Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Récepteur B[bêta]₁-'
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Lebesgue, Diane. "Anticorps anti-récepteur bêta-2-adrénergique à activité agoniste." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR3807.
Full textVoisin, Pierre-Jean. "Les cultures de cellules cérébelleuses comme modèle d'étude cellulaire de la modulation de l'expression d'un récepteur : le récepteur béta-adrénergique." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR22018.
Full textAudigane, Leslie. "Le récepteur β3-adrénergique, nouvelle cible potentielle dans le traitement de l'insuffisance cardiaque." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10312.
Full textUntil recently, studies on β-adrenergic (β-AR) regulation of cardiovascular function concerned global β-AR or β1/β2-AR effects, without considering β3-AR. The aim of this thesis work is to study β3-AR roles in comparison to β1- and β2-AR in the regulation of cardiovascular function in normal or pathological conditions. The β3-AR regulation of cardiac function is not yet completely understood. This is due, at least in part, to the lack of relevant animal model easily used in laboratories. Thus, the aim of the first part of this work is to characterize electrophysiological and contractile effects of cardiac β3-AR stimulation in rabbit heart. β-blocking molecules are largely used in heart failure treatment. Among the 3rd class of β-blockers with vasodilatating properties, nebivolol shows β3-AR agonistic properties. The aim of the second part is double: (1) to determine the adrenergic targets of nebivolol enantiomers using a functional approach and (2) to compare the effects of nebivolol and a 2nd generation β-blocker, bisoprolol, in the treatment of acute and chronic ischemic heart failure in rats. After cardiovascular pathologies, septic choc is the first death cause in intensive unit care and is associated to cardiovascular failure. Present treatments act on β-AR despite that data concerning cardiovascular βAR remodelling in septic choc are limited and contradictory. The aim of the third part is to characterize β-AR cardiovascular remodelling in an endotoxemic rat model
Sarkissian, Gaïané. "Récepteur C-ErbA bêta des hormones thyroïdiennes : expression, fonctions, pathologies moléculaires associées." Aix-Marseille 2, 1999. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/1999AIX20665.pdf.
Full textHamelin, Emilie. "Le routage intracellulaire du récepteur TP[bêta] dépend d'une interaction avec Rab11." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3808.
Full textGiroux, Véronique. "Effet protecteur du récepteur à l'oestrogène de type [bêta] dans la tumorigenèse intestinale : implication de la voie du TGF[bêta]." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3896.
Full textRouget, Céline. "Le récepteur β3-adrénergique du muscle lisse utérin humain : une cible potentielle d'agents tocolytiques." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05P614.
Full textThe preterm birth represents the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in developed countries. The strategies for medical management remain restricted and relatively inefficient. Amongst different actions undertaken to reduce preterm birth and health problems of preterm neonates, the development of new pharmacological tools to treat uterine contractility dysfunction is essential. We were interested in the b3-adrenoceptor and its agonists known to have myorelaxant properties on the uterus smooth muscle, the myometrium. The aim of our work consisted in the pharmacological characterisation of the b3-adrenoceptor in the human myometrium, on the one hand in studying the influence of pregnancy on the expression of this receptor and on the other hand, by exploring the desensitisation phenomenon which can affect it. Our results give arguments in favour of clinical development of selective b3- adrenoceptor agonists in the pharmacological treatment of preterm labour
Bastide, Josyane. "Bêta carbolines et glycylanilides comme ligands du complexe récepteur GABA-benzodiazépines : étude des relations entre structure chimique et liaison au récepteur." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON13509.
Full textSèze-Goismier, Camille. "Rôle physiologique du récepteur β3-adrénergique vasculaire dans l’insuffisance cardiaque." Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10067.
Full textThis work concerned the study of the involvement of a catecholaminergic receptor, the β3-adrenoceptor, in the cardiovascular physiopathology. There were three steps. First, the expression of a functional β3-adrenoceptor was shown in the human internal mammary artery. This receptor induces the vasodilatation via the NO pathway. Then, the modifications of the expression and the function of the vascular β-adrenoceptor induced by heart failure (HF) were studied in a rat model of coronary artery ligation. At terminal stage of HF, the β3-adrenoceptor is overexpressed and the vasodilatation induced by its stimulation is potentiated. The last part of this work consisted in the study of the consequences of the overexpression of the human β3-adrenoceptor at the endothelial level in a model of transgenic rat developed in our laboratory. The understanding of the involvement of the three β-adrenoceptors subtypes in the development of HF will allow a better adaptation of the β-blocking therapy to the different stages of this pathology
Myhala, Mukuna. "Rôle du récepteur de l'acide rétinoïque RAR[bêta] dans la différenciation des cellules épithéliales pulmonaires." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1998. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3195.
Full textBouhelal, Mohammed Rochdi. "Contribution à l'étude de la régulation fonctionnelle et métabolique du système récepteur bêta-adrénergique-adénylate-cyclase." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20054.
Full textBenistant, Christine. "Recherche dans le cerveau de rat de facteurs de régulation du complexe récepteur benzodiazépines - gaba." Lyon, INSA, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ISAL0055.
Full textOiry, Catherine. "Approches pharmacologiques du mécanisme d'action du récepteur cck-b/gastrine." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON13504.
Full textMessali, Nassima. "Extended-Synaptotagmin 2 provides an essential activating platform in the immunological synapse to promote T lymphocytes differentiation." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077079.
Full textT cell receptor (TCR) engagement triggers several downstream signaling cascades that control cell survival, proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocytes. One of the important events that occur downstream of the TCR enhancing the regulation of T lymphocyte functions, is the activation of the NF-icB pathway. Indeed, upon TCR engagement the activation of the kinase PKCO triggers the formation of the CARMAl/BCL10/MALT1 (CBM) signalosome and its recruitment to the immunological synapse. The localization of the CBM complex to the synaptic membrane constitutes one of the key steps leading to the activation of the IKK complex, the core element of the NF-KB pathway. This recruitment to the immunological synapse is regulated by the SH3 domain of CARMA1 that interacts with an unknown plasma membrane protein. Recently, members of extended-synaptotagmins family (ESYTs) have been identified as endoplasmic reticulum anchored proteins that mediate contact with the plasma membrane. Among these members, we identified through a genetic approach, Extended-Synaptotagmin 2 (ESYT2) as a new interacting protein of the SH3 domain of CARMAl. We showed that ESYT2 interacts with CARMA1 in an inducible manner following the TCR stimulation in jurkat cells or the expression of the constitutive active form of PKCO in HEK-293T cells. We also demonstrated that ESYT2 mediates antigen signaling by controlling the recruitment of the CBM complex, PKCO, ADAP, NEMO and the endoplasmic reticulum to the Immunological Synapse. Moreover, we generated mice lacking ESYT2 to better understand the physiological role of ESYT2 in the activation of T lymphocytes. Analyses of these mice showed that ESYT2 is involVed in the up-regulation of CD69 and the differentiation of naïve CD4 T cells to effector and memory CD4 cells. Following TCR stimulation, ESYT2-depleted jurkat cells and mature ESYT2-deficient CD4 T cells showed a defect in the activation of the NF-KB pathway. In addition, heterozygous and homozygous knockout mice showed a severe dermatitis. Together, these results show that ESYT2 orchestrates the recruitment of the CBM complex to the immunological synapse to probably ensure cell differentiation and functions that shape up the immune adaptive response
Côté, Sylvie. "Récepteur de l'acide rétinoïque bêta, déméthylation et activation par la 5-aza-2'-désoxycytidine dans le cancer." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0006/NQ39732.pdf.
Full textAndreini, Manuel. "Synthèse et étude de C-glycosyl-b-amino acides et de leurs assemblages." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN10023/document.
Full textThe objective of this work was the design and synthesis of short glycopeptides that can fold into well defined and typical secondary structures. b-Peptides frameworks are capable of forming structurally well-defined and predictable structures on short sequences and were therefore chosen for our purpose. In addition, b-peptide backbones are resistant to peptidases and proteases. We were interested in preparing such artificial oligomers modified, like a vaste majority of proteins, by linkage to carbohydrates. The study of carbohydrate-functionalized b-peptides is expected to bring important information concerning the structural stability of such glycoconjugates. In this context, we have presented the homo-oligomerisation of the unnatural glyco-amino acid into a new class of carbopeptoïds. The conformational preference of this first class of oligomers has been assessed by spectroscopic techniques (NMR, IR, CD) and calculations. Another part of this work concerned the synthesis of C-glycosyl-b3-amino acids and O-glycosyl-b3-amino acids as building blocks in the construction of glyco-b-peptides. Finally, we were interested in the synthesis of a new class of glyco-b-amino acids analogues, which are called Na-(C-glycosyl)-hydrazino acids
Laporte, Vincent. "Elimination du peptide β-amyloi͏̈de par les cellules microgliales dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : implication du récepteur LRP." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13087.
Full textThe senile plaque is one of the fundamental markers of Alzheimer's disease. It is an extracellular lesion made up mainly of a deposit of ?eta-amyloid [A?] peptide fibrils. Accumulation of A? fibrils would induce activation of microglial cells which would result in a chronic release of inflammatory proteins. This immunological process could be the cause of the cerebral atrophy observed in patients' brain. It is thus necessary to limit the formation of the amyloid deposits by inhibiting the synthesis of A? peptide or improve its degradation. Microglia which border the amyloid deposit present functions of phagocytosis. Thus, they could be able to ingest amyloid fibres and to control the appearance of the pathological amyloid deposits in elderly. Such observations were carried out in vitro. However, studies relating interactions between microglia and A? peptide use systems in which the modeling of amyloid deposit is not perfect. This is why we developed a new model of study in which (a) murine microglial cell line established at the laboratory and (b) a new model of amyloid deposit are used. In this work, we characterized the different cell types present in the culture of microglia and we presented the model of amyloid deposit, in which A? peptide fibrils are immobilized onto heat-killed yeast surface. Lastly, we studied the fate of these artificial amyloid deposits when they are placed in contact with microglial cells: they are ingested by phagocytosis. The identification of the microglial cell receptors implied in this process was also started
Jagerschmidt, Alexandre. "Caractérisation des ARNm cérébraux codant pour le récepteur CCK-B de rat et étude structure/fonction de ce récepteur." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P619.
Full textChapellier, Éric. "Aspects de la variabilité des étoiles de type bêta CMa et 53 Per." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE4387.
Full textRamin-Mangata, Stéphane. "Le rôle du récepteur aux LDL et de PCSK9 dans le diabète de type 2." Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LARE0005.
Full textStatins are lipid-lowering drugs widely prescribed to prevent cardiovascular diseases. They inhibit the endogenous synthesis of cholesterol and thereby increase LDLR gene expression by activating the SREPB-2 transcription factor. The positive effects of statins regarding cardiovascular diseases are undisputable. However, their action is limited by the proprotein convertases subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9), the natural inhibitor of the LDL receptor (LDLR), which is also activated by the SREBP-2 transcription factor. As a result, novel lipid-lowering strategies targeting circulating PCSK9 have emerged and have been approved recently. These are the PCSK9 inhibitors. Despite their well-established beneficial effects, the use of high doses of statins for long-term treatments induces in rare instances the onset of type 2 diabetes in predisposed individuals. In addition, “loss of function” genetic variants of PCSK9 are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The effects of long term use of PCSK9 inhibitors on the risk of type 2 diabetes remain to be established. Thus, we hypothesized that cholesterol overload of insulin secreting pancreatic beta cells induced by the overexpression of the LDLR at their plasma membranes following treatment with statins and PCSK9 inhibitors may cause cell dysfunction, lower insulin secretion, and ultimately type 2 diabetes. The aims of my thesis were (i) to determine the circulating levels of PCSK9 and their modulation by statins in patients with type 2 diabetes, (ii) to determine if reduced circulating PCSK9 levels are predictive of new onset type 2 diabetes and finally (iii) to investigate the effect of statins, PCSK9, and PCSK9 inhibitors on beta cell function. Using three cohorts of patients, we showed that circulating PCSK9 plasma levels are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes and that reduced circulating PCSK9 levels are negatively associated with insulin resistance and elevated fasting blood glucose. In human pancreatic sections and human pancreatic beta cell lines, we showed for the first time that PCSK9 is expressed, synthesized and secreted only by beta cells in pancreatic islets. We did not find any significant effect of PCSK9 or PCSK9 inhibitors on glucose stimulated insulin secretion. Altogether, my thesis works underpin that the use of PCSK9 inhibitors in the clinic will probably not be diabetogenic. This is reassuring regarding the development of these new lipid-lowering therapies
Petit, Valérie. "La teneur en lipides du régime affecte les capacités d'absorption intestinale et la triglycéridémie post-prandiale : contribution du récepteur nucléaire PPARβ ?" Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOS004.
Full textIt is well known that intestinal fat absorption is efficient. However, we don’t if the high triglycerides bioavailability of gut is attributable to inborn properties or to acquired properties. To answer this question, mice were subjected to a high-fat diet (40%, w/w) during 21 days. We have shown that high-fat induces intestinal LCFA uptake, intestinal mitotic index which leads to an increase of intestinal relative mass, expression of genes involved in fatty uptake, trafficking and lipoprotein synthesis. These changes were lipid-mediated, in that they were fully abolished in mice refed the control diet. Moreover, these changes induces a higher efficiency of triglycerides clearance in blood. The molecular mechanism at the origin of this intestinal adaptation could be the nuclear receptor, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor BPPARB). Our data have shown that the intestinal overexpression of PPARB led to a low fat-mediated adaptation
Leblais, Véronique. "Caractérisation pharmacologique du récepteur β-3-adrénergique dans le système cardio-vasculaire." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA11T047.
Full textA functional β3-adrenoceptor has been recently described in the human heart. The β3- adrenoceptor stimulation, in contrast to that of β1- and β2-adrenoceptors, decreases cardiac contractility through a pertussis toxin (PTX) sensitive Guo protein. We have shown that this negative inotropic effect involves a NO Synthase (NOS) activation and an increase in intracellular cGMP level. For the first time, a channel, CFfR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator), is described as a β3-adrenoceptor effector. Furthermore, we have shown, in a heterologous mammalian expression system, that the regulation of CFfR chloride conductance by the β3-adenoceptor is independent of the cAMP/PKA pathway, but involves a PTX sensitive Giio protein. We also suggest that this regulation is not mediated by NOS and does not imply the cytosolic protein NHE-RF (Na+IH+ Exchanger Regulator Factor). Activation of CFfR could explain in part the decrease in action potential duration induced by the β3-adrenoceptor stimulation. Pharmacological tools allowed us to demonstrate that the β3-adrenoceptor is expressed in the rat aorta. The β3-adrenoceptor stimulation induces a vasorelaxation which depends on the endothelium and is mediated through the activation of a NOS pathway and an increase in intracellular cGMP level. The β3-adrenoceptor characterization in the cardiovascular system provides new cellular coupling pathways for this receptor
Leduc, Isabelle. "Contribution à l'étude du récepteur pour l'antigène des cellules lympphoïdes B humaines." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2320.
Full textCinato, Elisa. "Structure et expression du gène IFNA R2 humain : identification de la deuxième chaîne du récepteur des interférons alpha/bêta." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20042.
Full textBrunelle, Mylène. "Caractérisation de la dégradation du récepteur des hormones thyroïdiennes TRB[bêta]1 et effet de RanBPM sur ce processus." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3963.
Full textDonnard, J. "Étude et conception d'un imageur bêta à très haute résolution spatiale." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00769792.
Full textTellez, Stéphane. "Modulation noradrénergique in vivo du système nerveux central cholinergique : rôle du récepteur alpha-2 adrénergique." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30276.
Full textBaugé, Catherine. "Régulation de l'expression du récepteur de type II au TGFβ par l'interleukine-1β : rôle dans l'arthrose." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2061.
Full textCartilage homeostasis is tightly controlled by a network of regulatory cytokines, such as IL-1ß and TGFß. These cytokines which induce antagonistic effects have been showed to play a key-role in osteoarthritis. The aim of this work was performed to determine the influence of IL-1ß on TßRII expression and TGFß responsiveness in human articular chondrocytes (HAC) and to investigate the regulatory mechanisms. We showed that IL-1ß impairs TGFß signalling through TßRII down-regulation and secondarily through Smad7 up-regulation. This effect on TßRII level is due to decrease of its transcriptionnal activity and increase of its turn-over. Moreover, we demonstrated that the decrease of TßRII requires de novo protein synthesis and involves both NFB and JNK pathways. We also established that IL-1ß represses TßRII gene transcription though the TßRII core promoter and specifically though the Sp1 site localized at position -25. This regulation is mediated, at least partially, by Sp3, which is induced by IL-1ß though a mechanism dependent on NFB. These findings enlighten the regulatory process of IL-1ß on TßRII expression. Understanding the molecular basis for IL-1ß reduction of TßRII provides news insight into molecular mechanisms of OA and may facilitate identification of novel approaches for its treatment
Degagné, Émilie. "Régulation de l'expression du récepteur P2Y[indice inférieur 2] dans les maladies inflammatoires intestinales par les facteurs de transcription NF-[kappa]B et C/EBP[bêta] et son implication dans le processus de réparation de l'épithélium intestinal." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6230.
Full textGarnier, Vincent. "Le couplage du récepteur bêta-adrénergique à la protéine Gs dans l'encéphale de rat : mise en évidence d'une modulation physiologique." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA11T014.
Full textThe P-adrenoceptors (βAR) of the central nervous system are relatively less studied than those of the periphery. This work ai ms at characterising the coupling of central βAR with G8 proteins and adenylyl cyclase, to eventually show differences with those of peripheral organs. In the presence of an agonist, βAR display two different states, named low- and highaffinity states. The latter state is responsible for the signal transmission, and it was confirmed by measuring the formation of cAMP in slices of rat cortex and cerebellum which βAR were stimulated. The high-affinity state is due to the direct binding of the G8 protein to the βAR. In the periphery, an excess of GTP or of an analog - like 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate (GppNHp) -induces the separation of G8 proteins from the receptors ; the latters are then ali in the lowaffinity state. However, this conversion was only partial in the cortex and cerebellum synaptosomes, whereas it was total in rat cultured astrocytes. The G8 proteins activities in the basal state as weil as in the activated state were at least twice higher in cultured astrocytes as compared with those of synaptosomes. Subsequently to a mild detergent treatment followed by the extraction of the detergent soluble part, receptors in the high-affinity state - which proportions were clearly increased - became totally sensitive to the excess of GppNHp, and Gs proteins activities were doubled. In contrast, this treatment had no significant effect on cultured astrocytes. In reconstitution experiments with detergent - treated membranes, the detergent - soluble part allowed in a dose dependant manner the restoration - or even the induction in the case of cultured astrocytes - of the GppNHp-insensitivit y to the totality of βAR in the high-affinity state. Taken together, these results suggest the presence of a GppNHp-insensitivity factor in the rat central nervous system, able to bind to G8 proteins. This probably proteic factor could be a transmission regulator, not only for the P-adrenergic signal, but also for other receptor-G protein couples
Langin, Dominique. "Site "imidazoline" et récepteur bêta3-adrénergique du tissu adipeux : caractérisation et discrimination par rapport aux récepteurs alpha2 et bêta-adrénergiques." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30029.
Full textAbu-Helo, Alaa. "Implication de GASP-1 dans la modulation de l’activité des agonistes du récepteur bêta-2 adrénergique dans la fonction respiratoire." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ024/document.
Full textGASP1 have been shown to modulate the postendocytic sorting of different GPCRs.In order to better understand the role of GASP1 in regulating the activity and intracellular traffic king of GPCRs, we have focused our project on the functional consequences of the interaction between GASP1 and beta2-adrenergic receptor (B2AR). B2AR agonists are potent bronchodilators used in the treatment of asthma. With Dr. N. Frossard, we have shown that achronic treatment with a B2AR agonist induces the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in wild-type but not in KO GASP1 mice. Furthermore, we have shown that this phenotype is not related to a difference of B2AR receptor degradation between wild type and KO animals but correlates with an increase in collagen levels in the lungs of wild type mice that is not observed in GASP1KO animals. Altogether, our data suggest thatGASP1 is critically involved in these adaptations, which could be related to a GASP1-dependent modification of lung tissues
Cartier, Andréane. "Étude du rôle de WDR36 dans la signalisation de l'isoforme bêta du récepteur du thromboxane A[indice inférieur 2] (TPß)." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6661.
Full textGobeil, Fernand. "Caractérisation pharmacologique du récepteur B¦1 humain des kinines et de ses antagonistes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0021/NQ57001.pdf.
Full textSoullam, Bruno. "Mécanisme d'adressage du récepteur de la lamine B à la membrane nucléaire interne." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P157.
Full textRoy, Caroline. "Nouveaux ligands du récepteur B₂ de la bradykinine : endocytose dirigée et catabolisme sélectif." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24341.
Full textLefebvre, Juliette. "Rôle des facteurs de transcription de la famille des Egr, et de Spi-B, un facteur de transcription de la famille des ETS dans la sélection beta et l'engagement dans la voie T dans le thymus." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA077122.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis was to advance in our understanding of the mechanisms controlling early T cell development. I first demonstrate that expression of the ETS transcription factor Spi-B, is acutely induced as cells commit to the T lineage in mouse embryos and is then downregulated as thymocytes respond to pre-TCR signals and develop beyond the β-selection checkpoint. Dysregulation of Spi-B expression in DN3 thymocytes resulted in a dose-dependent perturbation of thymocyte development, as cells expressing ~5-times the endogenous level of Spi-B were accumulating at that stage and present an impaired induction of the Egr family of transcription. T lineage committed cells expressing even higher levels of Spi-B were diverted to the dendritic cell lineage. In addition, I demonstrate that the yδTCR can médiate efficient development to the αβ lineage, indicating that TCR stucture does not limit its ability to mediate this developmental pathway. Indeed, when the ability of a transgenic γδTCR complex to signal is impaired either by elimination of ligand or a critical proximal signaling effector, we observe an increase in the proportion of αβ lineage T cells. Moreover, I show that the ability of γôTCRs to mediate αβ rather than γδ development correlates with reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and reduced Egr transcription factor expression levels. Conversely, ectopic expression of Egr proteins favors the development of yδ T cells and influences cell fate away from the αβ T lineage in a dose-dependent manner. Our data support a signal strength model of lineage commitment, whereby stronger and weaker signals promote yô and αβ development, respectively, and in which the ERK-MAPK-Egr pathway plays a critical role
Trochu, Jean-Noël. "Nouvelles cibles pharmacologiques pour le traitement de l'insuffisance cardiaque : régulations de l'inotropisme par le récepteur bêta3-adrénergique et du métabolisme énergétique." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT01VS.
Full textWe characterized two new potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of heart failure: the cardiovascular effects of bêta3-adrenoceptors (bêta3AR) and the regulation of myocardial energetics by nitric oxide (NO). We showed that bêta3AR stimulation induced a negative inotropic effect in human heart through a pertussis toxin Gi sensitive protein and the activation of an endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) pathway. In heart failure, bêta3AR was upregulated and participated to the alteration of systolic function. In rat aorta bêta3AR was mainly located in the endothelial layer and induced an endothelium-dependant vasodilation through the activation of eNOS. During heart failure in dogs, simvastatin upregulated eNOS, improved cardiac metabolism and delayed cardiac decompensation. We hypothesize that bêta3AR can be involved in the regulation of O2 consumption through uncoupling, inotropic and NO mediated metabolic regulations
Larrouy, Dominique. "Le récepteur A1 de l'adénosine du tissu adipeux : distribution, couplage et régulation, comparaison avec le recepteur alpha2 adrénergique." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30002.
Full textMarion, Sébastien. "Influence de la dynamique intracellulaire des kinases spécifiques des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G (GRKs) et des β-arrestines sur l'état d'activation du récepteur de l'hormone folliculo-stimulante (RFSH)." Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR4001.
Full textRottiers, Patricia. "Etude de la formation des podosomes endothéliaux en réponse au TGFß : rôle essentiel du récepteur de type I, ALK1, et de la fibronectine dans un contexte d’activation de la cellule endothéliale." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13983/document.
Full textTGFB(beta), a pleiotrop cytokine, acts as an important regulator for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Our team has discovered, for the first time, that TGFB(beta) induces podosomes formation in aortic endothelial cells (EC) in vitro. Podosomes are highly dynamic adhesion microdomains formed at the ventral membrane, consisting of a core of F-actin and actin-associated proteins, surrounded by a ring structure which in turn is consisting of plaque proteins as well as signaling proteins. In addition to the presence of specific markers, they are distinguished from other adhesion structures by the presence of metalloproteases, endowing them with the ability to degrade the extracellular matrix locally. We have bringing to light these structures in the endothelium of native arterial vessel exposed to biologically active TGFB(beta), showing relevance of these structures. Endothelial cells express two types I receptors of TGFB(beta), ALK5 and ALK1, which relative function on EC are controversial. We show in our model in vitro, that podosomes formation is ALK1-dependent and are induced when EC are in an active background. Fibronectin, an extracellular matrix component which is present during active situation, is regulated by TGFB(beta)/ALK1 signaling pathway and is essential for podosomes formation. This work open up new avenues to study the role of podosomes in vascular pathophysiology. We propose that podosomes are involved in arterial vessel remodeling
Filteau, Catherine. "Développement, synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux antagonistes du récepteur B [indice] 1 des kinines." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0016/MQ56899.pdf.
Full textMonnier, Carine. "Analyse de l'activation du récepteur GABA-B : une machinerie complexe de la transmission synaptique." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20153.
Full textG-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of membrane receptors, and the target of more than 25% of drugs on the market. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of the activation of such oligomeric complexes is crucial to develop more potent drugs. The metabotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA-B) is activated by the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system (GABA). It plays an important role in brain functions and as such, it is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of various neurologic and psychiatric disorders (anxiety, epilepsy or drug addiction). The GABA-B receptor is an obligatory heterodimer composed of two subunits, GB1 and GB2, each of them possessing an extracellular domain called Venus flytrap (VFT) and a seven transmembrane domain (7TM) common to all GPCRs. The VFT of GB1 contains the GABA binding site whereas 7TM domain of GB2, where the positive allosteric modulators bind, is responsible for G-protein activation. My doctoral research project had two main objectives. The first one was to better understand the molecular mechanism underlying the activation of GABA-B receptor. We first demonstrated the importance of the relative movement of GB1 and GB2 VFT domains in the activation, using a « glycan wedge scanning » approach. In addition, we showed a direct transactivation between the two 7TM that is a key step in GABA-B activation. The second objective was the development of a sensor to monitor the GABA-B receptor activation at the cell surface of living cells. This sensor, based on GABA-B receptor conformational changes during activation used new fluorescent tools compatible with time-resolved FRET experiments. To this aim, we set up an orthogonal labelling between an ACP-tag inserted in a loop of one subunit and a Snap-tag fused to the other. This sensor of GABA-B activation should lead to the development of a medium or high throughput screening of specific GABA-B molecules
Ebrik-Al, Akoum Sahar. "Nouveaux ligands du récepteur gaba b, nouvelles pyrrolidin-2-ones : études chimique et pharmacologique." Lille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL2P261.
Full textRibeyron, Juliana. "Etude de la physiopathologie du récepteur FcγRIIB dans les lymphomes B malins non-Hodgkiniens." Grenoble 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10231.
Full textFcgammaRIIB the low affinity inhibitory receptor for IgG plas a key role in the negative regulation of immune responses. FcgammaRIIB inhibits BCR-dependent B cell functions, as well as it induces a cellular death process which is poorly characterized. Lately, a potential role of FcgammaRIIB in the tumorigenesis has been identified. In particular, the deregulated expression of FcgammaRIIB as a consequence of the chromosomal translocations in follicular lymphomas has been described. Thus, we have studied the consequences of the homoaggregation of FcgammaRIIB in human B lymphoma cell lines. We show that FcgammaRIIB homoaggregation with anti FcgammaRIIB antibody (FLI 8. 26) induced the cellular death of B lymphoma cells, but did not induce the death of normal human B lymphocytes. This cell death pathway in B tumoral cells is caspase dependent (cytochrome c release, caspase-9 cleavage, caspase-3 activation) and independent (AIF release). FcgammaRIIB receptor phosphorylation was found to be an early signalling event in this cell death pathway. Interestingly, FLI 8. 26 antibody treatment also induced the expression of HSP27. This report constitutes the first investigation of this cell death pathway in human B cells. We propose that this novel cell death pathway offers potential for therapeutic exploitation in lymphoma treatment
Blanc, Pascal. "Expression et fonction du récepteur antigénique B membranaire sur les plasmocytes médullaires producteurs d'IgM." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10026/document.
Full textPlasma cells (PC) represent the terminal differentiation stage of B lymphocytes. Their canonical function is to secrete antibodies (Abs). PC differentiation is driven by remodeling of the B cell transcriptional program, highlighted by the induction of the transcriptional repressor Blimp-1 and repression of Pax5, considered as the guardian of B cell identity. The dogma holds that PC, as opposed to B cells, have lost the Ag recognition capacity because they have switched from expression of a membrane-bound Ag receptor (mBCR) to production of the secreted form of the BCR (Abs). Here, we have compared the phenotypical and functional attributes of memory PC generated by the T cell-dependent (TD) and T-cell independent (TI) forms of the hapten NP. Our data show that TI NP-specific bone marrow (BM) PC generated by NP-dextran retain an Ag-binding capacity comparable to that of B cells long after immunization while TD NP-specific BM PC do not. We found that this difference is not imputable to the structure of the immunogen but is a specific feature of IgM-expressing PC, which are prominent in response to TI Ag. Upon Ag recognition in vitro, the mBCR of IgM+ BM PC promotes: i) Ca++ mobilization, ii) phosphorylation of Syk and Blnk, iii) Ag internalization and phosphorylation of the late endosomal kinase Erk. Finally, we demonstrate that Ag recall in vivo induces significant changes in the gene expression profile of NP-specific IgM+ BM PC with evidence for activation of a cytokine production program characterized in particular by up-regulation of the CCL5 and IL10 transcripts. In conclusion, our data show that IgM-expressing BM PC can sense Ag and may be driven to express a regulatory function upon Ag recall
Eric, Jadranka. "Expression du récepteur B[indice inférieur 1] de la bradykinine dans l'inflammation allergique pulmonaire." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2001. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3265.
Full textGobeil, Fernand Junior. "Caractérisation pharmacologique du récepteur B [indice] 1 humain des kinines et de ses antagonistes." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 1998. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4123.
Full textFusil, Floriane. "Expansion in vivo des cellules génétiquement corrigées et sécurité oncongénique : application a la thérapie génique des hémoglobinopathies." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA077052.
Full textGene therapy by transplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells would be ideal for patients with genetic blood diseases. The foremost advantage of infusing genetically modified autologous cells is to avoid the risk of graft-versus-host disease and the host immunosuppression necessary for preventing graft rejection. However, cytoreductive regimens are still required to achieve significant chimerism with small number of modified hematopoietic stem cells. One question is how to establish a stable chimerism with maximal repopulation by genetically modified cells, with minimal or without conditioning, with low number of corrected stem cells and with no risk of abnormal cell proliferation. We tested in vivo the cell expansion ability of two Systems based on erythropoietin and its receptor, especially adapted for gene therapy of hemoglobinopathies. A truncated EpoR, together with the p-globin transgene, induced a 100-fold expansion of erythroid cells in a mouse model of p-thalassemia. The second objective was to develop an acquired preleukemic mouse model in order to evaluate the oncogenic risk of a viral LentiGlobin vector for gene therapy of erythroid cell disorders. A toxicology study was performed in irradiated mice transplanted with bone marrow cells from donor transgenic mice overexpressing Spi-1 (commonly activated oncogene in Friend-mediated mouse erythroleukemias), with hightened susceptibility towards this hematological malignancy. The LentiGlobin vectors did not increase the leukemic risk
Sawaf, Matthieu. "Le récepteur co-inhibiteur BTLA au cours du lupus érythémateux disséminé (LED) : aspects fondamentaux et implications thérapeutiques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ016.
Full textSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lesions in several organs such as kidneys, lungs and skin for instance. In this pathology, an excessive activation of the immune system leads to the production of autoantibodies targeting mainly nuclear antigens. B cell differentiation into antibody-secreting cells requires a close collaboration between T and B cells. This cross-talk is regulated by various cellular and molecular factors in order to mount an efficient humoral response in case of infection, but also to prevent autoimmune disease development. The aim of my thesis was to study two regulating factors of the B cell response, one promoting the B cell differentiation into plasma cells, i.e the follicular helper T cells (TFH) and the other one inhibiting lymphocyte activation, i.e a co-inhibitory receptor called BTLA (« B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator ») in human SLE. In this study, we first improved our knowledge concerning human circulating TFH cells, by describing among the CXCR3-CCR6- TFH cell subset, a population with suppressive capacities. Moreover, we suggested that the decreased frequency of TFH1 in lupus patients’ blood could be explained by the migration of these cells into inflamed tissues. We also highlighted a BTLA functional deficiency in lupus CD4+ T cells. This deficiency, which can be restored by normalizing the lipid metabolism, seems to be associated to disease severity. Furthermore, we described an altered expression of BTLA in lupus B cells and regulatory T cells. Altogether, our data show promising results and suggest new potential therapeutic strategies for lupus treatment