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1
Banoc, Dionesio. "Ratooning Response of Lowland Rice NSIC Rc352 (Oryza sativa L.) to Method of Nitrogen Application." Recoletos Multidisciplinary Research Journal 8, no. 2 (2020): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32871/rmrj2008.02.05.
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This study seeks to determine the effect of N fertilization method on ratoon lowland rice performance, to choose a fertilization method that provides high ratooned yield, and to assess its profitability adopting N fertilization method. The experiment lays out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and five N fertilization methods as treatments. Method of N application significantly affected the number of days to heading and maturity, plant height, leaf area index (LAI), number of productive tillers hill-1, panicle length and weight, number of filled and unfilled grains panicle-1. This method compensates cost of production of growing ratoon crop than those of the main crop. In fact, the highest profit (PhP25,564.80) was obtained in ratooned plants, which received 60 kg ha-1 N basal + 30 kg ha-1 N topdress application (T3) due to higher grain yield. Thereby, this is an appropriate option that provides high productivity and income for the ratoon growers.
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Adigbo, Sunday Ojo, Joy N. Odedina, Clement G. Afolabi, et al. "Response of lowland rice-ratooned rice-fluted pumpkin sequence to fertilizer in rainfed inland valley in derived savannah of Nigeria." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 109, no. 1 (2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2017.109.1.04.
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<p>Trial was carried out at Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria between 2010 and 2012 to determine response of lowland rice-ratooned rice-fluted pumpkin sequence to fertilizer. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design arranged in split-split plot in three replicates. Three rice genotypes constituted the main treatments sown in May and harvested in August. Split fertilizers application constituted sub-plot treatments were 90:45:45 (single dose), 45:22.5:22.5 &amp; 45:22.5:22.5 (1:1), 30:15:15 &amp; 60:30:30 (1:2) and 60:30:30 &amp; 30:15:15 (2:1) NPK ha<sup>-1</sup> at tillering and heading. N-fertilizer rates were sub-sub plot treatment and applied to ratooned ‘NERICA L-42’ had the tallest plants compare to others. ‘Ofada’ had the lowest number of days to 50 % flowering for main and ratooned rice, while ‘NERICA L-42’ had the highest number of days to 50 % heading. ‘NERICA L-41’ variety had the highest grain yield in main and ratooned rice. Based on this study, ‘NERICA L-41’ plus its ratooned rice obtained from single dose NPK and zero N-fertilizer plots produced grain yield of 4.69 t ha<sup>-1</sup>.</p>
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Pattnaik, Snigdha Sameer, Byomkesh Dash, Sudhansu Sekhar Bhuyan, et al. "Anther Culture Efficiency in Quality Hybrid Rice: A Comparison between Hybrid Rice and Its Ratooned Plants." Plants 9, no. 10 (2020): 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9101306.
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An immense increase in human population along with diminished lands necessitates the increase of rice production since, it serves the human population as a staple food. Though rice hybrids (RH) are showing considerable yield enhancement over inbreds in terms of both quality and quantity, farmers’ adoption of hybrid rice technology has been much slower than expected because of several constraints such as seed cost and quality. Doubled haploid (DH) technology was considered useful for the development of inbred lines from rice hybrids in a single generation. Androgenesis shows its significance in development of DHs in rice which requires an efficient method to establish the production of large population. To start the anther culture, anthers are the main component of androgenesis to be isolated from unopened spikes. However, the duration of spikes availability for anther culture coupled with the segregation of rice hybrids in the next generation requires the main crop be ratooned to reduce the cost of cultivation. Therefore, the efficiency of the androgenic method was tested in main crop using a quality indica rice hybrid, 27P63 and its ratooned ones. The effects of various factors such as cold temperature pre-treatment of boots, treatment duration, and different combination of plant growth regulators (PGR) on callus response along with shoot regeneration were tested for development of DHs from both ratooned and non-ratooned plants. The N6 medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D (2,4-dichlrophenoxy acetic acid), 0.5 mg/L BAP (6-benzylamino purine), and 30 g/L maltose was found to be most effective for callusing as compared to MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium. The N6 media inducted calli showed maximum response rate for green shoot regeneration in MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA (1-napthaleneacetic acid), 0.5 mg/L Kn (Kinetin; 6-furfurylaminopurine), 1.5 mg/L BAP and 30 g/L sucrose after 2 weeks of culture. The pre-treatment of spikes at 10 °C for 2 d followed by a 7th and 8th d were found to be most effective for callusing as well as for regeneration, producing a total of 343 green plants from ratooned and main rice hybrid, 27P63. Morpho-agronomic trait-based assessment of ploidy status revealed 94.46% diploids, 3.49% polyploids, 0.58% mixploids, and 1.45% haploids. Microsatellite markers could authenticate all 324 fertile diploids as true DHs. Though this study shows a reduction in generation of DHs from ratooned plants as compared to the main crop, manipulation of chemical factors could optimize the method to enhance the production of considerable number of DHs. Utilization of ratooned of hybrid rice in androgenesis would save time and cost of cultivation.
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ADIGBO, S. O., M. O. OLOJEDE, P. J. C. HARRIS, and O. AJAYI. "RATOONED LOWLAND NERICA RICE VARIETIES AS AN OPTION FOR TRIPLE CROPPING IN INLAND VALLEYS OF DERIVED SAVANNAH IN NIGERIA." Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 4 (2012): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479712000452.
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SUMMARYAlthough triple cropping in inland valleys of Nigeria is technically feasible, the third crop between the main crop and dry season non-rice crop has been considered not to be economically viable because of poor crop establishment due to soil inundation. The identification of an appropriate technology with low input, such as ratooning, would allow this niche to be utilized. Field experiments were conducted at the University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria in 2007–2008 and 2008–2009 cropping seasons to evaluate the performance of the main and ratooned crops of lowland NERICA (New Rice for Africa) rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties in a lowland rice–ratooned rice–fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) sequence. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The lowland rice varieties used were NERICA-L 19, NERICA-L 20, NERICA-L 22, NERICA-L 24, OFADA, NERICA-L 26, NERICA-L 41, NERICA-L 42, NERICA-L 44 and NERICA-L 47. The grain yield of the main rice crop ranged from 5.0 to 7.3 t ha−1 in 2007–2008 cropping season and from 4.1 to 9.1 t ha−1 in 2008–2009. The ratooned rice had a grain yield of 1.0–4.7 t ha−1 in 2007–2008 and 1.2–3.4 t ha−1 in 2008–2009. The total grain yield obtained in 2007–2008 from the main and ratooned rice crops in seven months was 6.7–11.6 t ha−1, while in 2008–2009 it was 5.3–2.6 t ha−1. The fresh leaf yield of fluted pumpkin ranged from 14.6 to 16.9 t ha−1 in 2007–2008 and from 18.3 to 19.8 t ha−1 in 2008–2009, similar to previously reported rainy season unfertilized yields. Thus, a ratooned rice crop appears to be a feasible technology capable of boosting rice production and consequently increasing the overall productivity of the inland valley in a rice–rice–vegetable cropping sequence.
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Budiarti, Lina, Siti Herlinda, Suwandi Suwandi, and Khodijah Khodijah. "Main and Ratooned Rice Pest Populations in Lowland Rice Fields, South Sumatra Applied Bioinsecticide from Entomopathogens." Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands 11, no. 1 (2022): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jlso.11.1.2022.550.
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The pests that attack each plant phase also varies. The aimed of this study was to compare the main population of rice insect pests and ratooned in lowland rice field in the vegetative, flowering and milk ripening phase. The main bioinsecticide rice sprayed on rice canopy were comes from the entomopathogenic fungal conidia Metarhizium anisopliae, the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, and as a control area without the application of bioinsecticide or synthetic insecticide. The results showed that population of fake white pests (Cnaphalocrosis medinalis) and white leafhoppers pest (Covana spectra) were more prevalent in vegetative phase rice compared to other types of pests such as green leafhoppers (Nephotettix spp.), Brown leafhoppers (Nilaparvata lugens), zig zag leafhoppers. (Recillia dorsalis), white-back leafhoppers (Sogatella furcifera), grasshoppers, mole cricket (Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa), and yellow rice stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas). The Leptocorisa acuta and green ladybugs (Nezara viridula) began to attack the flowering and milk ripening phase, which was when the rice was aged about 54-68 days after transplanting (dat). Whereas in ratooned rice, the pest population of L. acuta has appeared on the first observation on rice aged 9 days after harvest (dah) until the ratooned rice was aged 58 days after harvesting. The population of pests was higher in land without bioinsecticide application compared to land applied of bioinsecticides. In ratooned rice, the pest population between the land applied with bioinsecticide M. anisopliae and B. thuringiensis was not significantly different from the land applied by B. thuringiensis which was sold in the market.
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E, SOMASUNDARAM, SRINIVASAN G, and MANOHARAN ML. "EFFECT OF GREEN MANURING Sesbania rostrata AND FERTILIZERS APPLICATION ON CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL AND GRAIN YIELD IN RICE- RICE CROP SEQUENCES." Madras Agricultural Journal 83, December (1996): 758–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01102.
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A field experiment was carried out during kuriai (June September) (South West Monsoon) and thaladi (October - January) (North East Monsoon) seasons of 1990-91 to evaluate the effectiveness of Sesbania rostrata grown as intercrop and ratoon in transplanted rice-rice sequence. Direct and residual effects of S.rostrata on rice yield and chemical properties of soil were studied. Grain and straw yields of rice were increased significantly due to green manuring. Fertilizer nitrogen could be saved upto 50 per cent through green manuring. Soil chemical properties viz., organic carbon content, available N and K were increased significantly with green manure incorporations, particularly in ratooned ones, as compared to no green manuring. Green manuring combined with 50 kg N/ha was found to be better than pure stand of rice with 100 kg N/ha.
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Vuyyuru, Sandhu, McCray, and Erickson. "Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Seed Piece Applied Fungicides on Establishment, Tiller Dynamics, and Sucrose Yields in Successively Planted Sugarcane." Agronomy 9, no. 7 (2019): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9070387.
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Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) successive planting causes 25–30% yield reduction in comparison to fallow or rice rotation planting in a three-year production cycle on Florida Histosols. Field experiments were established to manage the yield losses associated with successive planting through nitrogen fertilization and seed piece application of fungicides in plant and first ratoon crops each at two sites. Nitrogen fertilization treatments included 0 (N0), 50 (N50), and 100 (N100) kg ha−1 applied in furrows at the time of planting, and one split application (N50+50) with 50 kg ha−1 applied at planting and 50 kg ha−1 applied at 90 days after planting as side-dress. Fungicides treatments were mancozeb at 2.5 kg a.i. (active ingredient) ha−1, mefenoxam at 0.57 kg a.i. ha−1, and azoxystrobin at 0.30 kg a.i. ha−1 applied to seed cane pieces laid in the furrows at planting. Nitrogen fertilization showed increasing trends of the tiller and millable stalks production in plant and ratoon crops. N response varied with the time of ratooning. Overall, N50+50 produced greater tons of cane per hectare (TCH) and tons of sucrose per hectare (TSH) compared to other N treatments in plant crop and late season ratoon crop (ratooned in March). N100 treatment enhanced tillering and TCH in December ratooned crop. In 2016 plant crop, mefenoxam produced higher TCH than others, but no carryover effects were observed in ratoon crops. Both nitrogen fertilization and fungicides seem to be promising cultural practices to minimize yield losses in successive sugarcane planting in Histosols.
8
Guzmán, Marcela, and Francisco Javier Zapata Arias. "Increasing anther culture efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using anthers from ratooned plants." Plant Science 151, no. 2 (2000): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9452(99)00204-6.
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Shin, Jong-Hee, Chae-Min Han, Young-Un Song, Sang-Kuk Kim, and Jung-Gi Ryu. "Comparison of the Physicochemical and Structural Properties of Grain Starch from the Main and Ratooned Rice." Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture 35, no. 4 (2023): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12719/ksia.2023.35.4.235.
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Syahrullah, Syahrullah, Aprilia Triasni, and Tenri Sau. "Rice Ratoon Physiology: Effectiveness of Application N P K and Dolomite on Lowland Paddy." Jurnal Pertanian Tropik 8, no. 2 (2021): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpt.v8i2.6548.
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The yield of ratoon rice technology has the potential to match the production of the main crop or the yield of the first crop. As a result of continuous chemical fertilization, the paddy soil becomes acidic. This study aims to obtain information on the effectiveness of neutralizing soil pH and fertilizing nutrients N, P, and K in increasing the yield of ratoon rice. The design used was a randomized block design with one factor, namely fertilization, there were 7 types of fertilization treatment for rice plants, namely N (p1), P (p2), K (p3), N + Neutral (p1 Neutral), P + Neutral (Rice Ratoon Physiology: Effectiveness of application N P K and Dolomite On Lowland paddy Neutral), K + Neutral (p3 Neutral) and NPK + Neutral (P4). Observations were made on the growth and production characteristics of the main and ratoon plants as well as on ratoon roots. The results showed that the application of nutrients to the soil with a neutral pH had a significant effect on the growth and production of the main rice plants and ratoons. This study proves that neutralizing soil pH plays an important role in the effectiveness of fertilizing N, P, and K nutrients that are ready to be absorbed by ratoon rice plants.
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Oda, Masato, Thao Huynh Van, and Chiem Nguyen Huu. "Timing of harvesting reverses the effect of cutting twice with ratoon rice." F1000Research 9 (February 4, 2021): 1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.27280.2.
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A new ratoon rice cropping method known as the SALIBU system, which uses the lower nodes of the stubble, is gradually spreading throughout the tropical regions. In the technology package, ‘cutting twice’ has a large effect on the number of ratoons (tillers), and interestingly, the effect changed from positive to negative with changes in the management conditions used to cultivate rice. A previous study investigated conditions including fertilizing, water management, and growth stage at harvesting; however, which of these conditions has the greatest effect on the effect of ‘cutting twice’ remains unclear. We performed a pot experiment to clarify which of the level of fertilizer or the delay of harvesting time affects the number of ratoons. The results showed that with a short delay in harvesting there were almost no ratoons, a long delay in harvesting resulted in many ratoons. By contrast, the single cutting results in ratoons. This indicates the negative effect of cutting twice occur due to earlier harvesting. However, adding fertilizer results in more ratoons, and the response to delayed harvesting showed a similar tendency; in short, no reverse effect occurred due to the level of fertilizer. Harvesting earlier (at the physiological maturation stage; 25% green husk) than normal is emphasized in the SALIBU technology package. However, our results show the ‘cutting twice’ has a negative effect on the number of ratoons when harvesting early.
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Oda, Masato, Thao Huynh Van, and Chiem Nguyen Huu. "Timing of harvesting reverses the effect of twice cutting with ratoon rice." F1000Research 9 (December 4, 2020): 1400. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.27280.1.
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A new ratoon rice cropping method known as the SALIBU system, which uses the lower nodes of the stubble, is gradually spreading throughout the tropical regions. In the technology package, ‘cutting twice’ has a large effect on the number of ratoons (tillers), and interestingly, the effect changed from positive to negative with changes in the management conditions used to cultivate rice. A previous study investigated conditions including fertilizing, water management, and growth stage at harvesting; however, which of these conditions has the greatest effect on the effect of ‘cutting twice’ remains unclear. We performed a pot experiment to clarify which of the level of fertilizer or the delay of harvesting time affects the number of ratoons. The results showed that with a short delay in harvesting there were almost no ratoons, a long delay in harvesting resulted in many ratoons. By contrast, the single cutting results in ratoons. This indicates the negative effect of cutting twice occur due to earlier harvesting. However, adding fertilizer results in more ratoons, and the response to delayed harvesting showed a similar tendency; in short, no reverse effect occurred due to the level of fertilizer. Harvesting earlier (at the physiological maturation stage; 25% green husk) than normal is emphasized in the SALIBU technology package. However, our results show the ‘cutting twice’ has a negative effect on the number of ratoons when harvesting early.
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Novita, Novita Restiani, RR Siti Astuti, and Suharno Suharno. "THE EFFECT OF MYOPIC DERIVATIVES OF ESTABLISHED HYBRID RICE SEEDS P 05 AND CEMETI INBRED RICE SEEDS AT VARIOUS PLANTING DISTANCES ON PLANT PHENOTYPE." JURNAL AGRIMENT 7, no. 2 (2022): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51967/jurnalagriment.v7i2.1363.
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This study aims to determine the effect of ratoon derivatives of hybrid rice seeds (Mapan P-05) and Inbred rice seeds (Cemeti) at various spacings on the diversity of plant phenotypes. This research was carried out in Sumberharjo Prambanan Village, Sleman Yogyakarta. The method used was a factorial complete randomized block design with three replications, the first factor being the established variety P-05 (V1) the cemeti variety (V2), the second factor being the spacing between 20x20 cm, 25x25. cm, 30x30 cm. Parameters observed included plant height, number of productive tillers, panicle length, weight of dry grain harvested/clump, weight of dry grain stored per clump, weight of dry grain harvested/plot, weight of stored dry grain per plot, weight of 1000 grains of grain. Data analysis using ANOVA if it has a significant effect, then it is followed by a significant difference test (DMRT) with a level of 5%. The results showed that the treatment of varietal-derived ratoons had a significant effect on phenotypic diversity. Spacing treatment had no significant effect on phenotype diversity. The combination of varietal treatment and plant spacing had no significant effect on phenotype diversity, varietal treatment with plant spacing factor had no significant interaction with the combination of ratoon ratoon ratoon hybrid seed with a spacing of 30x30 cm.
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Fanji, Irfanji, Suharno Suharno, and RR Siti Astuti. "Test Of Hundreds Established Hybrid Rice Seed Derivatives P-05 And Quantity Of Cemeti Inbrid Rice Derivatives On Product Quality And Quantity." JURNAL AGRIMENT 7, no. 2 (2022): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51967/jurnalagriment.v7i2.1386.
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This study aims to determine the combination of treatment of ratoon derived from F1 rice seeds (Hybrid) of Mapan P-05 and ratoon derived from rice seeds (Inbred) whip with various spacings on the quality and quantity of which yield is the best and to know the interaction factors of ratoon derived from Mapan hybrid rice seeds. P-05 and whip inbred rice were the best in terms of yield quality and quantity. Held from December 2021 to June 2022. And planting of ratoons was carried out on November 14, 2021-March 31, 2022. This research was carried out in Sumberharjo Village, Prambanan District, Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study used a Completely Randomized Block Design (RAKL) factorial. The first factor is ratoon rice with two varieties and the second factor is the treatment of various spacings of 20x20;25x25;30x30 cm. Data analysis used ANOVA with a level of 5% and 1%, if it had a significant effect, it was followed by a significant difference test (DMRT) with a level of 5%. The results showed that the hybrid variety treatment always showed higher yield quality and quantity than the whip inbred with spacing treatment. 20x20 cm and followed by a spacing of 25x25 cm and 30x30 cm from the Inbred cemeti variety. The combination of hybrid varieties treatment with 20x20 cm spacing gave the heaviest results on the average weight of dry grain harvested per plot, weight of dry grain storage per plot, weight of 1000 grains of grain, weight of dry grain harvested.
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Shiraki, Shutaro, Thin Mar Cho, Khin Mar Htay, and Kazumi Yamaoka. "Effects of the Double-Cutting Method for Ratooning Rice in the SALIBU System under Different Soil Moisture Conditions on Grain Yield and Regeneration Rate." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (2020): 1621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111621.
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In West Sumatra, Indonesia, a high-yield perennial rice cropping method called SALIBU was recently reported, in which the most unique feature is double cutting (DC) at harvest and after harvest. The objective of this study was to verify the ratooning rice yield under the SALIBU system in Myanmar. Two cultivation trials consisting of two cutting and three moisture treatments were conducted in 2019 and 2020. We concluded that double cutting had no positive effect on grain yield and regeneration rate compared with single cutting (SC). For the cutting regime, significant results were detected in the ratoon crops on yield components, but all of these were negative effects of DC, and were statistically lower than those of SC. On the other hand, a significant positive effect of moisture regime on grain yield in all ratoons was observed. The grain yield of the dry regime was significantly increased by 69% compared with that of the saturated regime. Soil oxidation conditions during the initial growth period of ratoons could contribute to the improved yield performance of the ratoons.
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Sinaga, Parlin H., Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas, Didy Sopandie, and Hajrial Aswidinnoor. "Daya Hasil dan Stabilitas Ratun Galur Padi pada Lahan Pasang Surut." Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan 34, no. 2 (2015): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jpptp.v34n2.2015.p97-104.
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<p>The study was aimed to determine the productivity and yield stability of ratoon rice genotypes in three environments and to obtain rice genotypes suistable for ratoonning on specific environment of tidal land. The experiment was designed in a randomized complete block with three replicates. Seedling was planted at 21 days old with spacing of 20 x 20 cm, one seedling per hill. Plants were harvested 30 days after heading by cutting at a height of 10 cm from the soil surface. One day after harvest, the land was irrigated as high as 3 cm and fertilized with Urea 50 kg/ha, TSP 30 kg/ha, and KCl 25 kg/ha. Yield stability was analyzed according to Eberhart and Russel (1966). Ratoons were sensitive to the environmental changes. Genotype IPB97-F-13-1-1, IPB 4S, and IPB 3S produced the main crop + ratoon grain yield of 5.26 t/ha, 5.14 t/ha, and 5.64 t/ha dry milling grain (DMG), respectively. Based on yield of the main crop + ratoon, IPB97-F-13-1-1 and IPB 4S was each considered as adaptable to the suboptimum condition (bi&lt;1). Ratoon crop yield of genotype IPB97-F-13-1-1, IPB 4S, and IPB 3S each was the highest in three locations. The ratoon crop contribution to the rice production was from 31.3% to 61.9% to the main crop.</p>
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Basavaraju, B., B. V. Jayakumar, and M. Mahadevappa. "Ratoon Crop Performance of Three Rices." International Rice Research Newsletter 11, no. 1 (1986): 27. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7100080.
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This article 'Ratoon Crop Performance of Three Rices' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Sahoo, S., and D. Lenka. "Managing Rice Ratoons." International Rice Research Newsletter 17, no. 1 (1992): 21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7218656.
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This article 'Managing Rice Ratoons' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Wu, Wenge, Zhong Li, Min Xi, et al. "Ratoon Rice System of Production: A Rapid Growth Pattern of Multiple Cropping in China: A Review." Plants 12, no. 19 (2023): 3446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12193446.
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In this review, the significance of ratoon rice was introduced, and the research status and development trends of ratoon rice were also summarized. It is pointed out that mechanically harvested ratoon rice is the developing direction of future ratoon rice. On this basis, we analyzed the relationship between the yield of ratoon rice and many factors, such as variety characteristics, sowing date, water control, fertilizer, and many others. It is important to construct a comprehensive and practical evaluation system for rice regeneration that can provide a basis for high-yield cultivation of machine-harvested ratoon rice. At the same time, it is suggested that combining high-yield cultivation with the green ecological efficiency of rice can achieve better production and improve the quality of rice. Finally, some problems with ratoon rice development were put forward. An in-depth study on the rhizosphere biology and regulation techniques of ratoon rice and the effective ecological compensation mechanism increased the capacity and quality of ratoon rice. Further, the functioning of such research can enhance the planting area for ratoon rice and improve food security.
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Xu, Fuxian, Dingbing Wang, Xingbing Zhou, et al. "Integrating Nitrogen, Water, and Other Management Practices to Improve Grain and Ratoon Forage Yields in Perennial Rice." Plants 13, no. 22 (2024): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13223157.
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Perennial rice has recently garnered global attention due to its potential to save on seeds and labor costs and its high production efficiency. The “mid-season rice–ratoon forage” mode is a new planting system that has emerged in recent years. However, detailed information is still lacking on the regenerative characteristics, grain and ratoon forage yields, and forage nutrient content of perennial rice under different planting densities, nitrogen (N) rates, stubble heights, and water management practices. Four experiments with perennial rice were conducted in Sichuan Province, Southwest China, from 2017 to 2022. The results show that the rice grain and ratoon forage yields were significantly affected by year, planting density, and N. The grain yield was 28.18% and 60.81% lower in 2018F and 2019F, respectively, than in 2017F; similarly, the ratoon forage yield was 29.01% and 52.74% lower in 2018S and 2019S, respectively, than in 2017S. The low grain yield was mainly associated with lower numbers of spikelets per panicle and panicles per m2, which resulted from a lower regrowth rate, and the low ratoon forage yield was mainly attributed to the lower regrowth rate. The rice grain and ratoon forage yields increased with an increase in the N rate and planting density. The ratoon forage was found to be rich in crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients. Moreover, the content of these nutrients increased significantly with an increase in the N rate. The regrowth rate and maximum tillers showed trends of first increasing and then decreasing with an increase in the stubble height under dry and wet alternation irrigation during the winter season. When the relative soil moisture decreased to below 80% during the winter season, the regrowth rate and seedling development index could reach more than 99% and 84%, respectively. Our results suggest that integrating N, water, and other management practices (including the combination of a 150 kg ha−1 N rate, 18.0 hills per m2, 10–20 cm rice stubble height, and alternating dry and wet irrigation during the winter season) is a feasible approach for achieving high grain and ratoon forage yields in perennial rice systems.
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Li, Shengchun, Yilin Zhang, Lihao Guo, and Xiaofang Li. "Impact of Tillage and Straw Treatment Methods on Rice Growth and Yields in a Rice–Ratoon Rice Cropping System." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (2022): 9290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159290.
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The rice–ratoon rice cropping system has the advantages of saving labor and imparting economic benefits. Optimizing tillage and straw management is beneficial for improving ratoon rice growth and yield. In this study, field experiments were conducted to examine the effects of four tillage and straw managements on the growth and yield of a rice–ratoon rice cropping system in central China in 2020 to 2021. The managements included no-till with main-season and ratoon-season rice residues retained on the soil’s surface (NT+S), plow tillage with residue retention (CT+S), no-till with residues removed (NT-S), and plow tillage with residues removed (CT-S). Compared to NT, CT significantly increased yield by 33.70% and 29.12% in the main and ratoon seasons, respectively. Compared to straw removal, straw returning significantly increased yield by 13.37% and 27.29% in the main and ratoon seasons, respectively. In general, both CT and straw returning improved root function (root activity and root dry weight) and photosynthetic capacity (leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate, and leaf chlorophyll content). CT combined with straw returning was able to achieve the highest annual rice yield.
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Yang, Tingyu, Haiwei Zhang, Fukang Li, et al. "Optimized Tillage Method Increased Rice Yield in Rice Ratooning System." Agriculture 14, no. 10 (2024): 1768. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14101768.
Full textAbstract:
Ratoon rice occupies an important position in rice production owing to its time-saving, labor-saving and low-pollution planting, and increased benefits. However, the impact of tillage management on the yield in rice ratooning system has not yet been reported. Thus, field experiments were carried out to investigate the impact of seven tillage methods on the yield of ratoon rice crop in Jingzhou City in 2021–2022. The managements included winter plowing + rotary 2 times (PTw + RT2) or 3 times (PTw + RT3), spring plowing + rotary 2 times (PTs + RT2) or 3 times (PTs + RT3), no plowing + rotary 2 times (P0 + RT2) or 3 times (P0 + RT3) and no tillage (NT). PTw + RT3 had the highest total rice yield. The experimental data were collected in 2021 and 2022. In terms of main season rice yield, the order of ranking was PTw > PTs ≈ NT ≈ P0, while for ratoon rice yield, the ranking was NT > PTw ≈ PTs > P0. Generally, the root function ranked as PTw > PTs > P0 > NT. The photosynthetic capacity of the main season rice always maximized in PTw, those of the ratoon rice all maximized in NT, and those of both the main season rice and ratoon rice always minimized in P0. In the three tillage modes (PTw, PTs, P0), an additional rotary tillage did not affect the growth or yield of rice. PTw + 3RT was the highest yielding tillage management, but it is still necessary to explore other PTw + 3RT methods and more economical tillage management to increase the yield of ratoon rice.
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Neogi, MG, MAH Miah, JC Biswas, AKMS Uddin, and MM Rashid. "Established Rice Ratoon for Improving Cropping Intensity and Income." Annals of Bangladesh Agriculture 25, no. 1 (2022): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/aba.v25i1.58153.
Full textAbstract:
Transplanted aman rice suffers from frequent flash flood damage in northern Bangladesh and thus grain yield decreases. An experiment was conducted at the RDRS Farm, Rangpur, Bangladesh to evaluate production opportunity and income generation from growing ratoon rice in between boro and aman seasons during May to July in fallow land as additional harvests. Ratoon seedlings of ACI-2 boro hybrid rice was transplanted and tested against the performance of conventional transplanted BR11 and BRRI dhan46. BR11 gave higher grain yield and profit than ratoon cropping. However, ratoon crop required only 75-80 days for maturity. Thus, it would be possible to incorporate rice ratoon cropping in fallow lands immediately after harvest of boro rice in April- May as additional crop. After harvests of the ratoon rice, farmers can grow traditional aman varieties as conventional practice. If ratoon of ACI-2 (hereafter ratoon rice)-BRRI dhan46 cropping system is practiced then total grain yield from the system was 8.42 t ha-1, which was almost double than conventional BR11 or BRRI dhan46 cultivation. Total net income of boro and ratoon rice-BRRI dhan46 system was also higher (Tk 55,090 ha-1) compared to traditional BR11 aman rice cultivation (Tk 35,802 ha-1). The overall result indicated that just immediate after boro rice harvests, growing rice from ratoon seedlings of ACI-2 followed by BRRI dhan46 in aman season provided higher net profit than traditional cultivation of BR11. The result also implies that growing rice by using ratoon seedlings can ensure three harvests (boro rice-ratoon rice-aman rice) in the same year instead of growing two traditional rice (boro rice-aman rice) crops in a year with additional net profit of Tk 19,288 ha-1 year-1. Moreover, use of rice ratoon seedlings might help farmers in intensification of crop in flash flood prone areas of the country. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2021) 25 (1) : 33-41
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Alekhya, Gunturi, Gundreddy Rajareddy, Sibananda Darjee, A. Anil Kumar, and Anil Kumar ST. "Rice Ratooning: A Revolutionary Approach for Resource-efficient and Sustainable Practice for Promising Future of Rice." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 14, no. 9 (2024): 424–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i94426.
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Ratoon rice, a unique method of cultivating a second crop from primary harvested stubble, is gaining recognition for its potential to revolutionize rice production sustainability and resource efficiency. This comprehensive study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ratoon rice cropping systems compared to traditional methods, focusing on grain yield, quality, economics, and overall sustainability. To achieve better yields in ratoon crops, it is crucial to adopt suitable management practices for both the main crop and the ratoon crop. These practices encompass land preparation, use of suitable cultivars, water management, precise fertilizer application, appropriate cutting stubble height, and effective control of insects and diseases. Results unveiled that with proper management, ratoon rice yields were on par with approximately 60% of the main crop while utilizing only 50% of the labor and resources. The ratoon rice system demonstrated multiple benefits, including farmer profitability, improved crop quality, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Despite its promising potential, the widespread adoption of ratoon rice faced limitations such as inconsistent and lower ratoon crop yields, and the lack of suitable cultivars and specialized rice mechanical harvesters. Addressing these challenges, critical agronomic practices were identified, encompassing nutrient and water management, stubble cutting height, variety selection, and integrated technologies for disease and insect control. Ratoon rice is crucial for promoting widespread adoption and securing ratoon rice as a viable solution for the future of rice cultivation.
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Yang, Wenju, Xu Mo, Yiming Zhang, et al. "Appropriate Stubble Height Can Effectively Improve the Rice Quality of Ratoon Rice." Foods 13, no. 9 (2024): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13091392.
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Ratoon rice, the cultivation of a second crop from the stubble after the main harvest, is recognized as an eco-friendly and resource-saving method for rice production. Here, a field experiment was carried out in the Yangtze River region to investigate the impact of varying stubble heights on the grain quality of ratoon rice, as well as to compare the grain quality between the main and ratoon season. This study, which focused on 12 commonly cultivated rice varieties, conducted a comprehensive analysis assessing milling characteristics, appearance, and cooking quality. The results show that ratoon rice crops exhibited a higher milled rice rate and head rice rate compared to the main rice crops. Conversely, chalky rice percentage, chalkiness degree, and amylose content were lower in ratoon rice crops. Principal component analysis grouped eight relevant quality indicators of rice quality which were concentrated into three categories, with amylose content identified as the key indicator of rice quality for distinguishing between different stubble heights. Random forest results reveal a robust and significant correlation between appearance quality index and amylose content. Subordinate function analysis indicated that a stubble height of 30 cm resulted in optimal rice quality, with Lingliangyou 211 exhibiting the highest quality and Xiangzao Xian 32 the lowest. Overall, our study suggests that ratoon rice crops generally outperform main rice crops in terms of quality, with the optimal measurement at a stubble height of 30 cm. This study holds substantial importance for selecting appropriate stubble heights for ratoon rice crops and enhancing overall rice quality.
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Rao, P. K. A., and G. Shivashankar. "Ratoon Regeneration in Rices and Their Single-Cross Hybrids After Three Cuttings." International Rice Research Newsletter 11, no. 2 (1986): 17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7121630.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Ratoon Regeneration in Rices and Their Single-Cross Hybrids After Three Cuttings' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Singh, B. N., S. P. Sahu, S. S. Pandey, and J. S. Chauhan. "Possibility of a Ratoon Crop From Photoperiod-Insensitive Summer Rices in Calcareous Sodic Soils of North Bihar, India." International Rice Research Newsletter 12, no. 6 (1987): 8–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7128201.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Possibility of a Ratoon Crop From Photoperiod-Insensitive Summer Rices in Calcareous Sodic Soils of North Bihar, India' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Srinivasan, K., and S. Purushothaman. "Effect of N Application Timing on Ratoon Rice." International Rice Research Newsletter 14, no. 6 (1989): 16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7155974.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Effect of N Application Timing on Ratoon Rice' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Liu, Bin, Shen Yuan, and Shaobing Peng. "A Synthesis Analysis of the Relationship between Main and Ratoon Crop Grain Yields in Ratoon Rice." Agronomy 14, no. 9 (2024): 2170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092170.
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Ratoon rice represents a viable means to enhance rice production efficiency in terms of both area and time. Nonetheless, the development of specific varieties tailored for ratoon rice has been hindered by the complexity of trait considerations required during breeding/screening processes. A pivotal step towards advancing ratoon rice breeding programs involves reducing the dimensionality of selection traits. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis exploring whether the yield of the main crop could serve as a predictor for ratoon crop yield, thereby simplifying the selection process. Our findings revealed significant variability in the rice yields of both main and ratoon crops, with the ratoon crop yield averaging 51% of the main crop. Importantly, the correlation between grain yields of the main and ratoon crops did not deviate from the identity line, substantiating the feasibility of predicting ratoon crop yield based on the main crop yield. The number of panicles in the ratoon crops was found to be closely linked to that of the main crop; however, the size values of the panicles in the ratoon crops exhibited less of a dependency on the main crop’s panicle size. Additionally, a general decrease in grain weight was observed in the ratoon crops compared to the main crop. In summary, this study elucidates a pathway for the simplification of selection traits, thereby enhancing the efficiency of breeding high-yielding ratoon rice varieties, with the ultimate aim of fostering the sustainable development of ratoon rice.
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Shen, Xue, Quanyu Yang, Ting Qiu, and Rongjun Ao. "Off-Farm Employment, Outsourced Machinery Services, and Farmers’ Ratoon Rice Production Behavior: Evidence from Rice Farmers in Central China." Agriculture 13, no. 10 (2023): 1881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13101881.
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Promoting ratoon rice is a critical measure for ensuring food security in China. Understanding the mechanism underlying farmers’ decision-making involving ratoon rice production may contribute to the design and implementation of extension policies. This study examined the impact of off-farm employment and outsourced machinery services on farmers’ ratoon rice production behavior. We used a representative household survey of 1752 rice farmers in Hubei province in central China and a multinomial endogenous treatment effect model to address potential self-selection biases from both observable and unobservable factors. Our estimates suggest that the probability of ratoon rice production decreases by 17.2% for farmers with off-farm employment, while the probability of ratoon rice production increases by 78.9% and 57% for farmers with outsourced machinery services and those with simultaneous off-farm employment and outsourced machinery services, respectively. Moreover, we found that outsourced machinery services can mitigate the negative impact of agricultural labor aging and feminization on ratoon rice production to some extent. Outsourced machinery services have regional heterogeneity effects as farmers in non-plain areas are more likely to engage in ratoon rice production.
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K, SRINIVASAN, and PURUSHOTHAMAN S. "RATOONNG ABILIOTY OF MEDIUM DURATION RICE VARIETIES." Madras Agricultural Journal 80, October (1993): 552–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01695.
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In the ratoon crop, Bhavani out yielded Ponni regarding the growth, yield attributes and yield. Bhavani ratoon crop produced 2752 kg/ha grain yield which accounted for 50.2% of the maincrop grain yield. Different spacings had no significant influence on the ratoon yield.
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Yuan, Shuai, Yanfang Jiang, Pingping Chen, Naimei Tu, Wenxin Zhou, and Zhenxie Yi. "Effects of Cultivar Type and Node Position on Cadmium Accumulation Characteristics of Ratoon Rice." Agronomy 14, no. 7 (2024): 1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14071401.
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The ratoon rice planting area is gradually expanding, and decreasing Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in ratoon rice is important for food safety and human health. In this study, conventional indica rice (HHZ, Huanghuazhan), three-line indica–japonica hybrid rice (YY-4149, Yongyou 4149), and two-line indica hybrid rice (LY-121, Liangyou 121) were compared regarding ratoon rice yield and Cd uptake, transport, and accumulation. The distribution of Cd at different nodes in the ratoon crop was also examined. The rank-order of the Cd contents in each part (root, stem, leaf, stubble, and spike) of the main and ratoon crops of the tested cultivars was HHZ > LY-121 > YY-4149. The rank-order of the Cd content in each plant part at different nodes in the ratoon crop was HHZ > LY-121 > YY-4149. The Cd content in each plant part increased as the node position (i.e., according to the germination position of regenerated seedlings, the nodes are divided into the second, third, and fourth or fifth node from the top in stubble) was lowered. The redundancy analysis indicated that the low-node brown rice Cd content had the largest effect on the total brown rice Cd content in the ratoon crop. Accordingly, indica–japonica hybrid cultivars should be selected for the production of ratoon rice in mildly Cd-polluted areas, and the height of the main crop stubble should be maximized during harvest.
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Xiao, Zhengwu, Chengjing Liao, Yuping Hu, et al. "Quality Characteristics of Noodles Processed from Rice Grains of the Ratoon Crop." Agronomy 12, no. 11 (2022): 2739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112739.
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Rice noodles are usually manufactured using rice grains of the main crop. There is limited information available on rice noodles processed from ratoon rice grains. In this study, two-year field experiments were conducted to compare the cooking and texture properties of noodles and the grain chemical properties of ratoon crops with those of main crops from two rice cultivars (Guichao 2 and Zhenguiai) that are widely used for processing noodles. Results showed that the cooked break rate and the cooking loss rate of rice noodles processed from grains of the ratoon crop were similar to those of the main crop in both cultivars; however, changes in texture of cooked rice noodles processed from grains of the ratoon crop compared with the main crop were cultivar-dependent, being significantly softer in Zhenguiai but not in Guichao 2. Hardness and chewiness of cooked rice noodles were significantly negatively correlated with amylopectin content in milled rice grains in Zhenguiai, indicating that amylopectin content is a key chemical property determining the texture differences between rice noodles processed from grains of ratoon and main crops.
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Zhang, Wujun, Bin Du, Xiujian Duan, et al. "Effects of Different Rice Varieties and Water Management Practices on Greenhouse Gas (CH4 and N2O) Emissions in the Ratoon Rice System in the Upper Yangtze River Region, China." Agriculture 14, no. 12 (2024): 2251. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14122251.
Full textAbstract:
Ratoon rice can improve rice yield by increasing the multiple cropping index in China. However, the greenhouse gas (CH4 and N2O) emission characteristics from ratoon rice fields and the cultivation methods to reduce CH4 and N2O emissions are rarely reported. This study first conducted the analysis of genotype differences in greenhouse gas emission fluxes using five strong ratoon ability rice varieties in 2020. Second, water management methods, including alternating the wet–dry irrigation (AWD) pattern and conventional flooding irrigation (CF) during the main season, were carried out in 2021. CH4 and N2O emission flux, agronomic traits, and rice yield during both main and ratoon seasons were investigated. The results showed that the CH4 emission flux during the main and ratoon seasons was 157.05–470.73 kg·ha–1 and 31.03–84.38 kg·ha–1, respectively, and the total N2O emission flux was 0.13–0.94 kg·ha–1 in the ratoon rice system over the two seasons (RRSTS). Compared with the main season, the CH4 emission flux during the ratoon season was significantly reduced, thus decreasing the greenhouse gas global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGI) in the ratoon rice system. Cliangyouhuazhan (CLYHZ) showed a high yield, and the lowest GWP and GHGI values among the five rice varieties in RRSTS. Compared with CF, the AWD pattern reduced the CH4 emission flux during the main and ratoon seasons by 67.4–95.3 kg·ha–1 and 1.7–5.1 kg·ha–1, respectively, but increased the N2O emission flux by 0.1–0.6 kg·ha–1 during the RRSTS. Further, compared with CF, the AWD pattern had a declined GWP by 14.3–19.4% and GHGI by 30.3–34.3% during the RRSTS, which was attributed to the significant reduction in GWP and GHGI during the main season. The AWD pattern significantly increased rice yield by 21.9–22.9% during the RRSTS, especially for YX203. Correlation analysis showed that CH4, GWP, and GHGI exhibited significant negative correlations with spikelet number per m2 and the harvest index during the main and ratoon seasons. Collectively, selecting the high-yield, low-emission variety CLYHZ could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ratoon rice while maintaining a high yield. The AWD pattern could reduce total CH4 emission during the main season, reducing the GWP and GHGI while increasing the ratoon rice system yield. It could be concluded that a variety of CLYHZ and AWD patterns are worthy of promotion and application to decrease greenhouse gas emissions in the ratoon rice area in the upper reaches of Yangtze River, China.
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Maurya, Manish Kumar, Anjan Sarma, Gariyashi Tamuly, et al. "Rice Ratooning: A Pioneering Strategy for Enhancing Rice Productivity and Embracing Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 20 (2023): 1047–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i203900.
Full textAbstract:
The global demand for rice as a primary staple food, especially in Asia, has intensified the need for increased rice production. However, traditional rice cultivation methods such as double-cropping have adverse environmental impacts and are affected by water scarcity due to changing climate conditions. In this context, the ratoon rice system, which involves regenerating a second rice crop from the same plant after the main harvest, offers a promising solution. Ratoon cropping reduces production costs, labor, and water usage while being more environmentally friendly. This review paper aims to explore the best management practices for enhancing ratoon rice system productivity and climate change adaptation. Various strategies are discussed such as optimal varietal selection, timing of sowing and harvesting, establishment techniques, cutting height of the main crop, water and nutrient management, weed control and the use of plant growth regulators. The results suggest that implementing these practices can lead to better ratoon crop yields and economic benefits. Furthermore, sustainability assessments have shown that ratoon rice cultivation can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, making it a more environmentally sustainable option compared to conventional rice cropping methods.
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Zhang, J. G. "Hybrid Rice Ratoon Exploited in Sichuan, China." International Rice Research Newsletter 16, no. 5 (1991): 27–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7218501.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Hybrid Rice Ratoon Exploited in Sichuan, China' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Chakravarthy, A. K. "Insect Pests on Main and Ratoon Rice." International Rice Research Newsletter 12, no. 4 (1987): 35–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7123187.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Insect Pests on Main and Ratoon Rice' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Chauhan, J. S., B. S. Vergara, and F. S. S. Lopez. "Rice ratoon crop root system." International Rice Research Newsletter 10, no. 2 (1985): 24–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6879948.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Rice Ratoon Crop Root System' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Zhao, Rongkun, Yue Wang, and Yuechen Li. "High-Resolution Ratoon Rice Monitoring under Cloudy Conditions with Fused Time-Series Optical Dataset and Threshold Model." Remote Sensing 15, no. 17 (2023): 4167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15174167.
Full textAbstract:
Ratoon rice, an effective rice cultivation system, allows paddy rice to be harvested twice from the same stubble, playing an important role in ensuring food security and adapting to climate change with its unique growth characteristics. However, there is an absence of research related to remote-sensing monitoring of ratoon rice, and the presence of other rice cropping systems (e.g., double-season rice) with similar characteristics poses a hindrance to the accurate identification of ratoon rice. Furthermore, cloudy and rainy regions have limited available remote-sensing images, meaning that remote-sensing monitoring is limited. To address this issue, taking Yongchuan District, a typical cloud-prone region in Chongqing, China, as an example, this study proposed the construction of a time-series optical dataset using the Modified Neighborhood Similar Pixel Interpolator (MNSPI) method for cloud-removal interpolation and the Flexible Spatiotemporal DAta Fusion (FSDAF) model for fusing multi-source optical remote-sensing data, in combination with vegetation index features and phenological information to build a threshold model to map ratoon rice at high-resolution (10 m). The mapping performance of ratoon rice was evaluated using independent field samples to obtain the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient. The findings indicate that the combination of the MNSPI method and FSDAF model had a stable and effective performance, characterized by high correlation coefficient (r) values and low root mean square error (RMSE) values between the restored/predicted images and the true images. Notably, it was possible to effectively capture the distinct characteristics of ratoon rice in cloudy and rainy regions using the proposed threshold model. Specifically, the identified area of ratoon rice in the study region was 194.17 km2, which was close to the official data (158–180 km2), and the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of ratoon rice identification result were 90.73% and 0.81, respectively. These results demonstrate that our proposed threshold model can effectively distinguish ratoon rice during vital phenological stages from other crop types, enrich the technical system of rice remote-sensing monitoring, and provide a reference for agricultural remote-sensing applications in cloudy and rainy regions.
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Jiang, Chenqian, Shuaijun Dai, Dingguo Yang, et al. "Variation in Starch Properties in Ratoon Rice and Their Relationship with Rice Quality." Agronomy 14, no. 9 (2024): 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14092178.
Full textAbstract:
Ratoon rice is characterized by higher production combined with enhanced rice quality. However, the relationship between the differences in the structure and properties of the starch and variations in the ratoon season and rice quality is still unclear. In this study, we conducted a field experiment in 2023 to assess the relationship between rice quality differences and starch characteristics of four different hybrid rice varieties (Longjingyou1212: LJY1212; Taoyouxiangzhan: TYXZ; Liangyou6326: LY6326; Fengliangyouxiang1: FLYX1) in the ratoon season. In terms of appearance, the chalkiness degrees and chalky grain percentage of LJY1212 (0.6%, 2.3%) and TYXZ (1.2%, 6.0%) were 53.5% and 53.9% lower than those of LY6326 (2.4%, 10.0%) and FLYX1 (1.6%, 7.8%), indicating that the appearances of LJY1212 and TYXZ were better than those of LY6326 and FLYX1. The average amylose contents of LJY1212 (18.5%) and TYXZ (19.0%) were 10.8% higher than those of LY6326 (17.7%) and FLYX1 (15.7%), and there was no significant difference in protein content between the varieties in the ratoon season. Regarding the starch microstructure, the starch granules of LJY1212 and TYXZ in the ratoon season were arranged more closely. The average ratios of 1045/1022 cm−1 of LJY1212 (0.77) and TYXZ (0.76) were 7.0% higher than those of LY6326 (0.71) and FLYX1 (0.72), indicating that the internal orders of LJY1212 and TYXZ’s starch were better than those of LY6326 and FLYX1. The average relative crystallinities of LJY1212 (24.8%) and TYXZ (24.5%) were 5.2% lower than those of LY6326 (25.7%) and FLYX1 (26.6%). The relative crystallinity of starch decreased with the increase in amylose content, while the short-range order degree, gelatinization temperature, and gelatinization enthalpy increased with the increase in amylose content. Therefore, the LJY1212 and TYXZ varieties, with better rice qualities, are recommended for planting in southern China.
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TEEKAM SINGH, B. LAL, B.S. SATAPATHY, P. GAUTAM, A. KUMAR, and K.B. PUN. "Effect of date of transplanting and nitrogen on productivity and profitability of riceratoon (Oryza sativa) system under shallow lowland." Indian Journal of Agronomy 66, no. 2 (2001): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.59797/ija.v66i2.2850.
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A field experiment was carried out during the boro season of 201415 to 201516 at the research farm, Gerua, Kamrup, Asom, to identify optimum planting date for main rice (Oryza sativa L.) and nitrogen level for ratoon rice under shallow lowland ecosystem. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 replications. Three planting dates (5th, 15th and 25th February) were assigned to main plots for main crop and 3 nitrogen levels (0, 20 and 40 kg/ha N) to subplots for ratoon crop. Naveen, a high-yielding variety of rice was taken as test crop. Results revealed that 15th February planting proved significantly more productive and profitable for main rice (6.04 t/ha) as well as ratoon (2.33 t/ha) than those of 5th and 25th February planting. It was mainly owing to higher values ob- tained for growth and yield attributes like plant height, dry-matter accumulation, tillers/m2, filled grains/panicle, panicle weight and length for main rice as well as ratoon crop from 15th February planting. Hills/m2, filled grains/ panicle and fertility percentage of ratoon crop were significantly influenced by planting dates. Grain yield of main rice was highly correlated with number of panicles/m2, spikelets/panicle and filled grains/panicle. However, grain yield of ratoon crop was significantly correlated with hills/m2, number of panicles/m2, spikelets/panicle, filled grains/ panicle and fertility percentage. Nitrogen levels of 20 and 40 kg/ha resulted in significantly higher hills/m2, panicles/ m2 and spikelets/panicle which resulted significantly higher grain and straw yields of ratoon rice over the control but remained statistically at par with each other. Thus, 20 kg/ha N application was enough to get good rice ratoon crop and additional income of `26,415/ha with benefit: cost ratio 3.36.
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Srinivasan, K., and S. Purushothaman. "Effect of Plant Spacing on Ratoon Rice Performance." International Rice Research Newsletter 15, no. 4 (1990): 21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7179420.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Effect of Plant Spacing on Ratoon Rice Performance' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Palchamy, A., and S. Purushothaman. "Grain Yield and Duration of Ratoon Rice Varieties." International Rice Research Newsletter 13, no. 5 (1988): 9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7136392.
Full textAbstract:
This article 'Grain Yield and Duration of Ratoon Rice Varieties' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Ku, Wenzhen, Yi Su, Xiaoyun Peng, Ruozhong Wang, Haiou Li, and Langtao Xiao. "Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Inhibitory Roles of Strigolactone in Axillary Bud Outgrowth in Ratoon Rice." Plants 13, no. 6 (2024): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13060899.
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Axillary bud outgrowth, a key factor in ratoon rice yield formation, is regulated by several phytohormone signals. The regulatory mechanism of key genes underlying ratoon buds in response to phytohormones in ratoon rice has been less reported. In this study, GR24 (a strigolactone analogue) was used to analyze the ratooning characteristics in rice cultivar Huanghuazhan (HHZ). Results show that the elongation of the axillary buds in the first seasonal rice was significantly inhibited and the ratoon rate was reduced at most by up to 40% with GR24 treatment. Compared with the control, a significant reduction in the content of auxin and cytokinin in the second bud from the upper spike could be detected after GR24 treatment, especially 3 days after treatment. Transcriptome analysis suggested that there were at least 742 and 2877 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) within 6 h of GR24 treatment and 12 h of GR24 treatment, respectively. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that GR24 treatment had a significant effect on the homeostasis and signal transduction of cytokinin and auxin. It is noteworthy that the gene expression levels of OsCKX1, OsCKX2, OsGH3.6, and OsGH3.8, which are involved in cytokinin or auxin metabolism, were enhanced by the 12 h GR24 treatment. Taken overall, this study showed the gene regulatory network of auxin and cytokinin homeostasis to be regulated by strigolactone in the axillary bud outgrowth of ratoon rice, which highlights the importance of these biological pathways in the regulation of axillary bud outgrowth in ratoon rice and would provide theoretical support for the molecular breeding of ratoon rice.
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Tian, Qinqin, Dechao Zheng, Pingping Chen, Shuai Yuan, and Zhenxie Yi. "The Effects of Reducing Nitrogen and Increasing Density in the Main Crop on Yield and Cadmium Accumulation of Ratoon Rice." Agronomy 15, no. 2 (2025): 485. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15020485.
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Rice cultivated in cadmium (Cd)-polluted acidic paddy soil poses important health risks in China. Mitigating Cd accumulation in rice is of crucial importance for food safety and human health. In this study, using Chuangliangyou 669 as the ratoon rice variety, a field experiment was conducted in paddy fields with severe Cd pollution (Cd concentration > 1.0 mg kg−1). The aim was to explore the impacts of different nitrogen (N) fertilizer levels (N1-180 kg hm−2, N2-153 kg hm−2, N3-126 kg hm−2) and planting densities (D1-20 cm × 20 cm, D2-16.7 cm × 16.7 cm) in the main crop on the yield and Cd accumulation characteristics of ratoon rice. The results showed that reducing the amount of N fertilizer would lead to a decrease in the yield of ratoon rice, while increasing the planting density could increase the yield, mainly by increasing the effective panicle. Among the various combined treatments, the yields of N1M2 and N2M2 were relatively high. The planting density had no significant impact on the Cd concentration, translocation factor and bioaccumulation factor of ratoon rice. The Cd concentration in various tissues of ratoon rice decreased significantly with the reduction in N fertilizer application. Reducing N fertilizer application could increase the pH, reduce the concentration of available Cd in the soil and consequently reduce the Cd bioaccumulation factor of various tissues of ratoon rice and the Cd translocation factor from roots and stems to brown rice. Considering both the yield and the Cd concentration in brown rice, N2M2 was the optimal treatment of reducing N and increasing density, which could maintain a relatively high yield while significantly reducing the Cd concentration.
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Sakti, Muchammad Bima Gegana, Komariah Komariah, Dwi Priyo Ariyanto, Sumani Sumani, Muhamad Khoiru Zaki, and Keigo Noda. "The comparison between conventional and rice ratoon system on soil properties, rice productivity and nutrient status." SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 18, no. 1 (2021): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v18i1.47553.
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<p>Ratoon system is a method of rice cultivation that produces new tillers after the mother plant is harvested and is continued by maintaining and caring for the shoots of the mother plant. In Indonesia, SALIBU and SINGGANG, which are types of rice ratooning, have been developed for Sumatra and Java regions, respectively. SALIBU is an innovation or a modification of the rice ratoon system that focuses on maintaining the time of fertigation and cutting of plant height. SINGGANG, on the other hand, is a rice ratoon system in which the management of fertigation and cutting is not considered. Both systems have not yet been implemented outside their places of origin. This study aims to compare the conventional and modified rice ratoon systems considering parameters such as soil properties, nutrient uptake, and the growth and yield of rice. The effects of rice ratoon systems (SALIBU and SINGGANG,), soil types (Inceptisols, Alfisols, and Vertisols), and cultivars (Pandan Wangi and Mekongga) were evaluated. All treatments were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replicates in the net house. The results showed that the soil porosity in SINGGANG (48.89%) and SALIBU (46.78%) systems was higher than the conventional system (43.17%) in the Inceptisol soil and Pandan Wangi cultivars. Moreover, SINGGANG had a positive effect on the physical properties of soil (porosity and permeability); whereas, SALIBU had a positive effect on the chemical properties of soil (pH and organic carbon). In contrast, the agronomic parameters showed that the weights of dry matter and dry yield for SINGGANG were 44.96 and 23.09 g per plant clump, respectively, while those for SALIBU were 55.54 and 25.74 g per plant clump, respectively. These were lower than the conventional system (63.18 and 31.21 g per plant clump, respectively). Thus, we concluded that the SINGGANG and SALIBU ratoon systems had a positive impact on soil properties, but both systems could not promote higher rice production than the mother plant in all soil types and cultivars.</p>
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Joshi, R. C., M. N. Ukwungwu, and M. D. Winslow. "Rice Ratoons As Potential Host for African Rice Gall Midge (GM)." International Rice Research Newsletter 15, no. 6 (1990): 24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7214641.
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This article 'Rice Ratoons As Potential Host for African Rice Gall Midge (GM)' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Jones, M. P. "Main and Ratoon Rice Crop Performance in Mangrove Swamps." International Rice Research Newsletter 12, no. 2 (1987): 11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7122349.
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This article 'Main and Ratoon Rice Crop Performance in Mangrove Swamps' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.
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Mareza, Evriani, Zainal Ridho Djafar, Rujito Agus Suwignyo, and Dan Andi Wijaya. "Morfofisiologi Ratun Padi Sistem Tanam Benih Langsung di Lahan Pasang Surut." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 44, no. 3 (2017): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v44i3.12908.
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<p>ABSTRACT<br /><br />The morphophysiology of ratoon is different from the main plant of rice and was influenced by location and cultivation.This research was intended to evaluate morphophysiology characters of rice ratoon planted by direct seeding system in tidal swamp at various stubble cutting height. The experiment was conducted in November 2013-April 2014 at tidal swamp overflow type B in Telang Sari Village, District of Tanjung Lago, Banyuasin, South Sumatra Province. The experiment used randomized block design with 5 replications. Treatment was stubble cutting height 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm above the soil surface. Rice was planted at 4 m x 5 m plot, the distance between plot 1 m. Data were analyzed by test of variance and 5% HSD test. Morphophysiological characters of rice ratoon were influenced by stubble cutting height. Cutting height of 20-40 cm above soil surface increased the ratoon number of tillers per hill, leaf area per hill, dry weight per hill, percentage of empty grains per panicle, grain weight per hill and percentage ratoon/main crop production per hill. The higher stubble cutting, the lower the number of leaves per tiller, leaf area per tiller, carbohydrate content, and number of grains per panicle of ratoon, however it accelerated age of flowering and harvesting. <br /><br />Keywords: direct seeding system, ratoon system, rice growth and production, stubble cutting height<br /><br /></p>
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Bond, Jason A., and Patrick K. Bollich. "Ratoon Rice Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer." Crop Management 5, no. 1 (2006): CM—2006–0523–02—RS. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/cm-2006-0523-02-rs.
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