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Journal articles on the topic 'Rare earth metals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Djuraev, Davron Rakhmonovich, and Mokhigul Madiyorovna Jamilova. "Physical Properties Of Rare Earth Elements." American Journal of Applied sciences 03, no. 01 (2021): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume03issue01-13.

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The article studies the physical properties of rare earth metals, pays special attention to their unique properties, studies the main aspects of the application of rare earth metals in industry. Also, the structure and stability of various forms of sesquioxides of rare earth elements, in particular, europium, as well as the effect of the method of oxide preparation on its structure and properties are considered. The analysis of the ongoing phase transformations of rare earth metals is made. The article emphasizes the use of correct choices to achieve a large technical and economic effect when

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2

Giacalone, Joseph A. "The Market For The "Not-So-Rare" Rare Earth Elements." Journal of International Energy Policy (JIEP) 1, no. 1 (2012): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jiep.v1i1.7013.

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This paper examines the market for the Rare earth elements. These are comprised of 17 elements of the periodic table which include 15 elements from the group known as lanthanides and two additional elements known as scandium and yttrium. The metals are often found combined together in ores and must be separated into its individual elements. The fact is that rare earth metals are not rare in terms of the quantity present in the earths crust. However, the metals are less concentrated than other more common metals and the extraction and separation processes necessitate high research and developme

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3

Nickels, Liz. "Reclaiming rare earth metals." Metal Powder Report 75, no. 4 (2020): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mprp.2019.12.003.

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4

Tárnok, Attila. "Counting rare earth metals." Cytometry Part A 103, no. 8 (2023): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.24784.

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5

Johansson, Börje, Lars Nordström, Olle Eriksson, and M. S. S. Brooks. "Magnetism in Rare-Earth Metals and Rare-Earth Intermetallic Compounds." Physica Scripta T39 (January 1, 1991): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1991/t39/014.

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6

Matakova, Rema, and K. Sagadieva. "Electrochemistry of rare earth metals." Chemical Bulletin of Kazakh National University, no. 2 (May 15, 2012): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.15328/chemb_2012_2114-124.

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7

Kurysheva, V. V., E. A. Ivanova, and P. E. Prokhorva. "Extractants for rare earth metals." Chimica Techno Acta 3, no. 2 (2016): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/chimtech.2016.3.2.008.

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8

Netzer, F. P., and J. A. D. Matthew. "Surfaces of rare earth metals." Reports on Progress in Physics 49, no. 6 (1986): 621–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/49/6/001.

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9

Silver, G. L. "Reactions of Rare Earth Metals." Journal of Chemical Education 72, no. 10 (1995): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed072p956.1.

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10

Isshiki, Minoru. "Purification of rare earth metals." Vacuum 47, no. 6-8 (1996): 885–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-207x(96)00087-5.

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11

M., A. ZAYED, S. RIZK M., KHALIFA H., and F. OMER W. "Use of EDTA for Potentiometric Back-titration of Rare Earths and Analysis of their Mixtures." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 64, Jan 1987 (1987): 49–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6196437.

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Advantage was taken of the stoichiometric reaction between mercury(n), rare earths, alkaline earths, heavy metal ions and EDTA in urotropine buffered media to determine rare earths by back-titration of excess EDT A in the course or estimating a variety or lanthanides or anal) sing their binary mixture with one of the alkalise earth metals by selective control of pH; or analysing their binary mixtures with heavy metals using fluoride as a good m sking agent for rare earths ; or analysing their ternary mixtures with both heavy and alkaline earth metals in two steps, one by selecti

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12

Giacalone, Joseph A., and Genai Greenidge. "China, The World Trade Organization, And The Market For Rare Earth Minerals." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 12, no. 3 (2013): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v12i3.7669.

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Rare earth elements (also referred to as rare earth minerals, rare earth metals, green elements, rare earths or simply REEs) are comprised of 17 elements of the periodic table. The metals are often found combined together in ores and must be separated into its individual elements. On the supply side of the market, China is currently the largest producer of rare earth elements in the world, mining at least 90% of total world production. Consequently, many countries around the world rely on imports of these REEs to facilitate production of the various systems and products that are dependent on t

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13

Ragnarsdóttir, Kristín Vala. "Rare metals getting rarer." Nature Geoscience 1, no. 11 (2008): 720–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo302.

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14

Liu, Hang, Yao Zhang, Yikun Luan, Huimin Yu, and Dianzhong Li. "Research Progress in Preparation and Purification of Rare Earth Metals." Metals 10, no. 10 (2020): 1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10101376.

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The purity of rare earth metals is one of the most important factors to research and develop high technique materials. However, high purity rare earth metals are not easily achieved. This review summarizes the preparation and purification methods of rare earth metals. First, the preparation principle and process of molten salt electrolysis and metal thermal reduction are introduced. The main sources of metallic impurities and interstitial impurities in rare earth metals as well as the action mechanism of reducing the concentration of different impurities are analyzed and summarized. Then, the

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15

Ning, Yuantao. "Alloying and Strengthening Effects of Rare Earths in Palladium." Platinum Metals Review 46, no. 3 (2002): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1595/003214002x463108115.

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The effect of adding small amounts of rare earth elements to Palladium is to strengthen the Palladium. These strengthening effects are discussed here, based on known phase diagrams of Palladium-rare earths, Palladium-rare earth alloying behaviour and atomic (or ionic) size effects. The Solid solubilities of the rare earths in Palladium, transition temperatures of various intermediate phases and eutectic temperature in these systems are influenced by the ionic (or atomic) size of the rare earth elements. A parameter, Hs, the product of the relative difference in atomic weights and the relative

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16

Chernyi, S. A. "Secondary Resources of Rare Еarth Мetals". Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, № 9 (2020): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-9-44-50.

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The article provides an overview of the main existing methods for recycling rare earth metals from various types of waste. It was noted that the demand for rare-earth metals is increasing annually due to the growth of advanced technologies, mainly in the sectors of electronics, power engineering and photonics. It has been established that in countries producing final products of high processing, the chemical-technological processes of processing goods that have worked out their life cycle, and, first of all, fluorescent lamps, NdFeB magnets from electronic devices, and nickel-metal hydride (Ni

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17

Nagrani, Monika, and Dharamveer Singh. "Surface Hypothesis of Adsorption with Respect to Rare Earth Metals." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 11, no. 7 (2022): 1827–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr22727102754.

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18

Akanova, G. Zh, A. G. Ismailova, and D. Kh Kamysbayev. "Separation methods of rare earth metals." Vestnik KazNRTU 141, no. 5 (2020): 749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.51301/vest.su.2020.v141.i5.126.

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19

Troshin, A., and A. Borukhovich. "Rare earth metals and new physics." Nanoindustry Russia, no. 6 (2015): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2015.60.6.42.49.

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20

Wackett, Lawrence P. "Microbial extraction of rare earth metals." Microbial Biotechnology 15, no. 4 (2022): 1296–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.14055.

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21

Lyubov, D. M., and A. A. Trifonov. "Polyhydride Complexes of Rare-Earth Metals." INEOS OPEN 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32931/io2001r.

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22

Lyubov, D. M., and A. A. Trifonov. "Benzyl complexes of rare earth metals." Russian Chemical Bulletin 73, no. 6 (2024): 1497–540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-024-4271-1.

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23

Bochkarev, Mikhail N. "Arene complexes of rare-earth metals." Russian Chemical Reviews 69, no. 9 (2000): 783–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rc2000v069n09abeh000601.

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24

Vajda, P., and J. N. Daou. "Lattice defects in rare-earth metals." Philosophical Magazine A 63, no. 5 (1991): 883–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418619108213922.

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25

Stirling, W. G., K. A. McEwen, and C. K. Loong. "Intermultiplet Transitions in Rare-Earth Metals." Physica B+C 136, no. 1-3 (1986): 420–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4363(86)80107-3.

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26

Yakovkin, I. N. "Valence of “divalent” rare earth metals." Applied Surface Science 256, no. 15 (2010): 4845–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.01.114.

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27

Blyth, R. I. R., R. Cosso, S. S. Dhesi, et al. "Surface structure of rare earth metals." Surface Science Letters 251-252 (July 1991): A354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2584(91)90958-t.

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28

Blyth, R. I. R., R. Cosso, S. S. Dhesi, et al. "Surface structure of rare earth metals." Surface Science 251-252 (July 1991): 722–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0039-6028(91)91086-d.

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29

Hachiya, Kan, and Yasuhiko Ito. "Interatomic potentials for rare-earth metals." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 11, no. 34 (1999): 6543–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/11/34/306.

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30

Campbell, Gary A. "Rare earth metals: a strategic concern." Mineral Economics 27, no. 1 (2014): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13563-014-0043-y.

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31

Wang, Shijie. "Rare Earth Metals: Resourcefulness and Recovery." JOM 65, no. 10 (2013): 1317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-013-0732-y.

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32

Zhao, Jier. "Economic Regulation of Green Projects in Rare Earth Metal Mining." SHS Web of Conferences 212 (2025): 04062. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202521204062.

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The article discusses the development issues of rare earth metal deposits in the context of ensuring low-carbon development. The directions of the use of rare earth metals in renewable energy, including the production of solar panels and wind farms, are shown. The assessment of world reserves and production of rare earth metals is given, the prospects for the development of rare earth metal deposits in the Arctic zone of Russia are shown. Also factors that may affect the development of the mineral resource base of Russia, including the extraction and use of rare earth metals, are highlighted.

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33

Firsov, Aleksandr V., Aleksandr V. Artamonov, Dar'ya N. Smirnova, Aleksandr P. Ilyin, and Segreiy P. Kochetkov. "SORPTION OF RARE-EARTH METALS FROM NO EVAPORATED DIHYDRATE PHOSPHORIC ACID ON MACROPOROUS STRONGLY ACIDIC CATIONITE." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 59, no. 4 (2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.20165904.5321.

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The kinetic and dynamic characteristics of the sorption of rare earths metals (REE) from no evaporated extration phosphoric acid (EPA) of dihydrate production on macroporous strongly acidic cation Rurolite C150 were investigated. The process of sorption of rare earth metals was established to take place in the external diffusion region.

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34

Liao, Chunfa, Lianghua Que, Zanhui Fu, et al. "Research Status of Electrolytic Preparation of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys in Fluoride Molten Salt System: A Mini Review of China." Metals 14, no. 4 (2024): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14040407.

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China’s rare earth reserves and consumption are the highest in the world. Rare earth metals and alloys play a pivotal role in the domains of permanent magnetic materials, hydrogen storage materials, luminescent materials, abrasive materials, etc. The molten salt electrolysis process is the most widely used method for producing light rare earth metals and alloys in China, with distinct advantages such as continuous production and short process flow. This article focuses on the process technology of preparing rare earth metals and alloys by electrolyzing rare earth oxides in fluoride systems. Th

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35

Azhar, Muhamad, Solechan Solechan, Retno Saraswati, Putut Suharso, Suhartoyo Suhartoyo, and Budi Ispriyarso. "The New Renewable Energy Consumption Policy of Rare Earth Metals to Build Indonesia's National Energy Security." E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186803008.

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This study aims to discuss the policy of using renewable energy in the form of rare metal eart as an effort to build national energy security. The research method used a legal research looking from various perspectives in social science. Law is seen as a space for the process of scientific study in order to seek truth. The use of relevant legal research wants to understand the law more thoroughly. In performing implementation analysis, using the method of Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) with focus on energy regulation. The results of the study show that: First, the policy of the Indonesian

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36

Matsuoka, Eiichi, Yo Tomiyama, Kotaro Iwasawa, Hitoshi Sugawara, Takahiro Sakurai, and Hitoshi Ohta. "Magnetic anisotropy of tetragonal rare-earth compounds RRu2Al2B (R: rare-earth metals)." Journal of the Korean Physical Society 62, no. 12 (2013): 1866–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.62.1866.

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37

Cherkasova, Tatiana, Elizaveta Cherkasova, Anastasia Tikhomirova, Alyona Bobrovni-kova, and Irina Goryunova. "Rare and Rare-Earth Metals in Coal Processing Waste." E3S Web of Conferences 21 (2017): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20172102009.

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38

Malinovskaya, Tatyana D., Roman A. Nefedov, Ouna B. Sambueva, and Victor Sachkov. "Advanced of Rare Earth Fluorides Technology." Advanced Materials Research 1085 (February 2015): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1085.229.

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The thermochemical processes of synthesis and purification of rare earth metals fluorides through the transfer of fluoroammonium complexes were discussed. By differential thermal calorimetry the temperature maxima of rates of formation and decomposition of complex compounds were defined and the values of the apparent activation energy processes were determined. It is possible the use of fluoroammonium systems to develop the preparation of anhydrous fluorides of rare earth metals.

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39

DAS NEVES, Paulo Cesar Pereira, Darcson Vieira de Freitas, and Lavinel G. IONESCU. "INERALOGICAL ASPECTS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS." SOUTHERN BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 18, no. 18 (2010): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.48141/sbjchem.v18.n18.2010.40_2010.pdf.

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Rare earth elements or rare earth metals are group elements including the fifteen lanthanides (Z=57 to Z=71). Scandium (Z=21) and Yttrium (Z=39) are considered rare-earth by IUPAC since they tend to occur in the same ore deposits as the lanthanides and have similar chemical properties. The present article describes the mineralogical properties of the yttrium and the lanthanides. A total of two hundred and seventy-seven (277) minerals are known, the most common being monazites and bastnazites. Rare earth metals have many important industrial applications.

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40

Toishybek, A. M., O. S. Baigenzhenov, M. D. Turan, B. Kurbanova, and Y. S. Merkibayev. "A review of recovery technologies of rare and rare earth metals from wastes generated in titanium and magnesium production." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 327, no. 4 (2023): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2023/6445.41.

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It is acknowledged that titanium and magnesium production wastes pollute the environment, which in the sequence they create an environmental hazard for soils, groundwater and vegetation. Meanwhile, these wastes can be considered secondary resources of rare and rare earth metals. In recent years, the processing of industrial waste has been a new trend for the extraction of rare and rare earth metals, which can partially cover the demand in case of their disposal. This article is devoted to a review of the available literature and articles on the extraction of rare metals from titanium-magnesium

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41

Jumadilov, T. K., Kh Khimersen, B. Totkhuskyzy, and J. Haponiuk. "Adsorption methods for the extraction and seperation of rare earth elements. Review." Kompleksnoe Ispolʹzovanie Mineralʹnogo syrʹâ/Complex Use of Mineral Resources/Mineraldik Shikisattardy Keshendi Paidalanu 318, no. 3 (2021): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2021/6445.24.

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Rare earth elements play an important role in the production, energy, and high technology. Due to the rapid development of industry, the demand for rare earth metals is rising every day. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the extraction of rare earth metals from various sources to meet the demand for these elements. Currently, pyro- and hydrometallurgical technologies are used to extract rare earth metals from an ore and other secondary sources (industrial wastewater, acid drainage mines, etc.). Hydrometallurgical technologies include precipitation, extraction, adsorption, and ion exchange

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42

Potravny, I. M., N. N. Yashalova, A. V. Novikov, and Jier Zhao. "Use of Rare Earth Metals in Renewable Energy: Opportunities and Risks." Ecology and Industry of Russia 28, no. 1 (2024): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2024-1-11-15.

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The results of research on the use of rare earth metals for the development of a low-carbon economy are presented. Directions for the use of rare earth metals for the development of solar and wind energy are shown. Characteristics are given and information is given on the volumes of extraction of rare earth metals in the context of the main countries. The opportunities associated with the use of rare earth metals for the development of renewable energy in the context of low-carbon development are identified, as well as the environmental and social risks associated with the extraction and trans

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43

Indriawati, Anisa, Herman Aldila, and Verry Andre Fabiani. "Synthesis of Rare Earth Metal Oxides Based on Monasite Sand with pH Variations." Stannum : Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia 2, no. 2 (2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/jstk.v2i2.1953.

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In the island of Bangka Belitung, the presence of monazite is quite abundant, monazite minerals contain rare earth metals. Rare Earth Metals are groups of elements that have similar properties, for example neodymium, cerium, lanthanum, and others. Rare earth metal applications are very potential in various fields. In this research, the synthesis of rare earth metals by sol gel method at pH variations of 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 was carried out. In this case, only changes in the levels of P2O5, La2O3, CeO2, and Nd2O3 compounds were observed. The results showed an increase in levels of rare earth metals

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44

Cabrera, José María, Ignacio Mejía, and José Manuel Prado. "Effect of rare-earth metals on the hot strength of HSLA steels." International Journal of Materials Research 93, no. 11 (2002): 1132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2002-0194.

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Abstract An experimental study was done on the effect of rare-earth metals on a high-strength low-alloy steel. The work was focused in deriving the influence on Ce and La on the hot-working behavior. For this purpose, uniaxial hot-compression tests were carried out in a wide range of temperatures and strain rates. The effect of the rare-earth metals was determined by comparison of the characteristic parameters, describing the constitutive equations of the high-temperature response of the steel with, and without, rare-earth metals. The results showed that rare-earth metals were playing a major

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45

Klementyeva, Svetlana V., Taisiya S. Sukhikh, Pavel A. Abramov, and Andrey I. Poddel’sky. "Low-Coordinate Mixed Ligand NacNac Complexes of Rare Earth Metals." Molecules 28, no. 4 (2023): 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041994.

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We report the synthesis and characterization of two types of new mixed-ligand rare earth complexes: tetracoordinate (NacNacMes)Ln(BIANdipp) (Ln = Dy (1), Er (2) and Y (3)) and pentacoordinate (NacNacMes)Ln(APdipp)(THF) (Ln = Dy (4), Er (5) and Y (6)). The first three compounds were prepared by the reaction of [(BIANDipp)LnI] with potassium β-diketiminate. The salt metathesis of β-diketiminato-supported rare earth dichlorides (NacNacMes)LnCl2(THF)2 with sodium o-amidophenolate results in compounds 4–6. The crystal structures of complexes 1–6 were determined by single-crystal analysis. The combi

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46

Li, Yingqi, Tingan Zhang, Zhihe Dou, Wei Xie, Chuidai Lan, and Guangtao Li. "Summary of the Research Progress on Advanced Engineering, Processes, and Process Parameters of Rare Earth Green Metallurgy." Materials 17, no. 15 (2024): 3686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17153686.

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The addition of rare earth metals to aluminum alloys can effectively improve their corrosion resistance and has been widely used in the aerospace and military industries. However, the current methods for the preparation of rare earth metals involve long processing steps, high energy consumption, and high carbon emissions, which severely constrains the development of aluminum alloys. Its output is further developed. To this end, this paper reviews mainstream rare earth production processes (precipitation methods, microemulsion methods, roasting-sulfuric acid leaching methods, electrochemical me

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47

Holcombe, Ben, Nicholas Sinclair, Alexander Baker, Eunjeong Kim, Scott K. McCall, and Rohan Akolkar. "Electrolysis in Chloride Molten Salts for Sustainable Critical Metals Production and Recovery." Electrochemical Society Interface 33, no. 1 (2024): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.f09241if.

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Critical materials, such as rare-earth metals, are essential to numerous applications, including clean energy; however, the present industrial practices for producing rare-earth metals involve environmentally damaging and thus unsustainable chemical and electrochemical processes. An alternative moderate-temperature chloride-based molten salt electrolysis process can address these issues, providing energy efficient and sustainable metal production. While it is being developed presently for rare-earth electrowinning, one can easily envision its broader application to rare-earth electrorefining a

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48

Cherednichenko, V. S., A. S. An’shakov, V. A. Serikov, and V. A. Faleev. "Plasma Carbothermic Reduction of Rare-Earth Metals." Russian Metallurgy (Metally) 2018, no. 6 (2018): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036029518060071.

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49

Liberman, David, and Andrew Zangwill. "Quadrupole resonances in the rare-earth metals." Physical Review A 39, no. 1 (1989): 415–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.39.415.

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50

Ogata, Y., H. Chudo, M. Ono, et al. "Gyroscopic g factor of rare earth metals." Applied Physics Letters 110, no. 7 (2017): 072409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4976998.

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