Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ratio Signal / interference + Noise

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Ratio Signal / interference + Noise'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Ratio Signal / interference + Noise"

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Smailov, Nurzhigit, Vitaliy Tsyporenko, Akezhan Sabibolda, et al. "Improving the accuracy of a digital spectral correlation-interferometric method of direction finding with analytical signal reconstruction for processing an incomplete spectrum of the signal." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 9 (125) (2023): 14–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.288397.

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A method of correlation-interferometric direction finding has been improved, which effectively solves the problem of radio direction finding of radio emission sources under conditions of exposure to one or two masking interference. The problem was solved using the selection of an unmasked fragment of the spatial spectrum of the signal and the reconstruction of the missing samples of its signal group. As a result of the synthesis of the proposed method, estimates of signal samples were obtained as exact solutions to the proposed energy balance equations. The resulting solutions provide a significant increase in the signal-to-interference ratio and, accordingly, direction-finding accuracy without increasing the number of reception channels of the antenna array. As a result of the simulation, the dependences of the standard deviation of the bearing estimate on the signal-to-noise ratio in the presence of interference were built. Under the influence of one or two masking interferences and a signal-to-interference ratio of 0 dB, the use of the known direction-finding method without interference selection produces an anomalously large direction-finding error of more than 0.42 degrees, which is practically independent of the signal-to-noise ratio. The direction-finding method with selection of spectral signal samples masked by interference reduces the direction-finding error to 0.22 degrees when exposed to one interference and to 0.3 degrees when exposed to two interferences. This is due to the presence of power losses of the usable signal during the selection of its samples masked by interference. The proposed method of direction finding with reconstruction of signal samples provides a significant gain in accuracy by 3–30 times compared to the method of selection of masked samples in the range of changes in the signal-to-noise ratio (–20.5) dB. The direction-finding error of the proposed method decreases with increasing signal/noise according to a hyperbolic dependence. It is advisable to use the proposed direction-finding method when masking no more than two samples of the signal group
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Kropotov, Y. A., A. A. Belov, and A. Y. Prockuryakov. "Increasing signal/acoustic interference ratio in telecommunications audio exchange by adaptive filtering methods." Information Technology and Nanotechnology, no. 2416 (2019): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/1613-0073-2019-2416-271-276.

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The paper deals with the issues of increasing signal/noise ratio in telecommunication audio exchange systems. The study of characteristics of speech signals and acoustic noises, such as mathematical expectation, dispersion, relative intensity of acoustic speech signals and various types of acoustic noises and interference is carried out. It is shown that in the design of telecommunications systems, in particular loudspeaker systems operating under the influence of external acoustic noise of high intensity, it is necessary to solve the problem of developing algorithms to effectively suppress the above mentioned interference to ensure the necessary signal/noise ratio in communication systems. A mathematical model of the autocorrelation function of the speech signal by using the Lagrange interpolation polynomial of order 10, considered the creation of adaptive algorithms to suppress acoustic noise by linear filtering methods. Thus suppression of acoustic noises and hindrances is possible at the expense of operated change of area of a cutting in the interval from 0 Hz to 300-1000 Hz, depending on a hindrance conditions.
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Kremenetskaya, Yana, and Sergey Markov. "Comparative analysis of interference, noise and losses in the mobile communication systems in millimeter wave range." Computational Problems of Electrical Engineering 8, no. 1 (2018): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jcpee2018.01.018.

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The article analyzes the approaches to the mathematical modeling of mobile systems in the millimeter wave range. The architecture of a mobile network using Radio over Fiber (RoF) technology is considered which is proposed for forming and transmitting the millimeter-wave signals via fiber-optic communication lines. The noise of the optical heterodyne used for the formation of radio signals is analyzed. The mathematical analysis of the components of the energy budget of the radio link in the millimeter wave range is carried out on the basis of a study of the fundamental physical aspects that affect the value of noise, losses and signal gains. The comparative analysis of the signal-to-interference ratio and the signal-to-noise ratio, the probability of transmitting information radio signals through the reflected paths is carried out. A quasi-optical model of the narrow-beam antenna radiation is proposed for calculating noise interference and signal loss in multipath propagation models taking into account multiple reflections and diffractions, as well as absorption in various media. The analysis of the energy budget components of the radio link in the millimeter wave range shows that it is necessary to take into account both interference and noise associated with the method of signal generation and emission, for example, in phased antenna arrays, as well as the effects of molecular absorption (repeated radiation) in the atmosphere and the effects of the reflection of signals in urban scenario.
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Chinomso, Maduakolam Francis, Samson Dauda Yusuf, Ibrahim Umar, and Abdullahi Abubakar Mundi. "Analysis of Savitzky-Golay Filter for Electrocardiogram De-Noising Using Daubechies Wavelets." EDUCATUM Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology 9, no. 2 (2022): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37134/ejsmt.vol9.2.13.2022.

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Electrocardiogram (ECG) examination is of great importance in medical diagnosis of the cardiac disease, but wrong interpretation due to noise interference in the signal could be dangerous as this may lead to wrong diagnoses of patient’s heart condition. De-noising helps to reduce the noise level for a better interpretation of the signals. In this study, an analysis of Savitzky-Golay (S-G) filter for ECG de-noising using Daubechies wavelets has been carried out using MATLAB version 2015a. Noisy ECG signals downloaded from physionet.org under MIT-BIH arrhythmia database was de-noised using S-G filter of polynomial order 9 to data frames of length 21 displayed in both time and frequency domains while a quantitative evaluation was carried out to check the performance of the filter under signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), mean square error (MSE) and signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). Results show that de-noising using S-G filter for SNR, MSE, and SIR gives an average value of 32.78dB, 0.0001 and 1852.358dB respectively. This implies that the S-G filter helps eliminates the background noise as well as maintaining a good fit for our data, and also do not allow co-channel interference from other radio transmitters, which makes it an excellent filter for ECG signal de-noising. Hospitals management and cardiac health centers most understand the importance of these parameters in the selection of de-noising filters for good quality ECG in diagnosis and treatment of cardiac patients.
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Maduakolam, Francis Chinomso, Samson Dauda Yusuf, and Ibrahim Umar. "Analysis of Savitzky-Golay Filter for Electrocardiogram De-Noising Using Daubechies Wavelets." ASEANA: Science and Education Journal, no. 1 (December 29, 2021): 34–48. https://doi.org/10.53797/aseana.v1i2.3.2021.

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Electrocardiogram (ECG) examination is of great importance in medical diagnosis of the cardiac disease, but wrong interpretation due to noise interference in the signal could be dangerous as this may lead to wrong diagnoses of patient’s heart condition. De-noising helps to reduce the noise level for a better interpretation of the signals. In this study, an analysis of Savitzky-Golay (S-G) filter for ECG de-noising using Daubechies wavelets has been carried out using MATLAB version 2015a. Noisy ECG signals downloaded from physionet.org under MIT-BIH arrhythmia database was de-noised using S-G filter of polynomial order 9 to data frames of length 21 displayed in both time and frequency domains while a quantitative evaluation was carried out to check the performance of the filter under signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), mean square error (MSE) and signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). Results show that de-noising using S-G filter for SNR, MSE, and SIR gives an average value of 32.78dB, 0.0001 and 1852.358dB respectively. This implies that the S-G filter helps eliminates the background noise as well as maintaining a good fit for our data, and also do not allows co-channel interference from other radio transmitters, which makes it an excellent filter for ECG signal de-noising. Hospitals management and cardiac health centers most understand the importance of these parameters in the selection of de-noising filters for good quality ECG in diagnosis and treatment of cardiac patients.
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Kovtun, S., A. Vetoshkin, and V. Kutsenko. "INTERFERENCE RESISTANCE OF A CORRELATION RECEIVER AT A LIMITED OBSERVATION INTERVAL." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки 14, no. 4 (2022): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.14.2022.06.

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The article considers the possibility of increasing the capability of detecting a useful radio signal against the background of noise and simultaneously reducing the possibility of mistaking noise fluctuations for a signal. Moreover, if it is absent then the Neumann-Pearson statistical test should be used. This criterion is a partial case from the class of criteria consisting in the calculation of the likelihood ratio and does not require knowledge of a priori probabilities of the presence or absence a useful signal while constructing an optimal receiver and Bayesian methods are used.
 The effectiveness of the detection procedure according to the Neumann-Pearson test is characterized by the probability of correct detection at a fixed false alarm probability. These probabilities depend on the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the detection device. So, an important preparatory stage of the reception immunity analysis is the study of this parameter which is very important in the section of statistical radio engineering.
 It is known that the optimal detection of a signal against a background of white noise is reduced to the correlation integral calculation. This calculation can be done directly by using a multiplier and integrator (correlation method), by using a filter that is optimal for this signal (filter method) or by using a correlation-filter method.
 The presence of a priori uncertainty during signal reception makes it impossible to create an optimal (consistent) receiving path and therefore makes it impossible to obtain the required value of the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the detection device. In this case, an autocorrelation algorithm is used which is resistant to a priori uncertainty of signal parameters and is “optimal” while detecting signals of unknown shape. The most general character for determining the signal/noise ratio has an expression for the case of an incoherent single-channel autocorrelation algorithm for detecting a noisy signal against a background of stationary white noise (interference).
 For example, quite a large number of scientific works are devoted to the interference immunity issue of the correlation reception method. They mainly consider the interference immunity of correlation receivers when a mixture of harmonic signal and noise passes through them. The circuits with the same average frequencies of multiplying processes and etc. are analyzed. There are also known works in which formulas relating the value of the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the receiving path for a complex signal to the input signal-to-noise ratio are given.
 In the above works, idealized cases are considered, namely, when the observation is conducted on a fairly long observation interval but the real observation interval is quite limited. In this case, the averaging is carried out over a limited time interval and it is necessary to take into account the intercorrelation relations between the signal and noise, therefore, along with the signal-signal, noise-noise, signal-noise and noise-signal components, we will have the following mutual correlation moments between the combinations of signal and noise component.
 The issue of an autocorrelation receiver when passing an additive mixture of signal and white noise at a limited observation interval is investigated in which the immunity index is considered and a general solution of the signal/noise ratio based on the deviation criterion is obtained. Therefore, obtaining an analytical expression that establishes the relationship between the signal-to-noise ratio at the input and output of the receiver is very important and relevant.
 The purpose of the article is to obtain an analytical expression of the signal-to-noise ratio value at the threshold device input of an incoherent autocorrelation receiver at a limited observation interval.
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Li, Linao, and Xinlao Wei. "Suppression Method of Partial Discharge Interferences Based on Singular Value Decomposition and Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition." Energies 14, no. 24 (2021): 8579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248579.

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Partial discharge detection is an important means of insulation diagnosis of electrical equipment. To effectively suppress the periodic narrowband and white noise interferences in the process of partial discharge detection, a partial discharge interference suppression method based on singular value decomposition (SVD) and improved empirical mode decomposition (IEMD) is proposed in this paper. First, the partial discharge signal with periodic narrowband interference and white noise interference x(t) is decomposed by SVD. According to the distribution characteristics of single values of periodic narrowband interference signals, the singular value corresponding to periodic narrowband interference is set to zero, and the signal is reconstructed to eliminate the periodic narrowband interference in x(t). IEMD is then performed on x(t). Intrinsic mode function (IMF) is obtained by EMD, and based on the improved 3σ criterion, the obtained IMF components are statistically processed and reconstructed to suppress the influence of white noise interference. The methods proposed in this paper, SVD and SVD + EMD, are applied to process the partial discharge simulation signal and partial discharge measurement signal, respectively. We calculated the signal-to-noise ratio, normalized correlation coefficient, and mean square error of the three methods, respectively, and the results show that the proposed method suppresses the periodic narrowband and white noise interference signals in partial discharge more effectively than the other two methods.
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Yan, Wenhe, Shifeng Li, Xinze Ma, Yuhang Song, Jiangbin Yuan, and Yu Hua. "Research on an Alpha Navigation Signal Detection Method Based on Multichannel Orthogonal Correlation." Applied Sciences 14, no. 9 (2024): 3620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14093620.

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The Alpha navigation system is the only operating radio system based on very-low-frequency (VLF) signals that can be used to research VLF navigation, timing, and ionospheric characteristics. The detection of the Alpha navigation signal is the key step in the Alpha receiver; however, the received Alpha navigation signal is susceptible to noise and mutual interference, which deteriorates signal detection performance. This paper presents a multichannel orthogonal correlation method for Alpha navigation signal detection. Once the three frequency signals of the Alpha navigation system are obtained using a notch filter, station identification is realized using a multichannel orthogonal correlation method and signal format. The selection of key parameters and the detection performance under noise and mutual interference are analyzed. This method’s detection probability exceeds 90% when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than −10 dB. The influence of mutual interference on the signal correlation peak is less than 1% when the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of the mutual interference is greater than −28 dB. The proposed method is verified using an actual signal collected using an Alpha receiver. The results show that an Alpha signal can be detected at an extremely low SNR. This method has strong practicability and satisfies the application requirements of an Alpha receiver.
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Aghajani, Rouhollah, and Maryam Nilforosh. "SINR Enhancement in Co-located MIMO RADAR with Multiple Targets." Radar 8, no. 2 (2021): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5689165.

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This paper focuses on improving the signal-to-noise plus interference ratio on multi-input multi-output radars. Here, an algorithm is proposed, whereby the waveform of the transmitter and the receiver filter coefficients are designed simultaneously to better detect the targets in the presence of the dependent interference signal. The proposed algorithm is a convex optimization-based sequential algorithm, in which each iteration optimizes the covariance matrix of the transmitted signals to concentrate the antenna radiation pattern on the target and also attempts to eliminate the maximum number of interferencein the receiver. The problem is in addition to limiting the use of identical RF circuits to all transmitting antennas, with the limitation of minimum interference power for each target. In previous research this scheme was designed to intercept a target, but in this study the covariance matrix is designed to maximize the signal-to-noise and interference ratio and the antenna transmit power at the maximum position of all targets and at the interference position as low as possible. The simulation results also show that the proposed method can achieve the maximum signal-to-interference plus noise ratio in all targets. This value can also be increased by increasing the number of antenna elements.
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Nguyen, V. D. "Studying the influence of correction codes on coherent reception of M-PSK signals in the presence of noise and harmonic interference." Russian Technological Journal 12, no. 4 (2024): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2500-316x-2024-12-4-84-95.

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Objectives. Signals with multiple phase shift keying (M-PSK) exhibiting good spectral and energy characteristics are successfully used in many information transmission systems. These include satellite communication systems, GPS, GLONASS, DVB/DVB-S2, and a set of IEEE 802.11 wireless communication standards. In radio communication channels, the useful signal is affected by various interferences in addition to noise. One of these is harmonic interference. As a result, high intensity harmonic interference practically destroys the reception of M-PSK signals. One of the important requirements for the quality of data transmission is the system error tolerance. There are different ways of improving the quality of information transmission. One of these is the use of corrective encoding technology. The aim of the paper is to assess the noise immunity of a coherent demodulator of M-PSK signals using Hamming codes (7,4) and (15,11), and convolutional encoding with Viterbi decoding algorithm (7,5) when receiving M-PSK signals under noise and harmonic interference in the communication channel.Methods. The methods of statistical radio engineering, optimal signal reception theory and computer simulation modeling were used.Results. Experimental dependencies of the bit error rate on the signal-to-noise ratio and on the intensity of harmonic interference of coherent reception of M-PSK signals in a channel with noise and harmonic interference were obtained using computer simulation modeling. This was done without using correction codes and with Hamming code (7.4) and (15.11) and convolutional encoding with Viterbi decoding algorithm (7,5).Conclusions. It is shown that the application of the correction codes effectively corrects errors in the presence of noise and harmonic interference with lower intensity. The correction is ineffective in the presence of high intensity interference. These results can provide important guidance in designing the reliable and energy efficient system.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ratio Signal / interference + Noise"

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Grant, Andrew G. "The performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing in a high noise, low signal-to-noise ratio environment with cochannel interference /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Dec%5FGrant.pdf.

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Grant, Andrew G. "Performance of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing in a high noise, low signal-to-noise ratio environment with co-channel interference." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1782.

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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is fast becoming the signal modulation technique of choice for many commercial and military wireless applications. Its resilience to cochannel interference and bandwidth efficiency make it ideal for many different applications. With its increasing popularity among disparate facets of society, it becomes likelier that enemy militaries and/or nonmilitary combatants will utilize the technique or a system that uses the technique. In light of this development, the need to develop techniques and algorithms to enable detection becomes apparent. This thesis will attempt to develop a model for OFDM and measure its performance in a multipath, outdoor environment with low signal-to-noise ratio, high noise and cochannel interference. Because of the unpredictability of the outdoor environment and the proliferation of various OFDM standards, the simulation will utilize only one algorithm for modeling outdoor environments and the IEEE 802.11a standard.
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Gupta, Amit. "Signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio estimation and statistics for direct sequence spread spectrum code division multiple access communications." Ohio : Ohio University, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1176321495.

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Gerbracht, Sabrina, Eduard A. Jorswieck, Gan Zheng, and Björn Ottersten. "Non-regenerative Two-Hop Wiretap Channels using Interference Neutralization." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-113245.

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In this paper, we analyze the achievable secrecy rates in the two-hop wiretap channel with four nodes, where the transmitter and the receiver have multiple antennas while the relay and the eavesdropper have only a single antenna each. The relay is operating in amplify-and-forward mode and all the channels between the nodes are known perfectly by the transmitter. We discuss different transmission and protection schemes like artificial noise (AN). Furthermore, we introduce interference neutralization (IN) as a new protection scheme. We compare the different schemes regarding the high-SNR slope and the high-SNR power offset and illustrate the performance by simulation results. It is shown analytically as well as by numerical simulations that the high SNR performance of the proposed IN scheme is better than the one of AN.
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Shibata, Takafumi, Masaaki Katayama, and Akira Ogawa. "Performance of Asynchronous Band-Limited DS/SSMA Systems." IEICE, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7200.

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Gerbracht, Sabrina, Eduard A. Jorswieck, Gan Zheng, and Björn Ottersten. "Non-regenerative Two-Hop Wiretap Channels using Interference Neutralization." Technische Universität Dresden, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26894.

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In this paper, we analyze the achievable secrecy rates in the two-hop wiretap channel with four nodes, where the transmitter and the receiver have multiple antennas while the relay and the eavesdropper have only a single antenna each. The relay is operating in amplify-and-forward mode and all the channels between the nodes are known perfectly by the transmitter. We discuss different transmission and protection schemes like artificial noise (AN). Furthermore, we introduce interference neutralization (IN) as a new protection scheme. We compare the different schemes regarding the high-SNR slope and the high-SNR power offset and illustrate the performance by simulation results. It is shown analytically as well as by numerical simulations that the high SNR performance of the proposed IN scheme is better than the one of AN.
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Pelteku, Altin E. "Adaptive Suppression of Interfering Signals in Communication Systems." Digital WPI, 2013. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/138.

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The growth in the number of wireless devices and applications underscores the need for characterizing and mitigating interference induced problems such as distortion and blocking. A typical interference scenario involves the detection of a small amplitude signal of interest (SOI) in the presence of a large amplitude interfering signal; it is desirable to attenuate the interfering signal while preserving the integrity of SOI and an appropriate dynamic range. If the frequency of the interfering signal varies or is unknown, an adaptive notch function must be applied in order to maintain adequate attenuation. This work explores the performance space of a phase cancellation technique used in implementing the desired notch function for communication systems in the 1-3 GHz frequency range. A system level model constructed with MATLAB and related simulation results assist in building the theoretical foundation for setting performance bounds on the implemented solution and deriving hardware specifications for the RF notch subsystem devices. Simulations and measurements are presented for a Low Noise Amplifer (LNA), voltage variable attenuators, bandpass filters and phase shifters. Ultimately, full system tests provide a measure of merit for this work as well as invaluable lessons learned. The emphasis of this project is the on-wafer LNA measurements, dependence of IC system performance on mismatches and overall system performance tests. Where possible, predictions are plotted alongside measured data. The reasonable match between the two validates system and component models and more than compensates for the painstaking modeling efforts. Most importantly, using the signal to interferer ratio (SIR) as a figure of merit, experimental results demonstrate up to 58 dB of SIR improvement. This number represents a remarkable advancement in interference rejection at RF or microwave frequencies.
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Krone, Stefan, and Gerhard Fettweis. "Communications with 1-Bit Quantization and Oversampling at the Receiver: Benefiting from Inter-Symbol-Interference." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-101473.

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1-bit analog-to-digital conversion is very attractive for low-complexity communications receivers. A major drawback is, however, the small spectral efficiency when sampling at symbol rate. This can be improved through oversampling by exploiting the signal distortion caused by the transmission channel. This paper analyzes the achievable data rate of band-limited communications channels that are subject to additive noise and inter-symbol-interference with 1-bit quantization and oversampling at the receiver. It is shown that not only the channel noise but also the inter-symbol-interference can be exploited to benefit from oversampling.
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Ortega, Blanco Rubén. "Análise de SNIR e BER para redes acústicas submarinas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/19534.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2015.<br>Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2016-02-16T14:01:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_RubenOrtegaBlanco.pdf: 78834010 bytes, checksum: 3420abfa3f7efe2d616b97f09d14ff70 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2016-02-19T21:04:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_RubenOrtegaBlanco.pdf: 78834010 bytes, checksum: 3420abfa3f7efe2d616b97f09d14ff70 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-19T21:04:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_RubenOrtegaBlanco.pdf: 78834010 bytes, checksum: 3420abfa3f7efe2d616b97f09d14ff70 (MD5)<br>O objetivo do seguinte trabalho é determinar um modelo matemático que permita-nos obter a Relação Sinal Ruído mais Interferência (SNIR do Inglês Signal-to-Noise plus Interference Ratio), a Taxa de Erro de Bits (BER do Inglês Bit Error Rate) de um salto e a Taxa de Erro de Bits fim-a-fim numa rede acústica submarina. Com esse propósito foi desenvolvido um modelo matemático que permite o cálculo destes parâmetros considerando a interferência para o protocolo de acesso ao meio (MAC do Inglês Medium Access Control) ALOHA puro. Também foi necessário desenvolver antes diferentes parâmetros da rede, tais como, distância média do salto, distância média até o nó central, distância média entre os nós, número médio de saltos na rota e desvio médio. Com o uso deste modelo também é possível obter o valor da frequência ótima utilizando uma função de otimização. Comparações entre a Taxa de Erro de Bits de um salto e fim-a fim também forem feitas, para diferentes valores de máximo ângulo de desvio na topologia de rede usada. Estas comparações demonstran quando pode ser mais convenente o uso de um salto ou múltiple-salto. Simulações Monte-Carlo e modelo forem comparados com o propósito de validar os resultados obtidos. Estas comparações demostram a grande similitude entre nosso modelo e as simulações de Monte-Carlo. Além disso foi possível o estudo do comportamento da SNIR e do BER variando importante parâmetros da rede tais como frequência de transmissão, número de nós, raio da esfera e máximo ângulo de desvio. Os resultados obtidos provarem que a SNIR para um salto diminui com o aumento do número de nós e o raio da esfera, mas aumenta com o incremento da potência de transmissão. O comportamento de BER é contrário ao comportamento de SNIR. Também foi possível observar a existência da frequência ótima, onde os melhores valores de SNIR e o BER são obtidos. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT<br>The objective of this work is to nd a mathematical model that allow us to obtain the Signal-to-Noise plus Interference Ratio (SNIR), the One-Hop Bit Error Rate (BER) and the End-to-End Bit Error Rate for an Underwater Acoustic Network (UAN). Considering this, it was developed a model that includes the interference as an important impairment and for ALOHA MAC (Medium Access Control) protocol. In addition, it was necessary to obtain before several parameters from the network, such as, average distance of the hop, average distance between nodes, average distance to the central node, average number of hops and average deviation. With this model, it is also possible to nd the optimal value of frequency using an optimization function. It was made comparisons between the One-Hop BER and the End-to-End BER for various values of maximal deviation angle. This comparison shows when it is more adequate to either use one-hop or multi-hop. Finally, we compared numerical and Monte-Carlo simulation results, giving a rst validation to our model. These comparisons show a big similitude between the developed model and the Monte-Carlo simulation. In addition, it was possible to analyse the behaviour of the SNIR and BER by varying important parameters of the network, such as, transmission frequency, number of nodes and sphere radius among others. From the obtained results it was prove that the SNIR decreases with an increase from the number of nodes and the sphere radius, but increases with the transmission power. The End-to-End BER has an contrary behavior with the SNIR.
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Krone, Stefan, and Gerhard Fettweis. "Communications with 1-Bit Quantization and Oversampling at the Receiver: Benefiting from Inter-Symbol-Interference." Technische Universität Dresden, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26362.

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1-bit analog-to-digital conversion is very attractive for low-complexity communications receivers. A major drawback is, however, the small spectral efficiency when sampling at symbol rate. This can be improved through oversampling by exploiting the signal distortion caused by the transmission channel. This paper analyzes the achievable data rate of band-limited communications channels that are subject to additive noise and inter-symbol-interference with 1-bit quantization and oversampling at the receiver. It is shown that not only the channel noise but also the inter-symbol-interference can be exploited to benefit from oversampling.
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Books on the topic "Ratio Signal / interference + Noise"

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Dilsavor, Ronald Louis. Analysis of modified SMI method for adaptive array weight control. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1989.

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Sivathevan, T. Signal to quantization noise ratio. University of East London, 1994.

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Curran, Paul J. Estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of AVIRIS data. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1989.

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J, Curran Paul. Estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of AVIRIS data. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1989.

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J, Curran Paul. Estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of AVIRIS data. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1989.

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Robinson, A. P. The relationship between vision carrier-to-noise ratio and picture signal-to-noise ratio ina system 1 television receiver. BBC, 1987.

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Bottacchi, Stefano. Noise and signal interference in optical fiber transmission systems: An optimum design approach. J. Wiley & Sons, 2008.

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Neeser, Fredy D. Communication theory and coding for channels with intersymbol interference. Hartung-Gorre Verlag, 1994.

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International Symposium on Noise and Clutter Rejection in Radars and Imaging Sensors (2nd 1989 Kyoto, Japan). Noise and clutter rejection in radars and imaging sensors: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Noise and Clutter Rejection in Radars and Imaging Sensors, November 14-16, 1989, Kyoto, Japan. IEICE, 1990.

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United States. National Telecommunications and Information Administration., ed. Estimation of system gain and bias using noisy observations with known noise power ratio. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ratio Signal / interference + Noise"

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Kröller, Alexander. "Interference and Signal-to-Noise-Ratio." In Algorithms for Sensor and Ad Hoc Networks. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74991-2_6.

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Tassouli, Siham, and Abdel Lisser. "Maximizing Signal to Interference Noise Ratio for Massive MIMO: A Stochastic Neurodynamic Approach." In Mobile Web and Intelligent Information Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39764-6_15.

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Gnanasekar, A. K., D. Agilandeswari, and V. Nagarajan. "An Approach for Improving Signal to Interference Plus Noise Ratio in MC DS-CDMA Downlink System." In Mobile Communication and Power Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35864-7_21.

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Herbordt, Wolfgang. "A Estimation of Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratios (SINRs) Exploiting Non-stationarity." In Sound Capture for Human/Machine Interfaces. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11311942_9.

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Weik, Martin H. "signal/noise ratio." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_17386.

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Zhou, Tianshou. "Signal-to-Noise Ratio." In Encyclopedia of Systems Biology. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9863-7_514.

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Weik, Martin H. "signal-to-noise ratio." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_17409.

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Weik, Martin H. "signal-plus-noise to noise ratio." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_17391.

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Runge, Val M., and Johannes T. Heverhagen. "Signal-to-Noise Ratio Versus Contrast-to-Noise Ratio." In The Physics of Clinical MR Taught Through Images. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85413-3_16.

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Simon, Marvin K., and Samuel Dolinar. "Signal-to-Noise Ratio Estimation." In Autonomous Software-Defined Radio Receivers for Deep Space Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470087800.ch6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ratio Signal / interference + Noise"

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Su, Xinzhou, Huibin Zhou, Zile Jiang, et al. "Enhancement of Physical Layer Security in FSO Links by Longitudinally Tailoring the Noise Power to Overwhelm the Signal Power." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2024.sw3n.4.

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We experimentally demonstrate a 120-Gbit/s 16-QAM free-space optical link with enhanced physical layer security by co-propagating a “noise” channel with longitudinally tailored transverse beam profile. 20-dB signal-to-interference ratio difference can be achieved at different longitudinal locations.
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Ni, Weihao, Zhaohui Li, and Fan Li. "Low Complexity Optical Multipath Interference Mitigation Using Long-Term Memory Postfilter in IM-DD System." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Optica Publishing Group, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2025.m2g.4.

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We propose a low-complexity clustered long-term memory postfilter to whiten the MPI noise in high-speed IM-DD systems. Experiments with 112 Gbit/s PAM-4 transmission show that the signal-to-interference ratio tolerance can be improved by &gt;4.6 dB.
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Jia, Guoqing, Xinqi Wang, Lu Wang, and Jinxue Niu. "Symbol Detection Aided Algorithm for Interference Alignment of Maximum Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio." In the 2nd International Conference. ACM Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3291842.3291864.

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Kulshreshtha, Garima, and Usha Chauhan. "Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio (SINR) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) Improvement in the Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Systems." In 2020 2nd International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICACCCN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacccn51052.2020.9362876.

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Blanco, Ruben O., and Renato Mariz de Moraes. "Signal-to-noise and interference ratio analysis for ALOHA underwater acoustic networks." In 2015 International Workshop on Telecommunications (IWT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwt.2015.7224578.

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Ni, Yudong, Yinpo Xu, Bo Long, et al. "Amplitude-Preserving Reconstruction Method for 3D Irregular Data Based on Improved POCS Algorithm." In Gas & Oil Technology Showcase and Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214040-ms.

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Abstract In an increasingly complex exploration environment, the acquired seismic data are incomplete and irregular, and field interference often seriously affects the S/N (signal-to-noise ratio) of complex seismic signals. At the same time, weak seismic signals in deep geophysical target are always covered by field noise. How to effectively reconstruct irregular seismic signals and suppress field noise is still a key problem in high-precision seismic exploration. The paper systematically analyzes the inverse problem of sparse optimization for noise suppression of field interferences in irregular seismic data under the framework of 3D curvelet transform, and proposes an amplitude-preserving reconstruction technique for 3D irregular data based on improved POCS algorithm with iterative soft threshold. On the basis of achieving highly sparse representation, the effective seismic signal is inversed iteratively through the change of S/N of adjacent traces to effectively improve the S/N of complex seismic data. At the same time, when solving the sparse optimization problem, the dividing point of noise and effective wave curvelet coefficient is obtained by constructing the ratio formula of curvelet coefficient, which lays the foundation for accurately suppressing noises and reconstructing weak seismic signals. The application of actual data shows that the method can suppress the noises in the complex seismic data, recover the missing data effectively, and improve the fidelity of the reconstructed data.
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Adasme, Pablo, Ismael Soto, Enrique San Juan, Fabian Seguel, and Ali Dehghan Firoozabadi. "Maximizing Signal to Interference Noise Ratio for Massive MIMO: A Mathematical Programming Approach." In 2020 South American Colloquium on Visible Light Communications (SACVC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sacvlc50805.2020.9129889.

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Lee, Cheng-Chia, Wei-De Wu, and Chi-chao Chao. "Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio Analysis for Direct-Sequence Ultra-Wideband Systems." In 2007 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc.2007.331.

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Zhang, Keqi, Fengshan Zhang, and Yixun Yan. "Monitoring Optical Thickness Of Infrared Coatings During Deposition." In Optical Interference Coatings. Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1992.othb3.

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Manufacturing optical interference coating in infrared region is similar to that in visible but more strict deposition process must be followed. Because of the special problems in infrared region like low signal to noise ratio, more and thicker layers in coating design and lack of usable coating materials, there are still some problems in the deposition process. In this paper, our discussion will be focused on the optical thickness monitoring during coating deposition.
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Kagami, Roberto M. M., and Luciano L. Mendes. "A Low-Complexity Deep Neural Network for Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio Estimation." In Workshop de Redes 6G. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/w6g.2021.17227.

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Mobile network technology has been driven by a huge demand for throughput and reliability to support new emerging services. The quality of service is based on measurements of indicators with a high level of precision. Accurate controlling of parameters to fulfil the quality requirements will be essential for future applications. In LTE and 5G standards, the Channel Quality Indicator can be calculated using different algorithms. It is key to determine the best coding and modulation as well as the power control. Thus, it depends on the exact signal-to-noise ratio estimation. MSE based on hard-decision has a very low computational cost, however, it can insert non-linearities. This paper proposes a neural network to estimate an SINR from a modified MSE function.
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Reports on the topic "Ratio Signal / interference + Noise"

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Doerry, Armin Walter, and Brandeis Marquette. Radar antenna pointing for optimized signal to noise ratio. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1088061.

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Rakuljic, George A. Holographic Crosstalk and Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Orthogonal Data Storage. Defense Technical Information Center, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250146.

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Hippenstiel, R. Signal to Noise Ratio Improvement Using Wavelet and Frequency Domain Based Processing. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404025.

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Kirsteins, I. P. On the Probability Density of Signal-to-Noise Ratio in an Improved Detector. Defense Technical Information Center, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada152529.

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Feng, Y. P., I. McNulty, Z. Xu, and E. Gluskin. Signal-to-noise ratio of intensity interferometry experiments with highly asymmetric x-ray sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/510394.

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Feng, Y. P., I. McNulty, Z. Xu, and E. Gluskin. Signal-to-noise ratio of intensity interferometry experiments with highly asymmetric x-ray sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/461284.

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Khatri, C. G., C. Radhakrishna Rao, and Y. N. Sun. Tables for Obtaining Confidence Bounds for Realized Signal to Noise Ratio with an Estimated Discriminant Function. Defense Technical Information Center, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada166059.

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Zhao, George, Grang Mei, Bulent Ayhan, Chiman Kwan, and Venu Varma. DTRS57-04-C-10053 Wave Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer for ILI of Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012049.

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In this project, Intelligent Automation, Incorporated (IAI) and Oak Ridge National Lab (ORNL) propose a novel and integrated approach to inspect the mechanical dents and metal loss in pipelines. It combines the state-of-the-art SH wave Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) technique, through detailed numerical modeling, data collection instrumentation, and advanced signal processing and pattern classifications, to detect and characterize mechanical defects in the underground pipeline transportation infrastructures. The technique has four components: (1) thorough guided wave modal analysis, (2) recently developed three-dimensional (3-D) Boundary Element Method (BEM) for best operational condition selection and defect feature extraction, (3) ultrasonic Shear Horizontal (SH) waves EMAT sensor design and data collection, and (4) advanced signal processing algorithm like a nonlinear split-spectrum filter, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Analysis (DA) for signal-to-noise-ratio enhancement, crack signature extraction, and pattern classification. This technology not only can effectively address the problems with the existing methods, i.e., to detect the mechanical dents and metal loss in the pipelines consistently and reliably but also it is able to determine the defect shape and size to a certain extent.
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DCE-MRI V.2, Consensus QIBA Profile. Chair Hendrik Laue and James O'Connor. Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)/Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA), 2023. https://doi.org/10.1148/qiba/20231206.

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The goal of the DCE-MRI quantification QIBA Profile version 2.0 is to provide an update from the Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) Quantification profile (version 1.0, dated July 1, 2012) in order to include the use of 3 Tesla (T) MRI and the use of parallel imaging with receiver coil arrays. While many pharmacokinetic models have been described, this QIBA Profile (DCE-MRI Quantification) specifically addresses the physiological parameter Ktrans derived from the Tofts or generalized kinetic model (GKM) (1), which is correlated with the vessel (surface/area product and permeability) and haemodynamic (flow) properties. Tofts et al. introduced an extended Tofts model or extended GKM (eGKM), including a signal contribution from the arteries to cover tissue with higher vascularization (1). DCE-MRI is recognized as a potential method to provide predictive, prognostic, and/or physiological response biomarkers for cancer (2–10). This potential has been obtained despite considerable variation in the methods used for acquisition and analysis of the DCE-MRI data. This suggests there are substantial physiological differences (i.e., benign vs. malignant or non-responsive vs. responsive tumors) underlying these observations. Thus, there is potential value recognized in the integration of DCE-MRI for basic research, drug development, clinical research, and in routine clinical practice. However, in order to fulfill the promise of using DCE-MRI as a clinically useful tool, it is essential that common quantitative endpoints are used and that results are independent of imaging platforms, clinical sites, and time. Update to include 3T: With the inclusion of 3T MRI, we have introduced “recommended” procedures to calibrate and compensate for radio frequency (RF) transmit (or B1 + field) inhomogeneity, described in the subsequent sections. At 3T, this calibration is ideally utilized to obtain the desired precision of the resulting DCE-MRI biomarkers in the breast and prostate, and this finding is expected to generalize to all other body parts (11,12). This profile also contains an Appendix with recommended vendor-specific procedures for acquiring the requisite calibration information. Update to include Parallel Imaging: The inherent trade-offs between temporal and spatial resolution can be improved by using parallel imaging techniques to accelerate acquisition. But, the use of parallel imaging comes at the expense of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and potential artifacts. Nevertheless, modest acceleration factors are beneficial in the context of DCE-MRI and a range of acceleration factors are described in this profile. Profile development is an evolutionary, phased process; this Profile is in the Public Comment Resolution Draft stage. The performance claims represent expert consensus and will be empirically demonstrated at a subsequent stage. Users of this Profile are encouraged to refer to the following site to understand the document’s context: http://qibawiki.rsna.org/index.php/QIBA_Profile_Stages. The Claim (Section 2) describes the biomarker performance. The biomarker performance claims are derived from the body of scientific literature that have presented test-retest studies meeting scientific requirements. The Activities (Section 3) contribute to generating the biomarker. Requirements are placed on the Actors that participate in those activities as necessary to achieve the Claim. Assessment Procedures (Section 4) for evaluating specific requirements are defined as needed to ensure acceptable performance. Conformance (Section 5) regroups Section 3 requirements by the Actor to conveniently check Conformance to the profile. This document is intended to help imaging staff generating this biomarker, vendor staff developing related products, purchasers of such products, clinicians who are using this biomarker to aid in clinical decisions, and researchers using this imaging biomarker as an endpoint measure within clinical trials. Note that this document states requirements to achieve the specified Claims and does not reflect “standard of care” requirements for DCE-MRI. Due to the limited availability of test-retest studies, some of the Claims were achieved based on protocols that are outdated relative to the currently available imaging capabilities. Therefore, this profile also provides recommendations based on consensus by the DCE-MRI committee that reflect current quantitative DCE-MRI practices. Conformance to this Profile is secondary to properly caring for the patient.
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Quinn, Meghan. Geotechnical effects on fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing performance. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41325.

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Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is a fiber optic sensing system that is used for vibration monitoring. At a minimum, DAS is composed of a fiber optic cable and an optic analyzer called an interrogator. The oil and gas industry has used DAS for over a decade to monitor infrastructure such as pipelines for leaks, and in recent years changes in DAS performance over time have been observed for DAS arrays that are buried in the ground. This dissertation investigates the effect that soil type, soil temperature, soil moisture, time in-situ, and vehicle loading have on DAS performance for fiber optic cables buried in soil. This was accomplished through a field testing program involving two newly installed DAS arrays. For the first installation, a new portion of DAS array was added to an existing DAS array installed a decade prior. The new portion of the DAS array was installed in four different soil types: native fill, sand, gravel, and an excavatable flowable fill. Soil moisture and temperature sensors were buried adjacent to the fiber optic cable to monitor seasonal environmental changes over time. Periodic impact testing was performed at set locations along the DAS array for over one year. A second, temporary DAS array was installed to test the effect of vehicle loading on DAS performance. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the DAS response was used for all the tests to evaluate the system performance. The results of the impact testing program indicated that the portions of the array in gravel performed more consistently over time. Changes in soil moisture or soil temperature did not appear to affect DAS performance. The results also indicated that time DAS performance does change somewhat over time. Performance variance increased in new portions of array in all material types through time. The SNR in portions of the DAS array in native silty sand material dropped slightly, while the SNR in portions of the array in sand fill and flowable fill material decreased significantly over time. This significant change in performance occurred while testing halted from March 2020 to August 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic. These significant changes in performance were observed in the new portion of test bed, while the performance of the prior installation remained consistent. It may be that, after some time in-situ, SNR in a DAS array will reach a steady state. Though it is unfortunate that testing was on pause while changes in DAS performance developed, the observed changes emphasize the potential of DAS to be used for infrastructure change-detection monitoring. In the temporary test bed, increasing vehicle loads were observed to increase DAS performance, although there was considerable variability in the measured SNR. The significant variation in DAS response is likely due to various industrial activities on-site and some disturbance to the array while on-boarding and off-boarding vehicles. The results of this experiment indicated that the presence of load on less than 10% of an array channel length may improve DAS performance. Overall, this dissertation provides guidance that can help inform the civil engineering community with respect to installation design recommendations related to DAS used for infrastructure monitoring.
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