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1

Wilkins, E., A. Cope, and S. Waitkins. "RAPIDS, RAFTS, AND RATS." Lancet 332, no. 8605 (1988): 283–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(88)92580-9.

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2

Dvorak, Bohuslav, Debra L. McWilliam, Catherine S. Williams, et al. "Artificial Formula Induces Precocious Maturation of the Small Intestine of Artificially Reared Suckling Rats." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 31, no. 2 (2000): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.2000.tb07082.x.

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ABSTRACTBackgroundThe artificially reared rat model was used successfully to study the effect of nutrition during the early postnatal period on growth and development of the neonate. Overgrowth and morphologic changes of the gastrointestinal tract are known consequences of artificial rearing. The major goal of our study was to elucidate whether artificial rearing–enhanced gut development is caused by artificial diet or by gastrostomy and the artificial rearing technique itself.MethodsSuckling rats at day 8 of age underwent intragastric cannulation and were machine fed either a cow's milk–based
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3

Dupré, Roslyn M. "Rats, rats, rats!" Nature Medicine 1, no. 7 (1995): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0795-609a.

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4

Beauséjour, Annie, Karine Auger, Jean St-Louis, and Michèle Brochu. "High-sodium intake prevents pregnancy-induced decrease of blood pressure in the rat." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 285, no. 1 (2003): H375—H383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01132.2002.

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Despite an increase of circulatory volume and of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity, pregnancy is paradoxically accompanied by a decrease in blood pressure. We have reported that the decrease in blood pressure was maintained in pregnant rats despite overactivation of RAAS following reduction in sodium intake. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the opposite condition, e.g., decreased activation of RAAS during pregnancy in the rat. To do so, 0.9% or 1.8% NaCl in drinking water was given to nonpregnant and pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats for 7 days (last week o
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5

Fu, Ziwei, Jiajia Hu, Li Zhou та ін. "(Pro)renin receptor contributes to pregnancy-induced sodium-water retention in rats via activation of intrarenal RAAS and α-ENaC". American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 316, № 3 (2019): F530—F538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00411.2018.

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The (pro)renin receptor (PRR) is a new component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and regulates renin activity. The objective of the present study was to test potential roles of the renal PRR and intrarenal RAAS in the physiological status of late pregnancy. Late pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were studied 19–21 days after sperm was observed in vaginal smears. Experiments were performed using age-matched virgin rats and late pregnant rats treated with the specific PRR inhibitor PRO20 (700 μg·kg−1·day−1 sc for 14 days, 3 times/day for every 8 h) or vehicle. The indices of RAAS,
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6

Ugwu, Princewill, Ruku Ubom, Pamela Madueke, Pamela Okorie, and Daniel Nwachukwu. "Anti-Hypertensive Effects of Anthocyanins from Hibiscus sabdarifa Calyx on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldoslestrone System in Wistar Rats." Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences 37, no. 1 (2022): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54548/njps.v37i1.14.

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Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) has gained attention as an anti-hypertensive agent. In the present study, we hypothesized that anthocyanins from HS may attenuate salt-induced hypertension in rats by suppressing the components of renin-angiotensin-aldoslestrone system (RAAS). Hypertension was induced in the rats by adding 8% NaCl in their diet for six weeks. Wistar rats (n=5 each) were randomly divided into seven groups. Group 1 was the normentensive control group and was fed with normal rat chew and water ad libitum; groups 2 and 3 served as hypertensive control (negative untreated and positive treat
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7

Bounouar, Elaid, Fatiha Missoun, Nesrine Ouda Amari, et al. "Antidiabetic effect of Atriplex halimus long and short term treatment against streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats." Anales de Biología, no. 44 (May 10, 2022): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesbio.44.03.

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El objetivo fue evaluar la actividad antidiabética de hojas de Atriplex halimus en ratas diabéticas modelo. Para evaluar se utilizó la glicemia, pérdida de peso, volumen de consumo de agua, parámetros bioquímicos. estudio histológico. Las investigaciones fitoquímicas indican la presencia de flavonoides, taninos, saponinas, mucílagos, glucósidos. proteínas. Los resultados muestran que el tratamiento con extracto acuoso de A. halimus presenta reducción significativa de los niveles de glucosa en sangre en ratas de los grupos D100. D200, en comparación con el grupo diabético,. protege. las ratas d
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8

Tonkiss, J., J. L. Smart, N. S. Auestad, and J. Edmond. "Type of Milk Substitute Influences Growth of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Artificially Reared Rat Pups." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 4, no. 5 (1985): 818–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1985.tb08962.x.

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Summary:Growth of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract was studied in rat pups that were reared normally (motherreared, MR) or were artificially reared (AR) by intragastric infusion of milk substitutes from postnatal day 5. Two mitk substitutes were used: one high in carbohydrate and low in protein compared with rat's milk (Messer) and the other close in composition to rat's milk (Auestad). Pups reared on these formulae are termed ARM and ARA, respectively. Pups were killed at 7, 12, and 20 days for the determination of the wet and dry weights of stomach and caecum and the lengths of the small and
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9

 . "In de rats na een RADS." TBV – Tijdschrift voor Bedrijfs- en Verzekeringsgeneeskunde 17, no. 5 (2009): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03081209.

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10

Wyczalkowska-Tomasik, Aleksandra, Irena Bartlomiejczyk, Agnieszka Wirkowska, Lukasz Koperski, Barbara Gornicka, and Leszek Paczek. "The Blocking on the Cathepsin B and Fibronectin Accumulation in Kidney Glomeruli of Diabetic Rats." International Journal of Endocrinology 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/812825.

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Hyperglycemia results in the activation of tissue angiotensin II. Angiotensin II stimulates the synthesis of ECM proteins and causes a decrease activity of proteolytic enzymes. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of multilevel blocking of the RAAS, cathepsin B activity, and fibronectin accumulation in the glomerular in the rats diabetes model. Sixty male Wistar rats were initially included. Diabetes was induced by intravenous administration of streptozotocin. The animals were randomized to six groups of ten rats in group. Rats in the four groups were treated with inhibitors of the R
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11

Ivanova, G. T., M. Kh Khasun, M. M. Parastaeva, A. Sh Rumyantsev, and O. N. Beresneva. "The effect of blockade of the renin‑angiotensin‑aldosterone system on skin microcirculation in rats with impaired renal function." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 30, no. 4 (2024): 400–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2024-2424.

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The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is involved in the regulation of kidney function and blood pressure (BP). In renal dysfunction, hyperactivation of the RAAS leads to an increase in BP and impaired permeability of the nephron glomerular filter. Blockade of the RAAS is one of the methods of nephroprotection. Objective. To compare the effect of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (IACE), angiotensin I receptor blocker (ARB), and a selective slow calcium channel blocker (BCC) on the functional state of the microvasculature of the skin of rats with nephrectomy (NE), fed with a
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12

Friederich-Persson, Malou, and Patrik Persson. "Mitochondrial angiotensin II receptors regulate oxygen consumption in kidney mitochondria from healthy and type 1 diabetic rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 318, no. 3 (2020): F683—F688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00417.2019.

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Exaggerated activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a key feature in diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Recently, an intracellular RAAS was demonstrated with angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors expressed in nuclei and mitochondria. Diabetes is associated with both mitochondrial dysfunction and increased intracellular ANG II concentration in the kidney cortex. The present study investigated the role of ANG II signaling in kidney cortex mitochondria isolated from control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat
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13

Eckel, Lisa A., Heidi M. Rivera, and Deann P. D. Atchley. "The anorectic effect of fenfluramine is influenced by sex and stage of the estrous cycle in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 288, no. 6 (2005): R1486—R1491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00779.2004.

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The controls of food intake differ in male and female rats. Daily food intake is typically greater in male rats, relative to female rats, and a decrease in food intake, coincident with the estrous stage of the ovarian reproductive cycle, is well documented in female rats. This estrous-related decrease in food intake has been attributed to a transient increase in the female rat's sensitivity to satiety signals generated during feeding bouts. Here, we investigated whether sex or stage of the estrous cycle modulate the satiety signal generated by fenfluramine, a potent serotonin (5-HT) releasing
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14

Takano, Yuji, Masatoshi Ukezono, Satoshi F. Nakashima, Nobuaki Takahashi, and Naoyuki Hironaka. "Learning of efficient behaviour in spatial exploration through observation of behaviour of conspecific in laboratory rats." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 9 (2017): 170121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170121.

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Recent studies have suggested that rodent behaviour is influenced by the behaviour of surrounding conspecifics (e.g. emotional contagion and prosocial behaviour). However, little is known about deferred imitation and complex observational learning in rats. The purpose of this study was to reveal whether rats can learn from another rat's experiences. In a maze, observer rats watched the foraging behaviour of other rats (demonstrators) and then foraged in turn. The results showed that demonstrators explored inefficiently, but observers explored more efficiently after observing inefficient explor
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15

Takeda, Yoshiyu, Yoshimichi Takeda, Masashi Demura, et al. "Effects of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor on Renal Renin-Angiotensin-Aldsoterone System." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (2021): A439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.895.

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Abstract Objective: The renoprotective effect of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGL2i) has been reported in diabetic patients. Local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is activated in diabetes mellitus and hypertension. We examined the effects of SGL2i on the RAAS in the obese diabetic rats fed a high salt diet. Methods: Zucker-diabetic rats (ZDR) and control rats were fed a high or normal salt diet and were treated with canagliflozin for 8 weeks. Blood pressure (BP), blood glucose (BG), PRA, plasma aldosterone (PAC), urinary albumin excretion (UAE), urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-de
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16

Kruse, M. N., A. L. Belton, and W. C. de Groat. "Changes in bladder and external urethral sphincter function after spinal cord injury in the rat." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 264, no. 6 (1993): R1157—R1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1993.264.6.r1157.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) in humans results in inappropriate contractions of the external urethral sphincter muscle (EUS) during micturition (bladder-sphincter dyssynergia), leading to urinary retention. The major goal of this study was to determine whether SCI in rats has similar detrimental effects on micturition. After chronic SCI, urethan-anesthetized rats had a significantly (15-fold) increased bladder capacity and impaired voiding (31-fold increase in residual volume) compared with control rats. Bladder contractions in SCI rats were accompanied by abnormal tonic EUS electromyographic acti
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17

Lai, Ching Jung, Ting Ruan, and Yu Ru Kou. "The involvement of hydroxyl radical and cyclooxygenase metabolites in the activation of lung vagal sensory receptors by circulatory endotoxin in rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 98, no. 2 (2005): 620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00539.2004.

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Circulatory endotoxin can stimulate vagal pulmonary C fibers and rapidly adapting receptors (RARs) in rats, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. We investigated the involvement of hydroxyl radicals and cyclooxygenase metabolites in the stimulation of C fibers and RARs by circulatory endotoxin (50 mg/kg) in 112 anesthetized, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated rats. In rats pretreated with the vehicle, endotoxin stimulated C fibers and RARs and caused a slight increase in total lung resistance (Rl) and a decrease in dynamic lung compliance. In rats pretreated with dimethylthiourea (a
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18

Shi, Qing, Hiroyuki Ishii, Shinichi Kinoshita, et al. "A rat-like robot for interacting with real rats." Robotica 31, no. 8 (2013): 1337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574713000568.

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SUMMARYWe developed a novel small rat-like robot calledWasedaRat No.4(WR-4) to interact with real rats. WR-4 can perform both rearing (rising up on its hind limbs) and rotating (body bending during movement) actions faster than live mature rats. After robot–rat interaction involving rearing and body grooming (body cuddling and head curling) actions of WR-4, real rats showed more activity and greater interest in the robot. Similar results evident from rat–rat interaction suggest that a rat-like robot is able to interact with rats in the same way as real rats. Furthermore, lower variances betwee
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19

Wood, Sarah. "Rats Releasing Other Rats." Paragraph 38, no. 3 (2015): 402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2015.0175.

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20

Wijayanti, Anisa Catur, Irfan Ramadhan, Devi Ayu Anggraeni, et al. "Penyuluhan dan Pembagian Kit Pengendalian Tikus dan Lalat Kepada Lansia." JURNAL INOVASI DAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA 2, no. 4 (2023): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jipmi.v2i4.181.

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Latar belakang: Lingkungan merupakan masalah kesehatan terbesar di Indonesia karena sanitasi dasar yang buruk, lingkungan fisik yang buruk, dan rendahnya perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat pada masyarakat. Penyakit yang berhubungan langsung dengan sanitasi yang buruk dan disebabkan oleh hewan pengerat seperti tikus dan lalat. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengendalikan populasi tikus dan lalat dengan cara pemasangan lem kertas lalat dan obat tikus yang dibagikan kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk KIT. Tujuan: Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan lansia tentang pengendalian tikus dan lal
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Shirao, Satoshi, Hiroshi Yoneda, Mizuya Shinoyama, et al. "A Novel Trigger for Cholesterol-Dependent Smooth Muscle Contraction Mediated by the Sphingosylphosphorylcholine-Rho-Kinase Pathway in the Rat Basilar Artery: A Mechanistic Role for Lipid Rafts." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 35, no. 5 (2015): 835–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.260.

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Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for abnormal cerebrovascular events. Rafts are cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains that influence signal transduction. We previously showed that Rho-kinase-mediated Ca2+ sensitization of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) induced by sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) has a pivotal role in cerebral vasospasm. The goals of the study were to show SPC-Rho-kinase-mediated VSM contraction in vivo and to link this effect to cholesterol and rafts. The SPC-induced VSM contraction measured using a cranial window model was reversed by Y-27632, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, in ra
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22

Oishi, Ryozo, Yoshinori Itoh, Masahiro Nishibori, and Kiyomi Saeki. "Brain histamine turnover rate in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY)." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 39 (1985): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)63421-9.

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23

Velez Rueda, J. Omar, Julieta Palomeque, and Alicia Mattiazzi. "Early apoptosis in different models of cardiac hypertrophy induced by high renin-angiotensin system activity involves CaMKII." Journal of Applied Physiology 112, no. 12 (2012): 2110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01383.2011.

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The objective of this study was to establish whether 1) hyperactivity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) produces apoptosis in early stages of cardiac disease; and 2) Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is involved in these apoptotic events. Two models of hypertrophy were used at an early stage of cardiac disease: spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and isoproterenol-treated rats (Iso-rats). At 4 mo, SHR showed blood pressure, aldosterone serum levels, used as RAAS activity index, and left ventricular mass index, used as hypertrophy index, above control values by
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24

Freestone, David M., Fuat Balcı, Patrick Simen, and Russell M. Church. "Optimal response rates in humans and rats." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition 41, no. 1 (2015): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xan0000049.

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25

Sakima, Atsushi, David B. Averill, Patricia E. Gallagher, et al. "Impaired Heart Rate Baroreflex in Older Rats." Hypertension 46, no. 2 (2005): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.hyp.0000178157.70142.33.

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26

Bhagat, Omlata, Prasunpriya Nayak, and Renu Gupta. "Short term Heart Rate Variability in Rats." INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND ALLIED SCIENCES 74, no. 3 (2022): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55184/ijpas.v74i3.69.

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Objective: A sustainable animal model is needed to detect Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions, which can be assessed by recording electrocardiogram and analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). Therefore, the present study tried to find out the duration for HRV analysis for reliable results.Material and methods: Recording of Electroencephalogram (ECG) is reported in many articles. However, there is no information regarding the duration of ECG to be considered for the HRV analysis. Adult Wistar rat were used for a recording of ECG and HRV analysis. A combination of Ketamine 50 mg/kg and Xylaz
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Tanaka, H., M. Yanase-Fujiwara, and K. Kanosue. "Effects of centrally and systemically administered indomethacin on body temperature in exercising rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 265, no. 1 (1993): R230—R234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1993.265.1.r230.

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Subcutaneous and intracerebroventricular (icv) injections of indomethacin were used to test whether prostaglandin synthesis is essential for the exercise-induced increase in a rat's body temperature. At an air temperature of 24 degrees C, male Wistar rats ran on a treadmill at 10-15 m/min 20 min after 300-micrograms icv injection or 60 min after 15-mg/kg sc injection of indomethacin or of control vehicle. The rectal temperature (Tre) of control rats in 17 control experiments increased by 1.0 degree C during exercise, whereas the Tre of the rats pretreated with intracerebroventricular indometha
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28

Wahyuni, Fitra, Renowati Renowati, Ummu Habibah, Mona Dewi Utari, and Nia Desriva. "PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIFITAS ANTIHIPERTENSI DAUN TANAMAN HERBAL MENURUNKAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA TIKUS BETINA INDUKSI HIPERTENSI." Ensiklopedia of Journal 4, no. 2 (2022): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33559/eoj.v4i2.1011.

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The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of leaf decoction of antihypertensive herbs commonly used in Indonesia to lower blood pressure. This study used female rats induced hypertension as animal models. In this experimental study, rats were divided into seven experimental groups consisting of four rats for each group. Rats have induced hypertension with a dose of 2.5 mg/kg BW of prednisone and 2.5% NaCl. Hypertension induction for rats was carried out for 14 days, treatment with herbs of leaf decoction (soursop, starfruit, celery, and salam) with a dose of 200 mg/kg BW for 1
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Pallet, Véronique, Isabelle Audouin-Chevallier, Catherine Verret, Henri Garcin, and Paul Higueret. "Retinoic acid differentially modulates triiodothyronine and retinoic acid receptors in rat liver according to thyroid status." European Journal of Endocrinology 131, no. 4 (1994): 377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.0.1310377.

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Pallet V, Audouin-Chevallier I, Verret C, Garcin H, Higueret P. Retinoic acid differentially modulates triiodothyronine and retinoic acid receptors in rat liver according to thyroid status. Eur J Endocrinol 1994;131:377–84. ISSN 0804–4643 Triiodothyronine (T3) receptors (TRs) and retinoic acid (RA) receptors (RARs) exert their effects on growth, differentiation and cellular homeostasis by acting as transcription factors. The binding characteristics of these receptors have been studied in liver of hypothyroid and hyperthyroid rats, with or without treatment with T3, RA or T3 + RA together. The
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Porter, Karen, Joslyn Ahlgren, Jessie Stanley, and Linda F. Hayward. "Modulation of heart rate variability during severe hemorrhage at different rates in conscious rats." Autonomic Neuroscience 150, no. 1-2 (2009): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autneu.2009.04.009.

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Abramov, А. А., V. L. Lakomkin, Е. V. Lukoshkova, А. V. Prosvirnin, V. I. Kapelko, and V. S. Kuzmin. "Rapid adaptive regulation of systemic circulation is suppressed in pulmonary." Rossijskij fiziologičeskij žurnal im. I.M. Sečenova 110, no. 10 (2024): 1777–98. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0869813924100149.

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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by an increase of a pressure in the pulmonary circulation; PAH is accompanied by activation of the sympathetic (SNS) and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). However, PAH-associated changes in baroreceptor regulation of systemic circulation, which is tightly interwoven with SNS and RAAS, have not been studied. The baroreceptor response (BRR) was studied in a chronic monocrotaline (MCT) model of PAH in rats (Wistar, 290 ± 30 g, 2–4 months). Phenylephrine as an agonist of α1-adrenergic receptor and sodium nitroprusside as NO dono
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McDonald, R. B., M. Florez-Duquet, C. Murtagh-Mark, and B. A. Horwitz. "Relationship between cold-induced thermoregulation and spontaneous rapid body weight loss of aging F344 rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 271, no. 5 (1996): R1115—R1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1996.271.5.r1115.

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We previously showed that, although cold-induced thermoregulation is attenuated in 26-mo-old male Fischer 344 (F344) rats, not all rats this age exhibit the same degree of cold-exposed hypothermia or diminished brown adipose tissue nonshivering thermogenic capacity. Examination of this heterogeneity suggested the hypothesis that it was associated with a difference in the physiological state between aged rats that were maintaining stable body weight versus those showing the rapid weight loss often occurring near the end of the rat's natural life span. To test this, we acutely exposed male F344
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Roca, Alicia, Jessie-Sue Milo, and Kennon A. Lattal. "Efectos del reforzamiento cualitativamente variado sobrela tasa de respuesta en ratas." ACTA COMPORTAMENTALIA 19, no. 1 (2011): 3–18. https://doi.org/10.32870/ac.v19i1.28009.

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Se compararon los efectos del reforzamiento cualitativamente variado y del reforzamiento constante sobre la tasa de respuesta en una palanca empleando a ratas como sujetos. En el Experimento 1, se expuso a ratas a un programa múltiple de tres componentes durante los cuales se reforzaron las presiones a una palanca conforme a un programa de intervalo variable 60 s. Durante dos componentes de reforzamiento constante, se entregó leche o comida. Durante el componente de reforzamiento variado, se entregó la leche o la comida de manera aleatoria. En el Experimento 2, se condujeron tres tipos de sesi
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Hassan, Manar Abd Alrazaq, and Asmaa A. Ajwad. "Assessment of Osteogenesis Enhancement in Rats Using Bone Densitometry: An In Vivo Study." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, A (2022): 1268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9618.

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Background: Human survival depends on the availability of water. Safe drinking water is a fundamental human right as well as a basic need for a good health. At the mineral and organic levels of water composition, exposure to electromagnetic fields can cause considerable changes in the quality of drinking water. As a result, water is more easily absorbed into the cell walls throughout the body, making it better suited for organ growth and development. When drunk on a daily basis, magnetic water causes dramatic changes in bone mineral density and content. Due to the necessity for distinct beam f
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Kerins, JL, SE Koske, J. Kazmierczak, C. Austin, K. Gowdy, and A. Dibernardo. "Éclosion du virus Séoul chez les rats et les propriétaires de rat –États-Unis et Canada, 2017." Relevé des maladies transmissibles au Canada 44, no. 2 (2018): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14745/ccdr.v44i02a07f.

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de Gooyer, TE, SL Skinner, ME Wlodek, DJ Kelly, and JL Wilkinson-Berka. "Angiotensin II influences ovarian follicle development in the transgenic (mRen-2)27 and Sprague-Dawley rat." Journal of Endocrinology 180, no. 2 (2004): 311–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1800311.

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There is accumulating evidence that local renin-angiotensin systems (RASs) influence cell growth and organ function in a variety of tissues including the ovary. The first aim of this study was to characterise the cellular location of RAS components in the rat ovary. This was facilitated by the use of the hypertensive transgenic (mRen-2)27 rat which overexpresses renin and angiotensin in extra-renal tissues. Comparisons were made with normal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The second aim was to determine if the upregulated RAS of the transgenic (mRen-2)27 rat and infusion of angiotensin II (ANG II) i
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Wyse, B., M. Waters, and C. Sernia. "Stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system by growth hormone in Lewis dwarf rats." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 265, no. 2 (1993): E332—E339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1993.265.2.e332.

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A genetically growth hormone (GH)-deficient strain of Lewis rats was used to test the hypothesis that the actions of GH on electrolyte and fluid homeostasis are mediated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Dwarf rats injected with recombinant bGH (2 mg.kg-1 x day-1) for 7 days (group GH1+) and 28 days (group GH4+), respectively, were compared with saline-injected dwarf (group GH-) and normal (group N) Lewis rats. GH decreased Na+ excretion and increased renal glomerular filtration rate in dwarf rats. The dietary intake and plasma concentrations of Na+ and K+ remained unchanged.
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Whaley-Connell, Adam, Javad Habibi, Yongzhong Wei, et al. "Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism attenuates glomerular filtration barrier remodeling in the transgenic Ren2 rat." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 296, no. 5 (2009): F1013—F1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.90646.2008.

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Recent evidence suggests that mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonism has beneficial effects on tissue oxidative stress and insulin metabolic signaling as well as reducing proteinuria. However, the mechanisms by which MR antagonism corrects both renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) impairments in renal insulin metabolic signaling and filtration barrier/podocyte injury remain unknown. To explore this potential beneficial interactive effect of MR antagonism we used young transgenic (mRen2)27 (Ren2) rats with increased tissue RAAS activity and elevated serum aldosterone levels. Ren2 and
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Farhadi, Susan A. S., and Kawa F. Dizaye. "Aliskiren, Fosinopril, and Their Outcome on Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in Rats with Thyroid Dysfunction." International Journal of Endocrinology 2019 (July 18, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5960563.

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Background and Objectives. Thyroid hormones have an important role in the growth and development of various tissues including the kidney, which is the major site of renin release and the consequent angiotensin and aldosterone formation. Therefore any derangement in thyroid function can result in abnormal functioning in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The current study was undertaken to find the impact of using a direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren) and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (Fosinopril) on the components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in rats wi
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Böckmann, Ineke, Jonas Lischka, Beatrice Richter, et al. "FGF23-Mediated Activation of Local RAAS Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 18 (2019): 4634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184634.

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Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to developing cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, which is associated with increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) serum levels. Elevated circulating FGF23 was shown to induce left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) via the calcineurin/NFAT pathway and contributed to cardiac fibrosis by stimulation of profibrotic factors. We hypothesized that FGF23 may also stimulate the local renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) in the heart, thereby further promoting the progression of FGF23-mediated cardiac pathologies. We evaluated LVH and fibrosis
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Liang, Liang, Zheng Tan, Ting Huang, et al. "Efficacy of robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the treatment of pulmonary sequestration in children." World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 7, no. 2 (2024): e000748. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/wjps-2023-000748.

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ObjectiveThis study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) in the treatment of pulmonary sequestration (PS) in children.MethodsAll video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and RAST performed on patients with PS at a single center from May 2019 to July 2023 were identified. Theχ2and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the perioperative outcomes between VATS and RATS groups.ResultsNinety-three patients underwent RATS while 77 patients underwent VATS. In both two groups, one patient converted to thoracotomy and no surgical mortality case. The medi
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Zachar, Rikke, Ammar Al-Mashhadi, Henrik Dimke, Per Svenningsen, Boye L. Jensen та Mattias Carlström. "Hydronephrosis is associated with elevated plasmin in urine in pediatric patients and rats and changes in NCC and γ-ENaC abundance in rat kidney". American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 315, № 3 (2018): F547—F557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00635.2017.

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Obstruction of urine flow at the level of the pelvo-ureteric junction (UPJO) and subsequent development of hydronephrosis is one of the most common congenital renal malformations. UPJO is associated with development of salt-sensitive hypertension, which is set by the obstructed kidney, and with a stimulated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in rodent models. This study aimed at investigating the hypothesis that 1) in pediatric patients with UPJO the RAAS is activated before surgical relief of the obstruction; 2) in rats with UPJO the RAAS activation is reflected by increased abundanc
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Mohammed, Israa, and Sawsan Abdulla Surchee. "In vivo, Antibacterial Effect of Green and Black Tea Extracts on Infected Liver and Kidney of Rats." Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences 19, no. 4 (2023): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjas.19.4.9.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of hot and cold aqueous extracts of green and black tea separately against Klebsiella pneumoniae after infecting the burned rat's skin with it, also to screen the effect of both types of tea on rat's liver and kidney. Sixteen male rats divided into four Groups (4 animals each), Group 1: untreated rat (control). Group 2: burn rats infected with K. pneumoniae (1.5×108 bacteria /ml). Group 3: burn treated by Green tea aqueous extract (1000 µg/ml) for K. pneumoniae bacteria. Group 4: burn treated by black tea extract (2000 µg/ml) for
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St-Louis, Jean, Benoît Sicotte, Annie Beauséjour, and Michèle Brochu. "Remodeling and angiotensin II responses of the uterine arcuate arteries of pregnant rats are altered by low- and high-sodium intake." Reproduction 131, no. 2 (2006): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00565.

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Lowering and increasing sodium intake in pregnant rats evoke opposite changes in renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) activity and are associated with alterations of blood volume expansion. As augmented uterine blood flow during gestation is linked to increased circulatory volume, we wanted to determine if low- and high-sodium intakes affect the mechanical properties and angiotensin II (AngII) responses of the uterine vasculature. Non-pregnant and pregnant rats received a normal sodium (0.22% Na+) diet. On the 15th day of gestation some animals were moved to a low-sodium (0.03%) diet, w
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L., J. F. "RATS!" Pediatrics 96, no. 1 (1995): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.96.1.4.

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The mouse-is-a-little-man premise has spawned unprecedented increases in environmental regulation (purportedly to protect us from cancer) and has contributed substantially to the cost of most goods and services, insurance premiums, legal fees, and federal taxes while reducing job opportunities and incentives for innovation.
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Rothman, Kenneth J. "Rats." Epidemiology 3, no. 2 (1992): 81–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001648-199203000-00003.

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Koenker, Roger. "RATS." American Statistician 40, no. 3 (1986): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2684542.

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Iannaccone, P. M., and H. J. Jacob. "Rats!" Disease Models & Mechanisms 2, no. 5-6 (2009): 206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dmm.002733.

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Epling, W. Frank. "Rats." Behavior Analyst 12, no. 2 (1989): 251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03392506.

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Stoddard, Christina. "Rats." Pleiades: Literature in Context 40, no. 1 (2020): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plc.2020.0061.

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