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1

Van Arsdel, John H. "Use Water Audits to Quantify Real Losses." Opflow 47, no. 7 (2021): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/opfl.1575.

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2

Barañano, Aitor, J. Iñaki De La Peña, and Rafael Moreno. "Valuation of real-estate losses via Monte Carlo simulation." Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja 33, no. 1 (2020): 1867–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1331677x.2020.1756372.

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3

Boyd, John H., Sungkyu Kwak, and Bruce Smith. "The Real Output Losses Associated with Modern Banking Crises." Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 37, no. 6 (2005): 977–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mcb.2006.0002.

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4

Thomas, H. R., S. W. Rees, and R. M. Lloyd. "Measured heat losses through a real ground floor slab." Building Research & Information 24, no. 1 (1996): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09613219608727493.

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5

Woldeselassie, Tilahun. "Precise real-time correction of Anger camera deadtime losses." Medical Physics 29, no. 7 (2002): 1599–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.1485996.

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6

Smith, G. Stevenson, and Anthony J. Amoruso. "Using real options to value losses from cyber attacks." Journal of Digital Asset Management 2, no. 3-4 (2006): 150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.dam.3650033.

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7

Aggarwal, R. P., and Yisheng Pan. "Minimization of real power losses using reactive power control." Electric Power Systems Research 17, no. 2 (1989): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7796(89)90048-5.

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8

Koch, Christopher, and Daniel Schunk. "Limiting Liability? — Risk and Ambiguity Attitudes Under Real Losses." Schmalenbach Business Review 65, no. 1 (2013): 54–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03396850.

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9

Klochko, O. O. "Pension system reform in Ukraine: real gains and losses." Politicus, no. 1 (2021): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2414-9616.2021-1.7.

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10

Smusz, Robert, and Michał Korzeniowski. "Experimental investigation of thermal bridges in building at real conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 70 (2018): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187003013.

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In recent time the energy consumption of buildings may be reduced by the application of modern technologies in the construction industry. Modern building materials ensure a reduction of heat losses. However, studies show that thermal bridges may cause up to 30% of the additional heat losses through the building envelope. Therefore, a one key aspect in assessing the real thermal state of buildings is the identification of the heat losses through thermal bridges. The analytical, experimental and numerical methods are used for the assessment of thermal transmittance value of building. In the pape
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Hoko, Zvikomborero, and Jessy Alida Chipwaila. "Investigating unaccounted for water and its components in Zomba City water supply system, Malawi." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 3 (2017): 495–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.003.

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This study assessed Unaccounted for Water (UFW) in Zomba City, Malawi in 2009 and quantified its real and apparent loss components. The study was carried out in the period January–May 2009 and focussed on three selected water supply zones (Airwing, Malonje and Sadzi) especially for determination of the components of non-revenue water (NRW). Field measurements of flow and utility records formed the basis of the study. It was established that the NRW for Zomba for the period 1999–2008 ranged from 20 to 36%. During the study period, the average UFW in the specific study areas was 13% of which 81%
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12

Klages-Mundt, Ariah, and Andreea Minca. "Cascading Losses in Reinsurance Networks." Management Science 66, no. 9 (2020): 4246–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2019.3389.

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We develop a model for contagion in reinsurance networks by which primary insurers’ losses are spread through the network. Our model handles general reinsurance contracts, such as typical excess of loss contracts. We show that simpler models existing in the literature—namely proportional reinsurance—greatly underestimate contagion risk. We characterize the fixed points of our model and develop efficient algorithms to compute contagion with guarantees on convergence and speed under conditions on network structure. We characterize exotic cases of problematic graph structure and nonlinearities, w
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13

Klein, April, and Carol A. Marquardt. "Fundamentals of Accounting Losses." Accounting Review 81, no. 1 (2006): 179–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2006.81.1.179.

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This paper examines accounting and nonaccounting factors behind accounting losses over a 50-year period. Using multivariate time-series analysis, we report evidence that the annual percentage of losses for U.S. firms is significantly related to accounting conservatism, Compustat coverage of small firms, real firm performance as measured by cash flows from operations, and business cycle factors. We further find that nonaccounting factors tend to play the dominant role in explaining accounting losses over our sample period. Our results are robust to alternative definitions of macroeconomic produ
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14

Pinheiro, Marcelo, and Deniz Igan. "Exposure to Real Estate Losses: Evidence from the US Banks." IMF Working Papers 09, no. 79 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451872262.001.

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15

Garcia, Damien, Marianne Fenech, Zhao Qin, Gilles Soulez, and Guy Cloutier. "Signal Losses With Real-Time Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Imaging." Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 33, no. 10 (2007): 1632–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.04.017.

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16

Bender, Keith A., Rebecca M. Neumann, and John Douglas Skåtun. "Real and perceived losses from unemployment: a cross-country study." Applied Economics 45, no. 25 (2013): 3625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2012.727977.

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17

Ramanathan, R. "Real Time Wheeling Losses Computation Techniques for Energy Management Systems." IEEE Power Engineering Review PER-6, no. 8 (1986): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mper.1986.5527814.

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18

Deeb, N. I., and S. M. Shahidehpour. "Decomposition approach for minimising real power losses in power systems." IEE Proceedings C Generation, Transmission and Distribution 138, no. 1 (1991): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-c.1991.0004.

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19

Ramanathan, R. "Real Time Wheeling Losses Computation Techniques for Energy Management Systems." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 1, no. 3 (1986): 314–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.1986.4335000.

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20

Fisher, James, Jim Gilsinan, Muhammed Islam, and Neil Seitz. "Who were the winners and losers in the Financial Crisis of 2008: it depends." Journal of Financial Crime 21, no. 4 (2014): 447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-10-2013-0059.

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Purpose – This paper aims to address the question of who gained and who lost in the financial crisis of 2008. Design/methodology/approach – Gains and losses were identified by groups ranging from bankers to homeowners to taxpayers. Findings – Gains and losses are not neatly split by a main street/Wall street dichotomy. Major financial institutions and their chief executive officers made huge gains followed by bigger losses, a substantial portion of which were shared by taxpayers. Homeowners and taxpayers consistently lost. Workers and real estate developers experienced a mixture of gains and l
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21

Brugnara, Eduardo Cesar, and Mauro Porto Colli. "Camino Real and Camarosa strawberries in reduced plant spacing." Agropecuária Catarinense 32, no. 3 (2019): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22491/rac.2019.v32n3.12.

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The strawberry cultivars Camino Real and Camarosa are widely cultivated in Brazil, but they differ in vigor of plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the hypothesis that they respond differently to reduction in plant spacing and the cultivar Camino Real can be planted in higher plant densities with gains in yield. Experiments were conducted in three harvest seasons testing both cultivars in spacing of 30cm between rows and 20 to 40cm between plants. The berries production, precocity, vegetative growth, soluble solids content and phytosanitary losses were evaluated. The cultivars re
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22

Boykin, Laura, Ammar Ghalab, Bruno Rossitto De Marchi, et al. "Real time portable genome sequencing for global food security." F1000Research 7 (July 18, 2018): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15507.1.

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Crop losses due to viral diseases and pests are major constraints on food security and income for millions of households in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Such losses can be reduced if plant diseases and pests are correctly diagnosed and identified early. Currently, accurate diagnosis for definitive identification of plant viruses and their vectors in SSA mostly relies on standard PCR and next generation sequencing technologies (NGS). However, it can take up to 6 months before results generated using these approaches are available. The long time taken to detect or identify viruses impedes quick, wi
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23

Yan, Wenju, Hao Chen, Tong Xu, and Kai Wang. "An improved simulation model of switched reluctance motor including transient core losses for steady-state operation." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 1 (2019): 477–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-12-2017-0511.

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Purpose An improved simulation model of switched reluctance motor (SRM) for steady-state operation that considers the core losses in the stator and rotor is established to obtain the steady performance of the high-speed SRM during the design, analysis and control of SRM driving system more accurately. Design/methodology/approach The transient core loss model for the material and SRM is presented. Then a new method for calculating the flux density of the motor in real time is introduced, and a steady-state simulation model of the SRM including real-time transient core losses calculation model i
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24

Korytárová, J., and V. Hromádka. "Assessment of the flood damages on the real estate property in the Czech Republic area." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 56, No. 7 (2010): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/56/2010-agricecon.

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The problem of floods can be solved by investment activities in the form of the flood protection measures or by the potential liquidation of damages after the flood. In the frame of the solved grant projects, there was developed the basic methodology for the losses on the immovable property in the territory assessment and consequently the database of input data for its use. The output of the described methodology enables the comparison of the potential losses on immovable property with the investment costs for the flood protection measures. In order to be able to estimate the occurred losses,
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25

Perlo, Victor. "Losses of U.S. Workers in 1992." International Journal of Health Services 24, no. 4 (1994): 793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hwg8-vt2v-wpcg-nagr.

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The 1992 Census Bureau Annual Reports on incomes and poverty reveal startling increases in the numbers of people living in poverty and reductions in median family incomes and per capita incomes. The losses of African-Americans and Hispanics were the most severe. The economic “recovery” of 1992 was limited to profits of the capitalist class: the incomes of the top 5 percent rose from 1991 to 1992; the remaining 95 percent experienced declines in real income.
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26

Liu, Yong, Liang Ding, Shi Long Tang, Min Yi Guo, and Zhan Long Zhang. "Real-Time Online Monitoring of Transformer Losses and the Warning Devices." Advanced Materials Research 562-564 (August 2012): 1809–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.562-564.1809.

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Developing a transformer loss monitoring and warning online equipment, introduces the theory, composition and application of the system. The whole system consists of monitoring terminal and the monitoring center. Monitoring terminal obtains transformer loss by acquiring transformer secondary current signal. When transformer loss is high, the staff takes order to reduce the loss and improves energy efficiency according to the data.
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27

Obradović, Dušan. "Modelling of demand and losses in real-life water distribution systems." Urban Water 2, no. 2 (2000): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1462-0758(00)00051-0.

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28

Osborn, Kaitlynn A., Brandon C. Irwin, Nikolaus J. Skogsberg, and Deborah L. Feltz. "The Köhler effect: Motivation gains and losses in real sports groups." Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology 1, no. 4 (2012): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0026887.

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29

Ananda, Jayanath. "Determinants of real water losses in the Australian drinking water sector." Urban Water Journal 16, no. 8 (2019): 575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1573062x.2019.1700288.

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30

Le, Anh, Arash Saber Tehrani, Alexandros Dimakis, and Athina Markopoulou. "Recovery of Packet Losses in Wireless Broadcast for Real-Time Applications." IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 25, no. 2 (2017): 676–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnet.2016.2604282.

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31

Malange, F. C. V., D. A. Alves, L. C. P. daSilva, C. A. Castro, and G. R. M. daCosta. "Real Power Losses Reduction and Loading Margin Improvement via Continuation Method." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 19, no. 3 (2004): 1690–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrs.2003.821633.

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32

Rostamzadeh, M., K. Valipour, S. J. Shenava, M. Khalilpour, and N. Razmjooy. "Optimal location and capacity of multi-distributed generation for loss reduction and voltage profile improvement using imperialist competitive algorithm." Artificial Intelligence Research 1, no. 2 (2012): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/air.v1n2p56.

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This paper proposes an Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) for optimal multiple distributed generations (DGs) placement and sizing in a distribution system. The objective is to minimize the total real power losses and improve the voltage profile within real and reactive power generation and voltage limits. Three types of DG are considered and the ICA is used to find the better sizes and locations of DGs for maximum real power losses reduction and voltage improvement for given number of DG units in each type. Both integer and continuous variables are considered in ICA, integer variable for
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33

Zanfei, Ariele, Andrea Menapace, Giuseppe Roberto Pisaturo, and Maurizio Righetti. "Calibration of Water Leakages and Valve Setting in a Real Water Supply System." Environmental Sciences Proceedings 2, no. 1 (2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2020002041.

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Water leakages are one of the most significant uncertainties affecting water supply system (WSSs) modelling. Due to the dependence between water losses and pressure, the WSSs characterised by high values of pressure in the distribution network are strongly affected by this problem. High-pressure conditions are typical of WSSs in the mountain areas. In this study, a real WSS of the Alpine region is analysed through simultaneous calibration of water losses and pressure-reducing valves with a genetic algorithm. The demand is represented by a uniformly distributed along the network pipes scheme, d
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34

Kim, Won-jong, Kun Ji, and Ajit Ambike. "Networked Real-Time Control Strategy Dealing With Stochastic Time Delays and Packet Losses." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 128, no. 3 (2005): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2232692.

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A novel model-predictive-control strategy with a timeout scheme and p-step-ahead state estimation is presented in this paper to overcome the adverse influences of stochastic time delays and packet losses encountered in network-based distributed real-time control. An open-loop unstable magnetic-levitation (maglev) test bed was constructed and employed for its experimental verification. The compensation algorithms developed in this paper deal with the network-induced stochastic time delays and packet losses in both the forward path and the feedback path simultaneously. With the p-sampling-period
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35

Samuelson, Paul A. "Where Ricardo and Mill Rebut and Confirm Arguments of Mainstream Economists Supporting Globalization." Journal of Economic Perspectives 18, no. 3 (2004): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0895330042162403.

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Autarky real per capita well being, does not deny that new technical Chinese progress in goods that America previously had competitive advantage in can, ceteris paribus, lower permanently measurable per capita U.S. real income. Nor does it deny that technical progress in China's export goods can, ceteris paribus, hurt permanently her own net measurable per capita real income itself when demand inelasticity prevails. Ergo, the winds of dynamic comparative advantage cannot be counted on to create in each region new net gains of the gainers assuredly greater than the new net losses of the losers.
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36

Tran, Quynh T. T., Eleonora Riva Sanseverino, Gaetano Zizzo, Maria Luisa Di Silvestre, Tung Lam Nguyen, and Quoc-Tuan Tran. "Real-Time Minimization Power Losses by Driven Primary Regulation in Islanded Microgrids." Energies 13, no. 2 (2020): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020451.

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Islanded microgrids are small networks that work independently from the main grid. The frequency and voltage in islanded microgrids are affected directly by the output power of distributed generators and power demand variations. In this work, a real-time driven primary regulation, which relies on optimized P-f droop coefficients, is proposed. In all operating conditions, it minimizes the power losses for islanded microgrids. The proposed configuration will allow the optimization modules to interact with each other and adjust parameters producing a suitable power sharing among generators. The m
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37

Medojević, Jovo, and Mila Pavlović. "Real demographic losses of Montenegro caused by wars in the 20th century." Zbornik radova - Geografski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, no. 65-1a (2017): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrgfub1765133m.

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38

Lambert, A. O., T. G. Brown, M. Takizawa, and D. Weimer. "A review of performance indicators for real losses from water supply systems." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology—AQUA 48, no. 6 (1999): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.1999.0025.

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39

McKenzie, R., and C. Seago. "Assessment of real losses in potable water distribution systems: some recent developments." Water Supply 5, no. 1 (2005): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2005.0005.

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Considerable progress has been made over the past 10 years in the assessment and benchmarking of real losses in potable water distribution systems. Most of the advances have been based on the burst and background estimate (BABE) methodology, which was first developed in the mid-1990s by the UK water industry and has since been widely accepted and used in many parts of the world. Since the original BABE methodology was developed, several other key concepts have been added to the evergrowing list of water demand management tools. In particular, the infrastructure leakage index (ILI) and unavoida
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40

Grau Torrent, Sergi, and Ramon Pérez. "Modelling daily water consumption through potential curves. Disaggregating apparent and real losses." Urban Water Journal 17, no. 4 (2020): 292–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1573062x.2020.1764594.

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41

Shevyakov, V. V. "Analysis of heat losses in stoves. The real efficiency of the furnace." Vestnik MGSU, no. 11 (November 2018): 1296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2018.11.1296-1304.

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42

Al-Omari, Abbas. "A Methodology for the Breakdown of NRW into Real and Administrative Losses." Water Resources Management 27, no. 7 (2013): 1913–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0262-y.

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43

Dooply, Mohammed, Michael Schupbach, Kenneth Hampshire, Jose Contreras, and Nicolas Flamant. "Understanding Real-Time Job Signatures on Deepwater Cementing Jobs with Dynamic Losses." SPE Drilling & Completion 36, no. 03 (2021): 707–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/201468-pa.

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Summary Two of the most important parameters to monitor during a primary cementing job are the flow rate in and return flow rate measurements. To achieve optimum job results of a primary cementing job, measuring annular return rates and comparing them with simulated data in real time will provide a better understanding of job signatures and result in the best possible top of cement (TOC) estimation prior to running any cement evaluation log or making a decision to continue drilling the next section of the well. The return rate job signature along with the wellhead pressure is essential to unde
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44

Ungureanu, Ana Lacramioara, Gheorghe Stan, and Paul Alin Butunoi. "Overall Effectiveness Improvement for CNC Machine Tools." Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (November 2015): 1498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.1498.

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Overall effectiveness (OE) for CNC machine tools is a metric sistem for assessing the production obtained performance. To optimize OE is necessary to determine the performance indicators [1,2], identifying and correcting the non-values ​​[3,4,5]. In this paper we propose new methods for CNC machine tools OE improvement, through IFA (Information Focus Action) analysis of production losses, during milling machine Wissner Wi3020 type. Comparison of real OE diagram with the theoretical one, provides information about the real losses associated with sub-processes. Also, root-cause analysis of perfo
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45

Novitskiy, Alexander, Steffen Schlegel, and Dirk Westermann. "Estimation of Power Losses Caused by Supraharmonics." E3S Web of Conferences 209 (2020): 07008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020907008.

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Nowadays increases the number of power electronic devices in distribution electrical networks rapidly. Modern generation and consumption units use high switching frequency power converters for the network connection and therefore cause the voltage and current distortion in the frequency range over 2 kHz (so-called “supraharmonics”) in addition to conventional harmonics. Supraharmonics cause additional power losses in electrical equipment. The goal of the offered paper is the estimation of power losses caused by supraharmonics. The estimation is based on the measurement results obtained in a re
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46

Badcock, B. A. "Homeownership and the Accumulation of Real Wealth." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 7, no. 1 (1989): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d070069.

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The contention surrounding the significance of homeownership for social theory is reviewed, after which it is suggested that the conceptualisation of wealth accumulation for homeownership has yet to comprehend fully the ‘generative mechanisms' underlying capital gains or losses. There is a need to advance beyond the rather limited analysis developed by Thorns in 1981, to a consideration of the connections between urban restructuring, the transfer of value, and capital growth within the urban housing market. Trends in Adelaide's separate-housing market, 1968–75, are outlined to provide a contex
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47

Garg, Mukesh, and Dean Hanlon. "The value relevance of fair value accounting: Evidence from the real estate industry." Corporate Ownership and Control 9, no. 4-4 (2012): 408–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i4c4art4.

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This study examines whether investors use the fair value of real estate investments in the balance sheet, and unrealized fair value gains and losses in the income statement, in their price setting process. Drawing on sample firms from the real estate development industry in New Zealand, the results of the current study suggest that: (1) unrealized fair value gains and losses on real estate investments have incremental value relevance compared to historical cost earnings, controlling for the method of recognition of the fair value gain or loss; and (2) current fair value of real estate investme
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48

Janoušek, Zbyněk. "Agricultural land losses aper 1990 in the Liberec Region." Geografie 123, no. 2 (2018): 253–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2018123020253.

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The use of Czechia’s landscape was repeatedly changed, especially by political factors. After 1989, there were large-scale processes of property return, privatization and transformation of the economy and society. In 2003, before entry into EU, approximately 300,000 hectares of agricultural land were not used economically. This was evidently an impact of a tremendous fragmentation of the holdings in the early 1990s as well as large differences between the structure of owners of land and its real users (tenants). A mere 62% of arable land (and 78% of agricultural land in all), registered in the
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49

Morella, Paula, María Pilar Lambán, Jesús Royo, Juan Carlos Sánchez, and Jaime Latapia. "Development of a New KPI for the Economic Quantification of Six Big Losses and Its Implementation in a Cyber Physical System." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (2020): 9154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10249154.

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The purpose of this work is to develop a new Key Performance Indicator (KPI) that can quantify the cost of Six Big Losses developed by Nakajima and implements it in a Cyber Physical System (CPS), achieving a real-time monitorization of the KPI. This paper follows the methodology explained below. A cost model has been used to accurately develop this indicator together with the Six Big Losses description. At the same time, the machine tool has been integrated into a CPS, enhancing the real-time data acquisition, using the Industry 4.0 technologies. Once the KPI has been defined, we have develope
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50

Dennis, Samuel J. "Real-time on-farm N loss measurement." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 82 (September 28, 2020): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2020.82.427.

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Empirical measurements of nutrient-leaching losses on farms are required in order to allow validation of models used to assess nutrient losses from New Zealand farmland. However such on-farm measurements have, to date, been generally impractical.
 A new in-field leaching loss measurement system has been developed, based on well-established research methodologies. This system combines large strip lysimeters (10–20 m long) with largely automated, real-time leachate monitoring, which allows measurements to be taken over much larger areas for greatly reduced costs compared with other systems
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