Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réactif de'
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Ji, Wei-Yun. "Développement d'un concept d'agent compatibilisant-traceur réactif visant à étudier l'évolution de la réaction interfaciale et de la morphologie de mélanges de polymères réactifs." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0247/document.
Full textPolymer blending is a common method to prepare high-performance polymer materials. However, most polymer pairs are thermodynamically immiscible, leading to phase separation and deterioration in material properties. To overcome such problems, the most common method is reactive compatibilization which is based on the in-situ formation of a graft or block copolymer by interfacial reaction between reactive polymers. This thesis aims at developing a concept of reactive compatibilizer-tracer which will allow using small amounts of reactive compatibilizers to evaluate their compatibilizing efficiency in industrial scale twin screw extruders, on the one hand; and to characterize the mixing performance of a twin screw extruder as a function of process conditions and/or screw profile. Its main contributions are summarized below. 9-(methylaminomethyl) anthracene (MAMA), a fluorescent molecule, is incorporated into a random copolymer of styrene (St) and 3-isopropenyl-?, ?’-dimethylbenzene isocyanate (TMI), denoted as PS-TMI, to form a reactive compatibilizer-tracer, denoted as PS- TMI-MAMA. The latter serves both as a reactive compatibilizer due to its isocyanate moieties and a tracer due to its fluorescent moieites. It is used for polystyrene (PS)/polyamide 6 (PA6) blends to evaluate its compatibilizing efficiency. Compatibilized PS/PA6 blends are processed in a batch mixer and in a twin screw extruder, respectively. In the case of the batch mixer, the amount of the in-situ formed graft copolymer denoted as PS-g-PA6-MAMA increases and the dispersed phase domain diameter (DDD) decreases drastically in the initial period of mixing. As the mixing further proceeds, the number of PA6 grafts of the PS-g-PA6-MAMA increases, resulting in a highly asymmetrical composition of the PS-g-PA6-MAMA which causes thermodynamic instablility at the interface. As a result, it could be pulled out of the interface to the PA6 phase and form micelles. Once it is pulled out of the interface, it will lose its compatibilizing efficiency and the dispersed phase domain diameter increases sharply. Mixing has a dual effect on the reactive compatibilization process. On the one hand, it promotes the interfacial reaction between the PS-TMI-MAMA and PA6. On the other hand, it aggravates the pull out of the resulting PS-g-PA6-MAMA from the interface. The use of small amounts of the reactive compatibilizer-tracer together with transient experiments for RTD allows assessing the evolutions of the reactive compatibilizer-tracer content (CC), the dispersed phase domain diameter (DDD), and the reacted reactive compatibilizer-tracer content (RCC) as a function of residence time in a twin-screw extruder. Based on the above results, the emulsification curve (DDD vs. CC), the RCC vs. CC curve and effective emulsification curve (DDD vs. RCC) are obtained. When the molar mass of the reactive compatibilizer-tracer is fixed, its compatibilizing efficiency increases with increasing TMI content within an appropriate range. When its TMI content is fixed, the interfacial reaction goes faster as the molar mass of the reactive compatibilizer-tracer decreases within a certain range, and the DDD becomes smaller in a shorter time. The effect of degree of fill fixed by the throughput Q/screw speed N ratio is more dominant than that of residence time. As the degree of fill increases, the interfacial reaction increases and the DDD decreases. As the angle of adjacent the kneading block increases, its distributive and dispersive mixing efficiencies increase, resulting in an increase in interfacial area generation and a decrease in DDD on the basis of the same amount of PS-g-PA6-MAMA. On the other hand, as the width of the kneading block increases, the distributive mixing efficiency increases and the dispersive mixing efficiency remains unchanged. Substitution of kneading blocks by reverse ones increase both the distributive and dispersive mixing efficiencies
Riviere, Sylvain. "Optimisation et simulation du rotomoulage réactif." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00838690.
Full textSabit, Souhila. "Les méthodes numériques de transport réactif." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01057870.
Full textJasinski, Lukasz. "Transport réactif en milieux poreux fracturé." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066025.
Full textThis work addresses flow and reactive solute transport in fractured porous media on a mesoscopic scale by direct numerical simulations in a discrete fracture model (DFM). The model is three-dimensional. The numerical scheme is based on a finite volume formulation, with implementation of a flux limiting scheme of the SuperBee type in order to minimize numerical dispersion. Particular attention is paid to the triple control volume formulation and exchanges between the porous matrix and the fractures which allow for a precise description of the flow and the transport processes even when the contrast between the fractures and porous matrix transmissivities is high. Various physical situations and applications are studied, ranging from the analysis of the simple cases of passive and reactive transport in the unfractured matrix, transfer between disk shaped fracture to the embedding porous matrix, to more complex ones such as induction between fractures in the porous medium. Finally, full simulations of passive and reactive solute transport in long rods of porous matrix containing percolating or non percolating fracture networks are conducted and analyzed
PORTO, PIMENTA AMILCAR. "Modélisation numérique d'un sillage réactif confiné." Poitiers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993POIT2349.
Full textLevy, Nicolas. "Etude numérique d'un jet diesel réactif." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECDL0044.
Full textBensetiti, Zouhir. "Compétition réaction-diffusion estimation de la diffusivité effective du réactif et de l'efficacité du catalyseur." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL134N.
Full textButtay, Romain. "Etude de l'interaction choc/turbulence/combustion en écoulement cisaillé réactif : analyse des jets réactifs fortement sous-détendus." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0009/document.
Full textThis dissertation is devoted to the study of sheared supersonic reactive flows and more specifically the dynamics of highly underexpanded jets. Such complex compressible turbulent flow conditions are of praclical interest for scramjets as well as rocket engines applications. Similar condit ions may also be found during the accidentai releases of flammable substances into the atmosphere during high pressure vessel rupture or venting. This work is conducted with a high fidelity computational solver: CREAMS (Compressible Multi-reactive species Solver). It uses high precision numerical schemes third-order Runge Kutta scheme for time integration, plus a combination of seventh and eighth-order centered and WENO schemes for spatial integration. The molecular transport terms and chemical sources terms are handled with the most accurate descriptions, i. e., including detailed transport and chemistry. Inert flow simulations allow to characterize the importance of shock/turbulence interactions with a special emphasis placed on the small-scale scalar mixing. Highly under-expanded reactive hydrogen jet simulations underline the specific difficulties associated to ignition and combustion stabilization even in the presence of an external deposit of energy. Finally, the analysis of the rocket engine igniter jet reveals some specific features of self-ignition phenomena in such non-premixed conditions
Gujisaite, Valérie. "Transport réactif en milieux poreux non saturés." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL056N/document.
Full textThe aim of this work was to study the link between water flow and physical and chemical interactions in soils under variably water flow conditions, in order to improve the prediction of contaminants fate. It deals with understanding how the porous media water content can modify soil reactivity towards contaminants, and assessing the possibility to predict reactivity under unsaturated conditions with reactive solute transport studied in saturated porous media. Various processes were considered: cations exchange calcium-zinc on a model porous media (sand-kaolinite), sorption and desorption of an organic compound on a non polluted soil, transport of priority contaminants such as PAHs on an industrial contaminated soil. In each case, experiments were carried out with soil columns at the laboratory scale under saturated and unsaturated steady-state flow conditions, in order to characterize at first hydrodynamics and then to study the link with reactivity. Modeling of the breakthrough curves was then performed with codes such as CXTFIT. We showed an influence of porous media water content on reactive transport which was different as a function of the interaction. Porous media structure must also be taken into account. Ions exchange on a model porous media was not globally modified by the water content varying in a range close to saturation. On the contrary, higher sorption and lower migration of organic contaminants were observed under unsaturated conditions. Reactive transport of these compounds cannot therefore be predicted under unsaturated conditions with tests performed on saturated porous media which may overestimate transport
Hamidi, Abdelmoumen. "Modélisation et simulation du rotomoulage réactif du polyuréthane." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0016/document.
Full textReactive Rotational molding (RRM) is a process for manufacturing hollow plastic products with no weld lines, in virtually any shape, size, color and configuration, using biaxial rotation and high temperature. Understanding and modelling of physical phenomena provide a great contribution for process control that is the purpose of a more general program.Firstly, a characterization and the kinetic modeling of the thermoset polyurethane are performed in anisothermal conditions followed by rheological measurements in order to establish rheokinetik model and the the viscoelastic behavior of the reactive system according with RRM conditions.Afterwards, to simulate the RRM, Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is applied which is suited method to simulate the fluid flow with free surface such as occurs at RRM. This solver is developed by our team. Modelling and simulating reactive system flow depend on different parameters; the physical phenomena involved are: surface tension force and non-newtonian fluid behavior.The surface tension method has been successfully applied to simulate RRM using SPH solver taking into account free surface tension force. Surface tension force is given explicitly in the current model. After detecting the boundary particles, the interface is locally fitted by using Lagrangian interpolation polynomial or fitting circle in 2D and by using fitting sphere in 3D, respectively. To study the non-newtonian fluid flow during RRM, a power law describes the evolution of the viscosity versus shear rate was adopted to describe the viscoelastic nature of the reactive fluid during its shaping.The implementation of surface tension and viscoelasticity allows us to present the wettability of internal surface of the mold and the spreading of different polymers layers.Keywords : Reactive rotational molding, thermoset polyurethane, rheokinetik, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, surface tension, non-newtonian fluid, simulation
Bosc, Jean-François. "Techniques d'évitement réactif et simulation du trafic aérien." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT103H.
Full textVallet, Gérard. "Contribution au pilotage réactif d'installations flexibles d'assemblage automatique." Besançon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BESAA007.
Full textDezellus, Olivier. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de mouillage réactif." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0033.
Full textIn this work we performed an experimental study of reactive wetting to understand the relation between the spreading of the liquid and the formation of a new phase at the liquid/solid interface. The model systems chosen for this study are composed by a carbon substrate (vitreous carbon or monocrystalline graphite) and a liquide alloy consisted of a non-reactive matrix (essentially Cu but also Ni, Ge and Sn) and a reactive solute (Si, Cr, B and Ti) forming a wettable carbide. This choice allows the two types of reactive spreading to be obtained, ie controlled by the chemical reaction or by the diffusion of the reactive solute. The spreading kinetics are studied using two specific methods (the "trasnfered" drop and the "dispensed" drop) which allow the processes of drop formation and of spreading to be separated. Surface control and characterization of the interfaces are performed using optical microscopy, high resolution optical profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectroscopy and Auger spectroscopy. In the case of spreading kinetics controlled by the chemical reaction we show that in the general case wetting usually takes place in a single stage at decreasing spreading velocity, and that this velocity depends only on the instantaneous contact angle. We define this contact angle as an equilibrium contact angle which reflects continually the coverage of the liquid/solid interface by the reaction product at the triple line. Finally, we show that reaction kinetics and spreading kinetics are controlled by the dissolution of the substrate. In the case of spreading kinetics controlled by the diffusion of the reactive solute, we perfom a numerical modelling which takes into account the role of the diffusion and interfacial reaction behind the triple line, and also the role of the evaporation/condensation which occurs ahead of the triple line
Kozlova, Olga. "Brasage réactif Cu/acier inoxydable et Cu/alumine." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0072.
Full textIn this work we study the physico-chemical and mechanical aspects of the copper/stainless steel and copper/alumina brazed joints. In the physico-chemical part we study the wettability, the reactivity at the interfaces and the microstructure of the brazed joints. The mechanical part relates to the copper/alumina joints obtained by reactive brazing and includes tensile tests and shaft loaded blister tests. From the results we propose optimal solutions of assemblies in term of temperature, brazing time and composition of the braze
Toubiana, Vincent. "Routage réactif sécurisé dans les réseaux ad hoc." Paris, ENST, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENST0052.
Full textAd hoc networking is a new wireless communication paradigm where routing and forwarding functions are assured by nodes so that such networks do not rely on infrastructure and can be deployed spontaneously. Ad hoc networks can be either deployed in a stand-alone fashion or attached to a network infrastructure to form hybrid mesh networks. Instances of the former category are Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) which are spontaneous and infrastructureless emerging networks supporting a new class of mobile applications. However, most of ad hoc networks innovative and promising characteristics raise new challenging issues which are critical regarding security risks. In this thesis, our concern is to design a global security architecture aiming at securing the main network operations that may exist in both pure ad hoc or hybrid WLAN mesh networks. Our main contributions concern of the Adaptive Secured Multipath for Ad hoc networks (ASMA) architecture, the Multipath Trust based Routing Protocol (MTRP) and the On-demand Multipath CERTification (OMCERT) protocol. ASMA supports many functionalities including multipath routing, trust management, key/certificate exchange and application adaptation. We propose a global architecture for both pure and hybrid ad hoc networks. From the analysis of strengths and weaknesses of secured routing protocols, we designed a new robust routing structure called Secured Multipath Graph (SMG). SMG structure is extracted from the mesh ad hoc network for each communication to be established between a source and a destination. Especially, SMG is a robust structure based on node-disjoint path routing scheme and dynamic trust management that can be adapted
Tousimi, Aikaterini. "Composites nanocristallins métal-céramiques obtenus par broyage réactif." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0190.
Full textBergeot, Ghislain. "Extension du concept "One-column" au lit mobile simulé réactif : application à la séparation réactive des C8 aromatiques." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL057N/document.
Full textToday, pure paraxylene (PX) is mainly obtained from a mix of C8 aromatics by a separation process based on adsorption: the Simulated Moving Bed (SMB). The other components of the blend are sent to an isomerisation reactor and are recycled to the SMB. 75% of the SMB feed flow rate come from this recycle flow. Coupling reaction and separation by inserting isomerisation reactors between the adsorption beds of the third zone (Simulated Moving Bed Reactor, SMBR) should allow a reduction of this recycling flow rate.The main objective of this thesis is to develop a new methodology for studying SMB and SMBR processes based on:- a simplify experimental tool : the One-column reactive (OCR) pilot unit- simulators of the OCR which will be validated by the experimental results obtain on the pilot unit- simulators of SMB and SMBR processes which give access to industrial processes results.Simulation results show that OC system seem to be sensitive to key parameters of C8 aromatics separation (PX/EB selectivity and micropore diffusivity). Results on the pilot unit highlight the difficulties to implement an experimental OC. Hypothesis are given to explain those results but, without modification, OCR pilot unit cannot be used to study xylene separation (with or without reaction).SMBR study done by simulation shows the impact of the placement and the number of reactors. Integration of SMBR in the global PX production scheme is also essential. SMBR allows an important reduction of recycling flow rate (up to 50%)
De, Lucia Marco. "Influence de la variabilité spatiale sur le transport réactif." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004649.
Full textAmir, Laila. "Modèles couplés en milieux poreux : transport réactif et fractures." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373688.
Full textCe travail est divisé en trois parties : la première partie contient une analyse de différents schémas numériques pour la discrétisation des problèmes d'advection-diffusion, notamment par une technique de séparation d'opérateurs, ainsi que leur mise en oeuvre informatique, dans un code industriel.
La deuxième partie, qui est la contribution majeure de cette thèse, est consacrée à la modélisation et à l'implémentation d'une méthode de couplage globale pour le transport réactif. Le système couplé transport-chimie est décrit, après discrétisation en temps, par un système d'équations non linéaires. La taille du système sous-jacent, à savoir le nombre de points de grille multiplié par le nombre d'espèces chimiques, interdit la résolution du système linéaire par une méthode directe. Pour remédier à cette difficulté, nous utilisons une méthode de Newton-Krylov qui évite de former et de factoriser la matrice Jacobienne.
Dans la dernière partie, nous présentons un modèle d'écoulement dans un milieu fracturé tridimensionnel, basé sur une méthode de décomposition de domaine, et qui traite l'intersection des fractures. Nous démontrons l'existence et l'unicité de la solution, et nous validons le modèle par des tests numériques.
Belouaggadia, Naoual. "Modélisation de l'interaction vibration - dissociation dans un écoulement réactif." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11004.
Full textFahs, Marwan. "Modélisation du transport réactif multicomposants en milieu poreux saturé." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/FAHS_Marwan_2007.pdf.
Full textThe modeling of reactive transport is done sequentially with the operator splitting approach or simultaneously with the global approach. The first work in reactive transport showed the superiority of (OS) compared to (GA). However, recent work highlighted the OS weakness in certain configurations. In the first part of this work we studied the tow approaches (OS) and (GA) for various configurations of chemistry-transport. In order to avoid the major disadvantage of (GA), who is the high cost in CPU time, we developed a new efficient and robust model. The obtained results show that, with this model, (GA) becomes more efficient and more precise than (OS). This advantage becomes more important in the case of complex chemistry with sorption and precipitation/dissolution reactions. The second part of this work is interested to the development of numerical schemes for modeling reactive transport. In fact, the majority of the existing models use Eulerian methods for the transport equations. These methods require a very fine space and time discretization and consequently a prohibitory CPU times. In order to solve this problem, we use in this work the Eulerian Lagrangian Localized Adjoint Method (ELLAM). The objective of this work is to develop the potentialities of ELLAM to solve the reactive transport problem. The first step of this part consists in combining the ELLAM with OS and GA. The obtained results show that for kinetic reactions, OS_ELLAM is more efficient than GA_ELLAM. However, for the equilibrium reactions, ELLAM_GA becomes preferable. The second step is the improvement of the ELLAM in order to avoid the numerical diffusion problem. A new formulation of ELLAM is developed. This formulation was tested for linear and nonlinear transport. The result shows that our new approach is less sensitive to the time step and avoids any numerical diffusion
Dhifallah, Marwa. "Modélisation moléculaire des nanoparticules bimétalliques AuCu sous gaz réactif." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENCM0005.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the theoretical description of the effect of the environment on AuCu nanocatalysts. In the framework of density functional theory (DFT), the stability of the AuCu bimetallic system, modeled as semi-infinite surfaces, free nanoparticles and supported nanoparticles, was studied in the presence and in the absence of reactive gas. From a thermodynamic point of view, and under vacuum conditions, the segregation of gold at the surface is favored, which is due, in part, to its lower surface energy compared to that of copper. However, in the presence of gas molecules (CO, NO or O2), the results show an inverted segregation, of copper towards the surface and of gold towards the bulk. These results confirm and explain the experimental observations and also make it possible to predict the localization of the copper on the surface of the alloy in the presence of gas environment.Over the AuCu surfaces, the energetic study of segregation anisotropy (i.e. the segregation forces versus surface terminations) shows preferential segregation of Cu toward the (110) surface, in the presence of gas. The analyses of the electronic structure from the calculation of density of states and charge distributions reveal very different characters of gas molecules and therefore different effects on the AuCu alloy, namely a local character for CO, semi-local for NO and a completely different behavior for the case of O2.In the form of nanosized particle (truncated cuboctahedron of 38 atoms), the AuCu stability as a function of Au content and for different alloy types (core-shell, regular alloy, skin-heart) was investigated by considering surface energy calculations. The results reveal the existence of a linear relationship between the chemical composition and the stability of AuCu. In addition, for Au content equal and beyond 20%, the AuCu bimetallic nano-alloys are found to be more stable than the pure Au and Cu components. In the presence of gas, a thermodynamic model that takes into account the adsorption of CO molecules was developed to predict the stability diagram as a function of temperature and CO pressure. The results show the instability of Cu nanoparticles under gas pressure and predict a critical composition in Au of about 15% from which the AuCu nanoalloys become stable. These results are in full agreement with recent experimental reports.Finally, the effect of the oxide support has been carefully investigated by considering the adsorption of AuCu nanoparticles over TiO2 (100) anatase surface. The analysis of energetic components (deposition and interaction energies etc.), geometric effects (nanoparticle and support deformations) and electronic properties (charge transfers) as well as the study of the reactivity, made it possible to understand the behavior of the supported nanoalloys and to evaluate the effect of the anatase support; not at all the same depending on the structure and the chemical order of the considered nanoparticle
Izquierdo, Eduardo. "Étude théorique et expérimentale de décharges électriques à haute pression et faible courant en milieu non-réactif et réactif appliqué à la synthèse d'hydrocarbures." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00685101.
Full textNgouh, Ghogomu Frédéric. "Simulation du transport réactif dans un milieu poreux discrètement fracturé." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65450.pdf.
Full textSameut, Bouhaik Izzeddine. "Modélisation multi-échelles du transport réactif des nanoparticules dans l'environnement." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062205.
Full textSameut, Bouhaik Izzeddine. "Modélisation multi-échelles du transport réactif des nanoparticules dans l’environnement." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2003/document.
Full textReactive transport of NPs in porous media involves three main processes: aggregation, deposition and transport of NPs. The natural system is characterized by the complexity and interdependence of these three processes. In addition, these processes do not necessarily have the same study or modeling scale. This explains the extreme difficulty to describe simultaneously all these interdependent processes in one easy-tohandle numerical model. We have simplified the system by separating the different processes. Then, we solve the problem of scale by the homogenization or the multi-scale approach. Dividing the initial problem into different processes on different scales facilitates the numerical solution and the understanding of each process separately. In this study, a multi-scale approach has been developed to model, each mechanism at its own scale. We considered two modeling scales, the microscopic or interfacial scale (nanometric scale), and the mesoscopic scale (micrometric scale). At the microscopic scale, the processes of aggregation and deposition have been modeled in a similar manner with the DLVO theory. Surface electrostatic properties of NPs and rocks are described by a surface complexation model implemented in geochemical modeling program (PHREEQC). This surface complexation model was tested for two types of materials, titanium and silica. At the mesoscopic scale, the deposition is quantified by the classic filtration theory (CFT) in the initial phase when the filter is clean. The transport of NPs in porous media was simulated by a pore network model (PNM) at the mesoscopic scale. This transport model was coupled with the deposition-aggregation model and also indirectly with the surface complexation model. These three models are coupled in a single model called: PhreeqC Pore Network Transport (PPNT1.0)
Varon, Eliott. "Contrôle réactif d'écoulements décollés à l'aide de PIV temps réel." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLET008/document.
Full textSeparated flows are ubiquitous in nature and industrial systems, such as diffusers, airfoils, air conditioning plants, moving vehicles... As the separation can strongly influence the performances of such devices, investigating their dynamics and their control is of great interest.A visual sensor developed at PMMH laboratory is first improved to measure in real time the velocity fields and its derived values for flows available in wind tunnels. Based on an optical flow algorithm from the computer vision domain, this new experimental approach makes easier parametric studies and may be used in closed-loop controls.The dynamics of the flow over a flat plate are then investigated. A system identification method - the dynamic observer - is successfully implemented to build a reduced-order model of the transient flow, which captures and predicts well the instabilities generated.Finally, the fully turbulent wake of the square-back Ahmed body is described. Dynamical system tools are applied to characterize it. Using continuous and pulsed micro-jets, different forcing strategies are analyzed. An opposition closed-loop control is implemented, tracking and driving the recirculation
Herz, Dominique. "SYTER, conception et définition formelle d'un langage réactif temps-réel." Nantes, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NANT2050.
Full textSecondi, Jacques. "Composites nanocristallins céramique-métal préparés par broyage réactif d'alliages précurseurs." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0044.
Full textColleoc, Alain. "Caractérisation de l'écoulement diphasique dans un jet immergé non réactif." Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT2316.
Full textFontanier, Jean-Charles. "Développement d'un système réactif pour composites acryliques par procédé RTM." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI024.
Full textNowadays, polymer matrix composites are widely used for aerospace, automotive, railway and sport industries. For similar structural properties, these materials coul be very attractive since they could be 30 to 40% lighter than metallic counterparts. In the current context of environmental development issues, thermoplastic-based composites, (in our case acrylic matrix based one), can be considered as they can be easily recycled as opposed to thermoset-based ones. Furthermore, they could exhibit good mechanical properties, i.e. stiffness and impact resistance, enabling them to be relevant for many applications. Manufacturing structural composites requires to produce parts without defects having complex geometries. For this purpose Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) has been selected to process such composites. Indeed, it corresponds to a low temperature closed-mold process allowing for manufacturing complex continuous fiber-based-reinforced parts. However, it requires precursors with a very low viscosity (η < 1 Pa.s) to ensure a good impregnation of the dry preform. To be cost effective, fast reactive systems have also to be selected. Thermoplastic polymers which own a very high viscosity in molten state cannot be directly used. Our strategy is to design an acrylic-based reactive formulation exhibiting a very low initial viscosity, i.e. about 100 mPa.s and which can subsequently polymerizes via a free radical mechanism once the mold is filled and the preform fully impregnated. Therefore, our main objective is to optimize curing conditions (especially thermal initiator ratios and temperature) of RTM-compatible acrylic-based reactive formulations to lead to suitable composite parts with high conversion rate, low residual monomer content and relevant process cycles
Loukarfi, Larbi. "Hydrodynamique d'un jet axisymétrique diphasique non-réactif : modélisation de l'entrainement." Poitiers, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985POIT2058.
Full textRofoo, Mazin. "Préparation de n-oxa bicyclo [6. 1. 0] nonanes par cyclisation d'alcools omega-éthyléniques induite par un électrophile : applications." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112026.
Full textIn this work, we examine the reactivity of unsaturated alcohols and acids with bis (collidine) iodo (i) and bromo (i) hexafluorophosphate to obtain 8-membered ethers by halo cyclizations. In the first chapter, we study the influence resulting of the introduction of a cyclopropane ring in the carbon-chain of alcohols, if an ethylenic bond was present in terminal position. We then examine the haloetherification reaction using the iodo and bromo reagents. These reactions were carried out in ch2cl2 at rt. Substrats were added to the halo reagents. Products were purified by silica gel liquid chromatography, and their structures were established from their nmr and ir spectra. Usually, oxocanes were obtained with yields in the range 11-80%. In the particular case of the vinyl cyclopropane alcohol, the reaction leads to the formation of a tetrahydropyran derivative. Higher yields were obtained using the iodo reagent compare to the bromo reagent. In the second chapter, results were applied to the synthesis of natural products such as arenarans a and b. Our results show the limite of electrophilic cyclizations. In deed, the key step of our synthesis, i-e the formation of the oxocane failed, propably for steric hindrance. We examine different accesses to aplyparvanine. Aplyparvanine possessing interesting biological properties. We prepared different mono or di substituted alcohols and acids and study their reaction with hbi and hbb. We found than yields in oxocanes were low if a substituent was present in of the carbon-carbon double bond. However, substitution of the double bond in terminal position does not hinder the cyclization
Acosta-Bermejo, Raul. "Rejo : Langage d'Objets Réactifs et d'Agents." Paris, ENMP, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENMP1158.
Full textBenoit, Emmanuelle. "Étude analytique d'un réactif de transparisation du lait et des produits laitiers." Nancy 1, 1989. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1989_0041_BENOIT.pdf.
Full textDidier, Mathilde. "Etude du transfert réactif de l'hydrogène au sein de l'argilite intacte." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770176.
Full textLandry, Karine. "Contribution à l'étude du mouillage réactif : étude du système aluminium/carbone." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0043.
Full textArezki, Brahim. "Étude des ions d'un plasma réactif : effets d'une perturbation harmonique imposée." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112037.
Full textEstaben, Bernard. "Modélisation des transferts dans un milieu réactif : application à la C.V.D." Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0193.
Full textBoesinger, Cécile. "Mélange diffusif et réactif dans des réacteurs tubulaires à trajectoires complexes." Pau, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PAUU3029.
Full textThe PhD presents the study of the mixing of diffusing and reacting fluids in tubular reactors. The flow can lead to chaotic trajectories, even to very small speeds. First of all, a batch reactor compound of six elbows ordered in the three directions of the space was experimentally compared with a flat toroidal reactor of the same volume. For the studied experimental conditions, the three-dimensional structure of elbows does not bring significant earning for the mixing with regard to a structure in the same plan. Then, two types of opened reactors are compared. The efficiency of mixing in a reactor in alternative Dean flow and in a helical reactor is studied in experiments and numerically. It is demonstrated that the mixing by advection in the reactor in alternative Dean flow is more efficient than is the helical reactor
Meux, Eric. "Les polysulfures : réactif d'inertage des métaux lourds dans les déchets sidérurgiques." Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Meux.Eric.SMZ9430.pdf.
Full textFaced with the environment protection, the management of steelmaking wastes brings up the problem of the leaching of heavy metals like zinc, lead or cadmium. For dust and sludge intended for landfilling, a reaction of sulfuration is an average to make inert these toxic elements in the form of insoluble components. The study of a process concerns the chemical action of polysulfides solutions. The synthesis of this kind of reagent is optimised and the control of solutions focused. The kinetic of sulfuration of different mineralogical forms of zinc, the most problematical element for steel industry, is studied. It evidences the mineralogical transformation of leaching phases with a reaction time quite compatible with an industrial operation. The bases of a simple and rapid sulfuration process are established in treating wastes arising from different stages of steelmaking. The detoxication reality is proved by means of leaching tests. Therefore, an industrial application can be considered
Bertrand, Frédéric. "Un modèle de contrôle réactif pour les langages à objets concurrents." La Rochelle, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LAROS005.
Full textGarnier, Philippe. "Controle d'éxécution réactif de mouvements de véhicules en environnement dynamique structuré." Grenoble INPG, 1995. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005045.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis is about automated movements of vehicles within a semi-structured dynamic environment. The problem in focus is the reactive control of vehicles in environments such as "automated parking area" or "dedicated driving lanes". The basic topology of these environments are assumed to be known a-priori. However, unforeseen static and dynamic obstacles might be encountered during the movement of the vehicle. In order to tackle the problem it is necessary to make a nominal motion plan with only a partial knowledge of the world. This nominal plan is modified whenever necessary by means of a reactive mechanism. The current work particularly focusses on this latter aspect. In this work a kino-dynamic planner is coupled to a reactive controller which is able to adapt in real-time to the unexpected changes in the environment. The controller consists of a set of basic behaviors such as trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance all of which may be activated simultaneously. These behaviors are then combined to obtain a global behavior corresponding to the planned movements. The controller employed is a Mamdani type fuzzy controller based on the fuzzy logic. The main interest in the use of a fuzzy controller is that the desired behaviors can be encoded in the form of weighted rules which in turn can be expressed in a language similar to the natural human language. The simulation results of the controller are easily extended to experiments performed on a real vehicle within the INRIA/INRETS Praxitele project
Toyé, Marco. "Une approche intégrée de la conduite de production : vers l'atelier réactif." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10167.
Full textRahier, Nicolas. "Nouvelles applications de l'azayldiure Ph3P=N-Li : réactif de transformation fonctionnelle." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20116.
Full textGréard, Traut Elisabeth. "Compréhension des mécanismes de frittage réactif de céramiques à liaison sialon." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECAP0863.
Full textRegaieg, Yassine. "Synthèse par frittage flash réactif de manganites magnétocaloriques pour application domestique." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077115.
Full textThe goal of this work was to synthesize manganites by an original method, Reactive Spark Plasma Sintering (R-SPS), and to study their structural, microstructural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties with the constant concern to correlate the synthesis conditions to the measured characteristics. The synthesis method bas been developed and optimized for the LaMnO₃ compound before being applied to the doped derivatives La₀,₆₇Ca₀,₃₃₋xSrxMnO₃ et La₀,₈₅Na₀,₁₅₋xKxMnO₃, obtained by partial substitution on site A of the perovskite. All the manganites are obtained in less than half an hour, at temperatures from 800 to 1000°C. They are dense and composed of fine grains (about 100 nm). Their structure is similar to those obtained by the ceramic route but XANES studies on the compound doped with calcium have shown that the ratio Mn3+/Mn4+ is higher because of the reducing conditions of the SPS. Magnetic measurements revealed the formation of ferromagnetic manganese clusters in the paramagnetic regime. Our materials have a lower magnetization compared to the micrometric grain-sized compounds obtained by the ceramic route but this lower value is compensated by a broadening of the para to ferromagnetic transition, resulting in similar relative cooling powers (RCP). For the best Systems, La₀,₆₇Ca₀,₁₈₋Sr₀,₁₅MnO₃ and La₀,₈₅Na₀,₁₅MnO₃,, the RCP values under 5T around room temperature are 78-77% of that observed for gadolinium, making them good candidates for domestic magnetic refrigeration and economically advantageous
Yin, Binbin. "Contribution au pilotage réactif des sytèmes flexibles d'assemblage : méthode d'équilibrage dynamique." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA2035.
Full textMonestrol, Henri de. "Démouillage réactif en phase solide : Ag sur Ni en atmosphère oxydante." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0011.
Full textLeroy, Nicolas. "Blanchiment des pâtes cellulosiques utilisant l'oxygène comme principal réactif de traitement." Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0006.
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