Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réactions de couplage croisé'
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Gervais, Bruno. "Synthèse de caerulomycines par réactions de métallation et de couplage croisé en série pyridinique." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUES009.
Full textCorpet, Martin. "Réactions des arylzinciques avec les dérivés d'alcynes catalysées par le cobalt." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00961703.
Full textRousseau, Lidie. "Catalyse au fer des réactions de couplage croisé : mécanismes, identification et spéciation des intermédiaires réactionnels." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASF020.
Full textFor a few years iron catalysis has been considered as a cheap and environmentally benign alternative for traditional noble metal catalysts. Still, because of its hardly controlled access to a large scope of oxidation and spin states, iron’s reactivity as a catalyst has not been fully understood yet. This work first investigates the question of iron’s catalytically active oxidation states in cross-coupling reactions, through an experimental and computational study. The second part of the manuscript deals with the comprehension of some Fe-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The detrimental homocoupling pathway of an aryl-aryl Kumada reaction is elucidated, and the mechanism of the reaction between organomanganese nucleophiles and alkenyl electrophiles is investigated. Finally, the modification of the metal’s coordination sphere thanks to the addition of σ-donating ligands helps to understand the matter of the transmetallation degree control during the cross-coupling process. This work uses classic inorganic chemistry techniques, along with several spectroscopies (NMR, EPR, Mössbauer) and theoretical DFT calculations
Lakmini, Hakim. "Etudes mécanistiques de réactions catalysées par des complexes de palladium mettant en jeu des réactifs organoborés : homocouplage et couplage croisé." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066498.
Full textBarré, Baptiste. "Fonctionnalisation d'hétérocycles par des réactions métallo-catalysées." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066461.
Full textCross-coupling reactions, as Prof. K. C. Nicolaou said “have changed the way we think about synthesis”. Indeed, cross-coupling reactions are powerful tools to access easily and rapidly to a library of compounds in the context of medicinal chemistry. Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling rules the field and was recognized by the Nobel Prize in 2010 but, since its discovery, others metals have appeared as good alternatives to the expensive and toxic palladium salts such as copper, nickel, cobalt and iron salts. In medicinal chemistry, heterocycles are essential moieties since they are found in a great number of drugs on the market. It is always a challenge for organic chemists to develop new methods to produce motifs with interesting pharmacological properties such as substituted azetidines, pyrrolidines and oxetanes. sp3 Halides are challenging substrates for cross-coupling because the oxidative addition of the metal in the C-X bond is difficult and because side reactions can take place like -hydride elimination or dehydrohalogenation. Nevertheless, cobalt and iron are suitable catalysts to perform cross-coupling reactions on sp3 halides. Herein, we would like to report two catalytic systems allowing the cross-coupling between heterocyclic alkyl halides and Grignard reagents using cobalt and iron salts. A mechanistic study on cobalt-catalysed cross-coupling reaction between halides and Grignard reagents will be also presented
Villiers, Pierre. "Synthèse d'un nouveau réactif d'hexavinylogation. Réactions de couplage croisé pallado-catalysées sur le 1,6-dibromohexa-1,3,5-triène." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES051.
Full textGonnard, Laurine. "Réactions métallo-catalysées : synthèse d'hétérocycles azotés saturés fonctionnalisés." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066438/document.
Full textIn order to facilitate the total synthesis of active molecules used in pharmaceutical or agrochemical industries, chemists try constantly to develop new, general, practical and sustainable methods. In 2014, a study revealed that piperidine was the most frequently present aza-heterocycle in medicines approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In this context, three different methods were developed during this Ph.D in order to synthesize functionalized piperidines. A wide variety of substituted piperidines was first efficiently obtained by a cobalt catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between 4- and 3-halogenopiperidines and Grignard reagents. Cobalt has appeared as a good alternative to the expensive palladium salts or the toxic nickel salts. Moreover, it can prevent side reactions such as dehydrohalogenation or β-H elimination. Next, 2-dienylpiperidines, present in a myriad of alkaloids, were prepared by iron catalyzed cyclization from diallylic amino-alcools. Finally, new conditions for the ruthenium catalyzed C(sp3)‒H monoarylation of piperidines were developed. The influence of the electronic and steric properties of the directing group attached to the nitrogen of the piperidine was fully studied. These methods were then applied to the synthesis of other azacycles
Cornec, Anne-Sophie. "Synthèse et relation structure-propriétés photophysiques de nouveaux fluorophores diaziniques obtenus par réactions de couplage croisé et "Click Chemistry"." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUES002.
Full textBentoumi, Wissam. "Synthèse de nouveaux systèmes hexatriéniques di- et tri-halogénés : application à la synthèse d’un composé naturel." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES030.
Full textIn a first part, we accomplished synthesis and purification of a new intermediaire the 1-bromo-6chlorohexa1,3,5-triène. This last was used during the synthesis of natural product from “falcaire commune”. Two ways of synthesis were performed by using chimioselectives cross coupling reactions. In the second part, we developped a synthesis of bromo fluoro trienes, using modified Wittig reactions. This products were obtained in mixture of isomers. A formal synthesis of fluorine analogues of natural product, which has been discribed in the first part, was established
Mongin, Florence. "Régiosélectivité des réactions de bromation, d'échange halogène-métal et de couplage croisé sur des dérivés de la 8-hydroxyquinoléine. Application à la synthèse de pyridocarbazoles." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES063.
Full textRocca, Patrick. "Nouvelle synthèse d'aza-carbazoles par association des réactions de métallation et de couplage croisé hétéro-aromatique. Préparation d'alcaloïdes de la famille des béta-carbolines." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES037.
Full textVirolleaud, Marie-Alice. "Processus domino de métathèse cyclisante et couplage croisé : application à la synthèse de produits naturels." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10174.
Full textHebbar, Nordine. "Synthèse de chromophores ONL à base de pyrazine et de systèmes hexatriéniques : applications potentielles en optique non linéraire (ONL)." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES060.
Full textThis thesis work describes the synthesis of new linear chromophores with potential applications in non linear optic. Various original synthetic ways using metalation and cross-coupling reactions allowed to access to numerous compounds with a π-deficient ring (chloropyrazine) substituted with one or two conjugated polyenic chains bearing donor- or withdrawing electron groups. These linear compounds with a push-pull character have a conjugated backbone allowing an important internal electronic charge transfer between the π-deficient pyrazine ring and the electron-donors groups through the hexatrienic chains. The influence of the nature of the multiple bond on the conjugation has been studied by replacement of a double bond by an alkyne linkage. New compounds with a 2,2¢-bipyrazine core, able to induce metal coordination, have been also synthesized. Symmetrical or dissymmetrical structures have been obtained by substitution of the 5 and 5¢ positions by identical or different conjugated polyenic chains
Yalcouye, Boubacar. "Synthèse atropo-sélective de la partie biarylique de la (-)-stéganacine via le couplage croisé de Suzuki-Miyaura et le couplage ARYNE." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF059.
Full textThe interesting biological properties of axially chiral biaryls and the challenge of Csp2-Csp2 bond formation ofthe biaryl motif have aroused keen interest among synthetic organic chemists. The axially chiral biaryls areprivileged structures in medicinal chemistry and in asymmetric catalysis. The goal of our research is based onthe control of the axial chirality of (-)-steganacin using two differents atropo-selective approaches: Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling (in presence of transition metals), and ARYNE coupling (without any transitionmetals). The atropo-diastereoselective Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling was carried out using enantiopure β-hydroxysulfoxydes as chiral auxiliary. The resulting diastereopure biaryl was converted into an intermediatereported in the literature without any epimerization of axial chirality. The second approach was the atropodiastereoselectiveARYNE coupling which was tested for the first time with the enantiopure p-tolylsulfoxyde.However, we encountered a problem due to lack of reactivity of lithiated arylsulfoxide. Finally, the axialchirality of (-)-steganacin was controlled using oxazolines as chiral auxiliary
Oertel, Anna Magdalena. "Synthèse et réactivité de complexes du nickel(II) comportant des ligands carbène N-hétérocyclique : des réactions de couplage C-C croisé à l'activation de liaisons C-H." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/OERTEL_Anna_Magdalena_2010.pdf.
Full textThe research in this thesis targets some aspects of the chemistry of nickel-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. A series of half-sandwich nickel(II) complexes, [Ni(R-NHC-n-Bu]XCp†] (Cp† = Cp, Cp*, X = Cl, I), bearing a N-bound n-butyl sidearm NHC ligands has been synthesized from the appropriate imidazolium halides and nickelocene or [Ni(acac)Cp*] as models for heterogenized versions of these complexes. All these complexes were fully characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques [1H and 13C{1H}NMR spectroscopy, 2D spectroscopy when appropriate, MS, and elemental analyses]. Furthermore, many representative complexes were the subject of single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. All these complexes feature a two-legged piano stool geometry common for 18-electron MCp†L2 compounds with a trigonal planar geometry around the central nickel atom. The [Ni(Ar-NHC-n-Bu)ICp] compounds are highly active catalysts for the Suzuki cross-coupling of aryl bromides or chlorides with phenylboronic acid in the absence of any reductant or co-catalyst and show higher turnover frequencies (TOF) than seen in their closely related symmetric [Ni(Ar2-NHC)LCp†] counterparts. The origin of the improved stability of the in situ generated active species is discussed. A heterogenized version of these complexes onto alumina has been prepared by employing 3-(trialkoxysilylpropyl)imidazolium halides and tested in Suzuki cross-coupling. In the prospect of enhancing the longevity of the active species, unprecedented half-sandwich Ni(II) complexes bearing two different NHC ligands were prepared by displacement of the labile acetonitrile ligand from [Ni(Ar2-NHC)(CH3CN)Cp]+X- with a “free” NHC. The resulting cationic bis-(NHC)-nickel complexes [Ni(NHC)(NHC’)Cp]+X- show remarkable stability, and thus low acitivity in Suzuki couplings. The Ni– NHC bonds are particularly robust as can be demonstrated by the displacement of the Cp, and not of a NHC ligand, when these bis-NHC Cp complexes are protonated. The final chapter presents a novel reaction in which the base-promoted activation of sp3-hybridized C– H bonds a- to functional organic groups at Cp†Ni-NHC centres was achieved. The scope and breadth of this activation is demonstrated by the activation of acetonitrile, acetone and other ketones under relatively mild conditions to give a range of new nickel alkyls. A remarkable double activation of acetone was notably demonstrated. The activation of C–H bonds a-to nitriles in NHC-attached sidearms to give a series of new half-sandwich nickelacycles was also achieved. Possible mechanistic pathways for these reactions have been the subject of theoretical DFT analyses. Similarly to the bis-NHC species, the nickelacycles show great robustness of the NHC– and alkyl–Ni bonds
Célanire, Sylvain. "Synthèse de cyclohexa[a]quinolizidines et de cyclohexa[a]indolizidines, analogues tricycliques de 8-azasteroïdes. Nouvelle synthèse d'une cyclopenta[b]pyridinone par des réactions de couplage croisé." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES062.
Full textLefèvre, Guillaume. "Etude mécanistique de réactions de couplage catalysées par des complexes du cuivre et du fer." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00833319.
Full textChar, Joëlle. "Nouvelles réactions de couplages des organosilanes pour la synthèse d’esters à partir du CO₂ et de sulfones à partir du SO₂." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS262/document.
Full textCross coupling reactions are well studied reactions and their development was awarded a Nobel price. These reactions aim at coupling organometallic nucleophiles and electrophiles compounds and are the best way to form a little to none polarized bond such as C–C and C–S bond. They however make use of strong nucleophiles, decreasing their selectivity and tolerance. On one hand, among all available nucleophiles, organosilanes are very attractive because of their abundance, selectivity, stability and tolerance towards functional groups, they are also less toxic, easy to handle, and cheap. Their use though is a challenge because of their lower reactivity. On the other hand, for the sake of increasing the atom economy of a reaction, carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the best source of carbon and ester functional group; and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is the best source of sulfur and sulfone functional group. In this manuscript, we herein report several coupling reactions between organosilanes giving a direct access to esters from CO₂ and to sulfones from SO₂. Experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out to develop a coupling reaction between arylsilanes, CO₂ and alkyl halides catalyzed by a copper(I) complex. SO₂ being more electrophilic and more nucleophilic, is used in a catalyzed less coupling reaction with arylsilanes and alkyl halides and in a coupling reaction with allylsilanes and aryl halides catalyzed by a palladium(II) complex, known as sulfonylating Hiyama coupling
Salanouve, Elise. "Complexes de métaux non-nobles de fer et de nickel portant des ligands redox non-innocents et leurs applications en catalyse : de l'activation C-H aux réactions de couplages croisés." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066620/document.
Full textThis PhD work has focused on the development of complexes of non-noble metals bearing non-innocent ligands and their catalytic applications as efficient alternatives to noble metal complexes, in the light of increasing concerns regarding cost and sustainability-related issues of noble metals. Towards this goal, we have developed and characterized complexes of non-noble metals (Fe, Ni) with non-innocent ligands using multiple spectroscopic techniques. This work was aimed at broadening the field of useful catalytic applications of these particular complexes. For our dedicated program in iron catalysis, a new method for tandem C–H activation/arylation of unactivated arenes catalyzed by iron complexes bearing redox-active bis(imino)pyridine ligands was developed. Preliminary mechanistic insights were gained based on combined spectroscopic data (NMR, in situ IR, EPR), reactivity studies as well as DFT calculations. The results obtained are clearly in favor of a mechanism distinct to that previously reported for iron-based catalytic systems and are not compatible with homolytic aromatic substitution (HAS). We have also focused on another challenging field in catalysis: cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by nickel as base metal, bearing redox non-innocent ligands. Several challenges in cross-coupling reactions remain among which coupling of non-activated alkyl halides. Mechanisms involving nickel catalysts often differ from those involved in palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The behavior of nickel complexes bearing redox non-innocent ligands was studied in order to unveil new reactivites and gain a better understanding of the catalytic cycles at stake
Thomas, dit Dumont Laurence. "Contribution à la synthèse de la Streptonigrine. Synthèse de 4-phénylpyridines polyfonctionnelles par métallation et couplage croisé." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES045.
Full textDecottignies, Audrey. "Catalyse dans l'eau en présence de cyclodextrine native ou modifiée : Application au couplage croisé de type Suzuki." Thesis, Compiègne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013COMP2072/document.
Full textFor a few years, the priority task for actors of the chemical field has been the design of greener products and greener chemical processes to meet the environmental concerns. Thus, the twelve principles of the green chemistry were set. One of them is to substitute toxic organic solvents for more eco-compatible solvents, such as water, during chemical synthesis. More generally speaking, catalysis plays a significant role in this green chemistry policy as it enables to enhance energy saving, to reduce the quantity of the used compounds and to reduce as well the separation processes by increasing the selectivity. However, the low solubility of organic substrates in water prevents from having profitable yields. To tackle the issue, the catalysis by inverse phase transfer can be used. Therefore, the synthesis of new water soluble organometallic catalysts was considered. These catalysts will be derivates of cyclodextrin and will allow carrying the substrate in aqueous phase by supramolecular recognition
Dikova, Anna. "Des nosylates à la synthèse totale de diènediynes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAF036/document.
Full textThe total synthesis of N1999-A2 is a synthetic challenge which mobilized several renown groups specialized in this field. Our group is also interested in the construction of this complex molecule. Our strategy is based on the know-how of our laboratory. The considered synthetic approach permits the formation of the dienediyne core at the lasts steps of the synthesis. We managed to achieve the first coupling of the two key building blocks. This is a major advance in our synthetic approach. This project also allowed the development of new synthetic methodologies. In particular the palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with aryl and vinyl nosylates, novel stable and reactive electrophilic partners. This discovery will allow us to bypass the extreme instability of several key intermediates (enol triflates)
Delaunay, Thierry. "Synthèses concises de pyrazoles et pyridones diversement fonctionnalisées dans le but d'effectuer des réactions de couplages croisés sélectifs." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00878928.
Full textDelaunay, Thierry. "Synthèses concises de pyrazoles et pyridones diversement fonctionnalisées dans le but d’effectuer des réactions de couplages croisés sélectifs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10274/document.
Full textThis thesis is subdivided into two principal parts. The first part is focussed on the synthesis of pyrazole derivatives of agrochemical relevance. Indeed, the pyrazole nucleus is found in numerous compounds possessing interesting biological properties, and notably antifungal activities. Various convergent approaches to diversely substituted pyrazoles have therefore been developed by means of site-selective palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions conducted sequentially on pyrazole scaffolds. In the second part, we have been involved in the synthesis of furopyridones as simplified analogues of natural compounds possessing antifungal activities such as Cladobotryal. Toward this end, various alkynylpyridones have been synthesizes and involved in diverse cyclization processes to access a series of furo[3,2-c]pyridin-4-ones, furo[3,2-c]pyridin-6-ones, and furo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-ones
Guillier, Fabrice. "Synthèse de produits naturels par association des réactions de métallation et de couplage. Accès à des alcaloïdes marins de type pyridoacridinique." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES075.
Full textLoubidi, Mohammed. "Synthèse et réactivité de bicycles imidazo[1,2-a]imidazoles et imidazo[1,5- a]imidazoles à visée thérapeutique." Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2037.
Full textThe imidazo-imidazoles bicycles have received special attention among other nitrogen cycles due to their biologically interesting properties exploited in the medicine manufacturing. The imidazo-imidazole scaffold is one of the most representative nitrogen containing heterocycle, as it plays a significant role and possesses a major interest in drug synthesis and functionalization. In this work we report firstly a synthetic pathway to novel imidazo[1,2-a]imidazoles candidates for CKD inhibitors. Secondly we develop two strategies to prepareimidazo[1,5-a]imidazoles and their reactivity via pallado-catalyzed reactions. Finally, we disclose a fast and an efficient access to imidazo[1,5-a]imidazoles by using the Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé reaction (GBB), followed by a palladium catalysed intramolecular cyclization, affording thus new tetracyclic products with an elevated degree of molecular diversity
Kutudila, Pricilia. "Structure et réactivité des triarylbismuths : approche théorique et expérimentale." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1123/document.
Full textTriarylbismuths are organometallic reagents of growing interest for organic synthesis, for their ability to transfer the three aryl moieties in C-C Pd-catalysed cross-coupling reactions. These essentially non-toxic, atom efficient reactants are attractive in the context of environment-friendly chemistry and have applications in pharmaceutical chemistry and in material science. However, their development is hampered by lack of theoretical understanding. This thesis aims to explore the reactivity of these species by comparing the experimental data to fundamental theoretical studies (structural, spectroscopic, thermodynamic and kinetic properties) resulting from DFT calculations. The ultimate goal is to predict new reactivities and selectivities. A first approach consists in a comparative study on the relation between structure and properties in compounds having a pnictogen central atom like bismuth, and in different organobismuths. The existing experimental data (crystallographic, NMR, IR) were compared to the results of theoretical calculations (structures, energies, vibrational modes, reactivity parameters, etc.). After highlighting the intrinsic properties of these compounds and validating the DFT method, a new study was undertaken to elucidate the relations between structure and reactivity. This second investigation enabled us to validate the mechanism of the cross-coupling reaction involving triarylbismuths under palladium catalysis. The three major steps of the catalytic cycle have been examined, i.e. the oxidative addition, transmetallation and reductive elimination, and validated by characterizing the different intermediates and transition states. The second transmetalation step involving the triarylbismuths has also been deeply investigated. The transferability of the three aryl groups and the influence of the electronic and steric effects of the substituents on the energy barrier have been evaluated. Finally, the reactivity of triarylbismuths has been compared with that of other organometallics, to develop new synthetic approaches
Chamas, Zein El Abidine. "Chromophores pentacycliques azotés fluorescents : nouvelle cascade diastéréosélective pallado-catalysée et exploration de leurs propriétés biologiques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0079/document.
Full textThe aim of this work concerns the synthesis of a new family of aza-pentacyclic chromophore whose fluorescence properties can be modulated according to the functional groups present in the molecule. These chromophores were obtained through a cascade process between 2-formylbenzene boronic acid and 2,5-dihalopyridines. The cascade process is initiated by a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction and is followed by two successive nucleophilic cyclizations; the first cyclization performed on the pyridine nitrogen and the second occurred regioselectively on the adjacent carbon atom. This new cascade reaction allowed the formation of a pentacycle as a single regioisomer with four new bonds and two contiguous stereocenters with trans relationships. In addition, preliminary studies have shown that these polycyclic compounds have excellent fluorescence properties as well as biological properties that should enable us to extend the scope of these new chromophores to the medical field and molecular electronics
Gautheron-Chapoulaud, Valérie. "Etude de la métallation du cycle benzénique de benzodiazines. Synthèse de composés aux propriétés électro-optiques. Synthèse d'un aza-BINAP." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES082.
Full textVallette, Hélène. "Réactions de couplage en liquide ionique : synthèse peptidique et couplage carbone-phosphore." Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUES052.
Full textFirst, we performed peptide coupling reaction of quaternary amino acids. Similar yields as obtained in organic solvents were obtained in this new medium. The products are cleanly obtained after simple extraction. This approach unpublished before our work was applied to the synthesis of di, tetra, octa and cyclopeptides. Coupling without protection was also tested but without success. Second, we perfomed palladium catalysed carbon-phosphorus cross coupling reaction between phosphine borane complexes and aryl iodides in various ionic liquids. An easy extraction of the crude product and a catalyst recycling (3 cycles) were possible in the new medium. To improve the recycling a new ligand having a cationic moiety was prepared. Associated to palladium, this ligand showed a high catalytic activity for carbon-phosphorus cross coupling reaction allowing an efficient recycling of catalyst (6 cycles)
Kuleshova, Olena. "2-azahetaryl-3-enaminonitriles cycliques pour la synthèse d'azahétérocycles fonctionnalisés, la complexation de métaux et la conception de sondes optiques." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30127/document.
Full textThe research carried out in the course of this PhD work is centered on cyclic 2-azahetaryl-3-enaminonitrile derivatives which represent an attractive scaffold due to its high number of potential reactive sites. Regioselective functionalization of each site may give access to various structurally different Nitrogen-containing moieties featuring an azaheterocycle substituent. One first application in heterocyclic synthesis of 2-azahetaryl-2-(1-R-pyrrolidin-2-ylidene)acetonitriles, readily accessed from available and cheap starting materials, is their involvement in Knorr-type synthesis of pyrazoles (isoxazoles) where they play the role of the 1,3-dielectrophiles. Thus 4-azahetaryl-3-(ω-aminopropyl)-1H-pyrazole (isoxazole)-5-amines are formed with complete regioselectivity in good yields 50-85%. This establishes an efficient and easily reproducible two-step approach to heterocycle- substituted amino-pyrazoles from heterocyclic acetonitriles. Unprecedented subsequent transformations were carried out providing an access to regioselectively derivatized polyamino azoles, tetracyclic compounds in up to 45% overall yield and arylated pyrazoles in up to 71% yield through diazotization, followed by arylation through Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling or C-H activation. We illustrated the unprecedented but efficient nitrogen protection as a nitrosamine during the Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling. Also the possibility of pyrazoles C-H activation in order to get densely substituted pyrazoles was shown for the first time. We also performed the quaternarization of the nitrogen of the heterocycle to investigate the effect of a cationic moiety on the regioselectivity of the reaction of such azahetaryl-3-enaminonitrile derivatives with 1,2-binucleophiles. The increased electron demand on the heterocycle induced a reaction path shift that produced the azole ring- opened product. Derivatives of benzoxazole and benzimidazole form second way products straight away, while the one of benzothiazole undergoes the "classical" transformation pathway and subsequent nucleophilic substitution at C-2 center of benzothiazole leading to azepine cycle formation. In the case of benzoxazolyl substituted enaminonitriles under the same conditions both regioisomers are formed. Formylation reaction of 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-2-ylidene) acetonitrile with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (DMF DMA), followed by further reamination and cyclization under basic conditions gave rise to pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine-6-imine, a compound that exhibits a high fluorescent quantum yield (Φ = 61%) and proved to be very sensitive to protonation. Both characteristics are expected to be useful to develop an unprecedented water detection test for aprotic solvents. We have demonstrated that such a fluorometric method for determining water content in DMSO presents a limit of detection of 0.068%. From other enaminonitriles reactions with DMF DMA provided either a mixture of methylated and formylated products, or only methylated products (few adducts also shown non reactivity). These observations prompted us to assume that the presence of easily accessible NH group is essential in formylation of the C-3 center of pyrrolidine allowing to propose a mechanism for this uncommon reaction. 2-Azahetaryl-2-(pyrrolidin-2-ylidene)acetonitriles and their 3-oxo-benzo- analogues were also used to create: a) visible spectrophotometric probes for Zn(II) b) water stable BF2-rigidified complexes that overcome the limitations of BODIPY-dyes and have Stokes shifts up to 9000 cm-1, emission at violet-blue range, fluorescence both in solution (Φ up to 90%) and crystalline state; c) films of polymeric composites exhibiting photovoltaic effect
Gigant, Nicolas. "Synthèse et réactivité d'énamides, de la diversité moléculaire à la synthèse de molécules bioactives et/ou naturelles." Thesis, Orléans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ORLE2039.
Full textThe continuing demand to synthesize new and original collections of small molecules for the biological screening is an attractive subject for organic chemists and requires upstream the development of fast and easy synthetic methods. In this context, we decided to focus particularly on the functionalization of enamides which represent valuable building blocks in order to introduce nitrogen based functionality into various organic systems. Our objective was to synthesize new nitrogen containing compound libraries starting from common substrates by applying Diversity-Oriented Synthesis strategy and following these rules: atom economy, catalyzed reactions, fast synthesis in few steps and control of stereoselectivity. Firstly we mainly synthesized enamides. Thereafter, we developped efficient methodologies giving access to motifs frequently found in “privileged structures” or key scaffolds present in natural products or potential bioactive compounds thanks to various processes like aza-Michael, oxyamidation or cascade reactions, palladium chemistry with CH activation, dioxoazoborocanes or chiral auxiliary SAMP
Kolodych, Sergii. "Recherche de nouvelles réactions de couplage par criblage immuno-enzymatique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112145.
Full textDiscovery of new reactions is one of the fundamental goals in organic chemistry. In addition to the traditional approach to reaction discovery, consisting in designing a reaction on the basis of known chemical properties of reagents, new approaches based on the screening of random combinations of reactive functions and catalysts have been recently developed. The main prerequisite of this strategy is an analytical tool allowing screening of a big number of reactions per day and identifying combinations leading to the formation of unanticipated products. In the work presented herein a high-throughput immunoassay screening has been used for the discovery of new coupling reactions. In the first part of this work a screening of 2688 combinations of randomly chosen reactive functions and catalysts was carried out. This screening led to the discovery of two copper-promoted coupling reactions: a reaction between thioureas and phenols leading to the formation of isoureas through desulfurization; and a reaction between N-hydroxythioureas and alkynes leading to the formation of thiazole-2-imines. In the second part of the work a screening of 2816 combinations of rationally designed chemical functions and catalysts was carried out. This screening was focused on the discovery of catalytic [3+2] cycloadditions that comply with the standards of “click” chemistry. In this study, the use of immunoassay screening was extended to optimize new reactions and to evaluate their kinetics, chemoselectivity and biocompatibility. Therefore, around 3000 complementary tests were carried out on the hits, identified in the primary screening. This allowed the discovery of 3 new coupling reactions and one new “click” reaction: a copper-catalyzed sydnone-alkyne cycloaddition (CuSAC). The last part of the work was focused on detailed studies of the CuSAC reaction. Identification of the structure of the coupling product and substrate scope of this reaction was carried out. Finally, the applicability of the CuSAC reaction for bioconjugation was demonstrated by an example of protein labeling
Gilles, Pierre. "Couplage croisé induit par SmI2 de nitrones avec des acrylates silylés : synthèse de Pyrrolizidines polyhydroxylées." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647130.
Full textGarbacia, Stefania. "Chimie combinatoire pour la catalyse de réactions de couplage carbone-carbone." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10131.
Full textDurand, Jérôme. "Complexes hétérobimétalliques Fe-Pd pour des réactions de couplage et d'insertion." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13109.
Full textNehlig, Emilie. "Développement de nano-catalyseurs pour des réactions de couplage C-C." Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132028.
Full textIn the last decades, the interest for new catalysts and new catalytic reactions dramatically increased due to their miscellaneous industrial applications in fine or pharmaceutical chemistry for example. Lots of catalysts have been developed for an increasing number of organic reactions. Nevertheless, most of homogeneous catalysts are difficult to adapt to industrial process due to separation and regeneration problems. Furthermore, even if they are highly efficient, most of the catalysts contain noble metals often expensive and difficult to recycle. That’s why greener and much more economic protocols need to be developed. The use of nanoparticles as solid support for catalysts in organic chemistry appears as an innovative solution for solving these problems. Among the different inorganic nanomaterials, iron oxide nanoparticles represent an attractive tool due to their magnetic properties and easiness of obtaining. The aim of these work consist in designing magnetic nanocatalysts and evaluating their catalytically activity and recycling in C-C bond formation reactions which are commonly used in organic chemistry. Iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-Fe₂O₃) have been synthesized by soft chemistry in aqueous media. Particles have then been stabilized on surface by bidendate coating agents bearing a terminal function which enables post functionnalization with the desired catalyst (L-Proline, peptides, alkaloid, Palladium). These hybrids nanomaterials, with an inorganic core and an organic shell, have been characterized with various techniques in order to determine their properties. Catalysts activities have been evaluated on model C-C bond formation reactions such as aldolisation, 1, 4-Michael addition and cross coupling Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling
Régnier, Thomas. "Nouvelles méthodologies pour la catalyse : application aux réactions de couplage carbone-carbone." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S108.
Full textBensalem, Samia. "Etudes mécanistiques de réactions de couplage carbone-carbone catalysées par le palladium." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA077136.
Full textBareille, Laurianne. "Dérivés du titane en catalyse : nouvelles réactions de couplage et catalyse bimétallique." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOS040.
Full textThe allyltitanation reaction was widely studied in our laboratory but always with a stoichiometric amount of titanium. In order to perform this reaction in a catalytic way, we used a stoichiometric amount of a cheap silane, PMHS, and titanocene difluoride. After optimization, the system Cp2TiCl2/isoprene/BuLi/PMHS gave the bests results. Then we realised the fisrt trans-1,4 hydrosilylation of dienes catalyzed by an "early" metal. This reaction was extended to many dienes and silanes and we proposed two catalytic cycles. These allylsilanes have been involved in Hosomi-Sakurai reactions. Finally, we prepared new bimetallic complexes TiF2-Ru, Ti(O2CPh)2-Ru and Ti(binaphtol)-Ru that are able to catalyse some reactions ; we can now imagine their implication in "cascade reactions" which would use the two metallic centers
Guihaumé, Julie. "Etude théorique de réactions de couplage catalysées par des métaux de transition." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20036/document.
Full textThis work is a theoretical study with DFT method of coupling reactions. The dehydrogenating coupling of stannanes proceeds via the formation of stannylene. This is made possible because of the chemical inertness of the lone pair and the Lewis acid character of stannylene. Coupling an aromatic carboxylate and an arene Ar-H on a Pd(II) complex is initiated by a 2-step reaction (isomerization and decarboxylation). The CMD reaction that follows is facilitated by ortho fluorine subtituents on the arene ArH because of the strengthening of the resulting Pd-C bond. The coupling between an arene and an alkyne by a Ni(0)L catalyst starts by an unusual hydrogen transfer from the arene to the alkyne, concerted with the formation of two NiC (aryl and vinyl) bonds. The energy barrier of this elementary step is lowered by fluorine subtituents on the arene. The hydroboration with ring opening of alkylidenecyclopropane in presence of Rh(I) complex is feasible only with two empty coordination sites during the key ring-opening step. Under these conditions, the ring opening is favored over the reductive elimination C-B
Neilde, Kevin. "Pharmacomodulation anti-infectieuse en série 5-nitroimidazole : couplages pallado-catalysés et réactions par transfert monoélectronique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM5502.
Full textThis work focuses on the synthesis of novel functionalized 5-nitroimidazoles possessing therapeutic activities. New 4-substituted-5-nitroimidazoles were obtained using Suzuki, Stille or Sonogashira cross-coupling using the 4-bromo-1,2 dimethyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole. Moreover, access to functionalized products at both 2 and 4 positions of imidazole ring was developed thanks to a regioselective Suzuki cross-coupling on the 2,4-dibromo-1-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole. Among cross-coupling products, those possessing chloromethyle substituent conjugated with the nitro group, were employed as starting material in the single electron transfer reaction (SRN1, TDAE) studies. Therefore, in a second part, we described the reaction between the 4-(3-chloroprop-1-ynyl)-1,2-dimethyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole and several nitronate anions in SRN1 conditions. This reactivity was applied to the 2,4-bis(3-chloroprop-1-ynyl)-1-méthyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole allowing the formation of bis-SRN1 products. TDAE methodology was implemented on the 4-(3-chloroprop-1-ynyl)-1,2-dimethyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole, however poor yields were observed. TDAE strategy on the (E)-4-[4-(chlorométhyl)styryl]-1,2-diméthyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole were more successful, addition products with different electrophilic species were obtained. Finally, mutagenic power and potential of reduction of synthesized 5-nitroimidazole were assayed. The anti-infective properties of these novel 5-nitroimidazole are currently under investigation
Poizat, Maël. "Nouvelles réactions de couplage décarboxylatif catalysées par des sels de cuivre et de palladium - Nouvelles réactions de couplage aryl-aryle catalysées par des sels de nickel et de manganèse." Paris 13, 2013. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/edgalilee_th_2013_poizat.pdf.
Full textThe copper-catalyzed decarboxylation of aromatic carboxylic acids has been advantageously achieved by using aliphatic amines like N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) or hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as ligands instead of the aromatic heterocyclic amines (quinoline, phenanthroline) used until now. The improvement is significant since the reaction can be performed at a lower temperature (ca. 50 °C less) and the reaction time is clearly shorter. This new catalytic system was developed owing to a careful analysis of the reaction mechanism. The reaction conditions described herein also allow us to perform copper/palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions between 120 to 140 °C instead of 170 °C. Thereby, biaryls and triarylethylenes compounds were obtained in good yields. Moreover, the multi-step synthesis of the anticancer agent (Z)-Tamoxifen was completed using a decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction as the key step. The results reported above could open the way to the development of low temperature procedures. It is worthy of note that, for large-scale applications, it is very advantageous to replace 1,10- phenanthroline by TMEDA which is clearly less expensive. A new reaction of demethylation-decarboxylation of o-methoxy aromatic carboxylic acids was also described. Finally, a cheap and user-friendly nickel/manganese catalytic system was developed for the efficient cross-coupling of functionalized aromatic chlorides with aromatic grignard reagents
De, Carné-Carnavalet Benoît. "Synthèse de cyclopropanes substitués par des couplages catalysés au palladium." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00828335.
Full textMoyeux, Alban. "Nouvelles réactions de couplage catalysées par des sels de fer ou de cobalt." Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CERG0484.
Full textSustainable development now plays an increasingly important role in the strategy of chemical industries. As a part of these preoccupations, the search for more economic and more eco-friendly new efficient synthetic methods is of vital concern. The development of iron- and cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions is one of the current promising fields of research since these reactions are very attractive compared to the related palladium- or nickel-catalyzed procedures extensively used until now. Several new coupling procedures were described in this thesis. - The iron-catalyzed reaction between aryl Grignard reagents and alkyl halides. - The cobalt-catalyzed reaction between aryl or alkyl Grignard reagents and alkyl halides. - The iron-catalyzed oxidative heterocoupling between dialkylzinc and diarylzinc compounds The last reaction paves the way to a new class of coupling reactions between two organometallics
Buendia, Julien. "Nouvelles réactions de couplage catalysées par des sels de cuivre ou de manganèse." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA132003.
Full textThree topics were studied during this Ph. D. Thesis. We first reported a new manganese-catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling reaction of alkynyl, alkenyl and aryl magnesium halides with oxygen as an oxidant. The reaction is chemo- and stereoselective, and allows obtaining a vast array of conjugated unsaturated products. We also developed a copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between alkynyl halides and alkyl or aryl Grignard reagents. The reaction is chemoselective, and allows obtaining a wide range of simple or functionalized alkynes in excellent yields. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the use of secondary and tertiary alkyl, as well as aryl Grignard reagents for this type of coupling. On the other hand, we disclosed simple procedures for the copper-catalyzed alkylation of alkyl and aryl magnesium halides with alkyl bromides. We also discovered that the copper-catalyzed substitution of alkyl halides can be performed using alkyl, aryl and vinyl lithium compounds. It should be noted that, to the best of our knowledge, organolithium compounds have never been used to perform alkylation reactions in the presence of a catalytic amount of copper. Finally, we disclosed a new method for the preparation of "salt free" diorganozinc compounds in two steps. This procedure allows a very simple access to various dialkyl and diarylzinc compounds in good yields
Demange, Matthieu. "Réactivité de complexes de métaux riches : activation de petites molécules, synthèse de nanoparticules et catalyse de couplage croisé." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00720846.
Full textBerghian-, Groşan Ana Camelia. "Synthèse et stéréochimie de systèmes 3. 7-dioxa-1-azabicyclo[3. 3. 0]octaniques fonctionnalisés : Etude la métallation de bis-diazines et de diazines substituées par des groupements chélatants." Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUES040.
Full textThis work deals with the synthesis, the stereochemical analysis and functionalisation of compounds bearing the 3. 7-dioxa-r-1-azabicyclo[3. 3. 0]-oct-c-5-ylmethoxy heterocyclic system such as substituent at the α position of a π-deficient system such as (benzo)diazines or s-triazines. The first chapter deals with the bibliography and interest of DOABO heterocycles and diazines. The second chapter presents the synthesis and stereochemistry of a new class of compounds such as α-(3. 7-dioxa-r-1-azabicyclo[3. 3. 0]-oct-c-5-ylmethoxy)-di(s-tri)azines. The stereochemistry of this new series is discussed in terms of conformational chirality of the DOABO system, found different in solution (1H RMND)against solid state (X Ray Diffractometry), meso vs. Chiral forms respectively. The third chapter presents the functionalisation of α-(3. 7-dioxa-r-1-azabicyclo[3. 3. 0]-oct-c-5-ylmethoxy)-(beno)diazines via regioselective Directed ortho-metallation (DoM) reaction using lithiated bases. The fourth chapter describes the synthesis of π-deficient biarylic compounds of type bis(α-methoxy)diazines and 2-pyridyldiazines. They are available by directed ortho-(trans)metallation followed by Negishi or Stille cross-coupling. The functionalisation via metallation of 2-pyridyldiazines occurs on the diazine site, at the ortho-position with respect to Ar-Ar bond
Zhou, Edouard. "Nouveaux systèmes catalytiques appliqués aux formations de liaisons C—C par couplage croisé catalysé par des sels de fer : applications, mécanismes." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEC008.
Full textSerier, Aicha. "Etude du système prépolymère époxyde-gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane : réactions, propriétés et applications aux matériaux composites." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0037.
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