Academic literature on the topic 'Receiving relief'
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Journal articles on the topic "Receiving relief"
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Penne, R. B. "Pain Relief in Patients Receiving Periocular Botulinum Toxin A." Yearbook of Ophthalmology 2009 (January 2009): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0084-392x(09)79058-6.
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Harrison, Andrew R., Jonathan P. Erickson, Jill S. Anderson, and Michael S. Lee. "Pain Relief in Patients Receiving Periocular Botulinum Toxin A." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 24, no. 2 (March 2008): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iop.0b013e31816386e1.
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DYSON, RICHARD. "The extent and nature of pauperism in five Oxfordshire parishes, 1786–1832." Continuity and Change 28, no. 3 (November 27, 2013): 421–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416013000374.
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This article examines the nature of pauperism in the south and east of England during the time of the Old Poor Law by using census material from five predominately rural parishes in Oxfordshire between 1786 and 1832. The proportion of people receiving poor relief was calculated for each parish, together with the types of people receiving such relief. While pauperism was significant in some parishes, others had relatively low levels of people receiving relief, and groups of poor hit by traditional life-cycle poverty were still common. Previous notions of widespread pauperism in the south and east during this period may thus need to be revised, with greater acknowledgement of the influence of local factors.
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AHMED, SAJJAD, RAHEEL AZHAR KHAN, TASSADAQ KHURSHID, Muhammad Boota, Muhammad Ishaque, and Syed Hafiz Majid Waseem. "POST OPERATIVE ANALGESIA FOLLOWING OPEN CHOLECYSTECTOMY." Professional Medical Journal 18, no. 03 (September 10, 2011): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2011.18.03.2358.
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Introduction: Pain following surgery is a universal phenomenon; it is often underestimated and undertreated. Epidural analgesia is considered to be the best method of pain relief after subcostal cholecystectomy. Epidural is effective technique that offers comparable analgesia and better side effect profile. Design: Quasi Experimental study. Period: Jan2010 to June 2010. Setting: Military Hospital Rawalpindi. Material and methods: This is a prospective, randomized control trial. The main objective of this study was to compare the number of rescue doses for postperative pain relief, after subcostal cholecystectomy under epidural anesthesia, in patients receiving continuous epidural infusion of bupivacain 0.125% with those receiving intermittent boluses. Thoracic epidural catheter was placed for post operative pain relief. Patients were divided into two equal groups. Patient receiving continuous epidural anaesthesia were placed in group A and those receiving intermittent doses were included in group B. Sampling technique: Purposive (non probability) sampling. Result: Patient who received intermittent boluses (group B) required less rescue doses of nalbuphine as compared to the patients who received continuous infusion of 0.125 bupivacain. Conclusions: Intermittent boluses of 0.125% bupivacain are considered a better method of postoperative pain relief than continuous infusion of 0.125 % bupivacain.
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Kwon, Young-Bae, Ji-Hoon Kim, Jung-Hee Yoon, Jae-Dong Lee, Ho-Jae Han, Woung-Chon Mar, Alvin J. Beitz, and Jang-Hern Lee. "The Analgesic Efficacy of Bee Venom Acupuncture for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Comparative Study with Needle Acupuncture." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 29, no. 02 (January 2001): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x01000228.
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The aim of this investigation was to determine whether been venom (BV) administered directly into an acupoint was a clinically effective and safe method for relieving the pain of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) as compared to traditional needle acupuncture. We evaluated the efficacy of BV acupuncture using both pain relief scores and computerized infrared thermography (IRT) following 4 weeks of BV acupuncture treatment. We observed that a significantly higher proportion of subjects receiving BV acupuncture reported substantial pain relief as compared with those receiving traditional needle acupuncture therapy. Furthermore, the IRT score was significantly improved and paralleled the level of pain relief.
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Frederick, John, and Chris Goddard. "Sweet and Sour Charity: Experiences of Receiving Emergency Relief in Australia." Australian Social Work 61, no. 3 (September 2008): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03124070802229763.
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Klapper, JA, and S. O’Connor. "Rizatriptan Wafer–Sublingual vs. Placebo at the Onset of Acute Migraine." Cephalalgia 20, no. 6 (July 2000): 585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.2000.00079.x.
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Rizatriptan wafer is a 5HT1B/1D agonist for use in the acute treatment of migraine. It is a freeze-fried formulation, approved for oral administration, which dissolves on the tongue and is swallowed with saliva. In this study the efficacy of sublingually administered rizatriptan 10-mg wafer was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, out-patient study involving 39 migraineurs. Patients were instructed to treat a migraine at the onset of pain in order to evaluate time of onset of pain relief and pain relief at 1 h. The average time to onset of relief was 25 min for patients treated with rizatriptan wafer and 27 min for patients treated with placebo. At 1 h, 50% of the patients receiving rizatriptan wafer and 50% of the patients receiving placebo experienced significant relief. Implications and potential reasons for a high placebo response are discussed.
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Boyer, George R. "“Work for their prime, the workhouse for their age”: Old Age Pauperism in Victorian England." Social Science History 40, no. 1 (2016): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2015.79.
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This paper examines the extent of local government support for the elderly, in the form of poor relief, in Victorian England. It presents newly constructed estimates of old age pauperism rates for each of England's ten registration divisions from 1861 to 1908, the year the Old Age Pension Act was adopted. My estimates show that the share of persons aged 65 and older receiving government assistance in the nineteenth century was far larger than most contemporaries, and many historians, believe. The share receiving poor relief declined after 1871, largely as a result of changes in relief administration, but on the eve of the adoption of the Old Age Pension Act more than one in five persons over 65 was in receipt of public assistance. In sum, government support for the elderly is not a post-welfare state phenomenon. Old age pauperism rates differed substantially across registration divisions and in general were higher in southern than in northern England. I present evidence that much of the north-south differential was due to differences in wage rates and employment opportunities and differences in the administration of poor relief, although differences in welfare customs might have played a role.
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Makkar, Jeetinder Kaur. "Effect of Different Volumes on Pain Relief in Patient Receiving Fluoroscopic Guided Interlaminar Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injection." January 2018 1, no. 21;1 (May 15, 2018): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2018.3.243.
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Background: Epidural steroids injections (ESI) are frequently used to treat lumbar radicular pain. Although different volume have been used for interlaminar ESI in adults, there is no controlled trial comparing the effect of different volumes on pain relief for the same dose of steroid . Objective: To compare the effect of increase in volume of epidural drug on pain relief in lumbar ESI . Study design: Randomized double blind trial Settings: Pain OR of a tertiary care centre Methods: Sixty patients were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 groups: Group A (4 mL), Group B (6 mL), and Group C (8 mL). Pain was evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS) and improvement in disability using modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire scores (MODQS) at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks. Patients having less than 50% pain relief from baseline received an additional epidural injection of the same volume with a maximum of 3 injections at least 15 days apart. The primary objective of the study was incidence of patients attaining more than 50% pain relief at 6 months. Secondary outcome included MODQS and pattern of spread of iodinated contrast on fluoroscopy. Results: At the end of 6 months, there was no significant difference in the effective pain relief between the 3 groups (Group A-16/22 (72.7%), Group B-15/20 (75%), Group C-13/18 (72.2%); P = 0.98, chi- square test). All groups demonstrated a significant reduction in mean VAS scores. There was no significant intergroup difference in VAS sores and MODQS at all the time intervals. The pattern of contrast spread did not differ between the 3 groups. Limitation: Not a placebo controlled trial Conclusions: An increase in volume of the injectate from 4 mL to 8 mL did not increase the efficacy of interlaminar ESI. Key words: Epidural steroid, volume, low back pain, interlaminar:
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Flythe, Jennifer E., Tandrea Hilliard, Graciela Castillo, Kourtney Ikeler, Jazmine Orazi, Emaad Abdel-Rahman, Amy Barton Pai, et al. "Symptom Prioritization among Adults Receiving In-Center Hemodialysis." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 13, no. 5 (March 20, 2018): 735–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.10850917.
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Background and objectivesIndividuals receiving in-center hemodialysis experience a high symptom burden that detrimentally affects their quality of life. There are few evidence-based interventions for symptom relief in this population. To stimulate innovation in symptom management, data on patient symptom prioritization and treatment preferences are needed. We undertook this study to (1) identify patient-prioritized symptoms for the development of symptom relief therapies and (2) elicit preferences for treatments among individuals receiving hemodialysis.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe conducted a mixed methods study that included focus groups in Carrboro, North Carolina; Tucson, Arizona; and Seattle, Washington and a nationally distributed online survey. Focus group transcripts were analyzed for patterns, and the highest priority symptoms were determined on the basis of frequency and report severity. We used focus group findings to inform survey items. Focus group and survey results were crossvalidated and synthesized for final symptom prioritization.ResultsThere were 32 participants across three focus groups and 87 survey respondents from 27 states in the United States. The physical symptoms of insomnia, fatigue, muscle cramping, and nausea/vomiting and the mood symptoms of anxiety and depressed mood were reported by participants in all focus groups. Among survey respondents, fatigue (94%), cramping (79%), and body aches (76%) were the most common physical symptoms, and feeling depressed (66%), worried (64%), and frustrated (63%) were the most common mood symptoms. The top-prioritized symptoms were consistent across focus group and survey participants and included the physical symptoms insomnia, fatigue, and cramping and the mood symptoms anxiety, depression, and frustration. Participants indicated that symptom frequency, duration, unpredictability, and social and financial effects factored most heavily into symptom prioritization.ConclusionsPatients prioritized the physical symptoms of insomnia, fatigue, and cramping and the mood symptoms of anxiety, depression, and frustration as the top symptoms for which to find new therapies.PodcastThis article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2018_03_20_CJASNPodcast_18_5_F.mp3
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Receiving relief"
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Maxym, Maya. "Hypnosis for Relief of Pain and Anxiety in Children Receiving Intravenous Lines in the Pediatric Emergency Department." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08212007-115631/.
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Intravenous line placement is one of the most common procedures performed on children presenting to the Emergency Department. Anxiety about needles is widespread, and many children experience high levels of fear and/or pain with their IV line placements. Hypnosis is a behavioral intervention that shows significant promise for alleviating procedure-related pain and anxiety in children. Twenty-five developmentally normal, English-speaking children between the ages of five and fifteen who required IV line placement in the Pediatric Emergency Department at Yale-New Haven Childrens Hospital were randomized to receive either the standard of care or standard of care plus a brief hypnotic intervention. The groups were similar with regard to baseline demographic and socioeconomic status, previous experience with medical care, and presence or absence of chronic medical conditions. Childrens pre-procedural anxiety ratings on a 10cm visual analog scale (VAS) and expected procedural pain ratings by 10-point oucher and 10cm VAS were not significantly different between the groups. Children randomized to the hypnosis group reported less anxiety during the procedure (mean 5.0 vs 3.1, median 7.2 vs 2.2, p = 0.28) than children randomized to the standard of care group. Cases also had a decrease in anxiety from expected to actual of 1.6 on a 10cm scale, while those randomized to the control group had an increase from expected to actual anxiety of 1.1 (p=0.01). A smaller trend towards decreased pain in the hypnosis group was also present. As measured by VAS, cases had lower mean pain scores (3.4 vs 4.3) than controls. In a comparison of anticipated and actual pain scores between groups, the hypnosis group had a mean decrease of 0.8 on a 10cm VAS , while the control group had a mean increase of 0.5 (p=0.14). Recruitment of subjects is ongoing, but preliminary results suggest that hypnosis is effective for alleviating needle-related anxiety in children undergoing IV line placement and may be helpful for alleviating the pain of IV line placement as well.
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Su, Jing-sin, and 蘇晶新. "Study of the system of providing and receiving international disaster relief in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17026951750352259054.
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碩士國立中央大學
土木工程學系碩士在職專班
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During the disaster relief period of chi-chi earthquake in 1999, several of international rescue teams arrived at many disaster areas all around Taiwan to assist Taiwanese government and stranded victims. Those rescue teams brought humanitarian caring into full play and utilized excellent technology, which must not only bring the victims a lot of hopes, but also encourage exhausted national rescue teams. In addition, the global climate has constantly become extremely abnormal in the past few years. Therefore, irreparable lost of lives and property, and social instability occur because of disasters. If the level of calamity which is as massive as the radical rainfall caused by Typhoon Morakot becomes regular patterns, it will be too severe for any country to deal with alone. We must realize that to relieve disasters through the assistance of international rescue teams is really helpful to ease the damage of natural calamities and also get to shorten the recovery schedule. Thus, participating in the international disaster relief to commit to the international society and take the responsibility as a part of the global village has been an inevitable trend. Nowadays, the SAR teams in Taiwan attend humanitarian aid projects actively in accordance with the diplomatic policies. The tasks demanded by effected countries and the International SAR organization were mostly completed. However, during the relieving process, not only many operating standards of international SAR teams are worthy to learn, but also appeared some defects to be improved. In addition, in retracing the chi-chi earthquake and the typhoon, the international SAR teams or the local government in affected areas must realize that the earlier the rescue plan has been completed, the earlier the work can be processed, which can decrease the damage of natural disasters, effectively utilize the golden SAR time, 72 hours, avoid the waste of rescue gears, and get to shorten the recovery schedule. The purpose of this study is to collect related information in the international searching and rescuing standards, to review the performances of previous supporting and executing international disaster relieving cases, and also to bring up critical advices and improvement schemes in systems of both providing support to other countries and receiving assistances from other countries.
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Chademana-Munodawafa, Kudzai E. "An analysis of livelihood strategies of HIV/AIDS affected households receiving support from Catholic Relief Services (CRS) in Chegutu, Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/951.
Full textBooks on the topic "Receiving relief"
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How many people are currently receiving emergency food in the Greater New Haven Area?: A typical community's challenge in 1994. [Connecticut]: America Harvest, 1994.
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Batson, C. Daniel. One Way to Feel Better. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190651374.003.0007.
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Bob Cialdini and several colleagues claimed that heightened empathy brings with it increased sadness, and that it is the egoistic desire to relieve this sadness by getting a mood boost that motivates empathy-induced helping. This new egoistic explanation was tested against the empathy–altruism hypothesis in four ways: (a) whether receiving an unrelated mood-enhancing experience reduces helping by individuals feeling high empathy; (b) whether learning that their mood can’t be improved reduces their helping; (c) whether expecting to have an unrelated mood-enhancing experience reduces their helping; and (d) whether they are as likely to help to relieve a need other than the one for which empathy was induced. Although results of initial experiments provided some support for the sadness-relief hypothesis, clearer tests supported the empathy–altruism hypothesis instead. Apparently, the empathy–helping relationship isn’t simply a product of an egoistic desire to get a mood boost and relieve empathy-associated sadness.
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Remes, Jacob A. C. “A Desirable Measure of Responsibility”. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039836.003.0006.
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This chapter examines how the Halifax explosion changed local churches and unions, as well as the ways that membership in a church or union altered the individuals' and families' experiences of the disaster. In applying for and receiving disaster relief, disaster survivors were sorted by organizational membership—in churches, in clubs, and in other formal institutions. When Haligonians applied for aid from the Halifax and Dartmouth Relief Committees and their successor, the Halifax Relief Commission, they were asked, among other things, what organizations they belonged to, including their church, their union, and their fraternal societies. This chapter compares the Halifax Relief Commission's instrumental use of churches, which emphasized clerical authority, with the ways that lay congregants chose to use churches to come to terms with their grief. It also considers how unions responded to the considerable growth of the technocratic, interventionist, progressive state during World War I.
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Riley, Barry. From Food Aid to Food Assistance: 1990–2014. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190228873.003.0021.
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This chapter describes the many changes legislated for American food aid as, first, American nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) succeeded in receiving expanded legislative authority to use food aid for development objectives; second, “food security” became the primary objective of all forms of American food aid; and, third, Title III, Section 416(b) and Title I dwindled into non-availability. The remaining forms (Title II, Food for Progress, and Food for Education) seemed primed to focus on development objectives linked to improving food security. Unfortunately, the combination of budget stringencies, the increasing cost of food, the unwillingness of Congress to “untie” food purchases from domestic American sources, and a rapid increase in emergency relief needs conspired to greatly reduce the amount of food available to NGO and WFP development programs.
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Busch, Fredric, Barbara Milrod, Cory Chen, and Meriamne Singer. Trauma Focused Psychodynamic Psychotherapy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197574355.001.0001.
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This book, which operationalizes and articulates in detail a unique, brief, tested psychodynamic psychotherapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Trauma Focused Psychodynamic Psychotherapy [TFPP], describes how to perform this helpful treatment. The book provides tailored psychodynamic background that underpins these approaches, and explains the different phases of treatment. Additionally, it articulates common underlying dynamics of PTSD that the treatment commonly addresses in patients to bring about symptomatic relief. TFPP is being tested in two diverse populations: military Veterans with PTSD who are receiving care at three Veterans Administration Hospitals, and also among LGBTQ patients with PTSD. The book is focused on the authors’ experiences treating Veterans and many clinical examples are provided demonstrating how to work with these principles and approaches. In general, patients and therapists have found the treatment to be an extremely useful tool. Veterans have gained insight into the impact of traumatic experiences on various aspects of their lives and had improvements in dissociation, interpersonal engagement, anxiety, and anger/hostility. TFPP appears to be particularly effective for patients with prominent avoidance symptoms and those who are unwilling or unable to recount the details of their trauma directly. Patients have been found to be more affectively engaged and better connected to others (including the therapist) following treatment.
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Dieter, Fleck. Part II Commentaries to Typical Sofa Rules, 15 Uniform. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808404.003.0015.
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This chapter examines the provisions for the use of uniforms. Members of the armed forces have traditionally worn uniform to distinguish themselves from members of the civilian population and often to identify the unit or formation to which they belong. Military members and the UN civilian police of UN peace operations wear uniform as provided under para. 37 of the UN Model SOFA. As the UN does not have a standing army or police force, it relies on contributions by its Member States generally wearing their national uniforms, but wearing the UN badges and insignia and the now familiar blue berets or helmets. For NATO military operations, the wearing of uniform is usually regulated in status-of-forces agreements (SOFAs), considering that permission of the receiving state to display foreign national insignia is required as an expression of its sovereignty.
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Lin, Eric, and Pochu Ho. Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression. Edited by Ish P. Bhalla, Rajesh R. Tampi, Vinod H. Srihari, and Michael E. Hochman. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190625085.003.0027.
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This chapter provides a summary of the landmark Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) trial on major depressive disorder. The STAR*D trial was designed to address some basic questions about depression treatment. What are the outcomes and the remission rates for depression? What are the long-term outcomes, especially the relapse rates, for patients receiving sequential depression therapies? Starting with these questions, this chapter describes the basics of the STAR*D trial, including funding, study location, study population, number of study participants, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. In addition, this chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.
Book chapters on the topic "Receiving relief"
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Boyer, George R. "Social Welfare Policy, Living Standards, and Self-Help, 1861–1908." In The Winding Road to the Welfare State, 75–105. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691178738.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses the Crusade Against Outrelief and its effects on working-class behavior. The increased use of the workhouse caused a sharp decline in the share of the population receiving poor relief. The crusade ended the use of the Poor Law to assist those temporarily in need during economic dislocations—after 1870 there is no hint of the trade cycle in aggregate statistics on numbers receiving relief, as there should have been in a modern social insurance regime with its “automatic stabilizers.” As such, working-class self-help increased greatly after 1870, so that by the beginning of the twentieth century most skilled workers had some protection against negative income shocks. However, the situation was different for the low-skilled, most of whom had little savings and remained quite vulnerable to unexpected income loss.
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Yennurajalingam, Sriram. "Cancer-Related Fatigue." In Hospice and Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care Flashcards. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190633066.003.0006.
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Cancer-related fatigue is the most common and severe symptom patients experience while receiving palliative care. It is also the most underdiagnosed and undertreated. Fatigue has substantial adverse physical, psychosocial, and economic consequences for patients and caregivers, and it is an important predictor of patients’ quality of life. Management of fatigue involves thorough assessment of severity and various dimensions of the symptoms, including the physical, psychological, and cognitive domains. A focused exam and laboratory evaluation should be conducted to treat the reversible causes. All patients should be managed using nonpharmacological strategies such as exercise and counseling whenever feasible. A short trial of steroids or methylphenidate should be considered for symptom relief.
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Richards, Eric. "West Sussex and the rural south." In The genesis of international mass migration, 55–72. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526131485.003.0004.
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West Sussex was a classic zone on the receiving end of the increasing economic divisions in the national story. Turmoil in rural Sussex had been rife at the turn of the century, marked by harvest failures, disorder and protest about food monopolies and inflated prices. Emigration from Sussex to remote Australia was riskier. Sometimes a local Sussex parish intervened and provided assistance to poor emigrants, in effect to paupers. Emigration was only one of many solutions to the problem of rural poverty in the district and across the nation. Much more common in the years before 1830 were certain initiatives taken to promote the emigration of poor people from Sussex, mainly to Canada and the United States. These schemes were led by local philanthropists and landowners seeking to diminish the burdens of poor relief.
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Bernfeld, Tirtsah Levie. "The Motives behind Charity." In Poverty and Welfare Among the Portuguese Jews in Early Modern Amsterdam, 159–86. Liverpool University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113577.003.0006.
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This chapter assesses the motives behind charity. In seventeenth-century Amsterdam, a well-to-do Portuguese community shouldered the organization of poor relief in many ways and discharged its responsibility for receiving and assisting the poor and for maintaining peace and order. Portuguese Jews supported poor relief as a civic duty and because they felt responsible for their neighbours, as well as for reasons of prestige. In addition, they often made charitable gifts, either in the normal course of life or as they neared death, for religious motives. By the end of the seventeenth century, Portuguese religiosity was tapering off and Portuguese Jews were also becoming less and less involved in the life of their community. Their charity, however, did not decline as a result; on the contrary, it grew. Charitable grants still had religious connotations, but rising poverty, even among the better-off families of the community, called for a collective effort not only through the official channels but also, and to an ever greater extent, by the private sector. Individual Portuguese increasingly took the reins in their own hands, not least in the attempt to maintain their prestige and to gain a hold over the administrative machinery by which charity was disbursed.
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Klinedinst, Rachel, Audrey Kurash Cohen, and Constance M. Dahlin. "Dysphagia, Hiccups, and Other Oral Symptoms." In Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing, edited by Betty Rolling Ferrell and Judith A. Paice, 163–85. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190862374.003.0013.
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Dysphagia, hiccups, and other oral symptoms, including sialorrhea, xerostomia, and dysgeusia, are commonly experienced in patients with terminal illnesses and are symptoms of many diseases and health conditions in patients receiving palliative care. These symptoms often occur concurrently and not only impact a patient’s safety and ability to sustain adequate nutrition and hydration, but also physical comfort, social well-being, and quality of life. Consideration of any intervention should be aligned closely with the patient’s overall goals of care and treatment plan. Management of swallowing difficulties and oral complications in patients with serious illness focuses on preventing functional decline, maximizing quality of life and comfort, and supporting the patient’s wishes. Nurses must identify the presence of these symptoms and understand their negative impact on quality of life. A multidisciplinary team-based approach will promote successful treatment with better outcomes and improved relief of symptoms.
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Boyer, George R. "Old Age Poverty and Pauperism." In The Winding Road to the Welfare State, 134–66. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691178738.003.0005.
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This chapter demonstrates how the aged coped economically and the extent of their reliance on the Poor Law from the 1860s to 1908. The share of working-class persons 65 and older receiving poor relief within a year ranged from about one-half in the 1860s to about one-third in 1908. A large part of this decline in old age pauperism resulted from policy changes brought about by the Crusade Against Outrelief. Workers found it difficult to save enough to provide for their old age. Those who were physically able continued to work, albeit at reduced pay, and many received assistance from their children. However, the ability of older workers to support themselves declined with age, and married children with families often were unable to assist aged parents. The combination of little saving, declining earnings, and lack of family support forced many of the aged to turn to the Poor Law.
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Guina, Jeffrey, Brian Merrill, and Jo Ann LeQuang. "Benzodiazepine Therapy." In The Benzodiazepines Crisis, 17–40. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197517277.003.0003.
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Benzodiazepines are some of the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide. When used appropriately for the right condition, patient, dose, and duration, these drugs can provide rapid relief of the symptoms of anxiety and insomnia for some patients, but they are also linked to a variety of adverse effects (whether used long-term, short-term, or as needed). Many patients are prescribed, and take, benzodiazepines long-term without ever receiving evidence-based first-line treatments such as psychotherapy, relaxation techniques, sleep hygiene education, or serotonergic agents. This chapter discusses the risks and benefits of, and alternatives to, benzodiazepines. The evidence-based indications and contraindications are discussed, as are putative biopsychosocial bases for effectiveness, ineffectiveness, and harm. The known potential adverse effects and drug-drug interactions are summarized. Finally, alternative fast-acting/acute and chronic treatments for anxiety and/or insomnia are discussed. Response to treatment—whether benzodiazepines, other pharmacological agents, or psychotherapy—must be assessed.
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Paulsson, Gunnar S. "The Demography of Jews in Hiding in Warsaw, 1943‒1945." In Polin: Studies in Polish Jewry Volume 13, 78–103. Liverpool University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774600.003.0005.
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This chapter provides a demography of the Jewish fugitives in Warsaw during the Holocaust, considering the Berman Archive. This archive contains the records of the Jewish National Committee (Żydowski Komitet Narodowy: ŻKN) and the personal papers of its chairman, Dr Adolf Berman. The documents from the Berman Archive that are of greatest interest to the chapter are lists of people who were receiving financial assistance from the committee. These lists contain, all told, some 7,500 individual entries, each consisting of some of the following information: name (of an individual or family group); number of people in the group; receipt number and amount received; age, or date, and place of birth; other identifying information such as occupation and place of origin; name of the responsible activist; and comments of various kinds. The interpretation of these documents requires some knowledge of the structure and function of the ŻKN and, indeed, of the whole organized effort to bring relief to Jews in hiding.
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Gupta, Pawan. "Analgesia and Anaesthesia." In Oxford Assess and Progress: Emergency Medicine. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199599530.003.0016.
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Seventy per cent of patients who present to the ED have pain as their main complaint—and most of the time as a sign of injury or inflammation. Therefore, early assessment by scoring at the point of triage and offering the appropriate analgesia are the first steps towards the management of such patients. The College of Emergency Medicine guidelines suggest that at least 98% of patients in severe pain (pain score of 7–10) should be offered appropriate analgesia within 60min of arrival, or triage, whichever is earlier. In 90% of these patients, the status of pain should be re-evaluated within 60min of receiving the first dose of the analgesic. Despite this clear-cut standard and the availability of a wide variety of analgesics, achieving such a target remains, occasionally, elusive. It must also be realized that a positive experience for the patient largely depends on relief of pain as early as possible. Consequently, one of the primary areas for a new FY1 to focus on is the pain management. Remember it is simple and straightforward in most circumstances. GA may be required in the ED for various clinical indications, for example, cardioversion, facial trauma or burns, and acute respiratory failure (such as in asthma). In an emergency situation it may be a challenging procedure even for an experienced anaesthetist and could be dangerous for the patients. An FY1/2 will never be expected to perform this, but it is important to know when to call for help when the situation demands. Local anaesthesia is widely used in the ED, and is one of the skills foundation trainees learn in the early days. It is comparatively safe if the doctor is aware of how to perform the procedure and the upper limit of the dose for a particular patient. Finally, conscious sedation is also widely used in the ED for reducing fractures and/or dislocations and minor operations. However, it carries the same risks as GA and should be carried out by a doctor who is trained in the procedure as well as in resuscitation. A risk assessment should be performed as a patient with high risks (previous cardiac or respiratory diseases) must be sedated with extreme caution.
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Barlow, Sally H. "Supervision and Consultation in Group Specialty Practice." In Specialty Competencies in Group Psychology, edited by Sally H. Barlow, 159–70. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195388558.003.0008.
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Chapter 8 discusses supervision and consultation in group specialty practice. A group therapist relies upon professional consultation and supervision to remain competent about his or her plan for each group member within the group setting and throughout the group sessions. Group interactions are highly complex given the exponential components of many members (as contrasted to individual therapy). Assuring clear metavision (tracking both process and content of all interactions between member-leader, member-member) is greatly assisted by giving and receiving consultation when necessary.
Conference papers on the topic "Receiving relief"
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Dawson, Kevin M. "Excavation Support for Jacking and Receiving Shafts on the East Boston Sewer Relief Project." In Earth Retention Conference (ER) 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41128(384)40.
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Coffey, F., K. Mirza, and M. Lomax. "56 Subgroup analysis of time to first pain relief and rescue medication use in patients with severe acute trauma pain receiving low-dose methoxyflurane analgesia." In Meeting abstracts from the second European Emergency Medical Services Congress (EMS2018). British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-ems.56.
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Snytko, V. A., Yu M. Semenov, M. Yu Semenov, A. V. Silayev, and G. I. Lysanova. "КАРТОГРАФИЧЕСКОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ГЕОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО МОНИТОРИНГА БАССЕЙНА ОЗЕРА БАЙКАЛ." In Geosistemy vostochnyh raionov Rossii: osobennosti ih struktur i prostranstvennogo razvitiia. ИП Мироманова Ирина Витальевна, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35735/tig.2019.27.11.010.
Full textAbstract:
Разрабатываемая методология геоэкологического мониторинга основана на выявлении антропогенных источников вещества и наблюдении связей между ними и объектами среды путем рассмотрения объектов в качестве смесей, а источников в качестве их компонентов, с использованием подходов ландшафтного мониторинга. Обоснованы методические подходы к разработке картографического обеспечения мониторинга структуры загрязнения и распределения загрязнителей в бассейне озера Байкал. Для обоснования сети наблюдений и контроля, экстраполяции результатов мониторинга на территории, не охваченные непосредственными наблюдениями, показа оперативной информации о состоянии геосистем и экосистем требуется картографическая основа. Методика картографирования базируется на основных положениях учения о геосистемах В.Б. Сочавы. Методические приемы геоинформационного картографирования были адаптированы применительно к бассейну оз. Байкал. Модель SRTM 4й версии, взятая за основу для получения изолиний рельефа, была преобразована и приведена к масштабу 1:5 000000, а все цифровые слои были интегрированы в единую картографическую проекцию и систему координат (WGS 84). Сопоставление пространственно привязанных слоев рельефа и гидрографической сети в QGIS позволило разграничить бассейны крупных, средних и малых притоков Байкала. Инструментами выявления структуры хозяйственной деятельности служат методы ландшафтногеохимического синтеза, картографирования агроландшафтов, ландшафтного планирования и ретроспективного картографического анализа геосистем с длительной историей хозяйственного освоения. Выявление структуры загрязнения Байкала, его притоков и водосборного бассейна в целом осуществляется путем анализа пространственного и временного распределения загрязнителей в компонентах природной среды. Картографирование дифференциации загрязнителей проводится с использованием современных методов геоинформационного анализа и моделирования, которые реализованы в программе ArcGIS 10. Расчет составов выбросов неизвестных источников проводится с применением методов многомерного анализа. Проанализированы основные параметры ландшафтногеохимической дифференциации бассейна озера Байкал, составлена карта дифференциации поверхностных вод по способности вод к самоочищению, разработана схема районирования территории по способности обеспечивать тот или иной состав вод. The developed methodology of geoenvironmental monitoring is based on identification of anthropogenic sources of substance and the observation of communications between them and the objects of the environment by consideration of the objects as mixes, and the sources as their components, with use of approaches of landscape monitoring. Methodical approaches to development of cartographic ensuring of monitoring of pollution and distribution of pollutants in the basin of Lake Baikal are proved. The cartographic basis is necessary for justification of the network of observations and monitoring, extrapolation of results of monitoring on the territories which are not captured by immediate observations, display of operational information on a condition of geosystems and ecosystems. The technique of mapping is based on original positions of V.B. Sochava doctrine about geosystems. Methodical techniques of geoinformation mapping were adapted in relation to the basin of Lake Baikal. The SRTM model of the 4th version taken as a basis for receiving isolines of a relief was transformed and scaled by 1:5,000,000. All digital layers were integrated into a uniform cartographic projection and a frame (WGS 84). Comparison of spatially attached layers of a relief and a hydrographic network in QGIS allowed us to differentiate the pools of the large, average and small inflows of Baikal. The methods of landscapegeochemical synthesis, mapping of agrolandscapes, landscape planning and the retrospective cartographic analysis of geosystems with the long history of economic development served as the instruments of identification of the structure of economic activity. Identification of pollution structure of Lake Baikal, its inflows and a catchment basin in general is carried out by the analysis of spatial and temporary distribution of pollutants in environment components. Mapping of pollutants differentiation is carried out with use of the modern methods of the geoinformational analysis and the model operation, which are realized in the ArcGIS 10 program. Calculation of compositions for the emissions of unknown sources is carried out with application of methods of the multidimensional analysis. Key parameters of landscapegeochemical differentiation of the basin of Lake Baikal are analyzed. The map of differentiation of the surface water on ability of waters to selfcleaning has been compiled. The scheme of regionalization for the territory on ability to provide this or that composition of waters has been developed.
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Snytko, V. A., Yu M. Semenov, M. Yu Semenov, A. V. Silayev, and G. I. Lysanova. "КАРТОГРАФИЧЕСКОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ГЕОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО МОНИТОРИНГА БАССЕЙНА ОЗЕРА БАЙКАЛ." In Geosistemy vostochnyh raionov Rossii: osobennosti ih struktur i prostranstvennogo razvitiia. ИП Мироманова Ирина Витальевна, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33833/tig.2019.27.11.010.
Full textAbstract:
Разрабатываемая методология геоэкологического мониторинга основана на выявлении антропогенных источников вещества и наблюдении связей между ними и объектами среды путем рассмотрения объектов в качестве смесей, а источников в качестве их компонентов, с использованием подходов ландшафтного мониторинга. Обоснованы методические подходы к разработке картографического обеспечения мониторинга структуры загрязнения и распределения загрязнителей в бассейне озера Байкал. Для обоснования сети наблюдений и контроля, экстраполяции результатов мониторинга на территории, не охваченные непосредственными наблюдениями, показа оперативной информации о состоянии геосистем и экосистем требуется картографическая основа. Методика картографирования базируется на основных положениях учения о геосистемах В.Б. Сочавы. Методические приемы геоинформационного картографирования были адаптированы применительно к бассейну оз. Байкал. Модель SRTM 4й версии, взятая за основу для получения изолиний рельефа, была преобразована и приведена к масштабу 1:5 000000, а все цифровые слои были интегрированы в единую картографическую проекцию и систему координат (WGS 84). Сопоставление пространственно привязанных слоев рельефа и гидрографической сети в QGIS позволило разграничить бассейны крупных, средних и малых притоков Байкала. Инструментами выявления структуры хозяйственной деятельности служат методы ландшафтногеохимического синтеза, картографирования агроландшафтов, ландшафтного планирования и ретроспективного картографического анализа геосистем с длительной историей хозяйственного освоения. Выявление структуры загрязнения Байкала, его притоков и водосборного бассейна в целом осуществляется путем анализа пространственного и временного распределения загрязнителей в компонентах природной среды. Картографирование дифференциации загрязнителей проводится с использованием современных методов геоинформационного анализа и моделирования, которые реализованы в программе ArcGIS 10. Расчет составов выбросов неизвестных источников проводится с применением методов многомерного анализа. Проанализированы основные параметры ландшафтногеохимической дифференциации бассейна озера Байкал, составлена карта дифференциации поверхностных вод по способности вод к самоочищению, разработана схема районирования территории по способности обеспечивать тот или иной состав вод. The developed methodology of geoenvironmental monitoring is based on identification of anthropogenic sources of substance and the observation of communications between them and the objects of the environment by consideration of the objects as mixes, and the sources as their components, with use of approaches of landscape monitoring. Methodical approaches to development of cartographic ensuring of monitoring of pollution and distribution of pollutants in the basin of Lake Baikal are proved. The cartographic basis is necessary for justification of the network of observations and monitoring, extrapolation of results of monitoring on the territories which are not captured by immediate observations, display of operational information on a condition of geosystems and ecosystems. The technique of mapping is based on original positions of V.B. Sochava doctrine about geosystems. Methodical techniques of geoinformation mapping were adapted in relation to the basin of Lake Baikal. The SRTM model of the 4th version taken as a basis for receiving isolines of a relief was transformed and scaled by 1:5,000,000. All digital layers were integrated into a uniform cartographic projection and a frame (WGS 84). Comparison of spatially attached layers of a relief and a hydrographic network in QGIS allowed us to differentiate the pools of the large, average and small inflows of Baikal. The methods of landscapegeochemical synthesis, mapping of agrolandscapes, landscape planning and the retrospective cartographic analysis of geosystems with the long history of economic development served as the instruments of identification of the structure of economic activity. Identification of pollution structure of Lake Baikal, its inflows and a catchment basin in general is carried out by the analysis of spatial and temporary distribution of pollutants in environment components. Mapping of pollutants differentiation is carried out with use of the modern methods of the geoinformational analysis and the model operation, which are realized in the ArcGIS 10 program. Calculation of compositions for the emissions of unknown sources is carried out with application of methods of the multidimensional analysis. Key parameters of landscapegeochemical differentiation of the basin of Lake Baikal are analyzed. The map of differentiation of the surface water on ability of waters to selfcleaning has been compiled. The scheme of regionalization for the territory on ability to provide this or that composition of waters has been developed.
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Chun, Sejong. "Calculation of the Flow Profile Correction Factor Based on Flow Velocity Distribution Functions for Ultrasonic Flow Metering." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-4679.
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Abstract Transit-time ultrasonic flow metering relies on the flow profile correction factor (FPCF) to improve its measurement capability by converting line-integrated flow velocity into area-integrated flow velocity. It is because the flow velocity is integrated along ultrasonic paths between ultrasonic sensors by sending and receiving pulse signals in the transit-time ultrasonic flow metering. ISO 12242 (liquid flow metering) and ISO 17089 (gas flow metering) specify how to define the FPCF with a transit-time multi-path ultrasonic flow meter. The FPCF is applied to an averaged value of line-integrated flow velocities, not to each line-integrated flow velocity, according to the ISO standards. The present use of FPCF is validated in the fully-developed turbulent pipe flow, which a long straight pipe is installed upstream of the ultrasonic flow meter. However, the present FPCF would not be very accurate in asymmetric pipe flows with various conduit elements, such as elbows. This study attempts to apply the FPCF to each line-integrated flow velocity in transit-time multi-path ultrasonic flow metering. The FPCF can be applied to each line-integrated flow velocity if the FPCF is based on flow velocity distribution functions, such as those suggested by Salami (1984). The Salami’s flow velocity distribution functions include one symmetric flow, three one-peak flows, and two two-peak flows. The FPCF is calculated by line-integrals along the ultrasonic paths on each flow velocity distribution function. This study is the first attempt to show that the FPCF can be applied to convert the line-integrated flow velocities into the area-integrated flow velocity along each ultrasonic path.
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Di Matteo, Alberto, Francesco Lo Iacono, Giacomo Navarra, and Antonina Pirrotta. "The TLCD Passive Control: Numerical Investigations vs. Experimental Results." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86568.
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Very recently the tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) is receiving an increasing interest from researchers concerned with vibration control, to be considered an alternative device with respect to the tuned mass damper (TMD), since the former has low cost, easy adjustment, flexible installation. However, in recent studies the authors [1] have pointed out that for TMD the analytical formulation provides results that are in good agreement with the experimental ones, while for TLCD it has been deducted that the analytical formulation needs further investigation. In fact using the classical formulation of the problem, numerical results are very different from the experimental results obtained by the authors using the facilities at the experimental dynamic laboratory of University of Palermo. In particular it has been shown that the total liquid length should be corrected in an effective one, but in a different way from what has been done in literature, where only the variation of section of the vessel has been taken into account. On the other hand, from experimental investigations it is seen that the liquid moves more in the central area of the tube and less in the area in contact with the side walls. This aspect plays a fundamental role for capturing the real performance of TLCD. In fact, being the TLCD a special type of auxiliary damping device which relies on the inertia of liquid column in a U-tube to counteract the forces acting on the structure, then it is necessary to identify the effective moving liquid mass. To aim at this, in this paper the authors differentiate the total liquid mass into a liquid dead mass and a liquid dynamic mass, then introducing these values into a properly modified mathematical formulation numerical results match the experimental ones for all tests.
Reports on the topic "Receiving relief"
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Andrabi, Tahir, Benjamin Daniels, and Jishnu Das. Human Capital Accumulation and Disasters: Evidence from the Pakistan Earthquake of 2005. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2020/039.
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We trace the effects of a devastating earthquake that occurred in Northern Pakistan in 2005. Using a new dataset from a survey conducted four years after the earthquake, we first show that the distance of the household from the fault line was not correlated with pre-existing household characteristics, while it was strongly predictive of earthquake-related damage and mortality. Through emergency relief aid, households living close to the fault line reported receiving substantial cash compensation that amounted to as much as 150% of their annual household consumption expenditure. Four years after the earthquake, there were no differences in public infrastructure, household or adult outcomes between areas close to and far from the fault line. However, children in their critical first thousand days at the time of the earthquake accumulated large height deficits, with the youngest the most affected. Children aged 3 through 15 at the time of the earthquake did not suffer growth shortfalls, but scored significantly worse on academic tests if they lived close to the fault line. Finally, children whose mothers completed primary education were fully protected against the emergence of a test score gap. We estimate that if these deficits continue to adult life, the affected children could stand to lose 15% of their lifetime earnings. Even when disasters are heavily compensated, human capital accumulation can be critically interrupted, with greater losses for already disadvantaged populations.