Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Reaktive Sauerstoffspezies (ROS)'
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Oberdanner, Christian. "ROS and antioxidant systems in apoptosis oxidant balance in cell death and cancer therapy." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988931672/04.
Full textGutmann, Emanuel. "Nasschemisch synthetisierte, oxidische Nanomaterialien mit pyroelektrokatalytischen und photokatalytischen Eigenschaften für Anwendungen in der Desinfektionstechnologie." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-102099.
Full textThis thesis deals with two classes of oxidic nanomaterials that were synthesized by chemical solution routes and characterized with respect to structure and morphology. Sols of TiO2, TiO2/SiO2, Ag/TiO2 and Pd/TiO2 containing the photocatalytically active modification anatase in nanocrystalline form were prepared via a solvothermal sol-gel process. With regard to potential application in disinfection and environmental remediation technology the photocatalytic activity of powders and coatings on textile was investigated by means of E. coli decomposition and organic dye degradation. Further the antimicrobial activity of pyroelectric LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 powder materials under cyclical thermal excitation was demonstrated. In this context the application of the pyroelectric effect in a catalytic or electrochemical process – termed as pyroelectrocatalysis – is of fundamental novelty. Based on the physico-chemical principles of the phenomenon a hypothesis of the mechanism was developed and discussed in analogy with photocatalysis
Göttsch, Claudia. "Regulation von oxidativem Stress durch biomechanische Kräfte und fettreiche Ernährung im Herz-Kreislaufsystem." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1173437875664-59523.
Full textCardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death in Germany. Beside the known risk factors hypercholesteremia, hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, stress and high age, a pathophysiologically increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are discussed as cause of development of cardiovascular diseases. Nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complexes have been identified as main source of oxidative stress and vascular superoxide anions. There are 7 known isoforms of the catalytic Nox subunit of the NADPH oxidase. In this dissertation it was shown that NADPH oxidase subunit Nox4 is the major Nox isoform in human endothelial cells. Nox4 could be localized in the perinuclear space. Overexpression of Nox4 enhanced endothelial superoxide anion formation. Furthermore, a reduction of oxidative stress could be demonstrated by chronic application of the biomechanical forces laminar shear stress and cyclic strain in endothelial cells in vitro. The observed downregulation of superoxide anion formation and upregulation of NO formation by application of biomechanical forces contribute to the positive balance between NO and superoxide anion and the vasoprotective potential of physiological shear stress and cyclic strain. Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the human Nox4 promoter revealed that an AP-1 binding site is essential for downregulation of Nox4 by laminar shear stress. On the other hand stimulation of endothelial cells and murine vessels with oxidized lipids caused an upregulation of vascular ROS production in vitro and ex vivo. In order to examine the mechanism of LDL induced ROS formation and the influence of NADPH oxidase, C57BL/6 (wild-type) and Nox2-/- mice were feed with a diet high in fat and sugar (Western-type diet) for 10 weeks. After feeding, the influence of diet on the expression of NADPH oxidase and ROS production was analyzed in the A. thoracalis. Both mice strains showed a significant upregulation of aortic ROS production in comparison to normal chow. The mRNA expression of aortic Nox4 was induced in Nox2-/- mice. Furthermore, the aortic p22phox mRNA expression was upregulated in both mice strains. The analysis of other organs (heart, kidney) showed no influence of the Western-type diet. In conclusion, the results demonstrate a major role of a Nox4 containing NADPH oxidase in the vascular radical formation in vitro and in vivo
Göttsch, Claudia. "Regulation von oxidativem Stress durch biomechanische Kräfte und fettreiche Ernährung im Herz-Kreislaufsystem." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2006. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A24899.
Full textCardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of death in Germany. Beside the known risk factors hypercholesteremia, hyperlipoproteinemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, stress and high age, a pathophysiologically increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are discussed as cause of development of cardiovascular diseases. Nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complexes have been identified as main source of oxidative stress and vascular superoxide anions. There are 7 known isoforms of the catalytic Nox subunit of the NADPH oxidase. In this dissertation it was shown that NADPH oxidase subunit Nox4 is the major Nox isoform in human endothelial cells. Nox4 could be localized in the perinuclear space. Overexpression of Nox4 enhanced endothelial superoxide anion formation. Furthermore, a reduction of oxidative stress could be demonstrated by chronic application of the biomechanical forces laminar shear stress and cyclic strain in endothelial cells in vitro. The observed downregulation of superoxide anion formation and upregulation of NO formation by application of biomechanical forces contribute to the positive balance between NO and superoxide anion and the vasoprotective potential of physiological shear stress and cyclic strain. Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the human Nox4 promoter revealed that an AP-1 binding site is essential for downregulation of Nox4 by laminar shear stress. On the other hand stimulation of endothelial cells and murine vessels with oxidized lipids caused an upregulation of vascular ROS production in vitro and ex vivo. In order to examine the mechanism of LDL induced ROS formation and the influence of NADPH oxidase, C57BL/6 (wild-type) and Nox2-/- mice were feed with a diet high in fat and sugar (Western-type diet) for 10 weeks. After feeding, the influence of diet on the expression of NADPH oxidase and ROS production was analyzed in the A. thoracalis. Both mice strains showed a significant upregulation of aortic ROS production in comparison to normal chow. The mRNA expression of aortic Nox4 was induced in Nox2-/- mice. Furthermore, the aortic p22phox mRNA expression was upregulated in both mice strains. The analysis of other organs (heart, kidney) showed no influence of the Western-type diet. In conclusion, the results demonstrate a major role of a Nox4 containing NADPH oxidase in the vascular radical formation in vitro and in vivo.
Baudler, Stephanie. "Wirkungen reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies Charakterisierung zweier ROS-sensitiver Gene und ihre Rolle bei der Kontrolle des zellulären Wachstums /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962733415.
Full textMakiol, Christian [Verfasser], and Helga [Gutachter] Stopper. "Die Rolle der durch NADPH-Oxidasen produzierten reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) in der Pathophysiologie von Hypertonie und Alterung / Christian Makiol. Gutachter: Helga Stopper." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/110325958X/34.
Full textHaack, Maximilian [Verfasser]. "Die Auswirkung von reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) und ROS-abbauenden Enzymen auf die osteogene Differenzierung von humanen adipogenen Stromazellen (ASCs) und deren Transkriptionsfaktoren FoxO 1, FoxO 3a und β-Catenin. / Maximilian Haack." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1194233937/34.
Full textHanschitz, Kira Béatrice Marie [Verfasser], and Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Maack. "Die Rolle eines zellulären Eisendefizits für den Energiehaushalt, die Funktion der Atmungskette, des Citratzyklus und die Produktion reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) / Kira Béatrice Marie Hanschitz ; Betreuer: Christoph Maack." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1177797259/34.
Full textMakiol, Christian. "Die Rolle der durch NADPH-Oxidasen produzierten reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) in der Pathophysiologie von Hypertonie und Alterung." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-109901.
Full textReactive oxygen species play a major role in the etiology of cancer, in the aging process and cardiovascular diseases (Valko et al., 2007). These oxygen radicals may be formed by the NADPH oxidase enzym complex (Finkel and Holbrook, 2000). The aim of the study is to analyse the effect of ROS in the aging process and hypertension. Therefore two models were used. Young and old wild-type animals were used and compared with young p47 knockout mice, which have a reduced ROS level. As a model with increased ROS levels the ren2-rat model was applied. Those animals were treated with different drugs such as ramipril (ACE inhibitor), apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor) and tempol (radical scavenger). The superoxide concentration was determined in kidney and heart by using dihydroethidium-staining. The DNA double strand breaks were detected by staining with an γH2AX antibody and the expression of Sirtuin1 and Hsp70 which are known as anti-aging proteins, were determined by Western Blot
Hirt, Ursula. "Extramitochondriale und mitochondriale Produktion reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies im Hippokampus MeCP2-defizienter Mäuse." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5EBE-5.
Full textJurak, Begonja Antonija. "NO/cGMP and ROS Pathways in Regulation of Platelet Function and Megakaryocyte Maturation." Doctoral thesis, 2007. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-21954.
Full textIn physiological conditions platelets have a major role in maintaining haemostasis. Platelets prevent bleeding from wounds by distinguishing normal endothelial cells in vasculature from areas with lesions to which they adhere. Interaction of platelet agonists and their receptors is controlled by intracellular signaling molecules that regulate the activation state of platelets. Very important intracellular signaling molecules are cyclic nucleotides (cGMP and cAMP), both involved in inhibition of platelet activation. Formation of cGMP and cAMP in platelets is stimulated by endothelial-derived NO and prostacyclin (PGI2), which then mediate inhibition of platelets by activating protein kinase G (PKG) and protein kinase A (PKA). Recently, it has been suggested that reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent new modulators of cell signaling within different cell types. The work summarized here describes the involvement of platelet ROS production in platelet activation, the relation of NO/cGMP/PKG I pathway to ROS and to mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinase) signaling, and the involvement of cyclic nucleotides in megakaryocyte and platelet development. Platelets activated with different agonists produce intracellular but not extracellular ROS by activation of NAD(P)H oxidase. In addition, ROS produced in platelets significantly affects αIIbβ3 integrin activation but not alpha/dense granule secretion and platelet shape change. Thrombin induced integrin αIIbβ3 activation is significantly decreased after pretreatment of platelets with NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors and superoxide scavengers. These inhibitors also reduce platelet aggregation and thrombus formation on collagen under high shear and achieve their effects independently of the NO/cGMP pathway. ADP secreted from platelet dense granules with subsequent activation of P2Y12 receptors as well as thromboxane A2 release are found to be important upstream mediators of p38 MAP kinase activation by thrombin. However, p38 MAP kinase activation does not significantly contribute to calcium mobilization, P-selectin expression, αIIbβ3 integrin activation and aggregation of human platelets in response to thrombin. Finally, PKG activation does not stimulate, but rather inhibit, p38 and ERK MAP kinases in human platelets. Further study revealed that cyclic nucleotides not only inhibit platelet activation, but are also involved, albeit differentially, in megakaryocyte and platelet development. cAMP is engaged in haematopoietic stem cell differentiation to megakaryocytes, and cGMP has no impact on this process. While PKA is already present in stem cells, expression of proteins involved in cGMP signaling (soluble guanylyl cyclase, sGC; PKG) increases with maturation of megakaryocytes. In the final step of megakaryocyte maturation that includes release of platelets, cGMP and cAMP have mild but opposing effects: cGMP increases platelet production while cAMP decreases it indicating a finely regulated process that could depend on stimulus coming from adjacent endothelial cells of sinusoids in bone marrow. The results of this thesis contribute to a better understanding of platelet regulation and of the possible molecular mechanisms involved in megakaryocyte maturation in bone marrow vascular microenvironment
Großer, Emanuel. "Oxidativer Stress und mitochondriale Dysfunktion in einem Mausmodell des Rett-Syndroms." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-87BF-8.
Full textGutmann, Emanuel. "Nasschemisch synthetisierte, oxidische Nanomaterialien mit pyroelektrokatalytischen und photokatalytischen Eigenschaften für Anwendungen in der Desinfektionstechnologie." Doctoral thesis, 2012. https://tubaf.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A22834.
Full textThis thesis deals with two classes of oxidic nanomaterials that were synthesized by chemical solution routes and characterized with respect to structure and morphology. Sols of TiO2, TiO2/SiO2, Ag/TiO2 and Pd/TiO2 containing the photocatalytically active modification anatase in nanocrystalline form were prepared via a solvothermal sol-gel process. With regard to potential application in disinfection and environmental remediation technology the photocatalytic activity of powders and coatings on textile was investigated by means of E. coli decomposition and organic dye degradation. Further the antimicrobial activity of pyroelectric LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 powder materials under cyclical thermal excitation was demonstrated. In this context the application of the pyroelectric effect in a catalytic or electrochemical process – termed as pyroelectrocatalysis – is of fundamental novelty. Based on the physico-chemical principles of the phenomenon a hypothesis of the mechanism was developed and discussed in analogy with photocatalysis.
Schäfer, Rolf Ulrich [Verfasser]. "Hypoxie-induzierte Freisetzung reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) in isoliert perfundierten und ventilierten Mauslungen / vorgelegt von Rolf Ulrich Schäfer." 2008. http://d-nb.info/988016346/34.
Full textTastan, Hakan [Verfasser]. "Differenzierung von reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) und Untersuchung der Spezifität des ROS-Fluoreszenzindikators H2R bei PC12-Zellen der Ratte unter Hypoxie / vorgelegt von Hakan Tastan." 2008. http://d-nb.info/990947459/34.
Full textFuchs, Ulrich. "Der Einfluss von Präparaten der Blaualge Spirulina platensis auf die Bildung von reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) der Hefe Candida albicans /." 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015058148&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textBaudler, Stephanie [Verfasser]. "Wirkungen reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies : Charakterisierung zweier ROS-sensitiver Gene und ihre Rolle bei der Kontrolle des zellulären Wachstums / vorgelegt von Stephanie Baudler." 2001. http://d-nb.info/962733415/34.
Full textFuchs, Ulrich [Verfasser]. "Der Einfluss von Präparaten der Blaualge Spirulina platensis auf die Bildung von reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) der Hefe Candida albicans / von Ulrich Fuchs." 2006. http://d-nb.info/982775172/34.
Full textKiefer, Ingrid [Verfasser]. "Biochemische und molekularbiologische Untersuchungen zur Beteiligung reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) am Wirkungsmechanismus der systemisch erworbenen Resistenz (SAR) in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. / vorgelegt von Ingrid Kiefer." 2004. http://d-nb.info/975146726/34.
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