Journal articles: 'Rational view'

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Rovane, Carol. "From a Rational Point of View." Philosophical Topics 30, no. 1 (2002): 209–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtopics200230120.

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Radonjic, Ognjen. "Rational speculative bubbles: A critical view." Ekonomski anali 52, no. 174-175 (2007): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka0775073r.

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According to the theory of rational bubbles, the bubble is present whenever asset prices progressively diverge from their fundamental value, which occurs because agents expect that asset prices will continue to grow exponentially (self-fulfilling prophecies) far in the future and consistently, which promises the realization of ever larger capital gains. In our opinion, the basic shortcoming of this theory refers to the assumption that all market agents are perfectly informed and rational and, accordingly, form homogeneous expectations. The model does not explain decision-making processes or expectation formation, nor does it detect potential psychological and institutional factors that might significantly influence decision making processes and market participants? reactions to news. Since assumptions of the model critically determine its validity, we conclude that comprehensiveness of the rational bubble model is, to put it mildly, limited.

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di Nucci, E. "Rational constraints and the Simple View." Analysis 70, no. 3 (April 29, 2010): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/anq032.

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Brennan, Geoffrey. "Climate change: a rational choice politics view." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 53, no. 3 (July 2009): 309–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2009.00457.x.

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HUBBARD, JOHN, and VICTOR MOLL. "A GEOMETRIC VIEW OF RATIONAL LANDEN TRANSFORMATIONS." Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 35, no. 03 (May 2003): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0024609303001930.

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Held, Virginia. "Non-contractual Society: A Feminist View." Canadian Journal of Philosophy Supplementary Volume 13 (1987): 111–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1987.10715932.

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Contemporary society is in the grip of contractual thinking. Realities are interpreted in contractual terms, and goals are formulated in terms of rational contracts. The leading current conceptions of rationality begin with assumptions that human beings are independent, self-interested or mutually disinterested, individuals; they then typically argue that it is often rational for human beings to enter into contractual relationships with each other.

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BRÜMMER, VINCENT. "How rational is rational theology? A reply to Mikael Stenmark." Religious Studies 35, no. 1 (March 1999): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412598004727.

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In this response to Stenmark's critique of my views on rational theology, I concentrate on his distinction between the epistemic and the practical goals of religion and between descriptive and normative rational theology. With regard to the first distinction, I grant that truth claims play an essential role in religious belief and that it is indeed the task of philosophy of religion to decide on the meaning and rationality of such claims. I argue, however, that since such claims are internally related to the practical context of religious belief, their meaning and rationality cannot be determined apart from this context as is done in the kind of rational theology which Stenmark calls ‘scientific’. With regard to the second distinction, I reject Stenmark's view that philosophy of religion has a descriptive task with reference to religion, and hence also his claim that I have put forward a false description of ‘the religious language game’.

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Waits, Bert K., and Franklin Demana. "Computers and the Rational-Root Theorem—Another View." Mathematics Teacher 82, no. 2 (February 1989): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.82.2.0124.

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A recent article offers a 153-line computer program that numerically determines the rational roots of polynomial equations with degree n ≤ 10 (O'Donnell 1988). The program forms and systematically checks all possible rational roots. This article outlines another approach to finding the rational roots of polynomial equations based on computer graphing that is more general and integrates graphing with the purely algebraic approach. The method is easy and can be used with popular computer graphing utilities or with graphing calculators such as the Casio fx- 70000 or the Sharp EL-5200.

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Udwadia, F. E. "Organizational Management—A Look Beyond the Rational View." Journal of Management in Engineering 2, no. 1 (January 1986): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)9742-597x(1986)2:1(57).

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NELKIN, DANA K. "RESPONSIBILITY AND RATIONAL ABILITIES: DEFENDING AN ASYMMETRICAL VIEW*." Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 89, no. 4 (December 2008): 497–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0114.2008.00333.x.

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Besana, Alberto, and Cristina Martínez. "A Topological View of Reed–Solomon Codes." Mathematics 9, no. 5 (March 9, 2021): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9050578.

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We studied a particular class of well known error-correcting codes known as Reed–Solomon codes. We constructed RS codes as algebraic-geometric codes from the normal rational curve. This approach allowed us to study some algebraic representations of RS codes through the study of the general linear group GL(n,q). We characterized the coefficients that appear in the decompostion of an irreducible representation of the special linear group in terms of Gromov–Witten invariants of the Hilbert scheme of points in the plane. In addition, we classified all the algebraic codes defined over the normal rational curve, thereby providing an algorithm to compute a set of generators of the ideal associated with any algebraic code constructed on the rational normal curve (NRC) over an extension Fqn of Fq.

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Schroeder, Mark. "RATIONAL STABILITY UNDER PRAGMATIC ENCROACHMENT." Episteme 15, no. 3 (July 19, 2018): 297–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/epi.2018.24.

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ABSTRACTIn this paper I will be concerned with the relationship between pragmatic encroachment and the rational instability of belief. I will be concerned to make five points: first, that some defenders of pragmatic encroachment are indeed committed to predictable rational instability of belief; second, that rational instability is indeed troublesome – particularly when it is predictable; third, that the bare thesis of pragmatic encroachment is not committed to rational instability of belief at all; fourth, that the view that Jake Ross and I have called the ‘reasoning disposition’ account of belief has the right structure to predict limited and stable pragmatic encroachment on the rationality of belief; and fifth and finally, that the very best cases for pragmatic encroachment are rationally stable in the right ways.

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Adiceam, Faustin. "Rational approximation and arithmetic progressions." International Journal of Number Theory 11, no. 02 (March 2015): 451–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042115500232.

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A reasonably complete theory of the approximation of an irrational by rational fractions whose numerators and denominators lie in prescribed arithmetic progressions is developed in this paper. Results are both, on the one hand, from a metrical and a non-metrical point of view and, on the other hand, from an asymptotic and also a uniform point of view. The principal novelty is a Khintchine type theorem for uniform approximation in this context. Some applications of this theory are also discussed.

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Møen, Atle. "Democracy and public communication: A Durkheimian lens on Habermas." Acta Sociologica 62, no. 1 (February 7, 2018): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699317752793.

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The article proposes a comparison of Durkheim’s and Habermas’s views about public communication and democratic deliberation. They seem to share an understanding that democratic deliberation requires support from the public sphere. Nonetheless, Durkheim believed that rational public communication must gain strength from ceremonies, whereas Habermas essentially focused on communicative rationality and rational discourse within the public sphere. The article thus asks whether Habermas’s theory of rational discourse implies a rationalist fallacy, largely because he offers no plausible explanation of the way in which social actors are emotionally motivated to participate in rational discourses, rather than resorting to violence and manipulation. Could Durkheim’s view about public communication, and its need to gather strength from collective ceremonies and collective sentiments, resolve this theoretical conundrum in that Durkheim’s view is complementary to Habermas’s?

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Copp, David. "Morality, Reason, and Management Science: The Rationale of Cost-Benefit Analysis." Social Philosophy and Policy 2, no. 2 (1985): 128–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052500003241.

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The ProblemEconomic efficiency is naturally thought to be a virtue of social policies and decisions, and cost-benefit (CB) analysis is commonly regarded as a technique for measuring economic efficiency. It is not surprising, then, that CB analysis is so widely used in social policy analysis. However, there is a great deal of controversy about CB analysis, including controversy about its underlying philosophical rationale. The rationales that have been proposed fall into three basic, though not mutually exclusive categories. There are moralist views to the effect that an acceptable CB analysis would provide, or contribute to, an ethical appraisal of proposed policies or projects. There are rationalist views to the effect that an acceptable CB analysis would contribute to the selection of social policies and projects that are “socially rational.” Finally, there are so-called management science views to the effect that the purpose of CB analysis is to promote the achievement of objectives held by the policy maker, whatever they may be. Different positions are available within each of these categories. But there is also the possibility that CB analysis lacks any viable rationale. I will examine some of the major rationales for CB analysis in this paper, and I will suggest that the last view is close to the truth.

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Kay Nelkin, Dana. "Responsibility, Reflection, and Rational Ability." Monist 103, no. 3 (June 17, 2020): 294–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/monist/onaa005.

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Abstract This paper takes as its starting point the thesis that one is responsible for one’s actions insofar as one has the ability to act for good reasons. Such a view faces a challenge: it is plausible that only beings with the ability to reflect are responsible agents, and yet it seems that not only is it possible to act for reasons without reflecting, it seems to happen quite frequently. Thus, advocates of the rational-ability view of responsibility must either reject as a necessary condition that responsible agents must have the ability to reflect, or locate a plausible role for reflective ability. In this paper, I propose and assess a variety of ways to meet this challenge.

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Kalucy, Ross. "Neither angel nor cuckoo: a rational view of ECT." Medical Journal of Australia 155, no. 1 (July 1991): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb116366.x.

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Post, Thomas R. "One Point of View: Fractions and Other Rational Numbers." Arithmetic Teacher 37, no. 1 (September 1989): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.37.1.0003.

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The results of national and international assessments indicate that students have significant difficulties in learning about rational numbers, in 1979 only 24 percent of the nation's thirteen-year-olds could estimate the sum of 12/13 and 7/8 given the following possibilities: 1, 2, 19, 21, and I don't know. Fifty-five percent selected either 19 or 21 as the estimated sum!

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Fowler, John M. "A rational view of irrational behavior: Waging nuclear peace." Physics Teacher 24, no. 4 (April 1986): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.2342002.

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Adamatzky, Andrew, Selim Akl, Ramon Alonso-Sanz, Wesley van Dessel, Zuwairie Ibrahim, Andrew Ilachinski, Jeff Jones, et al. "Are motorways rational from slime mould's point of view?" International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems 28, no. 3 (June 2013): 230–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445760.2012.685884.

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Stoelhorst, J. W. "Better Than Rational: A Naturalistic View of Economic Governance." Complexity, Governance & Networks, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/cgn-39.

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The purpose of this paper is to present a recently emerging evolutionary approach to the study of human organization that I will refer to as ‘naturalistic’, and to highlight its integrative potential for the social and administrative sciences. This naturalistic approach considers the various forms of human cooperation as products of gene-culture co-evolutionary processes, and in doing so goes to the heart of the collective action problems that are central to explaining the human condition. Moreover, in building empirically grounded explanations of human behavior and organization, it also offers an alternative to the traditional view of governance in economic theory, with its emphasis on decentralized exchange and rational self-interested choice. The naturalistic approach both explains why human nature has evolved to the point where we often can do ‘better than rational’ in the face of the social dilemmas underlying collective action problems, and why modern forms of social, economic, and political organization are nevertheless always prone to being undermined by these same dilemmas.

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Kantorovich, Aharon. "An evolutionary view of science: Imitation and memetics." Social Science Information 53, no. 3 (May 15, 2014): 363–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018414526325.

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Scientific thought is characterized in general as methodical and rational. I would like to present here an opposing view, which treats science as a non-systematic activity, where serendipity, tinkering and imitation, rather than so-called rational thought, characterizes it. All these kinds of acts, which are considered to be a-rational, are related to an evolutionary view of science. Here I deal with a version of evolutionary epistemology as applied to science, integrated with the concept of ‘meme’. Richard Dawkins, who coined the term, treats memes as units of information that propagate in the meme pool by leaping from brain to brain. Memetics is the counterpart of genetics in the cultural arena. In its application to science, it deals with the manner in which memes/ideas spread in scientific communities. Memes (ideas) replicate through imitation. Examples of this phenomenon in science are illustrated by some historical cases. In particular, I deal with the evolution of theories of ‘internal symmetries’ in particle physics.

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Wilson, Eric Entrican. "Habitual Desire: On Kant’s Concept of Inclination." Kantian Review 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 211–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415416000030.

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AbstractTamar Schapiro has offered an important new ‘Kantian’ account of inclination and motivation, one that expands and refines Christine Korsgaard’s view. In this article I argue that Kant’s own view differs significantly from Schapiro’s. Above all, Kant thinks of inclinations as dispositions, not occurrent desires; and he does not believe that they stem directly from a non-rational source, as she argues. Schapiro’s ‘Kantian’ view rests on a much sharper distinction between the rational and non-rational parts of the soul. In the process of explaining these (and other) differences, I argue that Kant’s own view is in some respects philosophically superior to Schapiro’s.

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Oohara, Takeshi. "Rational view of reduced radical gastrectomy for early gastric cancers." Japanese Journal of Gastroenterological Surgery 24, no. 1 (1991): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5833/jjgs.24.167.

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Nowlan, W. "HUMAN GENETICS: A Rational View of Insurance and Genetic Discrimination." Science 297, no. 5579 (July 12, 2002): 195–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1070987.

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No authorship indicated. "Review of The Theory of Intelligence: A Sensory-Rational View." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 36, no. 4 (April 1991): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/029686.

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Sullivan, Larry. "A Sound and Rational View of Biofuels in North America." Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 12, no. 2 (March 2018): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1868.

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Turbiner, A. V., and J. C. Lopez Vieyra. "F4Quantum Integrable, rational and trigonometric models: space-of-orbits view." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 512 (May 12, 2014): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/512/1/012014.

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Delhibabu, R., and G. Lakemeyer. "A Rational and Efficient Algorithm for View Revision in Databases." Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences 7, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 843–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/amis/070302.

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Delhibabu, Radhakrishnan, and Andreas Behrend. "A new rational algorithm for view updating in relational databases." Applied Intelligence 42, no. 3 (November 11, 2014): 466–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10489-014-0579-0.

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Delhibabu, Radhakrishnan. "Comparative study of view update algorithms in rational choice theory." Applied Intelligence 42, no. 3 (November 9, 2014): 447–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10489-014-0580-7.

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Brovč, Ema Valentina, Janez Mravljak, Roman Šink, and Stane Pajk. "Rational design to biologics development: The polysorbates point of view." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 581 (May 2020): 119285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119285.

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Tanney, Julia. "Playing the Rule-following Game." Philosophy 75, no. 2 (April 2000): 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100000255.

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This paper argues that there is something deeply wrong with the attempt to give rule-following explanations of broadly rational activities. It thus supports the view that rational norms are part of the ‘bedrock’ and it challenges the widespread strategy of attempting to explain an individual's rational or linguistic abilities by attributing to her knowledge of a theory of some kind. The theorist who would attempt to attribute knowledge of norms to an individual in order to explain her ability to act rationally is presented with a dilemma: either she is committed to a (vicious) explanatory regress or she destroys the normative nature of these rational practices or activities, thus making it pointless to attribute knowledge of the norms to an individual who participates in these practices. The appeal to tacit or implicit knowledge does not help in avoiding the basic dilemma.

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Folgado-Fernández, José A., Paulo Duarte, and José Manuel Hernández-Mogollón. "Tourist’s rational and emotional engagement across events: a multi-event integration view." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 33, no. 7 (June 9, 2021): 2371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-09-2020-1098.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the role of communication, structural and intangible elements on both tourists’ rational and emotional engagement across five different types of events (nature, gastronomy, religion, theatre and music). Design/methodology/approach Responses from 1,528 tourists were obtained through a face to face questionnaire in five heterogeneous events in the Spanish region of Extremadura, a well-known cultural tourism destination. Linear regressions were used to evaluate focal constructs’ contribution (emotional and rational engagement, formal and informal communication and structural and non-structural elements) on tourists’ engagement across events. Findings The results revealed that tourist’s rational and emotional engagement depends on the type of event. Non-structural elements seem to be important for rational and emotional engagement for gastronomic and cultural events. Besides the impact of structural elements on rational engagement, all other factors seem to have a mixed influence. Therefore, practitioners must select the factors to highlight according to the type of events, besides structural factors. Practical implications The current results allow tourism managers to understand the mechanisms for tourists’ engagement in a multi-event scenario to strategically select and use and communicate each type of appeal when planning and communicating events to specific target audiences. Originality/value Unlike most studies that focus on a single event or typology, this study combines a set of heterogeneous events to provide a complete picture of tourism engagement for the tourism sector.

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Brosnan, Kevin. "Justice and Education." Theory and Research in Education 1, no. 2 (July 2003): 245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477878503001002006.

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In asking whether a given view about education is justified, two distinct questions arise. The first asks whether a given educational program meets its intended end. The second asks whether a given end is an appropriate one for any such program to seek. Harry Brighouse has recently argued that children should be taught the skills and methods of rational inquiry. In this article, I argue that his instrumental justification is not compelling. Independently of this, the end that Brighouse charges schools with pursuing - providing children with equal opportunity to live well - is not, I argue, justified non-instrumentally. I argue that every non-instrumental justification must be given in terms of Rawlsian public reasons and that Brighouse's is not. After establishing this, I provide such a justification for my view, which is that schools should provide children with equal opportunities for developing an ability to revise rationally conceptions of the good, in part, by teaching the skills and methods of rational inquiry. In closing, I consider communitarian-based objections to both Brighouse's view and my own, concluding that none of them succeed.

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GILMER, PATRICK M. "LINK COBORDISM IN RATIONAL HOMOLOGY 3-SPHERES." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 02, no. 03 (September 1993): 285–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216593000179.

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We define the 2-signatures, 2-nullities and Arf invariants (when possible) for links which are null-homologous modulo two in a rational homology three-sphere. We define these invariants using the Goeritz form on non-oriented spanning surfaces. We develop their cobordism properties from this point of view. We give a good way to index these invariants. We also define d-signatures and d-nullities for links which are null-homologous modulo d in a rational homology sphere from the point of view of branched covers. We index d-signatures and d-nullities and develop their cobordism properties. Finally we define Arf invariants (when possible) in a general closed 3-manifold using spin structures.

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Barris, Jeremy. "Deep Disagreement and the Virtues of Argumentative and Epistemic Incapacity." Informal Logic 38, no. 3 (September 14, 2018): 369–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/il.v38i3.5040.

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Fogelin’s (1985) Wittgensteinian view of deep disagreement as allowing no rational resolution has been criticized from both argumentation theoretic and epistemological perspectives. These criticisms typically do not recognize how his point applies to the very argumentative resources on which they rely. Additionally, more extremely than Fogelin himself argues, the conditions of deep disagreement make each position literally unintelligible to the other, again disallowing rational resolution. In turn, however, this failure of sense is so extreme that it partly cancels its own meaning as a failure of sense. Consequently, it paradoxically opens new possibilities for sense and therefore rationally unexpected resolutions.

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Lambie, John A. "Emotion Experience, Rational Action, and Self-Knowledge." Emotion Review 1, no. 3 (June 10, 2009): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754073909103596.

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This article examines the role of emotion experience in both rational action and self-knowledge. A key distinction is made between emotion experiences of which we are unaware, and those of which we are aware. The former motivate action and color our view of the world, but they do not do so in a rational way, and their nonreflective nature obscures self-understanding. The article provides arguments and evidence to support the view that emotion experiences contribute to rational action only if one is appropriately aware of them (because only then does one have the capacity to inhibit one's emotional reactions). Furthermore, it is argued that awareness of emotion increases self-knowledge because it is a source of information about our biases.

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Konyndyk, Kenneth. "Evidentialist Agnosticism." Religious Studies 27, no. 3 (September 1991): 319–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412500021016.

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Three very different assessments of the rationality of theistic belief have emerged from Oxford University in recent years. Richard Swinburne argues that theism is rationally demonstrable, producing a trilogy and more of books building an evidential case for theism. The late John Mackie, on the other hand, argued persistently that theism is not supported by the evidence usually offered for it and is controverted by our best evidence. The most rational course of action, according to him, is to be an atheist. Anthony Kenny, meanwhile, takes an agnostic position, arguing on personal grounds (but ones presumably available to any rational person) that he neither has adequate reason to accept theism nor adequate reason to embrace atheism. Although he says this issue is one on which it is important to have a view and one on which he formerly held a view, he unhappily finds himself in the position of being agnostic.

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Davis, John B. "Mark Blaug on the historiography of economics." Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics 6, no. 3 (March 7, 2014): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.23941/ejpe.v6i3.150.

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This paper discusses how Mark Blaug reversed his thinking about the historiography of economics, abandoning 'rational' for 'historical' reconstruction, and using an economics of scientific knowledge argument against Paul Samuelson and others that rational reconstructions of past ideas and theories in the "marketplace of ideas" were Pareto inefficient. Blaug's positive argument for historical reconstruction was built on the concept of "lost content" and his rejection of the end-state view of competition in favor of a process view. He used these ideas to emphasize path dependency in the development of economic thinking, thereby advancing an evolutionary view of economics that has connections to a Lakatosian understanding of economic methodology. The paper argues that Blaug was essentially successful in criticizing the standard rational reconstructionist view of the history of economic thought in economics, and that this is borne out by the nature of the change in recent economics.

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Krstic, Milos. "Some problems of evolutionary epistemology: Hayek’s view on evolution of market." Filozofija i drustvo 23, no. 3 (2012): 333–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid1203333k.

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This paper aims to present Hayek?s view of cultural evolution as an important contribution to contemporary evolutionary epistemology. However, despite the importance of Hayek?s theory of cultural evolution, the tension between his concept of rational liberalism and evolutionary epistemology will be pointe out. This tension limits Hayek?s understanding of cultural evolution. Hayek?s conception of rational liberalism emphasizes the values of individual freedom and benefits of the market system. The term evolutionary epistemology includes the economic phenomena that occur without the participation of consciousness, on the one hand, and activities with the element of purposefulness and intelligibility, on the other.

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Halstead, Narmala. "Bringing into View." Journal of Legal Anthropology 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): v—x. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jla.2018.020101.

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A new colleague in a recent email communication about this journal posed the question of whether the term ‘legal’ was being put in opposition to ‘illegal’: was there an illegal anthropology? My response must be left in part to the views of other likely interlocutors as to what is or can be evoked when we seemingly endeavour to attach or subdivide anthropology in envisaged specialist areas. The acknowledged spaces to bring out understandings of the legal alongside and within anthropology, in general, through particular frames and representations turn our attention to a dialogical field of knowledge in relation to sociolegal phenomena. I further consider that legal anthropology is not simply, if it ever was, about a type of anthropology called legal, whether opposed to illegal or not, to give a nod to such asides. The wide scholarship eschews any isolated idea of legal in anthropology and incorporates analyses of everyday settings marked, for instance, by implicit and explicit systems of governance and how these are experienced. This also ranges from historical readings of customs and norms to accounts of contemporary rational-legal settings.

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O'Grady, William, Mark Asbridge, and Tom Abernathy. "Illegal tobacco sales to youth: A view from rational choice theory." Canadian Journal of Criminology 42, no. 1 (January 2000): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjcrim.42.1.1.

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Gautam, Chandler S., and Lekha Saha. "Fixed dose drug combinations (FDCs): rational or irrational: a view point." British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 65, no. 5 (May 2008): 795–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2007.03089.x.

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Bardone, Emanuele, and Davide Secchi. "Inquisitiveness: distributing rational thinking." Team Performance Management: An International Journal 23, no. 1/2 (March 14, 2017): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tpm-10-2015-0044.

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Purpose This study aims at redefining bounded rationality on the basis of a more socialized view of the individual. In doing so, it introduces “inquisitiveness” as a key disposition that some team members use to assemble and integrate knowledge when solving problems. Design/methodology/approach Using an agent-based computational simulation, this research models different simulated employees working together in “ad hoc” teams to solve problems. Findings Results show that inquisitiveness may work as an efficiency “driver” that, when present, economizes on the knowledge needed by team members to solve problems. In addition to that, results also show that environments with many problems are more suitable for inquisitive individuals to be effective. Originality/value Following the late Herbert Simon, the paper takes the stance that rationality should be redefined as a socially oriented process and introduces inquisitiveness as one – although probably not the only one – of the characteristics that help individuals and teams to make rational decisions.

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Benea-Popuşoi, Elina. "From Rational to Spiritual in the Economic Thought." Review of Economic and Business Studies 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rebs-2016-0010.

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AbstractThe paper examines the evolution in the patterns of human economic behavior across the history of economic thought. The author considers the development of the Homo Economicus concept in the view of the scarcity problem in economics and the Homo Socialis concept, with its extreme manifestation - Homo Sovieticus, attested in the former socialist countries of the world. In this context, the author examines the phenomenon of societal constraint on personality. Another prototype of economic behavior - Homo Informaticus and, its boundary manifestation - Homo Interneticus are discussed in the view of the informational constraint phenomenon. The author introduces the Homo Creativus ‘character’, whose behavior is characterized by the attempt to overcome the rational mind constraint. The paper considers the need to adopt the Homo Spiritualis paradigm within the frame of economic thought - a need already highlighted by notorious scholars. According to the writer the urge to develop this paradigm is implicitly determined by the spreading of the underground economy, the globalization and virtualization of the human activity, their impact on human personality. In her approach of the Homo Spiritualis concept the author supports the view that spirituality should not be confused with religion, although the two are related. In practical terms the issue of incorporating spirituality into economics and business courses is approached.

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Schlozman, Kay Lehman, Sidney Verba, and Henry E. Brady. "Participation's Not a Paradox: The View from American Activists." British Journal of Political Science 25, no. 1 (January 1995): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400007043.

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Political participation has long been a puzzle for political science analysis. The logic of collective action suggests that activity to achieve collective goals is irrational; yet citizens are active. In this article, we approach the subject from the point of view of political activists, using survey data to consider their own interpretations of why they took part. The data show that participants recall many gratifications from their activity and that the patterns differ substantially across modes of participation. These rewards tend to be ‘political’ in that activists cite both civic gratifications and the desire to achieve collective goals more frequently than would be expected on the basis of rational choice approaches. The variations among acts with respect to the nature of the retrospective interpretations of the rewards they provide – in conjunction with open-ended responses about the issues behind activity – lend credence to respondents' accounts. The results call into question the applicability of narrow rational choice approaches to political activity.

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Thorp, Thomas. "Paideia and Universalism." Dialogue and Universalism 8, no. 10 (1998): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du199881027.

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Jaeger's proposal in his 1933 work, Paideia, that classical Greece should be viewed as the origin and the sustaining source of Westem civilization is likely to be viewed today as, at best, quaint or, at worst, pemicious. But I argue that Jaeger's conception of paideia as acculturation or as the formation of character through culture is superior to current views of human development and education. At the same time, Jaeger accounts for the profundity of the classical Greek conception of education or acculturation by appealing to a relatively late Platonic notion of a universal standard or rational principle. I attempt to show that this late philosophical determination of paideia distorts an older Greek view of human culture, a view that might offer a model for a universalism that need not appeal to the idea of a self-grounding rational principle.

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de Marneffe, Peter. "CONTRACTUALISM, PERSONAL VALUES, AND WELL-BEING." Social Philosophy and Policy 30, no. 1-2 (January 2013): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052513000034.

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AbstractScanlon's distinction between well-being and other personal values cannot be made out clearly if well-being is understood, as it commonly is, to consist in whatever is intrinsically good for a person. Two other accounts of well-being, however, might be able to explain this distinction. One is a version of the rational care view proposed by Stephen Darwall; another is a rational sympathy view suggested by some of Brad Hooker's work.

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GERT, JOSHUA. "Perform a Justified Option." Utilitas 26, no. 2 (March 28, 2014): 206–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820814000077.

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In a number of recent publications, Douglas Portmore has defended consequentialism, largely on the basis of a maximizing view of practical rationality. I have criticized such maximizing views, arguing that we need to distinguish two independent dimensions of normative strength: justifying strength and requiring strength. I have also argued that this distinction helps to explain why we typically have so many rational options. Engaging with these arguments, Portmore has (a) developed his own novel maximization-friendly method of explaining the ubiquity of rational options, and (b) criticized one argument in favour of a substantive justifying/requiring distinction in the domain of practical rationality. The present article defends the justifying/requiring distinction, and criticizes Portmore's maximization-friendly strategy for explaining the ubiquity of rational options.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Rational view'

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