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Journal articles on the topic 'Real collateral'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wygaś, Sebastian. "DETERMINANTS OF REAL ESTATE EVALUATION IN THE ASPECT OF CREDITOR’S DECISION – MAKING PROCESS." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas Zarządzanie 19, no. 1 (2018): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0535.

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Real estate evaluation carried by real estate appraisers allows to assess market value of the mortgage loan collateral. Appraisal report is often considered by creditor as mandatory requirement. Real estate evaluations are required by creditors to be in accordance with their guidelines and recommendations. Considering the above an analysis of guidelines of ING Bank Śląski S.A., Bank Millennium S.A. and Alior Bank S.A. for appraisal reports of real estates considered as collaterals was performed. Purpose of the following paper is to present and compare chosen solutions concerning evaluation pro

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Grunwald, Iris Q., Johann Kulikovski, Wolfgang Reith, et al. "Collateral Automation for Triage in Stroke: Evaluating Automated Scoring of Collaterals in Acute Stroke on Computed Tomography Scans." Cerebrovascular Diseases 47, no. 5-6 (2019): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000500076.

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Computed tomography angiography (CTA) collateral scoring can identify patients most likely to benefit from mechanical thrombectomy and those more likely to have good outcomes and ranges from 0 (no collaterals) to 3 (complete collaterals). In this study, we used a machine learning approach to categorise the degree of collateral flow in 98 patients who were eligible for mechanical thrombectomy and generate an e-CTA collateral score (CTA-CS) for each patient (e-STROKE SUITE, Brainomix Ltd., Oxford, UK). Three experienced neuroradiologists (NRs) independently estimated the CTA-CS, first without an

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3

Ezike, Obiora. "The Collateral Directive and Financial Collateral: Ownership of, or entitlement to, collateral?" European Property Law Journal 10, no. 2-3 (2021): 304–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eplj-2021-0015.

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Abstract It is controversial if incorporeal moveables (or choses in action) can be the object of property rights. The Collateral Directive arguably attempts to take the middle-ground in this debate. It acknowledges that a person may have either ‘full ownership of’, or 'full entitlement' to, financial collateral, which are conceptualised as intangibles. The approach adopted by the Directive throws up some questions: Is there a difference between owning or being entitled to collateral? If there is a difference, does this matter? The article first highlights the underlying controversy between the

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Chaney, Thomas, David Sraer, and David Thesmar. "The Collateral Channel: How Real Estate Shocks Affect Corporate Investment." American Economic Review 102, no. 6 (2012): 2381–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.6.2381.

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What is the impact of real estate prices on corporate investment? In the presence of financing frictions, firms use pledgeable assets as collateral to finance new projects. Through this collateral channel, shocks to the value of real estate can have a large impact on aggregate investment. To compute the sensitivity of investment to collateral value, we use local variations in real estate prices as shocks to the collateral value of firms that own real estate. Over the 1993–2007 period, the representative US corporation invests $0.06 out of each $1 of collateral. (JEL D22, G31, R30)

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5

Zhao, Daxuan. "Corporate Governance and Collateral Effect of Real Estate." International Real Estate Review 27, no. 1 (2024): 117–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100378.

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The collateral channel literature predicts that soaring real estate prices increase the debt capacity of firms with more real estate asset holdings. This paper discusses the different relationships between collateral and investment. We find that firms with strong corporate governance were more likely to increase debt capacity via the collateral channel during the real estate boom from 1993 to 2006. Entrenched managers used less debt to finance their investments when their real estate collateral values increased. Our results hold even after controlling for non-collateralized debts and credit ra

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Li, Lingxiao, and Bing Zhu. "International Real Estate Review." International Real Estate Review 23, no. 4 (2020): 433–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100309.

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This paper investigates two types of housing wealth effects: conventional housing wealth and collateral. We incorporate home equity extraction (HEE) and the influence of mortgage liberalization into the model in Campbell and Mankiw (1989). Based on U.S. data during the 1977Q1–2019Q4, our empirical results suggest that consumption is remarkably influenced by the use of HEE, rather than home equity. Furthermore, the rapid expansion of mortgage securitization significantly amplifies the collateral effect. Conditional on the use of HEE and the share of non-bank mortgage holdings, housing wealth ha

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Giambona, Erasmo, Joseph Golec, and Armin Schwienbacher. "Debt Capacity of Real Estate Collateral." Real Estate Economics 42, no. 3 (2013): 578–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.12034.

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8

Paulin, Sven. "Is collateral vessel “collapse” for real?" Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis 32, no. 4 (1994): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccd.1810320422.

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9

Pop, Raoul, Monica Manisor, Valérie Wolff, et al. "Real-Time Estimation of Core Infarct in Angiography Using Collateral Flow." Cerebrovascular Diseases 41, no. 3-4 (2016): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000442953.

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Background and Purpose: In order to attribute a diagnostic value to angiographic runs performed before revascularization, we aimed at developing a regional evaluation of leptomeningeal collateral flow that can be used to detect and predict infarction when performing stroke endovascular procedures. Materials and Methods: We evaluated all consecutive patients treated for occlusions in the anterior circulation in our center between 2009 and 2013, with MRI imaging performed before the endovascular procedure. Two readers performed an evaluation of collateral circulation in 5 cortical regions based

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10

Williamson, Stephen D. "Low Real Interest Rates, Collateral Misrepresentation, and Monetary Policy." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 10, no. 4 (2018): 202–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20150035.

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A model is constructed in which households and banks have incentives to fake the quality of collateral. These incentive problems matter when collateral is scarce in the aggregate—when real interest rates are low. Conventional monetary easing can exacerbate these problems, in that the misrepresentation of collateral becomes more profitable, thus increasing haircuts and interest rate differentials. Central bank purchases of private mortgages may not be feasible, due to the misrepresentation of asset quality. If feasible, central bank asset purchase programs work by circumventing suboptimal fisca

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11

Alimov, Azizjon. "Product market effects of real estate collateral." Journal of Corporate Finance 36 (February 2016): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2015.10.008.

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12

Sukhbaatar, Byamba-Erdene. "Legal philosophy of property rights in Mongolia and real estate collateral." Sociology and Law 17, no. 2 (2025): 296–307. https://doi.org/10.35854/2219-6242-2025-2-296-307.

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According to the author, citizens are aware of the concept of using real estate in economic turnover as collateral, but not always most people think about the level at which the idea of real estate collateral developed in the past and the way it is currently developing. Citizens mostly think about the methods for using real estate as collateral to obtain loans in coins and other currencies, down payments or mortgage loans based on the law. The article examines the concept of real estate, the consequences for the pledger and pledgee when pledging real estate, as well as the rights of a citizen

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Iklil, Mokhamad. "DESIGN OF MONITORING BANKING COLLATERAL DATA USING RFID IN REAL TIME." Elkom: Jurnal Elektronika dan Komputer 17, no. 2 (2024): 399–407. https://doi.org/10.51903/elkom.v17i2.2130.

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The aim of the research is to build a monitoring system prototype that can provide notifications in the system for collateral items that are lost or out of range within the monitoring distance of the RFID reader. so that each officer can know when the item is lost or out of reach based on the time recorded in the monitoring system. This is different from CCTV AI which can only record overall conditions and movements, but does not provide notification of loss or removal of collateral from the range of the RFID reader. Keywords: Collateral Goods, Reader RFID, Tag RFID, Cctv AI, Notification

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14

Ellyana, Ellyana, and Herman Ruslim. "Struktur Modal Perusahaan Property dan Real Estate." Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan 4, no. 1 (2022): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmk.v4i1.17168.

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Tujuan dilakukan nya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari profitabilitas, likuiditas, collateral dan investment opportunity terhadap struktur modal baik secara parisal maupun secara simultan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan yang bergerak di sektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di BEI (Bursa Efek Indonesia) periode 2016-2019 dengan pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi data panel (Panel Least Square) yang diuji dengan menggunakan software Eviews 11 Student Version. Adapun ha

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15

Bogdanova, T. V. "Some legal aspects of the application of certain types of collateral." Russian justice 3 (March 25, 2021): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/0131-6761-2021-3-5-7.

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The relevance of this topic in the legal doctrine is confirmed by the presence of a whole layer of problems arising in law enforcement practice in case of non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment by the debtor of his obligations to the creditor, the completion of which was guaranteed by a collateral. The subject of the research is the normative legal norms governing the collateral legal relationship. The purpose of this study is to analyze the institution of the collateral and to identify problems in the use of real estate collateral, collateral at a pawnshop, collateral of goods in circulation

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Gupta, Arun, Horacio Sapriza, and Vladimir Yankov. "The Collateral Channel and Bank Credit." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2022, no. 024 (2022): 1–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2022.024.

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Our paper studies the role of the collateral channel for bank credit using confidential bank-firm-loan data. We estimate that for a 1 percent increase in collateral values, firms pledging real estate collateral experience a 12 basis point higher growth in bank lending with higher sensitivities for more credit constrained firms. Higher real estate values boost firm capital expenditures and lead to lower unemployment and higher employment growth and business creation. Our estimates imply that as much as 37 percent of employment growth over the period from 2013 to 2019 can be attributed to the re

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17

Chakraborty, Suparna. "REAL ESTATE CYCLES, ASSET REDISTRIBUTION, AND THE DYNAMICS OF A CRISIS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 20, no. 7 (2016): 1873–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100515000322.

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In this paper, I explore the dynamics of real estate market fluctuations and business cycle co-movements in a neoclassical setting. Applying a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model of collateral constraints with asset reallocation to Japan, I find that public policy shocks account well for the business cycle dynamics. In particular, taxes on land holdings of households mimic the impact of a housing preference shock, and if volatile enough, can trigger large asset price fluctuations. However, in the absence of volatility, the impact on prices is intrinsically linked to the persistence of

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Tarasov, Artem, Kseniya Chegosheva, and Helena Lobanova. "PROBLEMS OF PROPERTY VALUATION FOR THE PLEDGE." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 6, no. 1 (2019): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-6-1-221-226.

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In the article there is information about problems of valuation of real estate for purposes of mortgage lending − the methodology of collateral, lack of legislative framework for the assessment of collateral. The basic concepts are given.

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19

Hasanović, Aida, Fuad Šišić, Faruk Dilberović, and Fehim Ovčina. "Collateral Circulation in Human Heart." Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2008): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17305/bjbms.2005.3295.

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The aim of the investigations was to demonstrate different types of collaterals of coronary arteries using the method of coronary angiography and injection-corrosion method. The investigations were carried out on 30 human cadaveric hearts from the Department of Anatomy, and 30 angiograms of patients from the Cardiology Department of Clinics Centre in Sarajevo. Clinical investigations were retrospective and prospective on patients that were treated in hospital, and on patients that just arrived in hospital (based on findings of coronary angiohra-phy). The results show the existence of different

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20

Heiderich Lizardo da Silva, Wanderson, Michele Nascimento Jucá, Anderson Luís Saber Campos, and Eli Hadad Júnior. "Influence of collateral and age on corporate capital structure." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 16, no. 4 (2019): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(4).2019.11.

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Being financed by third-party capital requires the companies to put up collateral or assets in guarantee, consisting of real estate, inventories, and accounts receivable that in turn depend on specific life cycles, among other aspects. The main object of this study is to analyze whether corporate debt is related to age and collateral. To do so, a sample of 194 public and private Brazilian companies was studied between 2010 and 2017. The findings indicate that more mature businesses have lower debt levels. In terms of the collateral variable and interactions between collateral and age, a negati

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Kuang, Pei. "A NOTE ON LEARNING IN A CREDIT ECONOMY." Macroeconomic Dynamics 20, no. 3 (2014): 845–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100514000534.

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This paper introduces imperfect knowledge and learning behavior of economic agents into the Kiyotaki and Moore model and studies the interaction of agents' collateral price beliefs, collateral constraint, and aggregate economic activity over the business cycle. It establishes the E-stability condition and the convergence of the real time learning process. In addition, it shows that learning strengthens the role of collateral constraints in aggregate fluctuations.

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22

Yunita, Afdela, Busyra Azheri, and Syofiarti Syofiarti. "Pawn Execution to PT Pegadaian against Collateral Object Which Does Not Belong to the Pawner." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 6, no. 3 (2019): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v6i3.872.

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The problems raised here include: the first is the procedure for binding collateral to PT Pegadaian (Persero) which object does not belong to the pawner. The second is about how the auction will be carried out at the execution of a pawn to PT Pegadaian (Persero) against a collateral object that does not belong to the pawner. The third is about how the legal protection against the owner of pawn collateral object in the implementation of an auction of pawn execution. This study applies an empirical juridical method with the nature of descriptive analysis. It utilizes primary data and secondary d

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23

Johan, Suwinto. "Who is the Real Consumer in a Credit Purchase Transaction?" Jurnal Jurisprudence 11, no. 1 (2022): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jurisprudence.v11i1.15019.

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Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine who the actual consumers are in financing purchase transactions according to the law and regulations.Methodology:The study employed a normative judicial method. Juridical methods are the research with the library data sources.Results:Consumers are end-users, not consumers who make payments or own the goods. This definition is derived from the Consumer Protection Act. This definition of the consumer must be refined in light of its practical application in society. The differences between the buyer, owner, and user of goods necessitate a compreh

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Giambona, Erasmo, Antonio S. Mello, and Timothy J. Riddiough. "Real Assets, Collateral and the Limits of Debt Capacity." Real Estate Economics 46, no. 4 (2017): 836–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.12207.

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Suryana, Ade. "PENGARUH COST OF BORROWING, PROFITABILITY DAN COLLATERAL VALUE OF ASSETS TERHADAP STRUKTUR MODAL PADA PERUSAHAAN REAL ESTATE DI INDONESIA." Majalah Ilmiah Bijak 13, no. 1 (2018): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/bijak.v13i1.48.

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Genarlli, the main goal of a company is to maximize its shareholders’ wealth. For a public company, it means maximizing return to its outstanding shares. The final decisions made by the management, which comprise of investment decision and financing decision. Real estate industry is a capital-intensive industry that would spend large fund to start the operations. Consequently, most real estate companies would search and rely upon loan from third parties as its main financing source other than its own capital.The objective of this research is to reveal whether there is influence of cost of borr

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Black, Lamont K., John R. Krainer, and Joseph B. Nichols. "Safe Collateral, Arm’s-Length Credit: Evidence from the Commercial Real Estate Market." Review of Financial Studies 33, no. 11 (2020): 5173–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhaa031.

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Abstract Two main creditors exist in commercial real estate: arm’s-length investors and banks. We model commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) as the less informed source of credit. In equilibrium, these investors fund properties with a low probability of distress, and banks fund properties that may require renegotiation. As a natural experiment, we test the model using the collapse of the CMBS market during 2007–2009, when banks funded both collateral types. Our results show that properties likely to have been securitized were less likely to default or be renegotiated. This suggests tha

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Kim, Ju-Hwi, Kyung-Sub Moon, Ji-Ho Jung, et al. "Importance of collateral venous circulation on indocyanine green videoangiography in intracranial meningioma resection: direct evidence for venous compression theory in peritumoral edema formation." Journal of Neurosurgery 132, no. 6 (2020): 1715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2019.3.jns182308.

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OBJECTIVEIndocyanine green videoangiography (ICGVA) has been used in many neurosurgical operations, including vascular and brain tumor fields. In this study, the authors applied ICGVA to intracranial meningioma surgery and evaluated it usefulness with attention to collateral venous flow.METHODSForty-two patients with intracranial meningioma who underwent ICGVA during microsurgical resection were retrospectively analyzed. For ICGVA, the ICG was injected intravenously at the standard dose of 12.5 mg before and/or after tumor resection. Intravascular fluorescence from blood vessels was imaged thr

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Biljanovska, Nina. "OPTIMAL POLICY IN COLLATERAL CONSTRAINED ECONOMIES." Macroeconomic Dynamics 23, no. 2 (2017): 798–836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100517000049.

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This paper examines optimal policy in a macroeconomic model with collateral constraints. Binding collateral constraints yield inefficient competitive equilibrium allocations because they distort the optimal utilization of real resources. I identify the set of policy instruments that can be used by a Ramsey planner to achieve the first-best and the second-best (i.e., constrained planner's) allocations. A system of distortionary taxes on capital and labor income, along with direct lump-sum transfers among borrowers and lenders replicates the first-best outcome. The tax rates correct for the marg

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DiStasi, Matthew R., Joseph L. Unthank, and Steven J. Miller. "Nox2 and p47phox modulate compensatory growth of primary collateral arteries." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 306, no. 10 (2014): H1435—H1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00828.2013.

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The role of NADPH oxidase (Nox) in both the promotion and impairment of compensatory collateral growth remains controversial because the specific Nox and reactive oxygen species involved are unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the primary Nox and reactive oxygen species associated with early stage compensatory collateral growth in young, healthy animals. Ligation of the feed arteries that form primary collateral pathways in rat mesentery and mouse hindlimb was used to assess the role of Nox during collateral growth. Changes in mesenteric collateral artery Nox mRNA expression determi

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Vimpari, Jussi. "Financing Energy Transition with Real Estate Wealth." Energies 13, no. 17 (2020): 4289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174289.

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Transition to a low carbon energy system requires extensive private investment and novel financing instruments. Corporate power purchase agreements (PPAs) have been proven effective in increasing renewables financing. The challenge is to scale this corporate model to smaller energy consumers that form a significant part of the global total energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions. This paper examines collateral strength and global potential of the real estate sector as an offtaker for PPAs. The strength is evaluated by constructing a detailed energy and economic model for 90,000 buildings in

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31

Lee, Cheongyo. "Practical Necessity of Collateral Superficies Right and Real-Estate Auctions." Journal of Civil Judgment Enforcement Law 18 (February 28, 2022): 99–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.29153/jcjel.2022.18.1.003.

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Wu, Jing, Joseph Gyourko, and Yongheng Deng. "Real estate collateral value and investment: The case of China." Journal of Urban Economics 86 (March 2015): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2014.12.006.

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Vishnevskaya, Irina Aleksandrovna. "Expert examination of collateral and leasing items." Lizing (Leasing), no. 1 (May 26, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-03-2107-01.

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Survey inspections as a tribute to the time from insurance market gradually moved towards banking sector, leasing and factoring. Verification of various types of property by independent surveyors, who, among other things, have the opportunity to make a market assessment of the property, is relevant for banks, leasing and factoring companies. The advantages of performing survey by outsourcing teams are obvious: cost reduction, regional coverage and efficiency. The article describes the features of conducting surveyor inspections of real estate objects, movable property, and goods in circulation

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Zaradkiewicz, Kamil. "Fiduciary transfer of real property in consumer transactions." Nieruchomości@ I, no. I (2021): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7525.

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Article 3871 on property transfer as a form of collateral security was added to the Civil Code by virtue of the Act of 14 May 2020 Amending Certain Acts in Respect of Shield Measures in Connection with the Outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus (promulgated in the official journal “Dziennik Ustaw”, item 879). Under this provision, contracts on transfer of property as a collateral security, where the property in question is a real property used for the purpose of satisfying housing needs, which is transferred to secure claims under this or any other contract not directly related to business operation

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Lumbantoruan, Gortap, and Eviyanti Novita Purba. "ANALISIS NILAI MARKET JAMINAN PINJAMAN DENGAN METODE MOORA." METHOMIKA Jurnal Manajemen Informatika dan Komputerisasi Akuntansi 6, no. 6 (2022): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.46880/jmika.vol6no2.pp199-204.

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Credit is the provision of loan money based on an agreement or loan agreement between the creditor and other parties. Credit is made after an agreement is reached between the bank or creditor and the debtor or credit recipient in which there are rights and obligations of each party. Usually banks or financial services are willing to provide loans if the debtor provides his assets as collateral or collateral to ensure the smooth running of his debt. The assessment of the guarantee or collateral must be carried out objectively and apply the precautionary principle. The estimated market value (ma

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Comeig, Irene, Esther B. Del Brio, and Matilde O. Fernandez-Blanco. "Financing successful small business projects." Management Decision 52, no. 2 (2014): 365–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-01-2012-0051.

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Purpose – The current credit rationing strongly influences the viability of SMEs innovation projects. In this context, the practice of screening borrowers by project success probability has become a paramount consideration for both lenders and firms. The aim of this paper is to test the screening role of loan contracts that consider collateral-interest margins simultaneously. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents an empirical analysis that uses a unique data set composed of 323 bank loans granted by 28 banks to SMEs backed by a Spanish Mutual Guarantee Institution. Findings – The r

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Olawumi, Solomon O., Amos A. Adewusi, and Abiodun K. Oyetunji. "Analysis of the factors influencing access to mortgage finance in Lagos, Nigeria." Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues 9, no. 3 (2019): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjbem.v9i3.4430.

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Finance is the bedrock of real estate development. Its availability and accessibility are important for a successful investment. In most cases, investors don’t have substantial finance to execute a project; instead, they resort to an external source through mortgage financing. However, there are difficulties in accessing mortgage finance particularly due to borrower’s default, thereby hindering finance accessibility. This study investigates factors determining mortgage finance accessibility for providing real estate projects in Lagos State, Nigeria. The target populations are the Primary Mortg

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Pop, Raoul, Monica Manisor, Rémy Beaujeux, Christian Marescaux, Valérie Wolff, and Mihaela Simu. "Regional angiographic evaluation of collateral circulation predicts infarction during endovascular procedures for middle cerebral artery stroke." Romanian Journal of Neurology 13, no. 3 (2014): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjn.2014.3.6.

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Background and purpose. We aimed to improve patient selection by developing a regional angiographic evaluation of leptomeningeal collateral flow that can be used to predict infarction during stroke endovascular procedures. Materials and methods. We evaluated all consecutive patients treated for a middle cerebral artery occlusion between 2009 and 2013. Two readers performed a zonal collateral circulation evaluation in 5 cortical regions based on the vascular anatomy. Zonal scores were correlated with the presence of infarction in the same cortical sector on pretreatment and follow-up imaging. R

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Ramcharan, Rodney. "Banks’ Balance Sheets and Liquidation Values: Evidence from Real Estate Collateral." Review of Financial Studies 33, no. 2 (2019): 504–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhz056.

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Abstract This paper finds that declining bank equity or liquidity reduces liquidation values of bank-owned real estate and accelerates the pace of asset sales. Buyers of these assets earn significant returns for providing liquidity to banks, as prices tend to rebound sharply after sales by illiquid banks. Lower liquidation values also depress the prices of nearby real estate transactions. Policy interventions, such as equity injections and central bank asset purchases, increase liquidation values by providing institutions with the balance sheet capacity to slow asset sales. This evidence sugge

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Banerjee, Ryan, and Kristian Blickle. "Financial frictions, real estate collateral and small firm activity in Europe." European Economic Review 138 (September 2021): 103823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2021.103823.

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Bevzenko, R. S. "Real Security as Creditor’s Power to Control and Manage the Collateral." Civil Law Review 18, no. 1 (2018): 10–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24031/1992-2043-2018-18-1-10-22.

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Warchoł, Marcin. "Expropriation of real property as a collateral for an usurious loan." Nieruchomości@ IV, no. IV (2022): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1265.

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Expropriation of real property as a collateral for a loan agreement was in practice used to exploit the debtor's coercive position or to mislead the debtor. Certainly, the real goal of the debtor was not to divest themselves of their assets or their only house or flat, but merely to obtain a loan. However, the enormous costs of the loan, over and above the interest only, deceitfully concealed from the debtor at the time of entering into a loan agreement, made it simply impossible to repay the loan and resulted in the loss of the debtor's house or flat. This huge social problem would not have t

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Calomiris, Charles W., Mauricio Larrain, José Liberti, and Jason Sturgess. "Which Creditors’ Rights Drive Financial Deepening and Economic Development?" Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 28, no. 4 (2016): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jacf.12202.

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Since the 1990s financial economists have documented the essential role of creditors' rights in encouraging lenders to provide credit. This article demonstrates the central importance of creditors' ability to use movable assets such as inventories and accounts receivable (as distinct from immovable assets like real estate) as collateral when lending to business enterpriseses. Using a unique cross‐country, micro‐level loan data set that contains loan‐to‐value ratios for different assets, the authors found that the loan‐to‐values of loans that are collateralized with movable assets were lower in

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SHELUDKO, Sergii. "COLLATERAL OPERATIONS OF BANKS IN TERMS OF EXISTENTIAL CRISES IN UKRAINE." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 310, no. 5(1) (2022): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-310-5(1)-15.

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The paper presents results of the study on essence, types and features of collateral operations of Ukrainian banks in terms of existential crises. It is studied the legal interpretation of the essence of pledge, its own definition has been proposed. It is disclosed features of pledge as an instrument of securing bank loans, which consists in the ability to secure possible future claims, therefore its spread in bank lending is justified by the ability to cover not only the borrowed value, but also accrued interest, including at a variable (floating) rate. It is presented the author’s approach t

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Taylan, O., T. Louwagie, M. Bialy, G. Peersman, and L. Scheys. "DOES A NOVEL INTRAOPERATIVE NAVIGATION PLATFORM ALLOW TO RETAIN NATIVE KNEE FUNCTION FOLLOWING TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY?" Orthopaedic Proceedings 106-B, SUPP_18 (2024): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/1358-992x.2024.18.025.

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IntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel intraoperative navigation platform for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in restoring native knee joint kinematics and strains in the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) during squatting motions.MethodSix cadaver lower limbs underwent computed tomography scans to design patient-specific guides. Using these scans, bony landmarks and virtual single-line collateral ligaments were identified to provide intraoperative real-time feedback, aided in bone resection, implant alignment, tibiofemoral kinem

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Yang, Jing. "Commercial Property Exposure and Corporation Financing Choice." International Journal of Business 27, no. 2 (2022): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55802/ijb.027(2).006.

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This study explores the possible relationship between a corporation’s capital structure and its commercial property exposure as well as property market characteristics. Using data from the heavily levered and rapidly growing U.S. telecommunications industry, we find a positive association between leverage and commercial property exposure via commercial property ownership since the 1996 telecommunications industry deregulation, after controlling for traditional capital structure determinants, and the association is particularly prominent during the 2007-2009 Great Recession. A possible justific

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Divino, Jose Angelo, Jolivê M. de Santana Filho, and Jaime Orrillo. "The Ricardian Equivalence under Collateral Constraints." Estudos Econômicos (São Paulo) 53, no. 4 (2023): 673–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-53575341jjj.

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Abstract This paper investigates the Ricardian Equivalence (RE) under collateralized debt, default, transaction costs and incomplete markets. The public debt is neutral and the RE holds only if the collateral-transfer cost depends linearly on the lump-sum tax and is fully offset. Lenders and borrowers should enter in a voluntary agreement to compensate for any transfer cost under default. However, any perturbation in the assumed affine relation undermines the debt neutrality. It is not the transaction cost per se that invalidates the RE, but rather how this cost affects the households’ indebte

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Permata, Khoirunnisa Diyah, and Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi Nugraheni. "IMPLEMENTASI ASAS IN BEZIT STELLING PADA CASH COLLATERAL SEBAGAI JAMINAN ATAS PERJANJIAN KREDIT (Studi PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (PERSERO) KC Bojonegoro)." Jurnal Privat Law 12, no. 2 (2024): 331. https://doi.org/10.20961/privat.v12i2.50734.

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<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>This Articles aims to analyze the implementation of </em><em>in bezit stelling </em><em>principle on</em><em> cash collateral </em><em>as</em><em> </em><em>collateral</em><em> </em><em>for credit agreements and the execution of cash collateral by analyze first the implementation of credit agreements. This study belongs to empirical law research that is descriptive in nature. The data was ob

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Maulana, Muhammad, and Riska Yulianti. "NON-GOLD FIDUCIARY COLLATERAL VALUE CALCULATION SYSTEM AT PT. PEGADAIAN SYARI'AH UNIT DARUSSALAM BANDA ACEH." JURISTA: Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan 1, no. 1 (2017): 12–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jurista.v1i1.52.

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The amount of financing to be provided by the pawnshop is determined by the value of the collateral submitted by the customer to the management of PT Pegadaian Syari'ah. This study aims to determine how the feasibility assessment of non-gold fiduciary security objects accepted as collateral at PT Pegadaian Syari'ah Darussalam Unit, Banda Aceh? In this research, the author uses a type of qualitative research, this research uses descriptive analysis methods based on library research and field research data. The results of the research found that in calculating the value of non-gold fiduciary col

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Ambrus, Attila, Markus Mobius, and Adam Szeidl. "Consumption Risk-Sharing in Social Networks." American Economic Review 104, no. 1 (2014): 149–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.1.149.

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We develop a model in which connections between individuals serve as social collateral to enforce informal insurance payments. We show that: (i) The degree of insurance is governed by the expansiveness of the network, measured with the per capita number of connections that groups have with the rest of the community. “Two-dimensional” networks—like real-world networks in Peruvian villages—are sufficiently expansive to allow very good risk-sharing. (ii) In second-best arrangements, insurance is local: agents fully share shocks within, but imperfectly between endogenously emerging risk-sharing gr

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