery powered sensors and devices, communicating with each other. However, there is a limitation when it comes to the range coverage of a device. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the usefulness of the new features mesh networking and extended range for Bluetooth, as well as highlight the pros and cons that may exist with respective extended range technologies. Furthermore, a theoretical comparative study was conducted, with the aim of presenting some of the differences between Bluetooth Mesh and other common Mesh technologies. The results show that both Bluetooth Mesh and Long-range have strengths and weaknesses when it comes to different use cases. Transferring data with a bit higher throughput and a moderate distance would be suitable for a Long-range purpose, while Bluetooth Mesh is more suitable for a larger coverage and lighter data transfer.
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Oujezdský, Tomáš. "Bezdrátově ovladatelné střelecké stanoviště." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-235905.

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The main purpose of this project is to design and implement a system for controlling targets on a shooting range. This consists of the main control unit and some motor-turning targets. Both control unit and targets are battery powered and use wireless data transfer. This work describes the selection of the proper platform for wireless communication and design of the hardware and software part of the system in relation to low price and high reliability of the equipment. The conclusion of this work should be the system for practical use.
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Wang, Wei-Yu, and 王偉宇. "Patent Analysis of The Short Range Wireless Technology Zigbee Application Field." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ywv3f3.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>電資碩士班<br>97<br>Short distance wireless communication technology comes from a simple concept: 「get rid of the constraint of the cable wire」. From the traditional wire-communication gradually transfers to the wireless framework, it already lets lots of people’s hopes and dreams become reality in practice. Passing through the Bluetooth, RFID, Zigbee, etc., the technology of the communication is getting more advances. More the inventions of the wireless newest technologies have been implemented from the lab, more convenient life we enjoy. This research combines the technnology road map and patent map together to analyze and to discuss the "short range wireless technology of zigbee application field." In technnology road map; it will analyze its functional items, the ingredient attributes, the key technologies and the technical change course. In patent map; it can separate to three aspects to discuss --- First, the management map aspect: it can evaluate the patent tech''s status, also according to the patent history of the development situation to distinguish and to find the trend of, and the direction of the research form the lead of the countries, enterprises or research institutes wihin specific field. Second, Technical map: it grasps development and the tendency in this domain and finds the major technique designation and the technology assessment, also provides the following patented claim and the layout reference. Third, claim map: it grasps technology of scope the patent protection and provides the evasion design reference.
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Book chapters on the topic "Range of ZigBee"

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Kleinschmidt, João Henrique, and Walter Cunha Borelli. "Enabling Technologies for Pervasive Computing." In Human Computer Interaction. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-87828-991-9.ch064.

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Bluetooth (Bluetooth SIG, 2004) and ZigBee (ZigBee Alliance, 2004) are short-range radio technologies designed for wireless personal area networks (WPANs), where the devices must have low power consumption and require little infrastructure to operate, or none at all. These devices will enable many applications of mobile and pervasive computing. Bluetooth is the IEEE 802.15.1 (2002) standard and focuses on cable replacement for consumer devices and voice applications for medium data rate networks. ZigBee is the IEEE 802.15.4 (2003) standard for low data rate networks for sensors and control devices. The IEEE defines only the physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layers of the standards (Baker, 2005). Both standards have alliances formed by different companies that develop the specifications for the other layers, such as network, link, security, and application. Although designed for different applications, there exists some overlap among these technologies, which are both competitive and complementary. This article makes a comparison of the two standards, addressing the differences, similarities, and coexistence issues. Some research challenges are described, such as quality of service, security, energy-saving methods and protocols for network formation, routing, and scheduling.
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Kleinschmidt, J. "Enabling Technologies for Pervasive Computing." In Encyclopedia of Mobile Computing and Commerce. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-002-8.ch046.

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Bluetooth (Bluetooth SIG, 2004) and ZigBee (ZigBee Alliance, 2004) are short-range radio technologies designed for wireless personal area networks (WPANs), where the devices must have low power consumption and require little infrastructure to operate, or none at all. These devices will enable many applications of mobile and pervasive computing. Bluetooth is the IEEE 802.15.1 (2002) standard and focuses on cable replacement for consumer devices and voice applications for medium data rate networks. ZigBee is the IEEE 802.15.4 (2003) standard for low data rate networks for sensors and control devices. The IEEE defines only the physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layers of the standards (Baker, 2005). Both standards have alliances formed by different companies that develop the specifications for the other layers, such as network, link, security, and application. Although designed for different applications, there exists some overlap among these technologies, which are both competitive and complementary. This article makes a comparison of the two standards, addressing the differences, similarities, and coexistence issues. Some research challenges are described, such as quality of service, security, energy-saving methods and protocols for network formation, routing, and scheduling.
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Elkhodr, Mahmoud, Seyed Shahrestani, and Hon Cheung. "Wireless Enabling Technologies for the Internet of Things." In Innovative Research and Applications in Next-Generation High Performance Computing. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0287-6.ch015.

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This Chapter provides several comparable studies of some of the major evolving and enabling wireless technologies in the Internet of Things (IoT). Particularly, it focuses on the ZigBee, 6lowpan, Bluetooth Low Energy, LTE, and the different versions of Wi-Fi protocols including the IEEE 802.11ah. The studies, reported in this chapter, evaluate the capabilities and behaviors of these technologies in terms of various metrics including the data range and rate, network size, RF Channels and Bandwidth, Antenna design considerations, Power Consumption, and their Ecosystem. It is concluded that the requirements of each IoT application play a significant role in the selection of a suitable wireless technology.
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NithyaDorairajan, Chitra M. Perumal, Padmavathi PT, Ranjanadevi R, and BhagavathShruthi VJ. "Design of Compact High Gain Multilayer Stacked Patch Antenna." In Intelligent Systems and Computer Technology. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc200185.

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In this paper a compact multilayer stacked patch antenna with high gain is proposed. The structure is composed of stacked patches with U slots and shorting pins. The proposed antenna is capable for resonating at the center frequency of 2.25 GHz. The performance of the antenna is characterized by the simulated result of bandwidth, gain and reflection coefficient. The antenna has reflection coefficient of less than -10 dB with a maximum gain of 7.07 dBi. The proposed antenna has bandwidth of nearly 400MHz and has less size with an overall height of 10.3 mm. The designed frequency range occupies S band which is used for various applications like weather radar, surface ship radar, Bluetooth and ZigBee.
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Padiya, S. D., and V. S. Gulhane. "Analysis of Bluetooth Versions (4.0, 4.2, 5, 5.1, and 5.2) for IoT Applications." In Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6988-7.ch010.

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IoT includes many sensors that have to collect the data and send it to the superior nodes; for such interaction between the IoT devices, various wireless technologies are available, like infrared, Li-Fi, WI-Fi, Zigbee, Bluetooth, etc. Among all the available, Bluetooth proved the most promising short-range wireless communication technology due to various factors. To fulfil the increasing demand for wireless connectivity, the Bluetooth SIG must continuously perform up-gradation. Here, analysis of Bluetooth versions are discussed based on the characteristics such as speed, bandwidth, range, power, message capacity, beacon provision, compatibility, reliability, errors detection, correction capability, advertisement packets, duty cycle, slot availability masks, and many more. This analysis concluded that all the versions have their own set of merits and limitations. For the basic IoT applications (limited functionalities), Bluetooth 4.0/4.2 is a good choice, while for the complex IoT applications (advance functionalities), Bluetooth 5/ 5.1/ 5.2 is better.
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Gopalsamy, Bharathi N. "Communication Trends in Internet of Things." In Developments and Trends in Intelligent Technologies and Smart Systems. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3686-4.ch014.

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The central hypothesis of Internet of Things is the term “connectivity”. The IoT devices are connected to the Internet through a wide variety of communication technologies. This chapter explains the various technologies involved in IoT connectivity. The diversity in communication raises the query of which one to choose for the proposed application. The key objective of the application needs to be defined very clearly. The application features such as the power requirement, data size, storage, security and battery life highly influence the decision of selecting one or more communication technology. Near Field Communication is a good choice for short-range communication, whereas Wi-Fi can be opted for a larger range of coverage. Though Bluetooth is required for higher data rate, it is power hungry, but ZigBee is suitable for low power devices. There involves always the tradeoff between the technologies and the requirements. This chapter emphasizes that the goal of the application required to be more precise to decide the winner of the IoT connectivity technology that suits for it.
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Devare, Manoj. "Low Power Communication Protocols for IoT-Enabled Applications." In Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3805-9.ch003.

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The industrial IoT marching towards the digital twin and the broad spectrum of applications need the specialized low power protocols for communication and data transfer. This chapter provides a comprehensive discussion on the challenges, opportunities, use cases, platforms, and protocols for the deployment of low power protocols in the context of IoT applications. Moreover, discussion extends to the various custom techniques for energy saving in the communication of sensors to hardware, hardware to Cloud, and deferred data pushing in edge computing. The traditional wireless data transfer and communication protocols are suitable in case of the hardware platforms connected with seamless power supply. However, there is need of low power protocols 6LoWPAN, LoRaWAN, Sub 1, ZigBee, BLE, NFC, and other telecommunication protocols across several IoT applications. The SBCs and micro-controllers are not always equipped with these protocol-enabled hardware. This chapter addresses the suitable hardware and combination with low energy options as per the budget, range, and specifications.
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Djedjig, Nabil, Djamel Tandjaoui, Imed Romdhani, and Faiza Medjek. "Trust Management in the Internet of Things." In Security and Privacy in Smart Sensor Networks. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5736-4.ch007.

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The internet of things (IoT) is a new paradigm where users, objects, and any things are interconnected using wired and wireless technology such as RFID, ZigBee, WSN, NFC, Bluetooth, GPRS, and LTE. In this last decade, the IoT concept has attracted significant attention from both industrial and research communities. Many application domains may have significant benefits with IoT systems. These domains range from home automation, environmental monitoring, healthcare, to logistic and smart grid. Nevertheless, the IoT is facing many security issues such as authentication, key management, identification, availability, privacy, and trust management. Indeed, establishing trust relationships between nodes in IoT represents a primary security milestone to have reliable systems that exclude malicious nodes. However, trust management in an IoT constrained and ubiquitous environment represents a real challenge. This chapter presents an overview of trust management in IoT. This overview explains and demonstrates the usefulness of trust management and how it should be exploited in IoT.
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Watanabe, Masahiro, Sadao Obana, and Takashi Watanabe. "Ad Hoc Networks Testbed Using a Practice Smart Antenna with IEEE802.15.4 Wireless Modules." In Handbook on Advancements in Smart Antenna Technologies for Wireless Networks. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-988-5.ch023.

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Recent studies on directional media access protocols (MACs) using smart antennas for wireless ad hoc networks have shown that directional MACs outperform against traditional omini-directional MACs. Those studies evaluate the performance mainly on simulations, where antenna beam is assumed to be ideal, i.e., with neither side-lobes nor back-lobes. Propagation conditions are also assumed to be mathematical model without realistic fading. In this paper, we develop at first a testbed for directional MAC protocols which enables to investigate performance of MAC protocols in the real environment. It incorporates ESPAR as a practical smart antenna, IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee, GPS and gyro modules to allow easy installment of different MAC protocols. To our knowledge, it is the first compact testbed with a practical smart antenna for directional MACs. We implement a directional MAC protocol called SWAMP to evaluate it in the real environment. The empirical discussion based on the experimental results shows that the degradation of the protocol with ideal antennas, and that the protocol still achieves the SDMA effect of spatial reuse and the effect of communication range extension.
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Watanabe, Masahiro, Sadao Obana, and Takashi Watanabe. "Ad Hoc Networks Testbed Using a Practice Smart Antenna with IEEE802.15.4 Wireless Modules." In Networking and Telecommunications. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-986-1.ch102.

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Recent studies on directional media access protocols (MACs) using smart antennas for wireless ad hoc networks have shown that directional MACs outperform against traditional omini-directional MACs. Those studies evaluate the performance mainly on simulations, where antenna beam is assumed to be ideal, i.e., with neither side-lobes nor back-lobes. Propagation conditions are also assumed to be mathematical model without realistic fading. In this paper, we develop at first a testbed for directional MAC protocols which enables to investigate performance of MAC protocols in the real environment. It incorporates ESPAR as a practical smart antenna, IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee, GPS and gyro modules to allow easy installment of different MAC protocols. To our knowledge, it is the first compact testbed with a practical smart antenna for directional MACs. We implement a directional MAC protocol called SWAMP to evaluate it in the real environment. The empirical discussion based on the experimental results shows that the degradation of the protocol with ideal antennas, and that the protocol still achieves the SDMA effect of spatial reuse and the effect of communication range extension.
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Conference papers on the topic "Range of ZigBee"

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Kuzminykh, Ievgeniia, Arkadii Snihurov, and Anders Carlsson. "Testing of communication range in ZigBee technology." In 2017 14th International Conference The Experience of Designing and Application of CAD Systems in Microelectronics (CADSM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cadsm.2017.7916102.

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Anupriya K, Jubin Sebastian E, Jerrin Yomas, Hari Babu P, and Tulasi Dwarakanath. "Integrating ZigBee and Sub GHz devices for long range networks." In 2016 Online International Conference on Green Engineering and Technologies (IC-GET). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/get.2016.7916826.

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Hevrdejs, Kyle, Jacob Knoll, and Suruz Miah. "A ZigBee-based framework for approximating sensor range and bearing." In 2017 IEEE 30th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccece.2017.7946789.

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Balachandar, A., P. Kumaravel, R. PradeepRaj, M. Gokul, MM Gokulakrishnan, and S. Jayalakshmi. "Borewell Kid Evacuation System with Zigbee for Long Range Applications." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication (ICPSC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icspc51351.2021.9451777.

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Oh, Sechang, Hyeokjun Kwon, Hargsoon Yoon, and Vijay K. Varadan. "Wireless Point-of-Care Patient Monitoring System Using Zigbee and Wi-Fi Standards." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13212.

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Abstract:
This paper describes a wireless point-of-care patient monitoring system to monitor 3 channels of biopotential signals using a wireless sensor unit, a wireless receiver unit, and a monitoring unit. The wireless sensor unit transmits signals with Zigbee, and the wireless receiver unit which has both Zigbee and Wi-Fi transceivers receives the signals from the sensor unit and transmits the signals to the monitoring unit with Zigbee and Wi-Fi, respectively. By using both Zigbee and Wi-Fi, the wireless sensor system can achieve low power consumption and wide range coverage. The features of the system are presented, as well as biopotential monitoring results.
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Roy, Soumya, and Rajarshi Gupta. "Short range centralized cardiac health monitoring system based on ZigBee communication." In 2014 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference - South Asia Satellite (GHTC-SAS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc-sas.2014.6967579.

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Yu Chengbo, Liu Yanfei, and Liu Li. "Research and application on the coverage range of the Zigbee protocol." In 2009 IEEE Youth Conference on Information, Computing and Telecommunication (YC-ICT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ycict.2009.5382437.

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Yu Chengbo, Liu Yanfei, and Liu Li. "Research and application on the coverage range of the Zigbee protocol." In 2009 IEEE Youth Conference on Information, Computing and Telecommunication (YC-ICT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ycict.2009.5382442.

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Rapinski, Jacek, Slawomir Cellmer, and Joanna Janicka. "Ambiguity Resolution in ZigBee Phase Shift Measurements Using MAFA Method." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.234.

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This paper presents ZigBee module that is used for ranging in indoor positioning. The system is using the phase shift measurements to determine the distances between user and anchors. The nature of phase shift measurements is causing the results to be in the range of a single wave length. Thus, as in GNSS measurements, appears the problem with ambiguity resolution. In satellite positioning this issue is well described but in range-based ZigBee positioning this problem needs to be solved. The standard procedure to find the correct values of ambiguities is to search for a combination of observation equations with smallest RMS. The authors propose a different solution – the Modified Ambiguity Function Approach (MAFA). It is a method of GNSS carrier phase data processing. In this method, the integer nature of ambiguities is taken into account in the functional model of the adjustment.
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Shrestha, Pradhumna Lal, Michael Hempel, Sushanta Rakshit, Hamid Sharif, John Punwani, and Monique Stewart. "Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Technology Networking for Real-Time Monitoring in Freight Railroad Operations." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2467.

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Traditional Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) solutions have been deemed insufficient to address the requirements of freight railroad companies to implement real-time monitoring and control of their trains, tracks and wayside equipment. With only ZigBee-based elements, the transmission capabilities of WSN devices are limited in terms of coverage range and throughput. This leads to severe delay and congestion in the network, particularly in railroad scenarios that usually require the nodes to be arranged in linear chain-like topology. In such a multi-hop topology to communicate from one end of a train to the locomotive — and due to ZigBee’s limited communication range — data needs to be transmitted using a very high number of hops and thus generates long delays and congestion problems. To overcome this drawback, we have proposed a heterogeneous multi-hop networking approach called “Hybrid Technology Networking” (HTN). In HTN we combined Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technologies like WiFi, which provide improved communication range and higher data rates, with low-power communication technologies like ZigBee. This significantly reduces the number of hops required to deliver data across the network and hence solves the issues of delay and congestion, while also achieving superior enery efficiency and network lifetime. The sensor nodes are logically divided into clusters and each cluster has a WiFi “gateway”. All intra-cluster communication is achieved via IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee protocols, while all inter-cluster communication utilizes WiFi protocol standards. To implement our proposed technology in railroad networks, we are designing hardware prototypes and simulation models to evaluate the functionality and performance of our HTN solution, which is designed around a dual network stack design governed by the HTN protocol. This ensures full compliance with IEEE and industry communication protocols for interoperability. Since no simulation tools that seamlessly combine both WSN and WLAN technologies in a single module exist, we wrote our own simulation environment using OPNET. In this paper, we have provided information of implementing the HTN protocol in OPNET and the simulation results for different scenarios relevant to railroad operations. These results will demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed system as well as provide the baseline data for testing the hardware devices in live networks. Under simulated traffic and channel conditions and device configurations, we observed a decrease of 77.27% in end-to-end delay and an increase of 69.70% in received data volume when using HTN compared to ZigBee-only multi-hop networks, simulated over 14 railcars in railroad-relevant scenarios.
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