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Journal articles on the topic 'Rare earth minerals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Wills, B. A. "Rare earth minerals." Minerals Engineering 9, no. 5 (1996): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-6875(96)90027-8.

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2

Elsayed, Omnia, Nahla Abd El Ghaffar, Abdel Moneim Mahmoud, and Ismail Ismail. "Significant Enrichment of Rare Earth Element Concentrations in Stream Sediments of Sharm El-Sheikh Area, Southern Sinai-Egypt: Geochemical Prospecting and Heavy Mineral Survey." Iraqi Geological Journal 56, no. 1B (2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.56.1b.1ms-2023-2-9.

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Economic rare earth element bearing-heavy mineral accommodation in alluvial deposits (stream sediments) is a well-known process caused by varying rates of weathering and transportation of heavy minerals and sediments, which is significant in geochemical exploration. In the present work, stream sediment samples from Wadi Lethi, Sharm El-Sheikh, were systematically collected. The collected stream sediments were investigated mineralogically and geochemically using collaborative techniques. The separated heavy fractions have been analyzed for trace elements and Rare Earth Element. Important heavy

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3

Zhang, Zhenyue, Changyu Zhou, Wendou Chen, Fei Long, Zhuo Chen, and Ru’an Chi. "Effects of Ammonium Salts on Rare Earth Leaching Process of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ores." Metals 13, no. 6 (2023): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13061112.

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In order to reveal the influence of ammonium salts on the rare earth leaching process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores, ammonium acetate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium sulfate were used as leaching agents. The effects of the leaching agent on the rare earth leaching efficiency and the expansion, dissolution, and transformation behavior of clay minerals in the rare earth leaching process were studied. The results showed that rare earth leaching efficiency followed the order ammonium acetate > ammonium chloride > ammonium sulfate, with values of 90.60%, 85.96%, and 84

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4

Togaev, Isomiddin, Baxtinur Abdujabborov, and Shoxrux Toshtemirov. "Geological structure of Ustuk ore field features of mining." E3S Web of Conferences 420 (2023): 04019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342004019.

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The article provides information on mineralization of the Ustuk mineral field with uranium and other rare metals.The distribution of radioactive elements in rocks was studied in field studies. As a result of the research, it was found that uranium-rich vanadium mineralization and secondary minerals of carnotite-tyuyamunite series were formed. Also, the primary minerals of uranium and rare earth elements were enriched with uranium and rare earth elements in the metamorphic quartzization front. A favorable environment (geochemical barrier) for quartzization of skarnoids was created and mineral d

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Wang, Weiwei, Erdou Li, Zhengyao Li, Weiyao Zhu, and Yuanyuan Wang. "Recovery of Xenotime and Florencite from Silicate Minerals Using a Combined Technique of Magnetic Separation and Flotation." Minerals 14, no. 11 (2024): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14111073.

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Xenotime (YPO4), a significant phosphatic minerl rich in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs), typically associates with granitic rocks, exemplified in the Wolverine rare earth deposit in Australia. A mineral composition analysis indicates that the primary valuable minerals in the deposit are principally xenotime and minor florencite, with quartz and illite as the main gangue minerals, showing a relatively simple mineral composition. The grade of rare earth concentrate was increased to 14.29% and the recovery reached 94.48% through the magnetic separation pre-enrichment test. However, a high-grad

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Udoratina, O. V., A. M. Shmakova, D. A. Varlamov, and A. S. Shuisky. "Alkaline-ultrabasic rocks of Novobobrovsky ore field (Middle Timan): mineralogy, petrography." Proceedings of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences 3 (2021): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/1994-5655-2021-3-14-21.

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Minerals of disintegrated alkaline-ultrabasic dike rocks exposed by wells within the rare-metal–rare earth Novobo-brovsky ore field (Middle Timan) were studied. Microprobe studies were conducted in CCU "Geoscience" (Syktyvkar) and the Institute of Experimental Geology, RAS (Chernogolovka). Primary mineral parage-neses are difficult to diag-nose due to strong secondary alteration of rocks. The primary minerals are phlogopite (XMg = 0.64–0.89) and minerals of the chromespinelides group (the central parts are represented by chrompicotite, and the marginal zones – by ferrich-romite); the secondary

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7

Novikov, G. V., N. V. Lobus, N. A. Shulga, and O. Yu Bogdanova. "Adsorption of Rare Earth Metal Cations by Base Metal Sulfides in the Broken Spur and TAG Hydrothermal Fields, Atlantic Ocean." Литология и полезные ископаемые, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0024497x23010068.

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The article presents the results of sorption of rare earth metal cations on samples of deepsea polymetallic sulfides of the hydrothermal fields of the Broken Spur and TAG of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The main minerals of these samples were respectively marcasite, pyrrhotine, pyrite, sphalerite and chalcopyrite, pyrite, and marcasite. It has been established that these sulfide minerals of iron, copper and zinc are natural adsorbents. The exchange capacity of sulfide minerals for rare earth metal cations is in the range of 0.006‒0.061 mg-eq/g. The exchange complex of sulfide minerals consists of c

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8

Anenburg, Michael. "Rare earth mineral diversity controlled by REE pattern shapes." Mineralogical Magazine 84, no. 5 (2020): 629–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2020.70.

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AbstractThe line connecting rare earth elements (REE) in chondrite-normalised plots can be represented by a smooth polynomial function using λ shape coefficients as described by O'Neill (2016). In this study, computationally generated λ combinations are used to construct artificial chondrite-normalised REE patterns that encompass most REE patterns likely to occur in natural materials. The dominant REE per pattern is identified, which would lead to its inclusion in a hypothetical mineral suffix, had this mineral contained essential REE. Furthermore, negative Ce and Y anomalies, common in natura

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9

Presley, Jennifer. "Exploring the Unexpected: An AI Model Uncovers Rare Earth Elements." Journal of Petroleum Technology 76, no. 01 (2024): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0124-0040-jpt.

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Throughout Earth’s history, powerful geological processes have shaped the planet, formed diverse landscapes, and hidden valuable resources. Like silent architects, these processes play a crucial role in creating the world we see today. One important aspect of this geological story is the formation of critical minerals—essential elements for modern technology. These minerals are not random features but are closely tied to the larger narrative of Earth’s evolution. Scientists and engineers are exploring the connections between geological processes and the creation of critical mineral deposits to

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Chen, Wenxiang, Feng Zhou, Hongquan Wang, Sen Zhou, and Chunjie Yan. "The Occurrence States of Rare Earth Elements Bearing Phosphorite Ores and Rare Earth Enrichment Through the Selective Reverse Flotation." Minerals 9, no. 11 (2019): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9110698.

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The reserve of rare-earth element-bearing phosphorite ores in Guizhou province in western China is huge. Increased demand for the different products manufactured from rare-earth elements has resulted in an extreme need for reasonable and comprehensive extraction of rare-earth elements. An improved understanding of rare-earth element occurrence states in single minerals of ores is important for their further processing. In this paper, rare-earth element contents were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and the occurrence states in single minerals were further investigated through SEM-

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Wang, Li, Liang Li, Kaizhong Li, and Li Huang. "Influence of Clay Particle Interactions on Leaching Percolation in Ion-adsorption-type Rare Earth Ores." Minerals 14, no. 2 (2024): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14020140.

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Ion-adsorption-type rare earth ores (IRE-ores) are a vital source of rare earth elements globally. The percolation properties of the ore body significantly determine the ease of rare earth extraction using in situ leaching processes. This paper investigates the interactions among clay particles in ion-adsorption-type rare earth ores within aqueous solutions, utilizing methods such as mineral particle aggregation and settling and acid–base adsorption on mineral surfaces. Based on these analyses, this paper elucidates the influence of solution properties on the percolation process of ion-type ra

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12

Andersen, Tom. "Compositional variation of some rare earth minerals from the Fen complex (Telemark, SE Norway): implications for the mobility of rare earths in a carbonatite system." Mineralogical Magazine 50, no. 357 (1986): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1986.050.357.13.

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AbstractRare earth minerals in ankeritic ferrocar-bonatite and associated magnetite ore, as well as in hematite-calcite-(dolomite) carbonatite (rødberg) derived from the ferrocarbonatite by post-magmatic alteration, have been studied by electron microprobe. The minerals found are monazite, parisite, and bastnäsite (identifications confirmed by X-ray diffraction) as well as an aluminous silicate with allanite composition, and possibly, synchysite. The rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns of the minerals change from light rare earth (LREE)-enriched in magnetite ore and ferrocarbonatite

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Kotelnikov, A. R., G. M. Akhmedzhanova, N. I. Suk, K. V. Martynov, O. T. Gavlina, and V. A. Suvorova. "Synthesis of minerals and polymineral matrixes for immobilization of radioactive wastes elements." Геохимия 64, no. 10 (2019): 1047–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016-752564101047-1063.

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For the development of methods for the disposal of radioactive waste in the rocks of the earths crust, the concept of phase and chemical correspondence in the system of matrix material ― host rock has been proposed. This principle allows directional synthesis of certain mineral matrices. Matrix materials were experimentally synthesized ― solid solutions of minerals for immobilization of alkaline, alkaline-earth, rare-earth elements ― radionuclides. The properties of a number of solid solutions of minerals are investigated. The possibilities of processing graphite into stable matrices are studi

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14

Giacalone, Joseph A., and Genai Greenidge. "China, The World Trade Organization, And The Market For Rare Earth Minerals." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 12, no. 3 (2013): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v12i3.7669.

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Rare earth elements (also referred to as rare earth minerals, rare earth metals, green elements, rare earths or simply REEs) are comprised of 17 elements of the periodic table. The metals are often found combined together in ores and must be separated into its individual elements. On the supply side of the market, China is currently the largest producer of rare earth elements in the world, mining at least 90% of total world production. Consequently, many countries around the world rely on imports of these REEs to facilitate production of the various systems and products that are dependent on t

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15

Zhai, Fu Rong, Zhan Xing Yang, and Yu Qi Pan. "Liaoning Province Molybdenum, Rare Earth and Mineral Resources Exploration Situation and Demand Forecasting." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 804–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.804.

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The liaoning province is big province of mineral resources, although some energy and nonmetallic minerals resource reserves have among the top, but the rare earth provide strategic significance of mineral resources is the shortage, and molybdenum resources reserves to reduce year by year. This article through the objective analysis of molybdenum in liaoning province, the rare earth mineral resources exploration, status quo and the existing main problems of rare earth mineral resources, the province of molybdenum and long-term forecast the recent demand, in the province of mineral resources pla

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16

Ferron, Cesar J., Srdjan M. Bulatovic, and Robert S. Salter. "Beneficiation of Rare Earth Oxide Minerals." Materials Science Forum 70-72 (January 1991): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.70-72.251.

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17

Koerting, Friederike, Nicole Koellner, Agnieszka Kuras, et al. "A solar optical hyperspectral library of rare-earth-bearing minerals, rare-earth oxide powders, copper-bearing minerals and Apliki mine surface samples." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 3 (2021): 923–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-923-2021.

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Abstract. Mineral resource exploration and mining is an essential part of today's high-tech industry. Elements such as rare-earth elements (REEs) and copper are, therefore, in high demand. Modern exploration techniques from multiple platforms (e.g., spaceborne and airborne), to detect and map the spectral characteristics of the materials of interest, require spectral libraries as an essential reference. They include field and laboratory spectral information in combination with geochemical analyses for validation. Here, we present a collection of REE- and copper-related hyperspectral spectra wi

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18

Boetzkes, Amanda, and Jeff Diamanti. "Geofetishism and the Tender Violence of Rare Earths." SubStance 52, no. 3 (2023): 9–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sub.2023.a913888.

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Abstract: This article addresses the geospeculation of Kuannersuit, a mountain in southwest Greenland that holds a major deposit of rare earth minerals, including uranium. Through the concepts of “geofetishism” and “tender violence,” we consider the history of mineral speculation in Greenland, and how its colonial history bears on the now independent (Inuit) Greenlandic government, and the township of Narsaq. With a focus on the anti-uranium activist group, Urani? Naamik! , we show the challenges posed to Greenlanders in their resistance to the mobilization of their mineral resources by the Au

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Jefferies, N. L. "The distribution of the rare earth elements within the Carnmenellis pluton, Cornwall." Mineralogical Magazine 49, no. 353 (1985): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1985.049.353.02.

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AbstractThe Carnmenellis pluton is a post-orogenic granite of Hercynian age, comprised largely of porphyritic biotite granites which possess LREE enriched patterns with slight negative Eu anomalies. Electron microprobe and ICP spectrometry data are presented for monazite, which occurs as an accessory mineral in all granite types, and it is demonstrated that this mineral is the principal host for LREE in the biotite granites. HREE are strongly partitioned into the accessory minerals xenotime, apatite, and zircon; only Eu substitutes significantly into the essential minerals. The behaviour of th

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Kovalev, Sergei Grigor’evich, Sergei Sergeevich Kovalev, and Aisylu Azatovna Sharipova. "Rare earth mineralization in volcanic-sedimentary rocks of the Shatak complex (Southern Urals)." Geologicheskii vestnik, no. 1 (March 25, 2024): 13–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31084/2619-0087/2024-1-2.

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The paper presents materials on the study of rare earth mineralization in rocks of the Shatak complex, which belongs to the Mashak formation (RF2). Numerous rare earth minerals have been discovered and characterized in detail in terrigenous rocks, metabasalts and rhyodacites: allanite-(Ce), monazite-(Ce), monazite-(La), monazite-(Nd), nioboeschinite-(Y), aeshinite-(Y) , talenite-(Nd), talenite-(Dy), synchysite-(Ce), Ce–La–Fe oxide, cerite and unidentified compounds: yttrium silicate, cerium silicate, Ce–Fe compound, as well as REE-containing minerals: epidote and fluorapatite. In the contact z

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Kim, Kwanho, and Soobok Jeong. "Separation of Monazite from Placer Deposit by Magnetic Separation." Minerals 9, no. 3 (2019): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9030149.

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In this study, mineralogical analysis and beneficiation experiments were conducted using a placer deposit of North Korea, on which limited information was available, to confirm the feasibility of development. Rare earth elements (REEs) have vital applications in modern technology and are growing in importance in the fourth industrial revolution. However, the price of REEs is unstable due to the imbalance between supply and demand, and tremendous efforts are being made to produce REEs sustainably. One of them is the evaluation of new rare earth mines and the verification of their feasibility. A

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Wang, Jian, Chao Zhu, Baowei Li, et al. "Prepare a catalyst consist of rare earth minerals to denitrate via NH3-SCR." Green Processing and Synthesis 9, no. 1 (2020): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2020-0020.

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AbstractTo research the roles of rare earth minerals in denitrification via the NH3-SCR, a mixture was made by certain ratio of rare earth concentrates and rare earth tailings, then treated by microwave roasting, and acids and bases to form a denitrification catalyst. The mineral phase structure and surface morphology of the catalyst were characterized by XRD, BET, SEM and EDS. The surface properties of the catalyst were tested by TPD and XPS methods, and the denitrification activity of the catalyst was evaluated in a denitrification reactor. The results showed that the denitrification efficie

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Grakova, O. V., and K. S. Popvasev. "Rare-earth minerals in pre-Cambrian rocks of the Lyapinskii anticlinorium (Subpolar Urals)." LITHOSPHERE (Russia) 24, no. 4 (2024): 661–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24930/2500-302x-2024-24-4-661-674.

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Research subject. REE-containing minerals in metamorphic pre-Cambrian rocks of the northern part of the Lyapinskii anticlinorium of the Subpolar Urals. Aim. To establish typochemical features and conditions for the formation of rare-earth minerals in the studied rocks. Materials and methods. Chemical compositions and photographs of minerals were obtained using a JSM-6400 scanning electron microscope with a Link energy spectrometer and a Tescan Vega 3 LMH with an Instruments X-Max energy-dispersive attachment. The content of rock-forming oxides was determined by the gravimetric chemical method.

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Kulchytska, H. O., and D. S. Chernysh. "Database of Rare Element Minerals of Ukraine." Mineralogical Journal 45, no. 2 (2023): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.02.049.

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It is shown that the concept of "rare elements" is rather conditional. The list of rare elements, as well as their selection criteria, constantly changed over time. Geochemical and mineralogical criteria gradually became closely connected with technological and economic criteria. Such criteria as insignificant distribution in the earth's crust, weak mineral formation, and the lack of large deposits were joined by technological difficulties of extraction, minimal use in technology, unprofitable extraction, or artificial shortages due to monopolization of reserves by supplying companies. The lis

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Novikov, G. V., N. V. Lobus, A. N. Drozdova та Yu P. Dikov. "Sorption of Y 3+, La 3+ AND Се 3+ cations on the cobalt-rich manganese crusts of the Magellan Rise and Marcus-Wake seamounts, Pacific Ocean". Литология и полезные ископаемые, № 4 (9 липня 2019): 318–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0024-497x20194318-336.

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Cobalt-rich manganese crusts and crust-concretion formations from the guyots of the Pacific Ocean were found to be the natural highly selective sorbents of rare-earth cations Ce3+, Y3+, La3+. Ion exchange capacity of ore minerals — vernadite, Fe-vernadite and Mn-ferroxyhyte — increases in the following sequence La3+<Y3+<Co2+<Ce3+ and averages from 1.67 (La3+) to 2.84 (Се3+) meq/g, which is quite high values among natural mineral ion exchangers. Ore minerals of crusts exhibit higher selectivity to Се3+ cation compared to Y3+ и La3+. The age of ore minerals does not affect their sorptio

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26

Syafrizal, Syafrizal, Andika Satria Pradana, Ichwan Azwardi, Satyogroho Dian Amertho, Mohamad Nur Heriawan, and Arie Naftali Hawu Hede. "STUDI DISTRIBUSI MINERAL IKUTAN TIMAH (MIT) UNTUK MENDUKUNG METODA PENANGANAN SAMPEL PADA KEGIATAN EKSPLORASI." Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 1, no. 1 (2020): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.36986/ptptp.v1i1.121.

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ABSTRAK PT. Timah Tbk merupakan perusahaan yang memiliki Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) logam timah yang berencana menjadikan komoditas logam tanah jarang sebagai by-product dari ekstraksi logam timah sebagai komoditas utama. Telah diteliti bahwa Mineral Ikutan Timah (MIT) pembawa Rare Earth Elements (REEs) yang jumlahnya cukup dominan pada setiap sampel pemboran yang sudah dilakukan PT Timah Tbk diantaranya adalah ilmenite, rutile, zircon, monazite, xenotime, dan anatase. Eksplorasi terhadap logam timah terus dilakukan oleh PT Timah Tbk. Namun, eksplorasi khusus untuk setiap Mineral Ikutan Tim

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Natasya, Zamri Ain, and Norazharuddin Shah Abdullah. "Malaysia’s Rare Earth Element Story: Characterizing the "Amang"." Key Engineering Materials 908 (January 28, 2022): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-926bei.

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Amang is known as a waste product after extraction of tin oxide (cassiterite, SnO2) from its ore. Not long ago, in Malaysia, these tin ore tailings were left in abundance after long years of mining activities. Little had it been realized then, of the importance and future economics of the heavy minerals present in these tailing ‘deposits’ may offer. It is known that the heavy minerals from amang contained rare earth elements that are beneficial in various applications in different types of industries, such as monazite ([Ce, La, Nd, Gd, Th] PO4), zircon (ZrSiO4), ilmenite (FeOTiO2), xenotime (Y

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Gao, Lian Feng, Peng Zhang, Ying Zhang, Zhen Guo Zhang, and Chang Shui Liu. "The Enrichment Regularity of Rare Earth Elements and Resource Characteristics in Polymetallic Nodules/Crusts." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 2497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.2497.

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Polymetallic nodules/crusts are one of the most important mineral deposits in the ocean, in which iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, nickel and other metals are rich, and rare earth elements are rich, too. In this study, the contents of 11 rare earth samples in polymetallic nodules/crusts from the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian Ocean and north of the South China Sea are analyzed. The average content of rare earth in polymetallic nodules/crusts is 1265.57×10-6, the average content of nodules is 1096.96×10-6, and the average content of crust is 1623.88×10-6. The enrichment of rare earth elements is con

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Ityokumbul, M. T., W. Bulani, and N. Kosaric. "Economic and Environmental Benefits from Froth Flotation Recovery of Titanium, Zirconium, Iron and Rare Earth Minerals from Oilsand Tailings." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 3-4 (1987): 323–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0213.

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The froth flotation recovery of titanium, zirconium, iron and rare earth minerals from oil-sand tailings and their further beneficiation are described in this paper. The recovery of rare earth mineral value from these tailings has not been reported previously due to their low concentrations. The economic value of all of these minerals recovered in this way has been estimated to be almost double the cost of full effective tailings management. Adoption of these processes can eliminate the current unsound practice of simply storing these tailings behind high dykes in large lagoons.

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McClenaghan, M. B., R. C. Paulen, and I. M. Kjarsgaard. "Rare metal indicator minerals in bedrock and till at the Strange Lake peralkaline complex, Quebec and Labrador, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, no. 8 (2019): 857–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2018-0299.

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A study of rare metal indicator minerals and glacial dispersal was carried out at the Strange Lake Zr – Y – heavy rare earth element deposit in northern Quebec and Labrador, Canada. The heavy mineral (>3.2 specific gravity) and mid-density (3.0–3.2 specific gravity) nonferromagnetic fractions of mineralized bedrock from the deposit and till up to 50 km down ice of the deposit were examined to determine the potential of using rare earth element and high fileld strength element indicator minerals for exploration. The deposit contains oxide, silicate, phosphate, and carbonate indicator mineral

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Feng, Dawei, and Alexandra Navrotsky. "Thermochemistry of Rare Earth Perovskites." MRS Advances 1, no. 38 (2016): 2695–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.489.

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AbstractThe rare earth (RE) mineral loparite with the chemical composition (RE, Na, Sr, Ca)(Ti, Nb, Ta, Fe+3)O3 is the principal ore of the light rare earth elements (LREE) as well as niobium and tantalum. The enthalpies of formation of RE0.67-xNa3xTiO3 (RE = La, Ce) and Ca1-2xNaxLaxTiO3 from oxides and elements of lanthanum and cerium perovskites and their solid solutions have been obtained using high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. RE0.67-xNa3xTiO3 (RE = La, Ce) perovskites become more stable relative to oxide components as sodium content increases. Na0.5Ce0.5TiO3 and Na0.5La0.5

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Zhang, Shuxian. "Study on Economic Significance of Rare Earth Mineral Resources Development Based on Goal Programming and Few-Shot Learning." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (May 9, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7002249.

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Rare earth is one of the most important strategic minerals in the world today. The wide application of new products and technologies in the global market has made the world’s demand for rare earth resources grow rapidly. As an important basic resource of high technology, rare earth plays a significant role in national security and strategy. As rare earth mineral resources are irreplaceable in civil, military, and nuclear industries, they have become national strategic resources of various countries in the world. Although China’s rare earth industry has occupied a leading position in the world,

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Chen, Lingkang, Xiongwei Jin, Haixia Chen, Zhengwei He, Lanrong Qiu, and Hurong Duan. "Grain Size Distribution and Clay Mineral Distinction of Rare Earth Ore through Different Methods." Minerals 10, no. 4 (2020): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10040353.

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Although clay mineral content in ion-absorbed rare earth ores is crucial for migrating and releasing rare earth elements, the formation, distribution, and migration of clay minerals in supergene rare earth ores have not been fully understood. Therefore, this study analyzes the characteristics of clay mineral type and content, soil particle size, pH value, leaching solution concentration, and leaching rate. This analysis was performed using different methods, such as regional rare earth mine soil surveys, in situ leaching profile monitoring, and indoor simulated leaching. The results showed tha

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Mykhailov, V. "HIGHLY PROSPECTIVE OBJECTS OF THE MINERAL AND RAW MATERIAL BASE OF UKRAINE. PART 1. METALLIC MINERALS." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 1 (100) (2023): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.100.09.

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A short description of the highly promising mineral and raw material base of metallic minerals of Ukraine is provided. It includes the following deposits and occurrences: complex carbonatite rare metal-apatite Novopoltavske deposit (REE, Nb, Ta, P2O5); complex zirconium-rare-earth-niobium Mazurivske (Oktyabrske) deposit (REE, Zr, Nb); complex rare earth-zirconium Azovske deposit (REE, Zr); Anadolske rare earth deposit (REE); rare earth occurrences Petrovo-Hnutivske (RZE) and Balka Korabelna (RZE); placer complex ilmenite-zirconium deposits Malyshevske (Ti, Zr) and Tarasivske (Ti, Zr); indigeno

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Kanazawa, Y., and R. Miyawaki. "Rare-Earth Minerals and their Crystal Structures." Materials Science Forum 70-72 (January 1991): 43–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.70-72.43.

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HIKICHI, Yasuo, Kyouhei MURAYAMA, Hitoshi OHSATO, and Tsuyoshi NOMURA. "Thermal changes of rare earth phosphate minerals." Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Japan 19, no. 3 (1990): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/gkk1952.19.117.

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Vekasi, Kristin. "The Geoeconomics of Critical Rare Earth Minerals." Georgetown Journal of International Affairs 22, no. 2 (2021): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gia.2021.0039.

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MIYAWAKI, Ritsuro. "Crystal chemical aspects of rare earth minerals." Japanese Magazine of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences 43, no. 1 (2014): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2465/gkk.131202.

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Alibert, Chantal. "Rare earth elements in Hamersley BIF minerals." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 184 (July 2016): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.03.026.

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Kerimov, Rauf B., Dadash A. Huseynov, and Teller S. Gadirova. "On the prospects of identifying rare and rare earth metals in the black shale sequence of the Eastern segment of the Greater Caucasus." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 33, no. 4 (2024): 714–20. https://doi.org/10.15421/112466.

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The expansion, updating, and comprehensive utilization of the mineral resource base for rare and rare-earth metals necessitate the search for and development of new deposits of non-traditional genetic types, including those localized within black shale formations. This study examines the distribution of rare and rare-earth elements (REE) in the black shale formation of the Eastern segment of the Greater Caucasus, where extensive research and exploratory drilling have led to the discovery of several deposits and occurrences of non-ferrous metals. The results of geochemical and mineralogical inv

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Castro, Laura, Maria Luisa Blázquez, Felisa González, and Jesús Angel Muñoz. "Bioleaching of Phosphate Minerals Using Aspergillus niger: Recovery of Copper and Rare Earth Elements." Metals 10, no. 7 (2020): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10070978.

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Rare earth elements (REE) are essential in high-technology and environmental applications, where their importance and demand have grown enormously over the past decades. Many lanthanide and actinide minerals in nature are phosphates. Minerals like monazite occur in small concentrations in common rocks that resist weathering. Turquoise is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminum scarcely studied as copper ore. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms are able to transform insoluble phosphate into a more soluble form which directly and/or indirectly contributes to their metabolism. In this study,

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Shmakin, B. M. "Diversity of accessory minerals in rare-metal-rare earth pegmatites." Geology of Ore Deposits 50, no. 7 (2008): 518–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1075701508070027.

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Пономаренко, Олександр, Анатолій Самчук, Катерина Вовк, Ольга Заяць, and Ірина Кураєва. "THE NEWEST ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR DETERMINING RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS IN GRANITOIDS OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD." Science and Innovation 17, no. 1 (2021): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/scine17.01.096.

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Introduction. To date, rare earth elements (REE) are used to manufacture most high-tech goods and are crucial in defense technologies (lasers, radars, and electromagnetic weapons), nuclear engineering, metallurgy, and others. All this determines the relevance of their study to assess the rare earth mineral resource base of Ukraine. Problem Statement. The determination of REE in rocks and minerals is a fundamental problem in geochemistry and petrology for understanding the processes of rock formation. However, it is a complex analytical task related to the similar chemical properties of these e

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Meng, Zhaolei, Chao Zhu, Jian Wang, and Wenfei Wu. "Comparative Study on NH3-SCR of High Entropy Mineral Catalytic Materials for Different Ratios of Rare Earth Concentrate/Rare Earth Tailing." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 22, no. 3 (2020): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2020-0030.

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AbstractA series of high-entropy mineral catalytic materials were obtained by mixing rare earth tailings containing Fe oxide and rare earth concentrate rich in Ce in Baiyun Obo in different proportions, and by acid-base leaching and microwave roasting. The effects of different proportions of mixed rare earth minerals on the denitrification activity of the samples were analyzed by various techniques, including XRD, EDS and SEM. The mineral phase structure and surface morphology of the catalysts were analyzed. The surface properties of the samples were tested by TPD and XPS methods. The denitrif

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Hui, Bo, Daxing Gong, Lu Xu, et al. "Sediment-Hosted Rare-Earth Elements Mineralization from the Dian-Qian District, Southwest China: Mineralogy and Mode of Occurrence." Minerals 14, no. 9 (2024): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14090903.

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The Xuanwei Formation’s claystones in the Dian-Qian District of Southwest China are rich in rare-earth elements (REEs), suggesting their potential as a source of medium and heavy rare earths. However, the REE content in these rocks is lower than other types of rare-earth deposits, and the interrelationship among clay minerals is intricate. There is no direct evidence indicating the mineralization of REEs, limiting their beneficiation and extraction. The objective of this study is the characterization of REE distribution in the Dian-Qian District. The sedimentary rocks in this district are main

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Rashidov, V. A., V. V. Petrova, V. V. Ananyev, and N. V. Gorkova. "FIRST INFORMATION ABOUT RARE EARTH MINERALIZATION IN ROCKS OF ESMERALDA VOLCANO (MARIANA ISLAND ARC)." Bulletin of Kamchatka Regional Association «Educational-Scientific Center». Earth Sciences, no. 1(61) (2024): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31431/1816-5524-2024-1-61-28-41.

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The results of the study of rare earth mineralization in the rocks composing the Esmeralda underwater volcano located in the southern part of the Mariana island arc are presented. Despite the fact that the composition and structure of the Esmeralda volcano have been studied by various scientists for 75 years, information about the content of rare earth elements in its rocks is sporadic and is given in only six papers, and two of them present only average values. Our micro-level study of the mineral composition of the basaltic andesite, dissected by a crack, dredged during the 5th voyage of the

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Mikheev, Evgeny I., Ildar R. Rakhimov, Elena O. Shaparenko, and Elena I. Soroka. "Metasomatism and REE mineralization of the Zilair Formation sedimentary rocks in the Khudolaz complex gabbro massif exocontact zone (Chebarkul area, Southern Urals)." Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering 336, no. 1 (2025): 123–38. https://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2025/1/4584.

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Relevance. West-Magnitogorsk zone (Southern Urals) hold a lot of Early Carboniferous gabbroic and granitoid intrusions which associated with various mineralization types (Ti-Fe, Cu-Ni-PGE, Au), but information about REE mineralization is scarce. Contact hydrothermal-metasomatic processes rarely form the economic REE mineral deposits, but they can provide valuable information about the behaviors of rare earth elements. Aim. Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of metasedimentary rocks from exocontact zone of the Khudolaz complex gabbro massif, study of rare earth minerals, determinatio

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Bazin, Claude, and Jean-François Boulanger. "Investigation of the Flotation of an Ore Containing Bastnaesite and Monazite: Kinetic Study and Process Flowsheet Simulation." Minerals 14, no. 9 (2024): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14090906.

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Laboratory flotation tests carried out using an ore sample containing Rare Earth Elements (REEs) present as monazite and bastnaesite show that the flotation of monazite is slower and yielded lower recovery than that of bastnaesite. Results show that when studying the performances of a concentration process for an REE ore, it is essential to not look only at the behavior of the individual REEs but to convert elemental assays into mineral assays to obtain the mineral’s actual response to the concentration process. The results of the laboratory flotation tests are used to calibrate a flotation si

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Zakrzewski, M. A., W. J. Lustenhouwer, H. J. Nugteren, and C. T. Williams. "Rare-earth minerals yttrian zirconolite and allanite-(Ce) and associated minerals from Koberg mine, Bergslagen, Sweden." Mineralogical Magazine 56, no. 382 (1992): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1992.056.382.03.

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AbstractA study of mine dump material from Koberg, Bergslagen, Sweden has revealed a varied mineral assemblage, including Zr-, REE-, Th- and U-bearing minerals associated with the sulphide ore deposit. Detailed descriptions and microprobe analyses are presented of the rare earth minerals yttrian zirconolite and allanite-(Ce), and the zirconium oxide baddeleyite. Yttrian zirconolite is patchily zoned in the actinide elements Th and U, and the low analytical totals suggest the presence of several weight per cent of H2O. The implications of these features with respect to synthetic zirconolite in

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Celestian, Aaron J. "New Mineral Names: Heavy metal and minerals from China." American Mineralogist 108, no. 10 (2023): 1993–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2023-nmn108106.

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Abstract This issue of New Mineral Names summarizes new species that contain toxic heavy metals and rare earth elements with a partial focus on new minerals found in China. All these new minerals have potential uses for environmental and technological applications, and their origins reflect historical mining or cultural significance. Here we look at fluorbritholite-(Nd), napoliite, scenicite, evseeite, haitaite-(La), dongchuanite, liguowuite, and gysinite-(La).

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