Academic literature on the topic 'Raúl (1950-....)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Raúl (1950-....)"
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De los Reyes, Aurelio. "De Allá en el Rancho Grande a Lola la trailera: movilidad social." Historia Mexicana 65, no. 4 (April 2, 2017): 1855. http://dx.doi.org/10.24201/hm.v65i4.3206.
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El texto muestra la movilidad social en sentido horizontal y vertical en películas mexicanas Allá en el Rancho Grande (1936, Fernando de Fuentes), Por la puerta falsa (1950, Fernando de Fuentes), Nosotras las taquígrafas (1950, Emilio Gómez Muriel), El río y la muerte (1954, Luis Buñuel), Víctimas del pecado (1950), Salón México (1948) y Las abandonadas (1944) las tres de Emilio Fernández, La Cucaracha (1958) y Del rancho a la televisión (1952), ambas de Ismael Rodríguez; y Lola la trailera (1984, Raúl Fernández), expresión del tránsito del país de una economía agrícola a una industrial.
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Uscanga Barradas, Abril. "Entrevista al Doctor Raúl Carrancá y Rivas." Revista del Posgrado en Derecho, no. 13 (November 24, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ppd.26831783e.2020.13.157.
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Raúl Carrancá y Rivas nació el 6 de septiembre de 1930 en la Colonia del Valle del entonces Distrito Federal. Su vida universitaria comenzó en 1948 con su ingreso a la Escuela Nacional Preparatoria del antiguo Colegio de San Ildefonso. El 20 de marzo de 1957 obtuvo el título de licenciado en Derecho por la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México con la tesis intitulada “La participación delictuosa, doctrina y ley penal”, elaborada bajo la dirección de Raúl Carrancá y Trujillo, fungiendo como sinodales Juan José Gonzales Bustamante, Celestino Porte-Petit y Constancio Bernaldo del Quirós. El 17 de abril de 1974 con la tesis “Cárcel y penas en México, esbozo de un derecho penitenciario” le fue concedido el grado de Doctor por la misma institución, confiriéndole la distinción Magna Cum Laude, que le otorgó el sínodo correspondiente integrado entre otros, por Antonio Martínez Báez, Alberto Truena Urbina y Luis Fernández Doblado. Su carrera como académico principió el primero de febrero de 1951, cuando al cursar el segundo año de la carrera de Derecho empezó a impartir clases de literatura universal en el plantel 2 de la Escuela Nacional Preparatoria y más tarde también impartió clases de lengua y literatura española. Posteriormente ingresó a dar clase como titular de tiempo completo en la Facultad de Derecho, impartiendo materias como Derecho Penal y Constitucional en el Posgrado. Paralelamente a la actividad académica, Carrancá y Rivas ha ocupado cargos dentro de la procuración y administración de justicia federal. El 16 de julio de 1950 fue nombrado agente del Ministerio Público Federal, ayudante de Francisco Gonzáles de la Vega quien fue en ese entonces el Procurador General de la República y, posteriormente, de 1987 a 1990 se le designó magistrado en el Primer Tribunal Federal Electoral. A lo largo de su trayectoria ha recibido innumerables testimonios de reconocimiento a su labor académica y a sus aportaciones a la ciencia jurídica, entre los que destacan la medalla al mérito académico por la Facultad de Derecho y las medallas en reconocimiento a sus años de labor docente.
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Biglieri, Aníbal A. "El poder del centro: espacios y lugares de la pampa." Armiliar, no. 2 (June 21, 2019): e002. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/25457888e002.
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Este artículo trata de la representación de la noción de la pampa en la obra decinco pintores argentinos y en relación con las descripciones de la región devarios novelistas y poetas argentinos de los siglos XIX, XX y XXI. El análisis sebasa en la distinción entre los conceptos de espacios y lugares, y en la forma enque estos últimos se constituyen a partir de un centro de equilibrio (Arnheim,1982). Los cuadros estudiados son Horizonte (1981) y Pampa, (1981), de MiguelOcampo; Un potrero (ca. 1900-03), de Ángel Della Valle; Paisaje, de EnriquePolicastro; La chacra (1950), de Raúl Soldi; y La tropilla (1954), de FlorencioMolina Campos.
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Solar, Ricardo Espinaza. "Del poema que se inunda, devastado: Raúl Zurita. Dimensiones ecológicas, aproximaciones ecocríticas y episteme urbanoambiental." Alea: Estudos Neolatinos 23, no. 1 (March 2021): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-106x/202123184100.
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Resumen La presencia de una idea generalizada sobre nuestra evidente crisis ecológica global, ha suscitado, en el campo de las humanidades, una serie de reflexiones críticas, creativas y empáticas para con las acciones de denuncia ecológica, sosteniblilidad y preservación del medioambiente. Ante aquello, consideramos que la escritura poética reciente de Raúl Zurita (Santiago, 1950), presenta una serie de rasgos y cualidades susceptibles de ser relacionadas con las representaciones de la naturaleza y el medioambiente en tanto dimensiones ecológicas. A partir de una serie de aproximaciones teórico-críticas precedentes, pretendemos evidenciar el desarrollo de una imaginación estética de relación y crítica entre el ser humano y la naturaleza, para luego leer la expresividad poética de Raúl Zurita en tanto reflexión crítica sobre la naturaleza y el lenguaje, afín a la proposición conceptual de una nueva episteme urbanoambiental (Heffes), centrada en los imaginarios de denuncia ecológica, sostenibilidad y preservación.
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Medeiros, Fágner João Maia. "O discípulo (Furtado) e o mestre (Prebisch), a inversão dos papéis." História Econômica & História de Empresas 24, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 131–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29182/hehe.v24i1.786.
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A relação entre o discípulo Celso Furtado e o mestre Raúl Prebisch originou nos primórdios da escola da CEPAL e modificou-se a cada decênio. Nesse artigo, analisamos a trajetória desses autores a partir de três distintos momentos que correspondem às décadas de 1950, 1960 e 1970. Em cada um dos momentos, discutimos os diferentes encontros desses autores, associando-lhes às suas respectivas produções teóricas e à conjuntura latino-americana. Por resultado, no último decênio revelamos como a relações mestre-discípulo se inverteu, tornando o mestre Prebisch um leitor e seguidor das doutrinas do discípulo Furtado.
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Dutra Fonseca, Pedro Cezar, and Ivan Colangelo Salomão. "FURTADO VS. PREBISCH: A LATIN AMERICAN CONTROVERSY." Investigación Económica 77, no. 306 (December 17, 2018): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fe.01851667p.2018.306.67908.
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<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The second half of the 1950s saw a conflict between Raúl Prebisch —the Executive Secretary of Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC)— and Celso Furtado, who was one of the most respected economists in the institution. The conflict is little explored in the literature and, somehow, it has become taboo within the institution itself, since it motivated Furtado’s abandonment of ECLAC in 1957. By investigating two official documents they prepared to subsidize the Argentinian and the Mexican governments, the current study highlights the main differences regarding anti-inflation and external insertion policies and, taking a broader view, the role played by the State in leading the development process.</p><p align="center"> </p><p align="center">FURTADO VS. PREBISCH: UNA CONTROVERSIA LATINOAMERICANA</p><p align="center"><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p>En la segunda mitad de la década de 1950 se registró un conflicto entre Raúl Prebisch, el Secretario Ejecutivo de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), y Celso Furtado, uno de los economistas más respetados de la institución. El conflicto está poco explorado en la literatura y se ha convertido en un tabú dentro de la propia institución, ya que motivó el abandono de la CEPAL por parte de Furtado en 1957. Al investigar dos documentos oficiales que ellos prepararon para subsidiar a los gobiernos de Argentina y México, el presente artículo destaca las principales diferencias respecto a las políticas de combate a la inflación y de inserción externa y, a partir de una visión más amplia, el papel desempeñado por el Estado en la conducción del proceso de desarrollo.
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Aused, José María. "Desarrollo y Teoría Desarrollista en la Argentina." Cuadernos de H ideas 14, no. 14 (November 28, 2020): e031. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/23139048e031.
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La crisis económica mundial de 1929 propició en la Argentina el fin del modelo agroexportador y la gestación de un nuevo modelo, de industrialización por sustitución de importaciones. A partir de la década de 1950, siendo la premisa fundamental que la edificación de una estructura industrial integrada y el crecimiento económico debían ser deliberadamente promovidos, la idea del desarrollo fue el objeto de referencia común para argumentos, análisis y prescripciones distintas dentro del pensamiento social y económico argentino. El objetivo de este trabajo es indagar sobre esta idea en el pensamiento de Raúl Prebisch y Rogelio Frigerio, a través de algunas discusiones teóricas que marcaron un enriquecedor contrapunto entre ellos y, al mismo tiempo, con dos representantes del pensamiento nacional popular como Arturo Jauretche y John William Cooke.
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Levalle, Sebastián. "Recetas contra el conjuro: los estilos de desarrollo en el Uruguay contemporáneo y los debates sobre el desarrollo latinoamericano (1973-2014)." Diálogos Revista Electrónica 19, no. 1 (December 5, 2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/dre.v19i1.30531.
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Desde el comienzo de la década de 1950, el Secretario General de la CEPAL, Raúl Prebisch, alertó sobre el deterioro de los términos del intercambio que afectaba a los países del subcontinente en función del mayor crecimiento de la demanda de productos manufacturados importados con respecto a la de bienes primarios a exportar. El aporte prebischeano al mensaje de la industrialización prefiguró una serie de debates que las ciencias sociales latinoamericanas comenzaron a darse en los años 1960/70. En dichos intercambios sedimentó un conjunto de conceptos explicativos de la realidad latinoamericana que en los trabajos posteriores fueron relegados a un segundo plano. Frente a esta amnesia recurrente en el pensamiento de nuestros países creemos pertinente analizar los principales estilos de desarrollo del Uruguay entre 1974 y 2014 desde aquellos debates fundantes de las ciencias sociales latinoamericanas. En primer lugar, analizaremos la configuración de un estilo de desarrollo dependiente, concentrador y excluyente desde 1973 hasta el 2004. En un segundo momento, analizaremos las características de las políticas económicas y sociales implementadas por los gobiernos del Frente Amplio (2005-2014).
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Praxedes, Darlan. "Raúl Prebisch y la vida cultural tucumana." Prismas - Revista de historia intelectual 24, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.48160/18520499prismas24.1129.
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Este artículo reconstruye el milieu familiar y social del economista Raúl Prebisch e investiga la formación cultural de excelencia que recibió en la próspera y cosmopolita provincia de Tucumán, donde nació y vivió hasta los 17 años. Los datos recogidos permiten concluir que el éxito de la carrera de Prebisch entre los años 1920 y 1940 en Buenos Aires no se explica satisfactoriamente si no se tiene en cuenta la activación de su origen patricio y el amplio horizonte intelectual que adquirió en las instituciones culturales de Tucumán. Al analizar la trayectoria de Prebisch desde otro punto de partida y otra mirada, el texto contribuye a la discusión aún abierta sobre las diferentes y controvertidas fases de la vida del economista.
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Akindjo, Oniankpo. "The Politics of Frenchness in Colonial Algeria, 1930-1954 (review)." Research in African Literatures 36, no. 2 (2005): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ral.2005.0104.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Raúl (1950-....)"
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Santini, Benoît. "Le discours poétique de Raúl Zurita : entre silence et engagement manifeste dans le Chili des années 1975-2000." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10046.
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"Le discours poétique de Raúl Zurita : entre silence et engagement manifeste dans le Chili des années 1975-2000 propose une vision des poèmes et recueils de l'auteur chilien, né en 1950 (sic), en nous centrant sur le silence et l'engagement, véritables procédés discursifs et mécanismes de dénonciation. Notre thèse sera étayée d'un corpus de recueils, ainsi que d'analyses de poèmes rigoureusement sélectionnés. Nous proposons des définitions terminologiques et méthodologiques et donnerons des exemples de poètes latino-américains, puis plus particulièrement chiliens représentatifs d'une écriture engagée et parfois empreinte de silence. Nous avons divisé notre thèse en trois parties : "Le poète Raúl Zurita et les conditions de sa production", "les combats de Raúl Zurita : conceptions et oeuvres", "Dualité et complémentarité de l'engagement et du silence". Nous en conclurons que le silence et l'engagement sont des mécanismes scripturaux qui deviennent un principe d'écriture chez l'auteur. "
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Pacheco, Vélez César. "Raúl Porras Barrenechea (1897-1960)." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114239.
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Jintamanaskoon, Santi. "Privatization and industry reform : an historical case study of British Rail 1960-1980." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/privatization-and-industry-reform-an-historical-case-study-of-british-rail-1960--1980(7ff0068b-9143-4605-bc09-242e77f205b4).html.
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Drawing on institutional perspective – institutional change, institutional legitimacy and the three institutional pillars – this doctoral study is developed to disentangle a complexity of successive industry reforms that have shaped a development of British railways in general and a growing idea of a railway privatization in particular. This adds to the body of knowledge, which so far has tended to focus on enhancing the sector’s performance outcomes, by arguing that performance improvement is not a whole story of the railway’s privatization. Indeed, as an archival research in British railway’s reform (1960s - 1980s) has revealed, a growing idea of a private sector’s involvement was constructed as the governments at the times sought to draw and (re-) draw boundaries among interest groups in order for British railways to de-lock from a historical development path of nationalization industry. Furthermore, the study also found that the idea of privatization was dynamically legitimized and maintained by the government’s reform agenda that blended a performance rationale with political and socio-economic conditions of British railway at the times. Indeed, this historical-institutional analysis in British railway’s reform suggests that a privatization of British railways is more socially and politically complex than generally understood as the government’s attempt in making an efficient railway sector. As such, in order to advance this field of study both academic scholars and the industry practitioners should pay more attention on the influence of institutional dynamics that shapes a performing of British railway rather than narrowly focusing a performance improvement issue.
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Guillerm, Gérard. "Alfonsín et Menem, présidents de l'Argentine : étude de la dimention charismatique du système politique argentin de 1983 à 1995." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030097.
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Les leaderships d'Affonsin et de Menem renvoient à un type d'autorité qui, en politique, a été qualifié, notamment dans l'acception wébérienne, de "charismatique". Le cas argentin délimité par les dates de 1983 -retour de la démocratie avec l'élection d'Alfonsin- et de 1989 -alternance politique avec l'élection de Menem-, est, à̧ cet égard, singulier. D'une part, par le fait que l'attestation charismatique d'Alfonsin et de Menem se manifeste dans le cadre de la démocratie retrouvée à quelque six années d'intervalle. D'autre part, par le fait qu'elle met en lumière des stratégies de changement qui sont réputées liées à ce type d'autorité conceptualisé par Weber. .The leaderships of Alfonsin and Menem refer to a type of authority which, in the political field, was qualified, principally in the weberian acception, of "charismatic". The argentinian case delimited by the dates of 1983 -return of democracy with the election of Alfonsin- and 1989 -political change with the election of Menem- appears, from this point of view, as singular. On one hand, we can observe that the charismatic attestation of Alfonsin and Menem shows itself in the mark of the reappeared democracy in a space of approximately six years only. On the other hand, this charismatic attestation reveals strategies of change which are considered as connected to this ideal-type which Weber has conceptualizde. .
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Macedo, Bernardo Gouthier. "As ideias de Raul Prebisch sobre a industrialização periferica (1949-1954)." [s.n.], 1994. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286308.
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Orientador: Sergio SilvaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-19T05:08:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Macedo_BernardoGouthier_M.pdf: 4167322 bytes, checksum: 5d4251c9550a656cd515f00bf4b9ebfd (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994
Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed.
Mestrado
Mestre em Economia
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Frontini, Antognazza Pablo. "Arquitectura moderna y calidad urbana. La obra de Raúl Sichero en torno al edificio Ciudadela (1958-1962)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/134598.
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The main reason that explains the structure of this thesis is simple: the personal archive af one of the most important architects of Latin America, with works by over half a million square meters, has been lost almost entirely. The historical error that would have meant to lose a material with extraordinary value, not only for Uruguay, but for anyone with an interest in architecture, is what this thesis attempts to rectify, if only partially. Recovering from the past the architectural heritage which represents a substantial part of the cultural identity of the country, and make it available at present, has been the crucial objective of these years of research. The value of the thesis is essentially graphic and, conceptual scaffolds, are just footnotes that collaborate in the structuring and presentation of the first.
The main motivation was to try to explain the high quality that have reached several urban areas in Uruguay, formed exclusively, or mostly, by modern architecture. Assumed the decline of the archive, we decided to choose one of its most important buildings and face its graphic reconstruction, based on current and vintage photographs, old photographs of models and site surveys. The "Ciudadela" was selected, at first, because it is considered as one of the buildings with higher design quality in Montevideo.
However, I realized that an invaluable resource could be included , that any archive would be able to equal: the commitment of the author of the work, Raul Sichero, to accompany me during graphic reconstruction, from the beginning. The idea of starting this project from the initial premises of the author, without untestable hypotheses, was what led me to extend the thesis to other works. Sichero not only accepted the proposal, but intensified the inltial timetable than we had provided. Sichero's participation was not reduced to visit, review and re-design his buildings, but also has modified subtly some features that did not completely convinced him in the ¡nitial project. This thesis is therefore - besides the reconstruction of a sustancial part of the missing file of an architect who is essential to understand the history of domest¡c architecture Uruguay - the reelaboration of a piece of his work, with graphic tools that allowed him to transform some of its projects and, in some cases, to propose an improved alternative.
Consequently, this work was no longer an unfeasible task of collecting historical data, to become its opposite: the active reelaboration, together with the author, of a lost graphic archive, starting from the finished work.
On some occasions Sichero studied alternative solutions for his projects, which converged in several lines of formal evolution. The analysis of some versions developed simultaneously with the built version, serves to illustrate the fundamental determinations that structured the final proposals.
Even though the fact that it was essential to have the main author of the buidings in Uruguay, close to the investigation, the arguments for increasing the graphic archive were clear. It was, therefore, necessary to travel to Buenos Aires, to Mario Roberto Alvarez 's office, with the aim of expanding the information of several buildings, which had been produced in partnership, in Punta del Este.
The thesis will pivot, in summary, around buildings or projects that have been reconstructed in graphic terms, and has been extended to those that were documented only through vintage photographs or by others taken by the author. What constitutes the core of the research, is profusely detailed in graphic terms and commented, on a subsidiary basis, under the logic in which they were treated by the architect, avoiding the distortion of the conceptual center of his thoughts. These always serve visual reasons, supported with technical arguments, that conclude in the specific building, bul also in the gradual construction of the clties in which was able to operate
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Castro, Carlos Eduardo Binato de. "Paredes modernas : o Museu de Belas Artes de Caracas e o Sesc Pompeia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/186178.
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Esta dissertação pretende investigar, por meio de análise comparativa entre a segunda expansão do Museu de Belas Artes de Caracas – MBAC (1966-76), de Carlos Raúl Villanueva, e o bloco esportivo do Sesc Pompeia (1976-86), de Lina Bo Bardi, o uso da parede portante em concreto armado como solução estrutural em arquiteturas de porte especial desenvolvidas na América Latina na segunda metade do século XX. A seleção desses dois exemplares, dentre os que compõem o extenso e relevante corpo de trabalho de Villanueva e Bo Bardi, deve-se ao fato de ambos valerem-se do uso do concreto armado em paredes portantes e lajes nervuradas que vencem vãos não usuais, superpostas em mais de um pavimento. Apesar de bastante publicados, tanto Museu quanto Sesc carecem de representações completas e precisas. Este trabalho busca preencher essa lacuna por meio da apresentação inédita dos projetos executivos dos dois edifícios – plantas baixas, cortes, elevações e perspectivas isométricas, redesenhados com base nos documentos originais. Além disso, a presente pesquisa busca aproximar as duas obras por meio de análise aprofundada e comparativa, acompanhada por farto material iconográfico, a fim de traçar possíveis paralelos entre as produções arquitetônicas desenvolvidas na Venezuela e no Brasil durante o século XX. O trabalho não almeja esgotar as possibilidades de interpretação dessas arquiteturas, mas sim explorar determinadas questões que possam servir de base para eventuais estudos futuros, enquanto auxilia no reconhecimento e na documentação dos exemplares em questão.This dissertation aims to investigate, through a comparative analysis between the second expansion of the Museum of Fine Arts of Caracas – MBAC (1966-76), by Carlos Raúl Villanueva, and the Sesc Pompeia sports squad (1976-86), by Lina Bo Bardi, the use of the load-bearing wall in reinforced concrete as a structural solution in large scale architectures developed in Latin America in the second half of the 20th century. The selection of these two projects, within Villanueva and Bo Bardi’s extensive and relevant body of work, is due to the fact that both use the reinforced concrete in load-bearing walls and coffered slabs with unusual spans, in high-rise buildings. Although widely published, both Museum and Sesc lack complete and accurate representations. This work seeks to fill this gap through the unprecedented presentation of the executive projects of the two buildings – floor plans, sections, elevations and isometric perspectives, redrawn based on the original documents. In addition, the present research seeks to bring the two works closer together through in-depth and comparative analysis, accompanied by abundant iconographic material, in order to compare the architectural productions developed in Venezuela and Brazil during the 20th century. This work does not seek to exhaust the possibilities of interpretation of these architectures, but rather to explore certain questions that may serve as a basis for future studies, while helping to recognize and document the two buildings.
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Pedrosa, Patrícia Santos. "Habitar em Portugal nos anos 1960: ruptura e antecedentes. Un caminho pelo interior do discurso." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6823.
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El objetivo de la presente investigación es entender, a través del análisis de los discursos sobre el habitar, el pasar del tiempo en el interior de la arquitectura doméstica portuguesa, durante la década de 1960. Después de numerosas convulsiones políticas en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, Portugal empieza en 1928 un periodo que originará el Estado Novo y que implicará más de cuatro décadas de un régimen en el que el dictador, António de Oliveira Salazar, ha tenido un rol principal. En este contexto, los papeles de la familia, de la mujer y de la vivienda van sufriendo cambios a los que los arquitectos no son indiferentes y con los cuales se relacionan de modo heterogéneo.En la primera parte del trabajo son analizados dos momentos precedentes esenciales para la comprensión de los años 1960. El primero se inicia en la transición del siglo XIX al XX y se organiza alrededor de la figura del arquitecto Raul Lino y de la discusión de la "casa portuguesa". Además del análisis efectuado sobre el concepto de habitar, subyacente a los distintos trabajos publicados por este arquitecto, se cruzan sus propuestas con las de otros autores menos relevantes. Se trabajó igualmente los proyectos de vivienda colectiva de Lino, intentado reconocer en ellos sus intenciones predefinidas con respecto al habitar. En relación con este periodo se identifican, además de otras cuestiones, la de la transición del paradigma unifamiliar a la vivienda colectiva, así como las intuiciones, presentes o no dependiendo de los autores, cercanas a una perspectiva antropológica del habitar. Como segundo conjunto de producciones anteriores, surgen los textos de Francisco Keil do Amaral, Fernando Távora y Manuel Vicente Moreira, así como las propuestas presentadas al 1.º Congresso da Arquitectura Portuguesa (1948), en el grupo dedicado al tema de la vivienda.
En la segunda parte de esta investigación se construye un entendimiento sobre la ruptura que la década de 1960 representa para la reflexión sobre la arquitectura doméstica portuguesa, a través de los distintos textos producidos por arquitectos y otros técnicos directamente implicados en estas preocupaciones. La madurez y el rigor implicados en la generalidad de los trabajos producidos surgen asociados a una profunda atención a la realidad. Es reconocible, en una línea con raíces anteriores, el deseo de mejorar en la acción del proyecto para que sea posible producir un habitar digno y valorizador del vivir doméstico. Ya en los primeros años del siglo, la arquitectura como producción deseablemente antropocentrada se podía encontrar el las propuestas de Raul Lino; pero, en los años 1960, la preocupación es objetivamente la vivienda colectiva. Así, la familia anónima que es necesario mapear se va a caracterizar, principalmente, a través de la cuantificación. Las distintas acciones de la teoría, de la crítica y, más tardíamente, de la historia, empiezan a hacerse con creciente complicidad con el proyecto. La búsqueda de la cientificidad, de la transdisciplinariedad y la idea de la Arquitectura como conocimiento encuentran eco en los múltiples discursos en los que los arquitectos pasan a ser parte activa.
The following research entails both an effort to single out any significant changes in Portuguese residential architecture during the 1960's and the ensuing discourses that took place along with it. From 1928 on and in the aftermath of the many political convolutions of the first two decades, Portugal enters a period in its history called Estado Novo, a period in which dictator Oliveira Salazar plays a major role for more than forty years. During this time, the role bestowed to the family, to women and the housing unit itself will suffer changes that were eventually addressed by architects in many different ways.
The first part of this study will engage an analysis of two previous key moments, required for any understanding of the 1960's. The very first of these starts at the turn of the century and revolves both around the figure of architect Raul Lino and the concept of "casa portuguesa". In addition to Raul Lino's inquiries on the subject of the single-family home, manifest in the various of his published works, there will be a chance to engage less known authors as well. At this point, Lino's several apartment building projects will be contrasted with his thoughts on the subject of residential architecture. Among other issues, the observable change of focus from the single-family home to the apartment complex will be taken into account. It will also be questioned whether or not any of the authors engaged in the debate were anything close to holding an anthropological inkling when dealing with this subject. A second cluster of documents addressed in this research comprises several texts from Francisco Keil do Amaral, Fernando Távora and Manuel Vicente Moreira, all forerunner to our period of focus. There will be yet time to introduce the concluding remarks of the working group dedicated to the housing issue at the 1st Congress of Portuguese Architecture (1948).
The second part of this research attempts a thorough insight of the significant changes brought by the 1960's into the subject of residential architecture in Portugal, accomplished in part with the help of a number of texts from architects and other professionals engaged in this issue at the time. The majority of the documents produced in this period show a degree of complexity and thoroughness by no means unrelated with an increased awareness of the problems themselves. Rooted in previous events somehow, it is easily recognized a genuine wish to improve the project stage in order to accommodate the proper articulation of a dignified habitat that can value domestic life. If a concept of anthropocentric architecture can be found in Raul Lino already at the dawn of the century, the apartment block is the prevailing issue by the 1960's. Consequently, the anonymous family is now subjected to quantification. The various distinct fields of theory or criticism and history later on, are now complicit with the project itself. The search for a scientific bearing, as well as more transdiciplinarity, the very idea of Architecture as knowledge, reverberate in a multitude of discourses fashioned perhaps for the first time by architects themselves.
O objectivo da presente investigação consiste em entender, através da análise dos discursos sobre o habitar, o passar do tempo no interior da arquitectura doméstica portuguesa, até ao final da década de 1960. Depois de diversas convulsões políticas nas primeiras décadas do século XX, Portugal inicia em 1928 um período que dará origem ao Estado Novo e que implicará mais de quatro décadas de um regime no qual o ditador, António de Oliveira Salazar, desempenhou o papel fulcral. Neste contexto, os papéis da família, da mulher e da casa vão sofrendo alterações às quais os arquitectos não ficam indiferentes e com as quais se relacionaram de modo diverso.
Na primeira parte do estudo, são identificados dois momentos antecessores essenciais para a compreensão dos anos 1960. O primeiro inicia se na passagem do século XIX para o XX e organiza-se em torno da figura do arquitecto Raul Lino e da discussão da "casa portuguesa". Para além da análise realizada sobre o conceito de habitar, subjacente aos diversos trabalhos publicados por este arquitecto, cruzam-se as suas propostas com as de outros autores menos relevantes. Foram igualmente comentados os projectos de habitação colectiva de Lino, tentando reconhecer neles reflexos do habitar reclamado. Relativamente a este período levantam-se, entre outras questões, a da passagem do paradigma unifamiliar para o da habitação colectiva e as intuições, presentes ou não consoante os autores, próximas de uma perspectiva antropológica do habitar. Como segundo grupo de produções antecessoras, são trabalhados textos de Francisco Keil do Amaral, Fernando Távora e Manuel Vicente Moreira, assim como as propostas apresentadas ao 1.º Congresso da Arquitectura Portuguesa (1948), no grupo de trabalho dedicado ao tema da habitação.
Na segunda parte do presente estudo, propõe-se construir um entendimento sobre a ruptura que a década de 1960 representa para a reflexão sobre a arquitectura doméstica portuguesa, através das múltiplas escritas, produzidas por arquitectos e por outros técnicos directamente implicados nestas preocupações. O amadurecimento e a rigor colocados na generalidade dos trabalhos produzidos acontecem associados a uma profunda atenção à realidade. É reconhecível, numa linha com raízes anteriores, o desejo de melhorarem a acção projectual para que seja possível produzir um habitar digno e valorizador do viver doméstico. Já no início do século, a arquitectura como produção desejavelmente antropocentrada podia ser encontrada nas propostas de Raul Lino; desta vez, porém, a preocupação é objectivamente a da habitação colectiva. Assim, a família anónima a mapear passa a ser caracterizada através, principalmente, da quantificação. As acções distintas da teoria, da crítica e, mais tardiamente, da história, começam a acontecer em crescente cumplicidade com o projecto. A procura da cientificidade, da transdisciplinariedade e a ideia da Arquitectura como conhecimento encontram eco nos múltiplos discursos de que os arquitectos passam a ser parte activa.
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Loft, Edward Charles. "One big row : Government and the railways, 1951-64." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1999. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/28947.
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This thesis places the work of Dr Richard Beeching as Chairman of the British Railways Board in the context of Government policy towards the nationalised railways 1951-64, and examines the popular myth that Beeching and the Minister who appointed him, Ernest Marples, initiated a policy of railway closures and contraction. The thesis argues that Beeching's appointment and policies need to be seen in the context of the failure of Government policy towards the railways during the 1950s. The background to the Transport Act, 1953 is analysed. It is argued that, through this Act, the Government increased competition in the transport field, but was unwilling to accept, and unprepared for, the logical consequences of this change. The discussion of the Government's subsequent policy towards the railways during the 1950s argues that by intervening in industrial relations and price-setting, Ministers not only forced the railways into the red, but hampered their own efforts to encourage the industry to increase its efficiency. Government involvement in industrial relations, price-setting, investment and the withdrawal of unremunerative services is discussed. The Government's tougher approach to railway finances after 1959 (apparent in the 1962 Transport Act, tighter supervision of investment and the closure programme under Beeching) is placed in two contexts. Firstly, the growing recognition within Whitehall that the rise of road transport would limit the railways' future role. Secondly, the reform of the relationship between government and the nationalised industries in general. This discussion leads to a re-evaluation of Marples' significance, and a rejection of the view that Beeching's closure programme arose from a study of the railways in isolation from transport as a whole. Finally, the presentation and implementation of Beeching's closure programme until the 1964 General Election is discussed. The thesis argues that the social and economic consequences of closures were not ignored.
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Brandalise, Anna Carolina. "O intelectual Raul Gomes e suas práticas discursivas na imprensa : narrativas sobre educação, arte e cultura no Paraná (1907-1950)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/45930.
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Orientadora: Profª. Drª. Dulce Regina Baggio OsinskiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação. Defesa: Curitiba, 30/09/2016
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Linha de pesquisa: Historia e historiografia
Resumo: Este trabalho versa sobre as práticas narrativas do intelectual, professor e jornalista paranaense Raul Rodrigues Gomes (1889-1975), que se utilizou principalmente da imprensa para disseminar seus ideais e mobilizar a sociedade em favor da educação, da arte e da cultura, no Paraná, no período entre 1907 e 1950. Gomes escreveu nos jornais A República, Diário da Tarde, Gazeta do Povo, dentre outros e foi correspondente dos Estados de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro. Foi utilizada a imprensa periódica como fonte principal, a partir do conceito ambivalente do jornal como fonte e tema de pesquisa para a História da Educação, proposto por Vieira (2007). Um dos principais referenciais teóricos é Bourdieu (1974), pela noção de teoria praxiológica - que contempla a inter-relação entre os conceitos de habitus, campo e capital, e de trajetória, para analisar a formação familiar e social desse agente intelectual. O termo intelectual foi utilizado no contexto proposto por Gramsci (2004), que os classifica como organizadores e interventores da cultura na sociedade, para embasar a hipótese de Gomes como um deles. Esta pesquisa aborda a trajetória de Gomes, desde as influências estruturadas pela família ao contexto social da formação professoral e jornalística e este trabalho contribui para trazer à tona essa personalidade que agiu em prol do aparelhamento cultural e do engajamento, a favor das causas educacionais brasileiras no período mencionado. Como resultado, a análise de seus textos colabora para a diagramação do cenário educacional e cultural paranaense, entre as décadas de 1910 a 1960 no Paraná, colocando-o ao lado de outros intelectuais relevantes. Gomes marcou presença ativa na cena cultural paranaense até o ano de sua morte, em 1975, utilizando a imprensa para empreender campanhas a favor do aparelhamento cultural do Paraná e debater as políticas educacionais empreendidas pelos governos de Estado. Palavras-chave: Intelectuais, Imprensa e Educação, Modernidade, História da Educação no Paraná.
Abstract: With this research, we aim to analyse the speeches of Raul Rodrigues Gomes (1889-1975), who was at the same time, an intellectual, educator and journalist, from the State of Paraná. The author used mainly the press to spread his ideals and mobilize the society towards education, art and culture, in the state he was born, between 1907 to the 1950's. Gomes wrote for the newspapers A República, Diário da Tarde, Gazeta do Povo, among others, and was a correspondent from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The periodical press was used in this research as the main source to analyse his speeches. From the ambivalent conception of the newspaper concomitantly as a source and as a way of knowledge, proposed by Vieira (2007), this study shows itself as relevant to the History of Education. One of the main theoretical framework is Bourdieu's praxiological theory notion (1974), to analyze the relevance of Gomes' social and family formation. The term intellectual, proposed by Gramsci (2004), as a organizer and interventor of culture in society, ground the thesis that Raul Gomes was one of them. This research also forms a trajectory, since the influences structured by the family, to the social context of professorial and journalistic training. This work helps to bring up this agent, who worked for Brazilian's cultural engagement and for the educational causes, in that mentioned period. As a result, the analysis of his texts contributes to create a layout of Paraná's educational and cultural scene, between the decades from 1910 to 1960, placing it alongside other relevant intellectuals' studies. Gomes was present in Paraná cultural scene until the year of his death, in 1975, and he used the press to undertake campaigns in benefit for the Paraná's cultural chain, and discuss educational policies undertaken by state governments. Keywords: Intellectual, Media and Education, Modernity, History of Education in Paraná.
Books on the topic "Raúl (1950-....)"
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Soldi, Raúl. Raúl Soldi (1905-1994). Buenos Aires: Colección Alvear de Zurbarán, 2000.
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1920-, Powell A. J., and Treacy Eric d. 1978, eds. Treacy's British Rail. Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles, 2002.
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North Carolina. Public Transportation and Rail Division. North Carolina rail plan update, 1990. Raleigh: North Carolina Dept. of Transportation, Public Transportation and Rail Division, 1990.
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Meyer, Carlos Infante. Hospital Nacional de Maternidad "Dr. Raúl Argüello Escolán": 1953-2003. [San Salvador?]: Laboratorios López, 2003.
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Barrenechea, Raúl Porras. Raúl Porras Barrenechea, Luis Alberto Sánchez Sánchez: Pensamiento político 1956-1968. Lima: CILSE, Senado de la República, 1991.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Raúl (1950-....)"
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Roy, Joaquín. "Waiting for Fidel and Raúl." In The Cuban Revolution (1959–2009), 129–64. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230101364_5.
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Młyńczak, Jakub, Andrzej Toruń, and Lucyna Bester. "European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS)." In Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 217–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19150-8_7.
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Reid, Carlton. "From Victory Bikes to Rail Trails (1940–1969)." In Bike Boom, 51–66. Washington, DC: Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-817-6_3.
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Beckett, Derrick. "The Centenary of the Forth Rail Bridge (1890–1990)." In Bridge Management, 3–15. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7232-3_1.
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Griffin, D., and G. Bearfield. "The use of design targets in harmonisation of safety management in the European rail industry." In Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice, 1299–305. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315374987-195.
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Wells-Cole, Anthony. "Amalia van Solm’s Lost Japanese Lacquer Bed-Rail: Form and Decoration." In Investigation and Conservation of East Asian Cabinets in Imperial Residences (1700-1900), 41–52. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/9783205201922-003.
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Breslauer, George W. "Cuba’s Indigenous Revolution, 1959–1970." In The Rise and Demise of World Communism, 170–80. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197579671.003.0025.
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Fidel Castro, his brother Raul, and Che Guevara prosecuted a guerrilla war that brought them to power in January 1959. They were socialist in orientation, but not yet faithful to a communist party. US hostility to the new regime’s policies of nationalization of industries controlled by US companies led to intensification of political controls and the seeking of external protection and assistance from Moscow. The Cuban Missile Crisis brought to a head the issue of US determination to overthrow the Castro regime, but also led the superpowers to the brink of war.
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Inouye, Melissa Wei-Tsing. "A Smaller, Bigger World (1905–1917)." In China and the True Jesus, 57–85. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923464.003.0003.
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The introduction of new printing, steamship, rail, and telegraph technologies to China increased global awareness and supported universalistic thinking. These new technologies facilitated both the spread of charismatic ideas and organizational processes to protect and propagate these ideas. The international Pentecostal movement in the early twentieth century arose not only from the inherent popularity of charismatic practices and theologies but also from new logistical capabilities in popularizing these practices worldwide, such as mass mechanized printing, telegraph and rail lines, and transpacific steamship travel. This global openness that began with the great transnational missionary organizations of the nineteenth century became more accessible to ordinary people by the first decades of the twentieth century, allowing the Norwegian American Pentecostal missionary Bernt Berntsen to influence the religious worldview of Wei Enbo, who later founded the True Jesus Church.
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Turnbull, Gerard L. "Rail, Road and Reconstruction, 1900-33." In Traffic and Transport, 146–65. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367351946-8.
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Armstrong, John. "The Role of Coastal Shipping in UK Transport: An Estimate of Comparative Traffic Movements in 1910." In The Vital Spark, 243–60. Liverpool University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780986497308.003.0013.
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This chapter aims to estimate the amount of work performed by the coastal shipping industry in 1910 in relation to the rail and canal transport counterparts. It examines the services offered by the coastal industry in this period that the railway could not provide - such as ferrying to remote regions such as the Isle of Man, Isle of Wight, and Scottish islands. It compares and contrasts rail, canal, and coastal services by examining freight traffic; coal shipping; bills of entry; the Royal Commission on Canals; steamship company records; and Parliamentary papers to paint an accurate picture of the British transport industry in the pre-war period. It concludes that the shipping distribution in 1910 was fifty-nine percent coastal; thirty-nine percent rail, and two percent canal - and insists that coastal and canal shipping should not be paired together when discussing the rise of the railway as they were fundamentally distinct.
Conference papers on the topic "Raúl (1950-....)"
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Iden, Michael E. "Battery Electric Locomotives & Battery Tenders: Operational & Infrastructure Challenges to Widespread Adoption." In 2021 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2021-58378.
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Abstract The potential use of large storage batteries to provide onboard propulsion energy for freight railroads is gaining significant attention. Even though at least 126 Battery Electric Locomotives have been tested, built and operated in the U.S. since 1920, diesel-electric locomotives remain dominant. Several new Battery Electric Locomotives (BELs) are entering operation in the U.S., Brazil and Germany, including a 2.4 MWh experimental BEL for over-the-road service and a 2.4 MWh BEL for switching service. An alternative approach is the use of Battery Tenders (BTs) to provide supplemental power to modified AC diesel-electric locomotives (the Tender supplements or temporarily replaces the carbon-emitting diesel engine power plant). Any significant shift from diesel-electric to battery propulsion by freight railroads will be as complex and disruptive as their conversion from steam to diesel-electric locomotives between 1940 and 1960. Commercial adoption of battery propulsion is not readily guaranteed, and several barriers to use must be overcome. This paper identifies and investigates some of those barriers.
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Iden, Michael E. "2019 Nominations for ASME Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark Status: Rail Transportation Category." In 2020 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2020-8056.
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Abstract The ASME Rail Transportation Division submitted five nominations in 2019 for ASME Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark status. The nominations are for examples of significant railway technologies involving mechanical engineering and built between 1920 and 1964: 1. SBB 14253 “Crocodile” locomotive (1920): pioneering electric heavy-duty Swiss mountain locomotive, with pioneering features found in many subsequent electric locomotives. 2. Winton 8-201 prototype diesel engine (1933): only surviving of two experimental engines which preceded all GM-Electro-Motive 2-stroke cycle diesel engines for locomotives and other applications; first locomotive diesel engine with lightweight welded steel crankcase and unitized fuel injectors. 3. B&O 50 locomotive (1935): sole surviving example of the first (5) standalone, modular, non-articulated high-speed diesel locomotives from Electro-Motive, functional prototypes for the later “E” passenger and “FT” freight locomotives. 4. Cooper-Bessemer prototype diesel engine (1953): sole surviving example of (4) predecessor 4-stroke cycle diesel engines built for GE Transportation for field test locomotives prior to GE becoming a domestic locomotive manufacturer. 5. SP 9010 locomotive (1964): sole surviving example of (21) experimental German-built diesel locomotives for heavy-duty US mountain railroad operation using a hydromechanical torque converter transmission instead of electric traction motors; proved concept of higher-power and improved wheel-to-rail adhesion. All five nominations were submitted to the ASME national History & Heritage Committee for review. This paper provides a description of each nomination and the status of each proposed railroad Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark.
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Iden, Michael E. "U.S. Freight Rail Fuel Efficiency: 1920-2015 Review and Discussion of Future Trends." In 2019 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2019-1296.
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U.S. freight railroads produce about 40 percent of freight gross ton-miles while consuming only about 1/20th of the total U.S. diesel fuel1. Compared to heavy-duty trucks, freight railroads have significant energy (and emissions) advantages including the low coefficient of friction of steel wheel-on-rail (compared to rubber tires-on-pavement) and multiple-vehicle trains. However, improved heavy-duty truck technologies are being federally-funded and developed which may create some challenges to freight rail’s long-standing environmental (and economic) advantage in certain transportation markets and corridors. This paper reviews U.S. freight rail fuel efficiency (measured in gallons of fuel per thousand gross ton-miles) from 1920 to 2015, using published records from the former Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) archived and made available by the Association of American Railroads (AAR). All freight locomotive energy consumption (all types of coal, crude oil, electricity kilowatt-hours and diesel fuel) are converted into approximations of diesel gallons equivalent based on the nominal energy content of each locomotive energy type, in order to show the effect of transitioning from steam propulsion to diesel-electric prior to 1960 and the application of other new technologies after World War II. Gross ton-miles (rail transportation work performed) will similarly be tracked from historic ICC and AAR records. Annual U.S. freight rail fuel efficiency is calculated and plotted by dividing total calculated diesel gallons equivalent (DGe) consumed by gross (and by lading-only net) ton-miles produced. New technologies introduced since 1950 which have likely contributed to improvements in freight rail fuel efficiency (such as introduction of unit coal trains, distributed power, alternating current locomotives, etc) will also be discussed and assessed as to relative contribution to fuel efficiency improvements. The paper includes a discussion about U.S. freight rail fuel efficiency compared to heavy-duty truck fuel efficiency, with comments on projected improvements in heavy-duty truck technologies and fuel efficiency. A conclusion is that U.S. freight railroads and equipment suppliers need to be more aware of projected heavy-duty truck fuel efficiency improvements and their potential for erosion of some aspects of traditional railroad competitiveness. Numerous suggested action plans are discussed, with particular focus on reducing the aerodynamic drag (a delta velocity-squared factor in train resistance and power requirement) of double-stack container trains. Last, this paper discusses possible courses of action for U.S. freight railroads to achieve fuel efficiency improvements greater than the historic ∼1 percent improvement achieved over the past 50 years. If freight rail is to remain economically competitive vis a vis heavy duty trucking, railroads will have to identify, evaluate and implement new technologies and/or new operating practices which can help them achieve fuel efficiency improvements matching (or exceeding) those projected for heavy trucks over the next 7-to-12 years. A specific example for improving fuel efficiency of double-stack container trains is discussed. Failure to address the future of freight rail fuel efficiency is likely not an option for U.S. railroads.
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Iden, Michael, and Peter French. "Crashworthiness Progress: U.S. Freight Locomotives, 1990-2014." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5615.
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The design of freight locomotives for U.S. railroads began changing in late-1990 with the introduction of the first industry crashworthiness standard for the front nose of newly-manufactured freight. Between 1990 and 2008, that industry standard was revised and upgraded four times. In 1995 an industry standard for the crashworthiness of fuel tanks mounted underneath newly-manufactured freight locomotives was also introduced. Effective at the end of 2008, both of the industry standards were incorporated by reference into a new U.S. federal regulation mandating crashworthiness features on newly-manufactured locomotives effective with deliveries to railroads in 2009. In addition to the crashworthiness-specific design changes, in 1992 and 1993 both of the major U.S. locomotive manufacturers introduced new designs for the attachment of the truck (bogie) assemblies to locomotive underframes; these changes were to facilitate the use of new trucks (bogies) producing higher adhesion for greater tractive effort. The “deep traction pin” designs also had a positive effect on the crashworthiness of new fuel tanks by reducing the chance of truck separation from the underframe (and impacting the fuel tank) during accidents. The changes cited here were for newly-manufactured freight locomotives, with retrofit to older locomotives impossible or extremely difficult to accomplish with similar results. This paper briefly reviews the introduction of the crashworthiness features described, and also offers the first retrospective look at (a) how extensively the evolving crashworthiness features have reached across the U.S. freight locomotive fleet (through acquisition of newly-manufactured freight locomotives) and (b) attempts to measure the effectiveness of the various crashworthiness design changes in saving lives and reducing injuries of in-cab railroad employees. It is believed that this paper is the first and only assessment to date of cumulative U.S. freight locomotive crashworthiness progress and its statistical impact on locomotive crew safety since the early 2000’s.
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Rose, Jerry G., Paulo Fonseca Teixeira, and Nathan E. Ridgway. "Utilization of Asphalt/Bituminous Layers and Coatings in Railway Trackbeds: A Compendium of International Applications." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36146.
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During the past thirty years the use of a layer(s) of hot-mix asphalt pavement within railway track structures has steadily increased until it is becoming a common consideration or practice for specific conditions and areas in several countries throughout the world. This practice augments, and for certain designs replace, the traditional granular support materials. It is considered to be a premium trackbed design. The primary documented benefits are to provide additional support to improve load distributing capabilities of the trackbed components, decrease load-induced subgrade pressures, improve and control drainage, insure maintenance of specified track geometric properties for heavy tonnage freight lines and high-speed passenger lines, and decrease subsequent expenditures for trackbed maintenance and component replacement costs. The asphalt layer is normally used in combination with traditional granular layers to achieve various configurations. This paper presents a compendium of International Asphalt Trackbed Applications. The various factors are discussed that are considered in the design phases and subsequent performance-based tests and analyses. Illustrations include typical sectional views of the trackbed/roadbed components and thicknesses and photographs of construction and finished views for various asphalt trackbed applications in several countries. Following are brief accounts for selected significant international activities emphasizing high-speed and intercity passenger rail line applications. In the United States the use of asphalt trackbeds has steadily grown since the early 1980’s. It is primarily used for maintenance (cure-all) applications in existing tracks to improve trackbed performance and for new trackbed construction where the projected superior performance of asphalt trackbeds can be justified economically. Typically the asphalt layer is 15 cm thick and is topped with conventional ballast. This application does not deviate significantly from typical designs, except the asphalt is substituted for a portion of the granular support materials. Several other countries are actively involved with the construction of new segments or complete rail lines using asphalt (frequently termed – bituminous) trackbeds. For instance, Japan has used asphalt trackbeds on certain test sections for their high-speed rail lines since the 1960’s, but since the 1970’s asphalt trackbeds with ballast cover is a standard on newly constructed rail lines. The 5-cm thickness of asphalt primarily serves as a waterproofing layer and facilitates drainage. The Japanese believe that this will assist in reducing subsequent maintenance costs associated with ballast fouling from subgrade pumping. The Japanese have recently instigated a performance-rank design system. Asphalt trackbed designs are either required or are an option for the two premium trackbed performance ranks. Italy represents another country heavily involved with incorporating asphalt trackbeds in their rail lines. In the late 1970’s Italy placed test sections of both asphalt and concrete on their original Rome to Florence high-speed line. From the Italian perspective the asphalt out-performed the other test sections, leading to standards requiring the use of asphalt trackbeds on all newly constructed high-speed passenger rail lines. The typical asphalt layer thickness is 12 cm. Germany has focused on using asphalt for ballastless trackbed designs. The main asphalt track in use in Germany consists of concrete ties or slab track placed on a 26 to 30-cm thick layer of asphalt. Various designs are incorporated into the system. Recently France installed a 3-km test section of asphalt on their Paris to Strasbourg Eastbound High-Speed Line. The French are currently observing the effects of high-speed trains traversing various test sections to determine how beneficial the use of asphalt trackbeds will be for future high-speed passenger lines. The sections are heavily instrumented for analyzing numerous trackbed induced effects on ride quality and other aspects. Other countries, a recent addition includes Spain, are involved to varying degrees with the development of asphalt trackbed technology, particularly for high-speed and intercity passenger rail lines. Pertinent information and documentation of recent findings and results are included in the paper.
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Richmond, Shaun. "American Railroad Freight Cars: 100 Years of Progress, 1920-2020." In 2020 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2020-8107.
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Abstract This paper was written to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the ASME Rail Transportation Division, which was founded in 1920 and held its first meeting in St. Louis. It attempts to paint a picture of the U. S. railroad freight car and the engineering processes involved in its design and construction in 1920 and compare this with today’s designs and practices. Progress in freight car design has been evolutionary rather than revolutionary. The steel freight car had largely replaced its wooden predecessor by 1920 and the basic design of many cars was already in place. Exceptions being the Spine Car and the Well Car, which were entirely unknown in 1920. The Box Car has diminished greatly in importance and more specialized cars are now common. One important difference is that welding is now used extensively in freight car construction whereas in 1920 riveting was almost universal. An important change is the availability of electronic instrumentation to measure, record and analyze the load environment of cars. This has allowed the development of performance-based specifications and these have largely replaced the prescriptive standards used in 1920. CAD and FE analysis have revolutionized the way in which cars are designed, allowing much more refined analysis which has led to far lighter car designs. In 1920 virtually all Engineers were white men — this too is changing.
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Kesler, Kevin, and Alan Bing. "Railroad R&D 1970-2017: Key Events and Lessons Learned." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6180.
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This paper provides a review of me of the main themes in North American R&D and technology innovation from the 1970s through 2017. A chronological description identifies some of the principal developments in safety and performance over the years, including the introduction of new technologies, the changes in government and industry priorities and funding for R&D. This includes investments in tank car/hazmat research, maglev, and high speed rail). Key technology introductions such as automated track and rolling stock inspection systems are discussed. The evolving and changing roles of the Federal government, the AAR, individual railroads, the supply industry are described. The paper offers a timeline of key events in railroad R&D and technology introductions, with brief discussions each came to pass, the conditions in the industry which drove or enabled them and the impacts each introduction have had. The paper closes with some thoughts about current trends in technology and railroad R&D and their likely trajectory into the future.
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Fogg, H. E., C. E. Neilson, and A. F. Pyatt. "The Marine Gas Turbine for the 1990's and Beyond." In Marine Rail Propulsion Technology Conference. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/871378.
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Chapman, K. S., A. Keshavarz, and Yuanhong Li. "Experimentally Determined Port Discharge Coefficients From Large-Bore Reciprocating Engines." In ASME 2003 Internal Combustion Engine and Rail Transportation Divisions Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2003-0702.
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This paper describes the collection and analysis of discharge coefficients from the ports of large-bore two-stroke cycle engines. The literature includes some information on discharge coefficients from very small ports. The literature was found to not include data collected from very large ports, such is in Cooper, Clark, and Worthington two-stroke cycle engines. The methodology was to construct and then use a flow bench that was sized for large-bore engine cylinder liners. The flow bench is designed to experimentally determine the discharge coefficients of large bore engine ports. The discharge coefficients are an integral part of determining the air flow rate through an engine, and in modeling and predicting the airflow through an engine system. This information can be used by designers to better match turbochargers and aftercoolers to engines. Large bore engine cylinders are typically are 35–56 cm (14–22 in.) in diameter, and have power outputs ranging 745–3730 kW (1,000–6,000 hp). In general, the majority of these engines were built in the 1940–1950’s. The importance of predicting the airflow rate through these engines has become paramount due to increasingly stringent EPA emission regulations. The data shows that there is a vast difference between the discharge coefficients of the three primary engines used in the natural gas industry.
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Gordon, Jeff, Srini Swamy, Sabri Cakdi, Matthew Radovich, Anand Prabhakaran, and Som P. Singh. "Improving Collision Post Crashworthiness of Legacy Locomotives." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6201.
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Modern freight locomotives are built to crashworthiness standards that are defined in Subpart D of Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 229 and Association of American Railroads (AAR) S-580 standards [1, 2]. The first freight locomotive crashworthiness standard, AAR S-580, was released in 1989 and became effective as of August 1990 [3]. Locomotives that were manufactured before the 1990, so-called “legacy”, lack the crew protection offered by the modern “crashworthy” locomotives [4]. While legacy locomotives, such as narrow-nose designs that were manufactured before 1990s, are generally relegated to non-lead locomotive service in Class I railroads, these units are sometimes used in mainline service. Even though the number of narrow-nose locomotives has declined, there remains a risk of injuries and fatalities for the crew for the next several years. The scope of this study is the following; • The assessment of injuries and fatalities from collisions involving legacy locomotives, • The crashworthiness evaluation of collision posts for a sample legacy (narrow-nose, legacy) locomotive assembled in the 1960s and rebuilt in 2001, • Analysis of alternative collision post designs to meet and exceed the collision post requirements in the 2001 version of AAR S-580.
Reports on the topic "Raúl (1950-....)"
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Loehlein, Neil. Rivers of Steel: The Economic Development of Seattle During the Rail Age, 1870-1920. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/geogmaster.13.
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