Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Réalisme magique (Littérature) – Histoire et critique'
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Landry, Pierre-Luc. "Les corps extraterrestres (roman) : suivi de Le jeu réaliste magique de la fiction : le réalisme magique narratif comme posture de lecture paradoxale (étude) et de Une thèse "100 modèles" : méthode et recherche-création (petit essai)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30480/30480.pdf.
Full textDeschênes, Janie. "La poésie du quotidien comme réalisme magique en bande dessinée : suivi de Nora et Mathieu." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26871.
Full textLabourey, Marion. "Les écritures de l’histoire dans le récit magico-réaliste des Amériques." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL138.
Full textThe magical realistic narrative is deeply linked with the writing of history. Between the 1940’s and the 1980’s, throughout the entire America, has been developed and has evolved the magic realism which let the authors of such narratives to transcribe anthropological datas, coming from dominated populations of America (Natives, slaves or former slaves) in novels in which realism and magic can mix without tension. Then, by describing the past periods of the American continent, the authors of magic realism narratives have built a kind of fiction able to imitate, but not replace, the historical investigation : they can, with the help of the specific resources of fiction, give a voice to those who where kept in the dark for so long. We will study how the authors of magic realism narratives write history, et transcribe the representations of people who were not considered before. Such a literary phenomenon is fundamental in the building of an American literary filed. Our trilingual corpus gathers these nine authors : Miguel Ángel Asturias, Alejo Carpentier, Juan Rulfo, Toni Morrison, Wilson Harris, Toni Cade Bambara, Jean-Louis Baghio’o, Jacques Stephen Alexis et Maryse Condé
Yanez, Thiré Claudine. "Le réalisme magique dans la création romanesque." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100019.
Full textScheel, Charles. "Le réalisme magique de Marcel Aymé et le réalisme merveilleux de Jean Giono : deux modes narratifs distincts." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA03A006.
Full textIn this study i take up and develop in french the core of the dissertation i wrote and defended in english at the university of texas at austin in 1991: magical versus marvelous realism as narrative modes in french fiction. Several narratives by marcel ayme are analyzed in the light of "magical realism" (as redefined by amaryll chanady in magical realism and the fantastic - resolved versus unresolved antinomy, new york & london, garland publ. ;1985). Several works of jean giono's alleged "first manner" are approached from the angle of my own definition of "marvelous realism" as a narrative mode. While magical realism is caracterized mainly by the resolved antinomy between the natural and the supernatural codes, and by authorial reticence, marvelous realism is defined by the fusion of the antinomious codes in authorial exaltation
Diop, El Hadji Abdoulaye. "Aspects du réalisme chez Gabriel García Márquez et chez Sony Labou Tansi : réalisme merveilleux et réalisme surnaturel." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040094.
Full textIn this thesis devoted to the study of "Aspects of realism by Gabriel Garcia Márquez and Sony Labou Tansi: marvelous realism and supernatural realism", we note several coincidences, but also many differences, notably at the level of thematic development and writings styles. The two writers who both wanted to bear witness on different facets of the reality of their respective continents are preoccupied on the one hand with the economic, political, and social situation, and on the other hand are engaged in restoring the imaginary in their cultures origins where life and dream are interrelated. Buy consequence, as one would remark, that which forms the interest of our study, is that it associated to preoccupations: to describe, the social and imaginary realism of two writers, plus to interpret the critical intention of the texts that exist in their writings. Thus, in the tales of Garcia Márquez, the theatrical pieces by Sony Labou Tansi, and in their novels, there is testament that is not always neutral. In effect, in presenting society, the writers have not missed the opportunity to underline all that which could restrict the freedom of man, or injure his dignity. Political and social violence rest unacceptable in their eyes and as well the harm that accompanies them such as arbitrary arrests, imprisonment, torture
Habib, Elsa. "Le dialogue des cultures dans la Caraïbe de Gabriel García Márquez. Eléments indiens, européens, africains et arabes." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA038.
Full textIn his work, Gabriel García Márquez recalls a particular geographical and cultural space, the Caribbean, through which he apprehends the world. By way of a new language developed through means of aesthetic expressions that he deems inherent to his reality, García Márquez puts his writing at the service of the recognition of the geographical and cultural specificity of the Caribbean and the Latin American continent in general. Their singularity is the product of their complex historical process: the history must be read again and rewritten. García Márquez’s challenge in creation is to transcribe his reality, to poeticize it. Transformed into a mythical place, the Caribbean is first and foremost a sentimental space: the constant intrusion of autobiographical exploration transforms the literary and journalistic work of García Márquez into a realm of memory, reflection, and imagination that are driven by nostalgia. From one story to another, the cultural identity of the Caribbean is built and builds with it that of the writer. The constant affirmation of that particular cultural reality is the primary factor that guides and imposes the creative challenge. The universal scope of his work lies within his creative process: if the identity discourse always brings back to the particular, the aesthetic creation projects the work into a universal sphere. The cultural diversity of the Caribbean is mirrored through images indicative of the manner in which García Márquez considers and enhances that plural presence. As a starting point for any comparative thinking, the study of the foreign dimension reveals mythological and symbolical dimensions that are common to other cultures
Boadas, Aura Marina. "Le réalisme merveilleux dans l'oeuvre romanesque de Jacques Stephen Alexis." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30062.
Full textThe aim is to find what may have at the origin and what later gave a very definite orientation to the works of the haitian writer jacques stephen alexis. The first part studies various literary tendencies that had a common goal: the integration of the "marvellous" in reality. Studies on "surrealisme", "real maravilloso" and "realisme magique" preceding that of "realisme merveilleux", a tendancy which does not appear unexpectedly, but as a result of various factors which affect the haitian literary as well as political words. Once we have established the foundations of the "realisme merveilleux, we will then approach the second part where we directly study the work of alexis to try to discover the way in which the marvellous and the real interpenetrate each other. Progressively differents levels of the work are observed; first of all the linguistics choices: the lexicographicals and syntacticals. Then, we observe how this foundation is used for the creation of a precise universe of images. We attach ourselves longer to the insertion of the alexisian imaginary in a significative time and space, before showing the preexisting structures of the haitian collective memory from which alexis harvests abundantly to desing his works. This analysis allows us in the third part to discover the perception of the world which appears in the works. Strongly optimistic, alexis seas for his compatriots a future of hope where the struggle of classes, brought to its end will give way to total freedom of man, who will them be sole master of his desting
Brethes, Romain. "De l'idéalisme au réalisme: pour une étude du comique dans les romans de Chariton, Xénophon d'Ephèse, Achille Tatius et Héliodore." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040047.
Full textThe Greek novel from the imperial era, represented mainly by Chariton, Xenophon of Ephesus, Achilles Tatius, and Heliodorus, is characterized by strong conventions which lead to an unchanged pattern : young lovers go through various ordeals (pirates, false-deaths, rival lovers) before arriving at their happy ending. They have been considered as "idealistic" novels, distinguishing thereby from Latin novels known as Petronius' Satiricon and Apuleius' Metamorphoses, which are more focused on realistic and satirical comic techniques, like obscenity mixed up with grotesque. Nevertheless, we can also find some comic aspects in the Greek novels which, though differing from those of Latin novels, involve skills in a range of styles, from spiritual games to rude realism, as much as real literary ambition. Our study of comic techniques in Greek novels aims to reveal idiosyncratic aspirations and personalities, that correspond with the richness and complexities of the Greek literature from the imperial era
Faïsse, Evelyne. "La nouvelle d'expression occitane depuis 1970, entre réalisme et fantastique." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30090.
Full textThe revival of contemporay Occitan literature had its beginning in the 1970s, when the publication of collections of short stories in paperback versions gave it a new momentum. The first part of the thesis seeks to delineate a multi-faceted genre and to outline its recurring themes as well as formal characteristics. This analysis reveals how the particular situation of the Occitan language contributes to creating a paradoxical relationship between realism and the fantastic. The choice of the Occitan language as a literary medium also raises the question of cultural identity which permeates these stories. The use of a minority language to write ambitious and innovative texts might seem paradoxical, but it is a deliberate choice by these authors who view Occitan as a language conveying values such as tolerance or modernity. The second part is devoted to the detailed presentation of the short stories on which the thesis is based. The brief overview of each of these stories, some of them lesser known, reveals the richness and diversity of the themes addressed. An indicative bibliography is also provided for each author. The corpus includes the works of more than sixty writers and constitutes a comprehensive survey of the dialects in use in the Occitan-speaking region
Robin, Françoise. "La littérature de fiction d'expression tibétaine au Tibet (R. P. C. ) depuis 1950 : sources textuelles anciennes, courants principaux et fonctions dans la société contemporaine tibétaine." Paris, INALCO, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAL0012.
Full textContemporary Tibetan-medium fiction literature appeared on the Tibetan cultural scene (in the PCR) in the early 1980s. To date, about twenty novels and more than three thousand short stories have been published. This PhD dissertation begins with a panorama of the main traditional (i. E. , pre-1950) 'fiction' texts which paved the way to modern fiction writing. The second chapter is dedicated to a survey of the world of books, newspaper and translations in pre-1950 Tibet. The third chapter begins with a review of the intellectual and, more specifically, publishing and media circles in Tibet since 1950, followed by an introduction to the main fictional currents today : tale, realism, magical realism, historical fiction and heroic fantasy. Last, the fourth part scrutinises the functions of this fiction in today's Tibetan society : it shows that writers play an ambiguous role since they are often considered, and consider themselves, as messengers of modernity, reform and rejection of traditions, while at the same time conveying a message of resistance to Chinese domination and valorising through their works crucial elements of Tibetan identity. Their writings develop a certain idea of territorial consciousness, of language and ethnic awareness, of their perception of history and of religion. We hope to show that writers and fiction literature today take part to the construction of a Tibetan identity awareness today
Moss, Laura F. E. "An infinity of alternate realities, reconfiguring realism in postcolonial theory and fiction." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/NQ31944.pdf.
Full textParisot, Yolaine. "Le sujet littéraire hai͏̈tien : l'importance du regard." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040029.
Full textDuring his stay in Haiti, the land of Voodoo and a painters' retreat, Alejo Carpentier was inspired by a feeling of marvellous reality. J. S. Alexis' style of baroque alchemy gave rise to the so-called marvellous realism. But within the context of a didactic social realism, this type of perception is obscured by a dazzling symbolic transfiguration. Only the function of seeing matters, as it has the power to create a national literary space and to devote the encounter with the other to a shared vision. If the haitian sensibility can be defined as the cross between the supernatural and humour, the haitian writer nevertheless must face the difficulty of describing a land in which the fairy-like enchantement cannot match the political and economic tragedy of everyday life. The diversity of the Haitian novel originates in the permanent questioning of mimesis, and the exploration of visual processes gives evidence of a specular writing that is as much about the subject's visibility as about the inscribing of the island in a poetics of hybridity
Bennis, Abdelaziz. "Andre malraux : histoire d'un parcours entre deux tentations croisees : le realisme journalistique et le monde imaginaire du mythomane." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030098.
Full textBengochéa, Anne. "Le réalisme dickensien dans quatre traductions en français de David Copperfield." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030005.
Full textGiven the notion of mimesis, a principle that gave birth to the arts and is at the foundation of the practice of translation, this study proposes to analyze the translation of some significant traits of Dickensian realism in the work David Copperfield which constitutes a synthesis of a variety of aesthetics. Dickens' eighth novel is a transitional work which initiates the second period of the novelist's career. It is oriented towards a style more in line with realistic aesthetics, defined by the French artistic movement of the time. However, a distinctive originality is always revealed with force, contained in a generic hybrid welcoming figures of ambivalent realistic quality through their configuration and their poeticism. The translation of this novel presents two issues, one being the sense of historical references which constitute the background of the narrative; the other being translating an unusual free-wheeling style that is in conflict with the writing and aesthetic unity of French literary realism. Moreover, the contrastive analysis based on four unabridged translations of the work tends to provide some answers to the question of whether retranslation benefits or suffers from changes in the cultural polysystem of the host country
Czerny, Boris. "Un écrivain juif dans la littérature russe : les premières oeuvres de [Semen] Juškevič (1895-1901)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040301.
Full textBerthelot, Sandrine. "L'esthétique de la dérision dans les romans de la période réaliste en France (1850-1870) : genèse, épanouissement et sens du grotesque." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040141.
Full textHow can we explain the fact that French realistic novels are characterized by their derision ? Shall we state that the mimesis cannot be dissociated from the satire and parody of reality ? As a matter of fact, from reality to writing, we raise the problem of the grotesque that Victor Hugo theorized about in 1827 in the preface to Cromwell that lays the theoretical foundation stone of our research. The grotesque we will endeavour to define in the first part of this thesis refers to a new form of aesthetics that is radically opposed to the classical codes. Our curiosity as been aroused by Gustave Flaubert's novels, that bear the stamp of irony, as well as the systematic reference to the grotesque that the letter writer employs to evoke bourgeois vanity - i. E. Macaire's or Prudhomme's - or human stupidity. The grotesque also refers to farce, a feature of this era, that fascinated Edmond and Jules de Goncourt, though they loathed it. Indeed we have found it interesting to explore this aspect of the grotesque that takes on satirical overtones and sometimes metaphysical ones in novels that claim to be realistic ones. We will then focus on the first novelistic realists, that is some minor writers from the French literary movement Bohemia (e. G. , Henry Murger, Jules Husson a. K. A. Champfleury, and Louis-Edmond Duranty) who dealt with reality derisively. We will eventually discuss the flamboyant grotesque in the mid-nineteenth century novels (1850-1870) by Victor Hugo, Gustave Flaubert, and the Goncourt brothers
Drici, Nadia. "Poétique du double et écritures hybrides dans les littératures postcoloniales : à partir des romans de René Depestre, Rachid Boudjedra et Ben Okri." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10198.
Full textThe postcolonial authors who use the supernatural have sometimes been qualified as the heirs of Nineteenth Century fantastic literature, and are often categorized under the homogenizing label of “magical realism”. The relevance of the parallels between the works of René Depestre, Rachid Boudjedra and Ben Okri is apparent when interrogating these filiations through their textualisation of the figure of the Double. This writing confronts the figure's appearance and evolution with a novel posture, and has developed a varied approach different from that of Western fantastic literature. They set themselves apart by their usage of hybrid characters, whose attitude when facing the Double is conditioned by their hybridity; an inescapable consequence of history. The authors explore original ethnoscapes and have developed a thoroughly modern writing built on a generic hybridity, contributing to the revitalization of the Western novel. These hybrid poetics have generated an original genre in which the double, far from it’s basic characterization, represents a key when approaching the multi-facetted imaginations of these works, laying new groundwork for literary interpretation
Diouf-Keïta, Anta. "Création romanesque et mutations sociales au Sénégal : 1973-1983." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120030.
Full textThe senegalese novel, written in the french language, came into being during the colonial era and, to a great extent, is conditioned by this context. The writings of the first generation of novels (1920-1930) which were largely influenced by the assimilationist ideas, have proven to closely adhere to that movement. "force bonte" by bakary diallo can be considered as its prototype. During the second world war, the anti-colonialist movements in certain countries of africa and asia, the negro renaissance proclaimed in the cultural movements, contributed to the birth of a second generation of writers towards the 1950's. This generation was able to assert itself by breaking away from the colonial mystification and by a militant style of writing the leader of this movement is ousmane sembene. The evolution of the historical context in 1960 was to instill a new dynamism in creative writing. Along with a thematic still based on "negritude", a new thematic developed, oriented to political and social criticism, since the promesses of independance soon vanished like a mirage. This change in perspective is accompanied by a "mutation of realism". While ousmane sembene pursues the tradition of "social rea
Tsinoudi, Isidora. "Amour et humanisme dans l'oeuvre de Helli Alexiou." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210124.
Full textDoctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Cucchi, Silvia. "Le désir et l'impossible. Les formes du dualisme dans l'œuvre romanesque de Walter Siti." Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030044.
Full textThis research presents a monographic study of Walter Siti's literary production. I aim to verify two hypotheses. First, that a radical dualism between two opposite polarities (the Reality and the Absolute) marks Siti's work. And second, that the author tries, in vain, to reconcile such opposition. The dissertation is composed of three parts. The first part investigates the theoretical sources that inform Siti’s conflict. These sources range between Gnosticism, the Hegelian dialectic model, and the intersection between Marxism, psychoanalysis, and stylistics. I also analyze the centrality of Siti's short poetic experience in his approach to the novel. The second part examines the thematic manifestations of Siti’s dualism. On the one hand, I identify the "images of desire" as the characters of the bodybuilder, the principal incarnation of the Absolute, and the mother, a true vehicle of desire. On the other hand, I distinguish the "images of reality" in the various characters representing the Law and the Authority. In the third part, I focus on the structural and stylistic translation of Siti’s conflict. The narrative fragmentation and a particular use of parenthesis are the author’s two preferred ways to contrast linearity as a whole and bring closer diverging styles and registers. My study finally examines the evolution – in Siti’s writing – of the novel as a genre, which integrates other forms of expressions (poetry, essay) into its fabric, as well as with a re-assessment of the relationship between dualism and realism
Planchard, de Cussac Etienne de. "L'Oeuvre romanesque de George Washington Cable (1844-1925) : essai d'interprétation et d'évaluation." Lyon 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO20034.
Full textLouisiana-born novelist George Washington Cable (1844-1925) is still listed today in literary histories as a local colorist who wrote about the creoles of Louisiana. The purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to demonstrate that the novelist, a southerner who adopted the democratic values of the union and thus became a heretic in his section, is essentially a political writer, and that the unity, strength and originality of his work derive from his political purpose. This interpretation leaves aside all the fiction he published John March, Southerner, which is his last foray against the south. Because Cable depended on writing to earn his living, his work was deeply influenced by the socio-economic conditions of his time, and especially by the demands of the national monthly reviews and their readers. He gained nation-wide fame through local color fiction, but was able to enlarge the narrow scope of that genre by combining it with the american romance and to infuse the picturesque creole life with the truth of the human heart to confer a universal import to his best novel, The Grandissimes. Then Cable abandoned the "romance" for realism which, to him, seemed a better approach to a picture of society intended to persuade the south to adopt a more democratic attitude. Indeed, by confronting that section with a true image of herself, he hoped to defeat her propensity for creating a mythical image of her experience all the more easily as this image usually went unchallenged by southern public opinion. John March, Southerner, is a good example of this strategy. Eventually Cable bowed to the hostility of his editors and the indifference of his readers, and abandoned his criticism of the south in favor of less scathing fiction. Thus, what he wrote after John March, Southerner, is of little interest. Yet, Cable blazed the trail for the 20th century southern novelists. His main qualities as a writer lie in his exceptional ability to unravel the skein of social intricacies and his unfailing command of the english language, but his work is often marred by sentimentality. Three of his books deserve to be remembered : Old creole days, The Grandissimes and John March, Southerner
Gherghisan, Dragomir Lucia. "Une institution littéraire entre exigences artistiques et commande politique : l'Union des Ecrivains de Roumanie à l'époque communiste." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0019.
Full textFounded in 1949 following the soviet model, the romanian Writers Unions has, during the communism, a very irregular trajectory due as well to political as to literary factors. In order to guarantee its survival, the institution has to play the role of an intermediary between the artistic exigencies of its members and the political commands. This role is not easy, particulary because of the fact that the institution's evolution is influenced by the internal divisions due not only to political constraint but also to the specificity of the literary struggles. Created by the communist party and conceived as a "center for struggle" against everything that opposes its ideology, the Writers Union became, during the communist period, a "center of struggles" of its own members for the key positions in the literary field
Ponchon, Pierre. "La rationalité tragique. Essai sur la constitution d'une forme de pensée d'Héraclite à Thucydide et sur sa critique platonicienne." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CLF20010.
Full textTragic and tragedy has often been regarded, as a result of Plato's condemnation, as being the expression of emotion and irrationality. The concept of tragic rationality aims to approach tragic as a fully rational form of thought, although belonging to another type of reason than the philosophical one. It includes various «literary», ethical, political, theological or even ontological conceptions belonging to the same frame of thought that many thinkers relate to, less encompassing than mentality and less inflexible than doctrine.The inquiry makes its way through Plato's criticism of tragic and tragedy in order to determine this form of thought's essential characteristics, drawing from Plato's opposition. Three characteristic principles emerge : the War, the Flow, the Multiple.From then on, a new presocratic map can be drawn. Not only do we identify a new tradition, that of tragic thought, of which Heraclitus is a major representative and which is featured in Empedocles and Protagoras' works, but we discover that this tradition spreads beyond the group of thinkers classified as philosophers. Besides tragic poets, we can also include a writer like Thucydides. A detailled study of tragic rationality in his work enables us both to identify as tragic products the great achievements that are his original literary form, his conception of human nature and his political realism, and to verify the relevance of the concepts defining tragic as a form of rationality, using an example independant from Plato
Gacoin-Marks, Florence. "Le roman réaliste slovène de l'entre-deux-guerres dans le contexte européen." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040116.
Full textThe first part of the dissertation is concerned with novels following the 19th century realist tradition without any other influence. The first chapter presents two novels, which show a marked influence of Balzac's realism, although the impact of Duma's work is also quite strong. The second chapter is centred upon a naturalistic novel. The third chapter examines the "community novel" which developed under Zola's and Reymont's influence during the 1930's. The second part deals with novels, which move away from he European realist tradition and show other influences. In the first chapter the author discusses the decomposition of naturalist writing. The second chapter analyses the novels which were written under the influence of Knut Hamsun and other ruralist writers. The third chapter deals with the socialist turn which developed especially under the influence of Soviet literature: a generational novel, a proletarian novel, and an attempt at pure socilaist realism
Martinez, Thomas Monique. "L'influence de l'esperpento chez quatre auteurs de la génération réaliste : José Maria Rodriguez Mendez, Lauro Olmo, Carlos Muñiz, José Martin Recuerda." Toulouse 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU20036.
Full textTHE MYTH OF ESPERPENTO, WHICH APPEARS IN THE 1960'S, CAN BE ACCOUNTED FOR BY IDEOLOGIC AND AESTHETIC REASONS. RECUPERATED BY AN OPPOSITION INTELLIGENTSIA, VALLE-INCLAN BECOMES A LIVING PROOF THAN SPAIN, AT THE BEGINGIN OF THE CENTURY, POSSESSES A PLAYWRIGTH WHO CAN COMPETE with A CHANGING EUROPEAN THEATRE. CONSIDERING THE ESPERPENTO AS A GENRE, WHICH CAN'T BE LEGITIMATED NEITHER THEORETICALLY NOR PRACTICALLY, PROVES THE EXCESSIVE VALORATION OF THE NOTION. IN ORDER TO ASSES THE REAL INFLUENCE OF THE DRAMATIC WRITING OF VALLE-INCLAN, THE CONSTITUTION OF A FORMAL GRID OF INTERPRETATION IS NECESSARY. IN FACT, SOME WRITTERS WHO BELONG TO THE REALISTICT GENERATION EXPLICTMENT OR IMPLICITMENT CLAIM A FILIATION WITH VALLE-INCLAN AND THE CRITICS ASSIMILATE MOST OF THEIR WORKS WITH ESPERPENTO. STUDYING OF FOUR OF THEIR WORKS, CLEARLY SHOWS THAT THE ASSIMILATION PROCEEDS FROM SUPERFICIAL CONFUSIONS BETWEEN ESPPERPENTO AND VARIOUS TENDANCIES. DISTANT FROM THE VALLE-INCLAN'S CONCEPTION OF THE CREATION, THESE PLAYWRITERS DERIVE A PROFIT FROM THE "ESPERPENTIC" LESSON OF INNOVATION. AFTER THE ESPERPENTO, THE SPANISH DRAMA CAN BE A FREE THEATRE
Maruéjouls-Koch, Sophie. "Le "Théâtre plastique" de Tennessee Williams : du "langage de la vision" à "l'écriture organique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0331/document.
Full textWhen Tennessee Williams coined the phrase “plastic theater” in 1944, he described it as a language of “sounds, colors and movements,” a language freed from the limitations of words. His aim was to breathe new life into what he called “the exhausted theater of realistic conventions.” His ability to put the totality of theatrical experience into words manifests itself in the scripts of his plays. Williams is a creator of pictures, a playwright in the true sense of the word who found in painting and cinema the images he needed to elaborate his new language for the stage and move away from a “photographic likeness” he rejected because it was associated with realism. Gauguin, Van Gogh, De Chirico, Hofmann or Pollock are but a few of the many painters mentioned in his plays or essays who provided him with the means to enrich his vocabulary for the stage and lead his “plastic theater” toward “something more abstract.” But cinema also influenced him, giving him the opportunity to explore new possibilities and create a space between words and images where the elusive truth could be revealed. Images thus helped liberate Williams from the literary traditions as well as from the cultural codes that had defined and confined his writing from the very beginning. The writer who felt “wrapped up in literary style like the bandages of a mummy” found in images the subversive power he needed to express his true self and breathe life into words that he had always wanted to be “more than words.” From “the language of vision” to “organic writing,” Williams’s “plastic theater” evinces a desire for images
Biedma, Sabine. "Une production polygraphique, creuset d’expérimentation critique ? : l'"Œuvre" de Guillaume Colletet (1616-1658)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU20089.
Full textWith this study, I’ve tried to show how a polygraphic production from the early seventeenth century (the work of Guillaume Colletet, 1616-1658), shaped by non literary motives (such as social and economic factors, and the crumbling of a humanist knowledge benefitting the rising of society life), can transcend the fragmentation imposed, and this by using polygraphy as a lever for literary experimentation. In this polygraphic melting-pot, the various texts, as well as the main fields of production (poetry, translation, theory), which should have remained heterogeneous, are conscientiously related in a fertile dialogue. As a consequence, theory and practice mingle in constant interaction, in a permanent reflexive and self-criticising movement. Meanwhile, the work never stops re-writing itself. By doing so, a dialectic movement to and fro is created, holding together the various productions, and de facto making them a Work of art. Even more, as it is a movement of permanent recreation, this work prompts us to put back, not only this particular work, but also all the works of art, in their context, i.e in the gradual time of their elaboration, and more generally speaking in history. This paves the way for the elaboration of a critical literary history which is eminently modern. Enventually, such an example leads us to start a reflection in the field of the philosophy of art : what are the consequences on the idea of the Beautiful of a work which is no longer to be thought about as a monument, but as a movement?
Lolliot, Rachel. "Mécanismes de la fatalité et construction d'un élan vital dans les nouvelles de Theodor Storm et de Guy de Maupassant." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIML004/document.
Full textA short story is a brief narrative and therefore can represent the tragic of existence : it catches on the spot all the events of life and presents them in a restricted economy. Theodor Storm and Guy de Maupassant obey the rule and offer narratives marked by fatality, which is the demonstration of fate and/ or chance shown through the description of realistic landscapes and through the emphasis of key objects which pull with them the decline of the characters. The narrative technique also serves the fabrication of this determinism. So, both authors allow themselves to intersperse stories, to go back into the narration, so that the weigh of fate and/ or chance is heavier and works as a spring mechanism taking place tragically. Nevertheless, even if everything suggests the opposite, these short stories are not so pessimistic. Indeed, a life force typical of the philosophical and social thinking of the 19th century arises from this fatality marked with fate and/ or chance. Fate and/ or chance is in fact the blind expression of a will which determines the choice of characters. So these short stories emphasize the illusion of characters' free will who think they can decide of their life. From there, the creative impulse stemming from the writing allows a interruption of this determinism. So, it is those mechanisms of fate that are defused in this work to observe this saving and liberatoring life force, inherent to the philosophic and literary concept of the XIXth century
Sahin, Can. "L'influence des écrivains français sur les doctrines littéraires des romanciers turcs de la période de la modernisation et les réalisations." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA028.
Full textNovel is a gift to Turkish literature of the period of modernization. Changing social and political events undoubtedly affects on literary form. 19th century in the Ottoman Empire at dizzying speeds where there is a period of development and change. During this period, France is almost like a pop-up window of the Ottoman Empire in Europe. Place a thousand years of classical Turkish literature in the European model is replaced with a new understanding of literature. In this change French literature has been exemplary in litrature. In this study, the period of Reformation French influence in Turkish literature has been examined from a broader perspective. The causes of the French influence in Turkish literature and its reflections have tried to read through the first Turkish novel. For the first time in this process, beginning with the translation of the French novel of French romanticism, French realism and French naturalism led to the Turkish author. This academic endeavour is carried out on the texts of French writer of which direction they affect Turkish writer has been demonstrated in a detailed manner
Lemaitre, Régine. "Fernando Fernán-Gómez : écrivain populaire." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20009.
Full text@Fernando Fern'an-G'omez is one of the most important figure of Spanish cinema, so that it has somewhat overshadowed the writer's facet. Therefore, this thesis takes into account one part of his written works, that is to say six novels and four plays. The aim of this work is to examine their relationships with the marginal literature and with the French popular novel in particular. Indeed, the author always evokes his taste for this genre and the role it has played in his education. From then on, to find its traces and borrowings in his work was a compulsory step. In order to know on which level this influence was the most likely,it was necessary to establish the popular feature of the considered work and likely, it was necessary to establish the populare feature of the considered work and this through three criteria : its origin, its form and its contents. Are Fernando Fern'an-G'omez's writings popular because the writer himself comes from the ordinary people ? Are they so because of their realism and readability ? Or finally are they so because the author mainly evokes -by using certain tricks of the popular novel- the Spanish people, these vanquished people who have suffered from harshness of the civil war and from the francoism which are two recurrent historical aspects of his written works. It is on this last level that the popular feature of the works appears the most clearly, the author having himself declared that his worries for the humble people came from his reading when he was a child of the book " Les Misérables " by V. Hugo. Strongly considered as the writer of the ordinary people ; Fernando Fern'an-G'omez deserved to be qualified as a popular writer as Eugene Sue was in his time
Fernandez, Cecilia. "Les motifs mythologiques antiques et bibliques dans la poésie de RDA : günter Kunert, Sarah Kirsch et Uwe Kolbe." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20088/document.
Full textThis work explores how antique and biblical mythological motives are integrated into GDR poetry. First, the notions of myth, mytheme and socialist “cultural heritage” are clarified. After that are studied Marx’s theories on how we relate to the culture of the past centuries. The latter focuses on how to integrate dialectically and then surpass the cultural heritage, but with no intention to abolish it. By showing outward contempt for the myths, the East German cultural authorities overinterpret Marx’s positions. If the cultural policy shows a schizophrenic attitude by manipulating the myths to consolidate the power, while depreciating them because of their non rational nature, in fact one can observe the great success of the mythological material in GDR literature, especially in poetry. The study of the mythological motives in the work of Günter Kunert, Sarah Kirsch and Uwe Kolbe highlights the fact that resorting to this tradition in poetry has paved the way for modernity, then for postmodernism. The reference to myths implies the notions of liberty and restraint, that we relate to Julia Kristeva’s concepts of semiotic and thetic. Indeed, the aim is to show that, when referring to the myths, GDR poetry develops an aesthetics of resistance to doxa in every way. The recourse to myths in GDR poetry places it in a postmodern aesthetics, but a constrained, negative one, for it attests both the difficulty to understand the contemporary world, exposed to the splitting of sense, and the self-destroying absurdity of the East German regime. Finally, the fact that myths in GDR poetry from the eighties have almost disappeared can be read as the failure of the utopian idea of an improvable world
Belkaïd, Meryem. "L'Effacement du réel dans la fiction policière contemporaine (Tonino Benacquista, Pascal Garnier, Marcus Malte, Fred Vargas et Tanguy Viel)." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911658.
Full textKalbassi, Elahe. "L'impact du Nouveau Roman sur la Littérature Persane, étude sur la nouveauté romanesque chez Houshang Golshiri." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA025.
Full textThis thesis aims to study, through a comparative approach, the impact of New French Novel on Persian literature. This study is circumscribed to a contemporary period, from 1340 until 1350 (1960-1970), and underscores the relationship between the Iranian media such as Djong-e Esfahan produced in 1344 (1965) and translation, which contributed to the transfer of the literary novelties to the new Persian novelists. This research will demonstrate the existing contrast between the traditional conventions of the literary genres and their subversion provoked by literary movements such as New Novel. From now on, the refusal of pastiche and mimesis encourages the new novelists to develop, in the field of fiction, a new aesthetic of writing. The major problematic of this study concentrates on drawing the parallels between the works of Golshiri and those of Robbe-Grillet, which was a real source of inspiration for the first one. In this regard, selected fictions of the pioneers of the New Novel are considered in order to support our comparative study. The dramatic change from a traditionally passive reading to an active reading leads us to assess the new status of the contemporary reader, tripped in the adventure of writing. The literary works studied in this thesis are situated in the crossroad of an aesthetic study on narrative form of the text and the superiority of writing over meaning. We will analyse the process of the development of language, the modifications it has undergone through the new technological relationship of the literary text. Thanks to the study of these works, we will analyse, from a comparative point of view, the existing challenges between the notions of real and fictive, of ancient and modern, of literary genre and literary movement
Thiltges, Sebastian. "Paysages silencieux dans le roman réaliste (1850-1900)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAC028.
Full textIn search of silent landscapes or of the silence of the landscape, this thesis explores a wide open corpus of realistic novels published in France, in England and in the German-speaking countries between 1850-1900. This comparative reading represents a literary journey looking for a particular type of landscape, not with geographical connotation, but perceived as an imaginary and sensitive space. Against the romantic commonplace of silent landscape, "realistic" silence often appears as an attempt Io muzzle the romantic voices, while demonstrating that realism reinvents the relationship between the human being and the natural world, between the subject and the object of perception. Abrogating the hegemony of the visual and the verbal, uniting objective and humanist observation, establishing a relation between the landscape and the reader, silence allows Io discover unexplored spaces and guarantees the experience of a new reading, as the attempt to listen to the natural and textual worlds
Martin, Jocelyn S. "Re/membering: articulating cultural identity in Philippine fiction in English." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210163.
Full textWritten as such (with a slash),“re/membering” encapsulates the following three-fold meaning: (1) a “re-membering”, to indicate “a putting together of the dismembered past to make sense of the trauma of the present” (Bhabha 1994:63); as (2) a “re-membering” or a re-integration into a group and; as (3) “remembering” which implies possessing “memory or … set [ting] off in search of a memory” (Ricoeur 2004:4). As a morphological unit, “re/membering” designates, the ways in which Filipino authors try to articulate cultural identity through the routes of colonisation, migration and dictatorship.
The authors studied in this thesis include: Carlos Bulosan, Bienvenido Santos, N.V.M. Gonzalez, Nick Joaquin, Frank Sionil José, Ninotchka Rosca, Jessica Hagedorn, and Merlinda Bobis. Sixty-years separate Bulosan’s America is in the Heart (1943) from Hagedorn’s Dream Jungle (2003). Analysis of these works reveals how articulation is both difficult and hopeful. On the one hand, authors criticize the lack of efforts and seriousness towards articulation of cultural identity as re/membering (coming to terms with the past, fostering belonging and cultivating memory). Not only is re/membering challenged by double-consciousness (Du Bois 1994), dismemberment and forgetting, moreover, its necessity is likewise hard to recognize because of pain, trauma, phenomena of splitting, escapist attitudes and preferences for a “comfortable captivity”.
On the other hand, re/membering can also be described as hopeful by the way authors themselves make use of literature to articulate identity through research, dialogue, time, reconciliation and re-creation. Although painstaking and difficult, re/membering is important and necessary because what is at stake is an articulated Philippine cultural identity. However, who would be prepared to make the effort?
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Cette thèse démontre que, pour les auteurs philippins, l’articulation ou « re/membering » l'identité culturelle, est nécessaire. Le chercheur s'appuie principalement sur la théorie de Stuart Hall, qui perçoit l'identité culturelle comme une articulation qui permet de considérer l’homme assujetti capable aussi d'agir contre des pouvoirs (cf. Grossberg 1996 [1986]: 157). Appliquée au contexte philippin, cet auteur soutient que, au lieu de la visualisation d'une identité fragmentée apparente comme un obstacle à une « définition » de l'identité culturelle, elle regarde l’histoire philippine «abîmée» (Fallows 1987) comme le matériel même qui permet l'articulation d’identité. Au lieu de réduire l'identité culturelle d'un peuple à ce qu’ ils auraint pû être avant les interventions de l’histoire, elle met en avant une vision de l'identité qui cherche à transfigurer ces "dommages" par un travail d’acceptation avec l'histoire.
Bien que ce point de vue a déjà été partagé par d'autres critiques (tels que Feria 1991 ou Dalisay 1998:145), la contribution de l'auteur réside dans la présentation de « re/membering » pour décrire un type d'articulation sans refouler les plaies du passé, mais sans stagner en elles non plus. De plus, « re/membering » permet de comprendre de futures articulations de « nouvelles » identités culturelles (en raison de la migration en cours), tout en mettant une «fermeture arbitraire» (Hall) aux ré-articulations simplistes qui ne font que promouvoir des “lines of tendential forces” (Hall) (tels que des préjugés sur la couleur brune ou noire de peau) ou des pratiques hégémoniques.
Rédigé en tant que telle (avec /), « re/membering » comporte une triple signification: (1) une «re-membering », pour indiquer une mise ensemble d’un passé fragmenté pour donner un sens au traumatisme du présent (cf. Bhabha, 1994:63); (2) une «re-membering» ou une ré-intégration dans un groupe et finalement, comme (3)"remembering", qui suppose la possession de mémoire ou une recherche d'une mémoire »(Ricoeur 2004:4). Comme unité morphologique, « re/membering » désigne la manière dont les auteurs philippins tentent d'articuler l'identité culturelle à travers les routes de la colonisation, les migrations et la dictature.
Les auteurs inclus dans cette thèse sont: Carlos Bulosan, Bienvenido Santos, NVM Gonzalez, Nick Joaquin, Frank Sionil José, Ninotchka Rosca, Jessica Hagedorn, et Merlinda Bobis. Soixante ans séparent America is in the Heart (1943) du Bulosan et le Dream Jungle (2003) du Hagedorn. L'analyse de ces œuvres révèle la façon dont l'articulation est à la fois difficile et pleine d'espoir. D'une part, les auteurs critiquent le manque d'efforts envers l'articulation en tant que « re/membering » (confrontation avec le passé, reconnaissance de l'appartenance et cultivation de la mémoire). Non seulement est « re/membering » heurté par le double conscience (Du Bois 1994), le démembrement et l'oubli, en outre, sa nécessité est également difficile à reconnaître en raison de la douleur, les traumatismes, les phénomènes de scission, les attitudes et les préférences d'évasion pour une captivité "confortable" .
En même temps, « re/membering » peut également être décrit comme plein d'espoir par la façon dont les auteurs eux-mêmes utilisent la littérature pour articuler l'identité à travers la recherche, le dialogue, la durée, la réconciliation et la re-création. Bien que laborieux et difficile, « re/membering » est important et nécessaire car ce qui est en jeu, c'est une identité culturelle articulée des Philippines. Mais qui serait prêt à l'effort?
Doctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Ali, Suzette. "L’invraisemblable dans la représentation réaliste contemporaine - étude de «Dernier amour» de Christian Gailly, de «Gabrielle au bois dormant» de Denyse Delcourt, de «La maison des temps rompus» de Pascale Quiviger et de «Tarmac» de Nicolas Dickner." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30507/30507.pdf.
Full textZawiślak-Hanotte, Anna. "« Une espèce de Julien Sorel, mâtiné de Rastignac ». L’apparition des personnages d’arrivistes dans le roman français, polonais et anglais du XIXe siècle, 1830-1914." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL096.
Full textBy the use of the word arriviste, the hero of the Nineteen-Century novels is often reduced to his psychological portrait of a timeless character, ruthlessly seeking his aim. Nevertheless, the role that he plays in the history of literature is more important. The model of the arriviste was created at the same time as the modern realist novel, even if the term itself only appeared in 1893. The arriviste characterises a posteriori a whole generation of heroes, beginning with Stendhal’s and Balzac’s novels. Inspired by the social changes and the now-mythical example of Napoleon, the arriviste is a hero that mirrors the national and contemporary society, as the twenty-six novels of the corpus exemplify it. He is also a figure of displacement that facilitates a panoramic view on the society and a construction of the realist narrative. As a hero of a modern tale, the arriviste follows a course on which his story is based. He becomes a modern Argonaut searching for a new Golden Fleece: social success. The career of a literary arriviste raises questions about narratology and his relationship with the reader. The scene of first appearance of the character enables the narrator to kindle the reader’s first impressions that influence the general comprehension of the protagonist. A triple perspective of the comparative narratology, the effects of the work’s reception and the research in social psychology reveals the narrative schemes used by the narrator. Therefore, the success of the arriviste goes beyond the diegetic world. It means also his longevity in the collective memory as a literary type and as a word that describes him
Termin arywista, używany do określenia postaci z powieści dziewiętnastowiecznej, często redukuje ją do portretu psychologicznego ponadczasowego bohatera, który zmierza do celu bez najmniejszych skrupułów. Jednakże jego rola w historii literatury jest znacznie istotniejsza. Wzór arywisty powstaje w tym samym czasie, co nowoczesna powieść realistyczna, mimo tego, iż sam termin pojawia się dopiero w 1893r. Arywista charakteryzuje a posteriori całe pokolenie postaci literackich, począwszy od bohaterów Stendhala i Balzaka. Inspirowany zmianami społecznymi oraz na wpół mityczną historią Napoleona, arywista jest bohaterem, który ukazuje współczesne społeczeństwo, co widoczne jest w każdej z dwudziestu sześciu powieści z naszego korpusu. Jest on również symbolem przemieszczania się, który ułatwia panoramiczne spojrzenie na społeczeństwo oraz konstrukcję narracji realistycznej. Niczym bohater współczesnej baśni, arywista podąża szlakiem, który stanowi podstawę intrygi powieści. Staje się on współczesnym argonautą, w poszukiwaniu nowego Złotego Runa – sukcesu społecznego. Kariera powieściowego arywisty zachęca również do refleksji narratologicznej oraz stawia problem relacji z czytelnikiem. Scena pierwszego pojawienia się postaci pozwala ona narratorowi na wywołanie pierwszych wrażeń, które wpływają na ogólne rozumienie protagonisty. Potrójna perspektywa narratologii porównawczej, efektów odbioru dzieła i badań z zakresu psychologii społecznej, uwypukla procesy narracyjne używane przez narratora. Tym samym, sukces arywisty wychodzi poza świat diegezy. Jest nim także jego miejsce w pamięci kolektywnej jako typ literacki, jak również kariera lingwistyczna słowa, które go definiuje
Hmedi, Khalil Al. "La question du réel dans la poésie de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle : survivance de la poésie réaliste du XIXe siècle dans les pratiques poétiques contemporaines (Philippe Jaccottet, James Sacré, Philippe Clerc)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20039.
Full textThe imperative of the real that characterizes contemporary poetry since 1950 is at the heart of the poetic practices of Philippe Jaccottet (1925-), Philippe Clerc (1935-) and James Sacré (1939-). Tthey are in part, keeping up with the themes of the realist movement of 19th century poetry, (Max Buchon, François Coppée, Sully Prudhomme, Charles Baudelaire, Jean Richepin). But the real reappears in these practices with a new gaze, a new concern, and above all a new claim. On the contrary to 20th century poets, still steeped in the desire to have the real comply with the poem’s claims, this new generation is representative of a theoretical and practical change: the real is in itself the material of the poetic act. Set in motion by practices far from each other, modeled by different cultures, they make choices in language and demand rigor and simplicity in order to account of the real. Our work aims first at showing the evolution of the meaning and the writing of the real in 19th century poetry. This study will bring us then to analyze the different aspects of the writing of the real in the works of the three poets we have chosen, and to underline how they differ from their predecessor, and determine their specificity and their position in contemporary poetry
Fintzel, Julie. "Le personnage apocryphe dans l'oeuvre de Max Aub." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3072.
Full textThis doctoral thesis has benn aproached in a perspective of history of literature, and aims to consider a global thought about the nature, the meaning and the impact of the use of the apocryphal for the Spanish writer Max Aub (Paris, 1903, Mexico City, 1972). The process underpins the ambitious project of "El Laberinto Mágico" ̶The Magic Labyrinth ̶, which groups together the works dedicated to the Spanish Civil War. Max Aub breaks with a first experimental practice of literature to focus from this point onward on the game of a character firmly immersed in History. The creation of the apocryphal character takes for the author a value of existential testimony, which goes beyond the playful dimension of the fiction and reality mix. In a century characterized by wars and violence, in an author deeply marked by the Spanish Civil War and the painful uprooting experience, the apocryphal character also goes back to the question of identity, as well as the otherness experience , and the exploration of the other possible existential paths. This exploration of the limits of the narrative genre contributes to the resolution of the "crisis of the novel" in the twenties, it is also part of a double perspective, national and European, and is anchored in History, to the point where it gives of it a new vision
Piniello, Françoise. "L’écriture de la lumière dans "A la Recherche du temps perdu" de Marcel Proust : étude stylistique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2155.
Full textLight is a recurring theme throughout Remembrance of Things Past - the magic lantern's importance is to be noted from the novel's beginning. Light is often used as a metaphor for artistic creation. Thus, I have chosen to study this motif focusing on light-induced patterns as well as how it becomes symbolic in the context of the novel. I will use lexicological and stylistic analysis to do so.I have first worked on words connected to creative light for which I will propose a semiasiological analysis including of the substantive light itself. I have also focused on some its para synonymous terms such as sun, moon, day, brightness, glow, lighting, shade, glint, beam...by looking for paradigms used instead in the novel.Secondly, I have examined whether some of light's properties – path sentences like rays of light ; transvertebration, stained glass window sentences - are part of the structure of Proust's sentences, since focus and fragmentation structure the author' insight into his world.Finally, I have selected literary devices - metaphors, syllepses and antanaclases in their stylistic function as well as some uses of the coordination conjunction and – and analysed them in so far as they convey the characteristics of light beyond the structure of sentences. The art of photography and its techniques are then shown metaphorically shedding light and interplaying with the art of Proust, the author of Remembrance of Things Past, progressively conjuring the image of photographice development process
Panter, Marie. "Le roman, poème du monde. Victor Hugo, Theodor Fontane, Thomas Hardy." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENSL0856.
Full textThis thesis deals with the poetics of the novel in Victor Hugo, Theodor Fontane and Thomas Hardy, with a specific focus on The Man who Laughs (1869), Trials and Tribulations (1888) and Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891). By bringing together these three novelists who are widely acknowledged as major writers yet ignored by general theories of the novel, this study will show how a vision of the modern novel as a poetic rendition of reality, with an idealist, progressive and critical background, has maintained itself. Hugo, Fontane and Hardy, three novelists who considered themselves to be poets first and foremost, opted to turn the novel into a tragedy, a poetic rendition of reality which stands in contrast with Lukacs’ post-Hegelian theories of the modern novel as a prosaic literary genre. In the face of nihilism and the theories of the realist novel which surfaced in the second half of the XIXth century and attempted to define – in the restrictive sense of the word – the genre of the novel, they turned back to the model of the Romantic novel and reinvented it at a time when the realist novel was preeminent. Their poetics was therefore based on the “poietisation” of prose, in other words, based on the imaginary, the symbolic and the metaphoric. This enabled them to assert the specificity and possibility of a poetic, that is to say subjective, heroic and moral experience of the world, as well as the ability of the novel to generate poetical knowledge about the world and history
Di, Pinto Sonia. "Du réel merveilleux à l´animisme: le mythe, l´histoire et l´enchantement du monde dans El reino de este mundo d´Alejo Carpentier et Terra sonâmbula de Mia Couto." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/50347.
Full textEn el presente trabajo, a través de un análisis comparado de las obras El reino de este mundo de Alejo Carpentier y Terra sonâmbula de Mia Couto, se analiza el papel esencial de los elementos mágicos y sobrenaturales propios de los pueblos africanos y antillanos representados, así como la función reveladora del mito y de la historia en las dos narrativas. Se intenta comprender como esas obras se integran en la literatura postcolonial y como esas se relacionan con la estrategia narrativa del realismo mágico (teniendo en cuenta sus variantes de real maravilloso y realismo animista) y con el animismo (desde un punto de vista antropológico). Por lo tanto, se pretende destacar como la recuperación del pasado ancestral y el encantamiento del mundo representan los fundamentos temáticos de las dos novelas, las cuales revindican la emergencia de una consciencia nacional y cultural propias y autóctonas. La presencia esencial de algunos fenómenos sobrenaturales – como, por ejemplo, el diálogo con los antepasados, la metamorfosis y los ritos de iniciación – no solo reflejan la ontología animista de los pueblos representados, sino que simbolizan la denuncia contra la condición alienante vivida durante el periodo colonial y postcolonial