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1
Tomasello, Olga. "Levinas on the 'Origin' of Justice: Kant, Heidegger, and a Communal Structure of Difference." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1646.
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The way we understand community fundamentally structures the way we approach justice. In opposition to totalizing structures of justice founded upon an ontological conception of
community, Emmanuel Levinas conceives the possibility of a political or social structure of difference. I argue that the conceptions of community presented by Kant and Heidegger, either as a harmonious, unified being in common, or as a common-identity disclosed beneath the ontological horizon of being-with, necessarily leads to violence. This violence is reflected in the forms of justice instantiated by these philosophies, which privilege the ‘light’ of the universal over the particularity of individuals in the face-to-face encounter, ultimately corrupting and nullifying one’s anarchic moral responsibility for the Other. The intent of this thesis is to argue that justice can only remain just if it is seen, not on the basis of a communal ‘light’ that absorbs, integrates, and incorporates the Other as an element of a system, but as founded on the anarchic responsibility of the one-for-the-Other. Justice, I will show, cannot be seen as an aim of a community—complete and self-sufficient—in achieving an end, but as a rupture, a disturbance, as a call made among a multitude of particular, unique Others by which ethics (the face-to-face) is fundamental.<br>B.A.<br>Bachelors<br>Philosophy<br>Arts and Humanities
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Moodie, Myron L., Maria S. Araujo, Thomas B. Grace, William A. Malatesta, and Ben A. Abbott. "iNET Standards Validation: End-to-End Performance Assessment." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604282.
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ITC/USA 2010 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Sixth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 25-28, 2010 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>The integrated Network-Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) project has developed standards for network-based telemetry systems. While these standards are based largely on the existing body of commercial networking protocols, the Telemetry Network System (TmNS) has more stringent performance requirements in the areas of latency, throughput, operation over constrained links, and quality of service (QoS) than typical networked applications. A variety of initial evaluations were undertaken to exercise the interfaces of the current standards and determine real-world performance. The core end-to-end performance initial evaluations focus collectively on the movement of telemetry data through the TmNS. These initial evaluations addressed two areas: end-to-end data delivery and parametric data extraction. This paper presents the approach taken by these ongoing efforts and provides initial results. The latest results will be presented at ITC 2010.
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Etemadi, Reza Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Systems and Computer. "End-to-end scheduling in hard real-time multiprocessor systems." Ottawa, 1996.
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Banerjee, Debashis. "Intelligent real-time environment and process adaptive radio frequency front-ends for ultra low power applications." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53882.
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In the thesis the design of process tolerant, use-aware radio-frequency front-ends were explored. First, the design of fuzzy logic and equation based controllers, which can adapt to multi-dimensional channel conditions, are proposed. Secondly, the thesis proves that adaptive systems can have multiple modes of operation depending upon the throughput requirements of the system. Two such modes were demonstrated: one optimizing the energy-per-bit (energy priority mode) and another achieving the lowest power consumption at the highest throughput (data priority mode). Finally, to achieve process tolerant channel adaptive operation a self-learning methodology is proposed which learns the optimal re-configuration setting for the system on-the-fly. Implications of the research are discussed and future avenues of further research are proposed.
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Halvorsen, Espen Herseth. "Real-Time End-User Service Composition Using Google Wave." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for telematikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11126.
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This thesis explores Wave, a brand new communication and collaboration platform, from the perspective of end user service composition. A description of the different frameworks that are available and a study of how these can be used to create components that can be easily integrated with the platform are provided. Several examples of how the platform can be used to simplify different use cases involving multiple users collaborating on a common goal are provided. A complete solution to collaboratively organize meetings is also developed using these tools, and a detailed explanation of how one creates the necessary Wave Gadgets using web technologies like HTML, CSS and JavaScript, and the necessary back-end Wave Robots using Java are provided.
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Olsson, Anton, and Felix Rosberg. "Domain Transfer for End-to-end Reinforcement Learning." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43042.
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In this master thesis project a LiDAR-based, depth image-based and semantic segmentation image-based reinforcement learning agent is investigated and compared forlearning in simulation and performing in real-time. The project utilize the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient architecture for learning continuous actions and was designed to control a RC car. One of the first project to deploy an agent in a real scenario after training in a similar simulation. The project demonstrated that with a proper reward function and by tuning driving parameters such as restricting steering, maximum velocity, minimum velocity and performing input data scaling a LiDAR-based agent could drive indefinitely on a simple but completely unseen track in real-time.
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Himbert, Esther. "Analysis of German real estate funds: selection criteria for investment opportunities perspective." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147656.
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This study is focused on real estate funds formed in Germany and has two major purposes: first to investigate the liquidity crisis and followed change of the legal framework for German real estate funds and secondly to demonstrate the impact on investment selection criteria of German real estate investment companies . By both quantitative and qualitative methods the thesis approaches those two different purposes. The quantitative part provides theoretical background about the construct of open-end and closed-end real estate funds and about the triggers and effects of the liquidity crisis. The qualitative part consists of an online survey that was sent to German real estate investment companies in which respondents indicated their preferred criteria for real estate investment opportunities. Furthermore telephone interviews on this topic were conducted with four German real estate investment experts. In the end the findings from the survey and the interviews are applied to a case study about a trophy asset in Luxembourg, in order to analyze if this property meets the investment criteria of German real estate funds. The survey and the conducted interviews indicate that German real estate investment companies have adapted to the risk-averse investment behaviour of investors and preferably make safe haven investments in terms of the investment style, the location of the real estate asset and the characteristics of the property itself and its tenants. The case study as well confirms this result.
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Khariwal, Vivek. "Adaptive control of real-time media applications in best-effort networks." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1236.
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Quality of Service (QoS) in real-time media applications can be defined as the
ability to guarantee the delivery of packets from source to destination over best-effort
networks within some constraints. These constraints defined as the QoS metrics are
end-to-end packet delay, delay jitter, throughtput, and packet losses. Transporting
real-time media applications over best-effort networks, e.g. the Internet, is an area
of current research. Both the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User
Datagram Protocol (UDP) have failed to provide the desired QoS. This research aims
at developing application-level end-to-end QoS controls to improve the user-perceived
quality of real-time media applications over best-effort networks, such as, the public
Internet.
In this research an end-to-end packet based approach is developed. The end-to-
end packet based approach consists of source buffer, network simulator ns-2, destina-
tion buffer, and controller. Unconstrained model predictive control (MPC) methods
are implemented by the controller at the application layer. The end-to-end packet
based approach uses end-to-end network measurements and predictions as feedback
signals. Effectiveness of the developed control methods are examined using Matlab
and ns-2. The results demonstrate that sender-based control schemes utilizing UDP
at transport layer are effective in providing QoS for real-time media applications
transported over best-effort networks. Significant improvements in providing QoS are
visible by the reduction of packet losses and the elimination of disruptions during the
playback of real-time media. This is accompanied by either a decrease or increase in
the playback start-time.
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Rodittis, Kathy, and Alan Cooke. "Next Generation End to End Avionics Bus Monitoring." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/579512.
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ITC/USA 2013 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Ninth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 21-24, 2013 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV<br>With the advent of networked based data acquisition systems comes the opportunity to acquire, transmit and store potentially very large volumes of data. Despite this, and the increased size of the data acquisition networks, the use of tightly integrated hardware, and setup and analysis software enable the FTI engineer to save time and increase productivity. This paper outlines how the use of innovative bus packetizer technology and the close integration of FTI software can simplify this process. The paper describes how packetizer technology is used to acquire data from avionics buses, and how it packages this data in a format that is optimized for network based systems. The paper further describes how software can simplify the process of configuring avionics bus monitors in addition to automating and optimizing the transport of data from various nodes in the acquisition network for transmission to either network recorders or via a telemetry link.
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Erlandsson, Niklas. "Implementering av testplattform för end-to-end streaming telemetry i nätverk." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationssystem och –teknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-39383.
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Målen med denna studie är att implementera en testmiljö för streaming telemetry samt jämföra två alternativ för att möjliggöra realtidsanalys av det insamlade datat. Dessa två alternativ är Python-biblioteken PyKafka och Confluent-Kafka-Python. Bedömningskritierna för jämförselsen var dokumentation, kodmängd och minnesanvändning. Testmiljön för streaming telemetry använder en router med Cisco IOS XR programvara som skickar data till en Cisco Pipeline collector, som vidare sänder datat till ett Kafka-kluster. Jämförelsen av Python-biblioteken utfördes med språket Python. Resultaten av jämförelsen visade att båda biblioteken hade välskriven dokumentation och liten skillnad i kodmängd, dock använde Confluent-Kafka-Python mindre minne. Studien visar att streaming telemetry med realtidsanalys kan fungera bra som ett komplement till eller en ersättning av SNMP. Studien rekommenderar användning av Confluent-Kafka-Python för implementering i produktionsmiljöer med ett stort antal nätverksenheter med tanke på den lägre minnesanvändningen.<br>The goals of this study are to implement a test environment for streaming telemetry and compare two alternatives for analysing the collected data in realtime. The two alternatives are the Python libraries PyKafka and Confluent-Kafka-Python. The comparison focused mainly on three areas, these being documentation, amount of code and memory usage. The test environment for streaming telemetry was set up with a router running IOS XR software that is sending data to a Cisco Pipeline collector, which in turn sends data to a Kafka-cluster. The comparison of the two libraries for interfacing with the cluster was made with the language Python. The results of the comparison showed that both libraries had well-written documentation and showed a negligible difference in amount of code. The memory usage was considerably lower with the Confluent-Kafka-Python library. The study shows that streaming telemetry together with real-time analysis makes a good complement to or a replacement of SNMP. The study further recommends the use of Confluent-Kafka-Python in real-world implementations of streaming telemetry, particularly in large networks with a large amount of devices.
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Jabbour, Georges Safwan. "A tool for resource conscious design of distributed real-time systems using end-to-end deadline constraints /." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33412.
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In a hard real-time system, the notion of time is very critical. For this reason, specific designing methods and different scheduling algorithms were developed. However, the scheduling algorithms are dependent on task attributes that are artifacts from system design, and the designers still do generate them by a trial and error process. [SH96] presents a resource conscious design method to systematically generate these attributes so that the task deadlines and the system end-to-end constraints are met. Using this method and the Rate Monotonic scheduling algorithm, I developed a tool that calculates the response time of each task of the system and a per-constraint heuristic parameter called "gain". Furthermore, it allows the designer to interactively change the timing attributes and to quickly check their effect on the system schedulability.
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Boshoff, Jacobus Nicolaas. "Improving end-to-end delay for real-time multimedia traffic in mobile ad-hoc networks / Jacobus Nicolaas Boshoff." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2302.
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Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are infrastructure-less, self-organizing wireless networks. Nodes in these networks are able to communicate in the absence of access points, via single-hop or multi-hop paths on a peer-to-peer basis. Efficient routing in MANETs remains a big challenge due to the dynamic and uncertain nature of these networks, as well as the limited and continuously altering energy resources and bandwidth of mobile nodes.
MANET routing protocols have to be lightweight due to the limited processing power and memory resources of mobile nodes, and have to be able to adapt quickly to dynamic changes in network topology.
A large number of proposed protocols use the number of hops between a transmitting source node and a receiving destination node as metric to select a suitable route. The route with the least hops is thus used. For real-time traffic, and especially in a congested network, the route with the least number of hops can not be assumed to provide the best Quality of Service (QoS), since queuing time at one node may be orders higher than at another. Furthermore, since depending on the Medium Access Control protocol, the physical environment and the distance between communicating nodes, amongst others, the available bandwidth provided by a specific link can hardly ever be guaranteed.
In this research a QoS extension of the Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol is proposed, implemented and tested in OPNET Modeler. First, the metric for selecting routes is changed to end-to-end delay, and secondly, the protocol is extended to a multi-path protocol.
Both extensions realize much lower end-to-end delay for application packets than AODV, and especially the multi-path extension with which all end-to-end delay are lowered to less than the maximum allowed delay for real-time traffic as recommended by the ITU-T. In most scenarios, the average packet delay variation, packet delivery fraction and routing overhead are improved by the final version of the AODV extension, and the overall protocol performance is also better than that of DSR, OLSR and DYMO.<br>Thesis (M. Ing. (Computer and Electronical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
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Holmberg, Jonas. "OFFLINE SCHEDULING OF TASK SETS WITH COMPLEX END-TO-END DELAY CONSTRAINTS." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35694.
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Software systems in the automotive domain are generally safety critical and subject to strict timing requirements. Systems of this character are often constructed utilizing periodically executed tasks, that have a hard deadline. In addition, these systems may have additional deadlines that can be specified on cause-effect chains, or simply task chains. They are defined by existing tasks in the system, hence the chains are not stand alone additions to the system. Each chain provide an end-to-end timing constraint targeting the propagation of data through the chain of tasks. These constraints specify the additional timing requirements that need to be fulfilled, when searching for a valid schedule. In this thesis, an offline non-preemptive scheduling method is presented, designed for single core systems. The scheduling problem is defined and formulated utilizing Constraint Programming. In addition, to ensure that end-to-end timing requirements are met, job-level dependencies are considered during the schedule generation. Utilizing this approach can guarantee that individual task periods along with end-to-end timing requirements are always met, if a schedule exists. The results show a good increase in schedulability ratio when utilizing job-level dependencies compared to the case where job-level dependencies are not specified. When the system utilization increases this improvement is even greater. Depending on the system size and complexity the improvement can vary, but in many cases it is more than double. The scheduling generation is also performed within a reasonable time frame. This would be a good benefit during the development process of a system, since it allows fast verification when changes are made to the system. Further, the thesis provide an overview of the entire process, starting from a system model and ending at a fully functional schedule executing on a hardware platform.
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Lertpiriyasuwat, Vatchara. "Real-time estimation of end-effector position and orientation for manufacturing robots /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7047.
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Bou, Diab Wafaa. "End-to-security of real-time services over beyond third generation networks." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS0011.
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La sécurité représente un grand défi pour la transmission du trafic temps-réel sur les réseaux IP, l'objectif est d'acquérir le même niveau de sécurité offert par la téléphonie standard sans affecter la performance et la qualité de service. Sécuriser les services multimédia temps-réel sur un réseau IP est un processus complexe; les solutions de sécurité doivent prendre en compte les contraintes temps-réel des services voix et multimédia et leurs mécanismes doivent traiter les attaques possibles et l’overhead associé. La nécessité d’offrir un certain niveau de qualité de service (QoS) résulte souvent de l’utilisation des faibles mécanismes de sécurité. Le problème d’appliquer les mécanismes de sécurité pour les applications sensibles en temps-réel est que la sécurité et l'efficacité sont des exigences contradictoires ; les mécanismes de sécurité dégradent la performance et la QoS de telles applications, c’est principalement car ces mécanismes peuvent être responsables de l'augmentation de la latence et de la perte de paquets ; si la latence est trop élevée elle peut être la contrainte la plus dégénérant de la qualité des communications multimédia temps-réel. D'autre part, l'un des défis majeurs pour les applications temps-réel sur des réseaux mobiles de prochaine génération ou les réseaux au-delà de troisième génération (B3G) est le handover vertical sans-couture (seamless vertical handover). Ces applications sensibles aux latences et à la perte de paquets nécessitent un contrôle de handover rapide et efficace sur les diverses technologies sans fil pour réaliser la continuité de service et la mobilité sans coupure tout en préservant la sécurité et la qualité de service. L'objectif de cette thèse est de fournir une solution de sécurité robuste sans compromis sur la qualité de service et la performance des applications multimédia temps réel. À cause de la nature temps-critique des applications multimédia et leur faible tolérance au délai et à la perte de paquet, de nombreux mécanismes de sécurité mis en oeuvre dans les réseaux de données ne sont pas applicables aux services temps réel. D'abord, nous étudions les mécanismes de sécurité utilisés actuellement pour la protection des applications IP et examinons les différentes solutions de sécurité VPN en présentant leurs avantages et inconvénients. Ensuite, nous analysons les mécanismes de sécurité supportant les services temps réel et permettant de protéger les signalisations et les trafics médias et comparons les différentes solutions afin de trouver une solution de sécurité robuste supportant des applications multimédia sur des réseaux d’accès hétérogènes. Ensuite, nous présentons une nouvelle solution VPN basé sur IPSec permettant d’offrir une sécurité de bout-en-bout pour les applications temps-réel tout en préservant la performance et la Qualité de Service. La solution est basée sur le protocole de sécurité IPSec et travaille indépendamment du réseau sous-jacent, elle offre de chiffrement de bout-en-bout et donc évite les bouchons (bottlenecks) des files d'attente au niveau des routeurs et protège les utilisateurs et les communications multimédia des attaquants de l'intérieur. La méthode de signalisation permet d’établir le tunnel VPN de bout-en-bout sans délai. Nous proposons une nouvelle méthode de routage du trafic média sécurisé sur les réseaux IP, cette méthode réduit l’overhead de traitement à chaque routeur dans le chemin et minimise la latence et la perte de paquet multimédia. Après cela, nous décrivons le défi de la sécurité et les exigences des applications temps réel durant le handover vertical. Les applications temps réel ont besoin d'une solution de gestion de la mobilité qui réalise le handover aussi rapide que possible et offre un handover sans couture sécurisé sans perception du point de vue d’utilisateur. Ensuite, nous présentons la nouvelle solution de gestion de mobilité offrant un handover sans-couture, rapide et sécurisé pour les applications temps réel durant la mobilité entre les réseaux d’accès hétérogènes. Cette solution effectue l’authentification et la protection de l'intégrité durant le processus de handover anticipé, ce qui minimise l’overhead de signalisation et entraîne une réduction significative de la latence de handover et la perte de paquet. La solution permet aussi de résoudre le problème de désynchronisation entre les utilisateurs dû au mécanisme de compression. Un nouveau module entre les domaines E-IDM (Enhanced Inter-Domain Module) est introduit pour assurer la qualité de service et la sécurité de bout-en-bout des applications multimédia temps réel, tout en offrant de handover sécurisé entre les réseaux d'accès hétérogènes<br>Security presents a big challenge for transmitting real-time traffic over IP networks; the goal is to acquire the same security level offered by the standard telephony without affecting the performance and the quality of service. Securing real-time multimedia services over IP networks is a complex process; the security solutions must take into account the real-time constraints of voice and multimedia services and their mechanisms should address possible attacks and overhead associated with it. The need to provide certain level of Quality of Service (QoS) often results with weak security mechanisms. The problem of applying security mechanism for real-time sensitive applications is that security and efficiency are conflicting requirements and the security mechanisms may degrade the performance and the QoS of such applications. This is mainly because security mechanisms can be responsible for the increased latency and the packet loss; if latency is too high, it can be the most deteriorating constrain for the quality of the real-time multimedia communications. On the other hand, one of the major challenges for real-time applications over extgeneration mobile networks or the Beyond Third Generation Networks (B3G) is the seamless vertical handoff. Such latency and loss sensitive applications require fast and efficient handover control over various wireless technologies to realize service continuity and seamless mobility while preserving the security and the QoS. The aim of this thesis is to provide a robust security solution without compromising the QoS and the performance of the real-time multimedia applications. Because of the timecritical nature of multimedia applications and their low tolerance for disruption and packet loss, many security mechanisms implemented in data networks are not applicable to real-time services. We first investigate the different security mechanisms applying nowadays for protecting IP applications, and examine the various VPN security solutions presenting their advantages and drawbacks. Then, we analyze the mechanisms supporting real-time services and enabling to protect both the signaling and the media traffic, and compare the different
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Malafaia, Daniel Filipe Simões. "Real time front-end for cognitive radio inspired by the human cochlea." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10944.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e Telecomunicações<br>Nesta tese vamos discutir a implementação e desenvolvimento de um frontend
inspirado na cóclea humana que é capaz de amostrar sinais RF com uma
larga largura de banda e gama dinâmica. Este front-end usa um multiplexer
de RF de 8 canais amostrado por uma placa com 8 ADCs a funcionar a
250MSPS. Uma placa de desenvolvimento com uma FPGA controla a ADC
e implementa os ltros de síntese digitais e liga a um computador pessoal
para transferir toda a informação e mudar os coe cientes dos ltros em
tempo real.<br>In this thesis it will be discussed the real time implementation and development
of a front-end inspired by the Human Cochlea that is able to sample RF
signals with a large bandwidth and dynamic range. This front-end uses an 8
channel RF multiplexer sampled by an 8 channel 250MSPS ADC board. A
FPGA board controls the ADC, implements the digital synthesis lter bank
and connects to a personal computer to transfer the data and to change the
lters in real-time.
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Chen, Tao. "Development and simulation of hard real-time switched-ethernet avionics data network." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2011. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/6995.
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The computer and microelectronics technologies are developing very quickly nowadays. In the mean time, the modern integrated avionics systems are burgeoning unceasingly. The modern integrated modular architecture more and more requires the low-latency and reliable communication databus with the high bandwidth. The traditional avionics databus technology, such as ARINC429, can not provide enough high speed and size for data communication, and it is a problem to achieve transmission mission successfully between the advanced avionic devices with the sufficient bandwidth.
AFDX(Avionics Full Duplex Switched Ethernet) is a good solution for this problem, which is the high-speed full duplex switched avionic databus, on the basis of the Ethernet technology. AFDX can not only avoid Ethernet conflicts and collisions, but also increase transmission rate with a lower weigh of the databus. AFDX is now adopted by A380,B787 aircraft successfully.
The avionics data must be delivered punctualy and reliablely, so it is very essential to validate the real-time performance of AFDX during the design process. The simulation is a good method to acquire the network performance, but it only happends in some given set of scenarios, and it is impossible to consider every case. So a sophisticatd network performance method for the worst-case scenario with the pessimistic upper bound requires to be deduced. The avionic design engineers have launched many researches in the AFDX simulation and methods study. That is the goal that this thesis is aimming for.
The development of this project can been planned in the following two steps.
In the first step, a communication platform plans to be implemented to simulate the AFDX network in two versions – the RTAI realtime framework and Linux user space framework. Ultimately, these frameworks need to be integrated into net-ASS, which is an integrated simulation and assessment platform in the cranfield’s lab.The second step deduces an effective method to evaluate network performance, including three bounds(delay,backlog and output flow), based on the NC. It is called Network Calculus. It is an internet theory keeping the network system in determistic way. It is also used in communication queue management. This mathematics method is planed to be verified with simulation results from the AFDX simuation communication platform, in order to assure its validity and applicability.
All in all, the project aims to assess the performance of different network topologies in different avionic architectures, through the simulation and the mathematical assessment. The technologies used in this thesis benefit to find problems and faults in the beginning stage of the avionics architecture design in the industrial project, especially, in terms of guarantee the lossless service in avionics databus.
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Plouffe, Guillaume. "Real-Time Gesture-Based Posture Control of a Manipulator." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40096.
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Reaching a target quickly and accurately with a robotic arm containing multiple joints while avoiding moving and fixed obstacles can be a daunting (and sometimes impossible) task for any user behind the remote control. Current existing solutions are often hard to use and to scale for all user body types and robotic arm configurations. In this work, we propose a vision-based gesture recognition approach to naturally control the overall posture of a robotic arm using human hand gestures and an inverse kinematic exploration approach using the FABRIK algorithm. Three different methods are investigated to intuitively control a robotic arm's posture in real-time using depth data collected by a Kinect sensor. Each of the posture control methods are users scalable and compatible with most existing robotic arm configurations. In the first method, the user's right index fingertip position is mapped to compute the inverse kinematics on the robot. The inverse kinematics solutions are displayed in a graphical interface. Using this interface and the left hand, the user can intuitively browse and select a desired robotic arm posture. In the second method, the user's right index fingertip position and finger direction are respectively used to determine the end-effector position and an attraction point position. The latter enables the control of the robotic arm posture. In the third method, the user's right index finger is mapped to compute the inverse kinematics on the robot. Using static gesture with the same hand, the user's right index finger can be transformed into a virtual pen that can trace the form of the desired robotic arm posture. The trace can be visualized in real-time on a graphical interface. A search is then performed using an inverse kinematic exploration and the Dynamic Time Warping algorithm to select the closest matching possible posture. In the last two proposed methods, different search strategies to optimize the speed and the inverse kinematic exploration coverage are proposed. Using a combination of Greedy Best First search and an efficient selection of input postures based on the FABRIK's algorithm characteristics, these optimizations allow for smoother and more accurate posture control of the robotic arm. The performance of these real-time natural human control approaches is evaluated for precision and speed against static (i.e. fixed) and dynamic (i.e. moving) obstacles in a simulated experiment. An adaptation of the vision-based gesture recognition system to operate the AL5D robotic arm was also implemented to conduct further evaluation in a real-world environment. The results showed that the first and third methods were better suited for obstacle avoidance in static environments not requiring continuous posture changes. The second method gave excellent results in the dynamic environment experience and was able to complete a challenging pick and place task in a difficult real-world environment with static constraints.
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Lundgren, Berndt. "Real estate development a customer perspective /." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12158.
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Lide, David A., and Stephen Talabac. "The Use of Digital Signal Processors in Front-End Weather Satellite Telemetry Processing." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/608545.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 17-20, 1994 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California<br>This paper discusses the use of DSP technology in the embedded real time ingest and
pre-processing of weather satellite data. Specifically, case studies are presented in the
use of Texas Instrument TMS 320 processors as front-end handlers of GOES MODE
AAA and GOES GVAR data formats.
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Pinto, Inês. "Essays on portuguese real estate investment funds." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4258.
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Doutoramento em Gestão<br>Based on a sample of Portuguese real estate investment funds (REIFs), we aim with this thesis to have a better understanding about different issues related to financial reporting quality for this type of investment vehicle. In the first essay, we present an overview of the legal framework, environment and evolution of the Portuguese real estate investment fund market in the last decade. We provide information about the special features of this vehicle, as well as market performance, in order to justify why we believe that Portuguese REIFs constitute a unique set to study questions such as accounting choice, financial reporting quality, managerial discretion and earnings conservatism. In the second essay, we analyse fund managers' behaviour regarding unrealised capital gains and losses recognition in order to investigate which factors may influence the related accounting choices. Additionally, we also examine if fund managers are more or less conservative in capital gains and losses recognition. Finally, in the last essay, we analyse if REIFs' fund managers strategically manage net asset value changes in order to avoid a decline in fund's net asset value or to outperform market benchmarks. Comparing open-end and closed-end REIFs, we also investigate how funds' structure influences earnings management.<br>Com base numa amostra de fundos de investimento imobiliário Portugueses, pretendemos com esta tese contribuir para um melhor conhecimento de questões relativas à transparência e qualidade da informação financeira para este tipo de instrumento financeiro. No primeiro estudo, descrevemos o enquadramento jurídico, características especiais e evolução da performance destes fundos. É nosso objectivo apresentar as razões que nos levam a acreditar que esta amostra constitui um campo de estudo único para analisar questões relacionadas com escolhas contabilísticas, qualidade da informação financeira, gestão de resultados e conservadorismo. No segundo estudo, analisamos o comportamento dos gestores dos fundos relativamente ao reconhecimento dos ganhos ou perdas de capitais não realizados, avaliando quais os factores que podem influenciar esse mesmo comportamento. Investigamos ainda se estes gestores são mais ou menos conservadores no reconhecimento de tais ganhos ou perdas. Finalmente, no último estudo, avaliamos se os gestores dos fundos gerem de forma estratégica os valores contabilísticos dos activos de forma a evitar uma redução no valor líquido global do fundo ou a ultrapassar um índice de mercado. Comparando os fundos abertos com os fundos fechados, analisamos também como é que a estrutura do fundo pode influenciar a gestão dos resultados.
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Henry, J. Donald (Joseph Donald). "A case study and retrospective analysis of institutional open-end equity real estate funds : John Hancock equity real estate account, 1977-1987." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67274.
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RANGHETTI, CLARA. "TRA TERRA E CIELO. SPAZIO REALE E METAFORICO IN THE LAND’S END (1834) DI HARRIET MARTINEAU." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/931.
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Questa tesi esamina il significato e il ruolo che lo spazio ha assunto nella vita e nell’opera di Harriet Martineau.
Nella prima parte della tesi l’attaccamento al – o il rifiuto del – luogo, i.e., la casa, è stato ritenuto significativo per lo sviluppo identitario e il senso di benessere esperiti da Martineau.
Il racconto economico di Martineau datato 1834 e intitolato The Land’s End è stato scelto invece quale focus nella seconda parte della tesi – scelta basata sulla possibilità di illustrare una strategia narrativa che si avvale dell’utilizzo concreto e simbolico di immagini spaziali da parte della scrittrice.<br>This dissertation examines the meaning and the role of place in Harriet Martineau’s life and work.
In the first part of the dissertation, the attachment to – or rejection of – place, i.e. home, has been acknowledged as significant in Martineau’s development of self-identity and feeling of well-being.
Moreover, Martineau’s 1834 economic tale entitled The Land’s End has been chosen as the focus for the second part of the dissertation – a choice based on the possibility of showing the woman writer’s narrative strategy and use of space images in both a concrete and symbolic way.
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Thompson, Dean (Dean Barrie) 1974. "Dynamic reconfiguration under real-time constraints." Monash University, School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7991.
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Gläsner, Sebastian Michael. "Return patterns of German open-end real estate funds an empirical explanation of smooth fund returns." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000100030/04.
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Cosman, Vadim, and Kailash Chowdary. "End user interface for collecting and evaluating company data : Real-time data collection through web-scraping." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för information och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37740.
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The demand of open and reliable data, in the Era of Big Data is constantly increasing as thediversity of research and the need of trustworthy data as high-quality data is increasesconsiderably the quality of the findings . However, it is very hard to get reliable data for free witha small effort. With an immense progress of tools, on one hand for data scraping, data cleansing,data storing, and on the other hand so many platforms with data that can be scrapped, it isabsolutely crucial to make use of them and easily build data sets with real and trustworthy data,for free and in a user-friendly way. Using several available tools, an application with a graphicaluser interface (GUI) was developed. The possibilities of the applications are: collecting financialdata for any given list of companies, updating an existent data set, build a data set out of thewhole data warehouse(DW), based on several filters, make the data sets available to anyone whouses the application, and build simple visualization of the existent data. To make sure that‘garbage data in – garbage data out’ concept is avoided, a constant analysis of the data quality isperformed, and the quality of the data is adjusted so that it is ready for use in a research project.The work provides a viable solution for collecting data and making it borderless while respectingthe standards of data sharing. The application can collect data from 2 sources, with more than250 features per company. The application is updated with more functionalities and more sourcesof data.
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Schnejdar, Sebastian [Verfasser], and Steffen [Akademischer Betreuer] Sebastian. "Liquidity Transformation Risk: An Investigation of German Open-End Real Estate Funds / Sebastian Schnejdar ; Betreuer: Steffen Sebastian." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1163109193/34.
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Urman, Maxwell J. "The End of the Three Percent Rule: How Structural Changes in the U.S. Economy have Impacted Economic Growth." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1508.
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Using data from government sources (FRED, BEA, BLS), the thesis explores the underlying reasons for declining U.S. economic growth. A long standing trend of annual 3% growth no longer seems to hold true for the economy. The paper summarizes current theory as to why the growth has slowed and finds new explanations by analyzing the various major industries which make up GDP. The results show that sectoral shifts in employment from high paying industries to low paying industries help to explain a significant portion of the decline in national growth rates. The decline in growth is primarily driven by about ten poor performing states.
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Barrow, William C. "The Euclid Heights Allotment: a Palimpsest of the Nineteenth Century Search for Real Estate Value in Cleveland's East End." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1458127770.
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Yu, Zhixiang. "Investor sentiment and fund market anomalies : evidence from closed-end fund, exchange-traded fund and real estate investment trust." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10540/.
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The investor sentiment hypothesis has become a promising avenue by way of a behavioural approach to complementing conventional explanations of financial market anomalies. In response to the problems exhibited in the existing theories, the investor sentiment hypothesis has been widely tested and the results of which turn out to be able to successfully explain the market anomalies to a great extent. The thesis applies the investor sentiment theory to analysing the fund anomalies in both the UK and US markets. The test results and their interpretations may help promote a better understanding of the investor sentiment and its impacts including their geographical differences. We contribute to the literature by focusing on the sentiment measures, among others. Since the investor sentiment reflects the investors’ behaviour and psychology, it is hard to be properly captured. We have constructed the proxies for the sentiment factor in both direct and indirect forms. The first fund anomaly we analysed is the “closed-end fund puzzle”. The puzzle is so-called because at IPO, the fund is issued at a premium to the net asset value (NAV); however, thispremium disappears in the next few months. The fund then trades at a discount. This discount is not fixed, varying substantially during the closure period. When the closed-end fund is either converted into an open-end fund or liquidated, the discount shrinks and the share price will rise. We construct an out-of-sample test by using the two-factor and five-factor models. The results show that the investor sentiment can contribute to explaining closed-end fund discounts in the UK market and it is more prevalent in smaller size portfolios. We also find the evidence to support investor sentiment as an important factor to represent systematic risk in the return generating process. Next, we examine the price deviations of Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs). Unlike closed end funds whose prices also deviate from the NAV, ETFs, through a mechanism known as redemption in-kind, allow institutional investors to potentially earn a profit by arbitraging away these price deviations through creating and deleting outstanding shares of the ETF. Hence, we are motivated to identify the factors that may impact on the determination of these premiums and discounts to the NAV. We first construct a sentiment proxy from the derivative market variables such as the option put–call trading volume ratio and the open interest ratio. Then we develop a sentiment proxy based on the consumer confidence index, obtained from the mainstream consumer surveys and this proxy is taken to the individual fund level. The results provide evidence that this sentiment proxy has explanatory power for most individual ETF mispricing. We take the whole industry into account and find that the sentiment factor has incremental explanatory power and is positively related to the fund premium. The evidence also shows that more sentiment-sensitive ETFs are those that have smaller, younger and volatile stocks with low dividend yields. Finally, the thesis considers the fund anomaly in the form of the REIT price momentum. In order to investigate the momentum profitability, we classify the formation period into two sentiment states, i.e. the optimistic and pessimistic periods. Evidence indicates that when sentiment is high, the REIT momentum profitability is substantial and significant; however, when the sentiment is low, the profits from the REIT momentum are much lower and not significant. We also examine the interplay between REIT liquidity and momentum profitability. We find that high REIT liquidity portfolios generate higher momentum returns, but this is only significant when the sentiment is optimistic. Furthermore, consistent with our previous findings, our evidence that momentum is generally larger for smaller companies confirms that the size effect is still available in the REIT industry. This is because the smaller companies are often difficult to value, as they are more prone to subjective evaluations. The sentiment thus could be more significant in small size companies.
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Jonsson, Bertil. "Interaction between humans and car seats : studies of occupant seat adjustment, posture, position, and real world neck injuries in rear-end impacts." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1636.
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Background: The latest generation of rear-end whiplash protection systems, as found in the WHIPS Volvo and SAHR Saab, have reduced injury rates by almost 50% in comparison with the previous generation of seat/head restraint systems. Occupant behaviour, such as seated posture and seat adjustment settings, may affect the injury risk. Method: Five studies were conducted. Studie I was an injury outcome study based on insurance data. Studies II-IV investigated seat adjustment, occupant backset, and cervical retraction for drivers and occupants in different postures and positions in the car, during stationary and driving conditions. Study V compared the occupant data from studies II and III with a vehicle testing tool, the BioRID dummy, using the protocols of the ISO, RCAR, and the RCAR-IIWPG. Results: Female drivers and passengers had a threefold increased risk for medically-impairing neck injury in rear-end impacts, compared to males. Driver position had a double risk compared with front passenger seat position. Female drivers adjusted the driver seat differently to male drivers; they sat higher and closer to the steering wheel and with more upright back support. The volunteers also adjusted their seat differently to the ISO, RCAR, and RCAR-IIWPG protocol settings; both sexes sat further away from the steering wheel, and seat back angle was more upright then in the protocols. In stationary cars, backset was highest in the rear seat position and lowest in the front passenger seat position. Males had a larger backset than females. Cervical retraction decreased and backset increased for both sexes when posture changed from self-selected posture to a slouched posture. The BioRID II dummy was found to represent 96th percentile female in stature, and a 69th percentile female in weight in the volunteer group. Conclusions: Risks in car rear-end impacts differ by sex and seated position. This thesis indicates the need for a 50th percentile female BioRID dummy and re-evaluation of the ISO, RCAR, and RCAR-IIWPG protocols, and further development of new safety systems to protect occupants in rear-end impacts.
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Gatton, Tim. "Using Telemetry Front-end Equipment and Network Attached Storage Connected to Form a Real-time Data Recording and Playback System." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605316.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, California<br>The use of traditional telemetry decommutation equipment can be easily expanded to create a real-time
pulse code modulation (PCM) telemetry data recorder. However, there are two areas that create
unique demands where architectural investment is required: the PCM output stage and the storage
stage. This paper details the efforts to define the requirements and limits of a traditional telemetry
system when used as a real-time, multistream PCM data recorder with time tagging.
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Van, den Heever Ruan. "Real time remote heart rate & ECG monitoring for the modern sport scientist : a front end design / Ruan van den Heever." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4329.
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Bourne, SteÌfanie. "Away from end product or genre : a protocol as artistic language : evolving a critical framework for contemporary visual art practice in the public (or social) realm : 2000-2003." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441577.
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Mai, Timo [Verfasser], Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Weigel, Robert [Gutachter] Weigel, and Ralf [Gutachter] Brederlow. "A Real-Time Capable and Configurable Analog Front-End for SAR-ADCs / Timo Mai ; Gutachter: Robert Weigel, Ralf Brederlow ; Betreuer: Robert Weigel." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233010557/34.
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Atkisson, Michael Alton. "Utility of Feedback Given by Students During Courses." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6701.
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This two-article dissertation summarizes the end-of-course survey and formative feedback literatures, as well as proposes actionability as a useful construct in the analysis of feedback from students captured in real-time during their courses. The present inquiry grew out of my work as the founder of DropThought Education, a Division of DropThought. DropThought Education was a student feedback system that helped instructional designers, instructors, and educational systems to use feedback from students to improve learning and student experience. To find out whether the DropThought style of feedback was more effective than other forms of capturing and analyzing student feedback, I needed to (1) examine the formative feedback literature and (2) test DropThought style feedback against traditional feedback forms. The method and theory proposed demonstrates that feedback from students can be specific and actionable when captured in the moment at students' activity level, in their own words. Application of the real-time feedback approach are relevant to practitioners and researchers alike, whether an instructor looking to improve her class activities, or a learning scientist carrying out interventionist, design-based research.
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Benammar, Nassima. "Modélisation, évaluation et validation des systèmes temps réel distribués." Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2282/document.
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Dans cette thèse, nous analysons les réseaux des systèmes temps-réel distribués et plus particulièrement ceux des domaines de l’avionique et de l’automobile. Nous nous sommes focalisés sur deux protocoles : « Avionic Full DupleX Switched Ethernet » (AFDX), « Audio Vidéo Bridging Ethernet » (AVB). Dans ces domaines critiques, le déterminisme du réseau doit être garanti. Il consiste, notamment, en la détermination d’une borne garantie du délai de bout en bout de traversée du réseau pour chaque trame ; et un dimensionnement des files d’attente des trames suffisamment grand pour garantir qu’aucune d’entre elle ne débordera et ainsi, éviter toute perte de trame.Il existe plusieurs méthodes pour l’évaluation des délais et nous avons, principalement, travaillé sur la méthode « Forward end-to-end delay Analysis » (FA). FA avait déjà été définie avec la politique d’ordonnancement « First-In-First-Out » dans le contexte de l’AFDX. Nous sommes repartis de cette approche, nous l’avons reformulé et généralisé à n’importe quel réseau Ethernet commuté. Nous l’avons aussi étendu aux priorités statiques et au protocole AVB et sa politique de service « Credit Based Shaper ». Pour chaque contribution, des démonstrations formelles ont été présentées et une expérimentation incluant une comparaison de FA avec les principales approches d’évaluation sur un exemple industriel. Finalement, nous avons développé et démontré formellement une approche pour le dimensionnement des files d’attente en termes de nombre de trames. Cette approche a été expérimentée également sur une configuration industrielle<br>In this thesis, we analyze networks in the context of distributed real-time systems, especially in the fields of avionics, with “Avionics Full DupleX Switched Ethernet” (AFDX), and automobile, with “Audio Video Bridging Ethernet” (AVB). For such applications, network determinism needs to be guaranteed. It involves, in particular, assessing a guaranteed bound on the end-to-end traversal time across the network fr each frame; and dimensioning the buffers in order to avoid any loss of frame because of a buffer overflow.There are several methods for worst-case delay analysis, and we have mainly worked on the “Forward end-to-end Delay Analysis” (FA) method. FA had already been developed for “First-In-First-Out” scheduling policy in the AFDX context, so we generalized it to any Switched Ethernet network. We have also extended it to handle static priorities and the AVB protocol, shaping policy named “Credit Based Shaper” (CBS). Each contribution has been formaly proved and experiments have been led on industrial configurations. For our experimentations, we have compared our results with the results of competing approaches. Finally, we have developed and formally demonstrated an approach for buffer dimensioning in terms of number of frames. This approach has also been tested on an industrial configuration and has produced tight bounds
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Sultanov, Rustam. "An Analysis Of The Performance Of Investment Companies: Evidence From The Istanbul Stock Exchange." Thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12612088/index.pdf.
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The purpose of this master&rsquo<br>s thesis is to evaluate the performance of investment companies, namely Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and Closed-End Funds (CEFs) in Turkey. In this study, three different models are used to evaluate the risk adjusted performances of Turkish investment companies. These models are: 1) the single-factor CAPM<br>2) the Fama-French three-factor model<br>and 3) the Carhart&rsquo<br>s four factor model.
The results of this study indicate that for the sample period from January 1997 to December 2009, Turkish REITs and Turkish CEFs neither overperform nor underperform the overall market. Intercepts in almost all models are statistically significantly not different from zero, implying that both REITs and CEFs are earning their expected returns. The results are robust to different models used in this study. Among employed models, the Fama-French three-factor model is the best in explaining the returns on both REITs and CEFs. In general, coefficients of the size and the book-to-market equity risk factors are significant and positive. The explanatory power of the regressions does not improve with the Carhart&rsquo<br>s four-factor model, since momentum factors have statistically insignificant coefficients in all regressions.
Findings of this study have an important implication for the efficiency of the Istanbul Stock Exchange. The inability of professional money managers to beat the overall market could be taken as an evidence in favor of the ISE being either semi-strong or strong form efficient. On the other hand, lack of skills on the part of Turkish fund managers might be another explanation for their inability to surpass the performance of the overall market.
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Ascha, Mustafa Steven. "Incidence and Treatment of Brain Metastases Arising from Lung, Breast, or Skin Cancers: Real-World Evidence from Primary Cancer Registries and Medicare Claims." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1554481284740082.
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Vesterberg, Mattias. "Power to the people : electricity demand and household behavior." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-130933.
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Paper [I] Using a unique and highly detailed data set on energy consumption at the appliance-level for 200 Swedish households, seemingly unrelated regression (SUR)-based end-use specific load curves are estimated. The estimated load curves are then used to explore possible restrictions on load shifting (e.g. the office hours schedule) as well as the cost implications of different load shift patterns. The cost implications of shifting load from "expensive" to "cheap" hours, using the Nord Pool spot prices as a proxy for a dynamic price, are computed to be very small; roughly 2-4% reduction in total daily costs from shifting load up to five hours ahead, indicating small incentives for households (and retailers) to adopt dynamic pricing of electricity. Paper [II] Using a detailed data set on appliance-level electricity consumption at the hourly level, we provide the first estimates of hourly and end-use-specific income elasticities for electricity. Such estimates are informative about how consumption patterns in general, and peak demand in particular, will develop as households’ income changes. We find that the income elasticities are highest during peak hours for kitchen and lighting, with point estimates of roughly 0.4, but insignificant for space heating. Paper [III] In this paper, I estimate the price elasticity of electricity as a function of the choice between fixed-price and variable-price contracts. Further, assuming that households have imperfect information about electricity prices and usage, I explore how media coverage of electricity prices affects electricity demand, both by augmenting price responsiveness and as a direct effect of media coverage on electricity demand, independent of prices. I also address the endogeneity of the choice of electricity contract. The parameters in the model are estimated using unique and detailed Swedish panel data on monthly household-level electricity consumption. I find that price elasticities range between −0.025 and −0.07 at the mean level of media coverage, depending on contract choice, and that households with monthly variation in electricity prices respond more to prices when there is extensive media coverage of electricity prices. When media coverage is high, for example 840 news articles per month (which corresponds to the mean plus two standard deviations), the price elasticity is −0.12, or 1.7 times the elasticity at the mean media coverage. Similarly, media coverage is also found to have a direct effect on electricity demand. Paper [IV] I explore how households switch between fixed-price and variable-price electricity contracts in response to variations in price and temperature, conditional on previous contract choice. Using panel data with roughly 54000 Swedish households, a dynamic probit model is estimated. The results suggest that the choice of contract exhibits substantial state dependence, with an estimated marginal effect of previous contractchoiceof0.96, andthattheeffectofvariationinpricesandtemperatureonthechoice of electricity contract is small. Further, the state dependence and price responsiveness are similar across housing types, income levels and other dimensions. A plausible explanation of these results is that transaction costs are larger than the relatively small cost savings from switching between contracts.
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Bérard-Deroche, Émilie. "Distribution d'une architecture modulaire intégrée dans un contexte hélicoptère." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/19923/1/BERARD_DEROCHE_Emilie.pdf.
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Les architectures modulaires intégrées (IMA) sont une évolution majeure de l'architecture des systèmes avioniques. Elles permettent à plusieurs systèmes de se partager des ressources matérielles sans interférer dans leur fonctionnement grâce à un partitionnement spatial (zones mémoires prédéfinies) et temporel (ordonnancement statique) dans les processeurs ainsi qu'une réservation des ressources sur les réseaux empruntés. Ces allocations statiques permettent de vérifier le déterminisme général des différents systèmes: chaque système doit respecter des exigences de bout-en-bout dans une architecture asynchrone. Une étude pire cas permet d'évaluer les situations amenant aux limites du système et de vérifier que les exigences de bouten- bout sont satisfaites dans tous les cas. Les architectures IMA utilisés dans les avions centralisent physiquement des modules de calcul puissants dans des baies avioniques. Dans le cadre d'une étude de cas hélicoptère, ces baies ne sont pas envisageables pour des raisons d'encombrement: des processeurs moins puissants, utilisés à plus de 80%, composent ces architectures. Pour ajouter de nouvelles fonctionnalités ainsi que de nouveaux équipements, le souhait est de distribuer la puissance de traitement sur un plus grand nombre de processeurs dans le cadre d'une architecture globale asynchrone. Deux problématiques fortes ont été mises en avant tout au long de cette thèse. La première est la répartition des fonctions avioniques associée à une contrainte d'ordonnancement hors-ligne sur les différents processeurs. La deuxième est la satisfaction des exigences de communication de bout-en-bout, dépendantes de l'allocation et l'ordonnancement des fonctions ainsi que des latences de communication sur les réseaux. La contribution majeure de cette thèse est la recherche d'un compromis entre la distribution des architectures IMA sur un plus grand nombre de processeurs et la satisfaction des exigences de communication de bout-en-bout. Nous répondons à cet enjeu de la manière suivante: - Nous formalisons dans un premier temps un modèle de partitions communicantes tenant en compte des contraintes d'allocation et d'ordonnancement des partitions d'une part et des contraintes de communication de bout-en-bout entre partitions d'autre part. - Nous présentons dans un deuxième temps une recherche exhaustive des architectures valides. Nous proposons l'allocation successive des fonctions avioniques en considérant au même niveau la problématique d'ordonnancement et la satisfaction des exigences de bout-en-bout avec des latences de communication figées. Cette méthode itérative permet de construire des allocations de partitions partiellement valides. La construction des ordonnancements dans chacun des processeurs est cependant une démarche coûteuse dans le cadre d'une recherche exhaustive. - Nous avons conçu dans un troisième temps une heuristique gloutonne pour réduire l'espace de recherche associé aux ordonnancements. Elle permet de répondre aux enjeux de distribution d'une architecture IMA dans un contexte hélicoptère. - Nous nous intéressons dans un quatrième temps à l'impact des latences de communication de bout-en-bout sur des architectures distribuées données. Nous proposons pour celles-ci les choix de réseaux basés sur les latences de communication admissibles entre les différentes fonctions avioniques. Les méthodes que nous proposons répondent au besoin industriel de l'étude de cas hélicoptère, ainsi qu'à celui de systèmes de plus grande taille.
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Ekström, Jens-Ola. "Ljungan Virus Replication in Cell Culture." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Kalmar, Naturvetenskapliga institutionen, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-10.
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Ljungan virus (LV) is a recently identified picornavirus of the genus Parechovirus. LV has been isolated from voles trapped in Sweden and also in the United States. LV infected small rodents may suffer from diabetes type 1 and type 2 like symptoms, myocarditis and encephalitis. LV has been proposed as a human pathogen, with indications of causing diabetes type 1, myocarditis and intrauterine fetal deaths. In this thesis, cell culture adapted LV strains were utilised for development and adaptation of several basic methodological protocols to study the LV biology, e.g. real time PCR, highly specific antibodies and a reverse genetics system. These methods allowed detailed studies of this virus and how it interacts with the host cell. The genomic 5'-end was identified and modelling showed unique secondary structure folding of this region. The LV encodes an aphthovirus-like 2A protein with a DvExNPGP motif. This motif was found to mediate primary cleavage of the LV polyprotein in vitro and is proposed to constitute the carboxy terminus of the structural protein VP1 in LV. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies generated against recombinant structural proteins were used to verify that the LV virion is composed of the structural proteins VP0, VP1 and VP3. Cell culture studies showed that LV replicates to low titer with an absent or delayed cell lysis. LV is proposed to be able to spread by a, for picornaviruses, not previously demonstrated direct cell-to-cell transmission. All results taken together suggest a maintenance strategy of LV including low amounts of the LV genome and persistently infected hosts. Stability studies showed that the LV virion not only maintain activity in acidic and alkaline environments but also exhibit resistance to the commonly used disinfectant Virkon®.The results presented in this thesis show that LV has several unique properties, not previously observed for a picornavirus.
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Vandenbussche-Cont, Marie. "La scène théâtrale contemporaine au plus proche du réel pluriel : quels recommencements?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA031.
Full textAbstract:
Les auteurs de théâtre (ou les duos auteur/metteur en scène), sur lesquels porte notre étude, s’intéressent au réel dans sa pluralité, sans avoir d’image du monde : ils semblent avoir intégré « la fin du monde ». Leur écriture s’inscrit de plain-pied dans le monde « démondé » qui est le nôtre. Elle cherche à se situer au plus près de la profusion et de la dispersion, qui le caractérisent. Mais l’ambition de ces artistes n’est pas simplement de manifester la fin du monde. Ils sont dans l’après, dans l’urgence de sentir (ou de donner à sentir) à quoi elle peut ouvrir : à quelle vie vivable ? à quelle possibilité d’habiter le réel ? S’ils ont fait le deuil du monde comme tout-structure et d’une place revenant à l’homme au sein d’une telle ordonnance, ils n’ont pas fait le deuil, en revanche, de la possibilité de (re)faire monde. Leur geste semble sous-tendu par la nécessité d’ouvrir à un tel recommencement.Au sein du corpus étudié, la thèse repère trois veines théâtrales, ouvrant à trois types de praxis du monde : premièrement, un théâtre de l’approbation du réel (celui de Philippe Dorin et Michel Froehly) ; deuxièmement, des théâtres de la réeffectuation du réel (ceux de Pascal Rambert et d’Olivier Cadiot et Ludovic Lagarde) ; enfin, troisièmement, des théâtres ouvrant, ne serait-ce qu’un temps, à la possibilité d’une « conversion » de monde (ceux de Joël Pommerat, Jan Lauwers et Nature Theater of Oklahoma). Elle s’intéresse aux formes que ces théâtres inventent pour représenter ou mettre en oeuvre ces recommencements, et ce faisant, redonner « croyance au monde ». Car l’enjeu, majoritairement, semble bien être d’inventer un théâtre de la « croyance au monde »<br>Authors/directors (or author / director duets) analyzed in our study are interested in the real in its plurality, without having an image of the world: they seem to have integrated "the end of the world". Their writing is fully inscribed in our “deworlded”world. It seeks to be located as close as possible to the profusion and thedispersion which characterize it. But the ambition of these artists is not just to showthe end of the world. They deal with what comes after, in a hurry to feel (or to givethe feeling of) what this end can open to: to which life worth living? to whichpossibility to inhabit the real? If they have mourned the world as a whole-structureand a place for men in such an order, they have not mourned, however, thepossibility of (re)doing (the) world. Their gestures seem underpinned by the need toopen to such new beginnings.Within the corpus we have studied, this dissertation identifies three theatrical veins,opening to three types of praxes of the world: first, a theater of the approval of thereal (that of Philippe Dorin and Michel Froehly); second, theaters of the remakingof the real (those of Pascal Rambert, and of Olivier Cadiot and Ludovic Lagarde);third, theaters opening, if only one moment, to the possibility of a “conversion” ofthe world (those of Joël Pommerat, Jan Lauwers, and Nature Theater of Oklahoma).It analyzes the forms which these theaters invent to represent or implement thesenew beginnings, and in doing so restore a “belief in the world”. What is at stake, inmost cases, seems to be the invention of a theater of the “belief in the world”
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Geitner, Gert-Helge. "Bewegungssteuerungen auf Basis des Hybriden Funktionsplanes." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-118700.
Full textAbstract:
Für ereignisgesteuerte Systeme mit mehrdimensionalen Bewegungsabläufen wurde im Fachausschuss 4.12 "Bewegungssteuerungen für Be- und Verarbeitungsmaschinen" der VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik (GMA) die VDI/VDE-Richtlinie 3684 "Beschreibung ereignisgesteuerter Bewegungsabläufe mit Funktionsplänen" als interdisziplinär verständliches und anschauliches Dokumentationsmittel und Entwurfswerkzeug erarbeitet. Mit der Blockbibliothek Funktionsplan auf Grundlage der in der Richtlinie 3684 vorgeschlagenen Systembeschreibung ist ein durchgängiger Entwurfsweg bis zur Überprüfung des Systemverhaltens ereignisgesteuerter Systeme mittels Simulation einschließlich frühzeitiger Erkennung von Fehlern im Entwurfsprozess und Kodegenerierung möglich. Die FUP Blockbibliothek liegt als Erweiterungs-Blockbibliothek für SIMULINK vor und wurde hinsichtlich ihrer wesentlichen Eigenschaften zur Simulation von ereignisgesteuerten Prozessen speziell in mechatronischen Systemen entwickelt. Die Blockikonen gewährleisten schon nach kurzer Einarbeitungszeit einen sicheren Einsatz der Blöcke, damit kann auf Blockkürzel im Sinne der Richtlinie zwecks besserer Übersichtlichkeit verzichtet werden. Zweisprachige Blockhilfen sind in Version 3.1 für alle Blöcke on-line verfügbar. Graphisch programmierte Funktionspläne können mittels Toolbox Funktionsplanprüfung vorzugsweise über GUI, bei Bedarf auch durch MATLAB Skripte, auf Eingabe- und Programmierfehler geprüft werden. Die Prüfung kann wahlweise vollständig oder auf ausgewählte Fehler erfolgen. Ergebnisausgaben sind entweder in gestraffter Form oder ausführlich einschließlich von Hinweisen möglich. Überprüft werden können Parameter (z.B. Zustands- u. FUP-Nummern, Variablen, Fehlerbehandlung), Syntax (vgl. Richtlinie), Sackgassen (erste/alle) und Rückführschleifen (Entkopplung). Hybride Funktionspläne sind in Echtzeitkode für eine Zielhardware übersetzbar. Voraussetzung ist ein Standard ANSI C Compiler. Die Blockbibliothek Funktionsplan ist eine kostengünstige, richtliniennahe Alternative und ermöglicht eine vom Normalablauf separate, graphisch programmierte Fehlerbehandlung ohne Verlust an Übersichtlichkeit. Die Anwendung der Blöcke wird durch 11 Beispiele veranschaulicht<br>The department committee 4.12 "Motion control of machine tools and processing machines" of the VDI/VDE Society for Measurement and Automatic Control (GMA) has established a manufacturer-neutral guideline No. 3684 for event-driven systems with multi-dimensional motion sequences. This guide-line is entitled "Description of event-driven motion processes by function charts" and constitutes a graphically clear design and documentation tool that is well-suited for interdisciplinary application. The block library Function Chart has been defined based on system descriptions suggested in guideline 3684. This library makes available a uniform design procedure. It covers the documentation, the behaviour test of event-driven systems by means of simulation including the early detection of design process faults, the test of realization variants as well as the code generation. Block library Function Chart is an add-on library for SIMULINK. With regard to its essential features it has been developed for the design, simulation, code generation and the description of event-driven systems especially for mechatronics, mechanical and electrical engineering. The created block icons make it possible to get familiar with add-on library Function Chart within a short period of time whereupon block mnemonics may be hidden in order to get a high graphical clearness and to fulfil the requirements of the guideline. Versions 3.1 bilingual on-line block help is available for all blocks. Graphically programmed function charts may be checked for input and programming errors preferably with help of Toolbox "Function Chart Check" by means of GUI's and if necessary also by MATLAB scripts. The check may be done completely or alternatively for selected errors. Output of result is possible either in detail inclusively eventual hints or in shortened form. A function chart may be checked for parameter errors (e.g. state and FUP numbers, variables, error handling), syntax errors (see guideline), dead ends (first or all) and uncoupled loops (arithmetic loops). Standard ANSI C compiler availability stands for a precondition for real time code generation. The block library Function Chart offers a reasonable alternative and allows separate motion error handling sequences which are separated from normal motion sequences without any loss of a well-ordered graphical arrangement. Currently 11 examples demonstrate the application of the blocks
45
Geitner, Gert-Helge. "Bewegungssteuerungen auf Basis des Hybriden Funktionsplanes." Technische Universität Dresden, 2000. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27062.
Full textAbstract:
Für ereignisgesteuerte Systeme mit mehrdimensionalen Bewegungsabläufen wurde im Fachausschuss 4.12 "Bewegungssteuerungen für Be- und Verarbeitungsmaschinen" der VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik (GMA) die VDI/VDE-Richtlinie 3684 "Beschreibung ereignisgesteuerter Bewegungsabläufe mit Funktionsplänen" als interdisziplinär verständliches und anschauliches Dokumentationsmittel und Entwurfswerkzeug erarbeitet. Mit der Blockbibliothek Funktionsplan auf Grundlage der in der Richtlinie 3684 vorgeschlagenen Systembeschreibung ist ein durchgängiger Entwurfsweg bis zur Überprüfung des Systemverhaltens ereignisgesteuerter Systeme mittels Simulation einschließlich frühzeitiger Erkennung von Fehlern im Entwurfsprozess und Kodegenerierung möglich. Die FUP Blockbibliothek liegt als Erweiterungs-Blockbibliothek für SIMULINK vor und wurde hinsichtlich ihrer wesentlichen Eigenschaften zur Simulation von ereignisgesteuerten Prozessen speziell in mechatronischen Systemen entwickelt. Die Blockikonen gewährleisten schon nach kurzer Einarbeitungszeit einen sicheren Einsatz der Blöcke, damit kann auf Blockkürzel im Sinne der Richtlinie zwecks besserer Übersichtlichkeit verzichtet werden. Zweisprachige Blockhilfen sind in Version 3.1 für alle Blöcke on-line verfügbar. Graphisch programmierte Funktionspläne können mittels Toolbox Funktionsplanprüfung vorzugsweise über GUI, bei Bedarf auch durch MATLAB Skripte, auf Eingabe- und Programmierfehler geprüft werden. Die Prüfung kann wahlweise vollständig oder auf ausgewählte Fehler erfolgen. Ergebnisausgaben sind entweder in gestraffter Form oder ausführlich einschließlich von Hinweisen möglich. Überprüft werden können Parameter (z.B. Zustands- u. FUP-Nummern, Variablen, Fehlerbehandlung), Syntax (vgl. Richtlinie), Sackgassen (erste/alle) und Rückführschleifen (Entkopplung). Hybride Funktionspläne sind in Echtzeitkode für eine Zielhardware übersetzbar. Voraussetzung ist ein Standard ANSI C Compiler. Die Blockbibliothek Funktionsplan ist eine kostengünstige, richtliniennahe Alternative und ermöglicht eine vom Normalablauf separate, graphisch programmierte Fehlerbehandlung ohne Verlust an Übersichtlichkeit. Die Anwendung der Blöcke wird durch 11 Beispiele veranschaulicht.:1. Einleitung
2. Ausgangspunkt Arbeitsdiagramm
3. Hybrider Funktionsplan
3.1 Begriffsbestimmung
3.2 Anwendungsbeispiel
3.3 Vom Arbeitsdiagramm zum Hybriden Funktionsplan
4. Steuerungstechnische Umsetzung
4.1 Auswahl einer Basissoftware
4.2 Maschinenkodeerzeugung mit der Basissoftware
5. Projektierung mit FUP
5.1 Eigenschaften der SIMULINK Blockbibliothek FUP
5.2 Projektierungsschritte
6. Ausblick<br>The department committee 4.12 "Motion control of machine tools and processing machines" of the VDI/VDE Society for Measurement and Automatic Control (GMA) has established a manufacturer-neutral guideline No. 3684 for event-driven systems with multi-dimensional motion sequences. This guide-line is entitled "Description of event-driven motion processes by function charts" and constitutes a graphically clear design and documentation tool that is well-suited for interdisciplinary application. The block library Function Chart has been defined based on system descriptions suggested in guideline 3684. This library makes available a uniform design procedure. It covers the documentation, the behaviour test of event-driven systems by means of simulation including the early detection of design process faults, the test of realization variants as well as the code generation. Block library Function Chart is an add-on library for SIMULINK. With regard to its essential features it has been developed for the design, simulation, code generation and the description of event-driven systems especially for mechatronics, mechanical and electrical engineering. The created block icons make it possible to get familiar with add-on library Function Chart within a short period of time whereupon block mnemonics may be hidden in order to get a high graphical clearness and to fulfil the requirements of the guideline. Versions 3.1 bilingual on-line block help is available for all blocks. Graphically programmed function charts may be checked for input and programming errors preferably with help of Toolbox "Function Chart Check" by means of GUI's and if necessary also by MATLAB scripts. The check may be done completely or alternatively for selected errors. Output of result is possible either in detail inclusively eventual hints or in shortened form. A function chart may be checked for parameter errors (e.g. state and FUP numbers, variables, error handling), syntax errors (see guideline), dead ends (first or all) and uncoupled loops (arithmetic loops). Standard ANSI C compiler availability stands for a precondition for real time code generation. The block library Function Chart offers a reasonable alternative and allows separate motion error handling sequences which are separated from normal motion sequences without any loss of a well-ordered graphical arrangement. Currently 11 examples demonstrate the application of the blocks.:1. Einleitung
2. Ausgangspunkt Arbeitsdiagramm
3. Hybrider Funktionsplan
3.1 Begriffsbestimmung
3.2 Anwendungsbeispiel
3.3 Vom Arbeitsdiagramm zum Hybriden Funktionsplan
4. Steuerungstechnische Umsetzung
4.1 Auswahl einer Basissoftware
4.2 Maschinenkodeerzeugung mit der Basissoftware
5. Projektierung mit FUP
5.1 Eigenschaften der SIMULINK Blockbibliothek FUP
5.2 Projektierungsschritte
6. Ausblick
46
Essex, Aleksander. "Cryptographic End-to-end Verification for Real-world Elections." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6817.
Full textAbstract:
In this dissertation we study the problem of making electronic voting trustworthy through the use of cryptographic end-to-end (E2E) audits. In particular, we present a series of novel proposals for cryptographic election verification with a focus on real-world practicality. We begin by outlining fundamental requirements of E2E election verification, important properties for a real-world settings, and provide a review of previous and concurrent related work. Our research results are then presented across three parts.
In the first part we examine how E2E election verification can be made more procedurally familiar to real-world voters and election administrators. We propose and implement an E2E add-on for conventional optical-scan based voting systems, and highlight our experiences running an election using this system in a United States municipality.
In the second part we examine how E2E election verification can be made more conceptually and procedurally simple for election verifiers/auditors. We present a non-cryptographic E2E system based on physical document security assumptions as an educational tool. We extend this system to a cryptographic setting to show how the procedures of cryptographic election verification can be completed with relatively tiny software code bases, or by using common-place programs such as a desktop spreadsheet. We then present an approach that allows verifiers to conduct cryptographic audits without having to plan for it prior to an election.
In the third part we examine how the methods in the first part can be extended to provide a level of privacy/distribution of trust similar to that of classical cryptographic voting protocols, while maintaining the (comparatively) intuitive optical-scan interface. To that end, we propose a novel paradigm for secure distributed document printing that allows optical-scan ballots to be printed in a way that still lets voters check their ballots have been counted, while keeping their voting preferences secret from election officials and everyone else.
Finally we outline how the results obtained in each of the three parts can be combined to create a cryptographically end-to-end verifiable voting system that simultaneously offers a conventional optical-scan ballot, ballot secrecy assured by a distribution of trust, and a simple, cryptographically austere set of audit procedures.
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Chin-Fu, Kuo. "Real-Time Resource Management for End-to-End Deadlines." 2005. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-0507200517451700.
Full text
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Chen, Kwei-Bor, and 陳奎伯. "An End-to-End Synchronization Approach for Real-Time Multimedia Traffic on ATM Network." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52497065027800333225.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>資訊工程研究所<br>83<br>Broadband ISDNs (B-ISDN) use ATM as its backbone transmission
network. It supports various transmission rates and several
data types of multimedia data communication. However, during
the transmission, the congestion on each switching node may
cause the different types of multimedia data arrive the
destination synchronously or in time and then arises the
problem of playout synchronization. This paper presents a high-
level view of the requirements to guarantee the real-time
multimedia traffic performance in an ATM switching network. The
main goal for the end-to-end synchronization of multimedia
traffic is to control the quality-of-service (QOS) and reduce
the variable delay, e.g. queuingdelay, to meet the restriction
of the total end-to-end delay, so that the transmitted data can
be delivered to the destination in time before the associated
playout time. We propose a multiple-queue scheme to offer the
different service throughput to meet the required delay time.
From the standpoint of cell loss, when the associated queue is
full, we dynamically select a faster non-full queue to serve.
Thus, we handle the cell loss rate as well as reduce the
variable delay time. After simulation of our proposed policy,
the results indicate that under the same traffic load, it
brings a little better cell loss rate but a significant cell
delay QOS than the other buffer management schemes. By means of
the principle of simplicity, we show that our method achieves a
better average QOS for the real-time multimedia traffic.
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"An end-to-end adaptation algorithm for best effort video delivery over Internet." 1998. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889560.
Full textAbstract:
by Walter Chi-Woon Fung.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-[67]).<br>Abstract also in Chinese.<br>Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.2 --- Limitation of Existing Research --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.3 --- Contributions of This Thesis --- p.3<br>Chapter 1.4 --- Organization of the Thesis --- p.4<br>Chapter 2 --- Related Work --- p.5<br>Chapter 2.1 --- Ongoing Efforts For The Support of Real Time Applications on the Internet - RTP --- p.5<br>Chapter 2.2 --- Using the Algorithm on top of RTP --- p.7<br>Chapter 3 --- An Adaptive Video Retrieval Algorithm --- p.9<br>Chapter 3.1 --- Lossless Environment --- p.9<br>Chapter 3.1.1 --- Adapting the Request Rate to the Available Bandwidth --- p.12<br>Chapter 3.2 --- Lossy Environment --- p.17<br>Chapter 3.2.1 --- Adapting Ar in Lossy Environment --- p.20<br>Chapter 3.3 --- Adjusting the Window Size --- p.24<br>Chapter 3.4 --- Measurement Issues --- p.27<br>Chapter 3.5 --- Mapping between Data Rate and Frame Rate --- p.28<br>Chapter 4 --- Rate Measurement --- p.30<br>Chapter 4.1 --- Arrival Rate Estimation --- p.30<br>Chapter 4.2 --- Loss Rate Estimation --- p.32<br>Chapter 5 --- Frame Skipping and Stuffing --- p.37<br>Chapter 5.1 --- MPEG-1 Video Stream Basics --- p.37<br>Chapter 5.2 --- Frame Skipping --- p.38<br>Chapter 5.3 --- Frame Stuffing In Lossy Environment --- p.40<br>Chapter 6 --- Experiment Result and Analysis --- p.43<br>Chapter 6.1 --- Experiment --- p.43<br>Chapter 6.2 --- Analysis --- p.54<br>Chapter 6.2.1 --- Interacting With Streams With No Rate Control --- p.56<br>Chapter 6.2.2 --- Multiple Streams Running The Algorithm --- p.58<br>Chapter 6.2.3 --- Calculation of p --- p.59<br>Chapter 7 --- Conclusions --- p.61<br>Bibliography --- p.64
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Owens, II Harold. "Provisioning end-to-end quality of service for real-time interactive video over software-defined networking." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7912/C2WW74.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)<br>This thesis contains four interrelated research areas. Before presenting the four research areas, this thesis presents literature review on Software-Defined Networking (SDN), a network architecture that allows network operator to manage the network using high level abstractions. This thesis presents taxonomy for classifying SDN research.
In research first area, this thesis presents Video over Software-Defined Networking (VSDN), a network architecture that selects feasible paths using the network-wide view. This thesis describes the VSDN protocol which is used for requesting service from the network. This thesis presents the results of implementing VSDN prototype and evaluates behavior of VSDN. Requesting service from the network requires developer to provide three input parameters to application programmable interface. The message complexity of VSDN is linear.
In research second area, this thesis presents Explicit Routing in Software-Defined Networking (ERSDN), a routing scheme that selects transit routers at the edge of network. This thesis presents the design and implementation of ERSDN. This thesis evaluates the effect of ERSDN on the scalability of controller by measuring the control plane network events-packets. ERSDN reduces the network events in the control plane by 430%.
In research third area, this thesis presents Reliable Video over Software-Defined Networking (RVSDN) which builds upon previous work of Video over Software-Defined Networking (VSDN) to address the issue of finding most reliable path. This thesis presents the design and implementation of RVSDN. This thesis presents the experience of integrating RVSDN into ns-3, a network simulator which research community uses to simulate and model computer networks. This thesis presents RVSDN results and analyzes the results. RVSDN services 31 times more requests than VSDN and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) explicit routing when the reliability constraint is 0.995 or greater.
In research fourth area, this thesis presents Multi-Domain Video over Software-Defined Networking (MDVSDN), a network architecture that selects end-to-end network path or path for real-time interactive video applications across independent network domains. This thesis describes the architectural elements of MDVSDN. This thesis presents the results of implementing a prototype of MDVSDN and evaluates the behavior of MDVSDN. The message complexity of MDVSDN is linear.
The contribution of this thesis lays the foundation for developing a network architecture that improves the performance of real-time interactive video applications by selecting feasible end-to-end multi-domain path among multiple paths using bandwidth, delay, jitter, and reliability.