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1

Adams, Thomas A., and Warren D. Seider. "Semicontinuous reactive extraction and reactive distillation." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 87, no. 3 (March 2009): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2008.08.005.

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2

Cascaval, Dan, and Anca-Irina Galaction. "New extraction techniques on bioseparations: 1. Reactive extraction." Chemical Industry 58, no. 9 (2004): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0409375c.

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The complexity of downstream processes for biosynthetic products constitutes a particularity of industrial biotechnologies, especially because of the biosynthetic product high dilution in fermentation broth, their chemical and thermal liability and the presence of secondary products. For these reasons, new separation techniques have been developed and applied to bioseparations. Among them, reactive extraction, pertraction (extraction and transport through liquid membranes) and direct extraction from broths have considerable potential and are required for the further development of many biotechnologies. This review is structured on two parts and presents our original results of the studies on the separation of some biosynthetic products (antibiotics, carboxylic acids, amino acids, alcohols) by reactive extraction in the first part, and by pertraction and direct extraction from broths without biomass filtration in the second. For all the analyzed cases, these extraction techniques simplify the technologies by reducing material and energy consumption, by avoiding product inhibition, by increasing the separation selectivity, therefore decreasing the overall cost of the product.
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3

Hano, Tadashi, Michiaki Matsumoto, Takaaki Ohtake, and Fumiaki Hori. "Reactive extraction of cephalosporin C." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 25, no. 3 (1992): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.25.293.

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4

Lavie, Ram. "Kinetic Reactive Thin Layer Extraction." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 53, no. 47 (November 12, 2014): 18283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie5026387.

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5

Marchitan, Natalia. "Reactive Extraction of Tartaric Acid." Chemistry Journal of Moldova 4, no. 2 (December 2009): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2009.04(2).15.

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The present paper describes the results of reactive extraction of tartaric acid in model systems, which can be used for its separation from secondary wine products. As extractant have been used a normal/isododecyl mixed secondary amine Amberlite LA-2. The following parameters of the separation process have been varied: nature of diluent and modifier; modifier concentration; concentration, temperature and pH of the tartaric acid solution and the stirring time, and the work intervals have been established. It was concluded that in determinated conditions the extent of tartaric acid extraction attains value 85-95%.
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6

Zahari, Mohamed Shahrir Mohamed, Mohd Zamri Ibrahim, Su Shiung Lam, and Ramli Mat. "Prospect of Parallel Biodiesel and Bioethanol Production from JatrophaCurcas Seed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 663 (October 2014): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.663.44.

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This study focuses on the utilization prospect of JatrophaCurcas seed solely as transport sector renewable fuel for producing biodiesel and bioethanol in a parallel system. Diesel (biodiesel) and petrol (bioethanol as petrol additive) engine fuel could be produce from J. Curcas seed oil portion and its’ seed residue, respectively. Ultrasonic-assisted reactive extractions were used for simultaneous oil extraction and esterification/transesterification of J. Curcas seed. The use of acid/alkaline catalyst and ultrasound resulted in a completely de-oiled seed residual by extracting about 50% oil which is equivalent to the Soxhlet extraction performance. The seeds were being chemically and physically characterized with ultimate analyses and TGA for its suitability as bioethanol raw material. Ultimate analyses revealed similarity with other bioconversion feedstock having carbon and oxygen as the major chemical compositions; with slightly lower carbon content in the residuals due to the oil extraction during the in-situ process. However, TG profile exhibited better decomposition of mass in the ultrasonicated residues having easier accessible and better degradable fiber for bioethanol production process. These shown positive effects on the J. Curcasseed pre-treatment during biodiesel reactive extraction process and for further bioconversion toward bioethanol.
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7

Pahari, Pradip K., and Man Mohan Sharma. "Recovery of morpholine via reactive extraction." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 30, no. 8 (August 1991): 2015–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00056a054.

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8

Galaction, A. I., M. Postaru, A. Tucaliuc, I. Ungureanu, and D. Cascaval. "Reactive extraction of 6-aminopenicillanic acid." New Biotechnology 44 (October 2018): S138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2018.05.1102.

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9

Bart, H. J., C. Drumm, and M. M. Attarakih. "Process intensification with reactive extraction columns." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 47, no. 5 (May 2008): 745–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2007.11.005.

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10

Pascalis Novalina, Arya Josua S, Taslim, and Tjahjono Herawan. "PENGARUH VARIASI VARIABEL REAKSI PADA PROSES EKSTRAKSI REAKTIF MESOKARP SAWIT UNTUK MENGHASILKAN BIODIESEL." Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 4, no. 4 (December 24, 2015): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v4i4.1509.

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The conventional method for the production of biodiesel needed the oil that is extracted from the biomass before it can be transesterified into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Reactive extraction can be used to produce biodiesel with high-yield, low production costs, reduce the reaction time and the use of reagents and co-solvents, making it easier to produce biodiesel. In this study, reactive extraction applied to produce biodiesel from palm fruit mesocarp extracted using dimethyl carbonate as a solvent and reagents, and novozym®435 as a catalyst. Methanol was replaced by dialkyl carbonates, particularly dimethyl carbonate. Dimethyl carbonate can be used as a solvent and as a reagent, so reactive extraction is very easy to apply. The parameters will be study are reaction temperature (50, 60, and 70 °C), reaction time (8, 16, 24 hours), the molar ratio of reactants (50: 1, 60: 1, 70: 1 n/n ), the concentration of novozym® 435 (5%, 10%, 15% wt).The results showed that the highest biodiesel yield can be achivied at conditions temperature of 60 °C, reaction time 24 hours, molar ratio of reactants palm mesocarp to DMC 1:60, and novozym®435 concentration of 10wt%. The results showed that the synthesis of biodiesel via reactive extraction using palm mesocarp as raw material requires a low production cost.
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11

Hartati, Indah, Hary Sulistyo, Wahyudi Budi Sediawan, Muhammad Mufti Azis, and Moh Fahrurrozi. "Mathematical Modeling of Reactive Extraction of Solute from Slab Solid Material." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 20, no. 2 (March 2, 2020): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.47181.

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Reactive extraction is gaining higher attention due its wide application in various solute separation processes. Here, a mathematical model of reactive extraction in slab has been proposed. The model was developed by considering simultaneous processes of active compound intra particle diffusion, second order elemental reaction of solute-active compound, and intra-particle product diffusion. The obtained partial differential equations (PDEs) were solved using Finite Difference Approximation (FDA) method by using realistic parameters. Concentration profile as well as product yield were evaluated as a function of time. As a result, the model proposed here may serve as a basis design for reactive extraction unit. Sensitivity analyses was conducted to inspect the influence of slab thickness, diffusivity and reaction rate constant to the product yield. Eventually, model validation was conducted by comparing the simulation results with analytical solutions for special cases. Validation results showed that the model gave good agreement with the analytical solution.
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12

Mörters, M., and H. J. Bart. "Mass transfer into droplets undergoing reactive extraction." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 42, no. 10 (October 2003): 801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0255-2701(02)00106-x.

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13

Schulz, Robin, Rebecca van den Bongard, Jessika Islam, and Tim Zeiner. "Purification of Terpenyl Amine by Reactive Extraction." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 55, no. 19 (May 3, 2016): 5763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00739.

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14

Lukhezo, M., L. J. Dunne, B. G. Reuben, and M. S. Verrall. "Statistical mechanical treatment of reactive solvent extraction." Chemical Physics 220, no. 1-2 (July 1997): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-0104(97)00122-5.

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15

Keshav, Amit, Kailas L. Wasewar, Shri Chand, Hasan Uslu, and Ismail Inci. "Thermodynamics of Reactive Extraction of Propionic Acid." i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology 4, no. 2 (January 15, 2009): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jfet.4.2.521.

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16

Seuster, J., M. Tylko, A. Behr, and G. Schembecker. "Innovative Design for a Reactive Extraction Process." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 77, no. 8 (August 2005): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.200590122.

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17

Schustolla, D., C. Ledoux, N. Papamichael, and H. Hustedt. "Reactive (Affinity) Extraction of Enzymes from Biomass." Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie 93, no. 9 (September 1989): 971–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbpc.19890930909.

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18

Rüsch gen. Klaas, Mark, and Siegfried Warwel. "Reactive extraction of oilseeds with dialkyl carbonates." European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 103, no. 12 (December 2001): 810–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1438-9312(200112)103:12<810::aid-ejlt810>3.0.co;2-g.

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19

Mörters, M., and H. J. Bart. "Fluorescence-Indicated Mass Transfer in Reactive Extraction." Chemical Engineering & Technology 23, no. 4 (April 2000): 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-4125(200004)23:4<353::aid-ceat353>3.0.co;2-c.

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20

Bart, H. J. "Reactive Extraction In Stirred Columns – A Review." Chemical Engineering & Technology 26, no. 7 (July 9, 2003): 723–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200306102.

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21

Bart, Hans Jörg, Andreas Bauer, and Rolf Marr. "Calculation of reactive extraction in countercurrent columns." Chemical Engineering & Technology - CET 10, no. 1 (1987): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.270100135.

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22

Gorden, Jannick, Tim Zeiner, and Christoph Brandenbusch. "Reactive extraction of cis,cis-muconic acid." Fluid Phase Equilibria 393 (May 2015): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2015.02.030.

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23

Olán-Acosta, María de los Ángeles, Juan Barajas-Fernández, Pedro García-Alamilla, Edgar Omar Castrejón-González, and Vicente Rico-Ramírez. "Exergy analysis of a reactive extraction process." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 162 (October 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2020.07.013.

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24

Patnaik, P. R. "Reactive extraction with liquid emulsion membranes: The finite reaction zone concept." Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters 68, no. 2 (November 1999): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02475523.

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25

Pursell, Mark R., M. Alcina Mendes-Tatsis, and David C. Stuckey. "Coextraction during reactive extraction of phenylalanine using Aliquat 336: Modeling extraction equilibrium." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 82, no. 5 (March 17, 2003): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.10602.

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26

Gössi, A., W. Riedl, and B. Schuur. "Extraction of Lactic Acid from Aqueous Feeds Using Membrane-Supported Reactive Extraction." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 88, no. 9 (August 29, 2016): 1337–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.201650038.

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27

Tarigan, Juliati Br, Mimpin Ginting, Siti Nurul Mubarokah, Firman Sebayang, Justaman Karo-karo, Trung T. Nguyen, Junedi Ginting, and Eko K. Sitepu. "Direct biodiesel production from wet spent coffee grounds." RSC Advances 9, no. 60 (2019): 35109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra08038d.

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28

Zheng, Dan, Jie Yan, Jun Chen, and Zeqin Wang. "The Reaction Extraction Combining Crystallization for Growth of Sodium Chloride in a Spray Fluidized Bed Crystallizer." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (November 27, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8307847.

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At present, the crystal size of sodium chloride prepared by a traditional crystallization process (such as stirred crystallization) is inhomogeneous, and it has a great quantity of fine grains in crystallizer. This work presents a novel approach for the growth of sodium chloride from supersaturated solutions by reaction-extractive crystallization in a spray fluidized bed crystallizer (SFBC), in which sodium sulfate solution is transformed into potassium chloride and sulphuric acid based on a reactive extraction-crystallization process using triisooctylamine (TOL) in n-octanol as the extraction system. This paper mainly studies the effect of operating conditions (e.g., circulation flow rate, velocity ratio of oil and aqueous phases, crystallization temperature, hydraulic residence time, and feed velocity) on the crystal size distribution (CSD) during the crystallization process of sodium chloride in a SFBC. Experimental results show that the optimum conditions are 1.0362 m/s as the best circulation flow rate, 9.5 : 8.5 as the best velocity ratio of oil and aqueous phases, 313 K as the best temperature, 4320 s as residence time, and 8 mL.min−1 as the best feed velocity. Meanwhile, the proposed extraction kinetic model about extraction rates is developed and validated against data from the SFBC. And it proves that the reactive extraction system is controlled by diffusion and chemical reaction. Analysis of the extraction kinetic model and comparison with experiments reveal that the extraction kinetic model results are in well agreement with experiments. Furthermore, the uniform and large crystals can be obtained in a spray fluidized bed crystallizer without special concentration since extraction and crystallization are carried out in the same equipment. In addition, all of the sodium chloride products prepared under the optimal conditions in SFBC show a better CSD performance than the stirred crystallization. This research demonstrates that this process enables controlling the crystal size in a rather wide range, thus further underlining the potential of this technique for applications in the crystallization industry.
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29

Chai, Wenshuai, Xinyan Zhu, Wei Liu, Weidong Zhang, Zhiyong Zhou, and Zhongqi Ren. "Extraction of aniline from wastewater: equilibria, model, and fitting of apparent extraction equilibrium constants." RSC Advances 6, no. 8 (2016): 6125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra20802e.

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30

Nimbalkar, R. P., R. P. Ugwekar, and S. K. Deshmukh. "Equilibrium Study of Natural Non Toxic Solvents for Recovery of Trans- Aconitic Acid by Reactive Extraction." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-2 (February 28, 2019): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd20252.

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31

Pursell, M. R., M. A. Mendes-Tatsis, and D. C. Stuckey. "Co-Extraction during Reactive Extraction of Phenylalanine using Aliquat 336: Interfacial Mass Transfer." Biotechnology Progress 19, no. 2 (April 4, 2003): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp025630e.

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32

Cascaval, D., C. Oniscu, and A. I. Galaction. "Selective separation of amino acids by reactive extraction." Biochemical Engineering Journal 7, no. 3 (May 2001): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-703x(00)00096-6.

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33

LI, Deliang, Xiaoqiang LIU, and Jiehu CUI. "Reactive Extraction of o-Aminophenol Using Trialkylphosphine Oxide." Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 14, no. 1 (February 2006): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1004-9541(06)60036-0.

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34

Grzenia, David L., Daniel J. Schell, and S. Ranil Wickramsinghe. "Detoxification of biomass hydrolysates by reactive membrane extraction." Journal of Membrane Science 348, no. 1-2 (February 2010): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2009.10.035.

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35

Malinowski, J. J. "Reactive Extraction for Downstream Separation of 1,3-Propanediol." Biotechnology Progress 16, no. 1 (February 4, 2000): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp990140g.

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36

Blaga, Alexandra Cristina, Madalina Postaru, Anca Irina Galaction, and Dan Caşcaval. "Selective separation of vitamin C by reactive extraction." New Biotechnology 29 (September 2012): S224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2012.08.631.

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37

Kuipers, N. J. M., B. Kuzmanovic, A. B. De Haan, and G. Kwant. "Reactive Extraction of Oxygenates with Aqueous Salt Solutions." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 76, no. 9 (September 2004): 1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.200490307.

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38

Pai, Rajaram A., Michael F. Doherty, and Michael F. Malone. "Design of reactive extraction systems for bioproduct recovery." AIChE Journal 48, no. 3 (March 2002): 514–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690480310.

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39

Gorden, J., T. Zeiner, and C. Brandenbusch. "Reactive Extraction of Dicarboxylic Acids from Biocatalytic Origin." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 87, no. 8 (July 28, 2015): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.201550006.

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40

Blaga, Alexandra Cristina, and Teodor Malutan. "Selective Separation of Vitamin C by Reactive Extraction." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 57, no. 2 (December 29, 2011): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je2010193.

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41

Pal, Dharm, Niraj Thakre, Awanish Kumar, and Amit Keshav. "Reactive extraction of pyruvic acid using mixed extractants." Separation Science and Technology 51, no. 7 (February 6, 2016): 1141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2016.1143508.

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42

Li, Yanjun, Jiawen Zhu, Yanyang Wu, and Jiaxian Liu. "Reactive extraction of 2,3-butanediol from fermentation broth." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 30, no. 1 (January 2013): 154–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11814-012-0114-0.

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43

De Brabander, Pieter, Evelien Uitterhaegen, Ellen Verhoeven, Cedric Vander Cruyssen, Karel De Winter, and Wim Soetaert. "In Situ Product Recovery of Bio-Based Industrial Platform Chemicals: A Guideline to Solvent Selection." Fermentation 7, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7010026.

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In situ product recovery (ISPR), in the form of an extractive fermentation process, can increase productivity and product titers in the sustainable production of platform chemicals. To establish a guideline for the development of industrially relevant production processes for such bio-based compounds, a wide screening was performed, mapping the potential of an extensive range of solvents and solvent mixtures. Besides solvent biocompatibility with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, distribution coefficients of three organic acids (protocatechuic acid, adipic acid and para-aminobenzoic acid) and four fragrance compounds (2-phenylethanol, geraniol, trans-cinnamaldehyde and β-ionone) were determined. While for highly hydrophobic fragrance compounds, multiple pure solvents were identified that were able to extract more than 98%, reactive extraction mixtures were proven effective for more challenging compounds including organic acids and hydrophilic alcohols. For example, a reactive mixture consisting of 12.5% of the extractant CYTOP 503 in canola oil was found to be biocompatible and showed superior extraction efficiency for the challenging compounds as compared to any biocompatible single solvent. This mapping of biocompatible solvents and solvent mixtures for the extraction of various classes of industrial platform chemicals can be a tremendous step forward in the development of extractive fermentations.
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44

Keshav, Amit, Kailas Wasewar, and Shri Chand. "RECOVERY OF PROPIONIC ACID BY REACTIVE EXTRACTION: EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND WATER CO-EXTRACTION." International Conference on Chemical and Environmental Engineering 4, no. 6 (May 1, 2008): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/iccee.2008.38381.

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45

Likidis, Z., E. Schlichting, L. Bischoff, and K. Schügerl. "Reactive extraction of penicillin G from mycel-containing broth in a countercurrent extraction decanter." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33, no. 11 (May 1989): 1385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260331104.

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46

PATNAIK, P. "A geometric interpretation of the feasibility of reactive extraction/re-extraction of penicillin G." Journal of Biotechnology 23, no. 1 (March 1992): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-1656(92)90102-f.

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47

Jung, Seong Ho, Ki Sub Kim, Yeon Ki Hong, and Byung Heung Park. "Reactive Extraction of Propionic Acid Using Tri-n-octylamine." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.634.

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Propionic acid has been received increasing attention due to its various usages as an antifungal agent in food and a chemical in the production of several chemical products. In order to develop an alternative production process of propionic acid such as fermentation of glycerol, the cost effective recovery process of propionic acid from its fermentation broth is needed. Differently from conventional physical extraction, long chain amine (TOA)-based extraction is the separation process using reactions between amine and materials extracted. The equilibrium distribution of propionic acid increased with amine concentration and decreased with increase of n-heptane composition in mixed diluents. From the loading values with TOA concentrations, it was found that the stoichiometries of acid-amine-1-octanol complex were (1,1) and (1,1,1). From this study, amine-based extraction can be promising separation process for the recovery of propionic acid.
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48

Zahari, M. Shahrir M., Shahrul Ismail, Mohd Zamri Ibrahim, Su Shiung Lam, and R. Mat. "Study of Enhanced Reactive Extraction Process Using Ultrasonication for Jatropha curcas Seed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 522–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.522.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility and positive effects of ultrasonication toward Jatropha Curcas seed reactive extraction process. Ultrasonic-assisted oil extraction from Jatropha seed were compared with conventional stirring method of a shaker bath at varied conditions such as seed sizes (<1.0 – 4.0 mm), temperature (30 – 60°C) and time (1 – 60 min). The results revealed that a swift and complete Jatropha oil extraction can be achieved with the aid of ultrasound influenced mostly by temperature and reaction time differences. Transesterification conversion were confirmed with NMR revealing the presence of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) in the solution mixture. Enhanced effect by the ultrasonication were evidenced for a better and faster extraction whilst simultaneously converting Jatropha oil into biodiesel.
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49

Djas, Małgorzata, and Marek Henczka. "Reactive extraction of citric acid using supercritical carbon dioxide." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 117 (November 2016): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2016.05.005.

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50

YAMAMOTO, Eiji, Yositeru INOUE, Katuhiko SHINOZAKI, and Hisatoyo YAZAWA. "Effect of Agitation on Reactive Extraction of Cephalosporin C." NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI, no. 9 (1997): 654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi.1997.654.

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