Relevant bibliographies by topics / Readability

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Readability'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Readability"

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Fadilah, Rohana. "BUKU TEKS BAHASA INDONESIA SMP DAN SMA KURIKULUM 2013 TERBITAN KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN 2014." Jurnal Pena Indonesia 1, no. 1 (October 7, 2016): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jpi.v1n1.p26-49.

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Text book is one of important instruments in successful learning. Ministry of Education and Culture published standard textbook. Readability’s textbook must compatible with student’s capability and psychology. Fry’s graph is the best readability measuring tool for textbook. Aim of this research is to descibe readability’s Indonesian textbooks of Junior and Senior High School curriculum 2013 published by Ministry of Education and Cultural 2014. The kind of this research is literature study. The data collection used documentation technique. The result of this reseach is (1) the readability of Indonesian textbook for seventh grader is not suitable for target student because 20 of 33 texts is not suitable for seventh grader student based on Fry’s graph, (2) the readability of Indonesian textbook for eighth grader is suitable for target student because 17 of 22 texts is suitable for eighth grader student based on Fry’s graph, (3) the readability of Indonesian textbook for tenth grader is not suitable for target student because 18 of 23 texts is not suitable for tenth grader student based on Fry’s graph, (4) the readability of Indonesian textbook for eleventh grader first semester is not suitable for target student because 9 of 10 texts is not suitable for eleventh grader student based on Fry’s graph, and (5) the readability of Indonesian textbook for eleventh grader second semester curriculum 2013 is not suitable for target student because 14 of 22 texts is not suitable for seventh grader student based on Fry’s graph.
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Logsdon, M. Cynthia, and Marianne H. Hutti. "Readability." MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 31, no. 6 (November 2006): 350???355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200611000-00004.

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Bekavac, Luka. "Readability Thresholds." Cross-cultural studies review 1, no. 1-2 (April 15, 2020): 69–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.38003/ccsr.1.1-2.4.

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The unreadable and the illegible tend to be treated as the “other” of writing. Playing on one of the meanings of xenography – writing in a language unknown to the writer – this paper explores the possibility that the metaphorical “gravity assist” of literature, rather than engaging the resources of content and imagination, actually resides in the cognitively inaccessible layers of writing as a material phenomenon. If we accept Harman’s definition of realism as something that can’t be translated into human knowledge without energy loss, regions of unintelligibility in literary writing take on a completely different meaning, and appear as zones coinciding with the asemic material exteriority, equally unavailable to thought and mimesis. Writings of Thomas Ligotti (The Red Tower), Reza Negarestani (Cyclonopedia) and Mark Z. Danielewski (The Familiar) are examined in the light of various atypical formal devices they use to convey a certain “otherness,” introducing varying degrees of unreadability as a response to the “inscrutability of the Real itself” (Fisher) and enforcing new types of non-hierarchical distribution of agency between writer, reader and text.
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Turner, Daniel L. "Text readability." Nature 357, no. 6380 (June 1992): 622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/357622b0.

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Shelby, Annette N. "Readability Formulas." Management Communication Quarterly 5, no. 4 (May 1992): 485–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0893318992005004004.

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Rye, James. "Computing readability." Literacy 19, no. 2 (July 1985): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9345.1985.tb00592.x.

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Haller, Jasmine, Zachary Keller, Susan Barr, Kristie Hadden, and Sallie S. Oliphant. "Assessing Readability." Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery 25, no. 2 (2019): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/spv.0000000000000653.

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Giordano, Gerard. "Determining Readability." Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas 61, no. 1 (September 1987): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00098655.1987.10113906.

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Drury, Alinda. "Evaluating readability." IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication PC-28, no. 4 (1985): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpc.1985.6448840.

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Hayward, Leanne M. "Readability analysis?" Psychiatrist 35, no. 8 (August 2011): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.35.8.316a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Readability"

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Smith, Christian. "Automatic summarization and readability." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-68332.

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The enormous amount of information available today within different media gives rise to the notion of ways to reduce the inevitable complexity and to distribute text material to different channels or media. In an effort to investigate the possibilities of a tool to help eleviate the problem, an automatic summarizer called COGSUM has been developed and evaluated with regards to the informational quality of the summaries and with regards to the readability. COGSUM is based on word space methodology, including virtues such as problematic computational complexity and possibilities of inferring semantic relations. The results from the evaluations show how to set some parameters in order to get as good summary as possible and that the resulting summaries have higher readability score than the full text on different genres.
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Sjöholm, Johan. "Probability as readability : A new machine learning approach to readability assessment for written Swedish." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, NLPLAB - Laboratoriet för databehandling av naturligt språk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-78107.

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This thesis explores the possibility of assessing the degree of readability of writtenSwedish using machine learning. An application using four levels of linguistic analysishas been implemented and tested with four different established algorithmsfor machine learning. The new approach has then been compared to establishedreadability metrics for Swedish. The results indicate that the new method workssignificantly better for readability classification of both sentences and documents.The system has also been tested with so called soft classification which returns aprobability for the degree of readability of a given text. This probability can thenbe used to rank texts according to probable degree of readability.
Detta examensarbete utforskar möjligheterna att bedöma svenska texters läsbarhet med hjälp av maskininlärning. Ett system som använder fyra nivåer av lingvistisk analys har implementerats och testats med fyra olika etablerade algoritmer för maskininlärning. Det nya angreppssättet har sedan jämförts med etablerade läsbarhetsmått för svenska. Resultaten visar att den nya metoden fungerar markant bättre för läsbarhetsklassning av både meningar och hela dokument. Systemet har också testats med så kallad mjuk klassificering som ger ett sannolikhetsvärde för en given texts läsbarhetsgrad. Detta sannolikhetsvärde kan användas för rangordna texter baserad på sannolik läsbarhetsgrad.
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Larsson, Martin, and Samuel Ljungberg. "Readability: Man and Machine : Using readability metrics to predict results from unsupervised sentiment analysis." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301842.

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Readability metrics assess the ease with which human beings read and understand written texts. With the advent of machine learning techniques that allow computers to also analyse text, this provides an interesting opportunity to investigate whether readability metrics can be used to inform on the ease with which machines understand texts. To that end, the specific machine analysed in this paper uses word embeddings to conduct unsupervised sentiment analysis. This specification minimises the need for labelling and human intervention, thus relying heavily on the machine instead of the human. Across two different datasets, sentiment predictions are made using Google’s Word2Vec word embedding algorithm, and are evaluated to produce a dichotomous output variable per sentiment. This variable, representing whether a prediction is correct or not, is then used as the dependent variable in a logistic regression with 17 readability metrics as independent variables. The resulting model has high explanatory power and the effects of readability metrics on the results from the sentiment analysis are mostly statistically significant. However, metrics affect sentiment classification in the two datasets differently, indicating that the metrics are expressions of linguistic behaviour unique to the datasets. The implication of the findings is that readability metrics could be used directly in sentiment classification models to improve modelling accuracy. Moreover, the results also indicate that machines are able to pick up on information that human beings do not pick up on, for instance that certain words are associated with more positive or negative sentiments.
Läsbarhetsmått bedömer hur lätt eller svårt det är för människor att läsa och förstå skrivna texter. Eftersom nya maskininlärningstekniker har utvecklats kan datorer numera också analysera texter. Därför är en intressant infallsvinkel huruvida läsbarhetsmåtten också kan användas för att bedöma hur lätt eller svårt det är för maskiner att förstå texter. Mot denna bakgrund använder den specifika maskinen i denna uppsats ordinbäddningar i syfte att utföra oövervakad sentimentanalys. Således minimeras behovet av etikettering och mänsklig handpåläggning, vilket resulterar i en mer djupgående analys av maskinen istället för människan. I två olika dataset jämförs rätt svar mot sentimentförutsägelser från Googles ordinbäddnings-algoritm Word2Vec för att producera en binär utdatavariabel per sentiment. Denna variabel, som representerar om en förutsägelse är korrekt eller inte, används sedan som beroende variabel i en logistisk regression med 17 olika läsbarhetsmått som oberoende variabler. Den resulterande modellen har högt förklaringsvärde och effekterna av läsbarhetsmåtten på resultaten från sentimentanalysen är mestadels statistiskt signifikanta. Emellertid är effekten på klassificeringen beroende på dataset, vilket indikerar att läsbarhetsmåtten ger uttryck för olika lingvistiska beteenden som är unika till datamängderna. Implikationen av resultaten är att läsbarhetsmåtten kan användas direkt i modeller som utför sentimentanalys för att förbättra deras prediktionsförmåga. Dessutom indikerar resultaten också att maskiner kan plocka upp på information som människor inte kan, exempelvis att vissa ord är associerade med positiva eller negativa sentiment.
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Öquist, Gustav. "Evaluating Readability on Mobile Devices." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Linguistics and Philology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7378.

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The thesis presents findings from five readability studies performed on mobile devices. The dynamic Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) format has been enhanced with regard to linguistic adaptation and segmentation as well as eye movement modeling. The novel formats have been evaluated against other common presentation formats including Paging, Scrolling, and Leading in latin-square balanced repeated-measurement studies with 12-16 subjects. Apart from monitoring Reading speed, Comprehension, and Task load (NASA-TLX), Eye movement tracking has been used to learn more about how the text presentation affects reading.

The Page format generally offered best readability. Reading on a mobile phone decreased reading speed by 10% compared to reading on a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), an interesting finding given that the display area of the mobile phone was 50% smaller. Scrolling, the most commonly used presentation format on mobile devices today, proved inferior to both Paging and RSVP. Leading, the most widely known dynamic format, caused very unnatural eye movements for reading. This seems to have increased task load, but not affected reading speed to a similar extent. The RSVP format displaying one word at time was found to reduce eye movements significantly, but contrary to common claims, this resulted in decreased reading speed and increased task load. In the last study, Predictive Text Presentation (PTP) was introduced. The format is based on RSVP and combines linguistic chunking and adaptation with eye movement modeling to achieve a reading experience that can rival traditional text presentation.

It is explained why readability on mobile devices is important, how it may be evaluated in an efficient and yet reliable manner, and PTP is pinpointed as the format with greatest potential for improvement. The methodology used in the evaluations and the shortcomings of the studies are discussed. Finally, a hyper-graeco-latin-square experimental design is proposed for future evaluations.

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Öquist, Gustav. "Evaluating readability on mobile devices /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis(AUU) : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7378.

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Newbold, Neil. "New approaches for text readability." Thesis, University of York, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.583378.

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This thesis describes new approaches to text readability that can help in making written communications more readily understood. The research aims to undergo a deeper exploration of readability and the properties of text that make it easier to understand. The work will attempt to gain an improved understanding of the relationship between text and the reader and propose new methods for assessing readability that will move away from existing surface measures of readability. These existing readability formulas, in spite of their popularity, raise various concerns in failing to detect a number of common writing problems because their focus is largely on word and sentence length. Many users also attempt to improve their writing on the basis of the results produced by these formulas, but acting on the basis of a single numerical output for an entire text presents difficulties in locating troublesome writing. There is criticism, also, that the existing readability formulas were validated using out-dated school grades. In our research, we are taking an extended view of readability that incorporates features of text cohesion, propositional density, word familiarity and the abilities and knowledge of the reader. We have devised a framework that incorporates these features, and derived a number of new configurable measures of readability that can provide reader-specific scoring. Some of the new measures can be applied at sentence level to direct authors to specific writing problems and provide automated feedback on their resolution. To assess the success of our new approaches, we critique and assess existing methods for evaluating readability measures. We use reader preferences over short text passages, when controlled for other features of readability to evaluating our readability methods. We found close agreement between the new measures and reader preferences, demonstrating that the measures can be configured to provide agreement for different types of reader. In addition, we devised a new method for evaluating readability measures using reading times from eye-tracking data. One of our measures, for word familiarity, shows a strong correlation (0.941) with average reading time in comparison to the next best performing existing readability measure (0.906). This particular measure incorporates sentence length in characters, due to the finding of a significant correlation (0.963) between sentence-level reading time and sentence length in characters. The latter indicates that character counts might reflect sentence-level text difficulty rather more accurately than the existing readability measures but would be insufficient alone to offer targeted feedback, and our combination is advantageous even with the cost of a slightly lowered correlation. Using the word familiarity measure, we have also derived a way to estimate how much reading time can be saved by improving readability. We demonstrate our approach in several software prototypes which can provide additional automated feedback to users on how to improve their readability. One ofthese prototypes, for Open Office, has generated over 12,000 downloads to date.
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Hansson, Axel, and Marcus Lönnqvist. "Compressibility as Proxy for Readability." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för data- och systemvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-43180.

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This study’s main objective is to examine if there is acorrelation between readability and compressibility of Java code. The code readability is important to softwaremaintainability and the comprehension of the code, and thiscan be verified and tested with a range of different metricssuch as B&W, Scalabrino and Dorn’s readability metric.Should there exist a correlation, compressibility could proveto be a simple yet useful readability metric.Data compression is when code or data is encoded usingfewer bits that its original size. There are several algorithmsto do this, and this study works with some of the mostpopular methods. To examine the correlation, we first testedthe different compression algorithms against each other tosee if there was a major difference in size of the resulting file.After that we compared the compressibility between twodifferent types of written code, with previously establisheddifferences in readability.All in all, the source code from a total of 20 popular GitHubprojects were tested with 3 compression algorithms tocompare the differences between the algorithms. For thecompressibility comparisons between code as relating toreadability, a combined total of 104 code snippets weretested, 52 of each compared coding paradigm.Result: For the first test we concluded that there was nosignificant difference between the compression rates of thealgorithms, ending up roughly within 4% or less of eachother on average.The second result reveals a small difference incompressibility between sets of code using reactive Java andobject-oriented Java. These two paradigms are showing adifference in readability according to earlier research, thoughthe difference in compressibility was so small that it wasconsidered negligible. This is due to a lack of variety ofsnippets tested and the difference can largely be attributed tothe small file sizes of some snippets. The smaller filesincreased in size due to the compression adding an“overhead” when a file is compressed. This is morenoticeable on smaller files which this study tested a lot of.In conclusion, the study was unable to indicate a clearconnection between source code readability andcompressibility. Thus, it does not indicate that compressibility is a suitable proxy for readability as of now.This study does however start a conversation on a topicpreviously untouched, and we hope that this study can pointother studies in the right direction. The scope of this researchis too big to be fully explored in this study alone, and westrongly suggest future research on the topic.
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Tillman, Robin, and Ludvig Hagberg. "Readability algorithms compability on multiple languages." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146017.

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This paper aims to test the compatibility of readability algorithms when using text written in dierent languages as parameters, the languages used is Swedish and English. A readability algorithm aims to approximate the readability of a text. Readability can be dened in many ways but the denition used in this paper is simply in which easea text can be read and understood. The tests conducted was done on the Swedish and English version of the same text, hence the readabilityis expected to be fairly alike. Three algorithms was tested, Coleman-Liauindex (CLI), Lasbarhetsindex (LIX) and Automated Readability Index(ARI). The texts used was a collection of Wikipedia articles, "On the Origin of Species" by Charles Darwin and the Bible and their respective translations. The main focus was put into the Wikipedia articles because of the amount of text they consisted of and "On the Origin of Species" due to the similar set of variables in both languages and due to their similar sentence structure. The tests showed that both ARI and LIX works for both Swedish and English on texts which by the the denitions of the formulas are less readable. CLI however seem to perform less well on these higher level texts, but works excellent on the Bible which by all where dened as easy to read. This leads to the conclusion that ARI and LIX work on hard and average texts in both English and Swedish and that CLI work only on easy to rad texts in both languages.
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Janan, Dahlia. "Towards a new model of readability." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2011. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/51759/.

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This thesis attempts to develop a new model for a renewed concept of readability. The thesis begins by discussing the rationale for carrying out this research. Next, the extensive literature around the topic of readability is reviewed. The literature suggests that most research into readability has stemmed from a positivist paradigm, and has used quantitative methods to assess text comprehensibility. This approach has been widely criticised and, recently, more qualitative methods stemming from an interpretive paradigm have been employed. It seems that both quantitative and qualitative methods have strengths and limitations. Therefore, the research I have carried out has explored the concept of readability by combining these two research approaches. The data collection methods include readability formulae; text feature analyses; miscue analyses; retellings and interviews. This research has been conducted in the United Kingdom and involved 16 male and 16 female pupils with an age range from 6 to 11 years old. All the participants were fluent readers. Data were analysed using; (1) six online readability formulae - ATOS (1997); Dale-Chall (1948); Flesch-Kincaid (1948); FOG (1952); SMOG (1969); and Spache (1953); (2) Reading Miscue Inventory (Goodman, Watson & Burke, 2005); (3) Judging Richness of Retellings (Irwin & Mitchell, 1983); (4) text feature analysis forms; and (5) a cross-interview analysis approach. Two computer software programmes i.e Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 17) and Qualitative Data Analysis (Nvivo 7) were used to organise and analyse the quantitative and qualitative data. The findings suggest that the concept of readability is influenced by both reader and text factors. The reader factors involve a complex relationship of nine embedded elements within the reader, namely interest, prior knowledge, attitude, reading ability, motivation, purpose of reading, engagement, age and gender. The text factors include eight elements, these being the physical features of the text, genre, content, author, linguistic difficulties, legibility, illustrations and organization of the text. This research comes to the conclusion that the concept of readability is a complex matching process involving the dynamic interaction between both reader and text factors and bound by certain contexts.
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Lea, Billie. "Readability in business and technical writing." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/420.

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Books on the topic "Readability"

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1900-, Dale Edgar, ed. Readability revisited: The new Dale-Chall readability formula. Cambridge, Mass: Brookline Books, 1995.

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Bailin, Alan, and Ann Grafstein. Readability: Text and Context. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137388773.

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Bailin, Alan. Readability: Text and Context. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.

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1900-, Dale Edgar, ed. Varying approaches to readability measurement. Montréal (Québec), Canada: Université du Québec à Montréal, 1996.

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Ainscough, Eva. The readability of mathematics text. Manchester: University of Manchester, 1995.

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Board, College Entrance Examination, and Touchstone Applied Science Associates, eds. Readability report in DRP units. 7th ed. New York, N.Y: College Board, 1985.

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University of Reading. Centre for the Teaching of Reading., ed. How and why of readability. Reading: Centre for the Teaching of Reading, University of Reading, 1985.

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L, Zakaluk Beverley, Samuels S. Jay, and International Reading Association, eds. Readability: Its past, present, and future. Newark, Del: International Reading Association, 1988.

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Mobley, Maureen. Making ourselves clearer: Readability in GCSE. London: Secondary Examinations Council, 1987.

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Emmanuel, Nges Chia, ed. Guide to readability in African languages. München: Lincom Europa, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Readability"

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Scott, Bede. "Readability." In On Lightness in World Literature, 89–115. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137346841_5.

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Weik, Martin H. "readability." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 1418. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_15531.

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Roos, Cathryn, and Gregory Roos. "Readability." In Real Science in Clear English, 15–21. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7820-1_3.

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Wallwork, Adrian. "Readability." In English for Academic Research: A Guide for Teachers, 29–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32687-0_3.

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Papper, Robert A. "Readability." In Broadcast News and Writing Stylebook, 72–80. 7th edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367823030-6.

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Wallwork, Adrian. "Readability." In English for Academic Research, 119–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31072-0_8.

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Wallwork, Adrian. "Readability." In English for Academic Research, 141–48. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31517-6_13.

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Bailin, Alan, and Ann Grafstein. "Readability Formulas." In Readability: Text and Context, 10–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137388773_2.

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Besnault, Anne. "History's Readability." In Virginia Woolf's Unwritten Histories, 40–65. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429331787-4.

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Kallan, Richard. "Rating Your Readability." In Renovating Your Writing, 160–66. Second edition. | New York, NY, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge, [2017]: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315186603-6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Readability"

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Wisler, Keith T., John J. Doyle, Jr., and Michael J. Giuglianotti. "Display readability." In SPIE's International Symposium on Optical Engineering and Photonics in Aerospace Sensing, edited by Darrel G. Hopper. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.177785.

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Pitler, Emily, and Ani Nenkova. "Revisiting readability." In the Conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1613715.1613742.

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Liu, Yuliang, Zhiwei Jiang, Yafeng Yin, Cong Wang, Sheng Chen, Zhaoling Chen, and Qing Gu. "Unsupervised Readability Assessment via Learning from Weak Readability Signals." In SIGIR '23: The 46th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3539618.3591695.

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Hallgren, Chris. "Factors affecting readability." In the 4th annual international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/10563.10581.

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Molinero, Xavier, and Amr Laamiri. "Readability and letters." In 2022 17th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/cisti54924.2022.9820094.

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Choi, Joon Suh, and Scott A. Crossley. "Advances in Readability Research: A New Readability Web App for English." In 2022 International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icalt55010.2022.00007.

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Harbach, Marian, Sascha Fahl, Thomas Muders, and Matthew Smith. "Towards measuring warning readability." In the 2012 ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2382196.2382301.

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Steenhuis, Quinten, Bryce Willey, and David Colarusso. "Beyond Readability with RateMyPDF." In ICAIL 2023: Nineteenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3594536.3595146.

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Antunes, Helder, and Carla Teixeira Lopes. "Readability of web content." In 2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/cisti.2019.8760889.

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Dalal, Mrinmoy, Sankarsan Gautam, Vedanti Gulalkari, Shreyas Joshi, Venkatesh Seetha, Amal Tom, and Matthew A. Lanham. "Language Agnostic Readability Assessments." In 2023 Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, & Applied Computing (CSCE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csce60160.2023.00252.

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Reports on the topic "Readability"

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Howaldt Christiansen, Steen, Brendan Gaffney, Robert B Stapleton, Ludovic Benoit-Gonnin, Fernandito Arroyo, Ivor Kesic, Bartosz Urbaniak, Michael Ritter, and Jannika Kremer. Protocol for Readability. BioPhorum, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46220/2021ff004.

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McDaniel, Delora M., John J. Mathews, and Susan R. Schalow. Readability Grade Norms for 'A' School Training Materials. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada173485.

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Miller, Jennifer L. Corporate Policy System of the Future (CPS-F) Content Comprehension and Readability Usability Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1489628.

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Fairhurst, Vanessa, Chieh-Chih Estelle Cheng, Xiaoli Chen, and Cameron Neylon. Better Together: Open new possibilities with Open Infrastructure (APAC time zones). Chair Hideaki Takeda. Crossref, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.13003/xdvu4372.

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Crossref, DataCite, and ORCID work together to provide foundational open infrastructure that is integral to the global research ecosystem. We offer unique, persistent identifiers (PIDs) — Crossref and DataCite DOIs for research outputs and ORCID iDs for people — alongside collecting comprehensive, open metadata that is non-proprietary, accessible, interoperable, and available across borders, disciplines, and time. As sustainable community-driven scholarly infrastructure providers ORCID, Crossref and Datacite, guarantee data provenance and machine-readability. Persistent identifiers combined with open, standardized, and machine-readable metadata enable reliable and robust connections to be made between research outputs, organizations, individuals, and much more, as well as being beneficial to others who build services and tools on top of the open infrastructure we provide making content more discoverable. In this webinar we discuss: - Who we are - What we mean by Open Scholarly Infrastructure - How our organizations work together for the benefit of the scholarly community - How the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI) help to build trust and accountability as well as ensure we are around for the long term. This is the first of the joint webinar series co-organized by Crossref, DataCite, and ORCID for the Open Science community in the APAC region. The webinar is presented in English and lasts 90 minutes including time for Q&A. This webinar took place on 27 June 2022 at 7am UTC/ 9am CEST / 5pm AEST.
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Reimer, David, Astrid Olsen, Bent Sortkær, and Rie Thomsen. Reducing inequality in access to Higher Education in Denmark: Technical report for Nextstep 1.0 intervention and data collection. Aarhus University, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aul.511.

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The aim of the project Reducing Inequality in Access to Higher Education1 was to raise the university application rate for upper secondary students whose parents did not them-selves have a university degree. The project implemented an information intervention, and his technical report outlines the procedures involved in designing that the interven-tion called NextStep 1.0. It includes the selection and recruitment of schools, as well as the development of a survey for both students and counsellors and the creation of role model videos which was implemented in the intervention. The project Reducing Inequality in Access to Higher Education also included a NextStep 2.0 and a nudge experiment, which are not included in this technical report. To smoothen the readability of the report, we call the project NextStep throughout this report. The NextStep study is funded by Independent Research Fund Denmark, Grant No. 8019-00100B in a project running from 2019 to 2024. The target group for the intervention was upper secondary students in the spring of 2020, when they were just three-five month from graduation. In this report, we will address the following topics: • The design of the intervention • Randomization • Recruitment of schools • Data management including data to register data • Intervention videos and home page activity • Nudges • Appendix with transcripts of intervention material including the survey
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McMartin, I., M. S. Gauthier, and A. V. Page. Updated post-glacial marine limits along western Hudson Bay, central mainland Nunavut and northern Manitoba. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330940.

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A digital compilation of updated postglacial marine limits was completed in the coastal regions of central mainland Nunavut and northern Manitoba between Churchill and Queen Maud Gulf. The compilation builds on and updates previous mapping of the marine limits at an unprecedented scale, making use of high-resolution digital elevation models, new field-based observations of the marine limit and digital compilations of supporting datasets (i.e. marine deltas and marine sediments). The updated mapping also permits a first-hand, knowledgedriven interpolation of a continuous limit of marine inundation linking the Tyrrell Sea to Arctic Ocean seawaters. The publication includes a detailed description of the mapping methods, a preliminary interpretation of the results, and a GIS scalable layout map for easy access to the various layers. These datasets and outputs provide robust constraints to reconstruct the patterns of ice retreat and for glacio-isostatic rebound models, important for the estimation of relative sea level changes and impacts on the construction of nearshore sea-transport infrastructures. They can also be used to evaluate the maximum extent of marine sediments and associated permafrost conditions that can affect land-based infrastructures, and potential secondary processes related to marine action in the surficial environment and, therefore, can enhance the interpretation of geochemical anomalies in glacial drift exploration methods. A generalized map of the maximum limit of postglacial marine inundation produced for map representation and readability also constitutes an accessible output relevant to Northerners and other users of geoscience data.
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Horrocks, Ian, Ulrike Sattler, and Stephan Tobies. A Description Logic with Transitive and Converse Roles, Role Hierarchies and Qualifying Number Restrictions. Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.94.

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As widely argued [HG97; Sat96], transitive roles play an important role in the adequate representation of aggregated objects: they allow these objects to be described by referring to their parts without specifying a level of decomposition. In [HG97], the Description Logic (DL) ALCHR+ is presented, which extends ALC with transitive roles and a role hierarchy. It is argued in [Sat98] that ALCHR+ is well-suited to the representation of aggregated objects in applications that require various part-whole relations to be distinguished, some of which are transitive. However, ALCHR+ allows neither the description of parts by means of the whole to which they belong, or vice versa. To overcome this limitation, we present the DL SHI which allows the use of, for example, has part as well as is part of. To achieve this, ALCHR+ was extended with inverse roles. It could be argued that, instead of defining yet another DL, one could make use of the results presented in [DL96] and use ALC extended with role expressions which include transitive closure and inverse operators. The reason for not proceeding like this is the fact that transitive roles can be implemented more efficiently than the transitive closure of roles (see [HG97]), although they lead to the same complexity class (ExpTime-hard) when added, together with role hierarchies, to ALC. Furthermore, it is still an open question whether the transitive closure of roles together with inverse roles necessitates the use of the cut rule [DM98], and this rule leads to an algorithm with very bad behaviour. We will present an algorithm for SHI without such a rule. Furthermore, we enrich the language with functional restrictions and, finally, with qualifying number restrictions. We give sound and complete decision proceduresfor the resulting logics that are derived from the initial algorithm for SHI. The structure of this report is as follows: In Section 2, we introduce the DL SI and present a tableaux algorithm for satisfiability (and subsumption) of SI-concepts—in another report [HST98] we prove that this algorithm can be refined to run in polynomial space. In Section 3 we add role hierarchies to SI and show how the algorithm can be modified to handle this extension appropriately. Please note that this logic, namely SHI, allows for the internalisation of general concept inclusion axioms, one of the most general form of terminological axioms. In Section 4 we augment SHI with functional restrictions and, using the so-called pairwise-blocking technique, the algorithm can be adapted to this extension as well. Finally, in Section 5, we show that standard techniques for handling qualifying number restrictions [HB91;BBH96] together with the techniques described in previous sections can be used to decide satisfiability and subsumption for SHIQ, namely ALC extended with transitive and inverse roles, role hierarchies, and qualifying number restrictions. Although Section 5 heavily depends on the previous sections, we have made it self-contained, i.e. it contains all necessary definitions and proofs from scratch, for a better readability. Building on the previous sections, Section 6 presents an algorithm that decides the satisfiability of SHIQ-ABoxes.
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