Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réacteurs à lit fixe'
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Courtais, Alexis. "Conceptions optimales de réacteurs à lit fixe par fabrication additive." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0003.
Full textThis thesis is a prospective work which aims to apply in Chemical Engineering shape optimization methods developed in other areas of engineering. The first part of this work is dedicated to the development of a shape optimization method to determine the optimal configuration of a two-dimensional packed reactor with a single phase liquid flow. The developed method is then applied to determine the shape of the reactor packing that minimizes the energy dissipation in the fluid due to viscous friction, the average outlet concentration of reactant, or both simultaneously using multi-objective optimization. The optimal configurations determined are satisfactory and allow a significant improvement of the conversion rate or the energy losses in the reactor. In a second part, an experimental campaign was carried out in order to validate the CFD simulation performed by OpenFOAM software, required by the developed shape optimization approach and modeling the fluid flow and reactions involved in the reactor. For this purpose, scale 1 prototypes of the initial and optimal reactors have been manufactured by 3D printing in order to experiment them. The experimental campaign is based on 3 measurement techniques, the PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry), the measurement of RTD (Residence Time Distribution) and the measurement of the conversion rate at the reactor outlet. Finally, it has been shown that the optimization of the reactor in its 2D form allows a significant improvement of its performance even if the determined configuration is probably sub-optimal. Indeed, after comparing the experimental measurements with 2D and 3D simulations, it has been found that the 3D simulation is more representative of reality than the 2D simulation. Thus, optimizing the reactor in its 3D form would be an interesting perspective for the future works, provided the problem of constraints related to the reactor additive manufacturing step is fixed
Ellman, Michael John. "Caractéristiques des réacteurs triphasés à lit fixe fonctionnant à co-courant vers le bas." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10265.
Full textSabiri, Nour-Eddine. "Etude de l'écoulement des fluides newtoniens et non newtoniens à travers les milieux poreux : lits fixes et lits fluidisés." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT2052.
Full textLara, Marquez Alejandro. "Les réacteurs à lit fixe à co-courant vers le haut de gaz et de liquide : étude du transfert de matière gaz-liquide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL138N.
Full textDeydier, Alexandre. "Modélisation d’un réacteur de gazéification a lit fixe." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3012/document.
Full textOne of the thematics of the “Laboratoire Thermique Energétique et Procédés de Pau” is the study and the valorization of waste as pyrolysis, combustion and gasification for example. In this context, this work deals with modeling of heat, mass and momentum transport in a multiphase multi components reactive medium for a fixed bed gasifier. Conservation equations are first written for each phase. The macroscopic partial differential equations are expressed by integrating these microscopic conservation laws over a representative volume. This change of scale, described in this work, leads to a homogeneous system of equations. This model is applied to the case of the gasification of waste process of the Europlasma company named CHO-Power. The unsteady two-dimensional simulations of the problem allowed to highlight the different mechanisms present during the process and a number of locks in obtaining convergence path leading to the steady state
Azgui, Samira. "Comparaison des performances catalytiques entre un réacteur à lit fixe et un réacteur à lit fluidisé : application à la réduction des oxydes d'azote." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1036.
Full textPitault, Isabelle. "Modélisation du craquage catalytique de distillats sous vide : modèle cinétique basé sur une description moléculaire." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2296.
Full textLarpin, Laurent. "Traitement des rejets d'industries de transformation du lait par bioréacteur à membrane associant un lit fixé anaérobie et une unité d'ultrafiltration." Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN2060.
Full textColli, Serrano Maria Teresa, and Gabriel Wild. "Hydrodynamique et transfert de chaleur dans un réacteur à lit fixe gaz-liquide-solide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL098N.
Full textGutsche, Stephan. "Transfert de chaleur dans un réacteur à lit fixe à cocourant ascendant de gaz et de liquide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL026N.
Full textBenkrid, Karima. "Étude globale et locale de l'hydrodynamique des écoulements gaz-liquide dans les réacteurs à lit fixe." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL027N.
Full textGenot, Jean-Paul. "Nouvelles approches d'étude de l'hydrodynamique en milieu poreux." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL080N.
Full textRode, Sabine. "Analyse spatio-temporelle des phénomènes hydrodynamiques et de transfert de matière au sein d'un réacteur à lit fixe opérant en écoulement monophasique de liquide ou en co-courant vers le bas de gaz et de liquide : mise en œuvre de la technique des microsondes électrochimiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL093N.
Full textSoltana, Farouk. "Simulation de l'hydrodynamique et des transferts de matière et de chaleur dans les réacteurs à lit fixe." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2004_SOLTANA_F.pdf.
Full textThis work deals with modelling and simulation of hydrodynamics, liquid-to-wall mass and heat transfer in fixed bed reactors with both single phase liquid and co-current gas/liquid down flow (trickle-beds). Ln modelling, the averiged statistical approach developed by Kashiwa and Rauenzahn (1994) is adopted through the use of the code CFDlib. Different phenomenological relations of fluids/solid and gas/liquid interactions are used to close the process model equations. Simulations of hydrodynamics and liquid-to-wall mass transfer are carried out in trickling and dispersed flow regimes. Ln addition to these two regimes, the simulation of induced pulsing flow is investigated. The results are compared to the experimental measurements previously obtained in our laboratory in trickle-bed reactors and to appropriate correlations of literature. Concerning heat transfer, only single phase liquid down flow is considered. The simulation is based on both homogenous and heterogeneous models
Lamarche, Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et à la modélisation de la gazéification étagée de biomasse en lit fixe." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT2093.
Full textReal alternative with combustion, the energy valorization of the biomass by gasification and CHP answers to the double problem of energy production and wood residues elimination. The work presented in this thesis is related to the development of a dimensioning tool for the continuous fixed bed and external heating pyrolysis reactors integrated into staged gasification process for small and middle power plants (< 500 kWe). This tool allows the prediction of the temperature fields and species concentrations within the bed according to the operating conditions (reactor geometry, wood mass flowrate, wall temperature) and biomass properties (moisture, particle type). Within the framework of this tool development, a staged experimental device made up of a fixed bed and external heating pyrolysis reactor, and of a batch gasification reactor was developed. The obtained transient temperatures profiles on the pyrolysis reactor allowed the validation of a batch pyrolysis model and the determination of a key parameter of the model: the effective thermal conductivity. At the conclusion of this validation, the model was extrapolated for the modeling of continuous pyrolysis, and a parametric study made it possible the limiting parameters identification during pyrolysis with external heating. Lastly, experimental results obtained on the gasification reactor of the experimental device are presented, and recommendations for the improvement of partial oxidation and char reduction stages are given
Latifi, Abderrazak. "Analyse globale et locale des phénomènes de transfert de matière liquide-solide dans un réacteur à lit fixe fonctionnant à co-courant vers le bas de gaz et de liquide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10042.
Full textLarachi, Faïçal. "Les réacteurs triphasiques à lit fixe à écoulement à co-courant vers le bas et vers le haut de gaz et de liquide : étude de l'influence de la pression sur l'hydrodynamique et le transfert de matière gaz-liquide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1991_LARACHI_F.pdf.
Full textRoussel, Martial. "Hydrocraquage d'alcanes sur des systèmes catalytiques amorphes : étude des paramètres régissant l'activité et la sélectivité des catalyseurs." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2300.
Full textThe aim of this work was to develop catalysts allowing to transform selectively the vacuum distillates into gasoil. The catalysts used in this work were Ni and W sulfides supported on silica-alumina. Hydrocracking of vacuum distillates was modelized by the hydrocracking of n-decan. The acidic function played a very small role in the reaction scheme due to the weak acidity of the support. The main reaction observed was the isomerization of n-decan into monobranched isomers. Owing to the small importance of the bifunctional cracking reaction, a direct cracking reaction of n-decan was evidenced. This reaction took place on the hydro-dehydrogenating function, through abstraction of a proton by a basic sulfur atom. A NiW content half of the habitual one did not modify the activity and the selectivity of the catalyst. The unpromoted W/silica-alumina catalyst was as active as the promoted NiW/silica-alumina catalyst, produced more multibranched isomers and less cracking products
Borremans, Didier. "Opération périodique des réacteurs catalytiques à lit fixe arrosé : étude expérimentale de l'hydrodynamique, de la conductivité thermique radiale et de la maldistribution de l'écoulement liquide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL039N.
Full textThe influence of periodic operation on the hydrodynamics in trickle-bed reactors, and on the related parameters, was studied experimentally in this work. Periodic operation consisted in a square-waved liquid feed. The pulse flow domain can be extended towards lower mean liquid velocities by a periodic liquid feed to has been observed experimentally that a tracer's residence time depends upon the moment of injection. This dependence is very well predicted when taking the propagation of continuity waves into account. The importance of the residence time variations during one feed cycle depends on the du ration of the cycle, with all other operating parameters constant. The plug flow character of the liquid does not seem to be deteriorated by periodic operation. No significant effect on the "natural" distribution of the liquid, measured at two different scales, has been observed. The effective radial thermal conductivity under periodic operation is of the same magnitude as the one measured under steady state conditions at the same mean liquid velocity
Haid, Jürgen. "Recherches sur un procédé de conversion catalytique de méthane en hydrocarbures supérieurs." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL113N.
Full textLesage, François. "Modélisation et expérimentation des transferts de matière et de quantité de mouvement dans les réacteurs à lit fixe." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790847.
Full textFerreira, Martins Márcio. "Structure d'un front de combustion propagé en co-courant dans un lit fixe de schiste bitumineux broyé." Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000749/.
Full textThe structure of a combustion front propagating in a fixed bed of crushed oil shale: co-current configuration. The propagation of a combustion front in reactive porous medium involves thermal, chemical and fluid flow mechanisms, with strong couplings. In order to describe the thermal and chemical structure of the combustion front, a new experimental device, finely instrumented, allowing to carry out 1D experiments in co-current combustion was designed and developed. To validate the combustion cell, a porous medium model - a mix of charcoal/sand was used. This fixed bed down flow reactor is equipped with an original system that allows micro sampling gas within the combustion front. For the experiments with the oil shale from Timahdit in Morocco, it was crushed and sieved into particle size at 500-1000 µm and mixed with sand. The combustion was carried out at air velocity of 0. 024 m s-1 at STP. The front propagates at 6. 13x10-5 m s-1 and its temperature peak is 1100 °C. A mass balance was made based on a detailed chemical and physical characterization of the medium, its solid residue after combustion and flue gas. The organic matter is converted into 1/4 of fixed carbon – which the oxidation reactions provide the energy to propagate the front -1/4 into pyrolysis gas and 1/2 into oil. A two temperature numerical model developed by IMFT was validated. Combining, experimental and numerical approach made it possible in fine to evaluate the thickness of the different reaction zones: oil shale devolatilization, fixed carbon oxidation and CaCO3 decarbonation. A parametric study varying the air velocity and particle size is finally proposed
Dória, Silva Humberto. "Étude de la répartition de la lumière dans un réacteur photocathalitique solaire." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL119N.
Full textLéonard, Stéphan. "Synthèse de Fischer-Tropsch en réacteur à alimentations séparées." Compiègne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001COMP1359.
Full textBellut, Maxime. "Fonctionnement d'un réacteur catalytique à lit fixe arrosé en régime cyclique pour l'oxydation du dioxyde de soufre sur charbon actif." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10381.
Full textBaussaron, Loïc. "Étude du mouillage partiel et du transfert de matière liquide-solide en réacteur à lit fixe arrosé." Toulouse, INPT, 2005. https://hal.science/tel-04581826.
Full textThe topic of this work is the investigation of trickle beds in conditions of partial wetting, more precisely the measurement of the wetting efficiency, f, and of the liquid-solid mass transfer coefficient kLS, for low liquid flow-rates. Firstly, a local study, involving a bidimensional mock-up, has allowed to identify the key-mechanisms and to underline the major effect of liquid-solid affinity on wetting. A detailed literature survey of the different measurement techniques of f has led to identify the best technique for our experimental conditions: tracer method. A second method, more original, has been developed, coupling colorimetric evaluation and image processing. The sensitivity analysis, carried out with these two techniques, shows the influence of bed pre-wetting, liquid distribution, and liquid superficial velocity on f. It confirms also the major effect of liquid-solid affinity. A predicting model has been proposed. Finally, the measurements of kLS, carried out by dissolution of a low soluble solid, prove that kLS depends strongly on local liquid film velocity and weakly on gas velocity
Dupont, Nicolas. "Vaporeformage du methanol en gaz de synthèse et oxydation partielle en formaldehyde : approche mécanistique, étude cinétique et mise en oeuvre de réacteurs micro-structures." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10077.
Full textThe increasing use of biomass and biofuels will lead to new and promising processes and intensified use of methanol in case of innovating reactors that are efficient, small and above all cheap. A catalytic micro-structured reactor (design and coating) was developed, evaluated and compared with a fixed bed reactor. Some tremendous advantages were pointed out such as low The increasing use of biomass and biofuels will lead to new and promising processes and intensified use of methanol in case of innovating reactors that are efficient, small and above all cheap. A catalytic micro-structured reactor (design and coating) was developed, evaluated and compared with a fixed bed reactor. Some tremendous advantages were pointed out such as low ΔP, very good temperature control and to be adapted tool to study the kinetics of the methanol steam reforming. The use of micro-structured reactors for the methanol partial oxidation permits for a manufacturer of formaldehyde polymeric derivatives to produce its own formaldehyde according to its need (reduction of storage cost and less monomer stabilization problems). Development and engineering of those reactors was studied. Moreover, the reaction and the positive role of water on the selective conversion were investigated in detail for silver based catalysts, by comparing fixed bed and micro-structured configurations
Tahraoui, Karim. "Hydrodynamique, transferts de matière, mise en œuvre et modélisation d'une réaction catalytique dans un réacteur triphasé Verlifix muni d'un venturi à jet." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL034N.
Full textMarcandelli, Céline. "Hydrodynamique, transfert de chaleur particule-fluide et distribution des phases dans les réacteurs à lit fixe à écoulement à co-courant descendant de gaz et de liquide." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL093N.
Full textRolland, Matthieu. "Des limites à la réduction d'échelle en réacteur de test catalytique en lit fixe?" Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10142/document.
Full textIn order to lower costs, testing of catalytic pellets (spheres or extrudates) is performed in ever smaller fixed bed reactors whereas catalytic pellet size is unchanged. The object of this thesis is to explore domains where downsizing leads to new questions in terms of physics, repeatability and modeling. The thesis is built in 5 chapters, 1) a detailed introduction of the context and a review of the literature on small fixed bed reactors, 2) a discussion about flow patterns in fixed beds filled with fine powder where capilary effects are not negligible, 3) a presentation of a methodology to assess the impact of sampling small number of pellets out of a non uniform set and results for internally mass transfer limited reactions, 4) a study of the effect of randomness in fixed beds first through a pore network model with a good ability to predict trends but lacking accuracy, then using direct numerical simulation of a reactive flow in fixed beds made of 8 cylinders arranged in several configuration showing that packing effects occur, concurrently with external mass transfer limitations, when cross flow diffusion is not fast enough to level out convection and reaction induced gradients, 5) a conclusion that summarizes design criteria and offers a few perspectives for R&D in downsizing
Ould-Mame, Sidi Mohamed. "Contribution au génie de la dégradation photocatalytique de polluants organiques de l'eau sur TiO₂ en lit fixe." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL101N.
Full textLegros, Fanny. "Étude phénoménologique et modélisation des mécanismes d'oxydation et d'adsorption d'impuretés gazeuses en hélium : application à l'optimisation du système de purification d'un réacteur à caloporteur gaz." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL106N/document.
Full textIn GEN IV studies on future fission nuclear reactors, two concepts using helium as a coolant have been selected: GFR and VHTR. Among radioactive impurities and dusts, helium can contain H2, CO, CH4, CO2, H2O, O2, as well as nitrogenous species. To optimize the reactor functioning and lifespan, it is necessary to control the coolant chemical composition using a dedicated purification system. A pilot designed at the CEA allows studying this purification system. Its design includes three unit operations: H2 and CO oxidation on CuO, then two adsorption steps. This study aims at providing a detailed analysis of the first and second purification steps, which have both been widely studied experimentally at laboratory scale. A first modelling based on a macroscopic approach was developed to represent the behaviour of the reactor and has shown that the CuO fixed bed conversion is dependent on the chemistry (mass transfer is not an issue) and is complete. The results of the structural analysis of the solids allow considering the CuO as particles made of 200 nm diameter grains. Hence, a new model at grain scale is proposed. It is highlighted that the kinetic constants from these two models are related with a scale factor which depends on geometry. A competition between carbon monoxide and hydrogen oxidation has been shown. Activation energies are around 30 kJ.mol-1. Simulation of the simultaneous oxidations leads to consider CO preferential adsorption. A similar methodology has been applied for CO2 and H2O adsorption. The experimental isotherms showed a Langmuir type adsorption. Using this model, experimental and theoretical results agree
Vergel, Hernandez César A. "Les Réacteurs catalytiques à lit fixe avec écoulement de gaz et de liquide : comparaison sur le plan théorique et expérimental de la performance du réacteur dans différents sens d'écoulement." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1993_VERGEL_HERNANDEZ_C_A.pdf.
Full textCazaudumec, Jean-Luc. "Recherche d'un catalyseur performant dans la réaction de transformation directe de l'isobutane en acide méthacrylique." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD755.
Full textDelattre, Cyril. "Contribution à l'étude de l'encrassement des catalyseurs de craquage catalytique pendant leur fonctionnement : rôle des conditions de réaction et de la composition des charges, effet sur les vitesses de réaction." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10312.
Full textCochegrue, Hélène. "Modélisation cinétique du reformage catalytique sur catalyseur Pt-Sn/Al2O3." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT2262.
Full textMartinov, Martin. "Bioconversion, hydrodynamiques et transfert de matière dans un réacteur à lit fixe fibreux." Lorient, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LORIS182.
Full textIn the past twenty years, the technologies using fixed bacteria have developed greatly in the field of wastewater treatment. The bacterial biofilm technique can meet the industrial requirements, such as high flow rate, reduced reactor volume and process stability, etc. A study of published information on biofilms and conditions of their formation has been accomplished and is shown in Chapter 1 "Literature survey". The factors affecting the initial attachment of cells and development of biofilm and the detachment of cells were investigated as well as the methods for studying the influence of these factors. Materials used as supports for biofilm formation and bioreactors, working with biofilms were reviewed. Following the research results described in Chapter 1, the main objective of the present work has been posed as follows: To perform a study to extend the options and techniques for technical-scale biofilm utilization by uncovering the properties of a new polyethylene-vinyl-acetate co-polymer support for biofilms as well as the characteristics of a technical scale reactor for its use. Due to the wide variety of biofilm applications, the study has been limited to the aspect of waste water treatment. The objective posed is requiring resolving the tasks related to study of PEVA properties influencing on the attachment of cells and the development of biofilm, and to feasibility study on PEVA to operate technically in bed, selection of the technical form and appropriate unit – a biofilm reactor - to operate the particular biofilms and characterization of the biofilm reactor performance. Solving these tasks requires the use of different techniques, methods and materials described in details in Chapter 3 "Materials and Methods". To determine the various parameters of the materials and processes, unique techniques were used such as scanning electron microscopy; epifluorescence microscopy, infrared microspectroscopy, spectrophotometry. Also conventional techniques and methods were used for measuring the physicochemical parameters of the materials and medias such as contact angle and surface free energy, viscosity, density and the parameters of technological processes namely hydrodynamics, mass transfer rate, gas hold up and bubble size distribution. Results and comments on them are presented in Chapter "Results and discussion. " Surface characteristics of the microorganisms and series of supports were examined. PEVA material was selected as a support and was tested for biofilm formation. It was found that the polymer network of PEVA material is a suitable medium for the development of biofilm. The effectiveness of the immobilized and free cells in flasks and in a reactor with fibrous fixed bed was studied. Also the influences of the extreme chemical and thermal disturbance as well as the influence of the dilution rate were examined. It is found that on a fibrous fixed bed made from PEVA material, stable biofilms were developing, suggesting that this bed is suitable for use in semi-industrial and industrial bioreactors. Some characteristics of the reactor with fibrous fixed bed, namely, residence time distribution, gas hold-up, bubble size distribution and gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient were determined. The values of parameters studied were determined and the results were compared to previous data of other authors. Some empirical correlations between these characteristics and various parameters as gas and liquid velocity, physicochemical properties of the medium and height of the bed packing are proposed. The deviation between experimental and predicted values is within 15 %. In general, we established that the biofilm reactor with fixed bed with medium recycle designed to incorporate the fibrous packing (PEVA) shows stable operation in continuous mode and it is suitable for use in the field of wastewater treatment
Dorai, Ferdaous. "Étude numérique des chargements et de l'hydrodynamique dans des réacteurs pilotes à lits fixes." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/13784/1/dorai_partie_1_sur_2.pdf.
Full textKundu, Arunabha. "Tree phase reactors : A, Hydrodynamics and partial wetting of trickle beds : B, absorption enhancement in gas-liquid-liquid bublle column." Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPT003G.
Full textRuhaut, Laurent. "Conception d'un procédé continu de fermentation en lit fixe par levures immobilisées : étude de son application a la fermentation partielle de mout brassicole." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL018N.
Full textBonnin, Charles. "Evaluation de l’expérimentation haut débit en milli lit fixe pour le screening de catalyseurs Fischer-Tropsch." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10111.
Full textNowadays, catalyst screening for a Fischer-Tropsch application in slurry bubble column reactors is often a slow process, performed in small autoclave reactors. High throughput experimentation in micro packed bed reactors could accelerate it and provide activity and selectivity for a large number of catalysts, in a short time. This research thesis work aimed at addressing the numerous issues related to the comparison of results obtained in these two different reactors
Nevicato, David. "Modélisation de la cinétique du craquage catalytique : influence de la température de réaction." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10192.
Full textMadani, Behrang. "Synthèse de Fischer-Tropsch sur catalyseur à base de cobalt supporté sur carbure de Silicium." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/MADANI_Behrang_2005.pdf.
Full textThe Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) leads to various products, mainly alkanes as well as olefins and alcohols, starting with precise mixture of CO and H2. Currently, natural gas is recovered as a by-product of oil extraction and directly burnt, which leads a non negligible economic loss as well as an atmospheric pollution due to the production of CO2. The reaction of FTS is one of the ways permitting valorisation of natural gas after its transformation in gas of synthesis (mixture of CO and H2). The SFT reaction is exothermique and requires fast evacuation of heat from the catalytic sites in order to avoid the problem of hot spots formation and subsequent cracking of formed products. The supports used traditionally for the FTS are insulating supports, such as alumina and silica, which does not permit a good evacuation of heat. In this work, we replaced the insulating support by a conducting support based on SiC, which permits a better homogenisation of the temperature in the catalytic bed. In this study, different reaction parameters- the Co content, the total pressure and contact time, have been optimized in order to obtain the best activity, selectivity and stability of the catalysts. We also studied the influence of the morphology of the support on the catalyst performance. Among the different shapes of support based on SiC (grain, extrudes and foam), the support as foam seems to have the best performance. We finalised the procedures of regeneration of the catalyst as well as the doping by molybdenum. The thus obtained catalysts present the best activity and selectivity
Felis, Vincent. "Dépollution d'effluents aqueux contenant des composés aromatiques chlorés par hydrogénation catalytique." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10004.
Full textNicolaus, Nathalie. "Hydrogénation du glucose en réacteur triphasique continu sur catalyseurs au nickel et au ruthénium." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10019.
Full textNaderifar, Abbas. "Étude expérimentale locale et globale du transfert de matière liquide/solide à la paroi d'un réacteur à lit fixe." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL149N.
Full textSahban-Kifani, Fatima. "Étude et modélisation d'un réacteur catalytique triphasé Verlifix en vue de son optimisation." Compiègne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987COMPD080.
Full textBergault, Isabelle. "Etude cinétique et mise en oeuvre de l'hydrogénation catalytique de l'acétophénone dans deux réacteurs continus : la colonne à bulles et le lit fixe ruisselant." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT013G.
Full textJacquier-Gonod, Véronique. "Polymérisation anionique coordinée par ouverture de cycles oxygénés : du procédé discontinu au procédé continu sur colonne réactive." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10091.
Full textAlnnasouri, Muatasem. "Etude du développement de biofilms dans des réacteurs de traitement d’eau." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL085N/document.
Full textThe development of biofilm has been studied over long periods of time (two to seven months) in laboratory-scale rotating biological contactors and fixed bed reactors continuously fed with municipal wastewater or synthetic growth media. Two reactors have been specifically designed for this purpose. The biofilms have been subject to hydrodynamic and chemical (antibiotics) stresses. The overall biological activity of the reactors have been monitored, in terms of carbon and nitrogen removal. The phenomena of sloughing and re-growth have been characterized on smooth and rough surfaces using image analysis non-destructive techniques. The amount of biomass present on the substratum has been evaluated by the biofilm opacity and this monitoring method has been validated by comparison with destructive methods such as crystal violet staining and dry weight. The biofilm macrostructure, related to growth, sloughing and re-growth phenomena, has been evaluated through visual texture characterization of the scanning gray level co-occurrence matrix (SGLDM) and the gray level run length method (GLRLM). The results shows the efficiency of image analysis as a rapid and cheap method to monitor biofilm development on the long term