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Academic literature on the topic 'Récepteur Acétylcholine Nicotinique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Récepteur Acétylcholine Nicotinique"
Chatrenet, Benoît. "Etude topographique des sites agonistes du récepteur nicotinique de l'acétylcholine à l'aide de dérives photoactivables de neurotoxine et d'agonistes synthétiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR13036.
Full textGiraudat, Jérôme. "Etude de l'organisation fonctionnelle des chaines polypeptidiques du récepteur nicotinique de l'acétylcholine." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066403.
Full textCartereau, Alison. "Caractérisation des sous-types de récepteurs nicotiniques neuronaux d'insectes et étude de la modulation de leurs profils pharmacologiques par les insecticides néonicotinoïdes." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE2031/document.
Full textThe intensive use of insecticides against crop pests and vectors of human and animal leads to several polemics about their mode of action. All these controversies are related to the fact that the mode of action of insecticides in insects is poorly unknown, in particular neonicotinoids which act on nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (nAChR).During this PhD thesis, we characterized for the first time the pharmacological properties of a cockroach ⍺7 homomeric receptor in a xenopus oocyte. Our results revealed that cockroach ⍺7 in an atypical receptor that is insensitive to ⍺-bungarotoxin and not activated by neonicotinoids. Cockroach and rat ⍺7 receptors which are included in the same cluster have distinct pharmacological properties. We then studied the pharmacological properties of native receptors, in particular, the modulatory effect of permethrin on dinotefuran-induced currents. This work was included in the study of Vectra 3D. We also evaluated the use of insect central nervous system membrane extraction as a strategy to study the pharmacological properties of insect native nAChRs.To conclude, this PhD contribute to the study of the pharmacological properties of insect nAChRs and the study of the mode of action of neonicotinoids insecticides
Che, Christian. "Marqueurs d'affinité du site acétylcholine des récepteurs nicotiniques neuronaux." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13014.
Full textQuinlivan, Mitchell. "Rôles du système cholinergique dans le disfonctionnement cognitif associé à la maladie Alzheimer et évaluation d'outils pour l'imagerie moléculaire." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR3324.
Full textCholinergic neuron degeneration is a prominent hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Using a specific immunotoxin (SAP), basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in the rat were lesioned, as assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), to model this facet of AD. Behavioural testing, utilising models with two different routes of SAP administration, further demonstrated the necessity of this system for normal attentional function and its relatively minor role in mnemonic function, cognitive domains greatly affected by AD. Studies with radioligands specific for the nicotinic receptor (nAChR) or the Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter were both able to demonstrate the lesion validated by IHC, the first time a nAChR radioligand has done this in a SAP model. Although eventually it was unable to be used for the in vivo continuation of this work, studies for the development of a small-animal molecular imaging system initially intended for such a continuation are also reported
Gallezot, Jean-Dominique. "Quantification in vivo des récepteurs nicotiniques à l' acétylcholine cerébraux par tomographie d'émission de position." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066034.
Full textMaubourguet, Nicolas. "Contrôle nicotinique du système dopaminergique et du comportement d'exploration." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066197.
Full textLe, Magueresse Corentin. "Etude de la contribution des récepteurs nicotiniques de l'acétylcholine à la modulation de l'activité synaptique et des synchronisations de neurones dans le cortex hippocampique immature." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077125.
Full textNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) belong to the superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels. NAChR activation by endogenous or exogenous ligands, such as nicotine, régulates numerous cerebral functions. In particular, nAChRs participate to the functional maturation of the brain. The first week of postnatal development is a critical period for the maturation of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the hippocampus. The whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique was used to study low-release probability glutamatergic synapses between Schaffer collaterals and CA1 pyramidal cells in rodent hippocampal slices. We observe that a brief application of nicotine, acting on presynaptic α7 nAChRs persistently increases the probability of release. We show that calcium release from presynaptic calcium stores modulates glutamate release from Schaffer collaterals and that presynaptic calcium-induced calcium release contributes to the nicotinic potentiation. Besides, in the immature hippocampus, spontaneous waves of correlated neuronal activity contribute to wire hippocampal circuits. We show that nicotine facilitate neuron synchronizations in the immature hippocampus. We find that early in postnatal life α7-and β2-containing nAChRs exert a fine regional modulation of spontaneous GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission that underlies nicotine-elicited changes in network synchronization
Gendrel, Marie. "Analyse de l'agrégation des récepteurs de l'acétylcholine à la jonction neuromusculaire de Caenorhabditis elegans." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066738.
Full textDurand-de, Cuttoli Romain. "Modulation nicotinique des neurones dopaminergiques de l'aire tegmentale ventrale : une approche optogénétique et opto-pharmacologique." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS421/document.
Full textNicotine addiction is a condition that affects one third of the world's adult population and is often associated with other psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, mood- and stress-related disorders. Every year, nearly 8 million people die from the consequences of tobacco use. This pathology is the leading cause of preventable death in the world. This phenomenon of tobacco dependence is induced by nicotine, the main addictive and psychoactive substance in tobacco, which acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and thus hijacks the normal functioning of various neuronal circuits. Acute nicotine directly acts on nAChRs and activates neural networks. In the longer term, it will induce synaptic plasticity and disrupt endogenous nicotinic transmission. In particular, nicotine disrupts the dopaminergic system, a key player in reinforcement learning, motivation and reward evaluation. These neural changes not only lead to reinforcement but also to a disruption of different behavioral traits such as decision-making, exploration, vulnerability to stress, etc. These relationships between symptoms and features could explain the strong comorbidities observed between substance abuse, and particularly tobacco addiction, and other pathologies such as stress-related disorders. During this thesis, I first addressed the neurophysiological bases underlying these comorbidities, by proposing dopamine as a common substrate for the effects of social stress, nicotine and associated decision-making disorders (impulsivity, reward sensitivity, risk assessment, etc.). I have shown that the increase in dopamine neuron activity observed after exposure to nicotine or social stress is responsible for disrupting choice behavior in mice. Indeed, we could reproduce these behavioral maladaptations by artificially increasing the activity level of dopaminergic neurons using optogenetic stimuli. The dissection of the mechanisms by which nicotine diverts neuronal circuits is currently hampered by a lack of tools for selective, reversible, spatially and temporally precise manipulation of the molecular players involved. A second part of my thesis work consisted in the in vivo implementation in mice of optogenetic pharmacology for nAChR. The photoinhibition of beta2-containing nAChRs revealed the impact of endogenous cholinergic modulation on the activity of dopaminergic neurons. We could optically inhibit the response of these same neurons to acute intravenous injection of nicotine and the associated reinforcement in a task of conditioned place preference for nicotine