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Journal articles on the topic 'Raphides'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Osuji, Julian O., and Sarah C. Ihenko. "Comparative Morphology, Anatomy and Phytochemistry of Cyrtosperma senegalense (Schott) Engl. and Alocasia macrorrhizos L. (Araceae)." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (2023): 3862–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i103059.

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Morphological, anatomical and epidermal studies were carried out on two species of Araceae, Cyrtosperma senegalense (Schott) Engl. and Alocasia macrorrhizos L. to investigate the taxonomic value of their similarities and differences. Morphological features were visually observed. Fresh specimens were dehydrated, wax embedded, mounted, microscopically observed and micrographed. Basic similarities were found in their leaf shape, venation, inflorescence and spathe, seeded fruits, scattered vascular bundles, possession of aerenchyma, and presence of stomata on the abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces

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2

Pennisi, Svoboda V., Dennis B. McConnell, and Michael E. Kane. "559 Preferential Allocation and Inducible Calcium Sinks in Leaf Primordia of Dracaena sanderiana Hort. Sander ex M.T. Mast (Dracaenaceae)." HortScience 35, no. 3 (2000): 492B—492. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.492b.

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We induced preferential allocation of Ca to two calcium oxalate (CO) sinks in immature leaf tissues of D. sanderiana: subepidermal extracellular deposits and intracellular raphides. Allocation was affected by exogenous Ca levels. Two groups of rooted cuttings were termed Ca-deficient and non-deficient. The first group consisted of cuttings that had been deprived of Ca for 18 months, and, the second, cuttings rooted under standard horticultural conditions. All plants were grown in liquid medium supplemented with 100 ppm of potassium nitrate and subjected to 0, 3, or 7mm Ca from calcium acetate.

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3

Liu, Ying, Jin-Hong Dai, Qi-Yuan Zhuang, Chun-Yu Zou, and Kai-Nan Ma. "Resurrection of Perilimnastes (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae) with description of a new species P. nana." PhytoKeys 238 (February 1, 2024): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.238.116168.

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Recent research has indicated that the Phyllagathis (raphides) clade (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae) is only distantly related to the type of Phyllagathis and should be separated as a distinct genus. Phylogeny of this clade is here reconstructed with expanded taxon sampling. Four strongly supported subclades have been identified. The possible affinities of taxa that were not sampled in the analysis are discussed, based on morphological data. Perilimnastes is resurrected as the generic name of the Phyllagathis (raphides) clade. A generic description, colour figures, map of distribution, a list of

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4

Horner, Harry T., Marie-Stéphanie Samain, Sarah T. Wagner, and Stefan Wanke. "Towards uncovering evolution of lineage-specific calcium oxalate crystal patterns in Piperales." Botany 93, no. 3 (2015): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2014-0191.

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Piperales is among the largest and most diverse angiosperm orders (>4000 species), occurring broadly in tropical and temperate habitats. Twenty-four of the species from 12 genera, representing all lineages of Piperales, except the holoparasitic Hydnoraceae, display a mixture of leaf calcium oxalate crystal types found in previous studies of the two genera of Piperaceae subfamily Piperoideae (Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. and Piper L.). Crystal macropatterns, a result of varying leaf anatomies and diverse habitats, are investigated in a comparative way by using clearings and recent molecular phy

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5

Liu, Ying, Jin-Hong Dai, Qi-Yuan Zhuang, Chun-Yu Zou, and Kai-Nan Ma. "Resurrection of Perilimnastes (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae) with description of a new species P. nana." PhytoKeys 238 (February 1, 2024): 11–31. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.238.116168.

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Recent research has indicated that the <i>Phyllagathis</i> (raphides) clade (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae) is only distantly related to the type of <i>Phyllagathis</i> and should be separated as a distinct genus. Phylogeny of this clade is here reconstructed with expanded taxon sampling. Four strongly supported subclades have been identified. The possible affinities of taxa that were not sampled in the analysis are discussed, based on morphological data. <i>Perilimnastes</i> is resurrected as the generic name of the <i>Phyllagathis</i> (raphides) clade. A generic description, colour figures, ma

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6

CRISTOBO, JAVIER, BRUNO ALMÓN, JACINTO PÉREZ, and PILAR RÍOS. "A new species of the genus Biemna Gray, 1867 (Porifera: Biemnidae) from shallow waters of the Northwestern Iberian coasts." Zootaxa 5446, no. 1 (2024): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5446.1.7.

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The genus Biemna currently includes fifty-eight valid species distributed worldwide with a wide depth range. In this paper, we describe a new species of this genus, Biemna begonae sp. nov., collected by scuba diving in two different locations on the Galician coast (NW Spain). The typical skeleton of this group is composed by megascleres arranged in a plumose or plumoreticulate fashion, with ectosomal skeleton constituted by brushes of choanosomal tracts and microscleres, including sigmata, commata and raphides. The habitus of the new species is a hemispherical cushion-shaped with numerous tubu

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7

Storey, Richard, R. Gareth Wyn Jones, Daniel P. Schachtman, and Michael T. Treeby. "Calcium-accumulating cells in the meristematic region of grapevine root apices." Functional Plant Biology 30, no. 6 (2003): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp02212.

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Apical roots of grapevines were examined by cryo-SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and the intracellular distribution of Ca was demonstrated by X-ray microanalysis in different regions of the primary root. We show that large amounts of Ca are accumulated as raphide crystals in the vacuoles of specialised cortical cells (idioblast cells) of the root apex. These crystal idioblast cells appeared to form a discontinuous cone of cells in the outer region of the root meristem. The raphide crystals within these cells were less apparent in older regions of the root, 10–12 mm basipetal to the root tip

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8

Mantovani, André, and Thaís Estefani Pereira. "COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF LEAF AND SPATHE OF NINE SPECIES OF ANTHURIUM (SECTION UROSPADIX; SUBSECTION FLAVESCENTIVIRIDIA) (ARACEAE) AND THEIR DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL FOR TAXONOMY." Rodriguésia 56, no. 88 (2005): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-78602005568810.

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ABSTRACT Leaf and spathe anatomy of seven species and two varieties of the genus Anthurium (section Urospadix; subsection Flavescentiviridia) were analyzed. Plant material was collected from different locations in Brazil and cultivated under identical glasshouse conditions in the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden. Our attempt is to evaluate the diagnostic potential of leaf and spathe anatomy for taxonomic purposes. Leaves presented smooth cuticle, polygonal epidermal cells randomly disposed in paradermal view, periclinal divisions of epidermal cells in transversal view, non-raised stomata, colle

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9

ZONA, S. "Raphides in Palm Embryos and their Systematic Distribution." Annals of Botany 93, no. 4 (2004): 415–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mch060.

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10

Bradbury, J. Howard, and Roger W. Nixon. "The acridity of raphides from the edible aroids." Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 76, no. 4 (1998): 608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199804)76:4<608::aid-jsfa996>3.0.co;2-2.

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11

Pennisi, Svoboda V., and Dennis B. McConnell. "Inducible Calcium Sinks and Preferential Calcium Allocation in Leaf Primordia of Dracaena sanderiana Hort. Sander ex M.T. Mast. (Dracaenaceae)." HortScience 36, no. 7 (2001): 1187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.36.7.1187.

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The effect of 0, 3, and 7 mm Ca2+ on the allocation and deposition of Ca2+ into intracellular and sub-cuticular periplasmic calcium oxalate (CO) crystals was examined in leaf primordia of rooted cuttings of Dracaena sanderiana Hort. Sander ex M.T. Mast. Crystal development was monitored in two types of cuttings, those rooted in deionized water for 18 months and those rooted in Metro Mix 500 for 6 weeks. Response differed remarkably depending on the type of cutting. Cuttings rooted in deionized water deposited sub-cuticular crystals at the expense of intracellular crystals (raphides). The numbe

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12

Kolyva, Foteini, Dimosthenis Nikolopoulos, Panagiota Bresta, Georgios Liakopoulos, George Karabourniotis, and Sophia Rhizopoulou. "Acclimation of the Grapevine Vitis vinifera L. cv. Assyrtiko to Water Deficit: Coordination of Structural and Functional Leaf Traits and the Dynamic of Calcium Oxalate Crystals." Plants 12, no. 23 (2023): 3992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12233992.

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Grapevine leaves contain abundant CaOx crystals located either within the mesophyll in the form of raphides, or in the bundle sheaths as druses. CaOx crystals function as internal carbon pools providing CO2 for a baseline level of photosynthesis, named “alarm photosynthesis”, despite closed stomata; thus, preventing the photoinhibition and the oxidative risk due to carbon starvation under adverse conditions. Structural and functional leaf traits of acclimated grapevine plants (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Assyrtiko) were investigated in response to water availability, in order to evaluate the dynamic

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13

Arora, Anubha. "A preliminary phytochemical survey of plant species of family apocynaceae." Environment Conservation Journal 11, no. 3 (2010): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2010.110313.

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A Phytochemical screeing of alkaloids , leucoanthocyanine,steroids or triterpenoids , tannins, flavonoids, saponins , raphides , glycosides etc. was carried out on leaf samples of family Apocynaceae plants. All plant materials were collected during the period 2008 from Meerut District, all plant species belonging to the family Apocynaceae.

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14

Martínez-Cabrera, Dorismilda, Teresa Terrazas, Helga Ochoterena, and Lauro López-Mata. "Bark and wood anatomy of the Tribe Hamelieae (Rubiaceae)." IAWA Journal 31, no. 4 (2010): 425–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000033.

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We studied wood and bark anatomy of six (Deppea, Hamelia, Hoffmannia, Omiltemia, Pinarophyllon, and Plocaniophyllon) of the seven genera of the tribe Hamelieae sensu Robbrecht, and Syringantha with as main purposes to determine if there are characters that support the boundaries of the Hamelieae, to evaluate the status of Syringantha as a member of the Hamelieae, and to evaluate the taxonomic position of Hamelieae within the subfamilies Rubioideae or Cinchonoideae. In addition, we studied for comparative purposes representative species of Psychotria (Psychotrieae, Rubioideae), Exostema, and Hi

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15

AROGUNDADE, Oluwabunmi O., and Olubukola ADEDEJI. "Comparative Foliar and Petiole Anatomy of Some Members of the Genus Dieffenbachia Schott in the Family Araceae." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 9, no. 1 (2017): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb9110022.

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This study provides detailed information of the anatomical attributes of the epidermis and the three regions of the petiole of four members of the genus Dieffenbachia Schott. Fresh samples of the leaves of Dieffenbachia picta Schott, Dieffenbachia oerstedii Schott, Dieffenbachia senguine (Jacq) Schott and Dieffenbachia senguine cultivar ‘Candida’ Schott were used. Epidermal peels and transverse sections were made following standard procedures. Generic characters revealed uniform epidermal cell shape on the abaxial surface, wavy to undulating and straight to wavy anticlinal wall patterns on the

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16

Dai, Jin-Hong, Truong Van Do, and Ying Liu. "Four new species of Perilimnastes (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae) from Vietnam." PhytoKeys 235 (November 3, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.235.112133.

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Perilimnastes is a genus currently treated in the polyphyletic Phyllagathis. Recent phylogenomic analyses have identified a morphologically cohesive lineage referred to as the Phyllagathis (raphides) clade, which should be excluded from Phyllagathis and treated as a distinct genus under the name Perilimnastes. Morphological and phylogenomic data have confirmed that four new species collected from Vietnam are part of the Phyllagathis (raphides) clade. They are described herein as Perilimnastes multisepala, P. setipetiola, P. uniflora, and P. banaensis. Perilimnastes multisepala is phylogenetica

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17

Neto, M. A. M., A. C. Conceicao, A. S. Mendes, R. C. L. Costa, and A. K. S. Lobato. "Accumulation of Raphides Crystals in Euterpe oleracea Mart. Embryo." Research Journal of Botany 4, no. 1 (2009): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjb.2009.40.47.

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18

Ríos, Pilar, and Javier Cristobo. "A new species of Biemna (Porifera: Poecilosclerida) from Antarctica: Biemna strongylota." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86, no. 5 (2006): 949–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315406013919.

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A new species of Biemna, Biemnastrongylota sp. nov. is described from Antarctica. The new species is compared to other Antarctic species of Biemna, B. chilensis and B. macrorhaphis from which it differs in that it possesses strongyle megascleres, instead of styles, and of the microsclere complement which includes microxeas, raphides and two categories of sigmata.

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19

CARVALHO, MARIANA DE S., and EDUARDO HAJDU. "Dragmaxia anomala sp.n. (Demospongiae: Halichondrida) from the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil)." Zootaxa 400, no. 1 (2004): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.400.1.1.

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A new species of Dragmaxia Hallmann, 1916 is described from the northern sector of the S o Paulo state coastline (Brazil), in the Tropical southwestern Atlantic. The new species, Dragmaxia anomala sp.n., differs from the other species of the genus, viz. D. variabilis (Whitelegge, 1907) and D. undata Alvarez et al., 1998, due to its raphides which are not acanthose.

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20

Hartl, Walter P., Helmut Klapper, Bruno Barbier, et al. "Diversity of calcium oxalate crystals in Cactaceae." Canadian Journal of Botany 85, no. 5 (2007): 501–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b07-046.

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The occurrence of various types of calcium oxalate crystals was studied in 251 species and subspecies of Cactaceae to determine whether they are useful characters for Cactaceae systematics. Crystal hydration states were identified by X-ray powder diffraction and polarizing microscopy as monoclinic calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) and tetragonal calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD). Ninety-eight percent of taxa studied contained either COM or COD crystals, or both. Different morphologies of crystals were further defined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy as druses, raphides, stylo

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21

Ambwani, K. "Investigations on a fossil agavaceous axis from Neyveli Lignite, Tamil Nadu, India." Journal of Palaeosciences 48, no. (1-3) (1999): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54991/jop.1999.1308.

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Further anatomical observations on a fossil agavaceous axis from Neyveli lignite Mine-I, Neyveli, Tamil Nadu show the presence of anomalous secondary growth with amphivasal vascular bundles as well as other cell inclusions such as raphides. Simple perforation in the fossil vessel end plates suggests an advanced character of the plant. The Association of monosulcate reticulate pollen (cf. Liliacidites) in the same axis further supports its affinities with Liliaceae.

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22

Alwe, Lekha, and Sagar Gavas. "In Vitro evaluation of anti-urolithiatic activity of Piper betle L." International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 15, no. 1 (2024): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v15i1.4418.

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Urolithiasis or kidney stone is the most frequently occurring urinary disorders seen all over the world. They are saturated crystals formed due to the minerals present in the urine. It majorly comprises calcium oxalate, uric acid and phosphate crystals. The phosphate crystals, known as struvite, are formed due to the urinary tract infections. Although there are various synthetic medications, the use of traditional medicines / plants has been a promising method to treat kidney stones. To investigate the antiurolithiatic potential of traditional plant - Piper betle, the aqueous extract of Piper

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23

Cao, Hui, Hui Cao, Dennis B. McConnell, and Jianjun Chen*. "Types and Location of Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Dieffen-bachia Cultivars." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 835C—835. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.835c.

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The irritant effect of Dieffenbachia sap is attributed to protelytic enxymes but calcium oxalate crystals are considered to puncture cells and allow enzyme entrance. To date, no detailed study of the location, type, or frequency of calcium oxalate crystals in Dieffenbachia species or cultivars has been undertaken. To do so, three uniform tissue culture plantlets of Dieffenbachia `Carina',`Rebecca' or `Star Bright' were transpanted into 15 cm pots, grown in a shaded greenhouse under 385 μmol·m-2·s-1 and fertigated with 20 N-8.7 P-16.6 K water-soluble fertilizer at N concentrations of 200 mg·L-1

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24

Ekeke, Chimezie, Chinedum Alozie Oagzie, and Josephine Agogbua. "Comparative morphoanatomical studies of south eastern Nigerian representatives of Oldenlandia L. (Rubiaceae)." Scientia Africana 20, no. 2 (2021): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sa.v20i2.10.

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Leaf and stem anatomical structure of the four Oldenlandia L. (O. affinis (Roem. & Schult.) DC., O. corymbosa L., O. herbacea (Linn.) Roxb., and O. lancifolia (Schumach) DC.) from some parts viz. Ogbokor (Edo State), Obiga-Asa (Abia State), IITA staion Onne (Rivers State), and Agricultural farm Uniport (Rivers State) Nigeria were examined by light microscopy. The epidermal cells are pentagonal to polygonal with straight, curved or wavy anticlinal walls, and paracytic stomata. All the species have dorsiventral leaf with the leaf vein vascular bundles embedded in the spongy mesophyll. The mi

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25

Viswanathan, M. B., and U. Manikandan. "A NEW SPECIES OF HEDYOTIS (RUBIACEAE) FROM INDIA." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 65, no. 3 (2008): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428608004897.

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A new species of Rubiaceae, Hedyotis kottangathattiensis M.B.Viswan. & U.Manik., is described from the Kalakkad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve in the Agastyamalai hills of the southwestern Ghats in South India. Hedyotis kottangathattiensis is allied to Hedyotis barberi (Gamble) Henry & Subram. but differs in its branching, leaf shape and colour, the presence of raphides, the colour and shape of the stipules, the inflorescence structure, calyx lobe shape, corolla lobe shape and colour, and capsule shape. A conservation status is proposed.

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26

Dai, Jin-Hong, Do Truong Van, and Ying Liu. "Four new species of Perilimnastes (Sonerileae, Melastomataceae) from Vietnam." PhytoKeys 235 (November 3, 2023): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.235.112133.

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<i>Perilimnastes</i> is a genus currently treated in the polyphyletic <i>Phyllagathis</i>. Recent phylogenomic analyses have identified a morphologically cohesive lineage referred to as the <i>Phyllagathis</i> (raphides) clade, which should be excluded from <i>Phyllagathis</i> and treated as a distinct genus under the name <i>Perilimnastes</i>. Morphological and phylogenomic data have confirmed that four new species collected from Vietnam are part of the <i>Phyllagathis</i> (raphides) clade. They are described herein as <i>Perilimnastes multisepala</i>, <i>P. setipetiola</i>, <i>P. uniflora</i

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27

Konno, Kotaro, Takashi A. Inoue, and Masatoshi Nakamura. "Synergistic Defensive Function of Raphides and Protease through the Needle Effect." PLoS ONE 9, no. 3 (2014): e91341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091341.

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28

Watson, John, Roderick Jones, Alicia Siston, et al. "Outbreak of Food-borne Illness Associated with Plant Material Containing Raphides." Clinical Toxicology 43, no. 1 (2005): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/clt-200044721.

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Watson, John T., Roderick C. Jones, Alicia M. Siston, et al. "Outbreak of Food-borne Illness Associated with Plant Material Containing Raphides." Clinical Toxicology 43, no. 1 (2005): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/clt-44721.

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Prince, Jeffrey S. "Raphides in the Uncalcified Siphonous Green Seaweed,Codium minus(Schmidt) P. C. Silva." Journal of Marine Biology 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/382498.

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The vacuole of utricles, the outermost cell layer of the siphonous green seaweed,Codium minus, had numerous single needles and needle bundles. The crystals composing each needle appeared arranged in a twisted configuration, both ends were pointed, and each needle was contained in a matrix or membrane; bundles of needles appeared enclosed by a matrix. Chemical and electron diffraction analysis indicated that the needles consisted of calcium oxalate. This is the first paper on terrestrial plant-like raphides in an alga.

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Loy, Thomas H., Matthew Spriggs, and Stephen Wickler. "Direct evidence for human use of plants 28,000 years ago: starch residues on stone artefacts from the northern Solomon Islands." Antiquity 66, no. 253 (1992): 898–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00044811.

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The excavation of Kilu Cave and the discovery of a Pleistocene prehistory for the Solomon Islands have already been reported in ANTIQUITY by Wickler & Spriggs (62: 703–6). Residue analysis of stone artefacts from the site now provides the earliest direct evidence for the prehistoric use of root vegetables, in the form of starch grains and crystalline raphides identifiable to genus. The direct microscopic identification of starch grains opens new avenues for the study of the plant component of human diets in the distant past.

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MÁCOLA, ROSA, ELIELTON NASCIMENTO, ULISSES PINHEIRO, ELIZABETH NEVES, and RODRIGO JOHNSSON. "Four new species of Mycale (Porifera: Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) from the Southwest Atlantic." Zootaxa 5627, no. 3 (2025): 401–30. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5627.3.1.

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Four new species of Mycale Gray, 1867 are described in shallow water environments from northeastern Brazil: Mycale (Zygomycale) odoya sp. nov., Mycale (Naviculina) oxeata sp. nov., Mycale (Paresperella) policuspidifera sp. nov. and Mycale (M.) salvadorensis sp. nov. The studied specimens were collected at Todos-os-Santos Bay, Bahia State, Brazil. They are preserved in 80% ethanol and deposited in the Porifera Collections at the Department of Zoology (UFPEPOR), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco and Museum of the Natural History of Bahia (UFBA), Universidade Federal da Bahia. Mycale (Z.) odoya

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Matsumoto, Tracie K., David T. Webb, and Adelheid R. Kuehnle. "Histology and Origin of Somatic Embryos Derived from Anthurium andraeanum Linden ex André Lamina." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121, no. 3 (1996): 404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.3.404.

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Histological analysis of somatic embryos derived from in vitro-grown lamina of Anthurium andraeanumshowed bipolarity with the presence of shoot and root poles connected by procambium. Vascular connections between the explant and somatic embryos were not observed. Storage of proteins, starch and raphides as well as a suspensor-like structure and an epidermis were observed in the somatic embryos. Origin of the somatic embryos was from a proembryonic cell complex or possibly from a single cell by direct embryogenesis. Both modes of somatic embryogenesis arose from the mesophyll.

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Monje, Paula V., and Enrique J. Baran. "Characterization of Calcium Oxalate Biominerals in Some (Non-Cactaceae) Succulent Plant Species." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 65, no. 7-8 (2010): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2010-7-801.

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The water-accumulating leaves of crassulacean acid metabolism plants belonging to five different families were investigated for the presence of biominerals by infrared spectroscopic and microscopic analyses. Spectroscopic results revealed that the mineral present in succulent species of Agavaceae, Aizoaceae, and Asphodelaceae was calcium oxalate monohydrate (whewellite, CaC2O4 · H2O). Crystals were predominantly found as raphides or solitary crystals of various morphologies. However, representative Crassulaceae members and a succulent species of Asteraceae did not show the presence of biominer

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35

Balachandar, Mayakrishnan, Ravichandran Koshila Ravi, Kandhasamy Nagaraj, and Thangavelu Muthukumar. "Vegetative anatomy and mycorrhizal morphology of Schoenorchis nivea (Lindl.) Schltr., (Orchidaceae) and their adaptive significance." Acta Biologica Szegediensis 63, no. 1 (2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/abs.2019.1.1-13.

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The anatomical description of the vegetative parts (leaf, leaf sheath, stem and root) and mycorrhizal morphology of Schoenorchis nivea (Lindl.) Schltr., belonging to the subfamily Epidendroideae of Orchidaceae was investigated. Leaves were amphistomatic covered by 10-12 μm thick cuticle, stomata paracytic with small and irregular substomatal chambers. Mesophyll homogenous, composed of thin-walled chlorenchymatous cells. Banded water-storage cells abundant in the mesophyll and the largest vascular bundle occurred at the centre of the leaf. The leaf sheath has both adaxial and abaxial epidermis

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Santos, Igor Soares dos, and Marcos José da Silva. "Anatomy and Histochemistry of the Vegetative System of Brachystele guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. (Orchidaceae), a Potential Medicinal Species." Plants 12, no. 14 (2023): 2635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12142635.

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The orchid genus Brachystele Schltr. (Orchidoideae, Cranichideae, Spiranthinae) comprises 20 species distributed from Mexico to Argentina, with 10 species found in Brazil. Anatomical studies of Orchidoideae Lindl. have been scarce, and the anatomy and histochemistry of Brachystele are still largely unknown. In this study, we conducted a characterization of the vegetative organs of B. guayanensis (Lindl.) Schltr. using standard anatomical and histochemical microtechniques. In this study, we provide the first information about the anatomy and histochemistry of Brachystele. The studied species wa

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CORNEJO, XAVIER, TOM CROAT, and GABRIEL TELLO-HIDALGO. "Dracontium fuscopunctatum (Araceae): A striking new species from southeastern Ecuador." Phytotaxa 687, no. 2 (2025): 295–300. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.687.2.8.

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Dracontium fuscopunctatum, a new species of Araceae—Lasioideae—Dracontieae from the lower montane forest at the eastern Andean slopes, in the province of Morona Santiago, southeastern Ecuador, is here described and illustrated. It is characterized by the tubercles produced on top of tubers within a depression with thickened raised-margins. The new species is also characterized by leaf blades with veins sulcate and scattered tufts with glandular trichomes adaxially, prominent black glands abaxially, inflorescence with a large spathe that has punctuations to short dark strikes at base and abunda

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Francis, Victoria. "Twenty Interesting Points: An Analysis of Bone Artefacts from Platypus Rockshelter." Queensland Archaeological Research 13 (December 1, 2002): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/qar.13.2002.68.

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<p>While bone artefacts have been largely ignored in Australian archaeology, a wide range of functions for this artefact type are noted ethnographically. Twenty bone artefacts from Platypus Rockshelter, southeast Queensland, were used to test the applicability of residue analysis for functional assessment of archaeological bone artefacts. Analysis produced both predicted and unexpected results when compared with the known range of functions and results from other studies at this site. Plant and animal residues were observed on the artefacts, ranging from blood and collagen to starch raph

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Arnott, Howard J., and Mary Alice Webb. "Twinned Raphides of Calcium Oxalate in Grape (Vitis): Implications for Crystal Stability and Function." International Journal of Plant Sciences 161, no. 1 (2000): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/314230.

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Traquair, J. A. "Backscattered electron imaging as a tool for histochemically localizing calcium oxalate with the scanning electron microscope." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 5 (1987): 888–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-122.

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The scanning electron microscope and a backscattered electron detector were used for the first time to identify calcium oxalate in leaf tissues after labelling crystals with silver. Freehand sections fixed in formalin – acetic acid – alcohol or glutaraldehyde were treated with 5% acetic acid to remove background calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate and were silver stained by calcium-substitution techniques. Two standard staining techniques, Pizzolato (AgNO3–H2O2) and Yasue (AgNO3 – rubeanic acid) tests, were compared. Druses and raphides were identified morphologically and histochemically i

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OTT, B., H. M. REISWIG, N. McDANIEL, and R. HARBO. "New Species of Lissodendoryx Topsent, 1892 (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Coelosphaeridae) and Myxilla Schmidt, 1862 (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Myxillidae) from the Northeast Pacific." Zootaxa 4700, no. 1 (2019): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4700.1.1.

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Collections of sponges by the late Dr. William C. Austin and the authors (N. McDaniel, R. Harbo and B. Ott) provided material for descriptions of new species from two genera of Poecilosclerida for shallow waters of Southern British Columbia, Canada and Northern Washington, USA: Lissodendoryx and Myxilla. There have been no new species of these two genera described for the Northeast Pacific since Laubenfels’ work in central California (Laubenfels 1930, 1932) and Lambe’s reports in 1893 to 1895 for Geological Survey of Canada sponge collections from British Columbia, Canada to the Bering Sea. We

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Tu, Chang, Mingjia Zhang, Mingyu Wu, Minfeng Liu, and Wenshan Ke. "Main active constituents and mechanism of toxicity of raphides from Arisaema erubescens against Oncomelania hupensis." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 282 (September 2024): 116728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116728.

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Sefa-Dedeh, Samuel, and Emmanuel Kofi-Agyir Sackey. "Starch structure and some properties of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium and Colocasia esculenta) starch and raphides." Food Chemistry 79, no. 4 (2002): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-8146(02)00194-2.

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PRYCHID, C. J. "Systematic Significance of Cell Inclusions in Haemodoraceae and Allied Families: Silica Bodies and Tapetal Raphides." Annals of Botany 92, no. 4 (2003): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcg172.

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Li, Xiuli, Wenjun Zhang, Jianwei Lu, et al. "Templated Biomineralization on Self-Assembled Protein Nanofibers Buried in Calcium Oxalate Raphides of Musa spp." Chemistry of Materials 26, no. 12 (2014): 3862–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm501613w.

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Machado, Nelson Santana de Oliveira, Flaviane Gomes Pereira, Paulo Roberto Dias dos Santos, Cecília Gonçalves Costa, and Elsie Franklin Guimarães. "Comparative anatomy of the leaves of Piper lepturum(Kunth) C.DC. var. lepturum and Piper lepturum var. angustifolium (C.DC.) Yunck." Hoehnea 42, no. 1 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-21/2013.

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This study showed anatomical differences related to Piper lepturumvar. lepturum and P. lepturum var. angustifolium species, sometimes considered varieties and in other cases synonyms. For histological analysis, fully expanded leaves were collected and for analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fragments from the midrib were fixed on both leaf surfaces. The two species revealed differences in plant anatomy and it was observed that the stem of P. lepturum var. lepturum showed persistent wings and papillary epidermal cells, and these characters are absent in P. lepturum var. angustifoliu

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Zhao, Xin Wei, and Hui Zhi Hao. "The Characteristic of Algal Reef Carbonate Sedimentary and Pore Structure in the Xisha Islands: Evidence from Halimeda." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 3291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.3291.

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Halimeda is an important reef-building green alga. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrum tests on green and white Halimeda collected from Shidao Island in the Xisha Islands show that carbonate is predominantly deposited in the cortexes and medullas, especially in the aragonite raphides of them, as the case of calcium carbonate. These modern carbonate sediments are then compared with their ancient counterparts that are collected from Xichen-1 well in the Yongle Atoll, where a large number of Halimeda segments have been recognized in about 100-m-long late Miocene-middle Miocene

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NASCIMENTO, ELIELTON, and ULISSES PINHEIRO. "A new species of Desmacella Schmidt, 1870 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Desmacellidae) from the Northeast region of Brazil." Zootaxa 5190, no. 1 (2022): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5190.1.7.

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Desmacella is a Desmacellidae characterized by monactinal megascleres, arranged in plumose bundles; microscleres are sigmas and raphides; the latter may be absent (Hajud & Van Soest 2002). Thirty species are known worldwide, of which 19 occur in the Atlantic Ocean and three on the Brazilian coast: Desmacella annexa Schmidt, 1870; D. microsigmata, Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2015; D. tylovariabilis, Cavalcanti, Santos & Pinheiro, 2015 (de Voogd et al. 2022; Muricy 2022). In this paper, a new species of Desmacella from the Northeast region of Brazil is described. The material exam

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HUGUENIN, LARISSA, SULA SALANI, MAIRA F. LOPES, RODOLPHO M. ALBANO, EDUARDO HAJDU, and EDUARDO LEAL ESTEVES. "Integrative taxonomy of Hemimycale (Hymedesmiidae: Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae) from Southeastern Brazil, with the description of two new species." Zootaxa 4442, no. 1 (2018): 137–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4442.1.7.

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Two new species of Hemimycale from Southeastern Brazil are described in this study with the use of morphological and molecular data. Hemimycale oxeata sp. nov. is orange salmon colored in life and has unique oxeote like tornote spicules in addition to the typical (subtylo-)strongyles of the genus. Hemimycale ceadensis sp. nov. is reddish orange in life and has raised, tiny pore sieves, and subtylostrongyles with asymmetrical ends and raphides as microscleres. The diagnosis of the genus Hemimycale was slightly modified for the inclusion of the new species. Maximum-Likelihood analyses of 18S rRN

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Carlquist, Sherwin. "Wood and Stem Anatomy of Petiveria and Rivina (Caryophyllales); Systematic Implications." IAWA Journal 19, no. 4 (1998): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000659.

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Petiveria and Rivina have been placed by various authors close to each other within Phytolaccaceae; widely separated from each other but both within Phytolaccaceae; and within a segregate family (Rivinaceae) but still within the order Caryophyllales. Wood of these monotypic genera proves to be alike in salient qualitative and even quantitative features, including presence of a second cambium, vessel morphology and pit size, nonbordered perforation plates, vasicentric axial parenchyma type, fiber-tracheids with vestigially bordered pits and starch contents, narrow multiseriate rays plus a few u

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