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1
Terranova, Michele, Robert J. Jones, and Ben B. Morgan. "Predicting Performance in High Technology Fields Using Rate Measures." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 29, no. 8 (October 1985): 750–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128502900804.
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Modern organizations require dynamic, and cognitively-complex, information-bases from their personnel. Methodology and knowledge requirements change constantly with new technological innovations. The use of traditional paper-and-pencil measures of achievement and ability cannot accurately assess learning acquisition in novel situations. Prediction criteria based on rate at which information is acquired rely less on past experience and education, and more on changes in performance over time. The present research, based on these information-processing assessment techniques, used Computerized Experimental Learning Techniques (CELTS) to measure rate and level of learning. These CELTS were used to predict the performance of students enrolled in Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering classes. CELT-based learning level parameters contributed to prediction of course grade in the Computer Science and Engineering courses. Unique contributions of CELT learning rate measures were also determined after the variance in students' grade point averages were accounted for. Applications of the current research are important in the development of selection criteria for dynamic personnel postions. Future research is needed to document specific cognitive requirements of individual professions, and to develop computer-based techniques which assess these functions.
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Anghel, Ona Ionica. "Education for Change." Review of Artistic Education 22, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rae-2021-0033.
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Abstract Specialists in extremely diverse fields draw our attention to a wide range of problems facing humanity, problems that are global, universal, multidisciplinary, with priority: pollution, poverty, depletion of natural resources, war in unseen forms of humanity, pandemic, information explosion, etc. What they all have in common is that their dynamics are accelerated. Even if change is a natural phenomenon, a phenomenon that supports evolution and development, starting with the end of the twentieth century and more and more acute today, there is an acceleration of the rhytm of change in all areas of life. Specialists believe that new content is now needed more than ever to provide the information and skills needed to deal with these problems, content that offers new dimensions of education. This paper aims on the one hand to review the paradigms and theories that could build the trunk of education for change (progressivism and prospectivism), and on the other hand, to list and describe the purposes of an education for change, as pedagogues put us in the theme.
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Zhang, Guang Hui, Yang Gao, and Guo Yong Huang. "Research on Information Applied Technology with Analysis of Auction Data Fluctuations of Flowers Based on Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity." Advanced Materials Research 886 (January 2014): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.886.541.
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In order to research on information applied technology with analysis the fluctuations of supply quantity, volume of trade, failed auction rate and price series in auction market, analysis the data from Kunming flowers auction market. The series have autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH) effect. Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model with normal distribution fits yield series, and EGARCH with General Error Distribution (GED) fits supply quantity and volume of trade change rate. EGARCH (1.1) with normal distribution fits change rate of failed auction rate. These results provide basis for forecasting change rate of supply quantity, volume of trade, failed auction rate and price in market.
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Shaunessy, Elizabeth. "Assessing and Addressing: Teachers' Attitudes toward Information Technology in the Gifted Classroom." Gifted Child Today 28, no. 3 (June 2005): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4219/gct-2005-172.
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With the increasing complexity and rate of change, self-directed learning and problem-solving become vital, along with interpersonal and team skills. It is evident that new ways of teaching and learning must be devised if our children are to be prepared for the 21st century.
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Aman, Holger. "The Legal Information Landscape: Change is the New Normal." Legal Information Management 19, no. 02 (June 2019): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669619000227.
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AbstractThe legal information landscape has always been one of instability and change. The rate of these changes seems to be speeding up as societal and technological changes interact and impact our lives. In the face of this volatility, we should remain constant by being the human factor between information and our clients. We are the interface between new technology and the changing information usage behaviours of our clients. We must understand both aspects to ensure the best outcomes. Our client centric attitude positions us perfectly to be leaders when exploring, and perhaps even creating, new solutions. We are best placed to bring them back to our institutions and provide the human touch to ensure they are implemented in a way that will succeed and add value. It is important to embrace this constant state of flux and find our value in being supportive change agents, while also ensuring that we can ensure, and advocate for, the importance of safeguarding legal information for generations to come.
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Li, Ting Jun, Wen Song Zhou, Ai Hong Zhu, Zhi Yu Che, and Zhen Yu Song. "Study on Airborne Single Passive Location Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 58-60 (June 2011): 2006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.58-60.2006.
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The airborne passive location has the characteristics of good mobility and scope range is wide. The location accuracy of traditional angle-measure only passive location is low and the location time is long. Passive location that use phase change rate as observation information can overcome these shortcomings noticed above. Research the process of filtering principle of MVEKF algorithm and its application in airborne single passive location. Come up with the principle of phase change rate location method, and from simulation results, using MVEKF algorithm in airborne single passive location can reach the result that positioning precisely and convergence rapidly.
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Huang, Zuo Wei, Shu Guang Wu, and Tao Xin Zhang. "A Approach to Change Detection for HR Image." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 1449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.1449.
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Hyperspectral remote sensing is the multi-dimensional information obtaining technology,which combines target detection and spectral imaging technology together, In order to accord with the condition of hyperspectral imagery，the paper developed an optimized ICA algorithm for change detection to describe the statistical distribution of the data. By processing these abundance maps, change of different classes of objects can be obtained..A approach is capable of self-adaptation, and can be applied to hyperspectral images with different characteristics. Experiment results demonstrate that the ICA-based hyperspectral change detection performs better than other traditional methods with a high detection rate and a low false detection rate.
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Davidich, Yu, G. Samchuk, D. Kopytkov, N. Davidich, and O. Plygun. "INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OF DECISION SUPPORT TO DESIGN THE TRANSPORTATION ORDERS' SERVICING." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 161 (March 26, 2021): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-1-161-176-186.
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The main purpose of most transport companies is to provide the quality services to customers with minimal costs. At the same time, determination of the number of vehicles and their utilization rate when satisfying transportation orders is the important task, the proper solution of which leads to the full and timely servicing and contributes to an increase of a transport company's competitiveness in the present-day market. Due to the analysis results of the state-of-the-art literature and Internet sources, it has been revealed that the problem of finding the rational fleet size and the rate of its utilization to complete the transportation orders were not fully solved. From the criteria analysis it has been proposed to substantiate the vehicle fleet size according to the car utilization rate to be assigned as the "vehicle working time-to-total working time" ratio. Considering the probabilistic nature of the transportation process, a simulation model to complete the orders by a truck fleet has been developed in the AnyLogic environment. An experimental plan has been developed to reproduce the real transportation order conditions and consisted of 27 series, each of which was of 100 experiments. The variation range of input factors, which was the transportation distance, vehicles' number and orders' hourly intensity were [10;30], [1;3] and [0.6;1], respectively. From the experimental results processing by the regression analysis methods, it has been found that the dependence of changes in the car utilization rate, transportation distance, vehicle' number and orders' intensity was of linear form. The obtained dependence has been estimated via the determination coefficient, which was 0.95, and indicated the high quality of the model proposed. The resulting model allows calculating the required number of vehicles from their operating conditions. In the case study the 2 vehicles were recommended to service the transportation orders. Further research efforts can be taking into account a larger number of influencing factors, increasing their variation range and obtaining dependencies to describe the presented criterion change to acceptable accuracy.
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England, Ian, Don Stewart, and Sue Walker. "Information technology adoption in health care: when organisations and technology collide." Australian Health Review 23, no. 3 (2000): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah000176.
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The implementation of advanced information systems is enabling great social and organisational changes. However,health care has been one of the slowest sectors to adopt and implement information technology (IT). This paperinvestigates why this is so, reviewing innovation diffusion theory and its application to both health organisations andinformation technology. Innovation diffusion theory identifies variables that influence the 'innovativeness' oforganisations and the rate at which a technology diffuses. When analysed, these variables show why ITimplementation has progressed at a slower rate in health compared with other industry sectors. The complexity ofhealth organisations and their fragmented internal structure constrain their ability to adopt organisation wide IT.This is further impacted upon by the relative immaturity of strategic health IT which is complicated and unable toshow quantifiable benefits. Both organisational and technological factors lead to the slow adoption of strategic IT. Onthe other hand, localised IT solutions and those providing measurable cost reductions have diffused well.
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Zhao, Zhenzhen, and Jiandi Feng. "Spatio-temporal analysis of land use changes using remote sensing in Horqin sandy land, China." Sensor Review 39, no. 6 (November 18, 2019): 844–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-04-2019-0089.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of spatio-temporal dynamics and the evolution of land use change is essential for understanding and assessing the status and transition of ecosystems. Such analysis, when applied to Horqin sandy land, can also provide basic information for appropriate decision-making. Design/methodology/approach By integrating long time series Landsat imageries and geographic information system (GIS) technology, this paper explored the spatio-temporal dynamics and evolution-induced land use change of the largest sandy land in China from 1983 to 2016. Accurate and consistent land use information and land use change information was first extracted by using the maximum likelihood classifier and the post-classification change detection method, respectively. The spatio-temporal dynamics and evolution were then analyzed using three kinds of index models: the dynamic degree model to analyze the change of regional land resources, the dynamic change transfer matrix and flow direction rate to analyze the change direction, and the barycenter transfer model to analyze the spatial pattern of land use change. Findings The results indicated that land use in Horqin sandy land during the study period changed dramatically. Vegetation and sandy land showed fluctuating changes, cropland and construction land steadily increased, water body decreased continuously, and the spatial distribution patterns of land use were generally unbalanced. Vegetation, sandy land and cropland were transferred frequently. The amount of vegetation loss was the largest. Water body loss was 473.6 km2, which accounted for 41.7 per cent of the total water body. The loss amount of construction land was only 1.0 km2. Considerable differences were noted in the rate of gravity center migration among the land use types in different periods, and the overall rate of construction land migration was the smallest. Moreover, the gravity center migration rates of the water body and sandy land were relatively high and were related to the fragile ecological environment of Horqin sandy land. Originality/value The results not only confirmed the applicability and effectiveness of the combined method of remote sensing and GIS technology but also revealed notable spatio-temporal dynamics and evolution-induced land use change throughout the different time periods (1983-1990, 1990-2000, 2000-2010, 2010-2014, 2014-2016 and 1983-2016).
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Samara, Tarek. "Impact of the Modularity of ERPs on the Information Systems Disintegration." International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications 7, no. 1 (January 2016): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsita.2016010104.
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This paper aims to verify a possible impact of the ERP modularity on the information systems disintegration. As an ERP package could be viewed as an integration indicator, it could thus measure the information system integration rate (ISIR). When an ERP is modular, clients who desire to be independent from an ERP vendor could easily buy other subsystems from a third party; and thus the information system integration rate would be low. On the contrary, when an ERP is not modular, clients cannot easily buy, due to some issues, other subsystems from a third party; and thus the ISIR would be high. Consequently, when the level of modularity, proposed by ERP vendors, is modified from low to high; or when clients change their information technology strategy from dependence on an ERP vendor to an independence from this vendor, the information system integration rate could be affected. This paper tries to understand how these changes could impact the information system integration rate; and especially how they could provoke the disintegration of information system.
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Archer, David R., Geoff Parkin, and Hayley J. Fowler. "Assessing long term flash flooding frequency using historical information." Hydrology Research 48, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2016.031.
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Flash floods are distinguished from ‘normal flooding’ by an abrupt onset arising from intense short period rainfall. Historical information based on pre-gauged descriptive information is used to prepare time series of flash floods for Northeast England and Southwest England as decadal numbers of events from 1800. The time series show a minimum in the late twentieth century for both locations. Flash flood frequency is then assessed for three locations in Northeast England by comparing recent extreme floods with historical accounts: (1) an urban pluvial flood in Newcastle in June 2012, (2) a severe flood in September 1968 on the Cotting Burn, a small ungauged tributary of the River Wansbeck, and (3) an extreme rate of rise in river level on the River Wansbeck in August 1994. Although there have been no comparable recent occurrences, several flash floods of equal or greater magnitude at the same locations were identified from historical accounts. Using the longer historical record in conjunction with limited recent observations has advantages when assessing the frequency of occurrence of rare events. However, these advantages are tempered by the possibility of non-stationarity in the historical series owing to catchment changes, from natural climatic variability and from potential anthropogenic climate change.
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Lu, Hao, Qin Zhang, Qinghong Cui, Yuanyuan Luo, Pardis Pishdad-Bozorgi, and Xiancun Hu. "How Can Information Technology Use Improve Construction Labor Productivity? An Empirical Analysis from China." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 12, 2021): 5401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105401.
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Labor productivity is a significant indicator to measure the sustainable development potential and competitiveness of the construction industry. Under the background of the integration of global construction industry and information and communication technology (ICT), the pursuit of the growth of construction labor productivity (CLP) requires deepened understanding of how these technological advancements characterized by ICT take effect in the change of CLP as well as what the key factors are that led to the variation of CLP at this stage. The paper aims to investigate the effect of ICT progress on CLP and examine the key factors influencing CPL. Based on the data of 31 regions from the China Construction Industry Statistical Yearbook and the Local Statistical Yearbook during the period 2000–2018, this study proposed new methodology (Cobb–Douglas production function, growth rate model, and Malmquist Data Envelopment Analysis) for measuring the technology progress contribution and identified the key factors affecting the change of CLP. The analysis results illustrate that the information technology progress has a significant contribution to CLP growth, but the contribution rate is decreasing with the growing degree of development of the regional construction industry. Three main factors affecting the further improvement of CLP have been identified: human resources, research and development (R&D) investment, and ICT level. The findings can provide the decision-making reference and the general methodology for the local and international industry practitioners to improve the labor productivity performance of the construction sector.
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PERRY, MARCUS B., JOSEPH J. PIGNATIELLO, and JAMES R. SIMPSON. "A MAGNITUDE-ROBUST CONTROL CHART FOR MONITORING AND ESTIMATING STEP CHANGES IN A POISSON RATE PARAMETER." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 14, no. 01 (February 2007): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539307002477.
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Statistical process control charts are intended to assist operators in detecting process changes. If a process change does occur, the control chart should detect the change quickly. If the operator is provided with an estimate as to when the process changed, the search to find the special cause can be more easily facilitated. We investigate a process-monitoring tool for Poisson count data that quickly responds to process mean count rate changes regardless of the magnitude of the change, while supplying useful diagnostic information. A likelihood ratio approach was used to develop a control chart for a permanent step change in a Poisson process rate parameter. The average run length (ARL) performance of this chart is compared to that of several Poisson cumulative sum (CUSUM) control charts. Our performance results show that the proposed chart performs better than any one CUSUM chart over a wide range of potential shift magnitudes. The proposed chart also provides maximum likelihood estimates of the time and the magnitude of the process shift. These crucial change point diagnostics can greatly enhance the special cause investigation.
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Iwasokun, Gabriel B. "Coronavirus and Fingerprint Technology." International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 13, no. 4 (October 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijskd.2021100101.
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The corona virus disease, otherwise known as COVID-19, is an extremely communicable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has spread to almost all the countries in the world. The transmission of the virus is through touching of the nose, eyes, or mouth by a finger that has been contaminated through droplets on a surface when a carrier sneezes or coughs. Since the existing fingerprint devices are predominantly contact based, it implies that they can aid in the transmission of the virus. This paper discusses the application of fingerprint devices in notable places with high rate of COVID-19 infection as well as the threats to fingerprint technologies and the countermeasures. The need to change focus and orientation towards contactless biometric technologies as sure solution to the fear and animosity expressed towards contact-based fingerprint technology is also expatiated.
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Li, Y. J., and G. Qiao. "INFORMATION EXTRACTION AND CHANGE ANALYSIS OF MAJOR LAKES IN TIBETAN PLATEAU BASED ON LANDSAT REMOTE SENSING IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 14, 2017): 1541–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-1541-2017.
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The water resources of Tibetan plateau, particularly the lakes, has been influenced by global climate change and also reacted to global change. It is important to study the lake changes in the Tibetan plateau. This paper aimed to analyse the changes detected from remote sensing images for the typical lakes in Tibetan Plateau, including Qinghai Lake, Nam Co and Selin Co, using different information extraction methods, such as the single-band threshold method, NDWI, MNDWI, MSCT, MLC, SVM and object-oriented classification method. Results show that object-oriented classification method is better at removing ice, snow, cloud and mountain shadow, while the NDWI and MNDWI generated the worst results for lake extraction. After that, the lake's long temporal changes for Qinghai Lake, Nam Co and Selin Co derived from 12 images in different periods have been analysed using GIS technology. Results show that between 1985 and 2015, Qinghai Lake has expanded after a steady expansion; Nam Co was in the state about stable to expansion to stable. The area increased by 70.03&thinsp;km<sup>2</sup>, a growth rate of 2.33&thinsp;km<sup>2</sup>&thinsp;a<sup>-1</sup> and had a small change in area; Selin Co expanded after a stable state, and the area is always growing, and Selin Co's growth rate is larger than Qinghai Lake and Nam Co at the same time.
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Haskell, Jacqueline, Brittany Mandeville, Emily Cooper, and Rebekah Gardner. "Which Strategies Improve Physicians' Experience with Health Information Technology?" ACI Open 05, no. 01 (January 2021): e47-e53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731338.
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Abstract Objectives While electronic health records (EHRs) have improved billing efficiency and note legibility, they may also disrupt clinical workflows, affect patient interactions, and contribute to physician burnout. This study aimed to identify effective strategies, as reported by physicians, to mitigate these EHR shortcomings. Methods The Rhode Island Department of Health administers a health information technology (HIT) survey biennially to all physicians in active practice statewide. The 2019 survey asked physicians about strategies implemented personally or by their practice to improve their experience working with HIT. Physicians who identified at least one strategy were then asked if each implemented strategy was “actually useful.” Results The 2019 survey was administered to 4,266 physicians, with a response rate of 43%. Both office- and hospital-based physicians most commonly reported that their practices had implemented voice-recognition dictation software (48 and 68%, respectively). Office- and hospital-based physicians identified self-care as the most commonly implemented personal change (48 and 47%, respectively). However, 26% of office-based and 15% of hospital-based physicians reported reducing clinical hours or working part-time to improve their experience working with HIT. The strategies identified as “actually useful” varied by practice setting and were not always the most widely implemented approaches. Conclusion Most physicians reported that both they personally and their practices had implemented strategies to improve their experience with HIT. Physicians found some of these strategies more helpful than others, and the strategies identified as most useful differed between office- and hospital-based physicians. From a workforce and access perspective, prioritizing strategies that physicians find “actually useful” is critical, as many physicians in both settings reported reducing clinical hours to improve their experience.
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Samara, Tarek. "Impact of the Interoperability of ERPs on Information Systems Disintegration." International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications 7, no. 4 (October 2016): 94–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsita.2016100103.
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As an ERP package could be viewed as an integration indicator, it could thus measure the information system integration rate (ISIR). Therefore, the integration rate (IR) of an information system (IS), which is composed of only one ERP package, should be higher than the IR of another IS, which is composed of an ERP that is well (or not well) integrated with other subsystems. Some “information technology strategies adopted by ERP vendors and/or by firms could affect, and/or they could be influenced by, the level of ERP interoperability. Whether or not a reliable interoperability is possible to be developed and/or proposed by ERP vendors; firms could interoperate, within the framework of their IS, an ERP package with other subsystems, or they could implement this package as the only component of their IS. When strategies change, the level of ERP interoperability could be modified from reliable to unreliable and the ISIR could be affected. This paper tries to understand how these changes could impact the level of ERP interoperability in a manner that could provoke the IS disintegration.
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Nakhleh, Raouf E., Gordon Gephardt, and Richard J. Zarbo. "Necessity of Clinical Information in Surgical Pathology." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 123, no. 7 (July 1, 1999): 615–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/1999-123-0615-nociis.
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Abstract Objectives.—To examine the frequency and nature of problems caused by inadequate clinical data provided on surgical pathology requisition forms. Design.—Participants in the 1996 Q-Probes voluntary quality improvement program of the College of American Pathologists were asked to document prospectively all surgical pathology cases with inadequate information. Inadequate clinical information was defined as the pathologist's need for additional clinical information before a diagnosis could be rendered, regardless of the amount of information already present on the requisition slip. Cases that had no clinical information on a requisition slip were not counted if the lack of history did not hinder diagnosis. The study concluded when 3 months had elapsed or 40 surgical pathology cases were documented. The following data were recorded for each case: anatomic site, type of procedure, nature of disease, method of obtaining additional information, importance of obtained information, and the length of delay in the final diagnosis. Participants.—Three hundred forty-one laboratories, 322 of which were from the United States. Results.—A total of 5594 cases (0.73%) required additional clinical information for diagnosis (10th through 90th percentile range, 3.01% to 0.08%). Institutions with greater average occupied bedsize, a greater number of cases accessioned per year, and a greater number of pathologists had a lower percentage of cases with inadequate clinical data (P < .05). Sixty-eight percent of these cases had no delay in completion of a case, 16.2% had a delay of 1 day or less, and 15.1% of cases were delayed more than 1 day. In 59.4% of cases, the additional clinical information obtained confirmed the initial diagnostic impression. In 25.1%, the information was not relevant to the pathologic diagnosis. In 6.1% there was a substantial change in the diagnosis or a revised report was issued, and in 2.2% no additional information could be obtained. Specific anatomic sites that correlated with a higher rate of changed diagnoses or revised reports in cases with inadequate information included the small bowel, the bronchus/lung, and the ovary. Resection specimens were also significantly associated with a higher rate of changed diagnoses or revised reports when additional information was obtained, as were malignant neoplasms and therapy-induced changes. Conclusions.—This study establishes an aggregate rate of cases with inadequate clinical information for diagnosis (0.73%) and documents the extent of problems caused by inadequate clinical information. The criticality of appropriate clinical information provided to the pathologist is identified for specific anatomic sites and disease processes and is reflected in changed diagnoses or revised reports.
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Beriša, Hatidža. "The use of military strategy in network-centric warfare." Vojno delo 72, no. 3 (2020): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/vojdelo2003018v.
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The period after the end of the Cold War and the reorganization of the world order brought new challenges to modern military organizations. Total technological progress and completely new threats and opponents in the form of nonlinearity have influenced modern warfare to change its shape and form to such an extent that most theorists believe that we are witnessing revolutionary changes in the character of war. The development of information technology particularly influences the development of new concepts of the use of the armed forces, with the most technologically advanced countries naturally leading the way. The development of information technology has a huge impact on the modernization and transformation of the armed forces, primarily in the West. In order to achieve a qualitatively new, higher level of precision and higher speed in conducting military operations, in the early 1990s, many segments of the US armed forces were specially equipped with modern technology, which is based on information networks. The revolution in military affairs and its implementation in the concept of network-centric warfare have become new military strategic models for the US armed forces, along with the process of redefining security policy, in line with the new situation. Network-centric warfare has set new standards in warfare, relying on information superiority. In this paper, the relation of military strategy and its principles to network-centric warfare is considered.
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Cabrilo, Sladjana, and Rosanna Leung. "Do Leaders Really Matter in Knowledge Management Practices? Case of Serbian Companies." International Journal of Knowledge Management 15, no. 4 (October 2019): 94–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkm.2019100106.
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The purpose of this study is to explore whether the leadership change consequently imposes further changes in knowledge management (KM) practices, as well as to reveal which KM practices are affected by this strategic change. Namely, a theorized ten-fold conceptualization of KM practices has been tested on a sample of 101 Serbian companies employing more than 100 employees each. The main findings demonstrate that leadership changes affect some elements of KM leadership, HRM practices in recruitment, training and development, and compensation. Furthermore, findings depict that leadership changes have a profound influence on knowledge-friendly organizational culture and knowledge sharing between mid-level management and employees. Finally, the results show that the leadership change in Serbian companies affects sales growth rate. The companies that experienced this change had negative sales growth rate contrary to the companies without this strategic change.
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Parmele, Victoria N., Donald G. Hodges, A. E. Luloff, and C. Tatersall Smith Jr. "Adoption of innovations by foresters: a case study of forest soils information in New Hampshire." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x93-023.
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Identifying the factors that influence foresters to adopt management innovations is essential for developing models that accurately forecast the rate at which new technology will be adopted. Models were developed to evaluate the impact of sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes, and structural–external variables on New Hampshire foresters' decisions to adopt three distinct soil information sources. The soil information sources studied were County Soil Surveys, Important Forest Soils Groups, and Leak's Habitat Classification System. Discriminant analytic models were developed and evaluated for each information source. Information on use and other variables were collected by a mail survey with a response rate of approximately 60%. The results reveal that structural variables exerted the greatest influence on adoption decisions, while sociodemographic characteristics were the least important. College and noncollege sources of information about the innovations were the most important variables in the discriminant models. Other significant structural variables included employer, prior use of soils information, and participation in continuing education. All three models correctly classified more than 75% of the respondents, with one model classifying more than 90%. The difference in accuracy may be attributed to differences in information access among the three soils information sources.
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Wang, Yi, Jian Rong, Chenjing Zhou, and Yacong Gao. "Dynamic Estimation of Saturation Flow Rate at Information-Rich Signalized Intersections." Information 11, no. 4 (March 26, 2020): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11040178.
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Intersections are the bottlenecks of the road network. The capacity of signalized intersections restricts the operation of the road network. Dynamic estimation of capacity is necessary for signalized intersections refined management. With the development of technology, more and more detectors were installed near the intersection. It had been the information-rich environment, which provided support for dynamic estimation of capacity. A dynamic estimation method for a saturation flow rate based on a neural network was developed. It would grasp the dynamic change of saturation flow rates and influencing factors. The measure data at three scenarios (through lanes, shared right-turn and through lanes, shared left-turn and through lanes) of signalized intersections in Beijing were taken as examples to validate the proposed method. Firstly, the traffic flow characteristics of the three scenarios and factors affecting the saturation flow rate were analyzed. Secondly, neural network models of the three scenarios were established. Then the hyperparameters of neural network models were determined. After training, the neural network structure and parameters were saved. Lastly, the test set data was validated by the training model. At the same time, the proposed method was compared with the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) method and the statistical regression method. The results show that both regression models and neural network models have better accuracy than HCM models. In a simple scenario, the neural network models are not much different from the regression models. With the increase of complexity of scenarios, the advantages of neural network models are highlighted. In through-left lane and through-right lane scenarios, the estimated saturation flow rates used by the proposed method were 7.02%, 4.70%, respectively. In the complexity of traffic scenarios, the proposed method can estimate the saturation flow rate accurately and timely. The results could be used for signal control schemes optimizing and operation managing at signalized intersections subtly.
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Yang, Fan, Zhiming He, Shisheng Guo, Yuanhua Fu, Liang Li, Junfeng Lu, and Kui Jiang. "Non-Contact Driver Respiration Rate Detection Technology Based on Suppression of Multipath Interference with Directional Antenna." Information 11, no. 4 (April 4, 2020): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11040192.
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Non-contact driver respiration rate detection is a challenging problem in the Internet of Vehicles, because the automobile environment is much narrower, and thus the multipath effect is greater. To overcome these challenges, a 2.4 GHz continuous wave forward-scattering radar respiratory detection system is proposed based on the theory that the radar cross-section (RCS) of the human body changes with human breathing. We also analyze the impact of the multipath effect in the vehicle on the received radar signal and compare the output signal captured by a directional antenna with that captured by an omnidirectional antenna in the proposed system. In addition, the mean value of the received signal’s envelope is used to judge whether the driver’s posture is reasonable. Finally, compared with the existing contact respiratory detection system, the actual test results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FSR system, and the driver respiration rates obtained by the proposed system are consistent with those obtained by the contact respiratory detection system.
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Musaoglu, N., M. Coskun, and V. Kocabas. "Land use change analysis of Beykoz-Istanbul by means of satellite images and GIS." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 11 (June 1, 2005): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0412.
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Management and planning of the natural environment requires spatially accurate and timely information on land use patterns. With repetitive satellite coverage, the rapid evolution of computer technology and the integration of satellite and spatial data, the development of land use applications have become ubiquitous. The integration of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has been widely applied and recognized as a powerful and effective tool in detecting land use change in urban areas. This paper presents the land use change analysis of the Beykoz region, which is the second largest administrative district of Istanbul. Land use changes and their impacts are monitored using Landsat (MSS – TM) and Spot 5 satellite data in the period of 1975–2001. The independent classification of each satellite image was used as a change analysis method and the resulting images were analyzed with GIS techniques. The results showed that forest area of Beykoz decreased from 80.55% to 70.5% between 1975 and 1984 and during the 1984–2001 periods, the forested area decreased from 70.5% to 68.86% and the urban growth rate was 4.65%.
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MAKOVETS, Oksana. "Investment risks in the information technology industry." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 4/2 (April 30, 2020): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.4(2).5.
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Introduction. The development of Ukraine's economy in the context of global crisis foresees the activation of investment activity. One of the areas, where even in a crisis situation investment attractiveness remains, is the IT technology field. This leads to increased attention to investment development in this area. The purpose of the paper is to study the nature of investment risks for IT companies, deepening the classification varieties of investment risks, emphasizing the risk factors due to risk actions and ranking investment risks depending on their specific weight. The study will provide information for business management and plan the effective investment policy. Results. The essence of risks and investments is investigated, the dynamics of IT services development is characterized. It is established that favorable conditions for the IT industry development are factors in the development of the country's economy. The trends of investing in the IT industry in Ukraine and the volumes of IT services exports outside the country are revealed by the analysis methods, and this allowed to confirm the conclusion about their competitiveness at international investment markets. It is established that the favorable conditions, which are created for the functioning of relevant field of activity, justify the positive dynamics of investment in the future, which is confirmed by the financial indicators of the industry. The author singled out ten main types of investment risks: personnel risk, migration risk, investment loss risk, legislative changes risk, tax burden risk, legal arbitrariness risk, interest rate risk, currency risk, unpredictable inflation risk, credit risk. A brief description of the effects of risky events on the investment process with taking into account the industry specifics is given. The investment risks are ranked depending on their specific weight and the impact of each on the IT company's overall investment strategy, that with the help of graphic image provides the clear description of the investment risks structure. The conclusion about investment activity processes development with taking into account risky events of the IT enterprises is made.
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Singh, Shiv Prakash. "Pulse Rate and Oxygen Level Measurement Using Arduino." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 15, 2021): 1518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36620.
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Use of technology in healthcare is growing importance as a result of the tendency to acquire chronic disease like heart attack and high blood pressure. Heart rate and blood oxygen saturation is a couple of such biometrics that is monitored in this project to provide information regarding the health of the body. By measuring the intensity change of light transmitted through tissue due to arterial blood, heart rate is measured. Furthermore, oxygenated blood has different light absorption characteristics than deoxygenated blood under red and infrared wavelengths. Comparing the absorptions produce an estimate of the oxygen saturation of blood. The purpose is to examine how heart rate and the oxygen saturation of subject is measured from finger and then processed and displayed. The design, is small in size, easy to use, allows a non- invasive, real time method to provide information regarding health. This enables an efficient and economical means for managing the health care. This document is intended to be used by engineers, medical equipment developers, anyone related to medical practice and interested in understanding the operation of pulse oximeter and heart rate monitoring system.
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Liu, Yue Liang. "Research on Low Speed Serial Links Transmission Optimization Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 511-512 (February 2014): 954–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.511-512.954.
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In order to overcome the low speed serial links of the bandwidth low, easy to produce decline, low rate of transmission characteristics, This paper design a transmission optimization system, In the system, this paper proposes a forward error correction and data compression transmission optimization combined method, Transmission optimization technology in recent years has been widely used in the field of network communication. Transmission optimization technology has been shown to improve the utilization rate of bandwidth, improve transmission efficiency. In this paper, the transmission optimization of the forward error correction technology has carried on the simulation test, And the analysis of experimental data were compared before and after the optimization, The experimental results show that the proposed transmission optimization method for low speed serial links the data transmission efficiency has been obviously increased . Transmission Optimization Technology Transmission optimization techniques include forward error correction, data compression, and adaptive protocol of three parts, combined guarantee bad message transmission efficiency in transmission environment. This paper mainly studies the transmission on the wireless communication channel environment serial links optimization techniques. Bandwidth Compression Technology. Bandwidth compression is transmitted through compression technology after traditional smaller packets, such as real time transmission of packets is more than the number of packets before compression, so as to realize the goal of improving transmission speed. Bandwidth compression technology is not really to data compression, because the network of packet size and length size has strict rules, if the size of the data has changed, and is also change his nature. So the true meaning of bandwidth compression is part of the data in other ways to replace, including cache corresponding not change information data or with short data instead of long, Then after receiving inverse substitution process, complete the purpose of saving bandwidth. The most commonly used three kinds of compression algorithm: Huffinan coding, dictionary coding and arithmetic coding [.
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Griffin, Terry W., Noah J. Miller, Jason Bergtold, Aleksan Shanoyan, Ajay Sharda, and Ignacio A. Ciampitti. "Farm’s Sequence of Adoption of Information-intensive Precision Agricultural Technology." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 33, no. 4 (2017): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.12228.
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Abstract. Precision agriculture (PA) has been commercially available for decades, however only specific technologies have been readily adopted. The overall goal of this study was to provide information of the historical changes (from 2000 to 2016), current status of PA utilization, and sales expectations in the next time period. Within this overarching objective, specific goals included 1) determining the specific technologies that farmers adopt and 2) estimating the probability of transitioning from one bundle of PA technologies to another. The three information-intensive technologies included: 1) yield monitor (YM) with or without GNSS 2) variable rate (VR) application of inputs, and 3) precision soil sampling (PSS). Combinations of these three technologies in addition to a possible “no technology adopted” response resulted in eight categories of PA technology bundles. Each year, farms were classified as having one of these eight possible bundles of PA technology. Adoption of PA technologies has increased over time, with the use of only YMs and the bundle of all three PA technologies (YM, PSS, and VR) as the two primary bundles being adopted. When only VR was adopted, there was a 47% probability that the farm would add a YM by next year. When a farm used YM, VR, and PSS, there was a 99% probability that a farm would continue using the bundle in the following year. The results are useful for farmers, extension professionals, and policymakers to understand prior adoption paths for bundles of PA technology. Future steps can connect this database on adoption of PA technology with farm meta-descriptors such as acreage, type of crop, rotation, other relevant management practices, and financial variables so to better understand how farmers are integrating technologies into their farming operations. Keywords: Adoption, Information-intensive, Markov chain, Precision agriculture, Sequential, Site specific, Soil sampling, Transition probability, Variable rate, Yield monitor.
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Royle, Jennifer K., Andrew Hughes, Laura Stephenson, and Dónal Landers. "Technology clinical trials: Turning innovation into patient benefit." DIGITAL HEALTH 7 (January 2021): 205520762110121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076211012131.
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Health care needs to continuously evolve and innovate to maintain the health of populations. Technology has the potential to enable better patient engagement and ownership, as well as optimise therapeutic interventions and data-science approaches to facilitate improved health care decisions. Yet, to date, technological innovation has not resulted in the rate of change that could have been predicted from other sectors. This article discusses multiple reasons for this and proposes a newly tested and deployed solution: the technology clinical trial. The technology clinical trial methodology has been developed through working directly with patients, clinical and medical devicetrial experts. This approach enables researchers to use the complex environment of health care as an opportunity to transform the pace of innovation and create new care pathways. Instead of testing a single innovation, researchers can ‘step back’ and systematically review all areas of the patient's journey for potential optimization. Then integrate novel data science, technological advances, process updates, behavioural science, and patient engagement to co-create a streamlined multidisciplinary solution. As a result, this research has the potential for larger advances due to the emergent benefits that can arise when the individual elements work together as a whole. These potential benefits are then robustly tested, characterised and measured in the trial environment to ensure that future application of the innovative pathway is supported by the robust empirical data health care requires.
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Meil, J. K. "Value-added Trends and Technology Feasibility Limits in Canadian Softwood Lumber Producing Regions." Forestry Chronicle 66, no. 1 (February 1, 1990): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc66045-1.
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Value-added is a simple unencumbered profit measure of converting raw materials into products and is sensitive to a host of technological responses. Profitability is a key driver for the adoption of new technologies and, as demonstrated, value-added information in conjuction with conversion cost information can be a useful aid in predicting the timing of such technological change. Value-added and variable cost trends were analyzed over 1970 to 1984 for four softwood lumber producing regions in Canada. The observed value-added trend for each region's total product-mix was found to decline over time. The regional value-added trends for the production of lumber alone were also found to be declining, but at a faster rate than for each region's total product-mix. Projections of value-added and variable production cost trends indicate that all regional total product-mix conversion technologies will reach their profitable limits late in the 1990's. Additional analysis revealed that lumber conversion technologies in three of the four regions have already surpassed their feasible limit, implying that some dramatic changes in the industry's lumber production technological focus are both necessary and imminent.
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Ellitan, Lena. "The information technology industrial revolution and its role in building business strategy of global retail." Jurnal Manajemen Maranatha 19, no. 2 (May 13, 2020): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/jmm.v19i2.2408.
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The need to process the rate of information more and more quickly, forcing companies to continue on innovate in the field of information technology and devices. A large wave flow and information flow must be immediately processed and used by the company to be able to maintain and improve its business performance. This article will focus on the discussion of the success of the giant global retail and how information technology supports its success and existence. Information technology is also the reason why conventional retail is unable to compete with online retail or e-commerce. Information technology is a catalyst for complementary change, which triggers new innovations that complement each other in business processes, such as finding new ways to reach customers, and new ways to communicate with suppliers and consumers. In other words, information technology has helped build the business strategy of global retail players in developing their business strategies. Likewise what happens in the global retail industry, they will continuously evolve to follow developments in Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. This 4.0-era global retail company is a pioneer that utilizes the industrial revolution and builds its own dynasty in new retail models introduced by the global retail industry.
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Kim, Whi-Young, Jun-Hyoung Kim, and Jun-Il Kim. "AT90s8535D CHIP APPLICATION FOR HEART RATE VARIABILITY DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMS." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 26, no. 06 (December 2014): 1450079. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237214500793.
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By using wireless mobile communications and mobile information terminals, Internet and the linking of computers and information technology to human bodies effectively, mobile computing can play an important role in modern technology that can be used by anybody anytime, anywhere, and can reconsider new technology with physiological measurements and reconstruct it creatively. In particular, mobile computing can intervene in the process of inducing biometric changes before diseased symptoms develop into diseases in an aging society. Nevertheless, there are difficulties, such as data, treatment by many parameters, ambiguity of data standardization and difficulty of the simultaneous collection of data etc. Therefore, in this study, a system was embodied by excluding time limiting factors using mobile computing and selecting the mobile neural dynamic coding method based on bioelectric signals. As a result of the experiment, it could be a model for biomedical Signal Mobile Analysis Devices and mobile biometric measuring devices, whose self-measurement can be made possible by an academic approach. Furthermore, it became the research foundation of the atypical characteristics of the formation of bioelectrical signals based on mobile applications and could be modeled in the structure circuit form of a biosignal.
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Srivastava, Preeti. "Sociology and the Crisis of Social Transformation in India in the Aspect of Information Technology." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 6, no. 2 (March 13, 2017): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v6.n2.p14.
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<div><p><em>Sociology is a social science that studies society and the individual in perspective of society. Sociology emerged as a separate discipline in the mid-1800s in Western Europe during the onset of the Industrial Revolution. Industrialization brought Social Changes so sweeping they affected all aspects of human existence-where people lived, the nature of their work and interpersonal relationships. Social change, a shift in the characteristics of culture and society is such a vital part of Social life. Social Transformation is the process by which an individual alters the socially ascribed social status of their parents into a socially achieved status for themselves. However another definition refers to large scale Social Change as in Cultural Reforms or Transformation.</em></p><p><em>The main objectives of this research paper are- 1) To assess that Technology especially information technology plays a vital role in social transformation. 2) To identify that they are positively related to each other. 3) to evaluate the seriousness of cyber threats.</em></p><p><em>Indian country is proposed as an area of survey for conducting the study of above-mentioned objectives. Percentile, growth rate and charge are used to justify it.</em></p><p><em>Most popular information technology skills at the moment are internet (Computer networking). According to a release dated September 19, 2006, the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) and IMRB International, Internet users in India have reached 37 million in the month of September 2006, up from 33 million in March 2006. During the same period the number of “Active Users” has risen from 21.1 Million in March 2006 to 25 Million in September 2006. “Active User’ is an internationally accepted and widely used category to define users who have used the internet at least one in the last 30 days.</em></p><p><em>India has been facing serious cyber threats these days. These include threats from cyber espionage, cyber terrorism, cyber warfare, etc. Governments can facilitate these processes by taking legislative measures that ensure human rights are protected online just as they are physical spaces.</em></p></div>
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Singh, Bilveer. "The Off-line and On-line Impact of Information and Communications Technology on ASEAN Security – a Perspective." KnE Social Sciences 2, no. 4 (June 13, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kss.v2i4.861.
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Modern information and communication technologies have brought immense changes to peoples’ lives in the developed and developing countries. It has been a revolutionising game changer impacting on the manner people communicate, do business, partake in crime and even harm others physically and psychologically. This is increasing as the rate of technologies, especially the Internet, penetrate deeper into populous countries in Asia and Africa. Its role has been so immense and pervasive that it has led to all-round changes in the manner societies organise themselves, including in the security arena. The benefits of these technologies have been massive, changing exponentially the manner governments and people connect with each other within and without the territorial state.
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Carley, Kathleen M. "Communication Technologies and their Effect on Cultural Homogeneity, Consensus, and the Diffusion of New Ideas." Sociological Perspectives 38, no. 4 (December 1995): 547–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389272.
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A view of communication technologies as creating artificial agents and affecting the information-processing capabilities of agents is forwarded The constructural theory is adapted to account for agents varying in their information-processing capabilities and, hence, to account for technology. Given this theoretical modification, the constructural model is used to examine the impact of different communication technologies and sociocultural landscapes on the rate at which information diffuses and the time it takes for the society to reach cultural homogeneity and consensus. The findings suggest that as the available communication technologies change, the role of the sociocultural landscape in effecting social change varies. Paradoxically, this research suggests that mass-communication technologies that enable greater competition among messages and greater message complexity will enable faster information diffusion than will those technologies that inhibit competition and message complexity.
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Yu, Li Xia, Xiao Mei Shang, Su Fen Zhang, and Yi Yang. "The Discussion about Network Application in College Students’ Employment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 473 (December 2013): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.473.215.
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As the internet penetrates into all spheres of society gradually, network information technology is affecting all areas of society in a unique way. College students are an important group of Network User. In the network environment, the individual qualities, career pathways, career scope, business conditions about students have undergone great changes. Networks are becoming an important carrier for students to broaden employment channels, change the passive situation in the job market. This paper discusses the science construction of students’ employment network system in an angle of the characteristics and advantages of college students online employment, aiming at taking full advantage of Networks to promote the graduate employment, elevating employment information network to a new height, thereby increasing the employment rate of university students
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Kosowan, Leanne, Alan Katz, Gayle Halas, Lisa LaBine, and Alexander Singer. "Using Information Technology to Assess Patient Risk Factors in Primary Care Clinics: Pragmatic Evaluation." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): e24382. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24382.
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Background Tobacco use, physical inactivity, and poor diet are associated with morbidity and premature death. Health promotion and primary prevention counseling, advice, and support by a primary care provider lead to behavior change attempts among patients. However, although physicians consider preventative health important, there is often a larger focus on symptom presentation, acute care, and medication review. Objective This study evaluated the feasibility, adoption, and integration of the tablet-based Risk Factor Identification Tool (RFIT) that uses algorithmic information technology to support obtainment of patient risk factor information in primary care clinics. Methods This is a pragmatic developmental evaluation. Each clinic developed a site-specific implementation plan adapted to their workflow. The RFIT was implemented in 2 primary care clinics located in Manitoba. Perceptions of 10 clinic staff and 8 primary care clinicians informed this evaluation. Results Clinicians reported a smooth and fast transfer of RFIT responses to an electronic medical record encounter note. The RFIT was used by 207 patients, with a completion rate of 86%. Clinic staff reported that approximately 3%-5% of patients declined the use of the RFIT or required assistance to use the tablet. Among the 207 patients that used the RFIT, 22 (12.1%) smoked, 39 (21.2%) felt their diet could be improved, 20 (12.0%) reported high alcohol consumption, 103 (56.9%) reported less than 150 minutes of physical activity a week, and 6 (8.2%) patients lived in poverty. Clinicians suggested that although a wide variety of patients were able to use the tablet-based RFIT, implemented surveys should be tailored to patient subgroups. Conclusions Clinicians and clinic staff positively reviewed the use of information technology in primary care. Algorithmic information technology can collect, organize, and synthesize individual health information to inform and tailor primary care counseling to the patients’ context and readiness to change. The RFIT is a user-friendly tool that provides an effective method for obtaining risk factor information from patients. It is particularly useful for subsets of patients lacking continuity in the care they receive. When implemented within a context that can support practical interventions to address identified risk factors, the RFIT can inform brief interventions within primary care.
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Wang, Zhu Lin, Yan Bo Zhu, and Qi Chang Li. "Equipment State New Indicators and Forecasting ARMA Mode." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 2277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.2277.
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The equipment storage condition monitoring technology research equipment equipment full life cycle environmental temperature and humidity, vibration impact stress and location information such as the attitude of the real-time data acquisition and processing analysis of equipment equipment maintenance and management is the effective supplement. Based on the equipment storage state information definition warning rate new indicators, and establish the ARMA forecasting model. performance is not the same as the state of the difference between the equipment equipment change maintenance and quality management plan.
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Hollebeek, Robert, Mitch Newcomer, Godwin Mayers, Brian Delgado, Gaurav Shukla, Richard Maughan, and Derek Dolney. "A New Technology for Fast Two-Dimensional Detection of Proton Therapy Beams." Physics Research International 2012 (December 30, 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/714782.
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The Micromesh Gaseous Structure, or Micromegas, is a technology developed for high count-rate applications in high-energy physics experiments. Tests using a Micromegas chamber and specially designed amplifiers and readout electronics adapted to the requirements of the proton therapy environment and providing both excellent time and high spatial resolution are presented here. The device was irradiated at the Roberts Proton Therapy Center at the University of Pennsylvania. The system was operated with ionization gains between 10 and 200 and in low and intermediate dose-rate beams, and the digitized signal is found to be reproducible to 0.8%. Spatial resolution is determined to be 1.1 mm (1σ) with a 1 ms time resolution. We resolve the range modulator wheel rotational frequency and the thicknesses of its segments and show that this information can be quickly measured owing to the high time resolution of the system. Systems of this type will be extremely useful in future treatment methods involving beams that change rapidly in time and spatial position. The Micromegas design resolves the high dose rate within a proton Bragg peak, and measurements agree with Geant4 simulations to within 5%.
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Peduzzi, P., C. Herold, and W. Silverio. "Assessing high altitude glacier volume change and remaining thickness using cost-efficient scientific techniques: the case of Nevado Coropuna (Peru)." Cryosphere Discussions 3, no. 3 (October 6, 2009): 831–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-3-831-2009.
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Abstract. Higher temperature and change in precipitation patterns have induced an acute decrease in Andean glaciers, thus leading to an additional stress on water supply. To adapt to climate changes, local governments need information on the rate of glacier volume losses and on current ice thickness. We show how volume changes can be accurately estimated in remote areas using readily available low-cost digital elevation models derived from both topographic maps and satellite images. They were used for estimating the volume changes over the Coropuna glacier (Peru) from 1955 to 2002. Ice thickness was measured in 2004 using a georadar coupled with Ground Positioning System during a field expedition. It provided profiles of ice thickness on different slopes, orientations and altitudes. These were used to model the current glacier volume using Geographical Information System and statistical multiple regressions techniques. Computers were modified to resists to high altitude (6500 m) temperatures and low pressure conditions. The results delineated a significant glacier volume loss and provided an estimate of the remaining ice. It provided the scientific evidence needed by local Peruvian NGO, COPASA, and the German Cooperation Program in order to alert local governments and communities and for enforcing new climate change adaptation policies.
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Pemu, Priscilla, Robina Josiah Willock, Ernest Alema-Mensah, Latrice Rollins, Michelle Brown, Bethany Saint Clair, Elizabeth Olorundare, et al. "Achieving Health Equity with e-Healthystrides©: Patient Perspectives of a Consumer Health Information Technology Application." Ethnicity & Disease 29, Supp2 (June 13, 2019): 393–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.29.s2.393.
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Objective: We describe the implementation, clinical outcomes and participant perspectives for e-Healthystrides©.Setting: Three independent ambulatory clinics and an historic African American (AA) church.Participants: Adults with diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 2.Interventions: e-Healthystrides© health coach facilitated interventionPrimary outcome: Acquisition of three new self-management behaviors.Secondary outcomes: Blood pressure, blood glucose, A1c, attrition rate and participant perspectives of e-Healthystrides©Methods: A convergent parallel mixed method design was used in both pilot studies.Results: Two hundred and sixty-four participants, aged ~62±16 years, enrolled. Attrition at 52 weeks varied 50%-90% by site. Low engagement users were defined mainly by anxiety with putting health information online. The primary outcome was achieved in 36% of our participants, with the top 3 self-management behaviors acquired being: reducing risk (24.5%); healthy eating (23.7%); and monitoring (16.4%). Problem solving had the lowest rate of achievement (.91%). Blood pressure improved significantly at all sites at 12 weeks and at clinics A,B,C at 52 weeks. Blood glucose improved at 12 weeks: clinic A (P=.0001), B (P=.003), C (P=.001) and D (P=.03); but, at 52 weeks, only clinics A (P=<.0001) and B (P=.0001). Participants felt empowered by features of e-Healthystrides©. Engagement with health coaches and peers was highly valued.Conclusions: e-Healthystrides© is effective for self-management behavior change. Participants showed the best success with healthy coping, healthy eating, and monitoring behaviors. They felt empowered by access to health information and valued interaction with coaches and peers. Our findings support strong relational/social network strategy with a role for coaches as guides (apomediaries) who facilitate skill acquisition using technology. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 2):393-404; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S2.393.
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Yu, Man Hua, He Gong, Zi Yu Wu, and Shi Jun Li. "Design of Voice Carpooling System Based on the LD3320." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 2913–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.2913.
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In order to make emends for the disadvantages of a taxi software, and considering the disadvantages of existing car-sharing system for a taxi, a voice carpool system, which was embedded the voice recognition technology and the wireless transmission technology, was proposed and designed. The recognition module can recognize the voice of drivers and passengers. The data and information in the system are transfered using wireless transmission technology. The ultra-thin LED screen is the core part of the system. In the system, the address saied by drivers or passengers is transformed the voice signal. Then the part of voice recognition for the system change the voice signal to related digital signal and transmit the digital signal to the part of display for the system. Eventualy the address information of passengers is displayed on the electronic screen. So passengers on the street can catch sight of the direction ,which the taxi will go. The system operated steadily, and achieved inputing of the voice carpool information, wireless data transmission and bi-directional display function on the LED creen. It will satisfy and help people to obtain the carpool informations clearly, intuitively and quickly. Meanwhile, it can also help to improve the utilization rate of taxies. So the voice carpool system will be applied certainly and popularly.
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Cho, Jungwon, Young Suk Park, Do Joong Park, Soyeon Kim, Haekyung Lee, Minjeong Kim, Eunsook Lee, Ho-Young Lee, and Euni Lee. "Bridging Policy and Service Performance of Hospital-Based Nutrition Support by Healthcare Information Technology." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (February 11, 2021): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020595.
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Although the healthcare policy was implemented to incentivize the multidisciplinary services of hospital-based nutrition support team (NST) in South Korea, timely completion of the services has been challenging in the hospitals. We enhanced NST healthcare information technology (NST−HIT) to bridge the gap between policy implementation and seamless execution of the policy in the hospital system. A 48 month pre-test−post-test study was performed, including a 12 month pre-intervention period, a six month intervention period, and a 30 month post-intervention period. The enhanced NST−HIT provided sufficient patient data and streamlined communication processes among end-users. A Student’s t-test showed that the timely completion rate of NST consultations, the reimbursement rate of NST consultations, average response times of NST physicians and nurses, and length of hospital stay significantly improved during the post-intervention period. A segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series showed that the average response times of NST physicians had sustained after the interventions. We believe that well-structured, multi-pronged initiatives with leadership support from the hospital improved service performance of hospital NST in response to national-level healthcare policy changes.
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Muasa, Lilian, and Hirotaka Matsuda. "Mobile Based Agriculture and Climate Services Impact on Farming Households in Rural Kenya." Journal of Sustainable Development 12, no. 2 (March 30, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v12n2p1.
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Rural farming households in semi-arid regions in Kenya are vulnerable to climate change impacts due to overreliance on rain fed agriculture and low adaptive capacity. Farming households’ adaptive capacity development is detrimental to enable them cope with short and long term impacts. Information Communication and Technology (ICTS) play an essential role in adaptive capacity development by ensuring access to information and knowledge related to agriculture and climate. The mobile phone is one of dominant ICT tool with wider ownership and promising technology for information accessibility. The increasing mobile penetration rate in Kenya has initiated the development of a wide range of agricultural related mobile phone services and applications targeting rural households to increase their agricultural productivity and strengthen their adaptive capacity in the face of climate change. This study examines households use and benefit from the developed mobile phone services and applications to access information related to agriculture and climate change. Using data of 120 households’ multinomial probit analysis is applied to identify factors that determine the adoption of the mobile phone. Findings reveled that through developed mobile phone services and applications, Kenyan rural households are able to access; mobile money banking, extension services, obtain credit, agriculture information, weather information and market information. Access to these services increases household capacity and reduce information asymmetry. Feature phone and smart phones are the types of mobile phone used across households. Multinomial probit analysis elicits that probability of feature phone adoption increases with a decrease in household income while that of smart phone increases on male headed households, increases with an increase in household income and accessibility to credit.
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Agudelo-Vera, C. M., E. J. M. Blokker, C. H. Büscher, and J. H. G. Vreeburg. "Analysing the dynamics of transitions in residential water consumption in the Netherlands." Water Supply 14, no. 5 (May 22, 2014): 717–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2014.054.
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Water infrastructure is inherently a socio-technical system. Rapidly changing urban trends and long-term uncertainties make water infrastructure management complex. This paper analyses the dynamics of residential water consumption in the Netherlands since 1900. During this period, different drivers for change had an influence on residential water use. Results show that different (f)actors and trends had a role in the change of routines, perceptions, expectations, technologies and norms. Drivers of change in residential water consumption were for instance technological developments, the changing perception of comfort and external pressures, such as the oil crisis in the 1970s, and energy labelling of appliances and buildings. These changes led to transitions in the urban system by adjustments in regulative, normative, and cognitive aspects of regimes. In this paper, these transitions are analysed. For instance, full adoption of showers took 60 years, and the maximum annual adoption rate was 6.4% for washing machines. Understanding the links between physical and technological features and society can provide key information about how urban water transitions occur. This knowledge must be used in water infrastructure planning as it impacts demand and typical demand patterns.
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McGarry, Brian E., and David C. Grabowski. "MEDICARE COVERAGE CHANGES: THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS AND INTERNET USE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1100.
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Abstract An important challenge to the success of consumer choice within the Medicare program is older adults’ proclivity to assess their coverage on an annual basis and make changes when appropriate. Every year, relatively few beneficiaries alter their coverage (e.g., by switching Part D plans, switching between MA and traditional Medicare coverage) despite annual coverage changes and new market entrants. Little is known about the factors that encourage re-evaluation of Medicare coverage choices or the role of technology in facilitating changes. The latter knowledge gap is particularly relevant as the internet is an increasingly important delivery mechanism for Medicare information and consumer support tools. This study uses a nationally-representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries to describe Medicare coverage changes, the individual factors that predict such changes, and the relationship between Medicare-related internet use and plan switching. On average, 12% of Medicare beneficiaries made changes to their coverage in a given year, with 25% of beneficiaries making a change at any point during the study period. Between 2011 and 2015, the self-reported rate of using the internet to handle Medicare/insurance matters increased from 5% to 11%. In adjusted models that included individual-level fixed effects and other time-varying characteristics (e.g., health status, prescription drug needs), Medicare-related internet use was associated with a 65% increase in the probability of making a coverage change. Although using the internet to handle insurance matters remains relatively rare among older adults, it may an important mechanism for obtaining information that encourages plan changes, facilitating such switches, or both.
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Dong, Li Jun, En Guo Zhu, Qian Zhang, Xuan Liu, and Yan Liu. "A New-Type Data Transmission Scheme and Key Technology of Electric Energy Data Acquisition System." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 2342–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.2342.
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Electric energy data acquisition system is the necessary requirement to construct "Marketing" infrastructure and smart grid, change the development mode of the company and grid. To solve the problems of the 230MHz wireless private network of the electric energy data acquisition system, such as low communication rate, fewer access points, low acquisition success rate and poor real-time performance, a new-type data transmission scheme of electric energy data acquisition system is proposed. The key technologies, such as carrier aggregation, software radio, multi-antenna, networking, OFDM, safeguard and other technologies, are discussed. The new-type communication technology based on SGWM in the electric energy data acquisition system is elaborated. The experimental results show that the field application effect of the new-type 230MHz communication key technology based on SGWM in the electric energy data acquisition system is improve the interactivity, real-time instantaneity, reliability of smart grid.. Thus it provides technical support for the popularization of the information bidirectional interaction and construction of smart grid.
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Ramadhani, Yualita Prasida, Ibnu Praktikto, and Chrisna Adhi Suryono. "Perubahan Garis Pantai Menggunakan Citra Satelit Landsat di Pesisir Kecamatan Sayung, Kabupaten Demak." Journal of Marine Research 10, no. 2 (May 10, 2021): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v10i2.30468.
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Wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Demak yang terletak di bagian utara Pantai Jawa merupakan yang rentan terhadap perubahan garis pantai. Perubahan yang serius ini perlu dilakukan pemantauan terus menurus. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang perubahan garis pantai yang disebabkan oleh tingkat abrasi dan akresi yang terjadi di Kecamatan Sayung, Kabupaten Demak pada tahun 2013-2020. Metode penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif studi kasus dengan menggunakan teknologi penginderaan jauh. Metode penginderaan jauh yang digunakan untuk mengetahui perubahan garis pantai adalah dengan metode overlay (tumpang susun) garis pantai pada tahun yang berbeda dan Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan garis pantai Kecamatan Sayung dengan panjang pantai 20.953,59 m, telah mengalami abrasi pantai seluas 141,49 ha dan akresi sebesar 36,61 ha. Sehingga persentase tingkat abrasi sebesar 82% dan akresi sebesar 18%. Secara keseluruhan, rata-rata laju abrasi yang terjadi dalam kurun waktu periode 2013-2020 adalah sebesar 13,08 meter/tahun dan laju akresi sebesar 8,22 meter/tahun. Perubahan garis pantai yang terjadi dari tahun 2013 hingga tahun 2020 lebih banyak mengalami abrasi jika dibandingkan dengan akresi. The coastal area of Demak Regency, which is located on the northern coast of Java, is vulnerable to shoreline changes. This serious change is necessary for ongoing monitoring. This research was conducted to obtain information about coastline change in coastal Sayung District of Demak Regency in 2013 until 2020. This research method is done by using descriptive method of case study by using remote sensing technology. The remote sensing method used to determine shoreline changes is overlay method and Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) in different years. Based on the research results can be seen the rate of change of coastline length of 20.953,59 m, shoreline changes that occur in the form of abrasion of 141,49 ha and changes in the form of accretion of 36,61 ha. So that the proportion of the abrasion rate is 82% and the accretion is 18%.Overall, the average rate of abrasion that occurred in the 2013-2020 period was 13.08 meters / year and the accretion rate was 8.22 meters / year. Coastlines that occur from 2013 to 2020 more experienced abrasion process when compared to the accretion process.
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Chen, Mei Fang, Le Hui Huang, and Yan Li. "Cloud Computing Technology in Arts Integrated Experiment Teaching Resource Management." Advanced Materials Research 859 (December 2013): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.859.432.
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As the change of requirement of arts Careers fair, more and more people pay attention to the ability fostering of practical skill and the platform of arts integrated teaching emerges as the times require. It is the hotspot that how to use the today’s technology to promote the operating ability. Cloud Computing Technology is a buzz-word in today’s information technology that nobody can escape. Cloud Computing Technology fosters the provision and use of IT infrastructure, platforms, and applications of and kind in form of services that are electronically available on the Web. This paper analysis the present condition of arts integrated teaching resource management, and probes into today’s problem of integrated platform which need to be solved. Importing the concept of cloud computing, this paper constructs the management system of arts integrated experiment teaching resource. There will be to achieve the whole sharing of the resource and to improve the utilization rate of resource.