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Journal articles on the topic 'Rat testis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Burant, C. F., and N. O. Davidson. "GLUT3 glucose transporter isoform in rat testis: localization, effect of diabetes mellitus, and comparison to human testis." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 267, no. 6 (1994): R1488—R1495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1994.267.6.r1488.

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Facilitative hexose transporter expression was compared in rat and human testes. In rat testis, only GLUT1 and GLUT3 proteins were expressed. By contrast, human testis expressed GLUT1 and GLUT3 in addition to GLUT5. Immunocytochemical studies showed that GLUT3 was expressed in all cells of the seminiferous epithelium of rat testis, including sperm. In human testis, GLUT3 was expressed exclusively in cells juxtaposed to the lumen of the seminiferous tubule and ejaculate sperm, a pattern of expression that was identical to that of GLUT5. Induction of insulinopenic diabetes mellitus in the rat di

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2

Edwards, G., R. G. Lendon, and I. D. Morris. "Accelerated recovery of Leydig cells of the immature rat testis after administration of the cytotoxic ethylene dimethanesulphonate." Journal of Endocrinology 119, no. 3 (1988): 475—NP. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1190475.

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ABSTRACT A single injection of ethane-1,2-dimethanesulphonate (EDS; 100 mg/kg) selectively destroys Leydig cells in the testis of the adult rat; however, unconfirmed reports indicate that Leydig cells in the immature rat are not affected. In this study the effect of EDS was examined 2 days after treatment of rats aged 20, 25 or 35 days. There was a large reduction in the in-vitro binding of 125I-labelled human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) to the homogenates of testes from EDS-treated immature rats. EDS reduced the testosterone content of the testes at all ages studied, but 2 days after inject

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3

ILIO, KENNETH Y., JOHN T. GRAYHACK, and CHUNG LEE. "Experimental Cryptorchidism Inhibited Growth of the Rat Ventral Prostate." Journal of Andrology 21, no. 3 (2000): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2000.tb03399.x.

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ABSTRACT: Adult Sprague‐Dawley“ male rats, weighing about 350 g, were rendered cryptorchid by suturing the testes to the lateral abdominal wall. Twenty‐eight days later, cryptorchidism resulted in a significant decline in testis weight and suppressed spermatogenesis. The ventral prostate was significantly smaller in cryptorchid rats. There was no significant difference in serum testosterone levels between the normal and cryptorchid rats. Charcoal‐stripped aqueous extracts of the testis from intact and cryptorchid animals were tested on primary cultures of rat prostatic stromal cells. Cultures

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4

Ar'rajab, Aamer, Ingemar J. A. Dawidson, Richard B. Harris, and James T. Sentementes. "Immune Privilege of the Testis for Islet Xenotransplantation (Rat to Mouse)." Cell Transplantation 3, no. 6 (1994): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096368979400300606.

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The testis has been suggested as an immune privileged site for islet transplantation. The present study evaluated this hypothesis by transplanting islets from Wistar Furth rats into (a) the testes; (b) the subcapsular space of the kidneys; or (c) the cryptorchid abdominal testes of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Swiss ND4 mice. Transplantation of 800 rat islets into the cryptorchid testes normalized blood glucose for 9.3 ± 1.4 (Mean ± SD) days, not significantly different from that of the scrotal testis site (12.4 ± 1.3), or when the subcapsular space of the kidneys was used (11.5 ± 1.2). Whe

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5

JAROW, JONATHAN P., DIANE S. KEENEY, BERNARD ROBAIRE, LARRY L. EWING, and BARRY R. ZIRKIN. "In Vivo Model for Chronic Direct Intratesticular Drug Adminstration." Journal of Andrology 15, no. 5 (1994): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1994.tb00480.x.

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ABSTRACT: The efficacy and toxicity of a new method for chronic direct intratesticular drug infusion were assessed in a rat model. To this end, luteinizing hormone (LH) or buffer was infused via mini‐osmotic pumps for 14 days directly into the parenchyma of Copenhagen rat testes. The surgical manipulation and direct infusion of buffer did not have any apparent adverse effect upon either spermatogenesis or steroidogenesis as measured by testis weight, homogenization‐resistant spermatid count, and in vitro response of the testes to a maximally stimulating concentration of LH. Histologic studies

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6

AHMAD, IMRAN, KHALID MAHMOOD AKTHAR, and TASSADUQ HUSSAIN. "ARSENIC INDUCED MICROSCOPIC CHANGES IN RAT TESTIS." Professional Medical Journal 15, no. 02 (2008): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2008.15.02.2760.

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The present study was designed to observe the changes in the testis of rats due to arsenic in higherdoses. Distilled water and sodium arsenite were administrated intra-peritonealy to control and experimental groupsrespectively. Animals were sacrificed, their testis were weighed and cut into small pieces. After observing the pluckingand stringing phenomenon of the seminiferous tubules the pieces of tests were embedded in paraffin and then 5µmthick section were made. These sections were stained with PAS-sulfurous acid haematoxylin and examinedmicroscopically for qualitative assessment of germina

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7

LUGG, JAMES A., DAVID F. PENSON, FARSHID SADEGHI, et al. "Prevention of Seminiferous Tubular Atrophy in a Naturally Cryptorchid Rat Model by Early Surgical Intervention." Journal of Andrology 17, no. 6 (1996): 726–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1996.tb01858.x.

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ABSTRACT: In an attempt to determine whether the seminiferous tubular atrophy of the cryptorchid testis is preventable by early surgical correction of the cryptorchid state, aberrantly developed gubemacula destined to result in a cryptorchid testis in the Long‐Evans cryptorchid (LE/ORL) rat were surgically reimplanted to the bottom of the scrotum on day 10 to 12 of age. Testis descent was monitored and the changes in testicular histology and in the volumes of the seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells were examined at day 60. As expected, normal testis descent occurred on or about day 25. Compa

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8

Ma, Yu-Bo, Ming Gao, Tong-Dian Zhang, et al. "Oxidative Stress Disrupted Prepubertal Rat Testicular Development after Xenotransplantation." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021 (November 17, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1699990.

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In the past two decades, testicular tissue grafting and xenografting have been well established, with the production of fertilization-competent sperm in some studies. However, few studies have been carried out to observe the development of grafted prepubertal testicular tissue of rats and compare the biological differences between in situ testis and grafted testis. In this study, we established the prepubertal testicular tissue xenografting model using a 22-day-old rat and evaluated certain parameters, including testicular histology, testosterone production, and ultrastructure of the grafted t

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9

Frankel, A. I., J. C. Chapman, and B. Cook. "The testicular response to hemicastration in the male rat cannot be maintained in vitro." Journal of Endocrinology 121, no. 1 (1989): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1210043.

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ABSTRACT The testicular response to hemicastration (in which testicular vein testosterone from the remaining testis doubles in concentration) was studied in vitro in order to establish whether the response is maintained after testicular tissue is removed from the animal. Decapsulated testes and collagenase-dispersed cells from decapsulated testes of rats were incubated for 24 h after hemicastration and testosterone production was compared with that in tissue collected at the time of surgery. Testosterone concentration in the remaining testis 24 h after hemicastration was significantly (P <0

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10

MUSA, FATHEL RAHMAN M., MASAAKI TOKUDA, YOSHIHIRO KUWATA, et al. "Expression of Cydin‐Dependent Kinase 5 and Associated Cyclins in Leydig and Sertoli Cells of the Testis." Journal of Andrology 19, no. 6 (1998): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1998.tb02075.x.

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ABSTRACT: In this study, we examined the expression and subcellular localization of cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), cyclin D1, and cyclin E in Leydig and Sertoli cell lines that were cultured with 7.5, 1.0, 0.5, or 0% serum (mixture of a 2:1 ratio of horse serum and fetal bovine serum) and in the developing rat testis to verify the possible functions of Cdk5, cyclin D1, and cyclin E in the testis. The abundance of Cdk5 and cyclin E in the Leydig cell line, TM3, was significantly reduced at low serum concentrations. In contrast, serum concentration had no effect on Cdk5 and cyclin E levels in

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11

Storto, M., M. Sallese, L. Salvatore, et al. "Expression of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the rat and human testis." Journal of Endocrinology 170, no. 1 (2001): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1700071.

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The G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 4 mediates the homologous desensitisation of type-1 metabotropic glutamate (mGlu1) receptors and is predominantly expressed in the testis. Hence, we searched for the expression of mGlu1 or other mGlu receptor subtypes in rat and human testes. RT-PCR analysis showed the presence of mGlu1, -4 and -5 (but not -2 or -3) receptor mRNA in the rat testis. The presence of mGlu1 and -5 (but not mGlu2/3) receptor proteins was also demonstrated by Western blot analysis. In the rat testis, both mGlu1a and -5 receptors were highly expressed in cells of the germina

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12

Warren, Dwight W., Ilpo T. Huhtaniemi, Maria L. Dufau, and Kevin J. Catt. "Regulation of LH receptors and steroidogenesis in the foetal rat testis in vivo." Acta Endocrinologica 115, no. 2 (1987): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1150189.

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Abstract. Foetal rats were injected with high doses of hCG or ovine LH (oLH) to determine if LH receptors were down-regulated and steroidogenesis impaired as is seen in the adult animal. Foetuses injected in utero with 52 μg/kg hCG had a prompt increase in intratesticular testosterone, demonstrating that the injected substance reached the foetal testis. Pregnant mothers were laparotomized and each foetus in one uterine horn injected with 52 μg/kg hCG. Twenty-four hours later, the foetal testes from both uterine horns were collected and free LH receptor content measured. In foetuses injected wi

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13

Nicholson, H. D., S. E. F. Guldenaar, G. J. Boer, and B. T. Pickering. "Testicular oxytocin: effects of intratesticular oxytocin in the rat." Journal of Endocrinology 130, no. 2 (1991): 231—NP. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1300231.

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ABSTRACT The long-term effects of oxytocin administration on the testis were studied using intratesticular implants. Adult male rats had an Accurel device containing 20 μg oxytocin (releasing approximately 200 ng/day) implanted into the parenchyma of each testis; control animals received empty devices. The animals were killed at weekly intervals for 4 weeks. Some animals were perfused and the testes processed for light and electron microscopy. Blood was collected from the remaining animals for the measurement of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, LH, FSH and oxytocin; epididymal sperm counts w

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14

Clement, Tracy M., Matthew D. Anway, Mehmet Uzumcu, and Michael K. Skinner. "Regulation of the gonadal transcriptome during sex determination and testis morphogenesis: comparative candidate genes." Reproduction 134, no. 3 (2007): 455–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-06-0341.

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Gene expression profiles during sex determination and gonadal differentiation were investigated to identify new potential regulatory factors. Embryonic day 13 (E13), E14, and E16 rat testes and ovaries were used for microarray analysis, as well as E13 testis organ cultures that undergo testis morphogenesis and develop seminiferous cordsin vitro. A list of 109 genes resulted from a selective analysis for genes present in male gonadal development and with a 1.5-fold change in expression between E13 and E16. Characterization of these 109 genes potentially important for testis development revealed

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15

Boyer, T. D., and W. C. Kenney. "Acidic glutathione S-transferases of rat testis." Biochemical Journal 230, no. 1 (1985): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2300125.

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In most organs of the rat the predominant forms of glutathione S-transferase have alkaline (greater than 7.0) pI values. In contrast, in the cytosol from rat testes almost 50% of the transferase activity is due to isoenzymes with acidic (less than 7.0) pI values. We have purified three acidic forms of glutathione S-transferase from rat testis cytosol. One form accounted for more than 90% of the enzymic activity in the acidic fraction. This major form was a homodimer of a new subunit, termed Yt. This subunit had an electrophoretic mobility that was different from the subunits that form the alka

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16

Aridi, D., D. Pellicci, P. Hutchinson, and M. P. Hedger. "289. Comparison of lymphocyte subsets and function in the rat and mouse testis." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 9 (2005): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb05abs289.

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Testicular leukocytes are assumed to be involved in immunological surveillance against infection and tumours as well as regulation of local immune responses. They are implicated in mechanisms that make the testis a successful site for tissue transplantation in both rats and mice. Our previous studies using multi-colour fluorescence flow cytometric analysis to examine isolated testicular leukocytes in the rat testis have established the existence of a significant population of predominantly CD8+ T cells and a comparable number of lymphocytes expressing natural killer (NK) cell markers (NK and N

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17

JAROW, JONATHAN P., HAOLIN CHEN, WILLIAM ROSNER, STEPHANIE TRENTACOSTE, and BARRY R. ZIRKIN. "Assessment of the Androgen Environment Within the Human Testis: Minimally Invasive Method to Obtain Intratesticular Fluid." Journal of Andrology 22, no. 4 (2001): 640–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2001.tb02224.x.

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ABSTRACT: Previous studies of the rat have shown that testosterone concentrations within the interstitial and seminiferous tubular fluids of the testes are significantly higher than normal serum levels, and further, that although intratesticular testosterone concentration can be substantially reduced without an effect on spermatogenesis, the concentration that is minimally required to maintain spermatogenesis is also substantially higher than serum levels. The purpose of the present study was to adapt a minimally invasive technique to sample human intratesticular fluid to enable parallel obser

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18

Ali, Ayesha, Abdullah Qamar, Shabnam Hamid, Tayyaba Faisal, Tooba Khurshid, and Fareeha Mushtaq. "Ameliorative Effects of Moringa Oleifera on Histomorphology of Rat Testis Treated with Fluoxetine." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 73, no. 6 (2023): 1821–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v73i6.10363.

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Objective: To observe the histomorphological changes in rat testes treated with Fluoxetine, focusing on the weight of the testis along with the epithelial thickness of the seminiferous tubules and evaluating the ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera on the same gross and histological parameters. Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), with the National Institute of Health, Islamabad and Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Sep 2022 to Mar 2023. Methodology: Thir

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19

Xu, H. X., J. Z. Qin, K. Y. Zhang, and W. X. Zeng. "Dynamic expression profile of DNA methyltransferases in rat testis development." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 18, no. 3 (2015): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjvs-2015-0071.

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Abstract DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) are unique and perform specific functions during male germ cell development. To further characterize the significance of Dnmts in the events leading to production of spermatozoa, we investigated whether the expression patterns in Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt3l were apparent in rat testes at different time points during development. The qRT-PCR results showed that expression levels of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3l were abundant before birth and were present at the highest levels in testes tissue at 18.5 days postcoitus (dpc), and gradually decreased from day 0 post

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20

Persson, H., M. Pelto-Huikko, M. Metsis, et al. "Expression of the neurotransmitter-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase in male germ cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 9 (1990): 4701–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.9.4701-4711.1990.

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The gene encoding glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the key enzyme in the synthesis of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, is shown to be expressed in the testis of several different species. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a cDNA clone isolated from the human testis confirmed the presence of GAD mRNA in the testis. The major GAD mRNA in the testis was 2.5 kilobases. Smaller amounts of a 3.7-kilobase mRNA with the same size as GAD mRNA in the brain was also detected in the testis. In situ hybridization using a GAD-specific probe revealed GAD mRNA expressing spermatocytes

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21

Persson, H., M. Pelto-Huikko, M. Metsis, et al. "Expression of the neurotransmitter-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase in male germ cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 9 (1990): 4701–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.9.4701.

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The gene encoding glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the key enzyme in the synthesis of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, is shown to be expressed in the testis of several different species. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a cDNA clone isolated from the human testis confirmed the presence of GAD mRNA in the testis. The major GAD mRNA in the testis was 2.5 kilobases. Smaller amounts of a 3.7-kilobase mRNA with the same size as GAD mRNA in the brain was also detected in the testis. In situ hybridization using a GAD-specific probe revealed GAD mRNA expressing spermatocytes

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22

Palmero, S., M. Prati, P. De Marco, P. Trucchi, and E. Fugassa. "Thyroidal regulation of nuclear tri-iodothyronine receptors in the developing rat testis." Journal of Endocrinology 136, no. 2 (1993): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1360277.

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ABSTRACT Previous work has demonstrated that thyroid hormones influence testis development. Specific receptors for tri-iodothyronine (T3) have been demonstrated in Sertoli cells. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible effect of thyroid hormone on its own receptor during pubertal development by evaluating the influence of thyroid status on T3-binding capacity, -binding affinity and receptor occupancy in nuclei isolated from immature rat testes. The binding capacity for T3 of nuclei from rat testis significantly decreased during pubertal development, being 375±32, 117±15 and 44

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23

Bergh, A., J. E. Damber, and N. van Rooijen. "The human chorionic gonadotrophin-induced inflammationlike response is enhanced in macrophage-depleted rat testes." Journal of Endocrinology 136, no. 3 (1993): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1360415.

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ABSTRACT Liposome-entrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP) was injected locally into the right testes of adult rats in order to deplete testicular macrophages. The number of testicular macrophages in the treated testes was reduced by at least 90% at 7 and 14 days after treatment. Unilaterally testicular macrophage-depleted animals were treated with 100 IU human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) subcutaneously and the inflammatory response was compared in the macrophage-depleted and intact contralateral testis. Four hours after hCG treatment, intratesticular testosterone was similarly inc

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24

Sakaguchi, H., M. Kozuka, S. Hirose, T. Ito, and H. Hagiwara. "Properties and localization of endothelin-1-specific receptors in rat testicles." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 263, no. 1 (1992): R15—R18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.1.r15.

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The characterization and localization of rat testicular endothelin receptors were studied. Receptor binding assay with radiolabeled members of the endothelin family revealed that endothelin-1-specific receptors were present in rat testes; a maximal binding capacity of 250 +/- 62 fmol/mg protein and a dissociation constant value of 0.35 +/- 0.06 nM were calculated from the Scatchard plot. The affinities for endothelin analogues were endothelin-1 = endothelin-2 much greater than endothelin-3 much greater big endothelin-1 for the membrane-bound receptors. Receptors of endothelin-1 were localized

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25

Kerr, J. B., and C. M. Knell. "The fate of fetal Leydig cells during the development of the fetal and postnatal rat testis." Development 103, no. 3 (1988): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.103.3.535.

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The ultrastructure and developmental fate of the fetal generation of Leydig cells of the rat testis was studied from the 17th day of fetal life up to 100 days after birth. The number of fetal Leydig cells per testis was determined by light microscopic morphometric analysis of semithin plastic sections. In fetal testes (days 17–22 postconception), Leydig cells exhibited a characteristic ultrastructure, containing smooth endoplasmic reticulum, many lipid inclusions and glycogen. Testes of 17-day-old fetuses contained about 25 × 10(3) fetal Leydig cells, rapidly increasing to 90 × 10(3) per testi

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26

Krawetz, Stephen A., Wayne Connor, and Gordon H. Dixon. "Oligonucleotides as probes for mammalian protamine mRNAs." Bioscience Reports 6, no. 6 (1986): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01114956.

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Protamine-like sequences have been identified in poly A(+) mRNAs from mammalian testes by the use of a common, complementary oligonucleotide (GCAGCANCK PTANCKNGCCAT; predicted from the common N-terminal amino acid sequence, MARYRCC, seen in several mammalian P1 protamines [D. J. McKay, B. S. Renaux and G. H. Dixon, Bioscience Reports5:383–391 (1985)]). This oligonucleotide was utilized to prepare species-specific, primer-extended transcripts for use as Northern blotting probes. Analysis of the mRNA primer-extended transcripts revealed a discrete and similar set of products common to both bull

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27

ZINI, ARMAND, and PETER N. SCHLEGEL. "Catalase mRNA Expression in the Male Rat Reproductive Tract." Journal of Andrology 17, no. 5 (1996): 473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1996.tb01823.x.

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ABSTRACT: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to impair sperm function. The actions of ROS are reduced by antioxidant enzymes, including catalase. Although catalase‐like activity has been demonstrated in semen, there has been no localization or characterization of catalase mRNA expression in the male reproductive tract. Catalase mRNA levels were evaluated by northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization from the male reproductive organs of normal 60‐day‐old rats, testes of 10‐ to 90‐day‐old rats, and testes of rats subjected to efferent duct ligation. Radioactive DNA probes were s

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Rzeszowska-Wolny, J., and J. Rogoliński. "MspI8, the repetitive sequence specifically interacting with nuclear matrix of rat testis cells." Acta Biochimica Polonica 41, no. 4 (1994): 459–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.1994_4698.

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The nuclear matrix bound DNA fraction of rat testis showed enrichment in repetitive sequences found in the 450 bp band after gel electrophoresis of the MspI digested rat DNA. DNA fragments isolated from this band were cloned. DNA of the clone pMspI8 showed homology to some representatives of rat LINE sequence family, and complexed in vitro more efficiently with testes nuclear matrix proteins than with yeast ARS1 sequence containing the matrix association region (MAR) or DNA from an other clone, MspI19. Western blot analysis showed that MspI8 sequence interacts with testes matrix protein of abo

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Risbridger, G. P., and A. Davies. "Isolation of rat Leydig cells and precursor forms after administration of ethane dimethane sulfonate." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 266, no. 6 (1994): E975—E979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1994.266.6.e975.

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The cytotoxic drug ethane dimethane sulfonate (EDS) has been extensively used as a means of studying the regeneration of Leydig cells in the adult rat testis. This study used the EDS-treated rat testis as a source of material for the isolation of regenerating Leydig cells and their precursors and describes the procedures required for the isolation of these cell preparations. As early as 13-15 days after EDS, cells in the precursor fraction can bind low, but detectable, levels of iodinated purified human chorionic gonadotropin. However, no luteinizing hormone (LH) response was detected in terms

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30

Shen, H., K. Liao, H.-F. Wu, et al. "In utero exposure of high-dose di-n-butyl phthalate resulted in opposite effects on testicular cell apoptosis in late embryonic and pubertal male rat offspring." Human & Experimental Toxicology 36, no. 12 (2017): 1236–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327116685886.

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Objective: To investigate the effects of in utero exposure to high-dose di- n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on testicular cell apoptosis in late embryonic and pubertal male rat offspring. Methods: Twenty pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two groups. During gestation day (GD) 12 to GD 19, control group was given 1 ml day−1 of olive oil and experimental group was given DBP 500 mg kg−1 day−1 by gavage. On GD 19.5 and postnatal day (PND) 45, the testes were removed. Morphological analysis of the testes was observed by transmission electron microscopy and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) s

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31

Sahin, Z., A. Szczepny, I. Ustunel, and K. Loveland. "321. HEDGEHOG SIGNALLING COMPONENTS IN DEVELOPING RAT TESTIS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 9 (2010): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb10abs321.

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Hedgehog (Hh) signalling regulates normal development of many tissues and is upregulated in some cancers. Mice which lack the testicular desert hedgehog (Dhh) ligand exhibit disrupted embryonic gonad formation and male infertility in adulthood. However, the roles and sites of Hedgehog (Hh) signalling activity in the developing rat testis are unknown. Transcripts encoding Hh pathway components in embryonic and juvenile rat testes were localised by in situ hybridization with DIG-labelled cRNA probes. On embryonic day (E) 17.5, Sertoli cells contained transcripts encoding Dhh and both gonocytes a

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Sonu and Chauhan Renu. "Evaluation of the Histomorphometric Effects on Testis Following Administration of Cypermethrin in a Mammal, Albino Rat." International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological Research 13, no. 2 (2023): 178–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11293124.

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<strong>Background:</strong> In India, the commonly used pesticides belong to organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates or pyrethroids group. Pyrethroids are insecticides chemically similar to pyrethrum found in natural pyrethrum extracted from the flower of chrysanthemum. The available information indicates there is an ongoing concern that cypermethrin may be causing a variety of reproductive disorders in humans and wildlife. Despite testicular toxicity after cypermethrin administration, there is a dearth of literature on the histopathological features in the testis. <strong>Aim

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BECKER, ELMORE J., and TERRY T. TURNER. "Endocrine and Exocrine Effects of Testicular Torsion in the Prepubertal and Adult Rat." Journal of Andrology 16, no. 4 (1995): 342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1995.tb00539.x.

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ABSTRACT: Previous studies of experimental torsion have suggested that there may be important differences between the adult testis and the prepubertal testis in their responses to torsion, especially with regard to the potential for contralateral damage following unilateral testicular torsion. In the present study, adult Sprague‐Dawley rats and prepubertal Sprague‐Dawley rats (35 days of age) were subjected to unilateral 1‐, 2‐, and 4‐hour periods of 720° or 360° testicular torsion. Ipsilateral and contralateral testes were examined 30 and 60 days after torsion repair for effects on testis wei

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MUSA, FATHEL RAHMAN M., IKUMASA TAKENAKA, RYOJI KONISHI, and MASAAKI TOKUDA. "Effects of Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle‐Stimulating Hormone, and Epidermal Growth Factor on Expression and Kinase Activity of Cyclin‐Dependent Kinase 5 in Leydig TM3 and Sertoli TM4 Cell Lines." Journal of Andrology 21, no. 3 (2000): 392–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2000.tb03393.x.

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ABSTRACT: We examined the effects of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the expression and kinase activity of cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) in Leydig TM3 and Sertoli TM4 cell lines. Hormonal regulation of the expression and activity of Cdk5 by using normal and hypophysectomized rat testes was also investigated to elucidate its role. Cdk5 levels and kinase activity were significantly elevated in TM3 cells that were grown in the presence of 7.5% serum, EGF, or LH and were associated with an increase in testosterone production com

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Abdullah, M., and A. L. Kierszenbaum. "Identification of rat testis galactosyl receptor using antibodies to liver asialoglycoprotein receptor: purification and localization on surfaces of spermatogenic cells and sperm." Journal of Cell Biology 108, no. 2 (1989): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.108.2.367.

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We have found that the rat testis contains a cell surface galactosyl receptor that is antigenically related to the minor species of rat liver asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-r) and has binding affinity for galactose coupled to agarose. In immunoblotting experiments, rat testis galactosyl receptor (RTG-r) is recognized by antiserum raised against the minor ASGP-r species of rat liver (designated rat hepatic lectin-2/3, RHL-2/3). Antiserum raised against the major species RHL-1 does not recognize an antigenic protein equivalent to RTG-r. Triton X-100-extracted rat liver and testes preparations

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LI, LING‐HONG, ROBERT N. WINE, and ROBERT E. CHAPIN. "2‐Methoxyacetic Acid (MAA)‐Induced Spermatocyte Apoptosis in Human and Rat Testes: An In Vitro Comparison." Journal of Andrology 17, no. 5 (1996): 538–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1996.tb01831.x.

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ABSTRACT: 2‐Methoxyethanol (2‐ME) produces adverse reproductive effects in humans at an exposure level that is about 60‐fold lower (2.6 mg/m3) than the concentration toxic to rat testes (167 mg/m3), suggesting that humans are much more sensitive to the testicular toxicity of 2‐ME than rats. Previous studies found that 2‐ME‐induced germ cell death seen in vivo could be faithfully mimicked in vitro only in cultured seminiferous tubules, using the active metabolite methoxyacetic acid (MAA). To test whether human testis per se is more sensitive than rat testis to MAA, we compared the responses of

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Ishaq, Muhammad, Anne-Laure Schang, Solange Magre, et al. "Rat Gnrhr promoter directs species-specific gene expression in the pituitary and testes of transgenic mice." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 50, no. 3 (2013): 411–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jme-12-0231.

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The GnRH receptor (GnRHR) is expressed in several non-pituitary tissues, notably in gonads. However, mechanisms underlying the gonad-specific expression of Gnrhr are not well understood. Here, Gnrhr expression was analysed in the developing testes and pituitaries of rats and transgenic mice bearing the human placental alkaline phosphatase reporter gene (ALPP) under the control of the rat Gnrhr promoter. We showed that the 3.3 kb, but not the pituitary-specific 1.1 kb promoter, directs ALPP expression exclusively to testis Leydig cells from embryonic day 12 onwards. Real-time PCR analysis revea

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SYNTIN, PATRICK, and BERNARD ROBAIRE. "Sperm Structural and Motility Changes During Aging in the Brown Norway Rat." Journal of Andrology 22, no. 2 (2001): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.2001.tb02176.x.

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ABSTRACT: The Brown Norway rat provides a useful model to study aging of the male reproductive tract because of the selective age‐dependent pathological changes that are found in the testis, epididymis, and prostate. In the testis, there is a clear age‐dependent decrease in both steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. In the epididymis, some striking segment‐specific changes occur at the histological and biochemical levels prior to the major loss of spermato‐genesis. We hypothesized that formation of spermatozoa in the testis and maturation of spermatozoa in the epididymis (ie, acquisition of mot

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Bakshi, RP, S. Galande, P. Bali, R. Dighe, and K. Muniyappa. "Developmental and hormonal regulation of type II DNA topoisomerase in rat testis." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 26, no. 3 (2001): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0260193.

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Type II DNA topoisomerase (topo II) is required for diverse biological functions including DNA replication, maintenance of genome stability, chromosome segregation and chromosome condensation. While the identity of topo II in rodent testis has been established, the regulation of topo II expression during the development of the postnatal testis and gametogenesis is unclear. Here, we report that rat testis topo II is developmentally and hormonally regulated. Topo IIalpha mRNA levels peaked prior to the onset of puberty, declined sharply thereafter and stabilized in adult testis. In contrast, the

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Ozmerdiven, Gokhun, Burhan Coskun, Onur Kaygisiz, Berna Aytac Vuruskan, Burak Asiltas, and Hakan Kilicarslan. "The protective effect of L-arginine, tadalafil, and their combination in rat testes after ischemia and reperfusion injury." Canadian Urological Association Journal 11, no. 1-2 (2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.3872.

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Introduction: Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the ischemia and reperfusion process. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of L-arginine, tadalafil, and their combination for preventionof the ischemia reperfusion injury after testis torsion in rats.Methods: A total of 40 adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into five groups. Three hours of left testicular torsion was performed in each group, excluding the control group. While the ischemia reperfusion (I/R) group had no treatment, I/R + Arg group received L-arginine, I/R + Td group received tadalafil and I/R + Arg

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Pampanini, Valentina, Daniela Germani, Antonella Puglianiello, et al. "Impact of uteroplacental insufficiency on postnatal rat male gonad." Journal of Endocrinology 232, no. 2 (2017): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-16-0418.

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Prenatal events such as intrauterine growth restriction can affect gonadal development of the offspring and have an impact on reproductive health. To investigate the effects of intrauterine growth restriction induced by uterine artery ligation on the postnatal rat testis. Pregnant rats underwent uterine artery ligation at day 19 of gestation. Offspring were killed at 5, 20 and 40 days post-partum (dpp). At killing, one gonad was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and processed for RNA and steroid extraction. The other gonad was formalin-fixed for histology. Gene expression was analyzed by TaqMan L

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Habert, René, Vincent Muczynski, Tiphany Grisin, et al. "Concerns about the widespread use of rodent models for human risk assessments of endocrine disruptors." REPRODUCTION 147, no. 4 (2014): R119—R129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-13-0497.

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Fetal testis is a major target of endocrine disruptors (EDs). During the last 20 years, we have developed an organotypic culture system that maintains the function of the different fetal testis cell types and have used this approach as a toxicological test to evaluate the effects of various compounds on gametogenesis and steroidogenesis in rat, mouse and human testes. We named this test rat, mouse and human fetal testis assay. With this approach, we compared the effects of six potential EDs ((mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), cadmium, depleted uranium, diethylstilboestrol (DES), bisphenol

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Pineau, C., S. McCool, M. J. Glucksman, B. Jegou, and A. R. Pierotti. "Distribution of thimet oligopeptidase (E.C. 3.4.24.15) in human and rat testes." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 20 (1999): 3455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.20.3455.

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Thimet oligopeptidase (TOP:E.C. 3.4.24.15) is a thiol sensitive metalloendopeptidase which is widely distributed and active in most tissues including testis, brain and pituitary. In the median eminence it is postulated to play a role in the degradation of GnRH released from the hypothalamus and thus to modulate LH levels. In the rat and human, the testis is the richest source of TOP activity with levels 3- to 5-fold higher than that of the brain. In order to define the exact localisation of this enzyme within the rat and human testis, the distribution of TOP in the developing and adult gonad w

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Takarada, T., E. Hinoi, VJ Balcar, H. Taniura, and Y. Yoneda. "Possible expression of functional glutamate transporters in the rat testis." Journal of Endocrinology 181, no. 2 (2004): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1810233.

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Neither expression nor functionality is clear in peripheral tissues with the molecular machineries required for excitatory neurotransmitter signaling by L-glutamate (Glu) in the central nervous system, while a recent study has shown that several Glu receptors are functionally expressed in the rat testis. This fact prompted us to explore the possible functional expression in the rat testis of the Glu transporters usually responsible for the regulation of extracellular Glu concentrations in the brain. RT-PCR revealed the expression, in the rat testis, of mRNA for five different subtypes of Glu t

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Palmero, S., P. Trucchi, M. Prati, E. Fugassa, A. Lanni, and F. Goglia. "Effect of thyroid status on the oxidative capacity of Sertoli cells isolated from immature rat testis." European Journal of Endocrinology 130, no. 3 (1994): 308–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1300308.

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Palmero S, Trucchi P, Prati M, Fugassa E, Lanni A, Goglia F. Effect of thyroid status on the oxidative capacity of Sertoli cells isolated from immature rat testis. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;130:308–12. ISSN 0804–4643 Our previous studies indicate the Sertoli cell as a target for thyroid hormone action at testis level. In the present study we evaluated the effect of thyroid hormone on Sertoli cell oxidative capacity measured by specific cytochrome oxidase (COX) activity and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. Sertoli cells were isolated from 21-day-old rats. Hypothyroidism, induced

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Palmero, S., P. De Marco та E. Fugassa. "Thyroid hormone receptor β mRNA expression in Sertoli cells isolated from prepubertal testis". Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 14, № 1 (1995): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0140131.

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ABSTRACT A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay was used to evaluate the expression of thyroid hormone receptor β mRNA in Sertoli cells isolated from both prepubertal rat and piglet testes. The expression of an mRNA coding for the functional thyroid hormone receptor β isoform, as established by the PCR assay, agrees with the presence of specific tri-iodothyronine (T3)-binding sites in the Sertoli cell nuclei of both species, as previously evaluated by displacement analysis. The results ratify the existence of a functional T3 receptor in the prepubertal testis and confirm the Sertoli cel

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Omirinde, Jamiu Oyewole, Samuel Gbadebo Olukole, and Bankole Olusiji Oke. "Age-Related Changes in the Gross Morphology and Morphometry of the Testis and Epididymis of the African Greater Cane Rat (Thryonomys swinderianus)." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 6 (2021): 1015–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i6.1015-1019.3944.

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This study evaluated age-related changes in the gross morphology and morphometry of the testis and epididymis of the African Greater Cane Rat (AGCR). Twenty pathogen-free cane rats used for this study were randomly divided into 4 groups; Group I - prepubertal (≤4 months), Group II - pubertal (>4≤12 months), Group III - adult (>12≤30 months), and Group IV - aged (>30 months) of 5 animals each. On day 8th of acclimatization, testis and epididymis were harvested from sedated cane rat, described grossly and standard morphometric parameters (length, width, circumference, weight, and relati

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Schulte-Hostedde, Albrecht I., John S. Millar, and Graham J. Hickling. "Intraspecific variation in testis size of small mammals: implications for muscle mass." Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, no. 4 (2003): 591–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z03-040.

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Intraspecific variation in testis size is usually interpreted in the context of sperm competition, yet an unconsidered consequence of increased testis size may be an increase in the production of testosterone, which can affect the growth of muscle mass. After muscle mass is corrected for body size, male small mammals have more muscle mass than females, which suggests that it may be a sexually selected trait. An enhanced musculature may have fitness consequences with respect to male mate-searching activities and malemale competition for access to females. We tested the prediction that males wi

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Cancilla, B., A. Davies, M. Ford-Perriss, and GP Risbridger. "Discrete cell- and stage-specific localisation of fibroblast growth factors and receptor expression during testis development." Journal of Endocrinology 164, no. 2 (2000): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1640149.

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Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a family of heparin binding proteins involved in many biological processes. These growth factors act through tyrosine kinase receptors (FGFRs); we have previously used immunohistochemistry to study FGFRs-1-4 in foetal, immature and adult rat testes, and found a discrete cell- and stage-specific localisation. Alternative mRNA splicing of FGFRs-1-3 leads to functional variants (IIIb and IIIc) with distinct ligand binding affinities, therefore we have identified the specific expression of functional FGFR variants and the expression and localisation of FGF liga

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RUSSELL, LONNIE D., and RALPH L. BRINSTER. "Ultrastructural Observations of Spermatogenesis Following Transplantation of Rat Testis Cells Into Mouse Seminiferous Tubules." Journal of Andrology 17, no. 6 (1996): 615–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1939-4640.1996.tb01845.x.

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ABSTRACT: The testes of busulfan‐treated immunodeficient mice receiving seminiferous tubuie injections of testis cells from rats were examined by light and electron microscopy. The presence of active rat spermatogenesis was verified by criteria that are known to characterize spermatogenic cells of this species. In addition, spermatogenesis from the mouse was identified as taking place in some seminiferous tubules as the result of reinitiation of spermatogenesis after busulfan treatment. Rat spermatogenesis in mouse seminiferous tubules showed the generally recognized associations of cells know

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