Academic literature on the topic 'Rate of deterioration'

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Journal articles on the topic "Rate of deterioration"

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KAWAMURA, Shoichi, Keisuke SHIMAMOTO, and Takeshi KAWAGOE. "FORCED DETERIORATION EXPERIMENTS AND DETERIORATION RATE OF KIMACHI SANDSTONE." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. C (Geosphere Engineering) 77, no. 4 (2021): 348–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejge.77.4_348.

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Mishra, Vinod. "Controllable deterioration rate for time-dependent demand and time-varying holding cost." Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research 24, no. 1 (2014): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/yjor120823018m.

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In this paper, we develop an inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items under the consideration of the facts: deterioration rate can be controlled by using the preservation technology (PT) during deteriorating period, and holding cost and demand rate both are linear function of time, which was treated as constant in most of the deteriorating inventory models. So in this paper, we developed a deterministic inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items in which both demand rate and holding cost are a linear function of time, deterioration rate is constant, backlogging
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Anonymous. "New Bone Deterioration Rate Found." Journal of Gerontological Nursing 21, no. 1 (1995): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0098-9134-19950101-19.

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Naserabadi, Bahar, Abolfazl Mirzazadeh, and Sara Nodoust. "A New Mathematical Inventory Model with Stochastic and Fuzzy Deterioration Rate under Inflation." Chinese Journal of Engineering 2014 (August 14, 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/347857.

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This paper develops an inventory model for items with uncertain deterioration rate, time-dependent demand rate with nonincreasing function, and allowable shortage under fuzzy inflationary situation. The goods are not deteriorating upon reception, but the deteriorating starts after elapsing a specified time. The lead time and inflation rate are both uncertain in the model. The resultant effect of inflation and time value of money is assumed to be fuzzy in nature and also we consider lead time as a fuzzy function of order quantity. Furthermore the following different deterioration rates have bee
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Singh, Sarbjit. "Optimal Ordering Policy for Deteriorating Items Having Constant Demand and Deterioration Rate." Theoretical Economics Letters 07, no. 07 (2017): 2152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/tel.2017.77146.

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Patel, Hetal, and Ajay Gor. "Salvage value and three variable Weibull deteriorating rate for non-instantaneous deteriorating items." Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 12, no. 05 (2019): 1950070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793557119500700.

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Existing study gives ordering policy for non-instantaneous deteriorating items having three-variable Weibull distribution deterioration rate. Demand rate varies in different time interval. Before deterioration starts, demand is constant and after that it decreases exponentially with respect to time. The study considers total cost function as objective function including salvage value. Shortages are not allowed to stay in time-based competition. Results are proved theoretically and numerically. Sensitivity analysis is performed with respect to salvage value, scale parameter, shape parameter and
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man, Su, and Vinod Kumar. "To develop an Deterministic Inventory Model for Deteriorating Items with Biquadratic Demand Rate And Constant Deterioration Rate." International Journal of Mathematics Trends and Technology 67, no. 9 (2021): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315373/ijmtt-v67i9p511.

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Nobil, Amir Hossein, Abolfazl Kazemi, and Ata Allah Taleizadeh. "Single-machine lot scheduling problem for deteriorating items with negative exponential deterioration rate." RAIRO - Operations Research 53, no. 4 (2019): 1297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2018037.

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Determining production-inventory level is one of the most important and challenging problems in a manufacturing system.Economic Batch Quantity(EBQ) is the simplest and the most employed inventory model in this field. Here, a single-source production lot-sizing model for deteriorating products with negative exponential deterioration rate is developed. In this manufacturing system, we assume that all items are manufactured using a single source. In this paper the optimal values for cycle length and lot size are derived in a way that the total cost (consists of machine setup cost, manufacturing c
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Tarefder, Rafiqul A., and Md Mostaqur Rahman. "PCI based Maintenance with Nonlinear Deterioration Rate." i-manager's Journal on Civil Engineering 5, no. 2 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jce.5.2.3348.

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Singh, Trailokyanath, Pandit Jagatananda Mishra, and Hadibandhu Pattanayak. "An EOQ inventory model for deteriorating items with time-dependent deterioration rate, ramp-type demand rate and shortages." International Journal of Mathematics in Operational Research 12, no. 4 (2018): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmor.2018.092103.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Rate of deterioration"

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Leuta, Tsepang Cecillia. "Evaluating the rate of rock art deterioration in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park, KwaZulu-Natal." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02232010-121907/.

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Alaniz, Brad A. "Analysis of the deterioration rate of ship handling proficiency of Surface Warfare Officers on shore duty." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA381065.

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Degerman, Gunnarsson Malin. "Biomarkers as Monitors of Drug Effect, Diagnostic Tools and Predictors of Deterioration Rate in Alzheimer’s Disease." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-196965.

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Decreased amyloid-ß42 (Aß42), increased total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflect histopathological core changes in the most common dementia disorder, Alzheimer’s disease (AD). They discriminate AD from healthy controls and predict conversion to AD with a relatively high accuracy. Memantine, an uncompetitive NMDA-receptor antagonist, is indicated for symptomatic treatment of AD. The first aim of this thesis was to investigate effects of memantine on CSF concentrations of Aβ42, tau and p-tau. Secondly, the aim was to explore the relation between these
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Ramani, Sathyanarayana. "A Markov-based Analysis of the State of Ohio's Bridge Inventory and Novel Approaches to the Estimation of Bridge Degradation Rates." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1271707686.

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Nilsson-Trygg, Kristina, and Anna Torstensson. "Sjuksköterskans inställning till att mäta och bedöma andningsfrekvens." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-254998.

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SAMMANFATTNING Sjuksköterskan tillämpar omvårdnadsprocessen genom att observera, värdera, prioritera, dokumentera och vid behov åtgärda och hantera förändringar i allmäntillståndet, samt motverka komplikationer i samband med sjukdom, vård och behandling. Andningsfrekvens (AF) är den vitalparameter som först förändras och signalerar en förändring i allmäntillståndet. Vid de flesta hjärtstopp på sjukhus finns tecken till försämring hos patienten redan några timmar eller upp till ett dygn före.  Syftet var att undersöka sjuksköterskans inställning och följsamhet till att mäta och bedöma AF hos ak
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Гринаш, Л. П. "Капіталізація нафтопереробних підприємств на засадах інноваційного розвитку". Thesis, Івано-Франківський національний технічний університет нафти і газу, 2012. http://elar.nung.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1777.

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У дисертаційній роботі обґрунтовано теоретичні положення та отримано практичні результати, які в сукупності вирішують важливе наукове завдання -управління процесом капіталізації нафтопереробних підприємств на засадах інноваційного розвитку. Уточнено визначення економічних категорій “капітал” і “капіталізація”. Наведено перелік та визначено змістове наповнення етапів економічних перетворень, які пов’язують інноваційний розвиток підприємства та зростання рівня його капіталізації. Розроблено метод обґрунтування впливу рівня капіталізації підприємства як причини утворення фіктивного капіталу.
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Hawari, Haitham M. "Minimising track degradation through managing vehicle/track interaction." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16366/1/Haitham_Hawari_Thesis.pdf.

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The rate at which a railway track deteriorates depends on the response of the track under different static and repeated dynamic forces. These wheel/rail forces lead to imperfections in the rail surface and deviation in track geometry alignment. The wheel/rail forces are dependent upon the quality of maintenance of the characteristics of both train and track. If train components such as wheelsets and suspensions are maintained to a high standard, less dynamic forces are generated at the wheel/rail interface and less damage is caused over time. Therefore, the amount and cost
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Hawari, Haitham M. "Minimising track degradation through managing vehicle/track interaction." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16366/.

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The rate at which a railway track deteriorates depends on the response of the track under different static and repeated dynamic forces. These wheel/rail forces lead to imperfections in the rail surface and deviation in track geometry alignment. The wheel/rail forces are dependent upon the quality of maintenance of the characteristics of both train and track. If train components such as wheelsets and suspensions are maintained to a high standard, less dynamic forces are generated at the wheel/rail interface and less damage is caused over time. Therefore, the amount and cost of maintenanc
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Charlton, Peter Harcourt. "Continuous respiratory rate monitoring to detect clinical deteriorations using wearable sensors." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/continuous-respiratory-rate-monitoring-to-detect-clinical-deteriorations-using-wearable-sensors(43821666-f390-4cab-9cd2-691c2a5a5fe3).html.

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Elghriany, Ahmed F. "Investigating Correlations of Pavement Conditions with Crash Rates on In-Service U.S. Highways." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1448454032.

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Books on the topic "Rate of deterioration"

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McClellan, Michael H. Condition and deterioration rate of precommercial thinning slash at False Island, Alaska. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2014.

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Clifton, James R. Sulfate diffusion in concrete. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1994.

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Alaniz, Brad A. Analysis of the deterioration rate of ship handling proficiency of Surface Warfare Officers on shore duty. Naval Postgraduate School, 2000.

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Lewis, Kathy J. Rate of deterioration, degrade and fall of trees killed by mountain pine beetle: A synthesis of the literature and experiential knowledge. Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative, 2005.

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Office, General Accounting. U.S. Postal Service: Deteriorating financial outlook increases need for transformation : report to congressional requesters. The Office, 2002.

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Knapp, Joseph Burke. Fire-Killed Douglas Fir: A Study of Its Rate of Deterioration, Usability, and Strength. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Analysis of the Deterioration Rate of Ship Handling Proficiency of Surface Warfare Oficers on Shore Duty. Storming Media, 2000.

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Royce, Samuel. Deterioration and Race Education. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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Cattran, Daniel C., and Heather N. Reich. Membranous glomerulonephritis. Edited by Neil Turner. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0062_update_001.

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A common rule of thumb in primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is that one-third of patients improve spontaneously, one-third progress, and one-third continue to have substantial proteinuria. The rate of spontaneous recovery may be near the truth, but MGN is usually an indolent condition and few studies have run long enough to give accurate outcomes for the remainder. However MGN is an important cause of end-stage renal failure. Treatment regimens that include cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil can improve the outcome of patients at greatest risk of deterioration, but their toxicity has l
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Nolan, Jerry P. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the post-cardiac arrest syndrome. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0006.

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Cardiac arrest is the most extreme of medical emergencies. If the victim is to have any chance of high-quality neurological recovery, cardiac arrest must be diagnosed quickly, followed by summoning for help as basic life support (chest compressions and ventilations) is started. In most cases, the initial rhythm will be shockable, but this will have often deteriorated to a non-shockable rhythm by the time a monitor and/or defibrillator is applied. While basic life support will sustain some oxygen delivery to the heart and brain and will help to slow the rate of deterioration in these vital orga
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Book chapters on the topic "Rate of deterioration"

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Jensen, A., W. Künzel, and M. Hohmann. "Fetal Heart Rate and Fetal Deterioration: Clinical and Experimental Observations." In Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70358-4_16.

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Yu, Sheng. "An Optimal Single-Machine Scheduling with Linear Deterioration Rate and Rate-Modifying Activities." In Combinatorial Optimization and Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03780-6_29.

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Praveen, V. P., and M. Manoharan. "Analysis of Inventory Control Model for Items Having General Deterioration Rate." In Infosys Science Foundation Series. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5951-8_18.

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Singh, D. K., K. Prasad, and S. Mahto. "An Economic Lot-Size Inventory Model for Deteriorating Items with Time-Sensitive Consumption and Reduced Deterioration Rate." In Innovations in Soft Computing and Information Technology. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3185-5_19.

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Lakshmi, M. Dhivya, and P. Pandian. "Optimizing a Production Inventory Model with Exponential Demand Rate, Exponential Deterioration and Shortages." In Trends in Mathematics. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01120-8_29.

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Sindhuja, S., and P. Arathi. "An Inventory Model with Pareto Distribution Deterioration with Weibull Demand Rate and Time-Dependent Shortages." In Proceedings of International Conference on Recent Trends in Computing. Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7118-0_43.

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Shah, Nita H., and Milan B. Patel. "Reducing the Deterioration Rate of Inventory through Preservation Technology Investment under Fuzzy and Cloud Fuzzy Environment." In Predictive Analytics. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003083177-4.

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Singh, Trailokyanath, Chittaranjan Mallick, and Rahul Kumar Singh. "Formulating an Economic Order Quantity Model for Items with Variable Rate of Deterioration and Two-Component Demand." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1592-3_21.

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Paul, Kailash Chandra, Chandan Kumar Sahoo, and Manas Ranjan Sarangi. "An Optimal Policy with Parabolic Demand Carry Forwarded with Three-Parameter Weibull Distribution Deterioration Rate, Scarcity and Salvage Value." In Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2277-0_3.

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Kaiser, U., R. Jede, P. Sander, H. J. Schmidt, O. Ganschow, and A. Benninghoven. "Deterioration of Depth Resolution in Sputter Depth Profiling by Raster Scanning an Ion Beam at Oblique Incidence and Constant Slew Rate." In Springer Series in Chemical Physics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82724-2_85.

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Conference papers on the topic "Rate of deterioration"

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Almeida, Vania G., and Ian T. Nabney. "Early warnings of heart rate deterioration." In 2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7590856.

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Yu, Zhao Xiao, Zheng Yi, and Jia Tao. "Ordering policy for two-phase deteriorating inventory system with changing deterioration rate." In 2011 8th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2011.5959348.

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Wang, Wenhuan, Limin Wang, and Junxiong Li. "Optimization of Maintenance Interval Based on Equal Deterioration Rate Theory." In 2020 IEEE 4th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ei250167.2020.9346829.

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Diakunchak, Ihor S. "Performance Deterioration in Industrial Gas Turbines." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-228.

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This paper describes the most important factors affecting the industrial gas turbine engine performance deterioration with service time and provides some approximate data on the prediction of the rate of deterioration. Recommendations are made on how to detect and monitor the performance deterioration. Preventative measures, which can be taken to avoid or retard the performance deterioration, are described in some detail.
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Chien, Chi-Hui, and Chun-Hung Chen. "Using Statistic Method to Calculating and Monitoring the Corrosion Rate of Petroleum Process Piping." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93201.

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In chemical plants and most refineries, some process piping is suffered from metal thinning. Take carbon steel piping for example, each component such as elbow, tee, direct piping, branches, reducers are suffered thinning no matter the piping is still in using or not. So, with an eye to personal safety and smooth operation held in the chemical plants and refineries, every effort put in the inspections should be correctly getting knowledge about the deterioration conditions. Normally, to check the piping thinning condition is to perform the ultrasonic thickness spot gauging at each component of
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Qin, Na, Yongkui Sun, Qianyong Lv, and Weidong Jin. "Deterioration rate estimation of high speed train bogie unit based on copula function." In 2016 35th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2016.7553990.

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Tabakoff, W., M. Metwally, and A. Hamed. "High Temperature Coatings for Protection Against Turbine Deterioration." In ASME 1993 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/93-gt-200.

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In this research, an investigation was conducted to study the fly ash particles associated with the erosion behavior of alloys and coatings which are widely used in gas and steam turbines. The erosion behavior of many alloys and protective coatings has been investigated experimentally at high temperatures using a specially designed wind erosion tunnel. The erosion results show the effect of velocity, temperature and the impact angle on the erosion rate.
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Nakao, Masato, Masataka Ikeyama, and Shinji Abe. "Analytical Condition Inspection and Extension of Time Between Overhaul of F3-30 Engine." In ASME 1991 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/91-gt-277.

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F3-30 is the low-bypass-ratio turbofan engine developed to power the T-4 intermediate trainer for the Japan Air Self Defense Force (JASDF). The actual field service was started in September, 1988. The program to extend time between overhaul (TBO) of the F3-30 has been running. Analytical condition inspection (ACI) and accelerated mission testing (AMT) were conducted to confirm the sufficient durability to extend TBO. Most deteriorations of parts and performance due to AMT were also found by ACI after field operation with approximately same deterioration rate. On the other hand, some deteriorat
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Sharma, M. K., Satya Jeet Singh, V. K. Srivastava, Mukesh Kumar, and Sandeep Kumar. "Inventory model with time dependent holding cost, constant demand rate, and shortages under Weibull deterioration." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE, ENERGY AND ECOLOGY” (TAEE2022). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0103855.

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Sun, Feng-zhong, Yuan-bin Zhao, Ming Gao, You-liang Chen, and Yue-tao Shi. "Performance Deterioration Mechanism Analysis of Natural Draft Cooling Towers Under Crosswind Conditions." In ASME 2011 Power Conference collocated with JSME ICOPE 2011. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2011-55443.

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Based on the developed three-dimensional computation model of natural draft wet cooling towers, the effect of crosswind on circumferential distribution of air radial pressure gradient and velocity at tower air inlet was studied, and the effect of crosswind on total air inflow rate, transverse mass flow rate, vertical mass flow rate and water temperature drops of the three zones (i.e. spray zone, filling zone and rain zone) were also analyzed. Analysis of crosswind effect on air flow field in heat and mass transfer zone indicates that the induced longitudinal eddy causes reduction of effective
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Reports on the topic "Rate of deterioration"

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McClellan, Michael H., Paul E. Hennon, Patrick G. Heuer, and Kenneth W. Coffin. Condition and deterioration rate of precommercial thinning slash at False Island, Alaska. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-594.

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Tang, Jiqin, Gong Zhang, Jinxiao Xing, Ying Yu, and Tao Han. Network Meta-analysis of Heat-clearing and Detoxifying Oral Liquid of Chinese Medicines in Treatment of Children’s Hand-foot-mouth Disease:a protocol for systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0032.

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Review question / Objective: The type of study was clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT). The object of study is the patients with HFMD. There is no limit to gender and race. In the case of clear diagnosis standard, curative effect judgment standard and consistent baseline treatment, the experimental group was treated with pure oral liquid of traditional Chinese medicine(A: Fuganlin oral liquid, B: huangzhihua oral liquid, C: Lanqin oral liquid, D: antiviral oral liquid, E: Huangqin oral liquid, F: Pudilan oral liquid, G: Shuanghuanglian oral liquid.)and the control group was treated with
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Carrasquilla-Barrera, Alberto, Arturo José Galindo-Andrade, Gerardo Hernández-Correa, et al. Report of the Board of Directors to the Congress of Colombia - July 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-jun-dir-con-rep-eng.07-2020.

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In Colombia, as well as in the rest of the world, the Covid-19 pandemic has seriously damaged the health and well-being of the people. In order to limit the damage, local and national authorities have had to order large sectors of the population to be confined at their homes for long periods of time. An inevitable consequence of isolation has been the collapse of economic activity, expenditure, and employment, a phenomenon that has hit many countries of the world affected by the disease. It is an unprecedented crisis in modern times, not so much for its intensity (which is undoubtedly immense)
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Mushongera, Darlington, Prudence Kwenda, and Miracle Ntuli. An analysis of well-being in Gauteng province using the capability approach. Gauteng City-Region Observatory, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36634/2020.op.1.

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As countries across the globe pursue economic development, the improvement of individual and societal well-being has increasingly become an overarching goal. In the global South, in particular, high levels of poverty, inequality and deteriorating social fabrics remain significant challenges. Programmes and projects for addressing these challenges have had some, but limited, impact. This occasional paper analyses well-being in Gauteng province from a capability perspective, using a standard ‘capability approach’ consistent with Amartya Sen’s first conceptualisation, which was then operationalis
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Miyamoto, Seiichi, and Rami Keren. Improving Efficiency of Reclamation of Sodium-Affected Soils. United States Department of Agriculture, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7570569.bard.

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Sodium affected soils, along with salt-affected soils, are distributed widely in irrigated areas of the arid and semi-arid region of the world. Some of these soils can and must be reclaimed to meet the increasing demand for food, and existing irrigated lands must be managed to reduce salinization and alkalization associated with deteriorating irrigation water quality. This project was conducted for examining ways to reduce the use of chemical amendments and large quantities of leaching water for reclaiming sodic soils or for preventing soil sodification, We hypothesized that sodicity of calcar
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Monetary Policy Report - April 2022. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr2-2022.

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Macroeconomic summary Annual inflation continued to rise in the first quarter (8.5%) and again outpaced both market expectations and the technical staff’s projections. Inflation in major consumer price index (CPI) baskets has accelerated year-to-date, rising in March at an annual rate above 3%. Food prices (25.4%) continued to contribute most to rising inflation, mainly affected by a deterioration in external supply and rising costs of agricultural inputs. Increases in transportation prices and in some utility rates (energy and gas) can explain the acceleration in regulated items prices (8.3%)
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Monetary Policy Report - October 2022. Banco de la República Colombia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr4-2022.

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1.1 Macroeconomic summary In September, headline inflation (11.4% annually) and the average of core inflation indicators (8.6% annually) continued on a rising trend, and higher increases than expected were recorded. Forecasts increased again, and inflation expectations remained above 3%. Inflationary surprises in the third quarter were significant and widespread, and they are the result of several shocks. On the one hand, international cost and price shocks, which have mainly affected goods and foods, continue to exert upwards pressure on national inflation. In addition to these external suppl
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Monetary Policy Report - July 2022. Banco de la República, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr3-2022.

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In the second quarter, annual inflation (9.67%), the technical staff’s projections and its expectations continued to increase, remaining above the target. International cost shocks, accentuated by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, have been more persistent than projected, thus contributing to higher inflation. The effects of indexation, higher than estimated excess demand, a tighter labor market, inflation expectations that continue to rise and currently exceed 3%, and the exchange rate pressures add to those described above. High core inflation measures as well as in the producer price index (PPI
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Monetary Policy Report - October 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-pol-mont-eng.tr4.-2020.

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Recent data suggest that the technical staff’s appraisals of the condition and development of economic activity, inflation and the labor market have been in line with current trends, marked by a decline in demand and the persistence of ample excess productive capacity. A significant projected fall in output materialized in the second quarter, contributing to a decline in inflation below the 3% target and reflected in a significant deterioration of the labor market. A slow recovery in output and employment is expected to continue for the remainder of 2020 and into next year, alongside growing i
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Financial Stability Report - Second Semester of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2020.

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The Colombian financial system has not suffered major structural disruptions during these months of deep economic contraction and has continued to carry out its basic functions as usual, thus facilitating the economy's response to extreme conditions. This is the result of the soundness of financial institutions at the beginning of the crisis, which was reflected in high liquidity and capital adequacy indicators as well as in the timely response of various authorities. Banco de la República lowered its policy interest rates 250 points to 1.75%, the lowest level since the creation of the new ind
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