Journal articles: 'Rational risk management'

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Wu, Fubin, Edwin L. Bills, and Jessica Eisner. "Advancing Regulatory Science through Comprehensive, Rational Risk Management." Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology 53, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2345/0899-8205-53.1.70.

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Bussotti, Luca. "THE RISKS OF CURRENT POLITICAL RISK MANAGEMENT." Problems of Management in the 21st Century 9, no. 3 (December 20, 2014): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pmc/14.09.170.

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Political risk is a concept traditionally related, on the one hand, to the rational calculation of risk in economic activities and, on the other, to a particular historical moment in which it has taken on the characteristics of an autonomous research field. Risk calculation and the management of lucrative activities have illustrious precedents. At the beginning of the 20th century, Max Weber pointed out the necessity to forecast all the possible risks that come from non-economic factors (such as bureaucracy, uncertainty of law and administrative procedures, and so on) before carrying out an economic investment leading to profit (Weber, 1968). However, the actual starting point of a science, related to the management of political risk, dates back to the 1960s (Sottilotta, 2013). The historical context in which this shift occurred can be found in the Cold War and the decolonization era.

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Park, Jae-Chul, and In-Chan Choi. "Rational Alternative Selection Methodology for Risk Management in an Enterprise." Journal of the Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 46, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 650–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.7232/jkiie.2020.46.6.650.

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JACOBSON, MARC S., NANCY COPPERMAN, THERESA HAAS, and I. RONALD SHENKER. "Adolescent Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk: A Rational Approach to Management." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 699, no. 1 Prevention an (October 1993): 220–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb18852.x.

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Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, Janusz, and Maciej Byczkowski. "Information Security Aspect of Operational Risk Management." Foundations of Management 1, no. 2 (January 1, 2009): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10238-012-0010-2.

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Information Security Aspect of Operational Risk ManagementImproving organization means on the one hand searching for adequate product (service) matched to the market, on the other hand shaping the ability to react on risks caused by that activity. The second should consist of identifying and estimating types of risk, and consequently creating solutions securing from possible forms of it's realization (disturbances), following rules of rational choice of security measures as seen in their relation to costs and effectiveness. Activities of creating the security measures should be organized as constantly developing and perfecting and as such they need formal place in organizational structure and rules of management

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Sjöberg, Lennart. "Rational Risk Perception: Utopia or Dystopia?" Journal of Risk Research 9, no. 6 (September 2006): 683–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13669870600799952.

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Zio, Enrico. "RISK-INFORMED REGULATION: HANDLING UNCERTAINTY FOR A RATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF SAFETY." Nuclear Engineering and Technology 40, no. 5 (August 31, 2008): 327–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5516/net.2008.40.5.327.

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Demydenko, Andriy. "What SDG6 is about: ‘sustainable management’ or ‘rational use’?" Water Policy 22, no. 6 (November 4, 2020): 1015–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2020.062.

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Abstract The paper describes the Global Water Partnership partner experience in the introduction of risk-based Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) into the Ukrainian water policy. We concluded that some proper ‘expressions’ and concepts have already been introduced into Ukrainian legislation, but not the accepted ‘meanings’ of such concepts as IWRM, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), and water security. The concept of ‘sustainable management’, in the Russian version of Water SDG6, is translated as ‘rational use’ but no one can explain why. We suggest that such a misunderstanding happened since Ukrainian decision-makers still perceive themselves only as water users who are not obligated to achieve any development goals. Therefore, they are quite comfortable with the existing normative approach to water management where the objectives are compliance with defined norms and ensuring water security, which is understood as an absence of any water risk solely to humans, rather than the environment at large. Keeping in mind that true science starts with measurable values, and recognizing that you cannot manage if you cannot measure, we propose to change this false understanding of water security and sustainability that is inherent in the outmoded concept of ‘rational use’. Such a shift is only possible by switching to a measurable goal-oriented approach and risk management in water policy.

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Li, Zhi Gang. "Collaborative Mechanism of Corporate Risk Management Network." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 3766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.3766.

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Risk management is an important content of management of the company, is one of the important aspects of the competitiveness of enterprises. The optimization of Collaborative mechanism of corporate risk management network make the company could collect risk information timely, and link the risk information origin to the risk management center to realize the main body sharing of risk management, thus company can have effective distinguish and rational planning of risk,and minimizing the loss caused by risk, at the same time we should constantly optimize the risk monitoring and management system to improve the ability to resist risk formula effective.

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Rasshyvalov, D., and M. Rushkovskyi. "RISK APPETITE STATEMENT AS MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES’ INNOVATIVE RISK MANAGEMENT TOOL." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 141 (2019): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2019.141.1.67-74.

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This article analyzes the preconditions and genesis of the concept of risk appetite from the first works on rational decision problem in the conditions of risk and uncertainty, researched by John von Neumann and Oscar Morgenstern in the mid of 20th century within the description of the utility function, to the modern use of Risk Appetite Statement as an innovative risk management tool of the multinational enterprises (MNE). A special focus is placed on the practical use and benefits of the Risk Appetite Statement within the process of internationalization and MNE development of the both financial and non-financial sectors of economy of the US, European Union and Ukraine. The paper argues that the Risk Appetite Statement tool not only sets limits on risks, but also provides other important advantages for MNE in forming a business development strategy and implementing key projects. Practical application of the Risk Appetite Statement in the largest state-owned enterprise of Ukraine NJSC "Naftogaz of Ukraine" is considered in detail.

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Zhu, Xue Jun, and Rui Shen. "Exploration of the Risk Management Information System for the Large-Scale Game Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.635.

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The large-scale competition, which usually refers to a major international sports events and domestic levels, provincial and municipal as well as state-level large-scale games, such a massive game, exists the characteristics of large-scale, big investment, big risk and a longer cycle, etc. According to above uncertainty factors, natural risks, there are main risks, like social risks and personal risks. So, it is indispensable to bring information management technology into the big game, which makes the large-scale competition more rational scientific, reduces the risk, and makes large-scale competition successful.

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Kutsch, Elmar, and Mark Hall. "The Rational Choice of Not Applying Project Risk Management in Information Technology Projects." Project Management Journal 40, no. 3 (September 2009): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.20112.

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The management of risk is considered a key discipline by the Project Management Institute and the Association for Project Management. However, knowledge of what needs to be done frequently fails to result in action consistent with that knowledge. The reasons for this seem to have received little attention. This study researched the degree of use of project risk management and barriers that prevent IT project managers from using risk management. Interviews and a survey were carried out. The results show that, in one-third of cases, because of the problem of cost justification, no formal project risk management process was applied.

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Yin, Lihao, Huiyan Sang, Douglas J. Schnoebelen, Brian Wels, Don Simmons, Alyssa Mattson, Michael Schueller, Michael Pentella, and Susie Y. Dai. "Risk based arsenic rational sampling design for public and environmental health management." Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 211 (April 2021): 104274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2021.104274.

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Antomarchi, C., A. Brokerhof, S. Michalski, I. Verger, and R. R. Waller. "Teaching Risk Management of Collections Internationally." Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 2, no. 2 (June 2005): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155019060500200205.

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Risk assessment and the purpose it serves, risk management, are widely adopted by business, institutions, and governments, seeking to minimize future losses of all kinds. If the preservation goal of museums is stated as the delivery of the collection to some future point in time with as little loss in value as possible, then risk assessment and risk management provide the only rational means to reach this goal. Difficulties arise due to uncertainty and complexity. A three-week course on this method has been designed, and recently offered, by ICCROM (the International Center for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property) and the Canadian Conservation Institute (CCI), with the collaboration of leading experts from the Canadian Museum of Nature (CMN) and the Netherlands Institute for Cultural Heritage (ICN). Demand for the knowledge was strong, as shown by the number and diversity of applicants worldwide. Great care and effort was taken with the design of the learning process and the supporting resources, in order to overcome the known, and profound, challenges of the subject. The result has been successful.

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Diev, Vladimir S. "Methodological Foundations of Risk Analysis, Assessmentand Management." Siberian Journal of Philosophy 18, no. 2 (2020): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-2-98-107.

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The paper aims to represent the author’s methodological position that risk is a consequence of the decisions made by the person and is always associated with the person who not only makes a choice, but also evaluates the probabilities of possible events and associated losses. Taking a risk, the person chooses an alternative that is the result of her decision, although the possible results are not exactly known to her. The key to managing risk is the issue of measuring it. The law of large numbers by J. Bernoulli and related methodological and philosophical issues are considered. The significance of the St. Petersburg paradox for the modern understanding of risk is shown. Our thesis is that decision-making under the conditions of risk is not a person’s collision with circumstances independent of her, but a conscious and rational choice.

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Avram, Florin, and Andreea Minca. "On the central management of risk networks." Advances in Applied Probability 49, no. 1 (March 2017): 221–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apr.2016.85.

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Abstract In this paper we identify three questions concerning the management of risk networks with a central branch, which may be solved using the extensive machinery available for one-dimensional risk models. First, we propose a criterion for judging whether a subsidiary is viable by its readiness to pay dividends to the central branch, as reflected by the optimality of the zero-level dividend barrier. Next, for a deterministic central branch which must bailout a single subsidiary each time its surplus becomes negative, we determine the optimal bailout policy, as well as the ruin probability and other risk measures, in closed form. Moreover, we extend these results to the case of hierarchical networks. Finally, for nondeterministic central branches with one subsidiary, we compute approximate risk measures by applying rational approximations, and by using the recently developed matrix scale methodology.

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Palšaitis, Ramūnas, and Artūras Petraška. "Heavyweight and Oversized Cargo Transportation Risk Management." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10244-012-0005-9.

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Heavyweight and Oversized Cargo Transportation Risk Management The most important factor affecting the quality of transportation heavy goods is safety and security. Risk evaluation and management is one of the key issues during the planning oversized goods safe transportation and investments into transport infrastructure reconstruction. Usually it is international transportation and decision-making requires through analysis of the problem both, on the national and international scale and only then the most rational decision (transportation route) can be made with the view of the effective risk lowering, i.e. seeking the last possible reconstruction costs. The objective of the risk evaluation when investing into infrastructure reconstruction is to safeguard heavyweight or oversized goods transportation. When making the quantitative and economic assessment of the risk the theory of chances and mathematic statistics are most commonly used methods, because they are denoted to describe an event or process in case of ambiguous possibilities.

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Arnold, Jeffrey L. "Risk and Risk Assessment in Health Emergency Management." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 20, no. 3 (June 2005): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00002363.

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AbstractThis article considers the critical roles of risk and risk assessment in the management of health emergencies and disasters. The Task Force on Quality Control of Disaster Management (TFQCDM) has defined risk as the “objective (mathematical) or subjective (inductive) probability that something negative will occur (happen)”. Risks with the greatest relevance to health emergency management include: (1) the probability that a health hazard exists or will occur; (2) the probability that the hazard will become an event; (3) the probability that the event will lead to health damage; and (4) the probability that the health damage will lead to a health disaster. The overall risk of a health disaster is the product of these four probabilities.Risk assessments are the tools that help systems at risk—healthcare organizations, communities, regions, states, and countries—transform their visceral reactions to threats into rational strategies for risk reduction. Type I errors in risk assessment occur when situations are predicted that do not occur (risk is overestimated). Type II errors in risk assessment occur when situations are not predicted that do occur (risk is underestimated). Both types of error may have serious, even lethal, consequences.Errors in risk assessment may be reduced through strategies that optimize risk assessment, including the:(1) adoption of the TFQCDM definition of risk and other terms; (2) specification of the system at risk and situations of interest (hazard, event, damage, and health disaster); (3) adoption of a best practice approach to risk assessment methodology; (4) assembly of the requisite range of expert participants and information; (5) adoption of an evidence-based approach to using information; (6) exclusion of biased, irrelevant, and obsolete information; and (7) complete characterizations of any underlying fault and event trees.

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Bibik, Oleg Nikolaevich. "REASONABLE RISK FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY." Law Enforcement Review 2, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2542-1514.2018.2(2).48-55.

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The subject. The article is devoted to analysis of criminal legal issues of reasonable risk.The purpose of the article is to prove the necessity of reasonable risk manangement in crim-inal legal purposes.Methodology. The problem of reasonable risk is considered through the theory of rational choice, economic analysis of law, as well as through formal legal analysis.Results, scope of application. The justified risk demonstrates the ineffectiveness of the use of state coercion in view of the social utility of the actions performed, since the benefit from them exceeds the possible adverse consequences. It is stated that art. 41 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is rarely applied by judicial bodies. Reasonable risk is confound by extreme necessity. At the same time, it is not taken into account that the risk is not accompanied by the inevitable infliction of consequences, whereas if extreme necessity they come necessarily. It is proposed to introduce a system of management of reasonable risk, including through stand-ardization, development of rules of conduct in terms of possible risk, calculation of the risk fac-tor. The risk of consequences is a key factor in determining guilt. The greater the likelihood of socially dangerous consequences anticipated by a person, the greater the corresponding risk, the greater the degree of guilt of the subject. For example, with regard to direct intent, the risk factor may be 95-100%, with respect to indirect intent – 50-95%, with respect to recklessness – 1-49% (with frivolity, a person, although predicting the possibility of occurrence of events, but presupposes that they will not come; therefore, he estimates the probability of less than 50/50), with respect to negligence – 0.1-1%. If the risk of the event is less than 0.1 % or the average value reflecting its random nature, it can be concluded that there is a case.Conclusions. In case of a high probability of occurrence of consequences, the obvious risk is unreasonable and there are signs of intentional infliction. It is important to manage risks in terms of encouraging people to take risks if the criminal law imposes too high a risk level, a person abandons socially useful activities, which can lead to more serious adverse conse-quences. Stimulation of reasonable risk in criminal law is possible, inter alia, by means of pre-suppositions, in the performance of which the justified nature of risky actions is assumed.

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CAGNO, E., A. DI GIULIO, and P. TRUCCO. "RISK AND CAUSES-OF-RISK ASSESSMENT FOR AN EFFECTIVE INDUSTRIAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 07, no. 02 (June 2000): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539300000109.

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It is widely accepted that progressive improvement of industrial safety is heavily dependent on the introduction of a systematic vision of man–machine–workplace interactions. In this respect, the risk assessment is one of the most critical tasks in the management of industrial safety. The paper presents a risk assessment approach, which uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to directly and holistically estimate risk, showing greater flexibility in comparison to traditional methods. In the first phase (risk assessment), given a work task, the methodology allows to support risk characterization and prioritization of hazards within a hierarchical framework. In the second phase (causes assessment), the proposed methodology supports the influence analysis of the main causes of risk — machine, operator, procedures and environment — providing management with a more rational framework to make decisions and allocate resources devoted to safety improvement actions. The methodology is illustrated with reference to a case study concerning machining operations.

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Lind, N. C., J. S. Nathwani, and E. Siddall. "Management of risk in the public interest." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 18, no. 3 (June 1, 1991): 446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l91-055.

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There is no Canadian policy for the management of health and safety in the public interest. Both lives and resources are lost as a result. Limited life-saving resources ought to be spent efficiently in the public interest. If the life expectancy at birth is the measure of safety overall, then account must be given of the efficiency of any safety program, policy, project, or regulation in terms of the years of life in good health saved and the cost incurred. A comparison is made of 26 programs implemented in the United States, and it is shown that they collectively waste several thousand lives per year; 95 cents on the dollar is wasted. An absolute upper cost limit is established, which no life-saving program can exceed without consuming more human time than it returns. Some elements of a rational safety policy, and some concrete steps that ought to be taken now towards its implementation, are suggested. Key words: risk, management, public interest, health, safety, life, human development, index, efficiency, ethics, profession, accountability.

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Kamynina, Liudmila L., and Natalya P. Chernus. "Type 2 Diabetes Management: the impact of urbanization." City Healthcare 1, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2020.v1i2;76-88.

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Management for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is connected with urbanization because 2/3 of T2DM-patients live in towns, that is reflected in the term «urban diabetes». The T2DM-onset and T2DM-progression are depended not only on complex interaction of modified and non-modified risk factors, but also and sociodemographic determinants (and its modification at municipal level allowed to neutralize the unfavorable risk factors of T2DM&obesity. The urban non-rational food, disturbance of circadian rhythm, low T2DM-pths compliance stimulate onset of obesity, deterioration of glycemic control, high postprandial hyperglycemia, glucolipotoxicity, epigenetic changes and negative metabolic memory. Meanwhile the city politics may affect to the non-modified T2DM-risk factors at carrying the municipal policy directed to the rational catering, mass sports, organization of recreational zones, decrease of excessive urban traffic, improvement of ecology. The paper considers the features of migration to urban, religious fasting, COVID at the urban T2DM. The «urban diabetes» must be considered at therapeutic education and affected to form the active T2DM-pts-management.

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Dai, Yi Lan. "Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on Human Resource Management Risk Warning Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 2112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.2112.

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Risk becomes an increasingly concerned factor in contemporary competitive market. Based on the literature review on the theories of human resources management (HRM) risk and the reasons why they exist, this paper constructs the model of HRM risk, and then conducted an empirical research to analyze the HRM risk in a local software company using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. It finally provides us some practical precautions on the HRM risk. It could be mentioned that this topic has certain practical significance since that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation simplifies the identification process, reduces the influence of subjective factors, and enhances the scientific and rational factors.

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Çakmak, Mehmet Kerim. "Managing DO-178 Compliance with IBM Rational Platform / Zarządzanie Zgodnością Z DO-178 Przy Użyciu Platformy IBM Rational." Journal of KONBiN 25, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2013-0068.

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Abstract DO178 is a standard for avionic software for the aerospace industry which can be used as a guidance to determine if the software product will perform reliability in airborne environment. The standard has 5 different certification levels each of which has a certain set of objectives. The certification levels are determined depending on how critical the system or subsystem is. To address DO- 178 objectives, companies need a defined systems and software engineering process that can delineate workflows, inputs, outputs, roles and responsibilities. The major objectives outlined in the DO-178 standard include; - Requirements engineering - Design and development. - Validation and verification - Engineering tasks, such as configuration and change management In this presentation, we will try to explain the main principles of the DO178 standard very briefly and try to give an insight about how the objectives of this standard can be satisfied.

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Firmenich, Jennifer. "Customisable framework for project risk management." Construction Innovation 17, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 68–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ci-04-2015-0022.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to emphasise on the need for efficient and effective project risk management practices and to support project managers in increasing the cost certainty of projects by proposing a new framework for project risk management. Design/methodology/approach The author adopts a “constructivist” methodology, drawing on practices common in construction management sciences and new institutional economics. Findings The author presents a holistic and customisable project risk management framework that is grounded in both practice and academia. The framework is holistic because, amongst others, all steps of the typical risk management process are addressed. The framework is customisable, because it allows for alternative ways of implementing the project risk management steps depending on the project-specific circumstances. Research limitations/implications The framework does not address the potential unwillingness of the project players to set up a project risk management process, at all. The proposed framework has not yet been tested empirically. Future research will seek to validate the framework. Originality/value The framework is designed to account for the difficult circumstances of a complex construction project. It is intended to support decision makers in customising a practical yet comprehensive project risk management concept to the characteristics of the unique project. Although many other project risk management concepts are designed based on the assumption that actors are perfectly rational and informed, this framework’s design is based on the opposite assumption. The framework is dynamic and should adapt over time.

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Renn, O. "An ethical appraisal of hormesis: toward a rational discourse on the acceptability of risks and benefits." Human & Experimental Toxicology 27, no. 8 (August 2008): 627–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327108098495.

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Hormesis has been defined as a dose-response relationship in which there is a stimulatory response at low doses but an inhibiting response at high doses, resulting in a U- or inverted U-shaped dose response. Until now, regulatory agencies have been reluctant to address this new insight or adjusted their routines for regulating such substances. Should regulators change their principles of decision making and standard setting in the light of the new insights from hormesis research? To answer this question, it is essential to review the ethical implications of hormesis in risk assessment and management. What kind of values should goven the regulation of substances and radiation that may cause positive and negative impacts at the same time (depending on dose and individual variability)? This article tries to address this problem. It deals with the basic ethical principles and foundations of risk management and introduces the essentials of ethics and the application of ethical principles to judging the acceptability of risks to humans and the environment. It will also discuss the merits of an analytic deliberative approach to evaluating complex risks and address the application of this discursive methods to risk management taking into account the hormesis challenge.

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Lebaron, Homer M., Jonathan Gressel, Bernard C. Smale, and Diana M. Horne. "International Organization for Resistant Pest Management (IOPRM) - A Step Toward Rational Resistance Management Recommendations." Weed Technology 6, no. 3 (September 1992): 765–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00036186.

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A group of scientists from academia, government, and industry, along with ecologists, regulators, conservationists, and grower representatives have formed an International Organization for Resistant Pest Management (IOPRM) to review and delineate proactive and retroactive management strategies for specific cases of pesticide resistance. Within IOPRM, technical working groups were appointed to deal with each pest group. The Weed Resistance Management Working Group (WRMWG) is chaired by Drs. Jonathan Gressel and Leonard Saari, and will deal with the analysis and promoting of alternative control strategies for case studies where a high risk of herbicide resistant weeds exists. Based on our experience to date, crops such as wheat, corn, and soybeans and weeds such as kochia, annual ryegrass and blackgrass, will be used as models to develop optimum weed resistance management programs. The group is especially looking for herbicide and weed control data on negative-cross resistance, econometric models, novel management procedures, and quantitative data from weed scientists and other research and extension communities that could facilitate reaching optimal management decisions. All recommendations and experiences will be communicated through a worldwide network.

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Morkovina, Svetlana, and Oksana Netrebskaya. "RISK FACTORS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND THEIR ASSESSMENT IN FORESTRY IN RUSSIA." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 9, no. 2 (July 16, 2021): 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2021-9-2-76-91.

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The article deals with the complex groups of risks of state forest management: strategic; managerial; operational (natural and climatic), legal (legal), property (related to property, forest resources and land), financial, commercial, technological; informational; security risks; design (software); reputational. Macro-level risk factors determine the state forest policy, transformed into strategies, development programs and implemented at the level of the Ministry of Natural Resources. Risk factors at the meso-level of forest management determine the effectiveness of the interaction of the Federal Forestry Agency with participants in forestry relations in order to ensure rational, continuous and sustainable forest management, reproduction, protection and protection of forests. Micro-level factors are implemented in regional forestry systems. For the purpose of assessing their significance and probability of occurrence, an expert method was used, implemented at the meso and micro levels of state forest management. The most priority for the state forest management at the meso-level are strategic (programmatic), financial, commercial risk factors, as well as security risks, while for the micro-level, natural-climatic and personnel risk factors are also among the priorities. To create a unified state risk management system in forest management, it is necessary to develop a unified approach that takes into account complex risk groups differentiated in the context of regional systems.

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Zhao, Xianbo, Bon-Gang Hwang, and Sui Pheng Low. "Enterprise risk management implementation in construction firms." Management Decision 52, no. 5 (June 10, 2014): 814–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-02-2014-0082.

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Purpose – The purposes of this paper are to: first, identify the critical drivers for and hindrances to enterprise risk management (ERM) implementation in Singapore-based Chinese construction firms (CCFs); second, interpret the critical drivers and hindrances in tandem with organizational change theories; and third, provide possible strategies to strengthen the drivers and overcome the hindrances. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire survey was conducted and responses were received from 35 experienced managers in CCFs operating in Singapore. Findings – A total of 13 drivers and 25 hindrances with significant influence were identified. Of them, “improved decision-making” was the top driver, while “insufficient resources (e.g. time, money, people, etc.)” was the most influential hindrance. Research limitations/implications – As the survey was performed with the Singapore-based CCFs, there may be geographical limitation on the identification of the critical drivers for and hindrances to ERM implementation. The sample size was still small, despite a relatively high response rate. Practical implications – Specific strategies were identified to strengthen the drivers for ERM implementation and overcome the hindrances to ERM implementation. Originality/value – This study present the theoretical rational behind the critical drivers for and hindrances to ERM implementation. As few studies have attempted to investigate ERM in construction firms, this study contributes to the literature through interpreting ERM implementation from an organizational change perspective. The identification of the drivers and hindrances and the managerial implications provide practitioners and academics with valuable information as well as a clear understanding of how to consolidate ERM programs and overcome the hindrances.

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Yang, Zhisen, Zaili Yang, Jingbo Yin, and Zhuohua Qu. "A risk-based game model for rational inspections in port state control." Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review 118 (October 2018): 477–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2018.08.001.

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Chand, Mahesh, Tilak Raj, Ravi Shankar, and Aashish Agarwal. "Select the best supply chain by risk analysis for Indian industries environment using MCDM approaches." Benchmarking: An International Journal 24, no. 5 (July 3, 2017): 1400–1413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-09-2015-0090.

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Purpose Risk management in supply chain (SC) is not an easy task due to different uncertainty and intricacy. Management of risk is necessary for smooth operation of SC. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches to select the best SC which has minimum risks. Design/methodology/approach In proposed methodologies different steps, i.e. goal, risk attributes, risk sub-attributes and alternatives are identified for the selection of best SC using analytical network process which is being followed by the Multi-Objective Optimization by Rational Analysis method. Findings Findings of this paper are highly valuable for Indian manufacturing industries for risk management in SC. It helps the researchers and managers to deal with different types of uncertainty and risks associated with SC. Research limitations/implications This research is limited only for risk management in SC. Other issues in SC can be analyzed and further extended by other MCDM approaches. Originality/value This paper identified the different risks in SC and a systematic way to find out the best SC which helps the researchers and managers in risk mitigation.

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USYK, Vladislavа, and Serhii VOITKO. "Risk management related to the use of payment systems." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 7/1 (July 30, 2021): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2021.7(1).6.

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Payment system is a complex system of managing funds transfers and settlements between economic entities, which ensures the rational implementation of the basic functions, uninterrupted financing of activities using the latest methods and payment instruments used to reduce cash flow and ensure the effectiveness of monetary, monetary policy countries. In the course of its functioning, the payment system, like any economic system, can be exposed to the risks of its professional activity. Characteristic risks of the payment system are credit risk, liquidity risk, currency risk, operational, legal and systemic. In the event of risks, an effective management system should be implemented, taking into account all possible scenarios of impact, both micro- and macroeconomic factors, which could cause significant losses at all levels of government. An important aspect of a payment system's risk management policy is that it is adequately assessed. The main stages of assessing the level of financial risks generated by the use of payment systems and their impact on the performance indicators are: 1. Systematization and formalization of financial risk factors generated by the use of payment systems. 2. Constructing a multiple multivariate regression equation, realizing the relation between factor (X) and performance (B). 3. The choice of factor traits to include them in the equation of the economic-mathematical model of standardized regression. 4. Economic interpretation of the results of correlation-regression analysis and their use in the decision-making process. Information base for assessing the level of risks generated by the use of payment systems is the NBU's official data on the activity of Ukrainian banks. It should be noted that the most sensitive to the risks generated by the use of payment systems are: liquidity risk; credit risk, currency risk. Thus, in a context of uncertainty and environmental volatility for banking institutions, the strategic aspect should be to focus on securing competitive positions, determining the acceptable level of risk through the use of the latest economic and mathematical modeling tools, extrapolation forecasting, fuzzy set theory, and choice of payment systems with them should be a strategic priority for each organization.

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Kasdan, David Oliver. "Considering socio-cultural factors of disaster risk management." Disaster Prevention and Management 25, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 464–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-03-2016-0055.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between factors of socio-cultural contexts and disaster risk. Recent efforts by international organizations and research scholarship have emphasized that applying contextual understandings of human behavior can improve the effectiveness of disaster risk management (DRM). Design/methodology/approach – The research employs multiple correlation analysis to find significant relationships between two sources of socio-cultural data and the World Risk Index scores. Findings – There are interesting relationships between various measures of socio-cultural context and disaster risk, such as correlations with levels of individualism, self-expression, and secular-rational values. Research limitations/implications – While using the broadest sample available with the data sources, generalizations about the relationships must be tempered as inherently anecdotal and needing greater depth of study. The national level of analysis is controversial. Practical implications – Emergency managers can extend the knowledge about socio-cultural influences on disaster risk to tailor policy for effective practices. Social implications – Societies may recognize their behaviors as being conducive or obstructive to DRM based on their socio-cultural characteristics; governments may operationalize the findings into policy responses for more nuanced mitigation efforts. Originality/value – This research adds to the momentum for considering non-technical approaches to DRM and expands the potential for social science derived variables in DRM.

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Podzolkov, V. I., M. V. Pisarev, and D. A. Zateyshchikova. "Angiotensin receptor blockers: rational prescription tailored to the cardiovascular risk and comorbidities." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 11 (December 6, 2018): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2018-11-89-95.

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Reninangiotensinaldosterone axis activation is an important mechanism of hypertension and its cardiovascular and renal complications. Angiotensin receptor blockers are considered among the firstchoice antihypertensive drugs in Russia, European countries, and the USA. In addition to antihypertensive action, these drugs positively influence several components of the cardiovascular continuum and can be used for individualized management of high cardiovascular risk patients. The paper discusses the benefits of angiotensin receptor blockers use in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. The paper includes a clinical case scenario revealing antihypertensive efficacy of telmisartan as an initial agent in a patient with high risk of cardiovascular events.

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Diev, Vladimir S. "Risk and Uncertainty in the Russian Model of Management." Siberian Journal of Philosophy 18, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2020-18-3-28-36.

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The paperexamines the attitude to uncertainty and risk withinthe Russian model of management by A.P. Prokhorov. It is shown that the attitudeis determined by the dual nature of this model. The Russian managementsystem in itsmobilization phase easily copes with the uncertainty and allows risky decisions. In the stable phase, the Russian model rejects risk, and security, understood as maintaining the achieved state, becomes a priority. A risky situation is a type of uncertain one when the occurrence of possible events is probable and can be estimated. In this situation, it is possible to assess the likelihood of events resulting from the influence of the natural environment, the actions of partners, opponents, etc., which cannot be done in a situationof uncertainty, and this is thekey factor that distinguishes between risk and uncertainty. Wedefine risk as an integral indicator that combines assessments of both the probabilities of implementing a solution and the quantitative characteristics of its consequences. Thus, risk management presupposes, first of all, a conscious and rational choice. Since changing the national model of management takes a lot of time, wesuggest to try to change the attitude to risk in modern Russian organizations.

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Zhang, Wei, and Jin Yang. "Study on Risk-Driven Iterative Development Method of Geophysical Information Management System Based on RUP." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 2051–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.2051.

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It is the function of Geophysical Information Management System to manage these data and provide database for the project decision-making. This paper uses Unified Modeling Language to describe and construct the system model by means of iterative and incremental development method under the guidance of mature Rational Unified Process. The analysis and design of Geophysical Information Management System can not only reduce the risk of failure, but also meet all the users’ requirements.

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Gent, David H., Erick De Wolf, and Sarah J. Pethybridge. "Perceptions of Risk, Risk Aversion, and Barriers to Adoption of Decision Support Systems and Integrated Pest Management: An Introduction." Phytopathology® 101, no. 6 (June 2011): 640–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-04-10-0124.

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Rational management of plant diseases, both economically and environmentally, involves assessing risks and the costs associated with both correct and incorrect tactical management decisions to determine when control measures are warranted. Decision support systems can help to inform users of plant disease risk and thus assist in accurately targeting events critical for management. However, in many instances adoption of these systems for use in routine disease management has been perceived as slow. The under-utilization of some decision support systems is likely due to both technical and perception constraints that have not been addressed adequately during development and implementation phases. Growers' perceptions of risk and their aversion to these perceived risks can be reasons for the “slow” uptake of decision support systems and, more broadly, integrated pest management (IPM). Decision theory provides some tools that may assist in quantifying and incorporating subjective and/or measured probabilities of disease occurrence or crop loss into decision support systems. Incorporation of subjective probabilities into IPM recommendations may be one means to reduce grower uncertainty and improve trust of these systems because management recommendations could be explicitly informed by growers' perceptions of risk and economic utility. Ultimately though, we suggest that an appropriate measure of the value and impact of decision support systems is grower education that enables more skillful and informed management decisions independent of consultation of the support tool outputs.

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Tooby, John, and Leda Cosmides. "The evolved architecture of hazard management: Risk detection reasoning and the motivational computation of threat magnitudes." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 29, no. 6 (December 2006): 631–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x06009538.

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The architecture of the hazard management system underlying precautionary behavior makes functional sense, given the adaptive computational problems it evolved to solve. Many seeming infelicities in its outputs, such as behavior with “apparent lack of rational motivation” or disproportionality, are susceptibilities that derive from the sheer computational difficulty posed by the problem of cost-effectively deploying countermeasures to rare, harmful threats.

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BREKHUNTSOV, Anatoliy Mikhailovich, Yuriy Vladimirovich PETROV, and Grigoriy Aleksandrovich PROSKURIN. "Risk-based modeling of socio-ecological development within the Ob-Irtysh basin of Ugra." NEWS of the Ural State Mining University, no. 4 (December 20, 2020): 194–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2020-4-194-205.

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Relevance of the work. Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra is the largest oil producer in the country, which is associated with significant geoecological risks. Solving the problems of preserving the safety of the natural environment in a vast territory with a high anthropogenic load requires the attraction of new directions, taking into account the existing mechanisms of natural-climatic and socio-economic development within the Ob-Irtysh basin. Purpose of the work is to develop proposals for the implementation of a risk-oriented modeling model for the social and ecological development of the Ob-Irtysh basin of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra. Research method. Primary cartographic and semantic information on the territory of the Ob-Irtysh basin was collected and compared with data on the socio-economic development of the region; then modelling of the socioecological development of the territory based on a risk-based model was performed. Results. The socio-economic development of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra is associated with rational nature management within the boundaries of the Ob-Irtysh basin. For this purpose, appropriate information and telecommunications infrastructure have been created, and mechanisms for making management decisions in the field of environmental management have been formed on the basis of full-fledged risk-oriented information support. The proposed model makes it possible to create an effective organization of nature management, which allows the general public to be provided with full-fledged factual material that reflects the specifics of the development of the geoecological situation. Conclusions. Rational nature management in the Ob-Irtysh basin of Ugra can be effectively organized on the basis of risk-oriented modeling of socio-ecological development, on the basis of the full use of accumulated experience and information resources in the current political, socio-economic, infrastructural and climatic conditions

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Rykunov, I. V. "Methodical approach to the formation of a business risk management system for international hydropower projects based on a balanced scorecard." Issues of Risk Analysis 16, no. 2 (April 28, 2019): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32686/1812-5220-2019-16-2-88-94.

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Among business structures leading international business, there is not a single business without risks. According to the author, it does not depend on the field of work or the type of activity of the enterprise. The field of hydropower is exposed to risks, perhaps, to a greater extent, because in addition to the main business risks, risks associated with the implementation of projects that depend on renewable energy sources are added. The purpose of this study is to find the main indicators of the performance of hydropower enterprises to assess the risks of their international projects. The study used an analytical method. One of the risk assessment tools is a balanced scorecard. In this article, the author reviewed the work of a similar subject of the authors, published in the journal “Problems of Risk Analysis”. Some aspects of the formation of the system as a tool for assessing the risks of business structures and businesses operating in the field of hydropower are covered. The scope of the results obtained can be a set of management decisions made by the management of hydropower enterprises, as well as in the development of a risk management methods. It is a conscious and rational attitude to risk that expands the possibilities for successful management of international hydropower projects.

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Waugh, William L. "The fiscal risk of all-hazards emergency managementorthe political hazards in rational policy." International Journal of Public Administration 22, no. 5 (January 1999): 611–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900699908525398.

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Wakker, Peter P., Daniëlle R. M. Timmermans, and Irma Machielse. "The Effects of Statistical Information on Risk and Ambiguity Attitudes, and on Rational Insurance Decisions." Management Science 53, no. 11 (November 2007): 1770–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1070.0735.

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Leland, Jonathan W., Mark Schneider, and Nathaniel T. Wilcox. "Minimal Frames and Transparent Frames for Risk, Time, and Uncertainty." Management Science 65, no. 9 (September 2019): 4318–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3167.

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Behavior differs between transparent and nontransparent presentations of decisions, but “transparent presentation” has not been precisely defined. We formally define “transparent frames” for risk and time, establish their uniqueness, provide algorithms for constructing them, and compare them with “standard” presentation formats. A logic emerges for predicting systematic shifts in choice under risk and over time, and how violations of rational choice theory will depend on frames. An experiment verifies most of those predictions in choice under risk. We extend results to choice under uncertainty and also predict frame dependence of ambiguity aversion, a result supported by recent experimental evidence. This paper was accepted by Elke Weber, judgment and decision making.

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Mochalova, M. N., V. A. Mudrov, and S. V. Novokshanovа. "The Role of Intranatal Risk Factors in the Pathogenesis of Birth Injury." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 5, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2020-5.1.1.

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Rational management of labor refers to the most significant areas of practical obstetrics, since errors in predicting the outcome of labor through the birth canal often lead to the development of birth injury to the mother and fetus. Modern research methods and rational management of childbirth have led to a decrease in perinatal mortality. However, despite these achievements, the incidence of birth injury and subsequent disability of newborns is still at a level that is not acceptable for the XXI century.The purpose of the research was to study the structure and outcome of the generic injury of the fetus.Materials: Literature of foreign and domestic authors within the period from 2003 to 2018.Methods: Systematic analysis and synthesis of literary data.Conclusion: Despite the decline in perinatal mortality, the problem of disability of children, as well as violations of the quality of life due to birth trauma, remains relevant. This requires further study, the introduction of new diagnostic and clinical and prognostic technologies aimed at reducing birth injuries. Prevention of birth injury should be based on timely prenatal diagnosis of fetal macrosomia, determination of the optimal method of delivery, exclusion of iatrogenic factors of aggression during birth through the birth canal.

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McRoberts, N., C. Hall, L. V. Madden, and G. Hughes. "Perceptions of Disease Risk: From Social Construction of Subjective Judgments to Rational Decision Making." Phytopathology® 101, no. 6 (June 2011): 654–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-04-10-0126.

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Many factors influence how people form risk perceptions. Farmers' perceptions of risk and levels of risk aversion impact on decision-making about such things as technology adoption and disease management practices. Irrespective of the underlying factors that affect risk perceptions, those perceptions can be summarized by variables capturing impact and uncertainty components of risk. We discuss a new framework that has the subjective probability of disease and the cost of decision errors as its central features, which might allow a better integration of social science and epidemiology, to the benefit of plant disease management. By focusing on the probability and cost (or impact) dimensions of risk, the framework integrates research from the social sciences, economics, decision theory, and epidemiology. In particular, we review some useful properties of expected regret and skill value, two measures of expected cost that are particularly useful in the evaluation of decision tools. We highlight decision-theoretic constraints on the usefulness of decision tools that may partly explain cases of failure of adoption. We extend this analysis by considering information-theoretic criteria that link model complexity and relative performance and which might explain why users reject forecasters that impose even moderate increases in the complexity of decision making despite improvements in performance or accept very simple decision tools that have relatively poor performance.

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Ortiz-Molina, Hernan. "Top Management Incentives and the Pricing of Corporate Public Debt." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 41, no. 2 (June 2006): 317–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109000002088.

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AbstractThis article examines managerial ownership structure and at-issue yield spreads on corporate bonds. There is a positive relation between managerial ownership and borrowing costs, and this relation is weaker at higher levels of ownership. In addition, managerial stock options have a larger effect on yield spreads than stock ownership. These effects exist after controlling for firm and bond characteristics, and are robust to endogeneity and sample selection concerns. The evidence suggests that rational bondholders price new debt issues using the information about a firm's future risk choices contained in managerial incentive structures, and that lenders anticipate higher risk-taking incentives from managerial stock options than from equity ownership.

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Ellison, Mike. "MOVING THE FOCUS FROM TREE DEFECTS TO RATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT—A PARADIGM SHIFT FOR TREE MANAGERS." Arboricultural Journal 30, no. 2 (October 2007): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2007.9747488.

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Shaikh, Suhail A., Bernard L. Marini, Shannon M. Hough, and Anthony J. Perissinotti. "Rational use of rasburicase for the treatment and management of tumor lysis syndrome." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 24, no. 3 (January 11, 2017): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155216687152.

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Purpose There is a lack of high-level evidence identifying meaningful outcomes and the optimal place in therapy of rasburicase in patients with, or at high risk for tumor lysis syndrome. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize outcomes resulting from an institution-specific guideline emphasizing supportive care, xanthine oxidase inhibitors, and lower doses of rasburicase. Methods In this retrospective chart review, we compared conservative rasburicase dosing, in accordance with newly developed UMHS tumor lysis syndrome guidelines, with aggressive rasburicase in adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) with hematological or solid tumor malignancies, and a uric acid level between 8 and 15 mg/dL. The primary efficacy outcome assessed the difference in the proportion of patients achieving a uric acid level <8 mg/dL within 48 h using a one-sided noninferiority test. The principle safety outcomes analyzed included incidence of acute kidney injury and hemodialysis requirement. Results One hundred sixty-one patients met inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Within 48 h of an elevated uric acid level, treatment was successful in 97.03% of patients in the conservative group, as compared with 98.33% in the aggressive group (difference, 1.3 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], −3.33 to 5.93). Furthermore, there was no difference in the proportion of patients requiring hemodialysis (2.97% vs. 10.0%, p-value 0.079), or incidence of acute kidney injury (4.0% vs. 12.5%, p-value 1.00) between the treatment group and control group, respectively. Conclusions Conservative rasburicase use was noninferior to aggressive rasburicase use in patients with or at high risk for tumor lysis syndrome.

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Lee, Insu, Junseok Lee, and Sungil Ham. "A Study on Storm and Flood Insurance Management Mapping: Case Study of Incheon Metropolitan City." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no. 11 (October 29, 2019): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8110485.

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In this research, we have used spatial information analysis techniques and procedures to process storm, flood, and snow damage risks, and apply premium rates to produce a Storm and Flood Insurance Management Map. To calculate risk, we used ArcGIS’s main features to overlay, integrate, and classify data. Moreover, we designed an ArcGIS Model Builder program to process very large amounts of risk data quickly and accurately. Excel’s pivot feature was used to calculate areas and premium rates according to flood depth. In the case of Incheon metropolitan city, the average risk was 2.85 on the 4-level scale, which lies between "alert" and "danger" and corresponds to the 1st of the 4 premium rate grades. In particular, there were high risks and high premium rates in areas around ports, ocean beaches, and beaches connected to rivers. We expect that this insurance management map created using spatial information analysis techniques will provide useful data for scientific natural disaster response and prevention planning, rational insurance rate calculation and application, and promotion of policies, which identify and prevent areas at risk for frequent storm and flood damage.

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Velamoor, Vr, Gn Swamy, Late-Rs Parmar, P. Williamson, and Sn Caroff. "Management of Suspected Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 9 (November 1995): 545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379504000907.

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Objective Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) is a rare but potentially lethal form of drug-induced hyperthermia. The objective of this paper is to provide data regarding early and suspected cases as well as offer guidelines for managing this condition. Knowledge of suspected cases will lead to early recognition and prompt management of this condition in the future. Method To address the gap in knowledge, we present 2 case reports of patients with early NMS-like symptoms. The case reports are followed by a brief review of the literature on differential diagnoses, risk factors, early signs and treatment data. Conclusions The most rational approach to treating NMS entails a hierarchy of interventions determined by the severity and progression of symptoms.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Rational risk management'

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