Relevant bibliographies by topics / Rangifer tarandus

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Academic literature on the topic 'Rangifer tarandus'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Rangifer tarandus"

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Cronin, Matthew A., Michael D. MacNeil, and John C. Patton. "Mitochondrial DNA and Microsatellite DNA Variation in Domestic Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and Relationships with Wild Caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti, Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus, and Rangifer tarandus caribou)." Journal of Heredity 97, no. 5 (July 12, 2006): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esl012.

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Reimers, Eigil, and Jonathan E. Colman. "Reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus) response towards human activities." Rangifer 26, no. 2 (January 28, 2009): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.26.2.188.

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We address the question of how human activities and infrastructure influence reindeer/caribou’s (Rangifer tarandus) behaviour and habitat use and review studies based on current methodologies. Anthropogenic activities have a direct affect on Rangifer behaviour through the senses hearing, sight and smell, and all of these are important tools for behavioural risk assessment. Short term indirect responses, such as habituation, sensitisation, avoidance, and displacement, develop through neutral, positive or negative associations towards stimulus in terms of Rangifer’s ability to experience, learn, and remember. Long term behavioural responses develop through interaction with predators and, for reindeer, also domestication. A survey of the literature dealing with behavioural studies reveals that although Rangifer in most cases retreat from anthropogenic activities, comfort distances (i.e. distances beyond which animal behaviour or activity are not influenced) are relatively short. In most cases, energetic implications appear moderate and small compared to other natural, biotic influences such as disturbance (and death) caused by insect and/or predator harassment. Unless obstructing access, physical constructions of various kinds apparently have limited effects on Rangifer behaviour or habitat use. On the other hand, constructions that do obstruct or limit access and recreational or other motorized and non-motorized activities appear to have stronger impacts on avoidance and redistribution of Rangifer. Behavioural effects that might decrease survival and reproduction include retreat from favourable habitat near disturbance sources and reduction of time spent feeding with resulting energy depletion over time. Rangifer habitat use, habitat avoidance, and feeding preferences are governed by a complexity of natural interacting factors. Domestication, habituation and sensitisation are essential in shaping Rangifer’s adaptability, and should be included in future studies on reindeer and caribou responses towards various anthropogenic activities. Although cumulative effects from human activities are likely, it remains difficult to separate these from natural variations in Rangifer habitat use and demography. Habitat avoidance towards various human infrastructures and activities is reported, but most studies reporting relatively far (4-25 km) avoidance distances relied on measurements of range properties and animal distribution recorded on 1-2 days annually in winter to induce a potential response from the animals and lack important environmental variables and/or alternative hypothesises. This methodology should be improved in order to enable identification of correlation versus causation. Studies relying on animal behaviour measurements can more correctly identify and test responses to various stimuli while also controlling for degree of domestication and other various environmental variables, but only in a limited time and spatial scale. Furthermore, such studies may not necessarily capture potential population consequences from disturbances. Thus, there are important weaknesses in the two leading methodologies (measuring animal behaviour and indirectly mapping regional/population movements and habitat use through measurements of range properties). To best study Rangifer’s responses towards anthropogenic infrastructure and activities, we propose that the two methodologies be combined and supplied with modern GPS/telemetry.Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag:Rein og caribous reaksjon på forskjellige menneskelige aktiviteter og installasjoner Vi adresserer spørsmålet om hvordan menneskelig aktivitet og infrastruktur påvirker rein/caribous (Rangifer tarandus) atferd og områdebruk og gjennomgår publiserte arbeider basert på aktuelle metoder. Antropogene aktiviteter har direkte effekt på reinens atferd via hørsel, syn og lukt; alle er viktige for deres risikovurdering. Kortsiktige indirekte reaksjonsmønstre, slik som habituering, sensitivisering, unnvikelse og fortrengning utvikles gjennom nøytrale, positive eller negative opplevelser av stimuli i henhold til erfaring, læring og hukommelse. Utviklingen av permanente atferdsmønstre skjer ved samvirke med predatorer og for reinens del, også ved domestisering. En litteraturoversikt om atferdsstudier viser at selv om Rangifer i de fleste tilfeller unnviker antropogene virksomheter, så er de avstander dyrene velger å ha mellom seg og infrastruktur uten at normalatferden endres, relativt korte. De energimessige implikasjonene er også beskjedne sammenlignet med virkningen av naturlige stressfaktorer så som forstyrrelser (og død) forårsaket av insekter og predatorer. Fysiske installasjoner av ulik art har også begrenset effekt med mindre de fysisk hindrer Rangifers områdebruk. På den annen side vil fysiske installasjoner, som hindrer eller begrenser bruken av områder, og trafikk, både fottrafikk og trafikk med motorkjøretøy, kunne ha sterkere virkning på unnvikelsesatferd og områdebruk. Atferdsmessige effekter som kan redusere overlevelse og reproduksjon omfatter unnvikelse fra beiteområder nær forstyrrelseskilder. For Rangifer er det negative resultatet av dette øket aktivitet, redusert beitetid og nedbygging av energireserver. Rangifers områdebruk, unnvikelsesatferd og næringspreferanser bestemmes ut fra et kompleks av naturlige og gjensidig påvirkende faktorer. Domestisering, habituering og sensitivisering som er sentrale begrep i utformningen av Rangifers tilpasningsevne, bør inkluderes i fremtidige studier av rein og caribous reaksjon på antropogene aktiviteter. Selv om en kumulativ atferdseffekt av menneskelige aktiviteter er mulig, er det vanskelig å skille slike fra naturlige variasjoner som følge av variasjoner i områdebruk og bestandsdynamiske forhold. Habitatunnvikelse som følge av menneskelig påvirkning er rapportert. De fleste studiene som rapporterer relativt lange unnvikelsesavstander (4-25 km) er imidlertid basert på målinger av beiteslitasje og lokalisering av dyr registrert i løpet av 1-2 dager årlig i løpet av vinteren og mangler viktige miljøparametere og/eller alternative hypoteser. Denne metoden bør forbedres for å kunne skille mellom korrelasjon og kausalitet. Målinger av atferd gjør mulig en mer korrekt testing av Rangifers reaksjon på ulike antropogene stimuli samtidig som man kontrollerer for graden av domestisering og forskjellige miljøfaktorer. Atferdsstudiene avgrenses imidlertid i både tid og rom og vil vanligvis ikke fange opp eventuelle bestandsdynamiske konsekvenser av forstyrrelser. Det hefter følgelig svakheter ved begge de to dominerende metodene som i dag anvendes; måling av atferd og bestandsfordeling og indirekte kartlegging av områdebruk ved måling av beiteslitasje. For å oppnå en bedre studiedesign for måling av Rangifers reaksjon på antropogen infrastruktur og tilknyttede aktiviteter foreslår vi at de to metodene kombineres og suppleres med GPS/telemetri teknologi.
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Handeland, K., A. Skorping, S. Stuen, and T. Slettbakk. "Experimental studies of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus): Clinical observations." Rangifer 14, no. 2 (December 1, 1994): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.14.2.1138.

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Clinical observations were made on 12 reindeer calves (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) experimentally infected with 200-1000 infective larvae of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi and autopsied 2.5-196 days post inoculation (p.i). Seven experimental animals autopsied later than 20 days p.i. all developed neurologic signs starting 4-8 weeks p.i. In six of these animals, signs lasted until autopsy 0-12 weeks after onset. The seventh animal recovered completely after a disease period lasting five months. A dose-response relationship between the infective dose and severity of signs was observed. Clinical signs observed in all affected animals were paraparesis, tail paresis and posterior ataxia. Other signs included lowered head, general weakness, lameness, tetraparesis, scoliosis, anal hypotonia, head and neck turn, depression and reduced vision. The prepa-tent period was 4-4.5 months.
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Nikander, Sven. "Nikander's Thesis: Studies on the exocrine ducts of the pancreas and the liver in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L)." Rangifer 11, no. 2 (October 1, 1991): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.11.1.971.

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<p>This thesis is based on the following papers, which will be referred to in the next by their Roman numerals:</p><p>I Nikander, S. 1990. On the anatomy and topography of the pancreas and the pancreatic duct in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.). Rangifer 10: 25-29.</p><p>II Rahko, T. &amp; Nikander, S. 1990. Macroscopical and microscopical studies of the common bile duct in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.). Rangifer 10: 3-8.</p><p>III Rahko, T. &amp; Nikander, S. 1990. Histochemical studies of the common bile duct in reindeer. Rangifer 10: 9-15.</p><p>IV Rahko, T. &amp; Nikander, S. 1990. Electron microscopical studies of the common bile duct in reindeer. Rangifer 10: 17-23.</p><p>V Nikander, S. &amp; Rahko, T. 1990. Ultra-structure of granulated cells in the bile duct of reindeer. Rangifer Special Issue No. 3: 363-367.</p>
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Mathiesen, Svein D., V. B. Rædergård, M. A. Vader, Ø. E. Haga, H. J. Norberg, W. Sørmoe, and N. J. C. Tyler. "Salivary glands in Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) and in Norwegian reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus)." Rangifer 19, no. 1 (April 1, 1999): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.19.1.289.

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<p>The aim of this investigation was to compare the size of salivaty glands in Svalbard reindeer {Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus) and in Norwegian reindeer (Rangifer t. tarandus) in relation to feeding strategy, season and reproductive status. The mean body mass (BM, standard deviation j) in adult non-lactating female Svalbard reindeer was 72.0, s = 4.2, kg (n = 8) in September and 46.7, s = 7.1, kg (&laquo; = 4) in April. The mean BM of adult non-lactating Norwegian reindeer was 67.5, s = 7.7, kg (&raquo; = 8) in September and 59.2, s = 9.6, kg (n = 9) in March. In non-lactating female Svalbard reindeer the mean combined mass of parotid glands was 82.7, s = 4.5, g in September and 58.8, s = 8.7, g in April (P &lt; 0.05). In the Norwegian reindeer the mean combined mass of the parotid glands was 95.2, s = 14.4, g in Septembet and 68.1, s = 9.5, g in Match (P &lt; 0.05). We wete not able to find any sub-species differences in the size of the salivaty glands which could be related to phenotypic difference in feeding strategy. Both sub-species had parotid glands sizes similar to that of intermediate ruminant types, ranging from 0.11-0.14% of BM. The larger absolute size of salivaty glands in summer compared to winter reflects the importance of high rates of production of saliva when the dry matter intake and microbial fermentation is high.</p>
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Järplid, Bertil, and Claes Rehbinder. "Lymphoma in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.)." Rangifer 15, no. 1 (December 1, 1995): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.15.1.1155.

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In reindeer, only one case of lymphoma, a multiple cutaneous malignant lymphoma, has been reported hitherto. This communicaton describes two additional cases of lymphoma in reindeer. One was a young adult, of unreported sex, slaughtered 1994 in Harads in northern Sweden and the other an elderly female slaughtered 1974 in Str&ouml;mstad in middle Sweden.
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Eloranta, E., V. Ojutkangas, M. Nieminen, J. Leppäluoto, O. Vakkuri, and J. Timisjärvi. "Melatonin secretion in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.)." Rangifer 10, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.10.3.861.

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Vemireddi, Vimala, Alok Sharma, Ching Ching Wu, and Tsang Long Lin. "Systemic Nocardiosis in a Reindeer (Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus)." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 19, no. 3 (May 2007): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870701900320.

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Taylor, Rebecca S., Rebekah L. Horn, Xi Zhang, G. Brian Golding, Micheline Manseau, and Paul J. Wilson. "The Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) Genome." Genes 10, no. 7 (July 17, 2019): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10070540.

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Rangifer tarandus, known as caribou or reindeer, is a widespread circumpolar species which presents significant variability in their morphology, ecology, and genetics. A genome was sequenced from a male boreal caribou (R. t. caribou) from Manitoba, Canada. Both paired end and Chicago libraries were constructed and sequenced on Illumina platforms. The final assembly consists of approximately 2.205 Gb, and has a scaffold N50 of 11.765 Mb. BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs) reconstructed 3820 (93.1%) complete mammalian genes, and genome annotation identified the locations of 33,177 protein-coding genes. An alignment to the bovine genome was carried out, indicating sequence coverage on all bovine chromosomes. A high-quality reference genome will be invaluable for evolutionary research and for conservation efforts for the species. Further information about the genome, including a FASTA file of the assembly and the annotation files, is available on our caribou genome website. Raw sequence data is available at the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), under the BioProject accession number PRJNA549927.
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Aas-Hansen, Øyvind, Lars P. Folkow, and Arnoldus Schytte Blix. "Panting in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 279, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): R1190—R1195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2000.279.4.r1190.

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Two winter-insulated Norwegian reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus tarandus) were exposed to air temperatures of 10, 20, 30, and 38°C while standing at rest in a climatic chamber. The direction of airflow through nose and mouth, and the total and the nasal minute volumes, respectively, were determined during both closed- and open-mouth panting. The animals alternated between closed- and open-mouth panting, but the proportion of open-mouth panting increased with increasing heat load. The shifts from closed- to open-mouth panting were abrupt and always associated with a rise in respiratory frequency and respiratory minute volume. During open-mouth panting, the direction of airflow was bidirectional in both nose and mouth, but only 2.4 ± (SD) 1.1% of the air was routed through the nose. Estimates suggest that the potential for selective brain cooling is markedly reduced during open-mouth panting in reindeer as a consequence of this airflow pattern.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rangifer tarandus"

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Weinstock, Jacobo. "Late pleistocene reindeer populations in Middle and Western Europe : an osteometrical study of Rangifer tarandus /." Tübingen : Mo Vince Verl, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39199574r.

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Kakol, Katarzyna. "Environmental enrichment for zoo-housed Icelandic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-176030.

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Environmental enrichment is commonly used to improve the welfare of captive animals by offering options to increase behavioural diversity and normal behaviour patterns. The aim of this study was to assess if environmental enrichment has a positive effect on a group of four zoo-housed reindeer, Rangifer tarandus. Three types of environmental enrichment were used: food enrichment, olfactory enrichment, and tactile enrichment, with a spontaneous rotation to prevent habituation. Following a baseline period of ten days without enrichment, the animals’ behaviour was monitored for four months with enrichment. All behaviours shown by the reindeer during the study were categorized into locomotory behaviour, feeding behaviour, passive behaviour, social interactions, and behaviour towards enrichment. The overall level of activity of the reindeer almost doubled between the baseline period (40.8%) and the enrichment period (75.3%), with a significant increase in feeding behaviour (p < 0.001) and a significant decrease in passive behaviour (p < 0.001). Food enrichment had the strongest impact on the reindeer out of the three types of enrichment presented. Even though the reindeer showed a continuous interest towards tactile enrichment, it was low compared to the interest shown towards food enrichment. They also showed little interest in olfactory enrichment. Neophobia may explain the lack of interest by the reindeer to certain types of enrichment that were novel to them. Overall, the presentation of environmental enrichment made the behaviour of the captive reindeer clearly more similar to the behaviour of wild reindeer.
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Soppela, Päivi. "Fats as indicators of physiological constraints in newborn and young reindeer : Rangifer tarandus tarandus L. /." Oulu : Oulun yliopisto, 2000. http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514256891/isbn9514256891.pdf.

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Ball, Mark Christopher. "Factors affecting the distribution and transmission of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi in caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) of Newfoundland." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0020/MQ54509.pdf.

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Soppela, P. (Päivi). "Fats as indicators of physiological constraints in newborn and young reindeer:Rangifer tarandus tarandus L." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2000. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514256891.

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Abstract The semi-domesticated reindeer is a northern species of Cervidae that is exposed to extreme seasonal changes in temperature and nutrition in its living environment. The objective of this study was to examine the significance of thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) for the survival of newborn reindeer in the cold during the critical perinatal period. The other main objective was to study the effect of wintertime undernutrition on serum and bone marrow fatty acid composition in yearling reindeer, with particular attention on the proportions of unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their feasibility as indicators of nutritional status. The results showed that the most of the adipose tissues in newborn reindeer were functionally active BAT. The tissue had specific anatomical locations, specialized cell morphological structure, high aerobic capacity, and tissue-specific mitochondrial 32000 Mr-uncoupling protein (UCP1) that is considered a rate-limiting factor for thermogenesis. The most readily mobilized fatty acids from BAT triacylglycerols were arachidonic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids. BAT was most active at birth and during the close perinatal period but its aerobic capacity declined during the first month of life while UCP1 disappeared and the tissue gradually adopted the histological characteristics of white adipose tissue. The newborn reindeer had very low proportions of the principal C18-PUFAs, linoleic and α-linolenic acids, in serum lipids. However, the proportions of C18-PUFAs increased during the first few days of life by a rate that suggests a selective retention of these fatty acids from milk lipids. A prolonged restricted feeding of reindeer with lichen during winter and spring induced significant reductions in the proportions of linoleic and α-linolenic acids in serum cholesteryl esters and phospholipids, while proportion of arachidonic acid and serum prostaglandin PGF2α metabolite concentration increased. Plasma leptin and insulin levels decreased in parallel with decreases in feed intake and body weight. In freely ranging reindeer, the proportions of oleic acid and principal C18-PUFAs were significantly reduced in femur bone marrow triacylglycerols as a result of a wintertime undernutrition. In conclusion, active BAT is the dominant adipose tissue type in the newborn reindeer and it is likely to have a major significance on the thermoregulatory heat production and cold resistance of reindeer during the perinatal period. The changes in the specific PUFA proportions of serum and bone marrow lipids refleict the changes in the nutritional status and suggest that these fatty acids are preferentially utilized during prolonged wintertime undernutrition.
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Freeman, Nicola L. "Motorized backcountry recreation and stress response in Mountain Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2287.

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Mountain caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) are endangered in British Columbia and motorized backcountry recreation has been identified as a potential threat to their persistence. My objective was to test if fecal glucocorticoids (GCs), indicative of physiological effects of ecological stress in wildlife, could be used as a non-invasive tool to quantify stress response in free-ranging caribou exposed to motorized recreation. I validated an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure concentration of fecal GCs for R. tarandus using an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge experiment on captive reindeer exposed to extreme variation in winter weather. Female reindeer expressed elevated fecal GCs 9-11 hrs after ACTH injection. Males showed no detectable increase, perhaps due to underdosing. Fecal GCs varied markedly in both sexes in response to natural variation in weather. Overall, my results indicated fecal assays can be used to track biologically meaningful changes in adrenal activity in R.tarandus. I investigated the effects of motorized recreation on stress hormone production by measuring GCs in feces of mountain caribou exposed to snowmobile and heli-ski activity. Concentrations of fecal GCs in snowmobile and heli-ski areas were higher than those measured from caribou in areas where motorized recreation was not allowed. Caribou sampled up to 4km. 8km and I0 km distant from snowmobile activity showed elevated fecal GCs when compared to those sampled further from snowmobile activity areas. Other variables with a significant effect on fecal GCs included reproductive state, snow, aspect. minimum ambient temperature, and daily temperature range. My study indicates that measurement of fecal GCs provides a useful, noninvasive approach in the evaluation of physiological effects of environment, reproductive state, and human-induced stressors on free-ranging mountain caribou. Although research on many species indicates that chronically elevated GCs carry a variety of physiological costs, more study is needed to know whether GCs can be used as an index of human impact on population health or trend.
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Skuterud, Lavrans. "Investigation of selected natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and lynx (Lynx lynx)." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for kjemi, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1689.

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The present thesis investigates a range of dietary, physiological and environmental factors influencing transfer and long-term behaviour of radionuclides in reindeer and lynx. Feeding experiments were designed to provide details on factors related to absorption, retention and secretion of radionuclides in reindeer, while concentrations and time trends of radionuclides in the environment were studied in two reindeer herding districts during the period 2000 – 2003. Data on 137Cs in reindeer from 1986 onwards and samples of lynx were obtained from national archives. In the first feeding experiment, reindeer calves were offered either combined diets of fallout contaminated lichens and pelleted concentrates applicable for clean feeding, or a pure lichen diet. Constant daily radiocaesium (134Cs and 137Cs) administration rates were used throughout the experiments. Due to lower dietary potassium and crude fibre intake, reindeer on the pure lichen diet had significantly lower excretion of radiocaesium and a 40 % longer biological half-time for radiocaesium in red blood cells than reindeer fed a diet with a higher mineral element content. The study showed that the bioavailability of Chernobyl radiocaesium in lichen was 35 % of that of 134Cs as chloride in aqueous solution. The results were in agreement with previous studies demonstrating the effect of seasonal variations in potassium intake on radiocaesium retention in reindeer. A literature review of the many factors influencing transfer of radiocaesium to ruminants suggested that additional seasonally affected factors need to be taken into account in studies of reindeer, particularly the effects of digestibility and metabolic rates on absorption and endogenous faecal excretion of radiocaesium. In the second feeding experiment, four pregnant reindeer on a concentrate diet were given daily constant quantities of 134Cs and 85Sr as chlorides in aqueous solution during the last part of gestation. The experiment showed that similar fractions of the administered activities of 134Cs and 85Sr were transferred to the foetus, and 1.4 – 2.5 % of the total administered activities were deposited in the calves at birth. The distribution of the nuclides in different tissues of newborn calves was comparable to that reported in older calves. The transfer coefficients (Fm) for 134Cs and 85Sr from diet to reindeer milk were as expected from extrapolated Fm values observed in other ruminants, with Fm for 134Cs 8.5 times higher that of 85Sr. The influence of the mineral element intake, particularly K and Ca, on absorption of Cs and Sr in reindeer, suggests that transfer of the nuclides to foetus and milk of free-ranging reindeer may be considerable higher than observed in this experiment. Furthermore, secretion of Sr accumulated prior to the lactation period will probably cause higher Sr concentration in milk of free-ranging reindeer than indicated by the Fm estimated in this experiment. No differences in halftimes for 134Cs and 85Sr secretion in milk were observed, with both nuclides secreted with short- and long-term half-times of 1 – 2 and 12 – 19 days, respectively. The study of 137Cs, 90Sr, 210Po and 210Pb in the environment included sampling of soil, vegetation and reindeer tissues in two climatically different reindeer herding districts, Østre Namdal and Vågå. These districts were among the areas in Norway most affected by fallout from the Chernobyl accident. The study showed that 137Cs concentrations in reindeer from both areas declined by effective ecological half-times (Tecol) of 3 – 5 years in autumn and winter up to the mid and late 1990s, when the rates of decline decreased possibly due to a reduced role of lichens as sources of absorbed 137Cs in reindeer. Future time-trends may well be governed simply by physical decay, although incidences of high abundances of fungi may potentially cause elevated 137Cs concentrations in reindeer in autumn for many years to come. Higher 137Cs concentrations in vascular plants, lichens and reindeer in Østre Namdal compared to Vågå (relative to the 137Cs deposition density), suggested that climatic influences on soil properties that influence the availability of 137Cs for plant uptake and on lichen growth and abundance may have a larger impact on long-term transfer of radiocaesium in the soil-plant/lichen-reindeer food chain than has been previously observed. Furthermore, the results of this thesis suggest that various proportions of lichens and vascular plants in the diet may cause appreciable differences in transfer of radiocaesium to reindeer across Norway due to differences in radiocaesium, potassium and crude fibre intake. The samples of bone and antlers of reindeer of different ages showed that 90Sr concentrations in bone of older females were 40 % higher than in calves due to higher dietary 90Sr intake during their periods of growth (< 2 year) and continuous 90Sr intake thereafter. Combined with previously reported data, a Tecol of 9.03 ± 0.06 years was estimated for 90Sr concentrations in antlers of reindeer calves in Vågå for the period 1988 – 2002. The study supports the use of antlers as monitors of 90Sr concentrations instead of bone, since concentrations in bone appear to be significantly influenced by age and constant bone renewal. Concentrations of 90Sr were 50 – 80 % higher in reindeer from Vågå compared to those from Østre Namdal. Age did not appear to have a major effect on muscle and liver tissue 210Po and 210Pb concentrations in reindeer from Østre Namdal and Vågå. Concentrations of 210Po and 210Pb were similar in the two districts and to previously reported values from other Nordic areas. Thus, climatic differences did not have noticeable effects on 210Po and 210Pb concentrations in reindeer in this study. The study of 137Cs in muscle samples of 747 lynxes killed in Norway from the 1986 Chernobyl accident up to the year 2001 showed that a model with 137Cs deposition density, the year lynxes were killed, age, and extent of reindeer grazing area in the lynxes’ home ranges could account for 50 % of the variability in observed 137Cs concentrations. The analyses were equivocal regarding the lynxes’ specialization in prey species. Further work on the possible use of radiocaesium as a tracer of reindeer predation by lynxes require experimental data on Cs retention in lynx and better estimates of deposition density in the lynxes’ home ranges. The calculated absorbed doses to reindeer from both anthropogenic and natural nuclides suggested that some of the most exposed individuals received dose rates approaching 1 mGy d-1 after the Chernobyl fallout. No effects on morbidity, mortality or reproductive capacity of reindeer would be expected from these doses. Only the lynxes with the highest radiocaesium concentrations received doses comparable to those received by reindeer. The assessment of doses to humans from the studied radionuclides showed that 137Cs continues to be the most important contributor to ingestion doses by South Saamis. The time trend in 137Cs concentrations in the studied reindeer herding districts suggests that ingestion doses by persons with average Saami consumption rates of reindeer meat will continue to exceed the 1990 recommendation by the International Commission on Radiological Protection for many years to come, if countermeasures are not applied.
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Pöllänen, A. (Antti). "Metsäpeuran (Rangifer tarandus fennicus) levinneisyys- ja populaatiodemografinen historia:populaatioiden synty, kehitys ja tulevaisuus Suomessa." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201711153108.

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Holma-Suutari, A. (Anniina). "Harmful agents (PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PBDEs) in Finnish reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and moose (Alces alces)." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526206646.

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Abstract In Finland there is a food monitoring program which has found elevated dioxin and polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in the muscle of semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) calves. This led to further research on the concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in reindeer muscle, liver, and other internal organs. The research was further expanded on wild moose (Alces alces) muscle and liver. The main objective of this thesis is to increase knowledge of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) pollution levels in the Finnish terrestrial environment, and in semi-domesticated reindeer and wild moose in particular. The research gives information of exposure conditions in the reindeer’s food chain, as well as species differences and individual variation in accumulation and distribution of pollutants in reindeer and moose. Local differences between the contaminant concentrations were explored. Toxic equivalencies (TEQs) set by the World Health Organization (WHO) of PCDD/Fs and PCBs were calculated in order to assess the validity of selling reindeer and moose tissue. It was observed that there is a species-, individual-, and tissue-specific accumulation of dioxins, dioxin-like PCB, and PBDE compounds in reindeer and moose. Varying exposure conditions mainly explain the differences, although taking into account the age of an individual animal, its metabolic patterns have a role, too. Reindeer placenta and milk proved to be important factors in the transporting of compounds from hind to calf. The highest PCDD/F and PCB concentrations (as WHO-TEQs) were observed in reindeer calves in the study area in which animals are fed in natural pastures only. Despite the findings, it was concluded that it is safe to eat reindeer and moose meat since the concentrations of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in the muscle are relatively low, and because of the low fat content in these animals. Reindeer liver, for its part, had quite a lot of dioxin-like compounds that may compromise its safety as food, at least on a regular basis. The study shows that Finnish semi-domesticated reindeer and wild moose are good indicator species of POP contamination in a terrestrial environment, reindeer describing the situation in northern parts of the country especially
Tiivistelmä Suomalaisessa ruokamonitorointitutkimuksessa löydettiin kohonneita dioksiinien ja polykloorattujen bifenyylien pitoisuuksia puolivillin poron vasojen lihaksista. Se johti lisätutkimuksiin pysyvien orgaanisten yhdisteiden pitoisuuksista poron lihaksessa, maksassa ja muissa sisäelimissä. Tutkimus laajeni koskemaan myös hirven (Alces alces) lihasta ja maksaa. Väitöskirjatyö lisää tietämystä polykloorattujen dibentso-p-dioksiinien (PCDD), polykloorattujen dibentsofuraanien (PCDF), polykloorattujen bifenyylien (PCB) ja polybromattujen difenyylieettereiden (PBDE) pitoisuuksista suomalaisessa maaympäristössä ja erityisesti porossa ja hirvessä. Tutkimus antaa tietoa yhdisteille altistumisesta sekä viitteitä lajien- ja yksilöiden välisistä eroavai¬suuksista yhdisteiden kertymisessä ja niiden jakaantumisessa eri kudosten välillä. Alueellista vaihtelua yhdisteiden pitoisuuksissa selvitettiin myös. Maailman terveysjärjestön (WHO) asettamia PCDD/F- ja PCB-yhdisteiden toksisuusekvivalenttiarvoja (TEQ) tarkasteltaessa pystyttiin arvioimaan kemiallista elintarvikekelpoisuutta suhteessa EU:n antamiin sallittuihin pitoisuuksiin. Työssä havaittiin laji-, yksilö-, ikä- ja kudosspesifistä dioksiinien, dioksiinienkaltaisten PCB- ja PBDE-yhdisteiden kerääntymistä porossa ja hirvessä. Tämä on todennäköisimmin seurausta vaihtelevasta altistumisesta yhdisteille, mutta myös lajien metabolisissa toiminnoissa yksilön eri ikäkausina voi olla eroavaisuuksia. Poron istukan ja maidon havaittiin olevan tärkeitä yhdisteiden kulkeutumisessa emolta sikiölle ja vasalle. Korkeimmat dioksiinien ja dioksiinien kaltaisten PCB-yhdisteiden konsentraatiot (WHO-TEQ-pitoisuuksina) havaittiin poron vasoilla tutkimusalueella, jossa eläimet olivat laiduntaneet ainoastaan luonnonlaitumilla. Huolimatta havaituista haitta-ainepitoisuuksista todettiin, että sekä luonnostaan vähärasvaisen poron että hirvenlihan syönti on turvallista suhteellisen alhaisten dioksiinien ja dioksiininkaltaisten PCB-yhdisteiden pitoisuuksien perusteella. Poron maksa puolestaan sisälsi melko korkeita dioksiinien kaltaisten yhdisteiden pitoisuuksia, mikä voi vaikuttaa sen turvalliseen käyttöön elintarvikkeena ainakin usein syötynä. Suomalainen puolivilli poro ja villi hirvi sopivat hyvin POP-kontaminoitumisen indikaattoreiksi maaympäristössä; poron erityisesti kuvaten tilannetta maan pohjoisosissa
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Anderson, Robert B. "Peatland habitat use and selection by woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in northern Alberta." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ47003.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Rangifer tarandus"

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Ahman, Birgitta. Radiocaesium in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) after fallout from the Chernobyl accident. Uppsala: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1994.

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Wiklund, Eva. Pre-slaughter handling of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.): Effects on meat quality. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 1996.

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Spalding, D. J. The early history of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in British Columbia. Victoria, BC: British Columbia, Ministry of Environment, Lands, and Parks, Wildlife Branch, 2000.

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Cichowski, Deborah. Status of the Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in Alberta: Update 2010. Edmonton: Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, 2010.

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Sánchez-Azofeifa, Gerardo-Arturo. Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) habitat classification in northeastern Alberta using remote sensing. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, 2001.

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Proceviat, Sarah K. Development of a visual index to determine age of woodland caribou, Rangifer tarandus caribou. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Biology, 2000.

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Pasda, Kerstin. Osteometry, and osteological age and sex determination of the Sisimiut reindeer population (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus). Oxford: John and Erica Hedges Ltd., 2009.

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Osteometry, and osteological age and sex determination of the Sisimiut reindeer population (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus). Oxford: John and Erica Hedges Ltd., 2009.

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Pasda, Kerstin. Osteometry, and osteological age and sex determination of the Sisimiut reindeer population (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus). Oxford: John and Erica Hedges Ltd., 2009.

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Boileau, François. Rapport sur la situation du caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) du Parc de conservation de la Gaspésie. Québec: Ministère de l'environnement et de la faune, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Rangifer tarandus"

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Baskin, Leonid, and Kjell Danell. "Reindeer — Rangifer tarandus." In Ecology of Ungulates, 127–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06820-5_9.

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Holand, Øystein, Ivan Mizin, and Robert B. Weladji. "Reindeer Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus, 1758)." In Handbook of the Mammals of Europe, 247–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24475-0_24.

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Holand, Øystein, Ivan Mizin, and Robert B. Weladji. "Reindeer Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus, 1758)." In Handbook of the Mammals of Europe, 1–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65038-8_24-1.

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Wiklund, Eva. "25. Experiences during implementation of a quality label for meat from reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus)." In Trends in game meat hygiene, 293–304. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-238-2_25.

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McDonald, Jerry N., Clayton E. Ray, and Frederick Grady. "Pleistocene caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in the eastern United States: New records and range extensions." In Palaeoecology and Palaeoenvironments of Late Cenozoic Mammals, 406–30. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781487574154-021.

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Nettleton, P. F., C. Ek-Kommonen, R. Tanskanen, H. W. Reid, J. A. Sinclair, and J. A. Herring. "Studies on the Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Alphaherpesviruses from Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus) and Reindeer (Rangifer Tarandus)." In The Management and Health of Farmed Deer, 143–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1325-7_16.

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Fontana, Laure. "Le renne (Rangifer tarandus)." In Les sociétés de chasseurs de rennes du Paléolithique récent en France, 35–48. Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pufc.50371.

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Nyyssönen, Jukka. "Rangifer Tarandus in Textual Service." In Shared Lives of Humans and Animals, 135–46. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315228761-14.

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Dittrich, L., and H. P. Brandt. "Dermatofibrom am Bastgeweih männlicher Rentiere (Rangifer tarandus L.)." In 9. Juni bis 13. Juni 1985 in St. Vincent/Torino, 67–74. De Gruyter, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783112520802-010.

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Маннермаа, К., А. Крийска, А. Кангасмаа, Т. Юссила, and Т. Ростед. "ЛЕСНЫЕ ОХОТНИКИ-СОБИРАТЕЛИ - ПЕРВОПРОХОДЦЫ ЗАСЕЛЕНИЯ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЕВРОПЫ В РАННЕМ ГОЛОЦЕНЕ, "II Международная конференция «Археология Арктики»"." In II Международная конференция «Археология Арктики», 111. ФГУП «Издательство «Наука», 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7868/9785604610893039.

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После таяния Скандинавского ледяного щита около 12 000 лет назад вновь открывшаяся территория суши в восточной части Фенноскандии была заселена различными животными, а затем и людьми. Самые ранние археологические признаки присутствия человека на территории Финляндии, датируемые периодом примерно 11 000 л.н., были обнаружены в восточной и северо-восточной частях страны. В настоящей работе представлены новые археологические свидетельства экономического уклада и среды обитания начального периода заселения, примерно 10 700-10 300 л.н., основанные на остеологических находках, артефактах, радиоуглеродных датах, полученных по обугленным костным останкам, и экологических реконструкциях. Основное внимание уделяется стоянкам из нижних слоев голоцена, расположенным на юго-востоке Финляндии, неподалеку от российско-финской границы. Эти стоянки были расположены по берегам Анцилового озера или небольших внутренних озер. Население этих стоянок состояло из первых поселенцев и их потомков на этой территории. Судя по кремневым находкам (сырье, типы орудий, технологии обработки камня), эти люди происходили из западной части России и Восточной Прибалтики и продолжали поддерживать контакты со своей родиной. Наши результаты свидетельствуют о том, что первыми людьми, прибывшими на эту территорию, были охотники-собиратели, не использовавшие морские ресурсы бассейна Балтийского моря (Анцилового озера). На самом деле, остеологические данные показывают, что только через несколько тысяч лет после первоначального заселения люди начали охотиться на тюленей на этой территории. Заселение вновь открывшихся участков земли осуществлялось группами, специализировавшимися на лесной охоте и внутреннем рыболовстве, их продвижению способствовали богатые охотничьими ресурсами территории, включая европейского лося (Alces alces) и евразийского бобра (Castor fiber). Остеологические материалы с этих стоянок содержат самые ранние находки костей собак (Canis familiaris) в этом регионе, указывающие на то, что собаки мигрировали вместе с ранними переселенцами. Мы также идентифицировали кости дикого северного оленя на одной из стоянок; при этом неясно, представляет ли он северный подвид, горного северного оленя (Rangifer tarandus tarandus), или южную форму, лесного северного оленя (Rangifer tarandus fennicus).
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Conference papers on the topic "Rangifer tarandus"

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Matyukov, V. S. "TO GENOGEOGRAPHY AND ECOLOGICAL GENETICS REINDEER (RANGIFER TARANDUS)." In TOPICAL ISSUES OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT. Komi Republican Academy of Public Service and Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/93206-022-17.

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Dubrovin, Andrey, Timur Dunyashev, Larisa Ilina, and Kasim Laishev. "Isolation of cellulolytic bacterial strains from Rangifer tarandus rumen microflora." In Research for Rural Development 2019 : annual 25th International scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.25.2019.041.

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Loginova, Olga, and Ekaterina Lyutik. "HELMINTHS OF AOLUGUYA REINDEER." In Themed collection of papers from Foreign international scientific conference «Joint innovation - joint development». Part 2. by HNRI «National development» in cooperation with PS of UA. October 2023. - Harbin (China). Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/231024.2023.40.80.012.

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Fecal samples of 10 reindeer ( Rangifer tarandus ) from Aoluguya (Inner Mongolia in China) were collected in August 2023. Material was studied according to Standard Р 54627-2011 “Agricultural ruminant animals. Methods of laboratory helminthology diagnostic”. Nematode larvae of Protostrongylidae were found in 40 % of samples, eggs of Capillaria sp. - in 10%, and eggs of gastrointestinal strongylids - in 60 %. These helminths pose no threat for public health.
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Zolnikov, I., A. Vybornov, A. Anoikin, and A. Postnov. "РАДИОУГЛЕРОДНЫЕ ДАТИРОВКИ ПАЛЕОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ОБРАЗЦОВ ВЕРХНЕГО ПЛЕЙСТОЦЕНА НИЖНЕЙ ОБИ." In Радиоуглерод в археологии и палеоэкологии: прошлое, настоящее, будущее. Материалы международной конференции, посвященной 80-летию старшего научного сотрудника ИИМК РАН, кандидата химических наук Ганны Ивановны Зайцевой. Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-91867-213-6-33-34.

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In the course of studies conducted by IAET SB RAS in the Lower Ob in 2016–2019, the understanding of the conditions for settlement of the Paleolithic population in the north of Western Siberia was significantly supplemented. Dating of a series of paleontological finds was carried out at the "Accelerated mass spectrometer of the Budker Institute of Nucle- ar Physics of SB RAS". The dates obtained show the distribution of the main representatives of the Upper Pleistocene fauna of Subarctica: Mammuthus primigenius – 50,000–15,000 BP, Coelodonta antiquitatis – 43,000–38,000 BP and 27,000–25,000 BP, Rangifer tarandus, Equus ferus – 40,000–10,000 BP, Bison sp. – 50,000–40,000 BP, Ovibos moschatus – 41,000–32,000 BP.
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Yildirim, Elena, Larisa Ilina, Timur Dunyashev, and Dmitiy Sobolev. "Search and Isolation of Microorganisms from the Rangifer Tarandus Rumen Possessing Mycotoxin Biodegradation Potential and Cellulolytic Activity." In Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference The Fifth Technological Order: Prospects for the Development and Modernization of the Russian Agro-Industrial Sector (TFTS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200113.169.

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Brenning, Matthew, Fred J. Longstaffe, and Danielle Fraser. "VARIATION IN STABLE CARBON (Δ13C) AND NITROGEN (Δ15N) ISOTOPE COMPOSITIONS ALONG ANTLERS OF QAMANIRJUAQ CARIBOU (RANGIFER TARANDUS GROENLANDICUS)." In GSA Connects 2023 Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Geological Society of America, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2023am-390457.

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Shienok, A. N., and I. V. Blinova (Chilchigesheva). "REINDEER RANGIFER TARANDUS CONTRIBUTION TO SOIL AND PLANT COVER DEGRADATION IN THE SOUTH OF BERING ISLAND (COMMANDER ISLANDS)." In Сохранение биоразнообразия Камчатки и прилегающих морей. Петропавловск-Камчатский: Камчатпресс, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53657/9785961004038_208.

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Coupal, Brian, and Paula Bentham. "If You Build It, Will They Come? Caribou Habitat Restoration for Pipeline Projects." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33577.

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The federal Recovery Strategy for the Woodland Caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), Boreal Population in Canada, identifies coordinated actions to reclaim woodland caribou habitat as a key step to meeting current and future caribou population objectives. Actions include restoring industrial landscape features such as roads, seismic lines, pipelines, cut-lines, and cleared areas in an effort to reduce landscape fragmentation and the changes in caribou population dynamics associated with changing predator-prey dynamics in highly fragmented landscapes. Reliance on habitat restoration as a recovery action within the federal Recovery Strategy is high, identifying 65% undisturbed habitat in a caribou range as the threshold to providing a 60% chance that a local population will be self-sustaining. In alignment with the federal Recovery Strategy, Alberta’s Provincial Woodland Caribou Policy identifies habitat restoration as a critical component of long-term caribou habitat management. Habitat restoration initiatives of Alberta’s historical industrial footprint within caribou ranges began in 2001 and have largely focused on linear corridors, including pipelines. Initiatives include revegetation treatments, access control programs and studies, and restricting the growth of plant species that are favourable to moose and deer, the primary prey for wolves. Habitat restoration for pipelines also includes pre-construction planning to reduce disturbance and create line-of-sight breaks, and construction techniques that promote natural vegetation recovery. Lessons learned from habitat restoration programs implemented on pipeline projects in northeastern Alberta will be shared as an opportunity to improve common understanding of restoration techniques, the barriers to implementation, and potential outcomes.
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Reports on the topic "Rangifer tarandus"

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Joly, Kyle, and Matthew Cameron. Caribou vital sign annual report for the Arctic Network Inventory and Monitoring Program: September 2022?August 2023. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301773.

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Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) are an integral part of the ecological and cultural fabric of northwest Alaska. Western Arctic Herd (WAH) caribou roam over this entire region, including all 5 Arctic Network (ARCN) Inventory and Monitoring Program?s National Park units. Conservation of healthy caribou populations is specifically mentioned within the enabling legislation (Alaska National Interested Lands Conservation Act or ANILCA) for 3 of these park units and is of importance to subsistence hunters. Caribou are, by far, the most abundant large mammal in northwest Alaska and are famous for their long-distance migrations and large population oscillations. For these reasons, the ARCN parks chose WAH caribou as a Vital Sign for long-term monitoring. This report documents the monitoring results of this Vital Sign during its 14th year (September 2022?August 2023) of implementation. Results from the previous years of monitoring are also included for ease of comparison. Periodic syntheses of these data will be performed and reported on as appropriate. National Park Service (NPS) monitoring of the WAH is done in conjunction and cooperation with the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADFG). Thanks to a 2015 data sharing agreement, the report includes data funded by the ADFG dating back to September 2013. That particular year was chosen as it represents when the ADFG started deploying a substantial number of GPS collars on an 8-hour relocation schedule. Monitoring of the herd relies heavily on the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) radio telemetry collars that are capable of transmitting location data to a satellite. Given the extremely remote area that the WAH inhabits, this system provides the most efficient and accurate means to track individual caribou. These data are utilized to monitor the timing and location of migrations, as well as seasonal distributions of WAH caribou. Monitoring movement and the phenology of movement is perhaps the simplest means to track the influences of climate change, natural perturbations, development, and other potential impacts on a species?an analysis of which is outside the scope of this current report. This report also documents the NPS commitment and involvement with the WAH Working Group. The group is composed of important stakeholders including representatives for rural villages, sport hunters, conservationists, hunting guides, hunting transporters, and reindeer herders. In addition, all the agencies charged with managing the WAH, including the ADFG, NPS, US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and Bureau of Land Management (BLM), serve as advisors to the group. Information gathered by the Caribou Vital Sign monitoring program are intended to supplement and complement existing data streams gathered by the other cooperating agencies and will be important in future management decisions.
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