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Pioli, Rosanna N., Eligio N. Morandi, María C. Martínez, Florencia Lucca, Alejandro Tozzini, Vilma Bisaro, and H. Esteban Hopp. "Morphologic, Molecular, and Pathogenic Characterization of Diaporthe phaseolorum Variability in the Core Soybean-Producing Area of Argentina." Phytopathology® 93, no. 2 (February 2003): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2003.93.2.136.
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Isolates of the Diaporthe/Phomopsis (D/P) complex were collected in the main soybean producing area of Argentina during the 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99 growing seasons. Twenty-three morphologic characters related to type of colonies, stroma, pycnidia and conidia, presence of perithecia, and asci length were studied by principal component analysis (PCA). Genomic DNA were analyzed by the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. From both studies, 18 isolates were identified as D/P complex and grouped in four major taxa: (i) Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionalis, (ii) D. phaseolorum var. caulivora, (iii) D. phaseolorum var. sojae, and (iv) Phomopsis longicolla. In addition to distinguishing interspecific and intraspecific variability, molecular markers allowed the detection of differences among isolates within the same variety. Pathogenicity was assayed in the greenhouse, by the toothpick method, inoculating the D/P isolates to soybean genotypes carrying different resistance genes (Rdc1, Rdc2, Rdc3, and Rdc4) against soybean stem canker (SSC). Pathogenic analysis distinguished two main groups: (i) the SSC-producing isolates, including D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora, and (ii) the non-SSC-producing isolates, including D. phaseolorum var. sojae and P. longicolla. Cultivar RA-702 (susceptible control) was compatible with both D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora isolates; meanwhile, Tracy-M (Rdc1 and Rdc 2 genes) was incompatible with D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis but compatible with D. phaseolorum var. caulivora isolates. The fact that Rdc1 and Rdc2 together (as in Tracy-M) confer an almost immune reaction to all assayed isolates of D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis but were ineffective against the D. phaseolorum var. caulivora isolates evaluated suggests that the virulence or avirulence genes in D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora are different. Moreover, physiological races of D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis were detected by using differential soybean genotypes carrying distinct single Rdc genes. As far as we know, this is the first report on the existence of physiological races of D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis in South America. Selective pressure due to deployment of resistant host cultivars may have changed the frequency of the virulence or avirulence genes within the population of D. phaseolorum var. meridionalis. On the whole, our results show that pathogenic variability of D. phaseolorum in the core soybean-producing area of Argentina is higher than previously recognized.
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Kachroo, Pradeep, Aardra Kachroo, Ludmila Lapchyk, David Hildebrand, and Daniel F. Klessig. "Restoration of Defective Cross Talk in ssi2 Mutants: Role of Salicylic Acid, Jasmonic Acid, and Fatty Acids in SSI2-Mediated Signaling." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 16, no. 11 (November 2003): 1022–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2003.16.11.1022.
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The Arabidopsis mutants ssi2 and fab2 are defective in stearoyl ACP desaturase, which causes altered salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense signaling. Both ssi2 and fab2 plants show spontaneous cell death, express PR genes constitutively, accumulate high levels of SA, and exhibit enhanced resistance to bacterial and oomycete pathogens. In contrast to constitutive activation of the SA pathway, ssi2 and fab2 plants are repressed in JA-mediated induction of the PDF1.2 gene, which suggests that the SSI2-mediated signaling pathway modulates cross talk between the SA and JA pathways. In this study, we have characterized two recessive nonallelic mutants in the ssi2 background, designated as rdc (restorer of defective cross talk) 2 and rdc8. Both ssi2 rdc mutants are suppressed in constitutive SA signaling, show basal level expression of PR-1 gene, and induce high levels of PDF1.2 in response to exogenous application of JA. Interestingly, while the rdc8 mutation completely abolishes spontaneous cell death in ssi2 rdc8 plants, the ssi2 rdc2 plants continue to show some albeit reduced cell death. Fatty acid (FA) analysis showed a reduction in 16:3 levels in ssi2 rdc8 plants, which suggests that this mutation may limit the flux of FAs into the pro-karyotic pathway of glycerolipid biosynthesis. Both rdc2 and rdc8 continue to accumulate high levels of 18:0, which suggests that 18:0 levels were responsible for neither constitutive SA signaling nor repression of JA-induced expression of the PDF1.2 gene in ssi2 plants. We also analyzed SA and JA responses of the fab2-derived shs1 mutant, which accumulates levels of 18:0 over 50% lower than those in the fab2 plants. Even though fab2 shs1 plants were morphologically bigger than fab2 plants, they expressed PR genes constitutively, showed HR-like cell death, and accumulated elevated levels of SA. However, unlike the ssi2 rdc plants, fab2 shs1 plants were unable to induce high levels of PDF1.2 expression in response to exogenous application of JA. Together, these results show that defective cross talk in ssi2 can be restored by second site mutations and is independent of morphological size of the plants, cell death, and elevated levels of 18:0.
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Braga, Tiago Emmanuel Nunes, Alex Pereira Holanda, and Tatiana Canelhas Pignataro. "Resolução RDC-Arq Conarq." Revista Brasileira de Preservação Digital 3 (July 12, 2022): e022004. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/rebpred.v3i00.16583.
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Introdução: Os repositórios arquivísticos digitais confiáveis buscam oferecer mecanismos para garantir a autenticidade dos objetos informacionais a partir de uma perspectiva arquivística. No Brasil a resolução 43/2015 do Conarq se encarregou de estruturar os requisitos para a implementação deste tipo de repositório e o Hipátia, modelo estruturado no âmbito do IBICT, buscou sistematizar sua implementação. Com a aproximação da publicação de uma atualização da resolução do Conarq, faz-se premente discutir quais serão os impactos no modelo atualmente proposto. Objetivo: Identificar os requisitos propostos pela nova resolução do Conarq e avaliar quais seus impactos no modelo Hipátia. Metodologia: A pesquisa se apoia no método de análise documental e possui caráter qualitativo. Ela também possui caráter exploratório, uma vez que avalia possíveis cenários a partir dos requisitos levantados. Resultados: A estrutura informacional dos requisitos presentes na resolução do Conarq foi sistematizada em quatro categorias. Estes requisitos foram analisados e suas características descritas. Ao final, foram identificados os desafios a serem superados para a sua incorporação no Hipátia. Considerações finais: O modelo Hipátia é inovador em vários sentidos, no entanto, resta claro que não é um modelo finalizado, uma vez que precisa constantemente incorporar avanços informacionais propostos pelas normas vigentes. Ao analisar a nova resolução do Conarq foi possível identificar os caminhos a serem percorridos e quais estratégias podem ser adotadas. Foi possível perceber que é possível sistematizar no modelo vigente mecanismos que permitam às instituições avançar na implementação de repositórios arquivísticos digitais confiáveis.
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Bouroubi, Sadek, and Louiza Rezkallah. "Rotating Disk Cryptosystem: RDC." Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 41, no. 5 (November 7, 2019): 1193–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2019.1572977.
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Oshima, Katsuo. "People’s Willingness to Pay for Dental Checkups and the Associated Individual Characteristics: A Nationwide Web-Based Survey among Japanese Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 4145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054145.
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This study aimed to determine the willingness-to-pay (WTP) values for dental checkups and analyze the association between the values and individual characteristics. This cross-sectional study was conducted using a nationwide web-based survey, and 3336 participants were allocated into groups that received regular dental checkups (RDC; n = 1785) and those who did not (non-RDC; n = 1551). There was a statistically significant difference in the WTP value for dental checkups between the RDC (median: 3000 yen [22.51 USD]) and non-RDC groups (2000 yen [15.01 USD]). In the RDC group, age 50–59 years, household income <2 million yen, homemaker and part-time worker employment status, and having children were significantly associated with decreased WTP values; male sex, household incomes ≥8 million yen, and tooth brushing ≥3 times daily were associated with increased WTP values. In the non-RDC group, age ≥30 years, household incomes <4 million yen, and having ≥28 teeth were significantly associated with decreased WTP values; household income ≥8 million yen was associated with increased WTP values. Conclusively, WTP values for dental checkups were lower in the non-RDC group than in the RDC group; in the non-RDC group, those with lower household income aged ≥30 years were more likely to propose lower WTP values, suggesting the need for policy intervention to improve access to RDC.
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Gonçalves, João Carlos, Raquel P. F. Guiné, Carolina Amoedo, and Paula Correia. "Customer knowledge and behavior on the use of food refrigerated display cabinets: A Portuguese case." Open Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2021-0056.
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Abstract This article presents a study on customer knowledge and habits regarding the use of refrigerated display cabinets (RDC). The study was carried out on a sample of Portuguese retail stores’ customers, using a questionnaire survey available through an Internet platform. The sample consisted of 136 individuals, who voluntarily participated in the study. Questions included the characterization of the sociodemographic population involved. The questionnaire included different questions to related with RDC, namely customer knowledge about the appearance of each RDC equipment, questions to evaluate the respondents’ perception about the advantages and disadvantages related to open or glass-door closed RDC, questions to assess the participants’ habits and behavior when purchasing food products from glass-door closed RDC (frequency and duration of door open), questions to characterize the consumers’ habits on purchasing food products from RDC, and also questions to characterize the consumers’ shopping attitudes in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2. The results seem to indicate that customers prefer closed RDC; for example, 61.8% of participants prefer products preserved in glass-door closed RDC, against 6.6% that admit to preferring products preserved in open RDC. Therefore, we can deduce that the existence of doors does not appear to be an obstacle to purchasing food products. Regarding the use of glass-door closed RDC, 80.1% of the participants say they just open the door once, and 53.7% of the costumers believe they keep the door open in the interval [4‒6 s]. This indicates that Portuguese customers are quite well informed about food safety issues and seem to follow assertive attitudes when purchasing food products from RDC. This study reinforces the benefits of replacing open RDC by closed glass-doors allowing significant energy savings.
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Lestari, Brigitta Swasti, Rasmi Rikmasari, and Setyawan Bonifacius. "Comparison of diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders based on RDC/TMD Axis I and DC/TMD Axis I." Indonesian Journal of Prosthodontics 2, no. 2 (December 18, 2021): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46934/ijp.v2i2.37.
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Introduction: The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) has become the most widely used diagnostic protocol for research in temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The invalidity of RDC/ TMD in clinical application causes the revision of RDC/TMD to be the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder (DC/TMD). The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in diagnosis of TMD between RDC/ TMD examination and DC/TMD Axis I on students of Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University. Method: The type of this research was comparative survey approach using clinical examinations and questionnaires. The sample was collected from 48 people using random sampling techniques. The diagnosis of TMD was obtained by filling in the symptom questionnaire and clinical examination based on RDC/TMD Axis I and DC/TMD Axis I, which is then entered into the RDC/TMD diagnosis algorithm and DC/TMD decision tree. Results: The results showed that from 48 samples there were 36 (75%) people with the same diagnosis of RDC/TMD and DC/TMD, and 12 (25%) people with different diagnoses between RDC/TMD and DC/TMD. Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, the diagnosis of TMD based on RDC/TMD were still categorized the same as the diagnosis based on DC/TMD.
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Chen, Peiwei, Yicheng Luo, and Alexei A. Aravin. "RDC complex executes a dynamic piRNA program during Drosophila spermatogenesis to safeguard male fertility." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 9 (September 2, 2021): e1009591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009591.
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piRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that guide the silencing of transposons and other targets in animal gonads. In Drosophila female germline, many piRNA source loci dubbed “piRNA clusters” lack hallmarks of active genes and exploit an alternative path for transcription, which relies on the Rhino-Deadlock-Cutoff (RDC) complex. RDC was thought to be absent in testis, so it remains to date unknown how piRNA cluster transcription is regulated in the male germline. We found that components of RDC complex are expressed in male germ cells during early spermatogenesis, from germline stem cells (GSCs) to early spermatocytes. RDC is essential for expression of dual-strand piRNA clusters and transposon silencing in testis; however, it is dispensable for expression of Y-linked Suppressor of Stellate piRNAs and therefore Stellate silencing. Despite intact Stellate repression, males lacking RDC exhibited compromised fertility accompanied by germline DNA damage and GSC loss. Thus, piRNA-guided repression is essential for normal spermatogenesis beyond Stellate silencing. While RDC associates with multiple piRNA clusters in GSCs and early spermatogonia, its localization changes in later stages as RDC concentrates on a single X-linked locus, AT-chX. Dynamic RDC localization is paralleled by changes in piRNA cluster expression, indicating that RDC executes a fluid piRNA program during different stages of spermatogenesis. These results disprove the common belief that RDC is dispensable for piRNA biogenesis in testis and uncover the unexpected, sexually dimorphic and dynamic behavior of a core piRNA pathway machinery.
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Homma, Yasuhiro, Tomonori Baba, Nobuhiko Sumiyoshi, Hironori Ochi, Hideo Kobayashi, Mikio Matsumoto, Takahito Yuasa, and Kazuo Kaneko. "Rapid Hip Osteoarthritis Development in a Patient with Anterior Acetabular Cyst with Sagittal Alignment Change." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/523426.
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Rapidly destructive coxarthrosis (RDC) is rare and develops unusual clinical course. Recent studies suggest multiple possible mechanisms of the development of RDC. However the exact mechanism of RDC is still not clear. The difficulty of the study on RDC is attributed to its rareness and the fact that the data before the onset of RDC is normally unavailable. In this report, we presented the patient having the radiographic data before the onset who had rapid osteoarthritis (OA) development after contralateral THA, which meets the current criteria of RDC. We thought that the increased posterior tilt of the pelvis after THA reinforced the stress concentration at pre-existed anterior acetabular cyst, thereby the destruction of the cyst was occurred. As a result the rapid OA was developed. We think that there is the case of rapid osteoarthritis developing due to alternating load concentration by posterior pelvic tilt on preexisting anterior acetabular cyst such as our patient among the cases diagnosed as RDC without any identifiable etiology. The recognition of sagittal alignment changes and anterior acetabular cyst may play important role in prediction and prevention of the rapid hip osteoarthritis development similar to RDC.
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Hao, Xueli, Taeg S. Kim, and Thomas J. Braciale. "Differential Response of Respiratory Dendritic Cell Subsets to Influenza Virus Infection." Journal of Virology 82, no. 10 (March 19, 2008): 4908–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02367-07.
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ABSTRACT Dendritic cells (DC) are believed to play an important role in the initiation of innate and adaptive immune responses to infection, including respiratory tract infections, where respiratory DC (RDC) perform this role. In this report, we examined the susceptibilities of isolated murine RDC to influenza virus infection in vitro and the effect of the multiplicity of infection (MOI) on costimulatory ligand upregulation and inflammatory cytokine/chemokine production after infection. We found that the efficiency of influenza virus infection of RDC increased with increasing MOIs. Furthermore, distinct subpopulations of RDC differed in their susceptibilities to influenza virus infection and in the magnitude/tempo of costimulatory ligand expression. Additional characterization of the CD11c-positive (CD11c+) RDC revealed that the identifiable subsets of RDC differed in susceptibility to infection, with CD11c+ CD103+ DC exhibiting the greatest susceptibility, CD11c+ CD11bhi DC exhibiting intermediate susceptibility, and CD11c+ B220+ plasmacytoid DC (pDC) exhibiting the least susceptibility to infection. A companion analysis of the in vivo susceptibilities of these RDC subsets to influenza virus revealed a corresponding infection pattern. The three RDC subsets displayed different patterns of cytokine/chemokine production in response to influenza virus infection in vitro: pDC were the predominant producers of most cytokines examined, while CD103+ DC and CD11bhi DC produced elevated levels of the murine chemokine CXCL1 (KC), interleukin 12p40, and RANTES in response to influenza virus infection. Our results indicate that RDC are targets of influenza virus infection and that distinct RDC subsets differ in their susceptibilities and responses to infection.
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Sewell, Bernadette, Mari Jones, Helen Gray, Heather Wilkes, Catherine Lloyd-Bennett, Kim Beddow, Martin Bevan, and Deborah Fitzsimmons. "Rapid cancer diagnosis for patients with vague symptoms: a cost-effectiveness study." British Journal of General Practice 70, no. 692 (January 13, 2020): e186-e192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20x708077.
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BackgroundA pilot rapid diagnosis centre (RDC) allows GPs within targeted clusters to refer adults with vague and/or non-specific symptoms suspicious of cancer, who do not meet criteria for referral under an urgent suspected cancer (USC) pathway, to a multidisciplinary RDC clinic where they are seen within 1 week.AimTo explore the cost-effectiveness of the RDC compared with standard clinical practice.Design and settingCost-effectiveness modelling using routine data from Neath Port Talbot Hospital, Wales.MethodDiscrete-event simulation modelled a cohort of 1000 patients from referral to radiological diagnosis based on routine RDC and hospital data. Control patients were those referred to a USC pathway but then downgraded. Published sources provided estimates of patient quality of life (QoL) and pre-diagnosis anxiety. The model calculates time to diagnosis, costs, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and estimates the probability of the RDC being a cost-effective strategy.ResultsThe RDC reduces mean time to diagnosis from 84.2 days in usual care to 5.9 days if a diagnosis is made at clinic, or 40.8 days if further investigations are booked during RDC. RDC provision is the superior strategy (that is, less costly and more effective) compared with standard clinical practice when run near or at full capacity. However, it is not cost-effective if capacity utilisation drops below 80%.ConclusionAn RDC for patients presenting with vague or non-specific symptoms suspicious of cancer in primary care reduces time to diagnosis and provides excellent value for money if run at ≥80% capacity.
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Onishi, Eijiro, Satoshi Ota, Satoshi Fujita, Yoshihiro Tsukamoto, Shinnosuke Yamashita, Takumi Hashimura, Kazuhiro Matsunaga, and Tadashi Yasuda. "Association between sagittal spinopelvic alignment and femoral head destruction in the early stage of rapidly destructive coxopathy." Bone & Joint Open 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2633-1462.31.bjo-2021-0175.r1.
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Aims This study aimed to evaluate sagittal spinopelvic alignment (SSPA) in the early stage of rapidly destructive coxopathy (RDC) compared with hip osteoarthritis (HOA), and to identify risk factors of SSPA for destruction of the femoral head within 12 months after the disease onset. Methods This study enrolled 34 RDC patients with joint space narrowing > 2 mm within 12 months after the onset of hip pain and 25 HOA patients showing femoral head destruction. Sharp angle was measured for acetabular coverage evaluation. Femoral head collapse ratio was calculated for assessment of the extent of femoral head collapse by RDC. The following parameters of SSPA were evaluated using the whole spinopelvic radiograph: pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), pelvic incidence (PI), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), thoracic kyphosis angle (TK), lumbar lordosis angle (LL), and PI-LL. Results The HOA group showed higher Sharp angles compared with the RDC group. PT and PI-LL were higher in the RDC group than the HOA group. SS and LL were lower in the RDC group than the HOA group. No difference was found in PI, SVA, or TK between the groups. Femoral head collapse ratio was associated with PT, SS, SVA, LL, and PI-LL. A PI-LL > 20° and a PT > 30° correlated with greater extent of femoral head destruction by RDC. From regression analysis, SS and SVA were significantly associated with the femoral head collapse ratio within 12 months after disease onset. Conclusion Compared with HOA, RDC in the early stage correlated with sagittal spinopelvic malalignment. SS and SVA may partially contribute to the extent of femoral head destruction by RDC within 12 months after the onset of hip pain. The present study indicates a potential role of SSPA assessment in identification of RDC patients at risk for subsequent bone destruction. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(1):77–84.
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Khan, Muhammad Rizwan, Mohsin Abbas Khan, Khalil Ahmad, Asad Hamad, Muhammad Sajid-ur-Rehman, Hafiz Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Younus, and Yousaf Kamal. "Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Antibacterial Derivatives of Doxycycline." RADS Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 7, no. 4 (January 30, 2020): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37962/jpps.v7i4.257.
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Objective: Nowadays antibacterial drugs resistance is major problem in the world. To overcome this problem, some novel derivates of doxycycline were synthesized by single step condensation reaction with ten different types of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes and ketones in ethanol as solvent and acetic acid as catalyst. In these reactions, deprotonation of primary amine occurs that results in formation of imine.
Methods: All the derivatives physically characterized and confirmed by analytical techniques i.e. FTIR and 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The derived compounds have exhibited significantly more active against both gram positive as well as gram negative bacterial strains as compared to parent drug.
Results: Derived Schiff bases RDC2, RDC4 and RDC10 showed zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis as compared to doxycycline and derived Schiff bases RDC1, RDC2, RDC5, RDC6, RDC7 and RDC8 showed more zone of inhibition against Micrococcus luteus as compared to doxycycline. Yield (75%), m.p. 180-185°C, Mol. Wt. 1063, Elemental Analysis: (Calculated) for C58H54N4O16: iC, 65.53; H, 5.12; N, 5.27; (Found): C, 65.49; H, 5.18; N, 5.37; FTIR (ν, cm‐1): 3066 (=C-H), 1665(C=N), 1585, 1490(C=C, phenyl), 3650(OH), 1692 (C=O); 1H NMR (DMSO−d6, δ, ppm), 6.02-6.03 d, 6.91-6.92 d, (=CH-); 6.88-6.89 t (=CH), 2.89-2.90 d, (-CH); 1.07-1.08 q, (-CH3), 3.38-3.39 d; 3.17-3.18 d, (CH), 1.47-1.48 t (CH), 1.48 s, (CH3), 6.96-6.97d, 7.577-7.588 d, (-CH=) 15.21 s (OH); 4.62 s (OH); 1.46-1.47 s (OH); 13C NMR (DMSO−d6, δ, ppm).
Conclusion: Doxycycline is among broad-spectrum tetracycline. The Schiff bases derived from doxycycline show significantly highly active against gram negative bacteria as compared to doxycycline. In future further study on these derived compounds will help in market new derivative of doxycycline, which will have more broad-spectrum activity than doxycycline.
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Araujo, I. G., C. Scapinello, Y. G. Jaruche, M. U. Silva, R. V. Nunes, A. F. G. Oliveira, J. L. Schneiders, and B. P. Neto. "Avaliação nutricional do resíduo desidratado de cervejaria para coelhos em crescimento." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 68, no. 6 (December 2016): 1673–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8602.
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RESUMO Foi conduzido um ensaio de digestibilidade para determinar o valor nutritivo do resíduo desidratado de cervejaria (RDC) e outro para verificar o desempenho de coelhos em crescimento alimentados com rações contendo diferentes níveis de RDC e a viabilidade econômica da utilização do RDC. No ensaio de digestibilidade, foram utilizados 20 coelhos, de ambos os sexos, da raça Nova Zelândia Branco, com idade média de 45 dias, distribuídos em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com dois tratamentos, sendo uma dieta referência e outra dieta teste, na qual o RDC substituiu a ração referência em nível de 30%. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente (CDA) da matéria seca (MS), da energia bruta (EB), da proteína bruta (PB) do RDC foram de 49,97%, 49,34%, e 71,06%, respectivamente, com valores de energia digestível (ED) e proteína digestível (PD) do RDC, com base na matéria seca, de 2330,60kcal/kg e 15,75%. No experimento de desempenho, foram avaliadas rações com níveis de inclusão de RDC de 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% e 25%. Foram utilizados 120 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia Branco, 60 machos e 60 fêmeas, com 32 dias de idade, em delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso, com seis tratamentos e 10 repetições, sendo a unidade experimental constituída por dois animais. Não foram observadas diferenças no desempenho dos coelhos alimentados com ração contendo níveis crescentes de RDC, exceto para a conversão alimentar aos 70 dias, que apresentou efeito quadrático no período dos 32 aos 70 dias de idade, com a pior conversão alimentar ao nível de 16,95% de RDC. No entanto, houve redução linear nos custos com alimentação, por quilo de ganho de peso dos animais. Conclui-se que o resíduo desidratado de cervejaria apresenta CDA equivalente aos ingredientes convencionais, podendo ser incluído até o nível máximo estudado de 25% nas rações de coelhos em crescimento, sem prejudicar o desempenho.
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Kuwonu, Franck. "RDC: Le réveil d'un géant." Afrique Renouveau 30, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/76f3889c-fr.
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Willame, Jean-Claude. "Les leurres démocratiques en RDC." La Revue Nouvelle N° 7, no. 7 (October 1, 2016): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rn.167.0009.
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Reißmann, D. R., M. T. John, O. Schierz, and C. Hirsch. "Eine Kurzversion der RDC/TMD." Der Schmerz 23, no. 6 (October 17, 2009): 618–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00482-009-0856-8.
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Bansele, Blaise. "République Démocratique du Congo (RDC)." Recherche en soins infirmiers N° 100, no. 1 (2010): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsi.100.0085.
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Brophy, Michael, Roderick Gregory, Joachim Raese, and Paul Orsulak. "Adrenal steroids in rdc schizophrenia." Biological Psychiatry 25, no. 7 (April 1989): A173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-3223(89)91836-2.
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Booth, Katrina A., Lisa M. Vinci, Julie L. Oyler, and Amber T. Pincavage. "Using a Resident Discharge Clinic for Resident Education and Patient Care: A Feasibility Study." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 536–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-13-00313.1.
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Abstract Background Many patients in internal medicine resident continuity clinics experience difficulty accessing care, making posthospitalization ambulatory follow-up challenging. Experiential learning in care transitions is also lacking for residents. Objective We sought to assess the feasibility and impact of a weekly Resident Discharge Clinic (RDC) in increasing access to early posthospitalization follow-up and providing learning opportunities for residents. Methods We staffed the RDC with an ambulatory block resident, an internal medicine preceptor, and a clinical pharmacist. We assessed time to posthospitalization follow-up, readmission rates, and resident perceptions of postdischarge care for resident-clinic patients, comparing data before and after RDC implementation. Results There were 636 discharges in the baseline group, 662 during the intervention period, and 56 in the RDC group. Six months after RDC implementation, the percentage of discharged resident-clinic patients with follow-up within 7 days improved from 6.6% at baseline to 9.7% (P = .04). The mean interval to the posthospitalization follow-up appointment in the RDC group was 7.4 days compared with 33.9 days in the baseline group (P < .001). The percentage of surveyed residents (n = 72) who agreed that early follow-up was easy to arrange increased from 21% to 77% (P < .001). There was no significant decrease in the 30-day readmission rate for patients in the RDC group (18.1% versus 12.5%, P = .29). Conclusions The RDC was easily implemented, increased access to timely posthospitalization follow-up, and provided a platform for resident learning about care transitions.
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Smirnov, Sergei, Alexander Smirnovsky, Galina Zdorovennova, Roman Zdorovennov, Nikolay Palshin, Iuliia Novikova, Arkady Terzhevik, and Sergey Bogdanov. "Water Temperature Evolution Driven by Solar Radiation in an Ice-Covered Lake: A Numerical Study and Observational Data." Water 14, no. 24 (December 14, 2022): 4078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14244078.
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Until now, the phenomenon of radiatively driven convection (RDC) in ice-covered lakes has not been sufficiently studied, despite its important role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. There have been very few attempts to numerically simulate RDC due to the complexity of this process and the need to use powerful computing resources. The article presents the results of Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of RDC with periodic external energy pumping, which imitates the diurnal variations in solar radiation in the subglacial layer of lakes in spring. The research is aimed at numerically studying the initial stages in the formation and development of a convective mixed layer (CML). A numerical calculation was carried out for three variants of external energy pumping that differed in intensity. A diurnal acceleration and suppression of RDC due to a change in external pumping was revealed for all three variants. The results of numerical simulations provide estimates of such integral parameters of RDC development as the rate of deepening of the lower boundary of the CML, and the rate of water temperature rise within this layer. It was shown that as the cumulative heating of the CML increases over several days, daily increments in temperature and depth slowed down; that is, the dependence of the integral RDC parameters on external pumping was nonlinear. The LES results on RDC parameters were in good agreement with our observational data.
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Hao, Xueli, and Thomas Braciale. "Interaction of Respiratory Dendritic cells with Influenza Virus Infection in vitro (43.44)." Journal of Immunology 178, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2007): S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.43.44.
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Abstract Influenza A virus is a major cause of infection of the respiratory tract worldwide. Approximately 10–20% of U.S. population is estimated to be infected by this virus each year. Respiratory tract dendritic cells (RDC) are believed to play a major role as antigen presenting cells in initiating adaptive immune response to influenza virus infection. We have examined the effect of influenza virus infection of purified RDC in vitro at different MOI (Multiplicity of Infection) on virus protein expression, co-stimulatory molecules expression, and cytokines production. We found that there is not only an MOI dependent increase in the percentage of infected RDC, but also the infection of RDC at high MOI results in higher level and accelerated viral protein synthesis at early time post infection. Production of tested cytokines and chemokines by RDC increases with increasing of MOI except for IL-12 p40. Furthermore, we found that at high MOI total RDCs can be divided to several populations based on CD40 and influenza nucleoprotein (NP) expression: CD40high NPlow, CD40low NPhigh, and CD40negNPnegDCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that there is a diverse response of RDC to influenza virus at different MOI as reflected by their susceptibility to infection and cytokine production. These results may provide insight into how RDC modulate host response in the lung to influenza virus infection. (Support: USPHS grant, NIH AI-15608, HL-33391,HL-71875)
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Sales, Ana Paula Bastos Sousa, Wellingtânia Bastos Cruz Rodrigues, and Priscila Pereira Pessoa. "Análise de rótulos de macarrões integrais de acordo com a legislação em relação ao teor de fibra e informações obrigatórias." Brazilian Journal of Food Research 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3895/rebrapa.v10n2.10288.
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Diante do desenvolvimento que vem acontecendo na área alimentícia, gera-se a necessidade de garantir informações úteis e confiáveis em rótulos de alimentos. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar rótulos de macarrões integrais em relação ao teor de fibras e informações obrigatórias, conforme legislações vigentes. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter descritivo de abordagem quantitativa realizado na cidade de Fortaleza-Ceará. Foram analisadas 21 marcas, nas quais se observou às quantidades de fibras descritas nos rótulos. Foi desenvolvido e aplicado checklist pertinente às seguintes legislações: RDC nº 54/12; RDC nº 259/02; RDC nº 360/03 e a lei 10.674/03. Quanto à RDC nº 54/12, 70,8% dos rótulos analisados correspondiam ao critério para alegação de “alto conteúdo de fibra” e 29,1% para “fonte de fibra”. Em relação às legislações para alimentos embalados, sete marcas apresentaram não conformidade. Encontravam-se inadequados itens da RDC nº 259/2002: o uso de um sinal e uma denominação que poderia levar o consumidor ao equívoco; a atribuição de propriedades que não podem ser demonstradas; a indicação que possui propriedades medicinais ou terapêuticas e a ausência de instrução de preparo. Em relação à RDC nº 360/03 apenas um produto apresentou letra ilegível. Verificou-se conformidade em 100% das marcas quanto à Lei 10.674/03 referente ao glúten. Conclui-se que os rótulos avaliados, em sua maioria estão em conformidade com as legislações vigentes, sendo 69% em acordo quanto a RDC nº 259/02 e 96% quanto a RDC nº 360/03. São indispensáveis fiscalizações rígidas, uma vez que o consumidor precisa ter informações fidedignas dos produtos comercializados.
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Yasuda, T., S. Hara, S. Yamashita, S. Mitsuzawa, Y. Tsukamoto, H. Takeuchi, S. Ota, and E. Onishi. "STAT3 ACTIVATION IN THE SYNOVIAL TISSUES FROM THE HIP JOINT IN THE EARLY STAGE OF RAPIDLY DESTRUCTIVE COXOPATHY." Orthopaedic Proceedings 106-B, SUPP_2 (January 2, 2024): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2024.2.095.
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The interleukin-6/gp130-associated Janus Kinases/STAT3 axis is known to play an important role in mediating inflammatory signals, resulting in production of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3). The hip joints with rapidly destructive coxopathy (RDC) demonstrate rapid chondrolysis, probably by increased production of MMP-3 observed in the early stage of RDC. In the recent study, no apparent activation of STAT3 has been shown in the synovial tissues obtained from the osteoarthritic joint at operation. However, no data are currently available on STAT3 activation in the synovial tissues in the early stage of RDC. This study aimed to elucidate STAT3 activation in the synovial tissues in the early stage of RDC. Synovial tissues within 7 months from the disease onset were obtained from four RDC patients with femoral head destruction and high serum levels of MMP-3. RDC synovial tissues showed the synovial lining hyperplasia with an increase of CD68-positive macrophages and CD3-positive T lymphocytes. STAT3 phosphorylation was found in the synovial tissues by immunohistochemistry using anti-phospho-STAT3 antibody. The majority of phospho-STAT3-positive cells were the synovial lining cells and exhibited negative expression of macrophage or T cell marker. Treatment with tofacitinib, a Janus Kinase inhibitor, resulted in a decrease in phospho-STAT3-positive cells, especially with high intensity, indicating effective suppression of STAT3 activation in RDC synovial tissues. Inhibitory effect of tofacitinib could act through the Janus Kinase/STAT3 axis in the synovial tissues in the early stage of RDC. Therefore, STAT3 may be a potential therapeutic target for prevention of joint structural damage in RDC.Acknowledgements: This study was supported by Katakami Foundation for Clinical Research.
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Yulita, Tiara, and Adhitya Ronnie Effendie. "ESTIMATION OF IBNR AND RBNS RESERVES USING RDC METHOD AND GAMMA GENERALIZED LINEAR MODEL." MEDIA STATISTIKA 15, no. 1 (June 10, 2022): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/medstat.15.1.24-35.
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Estimation of claims reserves is a very important role for insurance companies because the information will be used to assess the insurance company’s ability to meet future claim payment obligations. In practice, claims reserves are divided into two Incurred but Not Reported (IBNR) and Reported but Not Settled (RBNS). Reserving by Detailed Conditioning (RDC) is one of the individual methods that can estimate claims reserves of both the IBNR and RBNS, which involves detailed condition so-called claim characteristics, and some information else so-called background variable. The result of estimating claims reserves using RDC with background variable is not stable because many combinate of calculation from each background variable. The purpose of this study is to overcome these problems, which we can combine RDC and Gamma Generalized Linear Model (GLM) as an effective method for estimating claims reserves. By using Bootstrapping Individual Claims Histories (BICH) method, the results show that estimation of claims reserves using RDC and Gamma GLM gives the fewest value of Mean Square Error of Prediction (MSEP) rather than RDC with Poisson GLM, RDC, and Chain Ladder. Where the smaller the value of the resulting MSEP estimate, the closer to the actual claim reserve value.
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Bernášek, Karel, Marián Grocký, Martin Burian, and Jan Lang. "Stretched Gelatin Phantom for Detection of Residual Dipolar Couplings in MR Spectra and Data Analysis of Carnosine." Journal of Spectroscopy 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4596542.
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Peak splitting due to the residual dipolar coupling (RDC) represents a potentially applicable spectral parameter for diagnostic purposes. Several of the skeletal muscle metabolites were previously reported to display the RDC splitting inin vivoMR spectra. We constructed anin vitromodel consisting of mechanically stretched gelatin cylinder soaked with the muscle metabolite carnosine. We describe the preparation procedure of an upscaled 50 mL stretched gelatin sample with carnosine that can be used as a phantom for setting-up and testing of spectroscopic measurements of RDC in a MR scanner. We also report on analysis of the RDC splittings in1H and13C high resolution MR spectra of carnosine.
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Grossmann, Eduardo, Thales Botomé Cousen, Rodrigo Lorenzi Poluha, Marcus Vinícius Martins Collares, and Enio Setogutti. "Prevalence of internal derangements of temporomandibular joint in patients with cleft-lip/palate." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 17 (November 26, 2018): e181201. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v17i0.8654066.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of internal derangements (ID) of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with cleft-lip/palate. Also, to evaluate the correlation of diagnosis between Research Diagnostic Criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD) clinical examination and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Twenty patients with cleft-lip/palate, were clinically evaluated by RDC/TMD and by MRI. The ID of TMJ evaluate were disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) and disc displacement without reduction (DDWOR). Results: The present study showed that 9 (45%) of the patients were diagnosed with ID of TMJ (8 [40%] patients with DDWR and 1 [5%] with DDWOR) and 11 (55%) present no disorders, by RDC/TMD. MRI examination revealed that 15 (75%) of the patients had ID of TMJ (13 [65%] patients with DDWR and 2 [10%] with DDWOR) and 5 (25%) present no disorders. The Kappa index between the clinical and imaging diagnosis was 0.01. Conclusion: In the present study, DDWR was diagnosed in 40-65% by the RDC/TMD and MRI, respectively; DDWOR was diagnosed in 5-10% by the RDC/TMD and MRI, respectively. The diagnostic correlation between the clinical examination based on RDC and on MRI was weak.
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Hama, Shunpei, Fumiaki Inori, Dai Momose, and Sadahiko Konishi. "Total Hip Arthroplasty for Rapidly Destructive Coxarthrosis in a Patient with Severe Platelet Deficiency due to Liver Cirrhosis and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/469879.
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Rapidly destructive coxarthrosis (RDC) causes rapid and extreme destruction of the hip joint, which was reported by Postel and Kerboull. RDC is commonly unilateral and occurs mostly in elderly women. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by a low platelet count that is the result of both immune-mediated platelet destruction and suppression of platelet production. In patients with ITP undergoing surgery, bleeding associated with a low preoperative platelet count can lead to unsuccessful outcomes. To the best of our knowledge, there has been only one report describing total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with ITP and there have been no reports of THA for RDC with a very low platelet count due to liver cirrhosis (LC) and ITP. We report the case of a patient who had right RDC and a very low platelet count due to LC and ITP in whom THA was successfully performed. Furthermore, this case was also unique in that her platelet count increased after THA. THA for right RDC might resolve ITP by relieving inflammation of the right hip since her platelet count recovered after THA.
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Qing, Xin, and Ingegerd M. Keith. "Targeted blocking of gene expression for CGRP receptors elevates pulmonary artery pressure in hypoxic rats." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 285, no. 1 (July 2003): L86—L96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00356.2002.
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We previously described the protection by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) against hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Here, we examine the roles of its putative receptor RDC-1 and receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP) 1 in mediating this protection by selectively inhibiting their synthesis. RAMP1 is an accessory protein for another putative CGRP receptor, calcitonin receptor-like receptor. Antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ASODNs, 5 mg·kg-1·day-1 or 5 and 10 mg·kg-1·day-1 for RDC-1) targeting RAMP1 and RDC-1 mRNAs were chronically infused to the pulmonary circulation of male Sprague-Dawley rats during 7 days of normoxia or hypobaric hypoxia (380 mmHg), and α-CGRP ASODN was used as a technical control. CGRP, RAMP1, and RDC-1 ASODNs significantly elevated pulmonary artery pressure (PPA) in chronic hypoxic rats compared with hypoxic mismatched ASODN (MMODN) and saline vehicle controls. CGRP and RAMP1 ASODNs raised PPA in normoxic rats briefly exposed to 10% O2 above MMODN and saline controls. Moreover, normoxic rats treated with CGRP ASODN had higher basal pulmonary vascular tone compared with controls. These data confirm the protective role of CGRP in the pulmonary circulation and suggest that endogenous RAMP1 and RDC-1 are essential in regulation of PPA in hypoxia. This is the first in vivo evidence supporting RDC-1 and RAMP1 as functional CGRP receptor and receptor component.
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Yan, Guosen, Shiran Wang, Yang Li, Jing Zhang, Hao Ding, Yan Li, and Liebing Zhang. "Effect of Different Polymerization Degrees and Fatty Acids of Polyglycerol Esters on the Physical Properties and Whippability of Recombined Dairy Cream." Foods 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12010022.
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Polyglycerol esters (PGEs) are used as emulsifiers in recombined dairy cream (RDC) to improve product quality. In this study, the effects of four PGEs with different polymerization degrees and esterification on the particle size, viscosity, zeta potential, and microrheology of RDC emulsions were investigated, and the whipping time, overrun, serum loss, and firmness of the RDC emulsions were recorded. The results show that the addition of the PGEs reduced the particle size (from 2.75 μm to 1.48–1.73 μm) and increased the viscosity (from 41.92 cP to 73.50–100 cP) and stability (from 0.354 to 0.105–0.128), which were related to the change in interfacial properties and the weakening of Brownian motion, but there were differences in the effect on the whipping behavior of the RDCs. Although the addition of 0.9% triglyceride monolaurate gave the emulsion the best stability, the RDC had a longer whipping time (318 s) and a lower overrun (116.6%). Comparatively, the 0.7–0.9% concentrations of PGE55 and tripolycerol monostearate (TMS) provided RDC with good stability and aeration characteristics, allowing inflation within 100 s and expansion rates of up to 218.24% and 186.88%, respectively. In addition, the higher degree of polymerization of polyglyceryl-10 monstearate (PMS) did not work well at any concentration. These results contribute to understanding the mechanism of action of PGEs and improving the quality of RDC.
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Zhang, Chonghui, Xiao Qian, Jie Zheng, Pu Ai, Xinyi Cao, Xiaofei Pan, Tao Chen, and Yuhai Wang. "Controlled Decompression Alleviates Brain Injury via Attenuating Oxidative Damage and Neuroinflammation in Acute Intracranial Hypertension." BioMed Research International 2022 (February 9, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1936691.
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Background. The benefits of controlled decompression (CDC) for patients with acute intracranial hypertension especially in terms of alleviating the complications caused by rapid decompression (RDC) have been confirmed by clinical studies. This study is aimed at evaluating the therapeutic potency of CDC with ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by investigating the potential molecular mechanism in the acute intracranial hypertension (AICH) rabbit model. Methods. Male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly subdivided into the sham-operated (SH) group, CDC group, and RDC group. Blood plasma samples and brain tissue were collected 2 days before operation (baseline) and at 3, 6, 24, and 72 hours after operation to measure the levels of UCH-L1, GFAP, oxidative stress indicators, and inflammatory cytokines by performing ELISA or Western blot. The neurological score of the rabbits and brain water content was graded 24 h after surgery. qPCR, immunofluorescence, and FJ-C staining were conducted. Results. CDC improved neurological function, lowered brain water content, ameliorated neuronal degeneration, attenuated oxidative damage, and inflammatory responses to a greater extent than RDC. Plasma UCH-L1 level was significantly lower in the CDC group at 3 h postoperatively than in the RDC group. CDC reduced plasma GFAP levels to various degrees at 3 h, 6 h, and 24 h postoperatively compared with RDC. Immunofluorescence confirmed that the expression of UCH-L1 and GFAP in the cortex of the CDC group was lower than that of the RDC group. Conclusions. Our data collectively demonstrate that CDC could attenuate oxidative damage and inflammatory responses, downregulate UCH-L1 and GFAP levels, and contribute to an improved neuroprotective effect compared with RDC.
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Leite, Priscila, Nicole Melo, Pâmela Silva, Robinsom Montenegro, Paulo Bonan, and André Batista. "Low-level laser therapy for temporomandibular disorders (tmd) treatment: a systematic review of randomized trials." Journal of Research in Dentistry 2, no. 5 (September 1, 2014): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/jrd.v2e52014376-387.
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AIM: Conducting a systematic review of randomized clinical trials focusing on the efficacy of LLLT on pain control in patients with TMD, diagnosed by the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Search was performed at PubMed/MEDLINE database with the terms: (1) “Laser AND temporomandibular disorders”; (2) “Laser AND temporomandibular disorders AND RDC/TMD”; (3) “Low-level laser therapy AND temporomandibular disorders”; (4) “Low-level laser therapy AND temporomandibular disorders AND RDC/TMD”; (5) “Low-level laser therapy AND temporomandibular joint dysfuntion syndrome”; (6) “Low-level laser therapy AND temporomandibular joint dysfuntion syndrome AND RDC/TMD”; (7) “Laser AND temporomandibular joint dysfuntion syndrome” (8) “Laser AND RDC/TMD”; (9) “Low-level laser therapy AND RDC/TMD”. Inclusion criteria: articles need to be randomized clinical trial performed in humans; evaluate the effect of LLLT in the treatment of TMD diagnosed by the use of RDC/TMD; published in English or Portuguese in the last 10 years. Protocol studies and pilot studies were excluded. RESULTS: Ten studies were included. The type of laser used was Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs) diode, with exception of 1 paper, which used super pulsed Gallium Arsenide laser. Eight studies reported decreased in pain levels, in two articles there was no statistically significant difference between test and placebo groups. CONCLUSION: In most studies, LLLT was effective in pain remission, but there is no standardization in parameters like wavelength, output power and frequency. Studies with more complex experimental designs, standardized diagnostic criteria for TMD and defined protocols for the use of LLLT are needed to determine its efficacy in the treatment of TMD.
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Yan, Jun, Jingwei Yu, Wei Huang, Xiaoxue Pan, Yucheng Li, Shunyao Li, Yalu Tao, Kang Zhang, and Xuesheng Zhang. "Initial Studies on the Effect of the Rice–Duck–Crayfish Ecological Co-Culture System on Physical, Chemical, and Microbiological Properties of Soils: A Field Case Study in Chaohu Lake Basin, Southeast China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 21, 2023): 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032006.
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Rice–duck and rice–crayfish co-culture patterns can increase soil productivity and sustainability and reduce the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers, thereby reducing the resulting negative environmental impacts. However, most studies have focused on the rice–duck and rice–crayfish binary patterns and have ignored integrated systems (three or more), which may have unexpected synergistic effects. To test these effects, a paddy field experiment was carried out in the Chaohu Lake Basin, Hefei city, Southeast China. Four groups, including a rice–duck–crayfish ecological co-culture system (RDC), idle field (CK), single-season rice planting system (SSR), and double-season rice planting system (DSR), were established in this study. The results showed that the RDC improved the soil physical properties, fertility, humus content, and enzyme activity. In the RDC system, the soil total nitrogen content ranged from 8.54% to 28.37% higher than other systems in the 0-10 cm soil layer. Similar increases were found for soil total phosphorus (8.22–30.53%), available nitrogen (6.93–22.72%), organic matter (18.24–41.54%), urease activity (16.67–71.51%), and acid phosphatase activity (23.41–66.20%). Relative to the SSR treatment, the RDC treatment reduced the total losses of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff by 24.30% and 10.29%, respectively. The RDC also did not cause any harm to the soil in terms of heavy metal pollution. Furthermore, the RDC improved the yield and quality of rice, farmer incomes, and eco-environmental profits. In general, the RDC can serve as a valuable method for the management of agricultural nonpoint-source pollution in the Chaohu Lake area and the revitalization of the countryside.
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Hardie, R. C., and B. Minke. "Spontaneous activation of light-sensitive channels in Drosophila photoreceptors." Journal of General Physiology 103, no. 3 (March 1, 1994): 389–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.103.3.389.
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In Drosophila photoreceptors light induces phosphoinositide hydrolysis and activation of Ca(2+)-permeable plasma membrane channels, one class of which is believed to be encoded by the trp gene. We have investigated the properties of the light-sensitive channels under conditions where they are activated independently of the transduction cascade. Whole-cell voltage clamp recordings were made from photoreceptors in a preparation of dissociated Drosophila ommatidia. Within a few minutes of establishing the whole-cell configuration, there is a massive spontaneous activation of cation-permeable channels. When clamped near resting potential, this "rundown current" (RDC) accelerates over several seconds, peaks, and then relaxes to a steady-state which lasts indefinitely (many minutes). The RDC is invariably associated with a reduction in sensitivity to light by at least 100-fold. The RDC has a similar absolute magnitude, reversal potential, and voltage dependence to the light-induced current, suggesting that it is mediated by the same channels. The RDC is almost completely (> or = 98%) blocked by La3+ (10-20 microM) and is absent, or reduced and altered in the trp mutant (which lacks a La(3+)-sensitive light-dependent Ca2+ channel), suggesting that it is largely mediated by the trp-dependent channels. Power spectra of the steady-state noise in the RDC can be fitted by simple Lorentzian functions consistent with random channel openings. The variance/mean ratio of the RDC noise suggests the underlying events (channels) have conductances of approximately 1.5-4.5 pS in wild-type (WT), but 12-30 pS in trp photoreceptors. Nevertheless, the power spectra of RDC noise in WT and trp are indistinguishable, in both cases being fitted by the sum of two Lorentzians with a major time constant (effective "mean channel open time") of 1-2 ms and a minor component at higher frequencies (approximately 0.2 ms). This implies that the noise in the WT RDC may actually be dominated by non-trp-dependent channels and that the trp-dependent channels may be of even lower unit conductance.
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Yasuda, T., K. Matsunaga, T. Hashimura, Y. Tsukamoto, T. Sueyoshi, S. Ota, S. Fujita, and E. Onishi. "AB1137 CLASSIFICATION OF THE EARLY STAGE OF RAPIDLY DESTRUCTIVE COXOPATHY ACCORDING TO THE FEMORAL HEAD DESTRUCTION." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1858.1–1859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.347.
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Background:Rapidly destructive coxopathy (RDC) is an unusual subset of osteoarthritis of the hip characterized by rapid chondrolysis with progressive loss of the joint space as the first manifestation of the disease. Because rapid progression of RDC makes it difficult to obtain sequential radiographs in its early stage, the process of disease progression in the early stage remains unclear. Although the pathogenesis of RDC is still unclarified, the potential causes of RDC include subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head resulting from osteoporosis, pelvic posterior inclination in RDC as a mechanical factor, and increased serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 as a biological factor.Objectives:This study aimed to differentiate the process of disease progression in the early stage of RDC and provide its new classification system.Methods:This monocentric retrospective study included 42 female patients who met the criteria of RPOH, chondrolysis >2 mm during 12 months from the onset of hip pain based on a series of radiographs and computed tomography (CT). This study also included 9 female patients with osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), who demonstrated chondrolysis >2 mm during 12 months from the onset of hip pain. Cortical thickness index (CTI) correlated with bone mineral density of the hip, pelvic tilt, and serum concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 were analyzed.Results:RDC were classified into two types based on the absence (type 1, n=17) and presence (type 2, n=25) of subsequent femoral head destruction shown by CT within 12 months after the onset of hip pain. MMP-3 significantly increased in RDC type 2 compared with type 1 and DDH. Increased posterior pelvic tilt was found in RDC type 2 compared with DDH. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that MMP-3 may be associated with differentiation between RDC types 1 and 2. No difference was found in CTI between RDC types and DDH.RDC type 2 hips developed partial (type 2A) and massive (type 2B) femoral head destruction within the first 12 months. Whereas partial destruction showed <20% collapse ratio, massive destruction demonstrated >40% collapse ratio. Increased posterior pelvic tilt was found in massive destruction. Femoral head destruction started earlier within the first 6 months in massive destruction compared with that in partial destruction. From receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, pelvic tilt differentiated the femoral head destruction types using the initial radiograph at the onset before first demonstration of femoral head destruction. No difference was found in CTI or MMP-3 between the two subtypes.Conclusion:Disease progression of RDC during 12 months after the onset of hip pain could be classified into two distinct types based on the absence (type 1) and presence (type 2) of femoral head destruction in association with MMP-3 and pelvic tilt as biological and mechanical factors, respectively. MMP-3 may be helpful to differentiate those two types in the early stage of RPOH. The extent of femoral head destruction could further differentiate RDC type 2 into two subtypes based on pelvic tilt.Acknowledgments :This study was supported by the Japan Hip Joint Foundation.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Gyulai, Gábor. "Az RDC III dozimetriai rendszer alkalmazhatóságának vizsgálata, 20 évvel a modernizálása után II. rész." Haditechnika 55, no. 1 (2021): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.23713/ht.55.1.12.
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A szerző a tanulmány előző részében röviden összefoglalta az RDC III harcászati személyi dozimetriai rendszer eredeti, valamint felújítás utáni képességeit. Dr. Gyulai Gábor – az akkori Haditechnikai Intézet munkatársaként –, az első részben ismertetett modernizációs projekt témafelelőse volt. A szakember a közelmúltban a Gamma Műszaki Zrt. bázisán, 400 db RDC III D doziméter felhasználásával megvizsgálta a rendelkezésére bocsátott 4 db RDC III AGM készüléket (készletet). A tanulmány második része a 2020-ban végrehajtott vizsgálatokról, azok eredményeiről, illetve az eredményekből levonható következtetésekről szól.
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Valencia Tello, Diana Carolina. "Críticas al régimen diferenciado de contrataciones públicas." Prolegómenos 19, no. 38 (July 7, 2016): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18359/prole.1970.
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<p>Por causa del Mundial de Fútbol de 2014 y de los Juegos Olímpicos de 2016 en Brasil, el Congreso Nacional aprobó la ley 12.462/2011, que crea el Régimen Diferenciado de Contrataciones Públicas (RDC) con la finalidad de contar con un régimen de contratación eficiente. Desde 2012 el alcance del RDC se extendió por medio de diversas leyes a otras áreas y sectores públicos estratégicos, confirmando la tendencia de que el RDC pase a ser el modelo de licitación usualmente adoptado por la administración pública, en reemplazo al régimen de licitación general. Esa tendencia es preocupante porque, como se analizará en el presente artículo, el RDC trivializa principios fundamentales de la contratación pública, que son esenciales para el correcto funcionamiento de Estados democráticos constitucionales. </p>
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MABIALA, Grégoire IMEMBE. "Fiscalité et financement du processus électoral en RDC : Apport, convergences et perspectives." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 10, no. 3 (2023): 389–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2023-3-389.
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Cet article analyse l’impact de la politique fiscale sur le financement du processus électoral en RDC. Il est vrai que le financement des élections en RDC demeure une question qui divise les opinions. La gouvernement congolais a entrepris des marches différentes à chaque cycle électoral. A une certaine époque, le financement du processus électoral a bénéficié l’appuis extérieur; et à une autres époque, le gouvernement à décider de ne pas accepter le financement extérieur, c'est-à-dire que l’ Gouvernement a organisé les élections sur fonds propres. Ces différentes expériences poussent à s’interroger sur les sources de revenues pour trouver les moyens nécessaires à l’organisation des élections RDC. Cet article est focalisé sur la fiscalité comme source des revenues de l’Etat et sont impact sur le financement de la promotion de la démocratie en RDC.
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Seff, Ilana, Luissa Vahedi, Samantha McNelly, Elfriede Kormawa, and Lindsay Stark. "Remote evaluations of violence against women and girls interventions: a rapid scoping review of tools, ethics and safety." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 9 (September 2021): e006780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006780.
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Although programmes and policies targeting violence against women and girls (VAWG) have increased in the past decade, there is a paucity of evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions. To expand this evidence base, researchers increasingly employ remote data collection (RDC)—including online surveys, mobile applications and telephone interviews—in their evaluations. Although RDC allows for evaluations without in-person interactions—which are restricted during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic— information about these methods is necessary to understand their potential usefulness and limitations. This scoping review examines remote evaluations of VAWG interventions to describe the landscape of RDC methods, reflect on safety and ethical considerations, and offer best practices for RDC in VAWG research. Fourteen studies met eligibility criteria, with seven, five, and two studies employing telephone interviews, online surveys, and mobile applications, respectively. Studies commonly stated that participants were asked to use a safe email or device, but the method for verifying such safety was rarely specified. Best practices around safety included creating a ‘quick escape’ button for online data collection to use when another individual was present, explaining to participants how to erase browsing history and application purchases, and asking participants to specify a safe time for researchers to call. Only eight studies established referral pathways for respondents as per best practice. None of the eligible studies took place in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) or humanitarian settings, likely reflecting the additional challenges to using RDC methods in lower resource settings. Findings were used to create a best practice checklist for programme evaluators and Institutional Review Boards using RDC for VAWG interventions. The authors found that opportunities exist for researchers to safely and effectively use RDC methodologies to gather VAWG data, but that further study is needed to gauge the feasibility of these methods in LMICs and humanitarian settings.
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Lima, Ari Lima. "“Quelle est votre tribu?” Identidade, diferença e modernização na República Democrática do Congo." Boitatá 15, no. 29 (January 5, 2021): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/boitata.2020v15.e39718.
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Neste artigo pretendo, inicialmente, em um primeiro tópico, chamar atenção para questões ou inquietações sobre o continente africano. Depois disso, em um segundo tópico, pretendo enfatizar os impactos da colonização e da luta pela independência da Bélgica sobre a República Democrática do Congo (RDC). Feito isso, em um terceiro tópico, pretendo descrever situações particulares vivenciadas na realidade atual desta "república democrática" a partir das cidades de Lubumbashi, capital da Província de Haut Katanga, e Kamina, capital da Província de Haut Lomami. Por fim, apresento o argumento provisório de que os desafios impostos à RDC e ao povo congolês conduzem a um processo de modernização cristã. Este esforço de modernização é refém da memória do passado e de um “capitalismo europeizado colonial”, de uma ação política predatória e da guerra destrutiva e interminável que atinge o leste da RDC. Este artigo é resultado de uma viagem feita à RDC no ano de 2017. Naquela ocasião, sem dominar qualquer uma das línguas nativas da RDC, interagi com as pessoas, anotei e registrei dados através do francês, herdada da colonização belga, e da observação cotidiana do que via, ouvia e sentia.
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Ohlmann, Brigitte, Moritz Waldecker, Michael Leckel, Wolfgang Bömicke, Rouven Behnisch, Peter Rammelsberg, and Marc Schmitter. "Correlations between Sleep Bruxism and Temporomandibular Disorders." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 2 (February 24, 2020): 611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9020611.
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The aim of this study was to identify correlations between sleep bruxism (SB) and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) as diagnosed by means of the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD). Sleep bruxism was diagnosed on the basis of I) validated questionnaires, II) clinical symptoms, and III) electromyographic/electrocardiographic data. A total of 110 subjects were included in the study. Fifty-eight patients were identified as bruxers and 52 as nonbruxers. A psychosocial assessment was also performed. An RDC/TMD group-I diagnosis (myofascial pain) was made for 10 out of 58 bruxers, whereas none of the nonbruxers received a diagnosis of this type. No significant differences were found between bruxers and nonbruxers with regard to RDC/TMD group-II (disc displacement) and group-III (arthralgia, arthritis, arthrosis) diagnoses. Somatization was significantly more common among bruxers than nonbruxers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that somatization was the only factor significantly correlated with the diagnosis of myofascial pain. The results of this study indicate a correlation between myofascial pain, as diagnosed using the RDC/TMD, and somatization. It seems that somatization is a stronger predictor of an RDC/TMD diagnosis of myofascial pain than sleep bruxism is.
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Oshima, Katsuo. "Regular Dental Check-Ups Are Associated with Choosing Uninsured Dental Restoration/Prosthesis Treatment in Japan." Healthcare 11, no. 11 (May 28, 2023): 1582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111582.
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Since Japan has implemented Universal Health Coverage (UHC), most dental treatments are covered by public health insurance. Therefore, when receiving fixed dental restoration/prosthesis (FDRP) treatment, such as inlays, crowns, and bridges, the patient can choose whether or not it is covered by insurance. This study aimed to evaluate whether those who receive dental check-ups regularly chose uninsured FDRP treatment. Data were collected from 2088 participants, who had undergone FDRP treatment, via a web-based survey and analyzed. Among them, 1233 (59.1%) had received regular dental check-ups (RDC group) and 855 (40.9%) had not (non-RDC group). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that compared to the non-RDC group, those in the RDC group were statistically significantly associated with higher rates of good oral health behaviors (brushing teeth ≥ 3 times daily, odds ratios (OR):1.46; practiced interdental cleaning habitually, OR: 2.22) and received uninsured FDRP treatment more often (OR: 1.59), adjusted for socioeconomic factors. These results suggest that health policy interventions to promote access to RDC among individuals may improve the oral health of people and reduce the financial burden on the public health insurance system.
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de Saint Moulin, Léon. "35 ans de recherches en RDC." Civilisations, no. 54 (April 1, 2006): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/civilisations.355.
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Kakudji, Aimé. "Les enfants en rupture en RDC." Civilisations, no. 54 (April 1, 2006): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/civilisations.383.
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MINANI BIHUZO, Rigobert. "Le défi de l'impuntié en RDC." Ethische Perspectieven 15, no. 2 (June 10, 2005): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/epn.15.2.583501.
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List, T., and C. S. Greene. "Moving forward with the RDC/TMD." Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 37, no. 10 (September 3, 2010): 731–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2010.02135.x.
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Zimmerman, Mark. "Validity of RDC and DSM-III." Archives of General Psychiatry 42, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790290115015.
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Aksamija, E., and M. Siebenhofer. "Statorlose RDC-Extraktionskolonnen: Design und Betriebscharakteristik." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 85, no. 9 (August 23, 2013): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.201250632.
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Back, Carla, Kyle Brauer Boone, Carol Edwards, Carlton Parks, Karl Burgoyne, and Barbara Silver. "The Performance of Schizophrenics on Three Cognitive Tests of Malingering, Rey 15-Item Memory Test, Rey Dot Counting, and Hiscock Forced-Choice Method." Assessment 3, no. 4 (December 1996): 449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107319119600300411.
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The performance of individuals with severe psychiatric disturbance such as schizophrenia on tests designed to detect malingering of cognitive symptoms (e.g., Rey 15-Item Memory Test, RMT; Rey Dot Counting Test, RDC; Hiscock Forced-Choice, F-C, method) has not been formally investigated. Some malingerers feign cognitive impairment in the context of a pseudopsychotic presentation; thus, it is essential that we understand how actual psychotic individuals perform on these measures. In our sample of 30 schizophrenic patients, 13% failed the RMT, 13% failed the RDC, and 27% failed the F-C measure. The RMT performance appeared to be significantly affected by lowered educational level. In contrast, both RDC and F-C performances were related to presence of cognitive impairment, and the RDC was also significantly affected by increasing age. No test score was significantly related to psychiatric disturbance.
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Dubey, Richa, and Kuldeep Singh Patel. "Design, Molecular Docking, Synthesis, Anticancer activity of Thiazolidinedione derivatives." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 2 (April 28, 2024): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v15i2.4670.
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Newly designed thiazolidine-2, four-diones RD1-RD15 were synthesized, and their anticancer activities were screened against MCF-7 cancer cells. They exhibited significant activities against MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Compounds RD3 and RD9 were identified as highly potent derivatives against MCF-7 (IC50 = 6.58 and 9.15 µM, respectively). The highly effective derivatives RD1, RD9, RD6, and RD15 were also tested against VERO normal cell lines. All derivatives were evaluated for their androgen inhibitory activities and showed varying degrees of potency, with IC50 values ranging from 0.07 to 0.83 µM. Additionally, derivatives RD1, RD6, and RD15 were assessed to confirm their in vitro binding affinities for anticancer activities. Finally, docking studies were conducted to investigate their affinities and binding modes toward androgen receptors.