Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réacteurs à eau sous pression – Modèles mathématiques'
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Auder, Benjamin. "Classification et modélisation de sorties fonctionnelles de codes de calcul : application aux calculs thermo-hydrauliques accidentels dans les réacteurs à eau pressurisés (REP)." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066066.
Full textRobbe, Marie-France. "Modélisation en dynamique rapide d'accidents dans le circuit primaire des réacteurs à eau pressurisée." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0929.
Full textMarch, Philippe (1970. "Caractérisation et modélisation de l'environnement thermohydraulique et chimique des gaines de combustible des réacteurs à eau sous pression en présence d'ébullition." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11068.
Full textJulien, Jérôme. "Modélisation multi-échelles du couplage physico-chimie mécanique du comportement du combustible à haute température des réacteurs à eau sous pression." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2008AIX11077.pdf.
Full textIn the Pellet-Cladding Interaction (PCI) problems of a fuel rod, it is necessary to adopt a good description of the thermomecanical behaviour of the fuel. When the fuel is subject to fluctuations in power, one of the main strains is due to the phenomenon of gaseous swelling induced by irradiation. Indeed, fuel is a porous ceramic of U02 containing several types of cavities and the accumulation of fission products in gaseous form in these cavities causes swelling of the pellet. However, this gaseous swelling has an influence on the mechanical behaviour of the pellet and particularly the viscoplastic behaviour. To improve the description of this behavior, it was necessary to develop a micromechanical model capable of coupling two phenomena modelled independently : the transfer of gas between the various cavities and the estimation of mechanical viscoplastic strains of the fuel. This thesis is to link these two disciplines from the cavities present in the fuel: mechanics calculates changes in the volume fraction of cavities according to their pressure and physical reflects the evolution of the volume fraction of cavities to calculate an internally consistent pressure. In order to describe a microstructure much richer, a new micromechanics model was developed using a multi-scale to describe the viscoplastic behavior of nuclear fuel
Roche, Stéphane. "Modélisation simplifiée de l'écoulement radial d'un mélange de matériaux fondus à travers des crayons combustibles dans un coeur REP." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11058.
Full textZabiégo, Magali. "Rayonnement d'un bain de corium dans un milieu chargé en aérosols issus de l'interaction corium/béton." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11002.
Full textRichebois, Edwige. "Calculs de coeur REP en transport 3D." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11039.
Full textBlanc-Tranchant, Patrick. "Elaboration et qualification des schémas de calcul de référence pour les absorbants dans les réacteurs à eau pressurisée." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX11045.
Full textRubiolo, Pablo. "Modélisation du transfert thermique dans un milieu poreux : application aux réacteurs nucléaires en situation accidentelle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX11055.
Full textRicciardi, Guillaume. "Une approche milieu poreux pour la modélisation de l'interaction fluide-structure des assemblages combustibles dans un coeur de réacteur à eau pressurisée : simulation et expérimentation." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00337181.
Full textNous proposons, dans ce mémoire de thèse, d'établir les équations globales, du comportement du cœur, par une approche milieu poreux. Les équations locales, du fluide et de la structure, sont moyennées sur un volume de contrôle, nous définissons ainsi un fluide équivalent et une structure équivalente, dont les inconnues sont définies sur tout le domaine spatial. Le caractère non linéaire des assemblages combustibles est modélisé par une loi de comportement visco-élastique quadratique. Le couplage fluide-structure est pris en compte par une force volumique dont l'expression est issue de formules empiriques des forces fluides s'exerçant sur un tube soumis à un écoulement axial. Les équations ainsi obtenues sont résolues à l'aide d'une méthode éléments finis.
Une validation du modèle est proposée sur trois séries d'essais. La première présente deux assemblages combustibles soumis à un écoulement axial. L'un des deux assemblages est écarté de sa position d'équilibre et lâché, tandis que l'autre est laissé au repos. La deuxième met en œuvre six assemblages en ligne, immergés dans une eau stagnante, posés sur une table vibrante pouvant simuler un séisme. Enfin, la dernière propose neuf assemblages, disposés en un réseau trois par trois, soumis à un écoulement axial. Le déplacement de l'assemblage central est imposé. Les simulations sont en accord avec les expériences ; le modèle reproduit l'influence de la vitesse d'écoulement du fluide sur la dynamique et le couplage des assemblages.
Zhao, Zhao. "Identification d'une nouvelle phase d'hydrure de zirconium et modélisation à l'échelle mésoscopique de sa précipitation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10166/document.
Full textLn pile, zirconium alloys in contact with the primary medium are submitted to hydrogen absorption that has significant consequences on their thermodynamic, mechanical and corrosion behaviors. Therefore, hydrogen in solid solution or hydrides precipitation can affect Zirconium alloys behaviors during service but also in long term storage and in accidental conditions. For both fundamentals aspects and safety reasons it is important te understand the precipitation process and to predict the influence various parameters like temperature, stresses, cooling rates and microstructure may have. Numerical modeling at the mesoscopic scale is an appealing approach to describe the precipitation and the "phase field" method appears to be particularly weil suited. The achievement of a realistic mesoscopic modeling should take into account an accurate kinetic, thermodynamic and structural data base in order to properly describe hydride nucleation, growth and coalescence as weil as hydride interaction with externat stresses. Such a data base relies on experimental data that are not always available; this is the reason why an accu rate structural characterization was performed. Therefore transmission electron microscopy observations were carried out on Zircaloy 4 specimens with various H contents. From this study, a new hydride phase called <, coherent with the matrix, was identified
Pieraccini, Michel. "Contribution à la vérification et à l'amélioration des modèles d'oxydation d'un coeur de réacteur à eau pressurisée lors d'un accident grave." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11005.
Full textBourniquel, Julien. "Propriétés de transfert d'un contact métallique : application à l'étanchéité interne de robinetterie industrielle." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0551/document.
Full textIn a nuclear power plant from pressurized water reactor technology, the transfer of energy from fission of uranium 235 atom to the alternator producing electricity is performed through different water circuits. The context of this work is the primary circuit of the power plant where there is severe conditions of temperature and pressure (155 bar, 300°C). More precisely, this work is about the industrial valves which allow to regulate or interrupt the water flow in the water circuit or the auxiliary associated circuits. The interruption function is ensured by a metal-to-metal contact.In this work a model is derived and solved in order to relate the sealing leak-rate through the metal contact to a possible defect present on the surface. To accomplish this task, a coupled experimental and numerical approach is adopted. The numerical model allows to compute the contact between the plug and the seat and then the water flow through the remaining aperture field. This is performed by solving the equations of solid continuum mechanics with code_aster and the Reynolds equations with an original scheme based on the boundary element method. The experimental work allows to check the relevance of the model. It consists in the manufacture ofa sample seat holding a controlled defect and then a leak-rate measurement carried out with two different apparatus. Predictions of the leak-rate reveal to be in good agreement with that obtained experimentally at low clamping forces and overestimate the leakage for larger ones
Luche, Jöelle. "Le Terme source hydrogène en cuve, lors d'un scénario accidentel d'un réacteur à eau sous pression. Contribution à l'évaluation de l'outil de calcul MAAP4." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX11051.
Full textPeña, Carrillo Juan David. "Étude expérimentale du transfert paroi/fluide dans le cas d’un écoulement vertical vapeur/gouttes dans une géométrie tubulaire." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0193/document.
Full textDuring a Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR), caused by a break or a leakage on the primary circuit, partial or even complete drying of the fuel assemblies may occur. In these conditions, the fuel temperature increases, leading to a significant deformation and rupture of the fuel rod cladding. The cooling flow might be impaired, according to the size and distribution of the deformed zones within the fuel assemblies during the emergency cooling phase (Reflooding phase). To contribute to the thermalhydraulic study of the reflooding phase, this study aims to characterize experimentally the coolability of a representative deformed sub-channel by a steam-droplets flow under LOCA conditions. In order to reproduce such a scenario, the experimental thermal-hydraulic set-up COLIBRI was designed. Several geometrical blockage configurations are analyzed (Blockage ratios and axial lengths). Three measurement techniques are set up to follow the cooling transient phase of each experience: Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) in order to obtain both velocity and diameter of droplets, Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) to measure the mean droplet temperature and Infrared thermography to estimate the heat flux removed by the two-phase flow. Additionally, a one-dimensional mechanistic model, taking into account of the heat transfers mechanisms in the post-dry out region, is developed in order to analyze the experimental data and identify each one of the wall-to-fluid heat transfers (radiation with vapor and droplets, convection with vapor, evaporation, and droplet impact)
Yang, He. "Comportement hydromécanique des bétons sous pressions de confinement faible et élevé." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10161/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to characterize the mechanical and hydromechanical behavior of concrete and to develop a coupled hydromechanical model for concrete submitted a wide range of confining pressure under the saturated and partially saturated conditions.First of all, an experimental study was carried out in order to research the mechanical and hydromechanical behaviors of the material. Particular emphasis is placed on the evolution of permeability during mechanical loading. To ensure the integrity of concrete structures and avoid the privileged paths for fluid transfer, another series of tests were carried out in order to study the mechanical and hydromechanical behavior of fracture in concrete. Based on the obtained experimental data and the others research results of the concrete behavior under a large range of confining pressure, an elastoplastical model coupled with damage is proposed. This model is able to describe the main mechanical behavior of concrete under a wide range of confining pressure: the different mechanisms of developed plastics, the asymmetry of damage in compression and in tension, and the evolution of permeability during mechanical loading. .... The model was extended to the poromechanical coupling for the porous media partially saturated by using the concept of Barcelona. Finally, a poromechanical model is proposed to describe the behavior of fractures in saturated conditions. The numerical results manifested a good agreement with experimental data
Courtin, Fanny. "Etude de l’incinération du plutonium en REP MOX sur support d’uranium enrichi avec le code de simulation dynamique du cycle CLASS." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0044/document.
Full textNuclear fuel cycle simulation codes are used to evaluate fuel cycle future strategies and understand the nuclear fuel cycle physics. In the context of uncertainty related to the future of French nuclear fleet, especially on theSodium Fast Reactor (SFR) deployment, the present work aims to study alternative solutions for plutonium and heavy isotopes management, based on Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). Two hypothesis have been formulated to identify strategies. First, a delay has been expected in SFR deployment which induces a stabilization of plutonium inventory before SFR integration. The second hypothesis is based on the assumption that SFR won’t be deployed in France. For this specific case, a plutonium incineration strategy has been studied to quantify the PWR plutonium inventory reduction capacity. Fuel cycle simulations are performed using the fuel cycle simulator CLASS developed by the CNRS/IN2P3 in collaboration with IRSN. Plutonium multi-reprocessing in thermal reactor requires an innovative fuel. Developments have been made to simulate a fuel composed of MOX on enriched uranium support. An innovative methodology for fuel cycle simulation evaluation, based on Global Sensitivity Analysis, has been applied. This methodology leads to reference scenarios identification for plutonium and minor actinides inventories stabilization and reduction. Fuel cycle detailed simulations have been performed to produce fuel cycle data, to analyze PWR plutonium management at the cycle scale