Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ratio analysis and interpretation

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Ratio analysis and interpretation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ratio analysis and interpretation"

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Yortsos, Y. C., Youngmin Choi, Zhengming Yang, and P. C. Shah. "Analysis and Interpretation of Water/Oil Ratio in Waterfloods." SPE Journal 4, no. 04 (December 1, 1999): 413–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/59477-pa.

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Gol, E. М., and N. S. Avdeev. "Wave Velocity Ratio Analysis in the 3D/3C Multicomponent Seismic Interpretation." Oil and Gas technologies 120, no. 1 (January 2019): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32935/1815-2600-2019-120-1-32-37.

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Higgins, Victoria, Pow Lee Cheng, Rajeevan Selvaratnam, and Davor Brinc. "Optimizing Measurement and Interpretation of the G6PD/Hb Ratio." Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine 6, no. 5 (March 23, 2021): 1251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jalm/jfab008.

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Abstract Background Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)/hemoglobin (Hb) ratio helps detect G6PD deficiency, an X-linked disorder that can be asymptomatic or cause acute hemolytic anemia and chronic hemolysis. We investigated preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical aspects to optimize G6PD/Hb measurement and interpretation. Methods G6PD was measured with the Pointe Scientific assay and Hb with Drabkin’s reagent on Alinity c® (Abbott Diagnostics). Stability of G6PD/Hb was assessed after 7 and 14 days while stored at 2–8 °C. Stability of hemolysate prepared for G6PD analysis was assessed using QC and patient samples up to 4 h at room temperature or 2–8 °C. Analytical performance specifications including precision, method comparison, linearity, LOQ, and carry-over were established for the enzymatic reaction of G6PD and spectrophotometric reading of Hb. G6PD/Hb reference interval and cut-offs were established indirectly using truncated maximum likelihood method (TML) using retrospective data (n = 4715 patient data points). Results Samples were stable after 7 days at 2–8°C, unless grossly hemolyzed. Hemolysate prepared for G6PD measurement remained stable for up to 4 h for QC at room temperature and 2–8°C, but up to 30 min–1 h at room temperature and 1–2 h at 2–8 °C for patient samples. Precision, linearity, LOQ, and carryover were acceptable. G6PD/Hb cut-offs were <3.3, ≥3.3, 3.3–8.9, and ≥8.9 U/g Hb for deficient males/females, normal males, intermediate females, and normal females, respectively. Conclusions In vitro hemolysis and delayed hemolysate analysis significantly reduce G6PD/Hb stability. QC material cannot detect the impact of delayed hemolysate analysis. These findings were foundational for optimizing G6PD/Hb protocols for a new platform and establishing laboratory-specific G6PD/Hb cut-offs.
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Guo, Wanwu, Michael C. Dentith, Robert T. Bird, and David A. Clark. "Systematic error analysis of demagnetization and implications for magnetic interpretation." GEOPHYSICS 66, no. 2 (March 2001): 562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444947.

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Demagnetization can affect the interpretation of magnetic data significantly. However, little attempt has been made to understand its effects by analyzing systematically the differences between demagnetization‐ corrected and uncorrected magnetic properties. A systematic error analysis is made in this paper using a 2-D elliptic cylinder model. Generally, demagnetization changes the effective susceptibility and remanence or the effective magnetization in both magnitude and direction. Error analyses show that demagnetization causes the magnitude of effective magnetization of a magnetic body to be less than its intrinsic magnetization. This implies that a theoretical anomaly computed without accounting for demagnetization will overestimate the amplitude of the anomaly associated with the body. The decrease in magnetization magnitude depends on the intrinsic magnetic susceptibility of a body as well as on the body’s geometry (flattening ratio) and its relative orientation (magnetic dip) in the geomagnetic field. The magnitude of the effective magnetization, relative to the intrinsic magnetization, decreases with increasing intrinsic magnetic susceptibility. This factor dominates the body’s effective magnetization. When intrinsic magnetic susceptibility is less than 0.1 SI, the demagnetization effects are generally insignificant and may be ignored in magnetic anomaly modeling. The magnetic dip and flattening ratio only cause minor fluctuations in the effective magnetization. Demagnetization also changes the direction of the effective magnetization vector by making it approach the plane of flattening of any flattened body. The difference between the inclinations of the effective and intrinsic magnetization changes the horizontal positions of extreme values of an anomaly, which may affect the precision of magnetic interpretations. Generally, the inclination difference is significant for magnetic dips of 30° to 70° and increases with increasing susceptibility and decreasing flattening ratio. In particular, for large flat‐lying magnetic geological units located at middle magnetic latitudes (30° to 70°), significant magnetic inclination deflections are expected because of demagnetization effects. Theoretical, experimental, and practical examples of magnetic interpretation are presented to illustrate these demagnetization effects.
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Syafii, Sufyan, and M. Mizan Sya’roni. "Interpretation of Bi Al-Ra’yi Madrasah Tafsīr Makkah." Eduvest - Journal Of Universal Studies 1, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): 280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/edv.v1i5.67.

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The interpretation of the Al-Qur'an does not only come from narrations, but also from the ratio or ijtihad, and intuition or inspiration whose methods are difficult to find, because they are transcendent. This explanation is the background of the author who will conduct the research with the aim of knowing the practice of the interpretation of the Al-Qur'an carried out by Tabi'in. It also shows the fact that Tabi'in uses ratio in interpreting the verse. The research method used in this research is qualitative research with the type of library research. This research discussion uses descriptive-analysis method. The results of this study conclude that in terms of term, the tendency of the tafsir book to not reach certain disciplines, is only limited to geographic influences and is thick with the nuances of the interpretation of the teacher, namely ibn abb's. There are at least 23 bi al-Ra'yi interpretations of Mujâhid's tafsir, which are also agreed upon by several scholars, both from the tabi'in and commentators, but not all of them are the same as the opinion of Ibn Abbâs as his teacher. Of the 23 bi-rayi interpretations, 15 of them are different from Ibn Abbas's interpretation and 8 of them have similarities with Ibn Abbas and are classified into 4 parts, namely: Tafsîr bi al-Ra'yi bi al-Qiyas, Tafsîr bi al-Ra'yi bi al- Qisshah, Tafsîr bi al-Ra'yi bi al-Lughah, Tafsîr bi al-Ra'yi bi al-Dhamir.
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Guenette, Jordan A., Roberto C. Chin, Julia M. Cory, Katherine A. Webb, and Denis E. O'Donnell. "Inspiratory Capacity during Exercise: Measurement, Analysis, and Interpretation." Pulmonary Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/956081.

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Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is an established method for evaluating dyspnea and ventilatory abnormalities. Ventilatory reserve is typically assessed as the ratio of peak exercise ventilation to maximal voluntary ventilation. Unfortunately, this crude assessment provides limited data on the factors that limit the normal ventilatory response to exercise. Additional measurements can provide a more comprehensive evaluation of respiratory mechanical constraints during CPET (e.g., expiratory flow limitation and operating lung volumes). These measurements are directly dependent on an accurate assessment of inspiratory capacity (IC) throughout rest and exercise. Despite the valuable insight that the IC provides, there are no established recommendations on how to perform the maneuver during exercise and how to analyze and interpret the data. Accordingly, the purpose of this manuscript is to comprehensively examine a number of methodological issues related to the measurement, analysis, and interpretation of the IC. We will also briefly discuss IC responses to exercise in health and disease and will consider how various therapeutic interventions influence the IC, particularly in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our main conclusion is that IC measurements are both reproducible and responsive to therapy and provide important information on the mechanisms of dyspnea and exercise limitation during CPET.
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Onishchenko, E. I. "POLISH AESTHETIC DISCOURSE OF THE 20TH CENTURY: INTERPRETATION OF INTERPRETATIONS." UKRAINIAN CULTURAL STUDIES, no. 1 (2) (2018): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/ucs.2018.1(2).05.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the Polish aesthetic discourse of the twentieth century and the prospects for its interpretation in the Ukrainian aesthetics, particularly in the works by Kateryna Shevchuk, defended at the department of ethics, aesthetics and culture studies of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. These research greatly extend the idea of the aesthetic canon of the Polish thought, classically represented by the aesthetics R. Ingarden and W. Tatarkiewicz and reveal the names of virtually unknown in Ukraine Polish scientists, including special interest is the legacy of L. Blaustein, M. Wallis, H. Elzenberg and G. Ossowski. In particular, this perspective covers traditional for the twentieth century aesthetics problems, including psychology of art, collective aesthetic experience, ratio, fantasy, and imagination. Also, new interpretive perspectives of sublime and ugly, aesthetical experience are opened. The theoretical orientations of the Polish scholars, in one way or another, were connected with the cornerstones of the aesthetic science - its subject, the conceptual-categorical apparatus, the structure of aesthetic consciousness, the phenomenon of artistic creativity, the specific nature of art, and others. In the process of conceptual concretization, in the field of Polish aesthetics a number of problems have been rather clearly distinguished, among which the special attention of practically all of its leading representatives has attracted the phenomenon of aesthetical experience. K. Shevchuk’s investigation opens up an opportunity, at least in the format of a secondary interpretation, to join the research of the Polish scholars, whose work proved to be a giant "white spot" for the Ukrainian aestheticians. Introducing actually unexplored concepts Polish scientists to the modern Ukrainian aesthetic theory not only facilitates the opening of "unknown pages" in the history of the twentieth century aesthetics, but also makes actual mark of new approaches to the analysis of classical problems, the relevance of which will never be a subject of doubt.
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Şişman, Eyüp, and Burak Kizilöz. "Artificial neural network system analysis and Kriging methodology for estimation of non-revenue water ratio." Water Supply 20, no. 5 (May 14, 2020): 1871–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.095.

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Abstract The non-revenue water (NRW) ratio parameter is significantly important for performance evaluation of water distribution systems. In order to evaluate the NRW ratio, the variables influencing this parameter should be determined. Therefore, the first aim of the paper is to define the variables which are influential on the estimation of the NRW ratio and then analyze these variables by using artificial neural networks (ANNs) methodology by means of 50 models with one, two, three, and four-variable input. Secondly, in this study, the NRW ratios have been predicted for the first time by using the Kriging methodology through only two variables. By using the data measured in 12 district meter areas (DMA) in Kocaeli, 60 models in total have been established for NRW ratio prediction through the ANN and Kriging methodologies. The ANN models are closed-box models and therefore the interpretation of the ANN model results requires higher expert opinion. As a consequence, the results show that Kriging model graphs produce much more useful information than ANN models in terms of application and interpretation.
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Righetti, Timothy L., David R. Sandrock, Bernadine Strik, and Anita Azarenko. "Appropriate Analysis and Interpretation Approaches to Determine Fertilizer-derived Nitrogen in Plant Tissues." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 3 (May 2007): 429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.3.429.

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Two approaches for estimating the amount of nitrogen (N) in plant tissues derived from labeled fertilizer were evaluated for two tissue types (root and shoot) in three different genera. In the first, atom percentage values obtained by mass spectrometry were converted to the portion of N derived from the fertilizer (NDFF). In the second, the slope of the regression line for the relationship between total N and labeled fertilizer N was used to represent the incremental increase in fertilizer N for each unit increase in total N. These two approaches were applied to data collected during container experiments. Unless a plot of total N versus labeled fertilizer N passes through the origin, conventional ratio-based estimates of the amount of NDFF for plants or tissues are often misleading. When nonzero intercepts occur, NDFF is dependent on the size (total N content) of the tissue or plant. Nonzero intercepts were frequently encountered. An analysis of regression lines describing the relationship between total N gain and fertilizer N produces a different interpretation than evaluations of the NDFF for treatment means. When an analysis of covariance was used to account for differences in total N between tissues and genera, results were generally consistent with the graphical observations and regression analysis. If only ratio-based approaches are used, it is difficult to determine if there are real physiological differences among treatments, genera, and tissues or if differences in NDFF are size-related. Because the data easily can be analyzed several ways, simultaneously evaluating data with ratio-based NDFF, covariates, and regression is appropriate.
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Sun, L., and X. S. Gan. "ANALYSIS OF DENOISING INTERPRETATION OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGE BASED ON ICA-WAVELET TRANSFORM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W10 (February 7, 2020): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w10-411-2020.

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Abstract. The noise will blur the key information of the remote sensing image, such as edge texture and important feature information, which will result in the loss of key information contained in the remote sensing image, resulting in the degradation of the overall quality of the image, which will bring difficulties to the interpretation work. Therefore, in order to obtain higher precision, signal-to-noise ratio and improve the quality of remote sensing image, denoising the remote sensing image containing noise is a crucial step and processing step for image remote sensing image application.In this paper, the ICA wavelet analysis algorithm is applied to the application of real-time remote sensing image denoising. A series of pre-processing procedures such as control point correction, image fusion and image mosaic are carried out on the Asian sub-level remote sensing image, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the remote sensing image is adopted. (SNR/dB) and mean square error (RMSE) verify the image quality after denoising.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ratio analysis and interpretation"

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Du, Toit Elda. "Using financial analysis and interpretation as a foundation to comprehend financial health." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24645.

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The ability to measure the financial health of a company is becoming an increasingly serious issue. One only needs to think of the widely published irregularities in companies such as Enron, Parmalat and Macmed to grasp something of the magnitude of the losses and other problems that investors can face if they do not have the ability to “predict” possible problems. There are individuals who are constantly identifying new and ingenious ways to deceive their customers, investors, the government and others. It is important for parties with an interest in a company to devise new ways to identify how financial analyses can be used to protect their interests. Managers are primarily responsible for the prevention and identification of accounting irregularities. Unfortunately, at the same time, they may also be assumed to be the primary perpetrators of accounting irregularities, because they are in a position to manipulate accounting records and bypass control measures more easily than anyone else in a company. The main aim of this study is to determine whether financial analysis and interpretation can be applied by interested parties to measure financial health and by implication identify accounting irregularities. Proof that this is possible has the potential to be used in analyses, by all parties with an interest in a company, to determine financial health and to identify irregularities in the financial statements. The study begins with a literature review, which provides an explanation of accounting irregularities and related matters, as well as an overview of previous uses of financial analyses to determine whether such analyses are useful in the identification of irregularities in the financial statements.   The objectives of the study are as follows:
  • An investigation into the characteristics, as identified by researchers locally and abroad, that are displayed by companies with a higher risk of or occurrence of accounting irregularities.
  • A survey of the media by means of a literature review to identify case study companies that had allegations of accounting irregularities against them.
  • The analysis of the case study companies in a quantitative and qualitative way to determine whether the characteristics that are identified as part of the first objective hold true in practice.
  • Statistical analyses of the share price data of the case study companies in the form of an event study, a regression analysis and a structural break analysis to determine when and under what circumstances significant changes happened.
  • Conduct a survey involving the creators and the users of financial statements in order to observe their experience regarding the usefulness of financial statements to reveal financial health. This is done by means of questionnaires that are analysed statistically, designed to derive conclusions of what practitioners tend to experience in practice and what their feelings are regarding the use of financial statements and accounting data in an analysis of the financial health of a company.
On the basis of the case studies, nine of 18 identified characteristics were found to be useful in the identification of accounting irregularities by parties other than managers. They are: 1. company age; 2. company culture; 3. debt levels; 4. directors’ behaviour and character; 5. financial distress; 6. industry or sector; 7. liquidity; 8. management’s behaviour and character; and 9. remuneration policies. A further eight additional characteristics were also identified as useful in the identification of accounting irregularities. They are: 1. acquisitions, mergers and other restructuring; 2. dividends; 3. opposite movements from the industry or sector; 4. period before irregularities are detected; 5. “preparing” interested parties for the annual report; 6. share price changes; 7. significant changes; and 8. tax. The results of the review of the companies’ financial information are supplemented with a statistical analysis of the companies’ share price data as well as a questionnaire that are submitted to the users and compilers of financial statements. The aim of the first statistical analysis, consisting of event studies, regression analyses and structural break analyses, is to support the findings regarding the characteristics of companies with increased risk of accounting irregularities. The questionnaire set out to relate the subjective opinions of the users and compilers of financial statements with the findings of the study. The results of the study provide proof that interested parties have the ability to use the identified company characteristics to indicate increased accounting irregularity risk.
Thesis (DCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Financial Management
unrestricted
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Maher, Kierran C. "Analysis of copper isotope ratios by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and interpretation of copper isotope ratios from copper mineralization." Online access for everyone, 2005. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2005/k%5Fmaher%5F072705.pdf.

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Fays, Gérard. "Boltzmann machine applied to financial ratio analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59399.

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This thesis presents an implementation of supervised learning performed with a stochastic neural net, as applied to a classification of business firms based on financial statements and ratios. The general Boltzmann Machine Algorithm is presented in detail, as well as the specific version designed for this application. We describe in detail several classifications that we attempted to reproduce, and some of the different possible ways of encoding the data issued from the income statements and the balance sheet. The results are shown to depend on the chosen encoding. We also confirm that the neural net behaves better when it is trained on the most difficult cases.
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Whang, Eunyoung. "Profitability Ratio Analysis for Professional Service Firms." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/104035.

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Business Administration/Accounting
Ph.D.
The DuPont analysis is one of the most commonly used financial analysis tools for traditional businesses. It disaggregates return on equity (ROE) into profit margin (PM), asset turnover (ATO), and leverage (LEV) thereby providing value-relevant information relative to aggregated profitability. In this paper, I extend the use of the DuPont model to the professional service industry. The professional service industry has recently become one of the fastest growing segments driving the U.S. economy (USITC 2009, U.S. Census Bureau of Economic Analysis 2009). Unlike traditional businesses whose key business assets are their physical assets, professional service firms rely on human capital assets that are not recognized in the balance sheet. I introduce a profitability ratio analysis model that focuses on human capital. I validate the model by examining whether the disaggregated profitability ratios for professional service firms add relevant information over aggregated ratio in the same way as they do for traditional businesses. I use law firms as a representative segment of the professional service sector to empirically evaluate my model. I collect financial and human resource data for 81 of the 100 largest U.S. law firms from 2000 to 2007 then disaggregate profit per equity partner (PPP) into the three profitability ratios: profit margin (PM), revenue per lawyer (RPL), and leverage (LEV). I compare the absolute forecasting error (AFE) of the simple AR (1) model that uses only the current year profit per equity partner (PPP) to forecast one-year ahead profit per equity partner (PPP) and my model that uses the three profitability ratio model (PM, RPL, and LEV) of current year to forecast one-year ahead profit per equity partner (PPP). I find that using the disaggregated profitability ratios significantly improves forecasting of future profitability relative to using only profit per equity partner (PPP), analogous to similar results documented for the DuPont model in Fairfield and Yohn (2001) and Soliman (2004). I examine which firm characteristics are associated with the profitability ratios. I include four firm characteristics variables (STRUCTURE, SCOPE-INTL, SCOPE-RGNL, and SCALE) that are commonly used in economic analysis of industrial organizations. I find that the profitability ratios are systematically associated with firm characteristics that reveal information on the business models of individual firms. Leverage (LEV) is higher in law firms with non-equity partners (STRUCTURE), international focus (SCOPE-INTL), regional focus (SCOPE-RGNL), or large size (SCALE). Law firms that are large sized (SCALE) or regional focused (SCOPE-RGNL) command premium fee (high RPL) on average, but law firms with international focus or with non-equity partners do not.
Temple University--Theses
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Montagut, Calvo Marta. "L'agenda temàtica i la construcció de marcs interpretatius a la ràdio. El cas de la sentència de l'Estatut de Catalunya." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/87116.

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La construcció de l’agenda (agenda building) i els marcs interpretatius (frame building) en els mitjans és un procés complex on intervenen una gran varietat d’actors. La present tesis doctoral analitza, per una banda, la relació entre periodistes i responsables de premsa de partits polítics i la negociació que estableixen per tal d’influir en l’elaboració de la informació i l’opinió polítiques que s’emeten a la ràdio matinal catalana. Per altra banda, s’aplica un frame analysis en tres nivells –intervenció, locució i estructura- al contingut radiofònic. Es pren com a cas d’estudi la reacció mediàtica a l’anunci de la sentència del Tribunal Constitucional sobre l’Estatut de Catalunya. Aquesta anàlisi no només mostra les característiques lèxiques i retòriques dels principals marcs interpretatius (media frames) apareguts en antena sinó que també evidencia l’existència d’una gran diversitat d’estratègies per part de periodistes (reframers) i polítics (frame sponsors) per tal de mantenir el control del seu propi marc en antena.
Agenda and frame building in the media is a complex process in which several actors intervene. This doctoral thesis analyses the relationship between journalists and political PRs and the negotiations established to influence into the information and opinion making process of the Catalan radio programmes. The research applies a three level frame analysis –intervention, speech and structure- to the radio content. The study observes media reaction to the announcement of Constitutional Court sentence about the Catalan Statute. This analysis not only shows the lexical and rhetorical characteristics of the main media frames detected on air, but also the diverse strategies to control the own frame on air made by journalists (framers) and political actors (frame sponsors).
La construcción de la agenda y los marcos interpretativos en los medios es un proceso complejo donde intervienen una gran diversidad de actores. La presente tesis doctoral analiza, por un lado, la relación entre periodistas y responsables de prensa de partidos políticos y la negociación que establecen para tratar de influir en la elaboración de la información y la opinión políticas en la radio matinal catalana. Por otro lado se aplica un frame analysis en tres niveles – intervención, locución y estructura- al contenido radiofónico. Se toma como caso de estudio la reacción mediática al anuncio de la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional sobre el Estatuto de Cataluña. Este análisis no sólo muestra las características léxicas y retóricas de los principales marcos interpretativos (media frames) aparecidos en antena sino que también evidencia la existencia de una gran diversidad de estrategias por parte de periodistas (reframers) y políticos (frame sponsors) con el objetivo de mantener el control su propio marco en antena.
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Fadipe, Oluwaseun Adejuwon. "Reservoir quality, structural architecture, fluid evolution and their controls on reservoir performance in block 9, F-O gas field, Bredasdorp Basin, offshore South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4005.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The use of integrated approach to evaluate the quality of reservoir rocks is increasingly becoming vital in petroleum geoscience. This approach was employed to unravel the reason for the erratic reservoir quality of sandstones of the F-O gas field with the aim of predicting reservoir quality, evaluate the samples for presence, distribution and character of hydrocarbon inclusions so as to gain a better understanding of the fluid history. Information on the chemical conditions of diagenetic processes is commonly preserved in aqueous and oil fluid inclusion occurring in petroleum reservoir cements. Diagenesis plays a vital role in preserving, creating, or destroying porosity and permeability, while the awareness of the type of trap(s) prior to drilling serves as input for appropriate drilling designs. Thus an in-depth understanding of diagenetic histories and trap mechanisms of potential reservoirs are of paramount interest during exploration stage.This research work focused on the F-O tract located in the eastern part of Block 9 on the north-eastern flank of the Bredasdorp Basin, a sub-basin of Outeniqua Basin on the southern continental shelf, offshore South Africa. The Bredasdorp Basin experienced an onset of rifting during the Middle-Late Jurassic as a result of dextral trans-tensional stress produced by the breakup of Gondwanaland that occurred in the east of the Falkland Plateau and the Mozambique Ridge. This phenomenon initiated a normal faulting, north of the Agulhas-Falkland fracture zone followed by a widespread uplift of major bounding arches within the horst blocks in the region that enhanced an erosion of lower Valanginian drift to onset second order unconformity.This study considered 52 selected reservoir core samples from six wells(F-O1, F-O2, F-O3, F-O4, F-R1 and F-S1) in the F-O field of Bredasdorp Basin with attention on the Valanginian age sandstone. An integrated approach incorporating detailed core descriptions, wireline log analysis (using Interactive petrophysics), structural interpretation from 2D seismic lines (using SMT software) cutting across all the six wells, multi-mineral (thin section, SEM,XRD) analyses, geochemical (immobile fluid and XRF) and fluid inclusion(fluid inclusion petrography and bulk volatile) analyses were deployed for the execution of this study. Core description revealed six facies from the six wells grading from pure shale (Facies 1), through progressively coarsening interbedded sand-shale “heterolithic facies (Facies 2 - 4), to cross bedded and minor massive sandstone (Facies 5 - 6). Sedimentary structures and mineral patches varies from well to well with bioturbation, synaeresis crack, echinoid fragments, fossil burrow, foreset mudrapes, glauconite and siderite as the main observed features. All these indicate that the Valanginian reservoir section in the studied wells was deposited in the upper shallow marine settings. A combination of wireline logs were used to delineate the reservoir zone prior to core description. The principal reservoirs are tight, highly faulted Valanginian shallow-marine sandstones beneath the drift-onset unconformity, 1At1 and were deposited as an extensive sandstone “sheet” within a tidal setting. The top and base of the reservoir are defined by the 13At1 and 1At1 seismic events,respectively. This heterogeneous reservoir sandstones present low-fair porosity of between 2 to 18 % and a low-fair permeability value greater than 0.1 to 10 mD. The evolution of the F-O field was found to be controlled by extensional events owing to series of interpreted listric normal faults and rifting or graben generated possibly by the opening of the Atlantic. The field is on a well-defined structural high at the level of the regional drift-onset unconformity, 1At1.Multi-mineral analysis reveals the presence of quartz and kaolinite as the major porosity and permeability constraint respectively along with micaceous phases. The distribution of quartz and feldspar overgrowth and crystals vary from formation to formation and from bed to bed within the same structure. The increase in temperature that led to kaolinite formation could have triggered the low-porosity observed. Three types of kaolinite were recognized in the sandstone, (1) kaolinite growing in between expanded mica flakes; (2)vermiform kaolinite; and (3) euhedral kaolinite crystals forming matrix.Compositional study of the upper shallow marine sandstones in the Valanginian age indicates that the sandstones are geochemically classified as majorly litharenite having few F-O2 samples as subarkose with all F-O1 samples classified as sub-litharenite sandstone.Most of the studied wells are more of wet gas, characterized by strong response of C2 – C5 with F-O1 well showing more of gas condensate with oil shows (C7 – C11) based on the number of carbon atom present. In some cases,sulphur species (characterized by the presence of H2S, S2, CS2 and SO2) of probably thermal origin were identified while some log signatures revealed aromatic enriched sandstones possibly detecting nearby gas charges. The studied wells in the F-O field, based on fluid inclusion bulk volatile analysis are classified as gas discoveries except for F-O1 with gas condensate and oil shows.The integration of multi-mineral results and fluid inclusion studies show a dead oil stain with no visible liquid petroleum inclusion in the samples indicating the presence of quartz, kaolinite and stylolite as a major poro-perm constraint.
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Kenney, Shane P. "Financial ratio analysis of audited Federal Financial Statements." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA380207.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.
Thesis advisor(s): Moses, O. Douglas ; Liao, Shu S. "June 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-112). Also available online.
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Agnihotri, Satish Balram. "Sex ratio imbalances in India : a disaggregated analysis." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338059.

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Schoonees, Johann August. "A likelihood ratio analysis of digital phase modulation." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19508.

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Bibliography: p. 180-188.
Although the likelihood ratio forms the theoretical basis for maximum likelihood (ML) detection in coherent digital communication systems, it has not been applied directly to the problem of designing good trellis-coded modulation (TOM) schemes. The remarkably simple optimal receiver of minimum shift keying (MSK) has been shown to result from the mathematical simplification of its likelihood ratio into a single term. The log-likelihood ratio then becomes a linear sum of metrics which can be implemented as a so-called simplified receiver, comprising only a few adders and delay elements. This thesis project investigated the possible existence of coded modulation schemes with similarly simplifying likelihood ratios, which would have almost trivially simple receivers compared to the Viterbi decoders which are typically required for maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE). A useful notation, called the likelihood transform, was presented to aid the analysis of likelihood ratios. The work concentrated initially on computer-aided searches, first for trellis codes which may give rise to simplifying likelihood ratios for continuous phase modulation (CPM), and then for mathematical identities which may aid in the simplification of generic likelihood ratios for equal-energy modulation. The first search yielded no simplified receivers, and all the identities produced by the second search had structures similar to the likelihood ratio of MSK. These observations prompted a formal proof of the non-existence of simplified receivers which use information from more than two symbols in their observation period. This result strictly bounds the error performance that is possible with a simplified receiver. It was also proved that simplified receivers are only optimal for modulation schemes which use no more than two pairs of antipodal signals, and that only binary modulation schemes can have simplified receivers which use information from all the symbols in their observation period.
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Du, Toit Gerhard. "The significance of postmodern theories of interpretation for contractual interpretation : a critical analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1245.

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Thesis (LLD (Mercantile Law))--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.
The objective of this study is to examine the significance of postmodern insights regarding interpretation (especially the rejection of intentionalism) and subjectivity for contractual interpretation theory. In Part One (consisting of chapters 2-5), the leading postmodern insights on interpretation, individual autonomy, texts and intentionalism are discussed. This is done by analysing the present interpretive practice in four chapters: 1) Different theories of interpretation ranging from objectivism and natural law theories to post-structuralism are discussed in chapter 2. 2) In chapter 3 individual autonomy (as advocated by liberal theorists) is contrasted with communitarianism in order to problematize the notion of contracting parties as autonomous, self-regulating beings. By highlighting criticism against liberalism and communitarianism, and also by suggesting critical self-rule as an alternative, the assertion that contracting parties are autonomous and self-regulating is contested. 3) The process of textual definition is critically analysed with emphasis on the position reflected by the application of the parol-evidence rule and also post-structuralist ideas on the definition of texts in chapter 4. It is shown that textual definition consists of interpretation rather than identification. 4) The nature of intention and the process of intention “discovery” are analysed in chapter 5. Because of the centrality of intention in contractual practice, alternative theories on intention (and its role during interpretation) are postulated and it is suggested that post-structuralism can provide a critically reflective theory of intention. It is clear (from the critical analysis of intentionalism) that the way intention is presently approached is theoretically flawed. It is also apparent from the critique of liberal beliefs held regarding the nature of interpretation, subjectivity and the definition of texts that the theoretical foundations of these beliefs are fundamentally flawed. A critical re-imagination of contractual interpretation is necessary. In Part Two, questions about the justifiability of the present interpretive theories are posed. In chapter 6 the practical implications of a new theoretical basis for contractual interpretation are considered by examining the way various rules of interpretation are influenced by the new theoretical basis of interpretation. Three “rules” are examined: 1) The golden rule of interpretation is examined because of its reliance on intentionalist assumptions; 2) the parol-evidence rule is examined because of its relation to positivist assumptions about the definition of texts; 3) the relevance of bona fides as a substantial remedy during the interpretation of the contract is analysed to reveal assumptions about the nature of legal subjectivity in which the present consideration of the bona fides is grounded. It is shown that rules depend not on their content for operation, but rather on the assumptions upon which they are grounded. In short, we do not have to do away with our rules of contractual interpretation, but we have to re-evaluate how we apply those rules. The final part of this dissertation consists of a summary of the conclusions drawn during the course of this study.
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Books on the topic "Ratio analysis and interpretation"

1

Kaṇēcan̲, Kati. Theatre of the air & analysis of Stalin's plays. Udumalpet [India?]: Ennes Publications, 1997.

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Moore, Carl L. Profitable ratio analysis techniques. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Alexander Hamilton Institute, 1986.

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Ratios, ICC Business. Business ratio report: An industry sector analysis. London: Inter Company Comparisions Ltd., 1989.

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Ratios, ICC Business. Business ratio report: An industry sector analysis. London: Inter Company Comparisions Ltd., 1988.

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Palmer, Joseph E. Analyzing financial ratios. New York: Management Consulting Services Division, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 1994.

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Tyran, Michael R. Handbook of business and financial ratios. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1986.

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Handbook of business and financialratios. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1986.

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1948-, Ward Martin, ed. Handbook of business and financial ratios. New York: Woodhead-Faulkner, 1992.

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Understanding ratios: A practical guide for business, finance and banking. London: Kogan Page, 1989.

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Transnational equity analysis. Chichester: Wiley, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ratio analysis and interpretation"

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Stevens, P., and B. Kriefman. "Ratio Analysis." In Work Out Accounting A-Level, 177–87. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12640-8_18.

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Bright, George. "Ratio analysis." In Practical Accounts 2, 141–59. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10552-6_7.

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Bright, George, and Michael Herbert. "Ratio Analysis." In Mastering Accounting, 213–25. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20618-6_17.

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Yun, Dongkoo. "Ratio analysis." In Encyclopedia of Tourism, 775–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01384-8_340.

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Simmonds, Andy. "Ratio Analysis." In Mastering Financial Accounting, 420–36. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18430-9_30.

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Stevens, P., and B. Kriefman. "Ratio Analysis." In Work Out Accounting A Level, 193–202. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13781-7_18.

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Stevens, P., and B. Kriefman. "Ratio Analysis." In Work Out Accounting ‘A’ Level, 174–84. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09807-1_18.

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von Schütz, Konstanze. "Immanent Ratio Legis? Legal Forms and Statutory Interpretation." In Ratio Legis, 161–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74271-7_8.

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Yun, Dongkoo. "Ratio analysis, tourism." In Encyclopedia of Tourism, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_340-1.

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Rosa, Nic La. "Integrated ratio analysis." In Analysing Financial Performance, 112–35. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003092575-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ratio analysis and interpretation"

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Yortsos, Yannis C., Youngmin Choi, Zhengming Yang, and Piyush C. Shah. "Analysis And Interpretation Of The Water-Oil Ratio In Waterfloods." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/38869-ms.

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Bartlett, A. "Extraction, analysis and interpretation of digital ionograms." In Sixth International Conference on `HF Radio Systems and Techniques'. IEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19940507.

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Zhao, Xin, Oskar Thulin, and Tomas Grönstedt. "First and Second Law Analysis of Intercooled Turbofan Engine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43187.

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Although the benefits of intercooling for aero engine applications have been realized and discussed in many publications, quantitative details are still relatively limited. In order to strengthen the understanding of aero engine intercooling, detailed performance data on optimized intercooled turbofan engines are provided. Analysis is conducted using an exergy breakdown, i.e. quantifying the losses into a common currency by applying a combined use of the first and second law of thermodynamics. Optimal intercooled geared turbofan engines for a long range mission are established with CFD based two-pass cross flow tubular intercooler correlations. By means of a separate variable nozzle, the amount of intercooler coolant air can be optimized to different flight conditions. Exergy analysis is used to assess how irreversibility is varying over the flight mission, allowing for a more clear explanation and interpretation of the benefits. The optimal intercooled geared turbofan engine provides a 4.5% fuel burn benefit over a non-intercooled geared reference engine. The optimum is constrained by the last stage compressor blade height. To further explore the potential of intercooling the constraint limiting the axial compressor last stage blade height is relaxed by introducing an axial radial high pressure compressor. The axial-radial high pressure ratio configuration allows for an ultra-high overall pressure ratio. With an optimal top-of-climb overall pressure ratio of 140, the configuration provides a 5.3% fuel burn benefit over the geared reference engine. The irreversibilities of the intercooler are broken down into its components to analyze the difference between the ultra-high overall pressure ratio axial-radial configuration and the purely axial configuration. An intercooler conceptual design method is used to predict pressure loss heat transfer and weight for the different overall pressure ratios. Exergy analysis combined with results from the intercooler and engine conceptual design are used to support the conclusion that the optimal pressure ratio split exponent stays relatively independent of the overall engine pressure ratio.
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Vega, Almudena, and Roque Corral. "Conceptual Flutter Analysis of Labyrinth Seals Using Analytical Models: Part II — Physical Interpretation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-75831.

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A simple non-dimensional model to describe the flutter onset of labyrinth seals is presented. The linearized equations for a control volume which represents the inter-fin seal cavity, retaining the circumferential unsteady flow perturbations created by the seal vibration, are used. Firstly, the downstream fin is assumed to be choked, whereas in a second step the model is generalized for unchocked exit conditions. An analytical expression for the non-dimensional work-per-cycle is derived. It is concluded that the stability of a two-fin seal, depends on three non-dimensional parameters, which allow explaining seal flutter behaviour in a comprehensive fashion. These parameters account for the effect of the pressure ratio, the cavity geometry, the fin clearance, the nodal diameter, the fluid swirl velocity, the vibration frequency and the torsion center location in a compact and interrelated form. A number of conclusions have been drawn by means of a thorough examination of the work-per-cycle expression, also known as the stability parameter by other authors. It was found that the physics of the problem strongly depends on the non-dimensional acoustic frequency. When the discharge time of the seal cavity is much greater than the acoustic propagation time, the damping of the system is very small and the amplitude of the response at the resonance conditions is very high. The model not only provides a unified framework for the stability criteria derived by Ehrich [1] and Abbot [2], but delivers an explicit expression for the work-per-cycle of a two-fin rotating seal. All the existing and well established engineering trends are contained in the model, despite its simplicity. Finally, the effect of swirl in the fluid is included. It is found that the swirl of the fluid in the inter-fin cavity gives rise to a correction of the resonance frequency and shifts the stability region. The non-dimensionalization of the governing equations is an essential part of the method and it groups physical effects in a very compact form. Part I of the paper[3] detailed the derivation of the theoretical model and drew some preliminary conclusions. Part II analyzes in depth the implications of the model and outlines the extension to multiple cavity seals.
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Xie, Qiang, Yuxia Hu, Mark Cassidy, and Alireza Salehi. "Cone Penetration Test in Stiff Over Soft Clay in Centrifuge Test." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96698.

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Abstract This paper describes a numerical study on soil characterization of stiff over soft clays in centrifuge test using cone penetration test (CPT), especially when the top stiff layer is thin relative to the centrifuge cone size. An extensive parametric study was conducted using large deformation finite element (LDFE) analysis, with the cone penetrating continuously from the soil surface. The LDFE model has been validated against existing physical test data with very good agreement. Since the bottom soft clay was normally thick enough to fully mobilise the ultimate cone resistance, its undrained shear strength can be interpreted by the existing approach for cone deep penetration in a uniform clay layer. Thus, the challenge was to interpret the strength of the top stiff layer, where the layer thickness was not thick enough to fully mobilise its ultimate resistance. Both top layer thickness ratios (to the cone diameter) and layer strength ratios were considered in the parametric study. Based on the results from LDFE analyses, the interpretation formula of the undrained shear strength in the top stiff layer was proposed as a set of new bearing factors. The proposed cone bearing factor was a function of the ratio of the measured peak cone resistance in the top layer to the stable/ultimate cone resistance in the bottom layer and the ratio between the top layer thickness to the cone diameter. The formula can be used directly when the top layer thickness was known based on the sample preparation. However, the layer interface can be identified based on the study here, if the top layer thickness was not certain. A design flow chart was provided for interpretations of top clay layer strength and top layer thickness based on the cone resistance profile obtained from CPT test.
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Gentilhomme, O., N. J. Hills, A. B. Turner, and J. W. Chew. "Measurement and Analysis of Ingestion Through a Turbine Rim Seal." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30481.

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Experimental measurements from a new single stage turbine are presented. The turbine has 26 vanes and 59 rotating blades with a design point stage expansion ratio of 2.5 and vane exit Mach number of 0.96. A variable sealing flow is supplied to the disc cavity upstream of the rotor and then enters the annulus through a simple axial clearance seal situated on the hub between the stator and rotor. Measurements at the annulus hub wall just downstream of the vanes show the degree of circumferential pressure variation. Further pressure measurements in the disc cavity indicate the strength of the swirling flow in the cavity, and show the effects of mainstream gas ingestion at low sealing flows. Ingestion is further quantified through seeding of the sealing air with nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide and measurement of gas concentrations in the cavity. Interpretation of the measurements is aided by steady and unsteady computational fluid dynamics solutions, and comparison with an elementary model of ingestion.
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Jabbari, M. Y., K. C. Marston, E. R. G. Eckert, and R. J. Goldstein. "Film Cooling of the Gas Turbine Endwall by Discrete-Hole Injection." In ASME 1994 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/94-gt-067.

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Film cooling performance for injection through discrete holes in the endwall of a turbine blade is investigated. The effectiveness is measured at sixty locations in the region covered by injection. Three nominal blowing rates, two density ratios, and two approaching flow Reynolds numbers are examined. Analysis of the data reveals that even sixty locations are insufficient for the determination of the field of film cooling effectiveness with its strong local variations. Visualization of the traces of the coolant jets on the endwall surface, using ammonium-diazo-paper, provides useful qualitative information for the interpretation of the measurements, revealing the paths and interaction of the jets which change with blowing rate and density ratio.
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Li, Y., X. Li, J. Shi, H. Wang, L. Wu, D. Xu, and S. Teng. "The Analysis and Interpretation of Parameters on Well Performance of Low Permeability Water-Producing Reservoirs: a Case Study of Daniudi Gas Field." In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169938-ms.

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Abstract Predicting the effects of reservoir and well parameters on the performance of multi-fractured horizontal wells in low-water-producing reservoirs is very important in determining which operations should be taken for improving the gas recovery. Due to the increased number of horizontal wells drilled in Daniudi gas field, there is a necessity for a better and improved understanding of the behavior and performance. In this case, a linear regression model approaches for developing prediction the performance from well data of Daniudi gas field. The linear regression model has been developed relationships among the performances, reservoir and well parameters. The results show that the performances are not only functions of permeability, pressure drops, gas saturation, number of fractures, length of horizontal well, but also related with some special parameters such as drilling-encounter rate, flowback rate, water gas ratio. Additionally, the linear regression model is corrected by considering the problem of liquid loading. Finally, the sensitivity analyses of these parameters have been studied and the parameters have been ordered according to the degree of sensitivity. This study is very important for understanding the main influence parameters on the performance in Daniudi gas field, which play a significant role for further operations to improving the performances.
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Antoszkiewicz, Michał, Mateusz Kmieć, Paweł Szewczuk, Marek Szkodo, and Robert Jankowski. "Microseismic Monitoring of Hydraulic Fracturing – Data Interpretation Methodology with an Example from Pomerania." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.001.

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Microseismic monitoring is a method for localizing fractures induced by hydraulic fracturing in search for shale gas. The aim of this paper is to conduct the data interpretation of the microseismic monitoring based on the results from Pom-erania region of Poland. The data has been collected from an array of geophones deployed on the surface. Ground vibrations have been recorded and analyzed for fracture location, magnitude and breakage mechanism. A velocity model of underlying formations has been used for successful microseismic monitoring. The model has been further tuned with signal from perfora-tion shots of known location. Imaging of events has been done using software MicSeis, which utilizes diffraction stacking of waveforms from multiple stations to image microseismic events with low signal-to-noise ratio. The imaging of microseismic events in MicSeis uses a grid search over all possible origin times and locations in the selected rock volume. The seismic moment tensors are automatically determined from the amplitudes from the grid search procedure and are used to model po-larities of events which then enhance constructive interference. Function characterizing a maximum stack per time sample have been calculated over whole volume and analyzed using the STA/LTA algorithm. Once the event has been detected in time, location has been determined through analysis of the 3D spatial image function. The procedure has been used to detect five events during hydraulic fracturing in Pomerania.
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Gibert, C., L. Blanc, P. Almeida, X. Leblanc, J. P. Ousty, F. Thouverez, and J. P. Laîné. "Modal Tests and Analysis of a Radial Impeller at Rest: Influence of Surrounding Air on Damping." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69577.

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HCF risk assessment for turbomachinery blades requires the prediction of vibratory levels, which in turn requires fine damping quantification. This issue is especially sensitive for structures with low structural damping such as monobloc centrifugal compressor disks (blisks). The material composing blisks and aero-dynamic flow both contribute to damping phenomena. A strategy for non-aerodynamic damping characterization is to perform experiments in vacuum. This paper focuses on the use of modal tests in vacuum to estimate material damping under non-rotating conditions. Experiments are performed on an isolated impeller manufactured from a single piece in a vacuum chamber at different air pressure levels ranging from 10 mbar to 1 bar. Strong dependency of damping ratios on pressure can be found on the first flexural mode, leading to two types of application. Firstly, measurements enable assessing the validity of extrapolations of non-aerodynamic damping from measurements sometimes performed under less thorough vacuum conditions. Basic fluid-structure interaction models are used to interpret and quantify the evolution of modal quantities when air is progressively removed. Secondly, vacuum measurements can give frequency response functions (FRFs) with much greater separation between resonance peaks. In this study, the damping ratio found in vacuum condition are 3% of these at ambient pressure corresponding to a magnitude 30dB higher at resonance peaks. This contrasts with in-air measurements on cyclic symmetry structures, like blisks, with high modal density that make the direct interpretation of FRFs and their modal analysis more difficult.
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Reports on the topic "Ratio analysis and interpretation"

1

Worcester, Peter F., James A. Mercer, and Robert C. Spindel. Ocean Acoustic Observatories: Data Analysis and Interpretation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada628417.

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Worcester, Peter F., James A. Mercer, and Robert C. Spindel. Ocean Acoustic Observatories: Data Analysis and Interpretation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629597.

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Hansen, Bruce G., and Jeff A. Palmer. FRAN: Financial Ratio Analysis (version l.0). (Computer Program). Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experimental Station, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-231.

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Hansen, Bruce G., and Jeff A. Palmer. FRAN: Financial Ratio Analysis (version l.0). (Computer Program). Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experimental Station, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-231.

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Beam, Craig A., Emily F. Conant, Harold L. Kundel, Ji-Hyun Lee, Patricia A. Romily, and Edward A. Sickles. Time-Series Analysis of Human Interpretation Data in Mammography. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434583.

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Almiron-Roig, Núria. Regulation of pluralism in France. Context, analysis and interpretation. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-65-2010-913-472-487-en.

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Kraus, Nicholas C., and Julie D. Rosati. Interpretation of Shoreline-Position Data for Coastal Engineering Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada591274.

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Venugopal, Niveditha. Annotation-Enabled Interpretation and Analysis of Time-Series Data. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6592.

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Hansen, Bruce G., and Arnold J. ,. Jr Palmer. FRAN: financial ratio analysis and more (Version 2.0 for Windows). Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-264.

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Hansen, Bruce G., and Arnold J. ,. Jr Palmer. FRAN: financial ratio analysis and more (Version 2.0 for Windows). Radnor, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-264.

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