Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Récepteurs 5-HT1A'
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Varrault, Annie. "Mécanismes d'actions moléculaires et cellulaires des récepteurs de la sérotonine 5-HT1A." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON13508.
Full textLemoine, Laëtitia. "Apports de la TEP dans l'imagerie moléculaire des récepteurs sérotoninergiques 5-HT1A et 5-HT7." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863811.
Full textLemoine, Laëtitia. "Apports de la TEP dans l’imagerie moléculaire des récepteurs sérotoninergiques 5-HT1A et 5-HT7." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10039/document.
Full textThe serotonergic system, implicated in several diseases of central nervous system, can be explored in vivo by PET imaging (positron emission tomography). The research and the preclinical validation of radiotracers that specifically target serotonin are crucial. In this work, we focused on two serotonin receptors for which we have developed molecular tools for functional imaging: (i) the 5-HT1A and (ii) the 5-HT7. (i) 5-HT1A receptors are among the serotonin receptors the best described at present. However, if PET radiotracers are already available, they are antagonists and bind either to 5-HT1A receptors, G protein-coupled and functional, and to 5-HT1A receptors decoupled and non-functional. We therefore proposed an original strategy to develop a 5-HT1A agonist labeled with fluorine to access imagery of functional receptors. Two molecules, the F15599 and F13714, initially developed for their antidepressant properties by an industrial partner, were radiolabeled with fluorine-18 and were evaluated in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo in rats and cats. Our results show that the [18F] F13714 may view in a new way the 5-HT1A G protein-coupled (ii) The second focus of this thesis for the 5-HT7, recently discovered and proposed as a therapeutic target antidepressant. Unlike the 5-HT1A, 5-HT7 receptors do not yet have PET radiotracer. Our approach was to select, from the pharmacophore of the receptor, four structures of 5-HT7 antagonists, synthesized by a lab partner in chemistry: the 2FP3, the 4FP3, the 2FPMP and 4FPMP. Our radiopharmacology in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo led us to retain a radiotracer, the [18F] 2FP3. At the conclusion of this thesis CIFRE, we can propose two originals PET radiotracers , opening new perspectives for molecular imaging of neurotransmission of 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors and which we plan further development as clinical radiopharmaceuticals
Wolff, Mathieu. "Caractérisation cognitive de souris mutantes pour les récepteurs 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B et 5-HT4 : aspects méthodologiques, dissociations comportementales et systèmes de mémoire." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12854.
Full textVidal, Benjamin. "La neuroimagerie TEP-IRM pour l'exploration de l'agonisme des récepteurs 5-HT1A." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1235/document.
Full textSince the 1990s, PET imaging of 5-HT1A receptors has led to an increased understanding of the pathophysiological role of these receptors. However, the coupling between 5-HT1A receptors and G-proteins, which may be altered during pathologies, cannot be explored using current radiotracers. The work carried out in this thesis aims to promote the use of translational imaging techniques to explore the coupling of 5-HT1A receptors in vivo. In the first part, we evaluated the 5-HT1A receptor agonist F13640 as a PET radiotracer candidate. Taken together, the results suggest that [18F]F13640 binds specifically to coupled 5-HT1A receptors and displays novel properties and distribution pattern compared to classical 5-HT1A radiotracers. The second part was a proof-of-concept study regarding the interest of coupled 5-HT1A receptors imaging. Densities of coupled and total receptors were compared in postmortem autoradiography during Alzheimer’s disease. [18F]F13640 binding in hippocampus was decreased in the early stages, whereas [18F]MPPF binding was reduced in the advanced stages only. These results confirm the complementarity between 5-HT1A receptor agonists and antagonist tracers in PET imaging.In the last part we focused on the concept of biased agonism, which implies the possibility of targeting different populations of 5-HT1A receptors depending on their coupling with G-proteins. F13640 and F15599 were compared at pharmacological doses using PET and fMRI imaging. The two agonists produce different hemodynamic and metabolic responses in rat brain. They also differ in cat brain in terms of receptor occupancy and subsequent hemodynamic responses. Taken together, the results are consistent with a preferential stimulation of postsynaptic receptors over autoreceptors for F15599, in contrast with F13640
Becker, Guillaume. "Nouveaux concepts pour une imagerie fonctionnelle des récepteurs sérotoninergiques 5-HT1A et 5-HT6 lors de processus neurodégénératifs." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10270/document.
Full textPET imaging using 5-HT1A radiotracers shows a modified expression of this serotonin receptor in the hippocampus of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, these antagonists PET radioligands bind indiscriminately to the functional and the non-functional states of 5-HT1A receptors. The comparison of a PET agonist, binding selectively to the functional receptors, with a PET antagonist would therefore provide original information on 5-HT1A receptor impairment during AD. We found that [18F]F15599 in vitro binding decreased in dentate gyrus of AD patients. In contrast, binding of [18F]MPPF was unchanged. These results support the concept of functional PET imaging using agonist radiotracers in clinical studies. Then, we compared with functional MRI (PhMRI) the pharmacological profile of three 5-HT1A agonists (8-OH-DPAT, F13714 and F15599) and one antagonist (MPPF). PhMRI revealed that each molecule has its specific activation pattern, opening new ways in pharmacology or imaging. Finally, we developed in collaboration with chemists several 5-HT6 radioligand-candidates and evaluated their characteristics for PET imaging. Three radiotracers were evaluated in vitro and in vivo in rodent and feline models. We concluded that [18F]2FNQ1P is the first radioligand with suitable characteristics for PET imaging of 5-HT6 receptors, justifying further evaluations
Alexandre, Chloé. "Sérotonine et états de vigilance : implications du transporteur et des récepteurs 5-HT1A et 5-HT1B de la sérotonine dans la régulation du sommeil chez la souris." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066553.
Full textDidelot, Adrien. "Étude par la TEP au [18F]MPPF des récepteurs cérébraux sérotoninergiques 5-HT1A dans l’épilepsie du lobe temporal." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10104/document.
Full textIn patients suffering from epilepsy, no neuroimaging method has proved able to delineate the epileptogenic zone (EZ), which is defined by the area of cortex required to generate the epileptic seizures. About one third of patient suffering from temporal lobe epilepsies (TLE) are not seizure free after surgery after removal of the cortical area supposed to included the EZ according to the presurgical evaluation. Data from previous studies carried out in our departement suggested that decreases of the [18F]MPPF binding potential (BPND) correlated, at the group level, with cortical epileptogenicity. Our aim was to validate the relevance of [18F]MPPF PET at the individual level for identifying the EZ in TLE. In a first study, the [18F]MPPF PET of 42 patients suffering from TLE were visually and statistically analyzed and compared with [18F]FDG PET, which were performed in the same group of patients during their presurgical evaluation. In a second study, we developed a voxel based analysis of asymmetry index (AI) of [18F]MPPF binding and compared the sensibility and specificity of this method to those of conventional SPM analysis of [18F]MPPF PET data. This second study was carried out in 24 patients, who have been operated and remained seizure-free after surgery. Two statistical thresholds (p< 0.05 corrected at the voxel level and p< 0.05 corrected at the cluster level) were used for each method. In a last study, the correlation between the depressive symptoms and the BPND of [18F]MPPF was studied in 24 patients suffering from TLE. These three studies lead to the following conclusions: i) [18F]MPPF PET is more performant than [18F]FDG PET for identifying the epileptogenic lobe in patients suffering from TLE, ii) AI analysis with a statistical threshold of p< 0.05 corrected at the cluster is the method of analysis of [18F]MPPF PET that allowed EZ identification with the best sensitivity [96%] and specificity [88%] in TLE, iii) at the group level, depressive symptoms positively correlate with an increase of the BPND of [18F]MPPF BPND within the raphe nuclei and the insula controlateral to the EZ
Carrel, Damien. "Mécanismes d'adressage des recepteurs 5-HT1A et 5-HT1B de la sérotonine : caractérisation de motifs dans la séquence des récepteurs et identification de protéines partenaires." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066346.
Full textKoenig, Julie. "Implication des récepteurs 5-HT1A du septum médian dans la mémoire spatiale chez le rat." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/KOENIG_Julie_2007.pdf.
Full textThis thesis aims at characterizing the implication of 5-HT1A receptors of the medial septum in spatial memory in the Rat. We investigated the effects of an intraseptal infusion of 8-OH-DPAT, a mixed 5HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors agonist, on reference memory performances in the Morris Water Maze. The 8-OH-DPAT-induced deficits in this test cannot be explained by a perturbation of anxiety, locomotor activity, sensorimotor or motivational abilities. However, our results show that 8-OH-DPAT impairs declarative-like information encoding or consolidation within a given postacquisition time window. Moreover, 8-OH-DPAT-induced deficits involve activation of 5-HT1A receptors but not of 5-HT7 receptors by a mechanism to which cholinergic neurons of the medial septum are not essential
Mannoury, La Cour Clotilde. "Aspects moléculaires et fonctionnels de la régulation des récepteurs 5-HT1A : implication dans le mécanisme d'action des antidépresseurs." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05P611.
Full textLerond, Jérôme. "Système sérotoninergique 5-HT1A et schizophrénie : étude par tomographie par émission de positons au p-[18F]MPPF chez des patients schizophrènes traités par antipsychotiques." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10152/document.
Full textBackgrounds: Multiple post-mortem and pharmacological studies suggest a key role of the serotonergic 1A (5-HT1A) system in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Materials and methods: The aim of our work was to assess the 5-HT1A receptors availability In patients suffering from schizophrenia treated with different antipsychotic drugs, compared to controls, using a new ligand antagonist of 5-HT1A receptors, the [18F]MPPF. The 5-HT1A binding potential of 19 schizophrenic patients (treated with either aripiprazole (a 5-HT1A partial agonist) or Second Generation Antipsychotic (olanzapine or risperidone) was compared with that of 19 age-matched healthy controls. This is the first report of a [18F]MPPF PET study in treated patients with schizophrenia. Results: A significant reduction of [18F]MPPF BPND was found in treated patients with schizophrenia compared to age- and gender-matched healthy subjects. These modifications were mainly localized in the frontal and orbitofrontal cortex and may reflect either the pathophysiology of schizophrenia or medication effects. In comparison to matched healthy subjects, the reduction of 5-HT1A receptor availability was more extensive in schizophrenic patients with aripiprazole treatment than in schizophrenic patients with SGA treatment. Conclusion: These results suggest that aripiprazole has a major impact on [18F]MPPF BPND, likely due to its partial agonist activity at 5-HT1A receptors. In order to distinguish the relative contributions of the disease itself versus medication effects, future [18F]MPPF studies should be performed in APD-naïve patients with schizophrenia
Xia, Lin. "Analyse de profils d'expression génique dans des modèles murins d'anxiété/dépression." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923149.
Full textDidelot, Adrien. "Étude par la TEP au [18F]MPPF des récepteurs cérébraux sérotoninergiques 5-HT1A dans l'épilepsie du lobe temporal." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00705810.
Full textBonnavion, Patricia. "Circuits neuronaux du tronc cérébral impliqués dans la régulation des états de vigilance : distribution et rôle des récepteurs 5-HT1A." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066407.
Full textAmar, Elodie. "L’internalisation du récepteur 5-HT1A dans les neurones centraux : Développement de modèles cellulaires pour l’étude des mécanismes sous-jacents et des corrélats fonctionnels." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05P625/document.
Full textPas de résumé en anglais
Forget, Benoit. "Effets motivationnels de la nicotine chez le rat.Implication des endocannabinoïdes et d'autres systèmes de neurotransmission." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00194206.
Full textNous avons montré, chez le rat, que la nicotine induit une préférence de place conditionnée (PPC) reproductible et durable (pendant au moins 12 semaines), et ceci à très faible dose (0,06 mg/kg), qui est donc perçue comme « plaisante » par les animaux.
Le blocage des récepteurs CB1 et α1 adrénergiques s'oppose à la fois à l'établissement et à l'expression à court terme de la PPC induite par la nicotine. En revanche, il n'empêche pas l'expression à long terme de ce comportement, ce qui indique que des changements neuroadaptatifs se mettent en place dans les semaines qui suivent le conditionnement, rendant l'expression à long terme indépendante de la stimulation de ces 2 récepteurs. Ces changements neuroadaptatifs se développent progressivement pendant les 3 semaines post-acquisition et sont sous la dépendance d'endocannabinoïdes. De plus, le conditionnement à la nicotine, avec ou sans rimonabant, ne modifie pas la fonctionnalité des récepteurs CB1, D2 et 5-HT1A dans les structures cérébrales étudiées. Enfin, un déconditionnement actif n'éteint la PPC induite par la nicotine que chez une partie des animaux, et l'administration d'une dose-test de nicotine induit une réactivation de la PPC chez ces rats. Dans leur ensemble, ces données laissent à penser que les récepteurs CB1 et/ou α1 adrénergiques jouent un rôle majeur dans les mécanismes qui sous-tendent les effets plaisants de la nicotine.
Forget, Benoît Claude. "Effets motivationnels de la nicotine chez le rat : implication des endocannabinoïdes et d'autres systèmes de neurotransmission." Paris 6, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00194206.
Full textGuilloux, Jean-Philippe. "Intérêt du (±)-pindolol en co-administration avec un antidépresseur sérotoninergique : étude du rôle des récepteurs 1A et 1B de la sérotonine : approche pharmacologique et génétique." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA114819.
Full text(±)-pindolol seems to be useful to shorten the onset of action (4-6 weeks) of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of human depression. As the precise mechanism of action of pindolol is still unknown, we tried to highlight it using behavourial (forced swimming test) and neurochemical (in vivo intracerebral microdialysis) tests with a pharmacological and genetical approaches (using 5-HT1A receptor antagonists and 5-HT1A and/or 5-HT1B receptor knockout [KO] mice, respectively). Neurochemical experiments showed a partial agonist activity of pindolol on 5-HT1A presynaptic receptors in the dorsal raphé nucleus. In contrary, its behavioural effects may be related to its antagonistic activity at 5-HT1B postsynaptic receptors. Finally, 5-HT1A/1B receptors knockout mice might be a new model of anxiety to test the putative anxiolytic-like activity of new drugs
Karaki, Samah. "Caractérisation de nouveaux substrats moléculaires des agonistes hallucinogènes du récepteur 5-HT2A par une approche phosphoprotéomique quantitative." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20153.
Full textThe serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)2A receptor has been identified as the primary target of psychedelic hallucinogens such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), which reproduce some of the core symptoms of schizophrenia. A non-resolved paradox is that only some 5-HT2A receptor agonists exhibit hallucinogenic activity, whereas structurally related compounds with comparable affinity and agonist activity lack psychoactive properties. Using a quantitative phosphoproteomic approach combining stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC), phosphopeptide enrichment by hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) / immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) and high resolution mass spectrometry, we compared the phosphoproteome in HEK-293 cells transiently expressing the 5-HT2A receptor under three conditions: non-stimulated cells, cells exposed to the phenethylamine hallucinogen 1-[2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl]-2-aminopropane (DOI) and cells exposed to the non-hallucinogenic 5-HT2A agonist lisuride. Among the 5,996 identified phosphopeptides, 454 were specifically regulated by DOI but not by lisuride. These include a serine residue of 5-HT2A receptor possibly involved in regulation of receptor desensitization which was specifically phosphorylated upon DOI exposure. Differential phosphorylation of 5-HT2A receptor in cells exposed to hallucinogenic (DOI and LSD) vs. non-hallucinogenic (lisuride and ergotamine) agonists was further confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis of purified receptor. Correspondingly, cell exposure to hallucinogenic agonists induced a less pronounced receptor desensitization and internalization than exposure to non-hallucinogenic agonists. In conclusion, our phosphoproteomic analysis revealed that 5-HT2A receptor stimulation by hallucinogenic and non hallucinogenic agonists induces different phosphorylation patterns that might underlie their distinct behavioural responses. It also provides one of the first demonstrations of differential phosphorylation of a G protein-coupled receptor upon stimulation by biased agonists
Cherqui, Claudie. "Rôle des récepteurs 5-HT1 dans la régulation cardiovasculaire." Poitiers, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989POIT2287.
Full textRenault, Nicolas. "Etude structurale in silico des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G appliquée au criblage virtuel de ligands mélatoninergiques, sérotoninergiques et cannabinergiques." Thesis, Lille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL2S060.
Full textIdentified as highly relevant therapeutical targets, the MT, and MT2 melatonin receptors, the5-HT2C serotonin and the CB2 cannabinoid receptors, which belong to the rhodopsin-like G proteincoupledreceptors (GPCRs) subfamily, have been studied by in silico approaches in order to identifycritical structural features for the binding, the selectivity and the pharmacological activity of theirligands. Gaining by sottie recent crystallographic data, various conformational states of these fourreceptors have been modeled according to the expected pharmacological profile. The comparativestudy of these various conformational states by molecular dynamics simulations has led to emphasizethe crucial rôle of the E2 extracellular loop and hélix 6 in the activation mechanisms of these GPCRs.On the basis of chemoinformatic methods, the virtual ligand screening targeting these threedimensionalmodels has promoted the characterization of a 5-HT2C receptor model able to bindspecifically inverse agonist ligands and the identification of pharmacological hits targeting the MTiand CB2 receptors
Rammal, Hassan. "L'anxiété trait et son lien avec l'expression des sous-unités des récepteurs (GABAA, 5-HT1A, µ-opioïdes et x1-adrénérgiques) et des marqueurs du stress oxydatif au niveau du SNC (neurones et cellules gliales) et au niveau périphérique (immunité cellulaire et humorale) : évaluation des effets de substances naturelles à potentiel cytoprotecteur." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ018S/document.
Full textIn this study, genes expression from four central receptors (GABAA, 5-HT1A, m-opioïdes and a1-adrenergic) involved in the modulation of anxiety was assessed. The impact of anxiety on the cellular and humoral immunity and on the oxidative status at the SNC (neurons and glial cells) and peripheral (lymphocytes, granulocytes and monocytes) level was highlighted. At the same time, the effect of anxiety coupled with an anxiogenic restraint stress, on the cellular and humoral immunity was also evaluated. Indeed, the high level of anxiety induced firstly, a significant depressive effect on cellular (total lymphocytes, TCD4+ and TCD8+) and humoral (IgA and IgE) immunity, and secondly, a significant increase of the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) of neurons and glial cells in the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum and the hippocampus and in the peripheral blood granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes. In the same way, the anxiety coupled to acute and chronic restraint stress provoked, a depression of some parameters of cellular (total lymphocytes, TCD4+, TCD8+ and NK) and humoral (IgA, E and G) immunity, and a stimulation of others (granulocytes and monocytes). These works thus made it possible to validate scientifically the anxiogenic character of the model of restraint stress, to establish in a valid and reproducible way the bond and the correlation between the high level of anxiety in animals and their oxidative status inductive of a cytotoxicity as well as the role of the expression of coding genes of 4 receptors in the expression of this high anxiety and of a significant oxidative status at the level of the peripheral cells of the immune system and the neurons and glial cells at the central level
Colas, Alexandre. "Implication des signaux FGF et de Mix. 1/2 dans la spécification du pronéphros chez le Xénope." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066409.
Full textIn Xenopus, mesodermal cell commitment toward a muscle, blood, or kidney fate takes place during gastrulation. This process relies mostly on these cells to be exposed to a combinatorial of signals (Wnt, BMP, Nodal/Activin, FGF, Retinoic acid). The nature and the intensity of this combinatorial of signals will seal their destiny. The first part of my PhD work aimed at localizing precisely embryonic kidney (pronephros) cells precursors inside the mesodermal germ layer at early gastrula stage. The second part of this work, focused on studying the role of FGF signals on pronephric cells specification during gastrulation. My results show that, pronephric precursors cells are exposed to FGF signals during gastrulation, but have to be removed from FGF influence during the second part of gastrulation. I also show that Mix. 1/2 are involved in this process by regulating negatively FGF4 and FGF8 expression
Marot, Christophe. "Conception de nouvelles molécules à activité sérotoninergique par des méthodes QSAR et des études de dynamique moléculaire de complexe ligands /récepteur." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00148822.
Full textLouis, Caroline. "Rôle dynamique de la sérotonine et de la dopamine cérébrales chez le rat soumis à des situations d'anxiété : étude par microdialyse in vivo." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA11T007.
Full textSerotonin (5-HT) is thought to be involved in anxiety-related disorders, and dopamine (DA) in response to stress. Using an intracerebral microdialysis technique, variations of extracellular 5-HT (5-HText) or DA (DAext) levels were studied in rats subjected to benzodiazepine-sensitive paradigms. Two operant conflict procedures and a test of neophobia have been validated. Cortical DAext and 5-HText levels, and hippocampal 5-HText levels were modified neither during the punished period of conflict procedures, nor in rats given diazepam, at a dose which induced an anxiolytic-like release of punished responding. Buspirone had no effect on behavioral blockade and did not modify hippocampal 5-HText levels. A modest increase in cortical DAext was observed during food eating and in the open field test of neophobia. Thus, mesocortical DA and mesocorticolimbic 5-HT systems seem not to play a pivotal role in the anxiolytic effect of benzodiazepines, at least as it is approached in conflict procedures. In the striatum, 5-HText levels increased during the open field test and during the punished period of the operant conflict procedure in a subgroup of rats classified as ‘low responders’. Both biochemical and behavioral modifications were counteracted by diazepam. Striatal 5-HText levels did not change in 'high responder' rats or in rats given non contingent footshocks. 5,7-DHT lesion studies suggested that the 5-HT fibers afferent to the striatum are not solely responsible for the punishment-induced behavioral blockade. However these fibers are clearly involved in the adaptation of the animals to low rhythm of reward. The anticonflict activity of benzodiazepines might therefore be attributed to a reduction in 5-HT transmission in motor structures, in keeping with clinical data suggesting an important role of 5-HT in the control of impulsive-related behaviour
Espinosa, José. "Étude des effets des champs magnétiques basses fréquences sur le récepteur 5-HT1B de rat." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13125.
Full textAllgeier, Anouk. "Etude de la signalisation transmembranaire médiée par les récepteurs 5-HT1D de la sérotonine et de la thyrotropine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212159.
Full textErnouf, Dominique. "Alcoolisme et systèmes monoaminergiques : études comportementales et neurochimiques, chez l'animal et l'homme traités par des principes actifs noradrénergique et sérotoninergique, sur le sevrage et la consommation alcooliques." Tours, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOUR3803.
Full textBougarel, Laure. "Validation de la résignation apprise chez la souris : étude de modèles animaux de dépression." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10168.
Full textStudies on animal models are essential to the development of new antidepressants, to the understanding of their mechanisms of action and to the mechanisms underlying depressive disorders. Genetics factors play an important role in the etiology of mood disorders. Our research team elaborated a model based on the selective breeding of mice displaying a behavioural trait of the depression symptomatology. On the basis of the behaviour in the TST, two strains of mice with “helpless” or “non helpless” phenotype were developed. During this work, we validated a learned helplessness protocol in CD1 mice. This paradigm consists in i) a conditioning period. ii) an escape test. It has been found that 4 conditioning periods with 0.3 mA shocks were necessary to induce helplessness. A second learned helplessness protocol was developed in CD1 mice, consisting in 4 conditioning periods followed by escape test in D5, D10, D15 and D20. A “shock reminder” at D8 allowed to maintain helplessness up to D20. This new protocol is particularly appropriate for investigating effects of chronic treatments. The selective breeding lines (from 8 strains of mice) were based on their performance in either the tail suspension test or the forced swimmed test. The results confirmed that lines models (bred from 8 lines) have not only behavioural differences but also display different biochemical characteristics
Januel, Dominique. "Étude du mécanisme d'action du lithium sur le récepteur 5-HT1B : implication clinique de l'association lithium-clomipramine dans la dépression unipolaire." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066187.
Full textCostes, Nicolas. "Neurotransmission sérotoninergique 5-HT1A : approche méthodologique de la mesure in vivo par le [18F]MPPF en tomographie par émission de positons." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00180894.
Full textLes travaux contenus dans cette thèse comprennent : i/ une expérience de modélisation compartimentale des échanges in vivo entre le ligand et son récepteur soutenue par une étude chez un échantillon réduit d'hommes sains dans un protocole TEP multi-injection de [18F]MPPF, ii/ la recherche et la validation d'un protocole de modélisation simplifiée grâce à la connaissance du modèle complexe élaboré dans l'expérimentation multi-injection, iii/ la réalisation d'une base de données normative du marquage des récepteur 5HT1A par le [18F]MPPF dans le cas sain, chez les hommes et les femmes au cours de la vie adulte, IV/ la réalisation d'un étude TEP test-retest pour la connaissance de la reproductibilité de la mesure au [18F]MPPF, V/ la constitution d'une base de données simulées par la méthode de Monte-Carlo pour le développement et la validation des outils de correction et d'exploitation de la mesure quantitative de la fixation du traceur.
La base simulée est utilisée pour la mise au point de méthodes de correction (effet de volume partiel) ou de détection (libération de sérotonine endogène).
L'application des travaux expérimentaux est exposée dans le contexte d'une utilisation de cette mesure quantitative à l'usage de la recherche clinique.
Ce travail constitue une phase importante dans le développement d'un traceur : il se situe à l'interface entre les expérimentations biologiques sur l'animal et l'utilisation du traceur TEP dans un examen chez l'Homme.
Soumier, Amélie. "Régulation de la neurogenèse adulte par les antidépresseurs et par les récepteurs 5HT-1A et 5HT-2C." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22019.pdf.
Full textGazzeri, Sylvie. "Étude de l'interaction de la minaprine, un nouvel antidépresseur, avec le fonctionnement moléculaire du récepteur sérotonergique 5-HT1." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120040.
Full textBerhault, Yohann. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation de ligands pour l’imagerie par tomographie d’émission monophotonique (TEMP) du récepteur 5-HT7." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN2042.
Full textThe human 5-HT7 receptor is the latest 5-HT receptor subtype identified. Its implication in important functional roles such as learning and memory processes has been established. It is also involved in psychiatric and neurological disorders, such as epilepsy and schizophrenia. In order to increase the knowledge about the different roles of 5-HT7R, the radioligand development for this receptor has a potential interest. Taking into account the scientific literature and preliminary works performed in our laboratory, we have synthetized radioligands for Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) studies of 5-HT7R in the indazole series. To reach this goal, two methodologies of selective functionalisation of the indazole ring have been developed. The first method is a selective metallation of iodoindazoles at C-3 position using TMPMgCl. LiCl as base allowing an efficient insertion of thioalkyl chains. The second method is a selective iodination of 1-phenyl-1H-indazoles at ortho position via a C-H activation reaction. With these two new methods, a synthetic route has been established to obtain the desired compounds. A total of 17 compounds have been obtained. Two of them have an affinity for the 5-HT7R around 10. 0 nM. These two molecules are currently under investigation as 5HT7R SPECT radiotracers
Al, Awabdh Sana. "Mécanisme d'adressage dendritique du récepteur 5-HT1A de la sérotonine : identification de Yif1B, protéine d'échafaudage essentielle au recrutement de Rab6, Yip1A et de la tubuline." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066198.
Full textThe serotoninergic 5-HT1A receptors localized at the plasma membrane of the soma and dendrites of the raphe neurons play a key role in the onset of antidepressant action. The aim of my work was to identify partner proteins involved in the polarized 5-HT1A receptor targeting in neurons. Thus, these proteins could be news targets for innovative therapeutic strategies. Following the discovery in the Lab of Yif1B, the first 5-HT1A receptor partner protein implicated in its dendritic targeting, the first part of my thesis work has resulted in the characterization of the interaction between the 5-HT1A receptor and Yif1B. By combining directed mutagenesis, GST-Pull Down and Surface Plasmon Resonance (or Biacore), I have highlighted the role of a tribasic motif in the C-tail of the 5-HT1A receptor, that is in direct interaction with three aspartic acid residues in the N-tail of Yif1B. In the second part of my work, I have characterized the mechanism of this specific trafficking by a multidisciplinary approach combining proteomic, biochemistry, topological analysis on primary culture of hippocampal neurons and videomicroscopy on live neurons. Thus, I have identified a new dendritic targeting pathway involving Yif1B as a scaffold protein assembling the 5-HT1A receptor with Yip1A and Rab6, two other partners of the vesicular cargo complex transporting the receptor along the dendritic microtubules. Finally, the identification of the molecular motors involved in this addressing process complete the description of this new pathway
Hammoumi, Saloua. "Implication du système sérotoninergique dans la régulation de la dépendance à l'alcool." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES093.
Full textChenu, Franck. "Rôle des récepteurs 5-HT1B et de la dopamine dans l'activité de type antidépresseur des IRSSs dans le test de la nage forcée chez la souris." Nantes, 2006. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=018f5f37-7688-4cb7-a45d-71466d15ddc9.
Full textSSRIs induce an increase in extracellular serotonin which is responsible of their antidepressant-like (AD-like) properties. Among all 5-HT receptors subtypes activated, 5-HT1B subtype appears to be strongly involved in the mediation of this anti-immobility effect. Indeed, 5-HT1B receptors activation (following local or systemic infusion of anpirtoline) induces an AD-like effect, whereas 5-HT1B receptor blockade antagonises the activity of SSRIs. Anpirtoline being still efficient in 5-HT1B autoreceptors of lesioned mice it suggests that AD-like effects of 5-HT1B receptors agonists are mediated by activation of 5-HT1B heteroreceptors. Since AD-like effect of SSRIs is absent on dopamine lesioned mice, we have suggested that SSRIs activity requires an enhancement of dopamine neurotransmission to occur, and that this enhancement appears further to the activation of 5-HT1B receptor
Ladarré, Delphine. "Neuronal polarization shapes the targeting and signaling of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) : type-1 cannabinoid receptors and 5-HT1B serotonin receptors show highly contrasted trafficking and signaling patterns in axons and dendrites." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05T070/document.
Full textPolarized neuronal architecture is achieved and maintained mainly through highly controlled targeting of proteins to axons versus to the somatodendritic compartment. Among these proteins, neuronal G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are key therapeutic targets. However, their pharmacology is generally studied in non-polarized cell lines, and results obtained in such systems likely do not fully characterize the physiological effects of brain GPCR activation. Therefore, a main research subject of our group is to understand how neuronal polarity influences GPCR pharmacology, by studying one of the most abundant GPCR in the brain: the type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R). Previous studies of the group suggested that CB1Rs achieve axonal polarization through transcytotic targeting: after their synthesis, these receptors appear on the somatodendritic plasma membrane from where they are removed rapidly by constitutive endocytosis and then targeted to the axonal plasma membrane where they accumulate due to relatively reduced endocytosis rate. At the beginning of my PhD project we directly demonstrated this differential endocytosis and transcytotic transport of CB1Rs by using cultured neurons in microfluidic devices. Moreover, we showed that chronic pharmacological treatments may strongly change neuronal GPCR distribution on the neuronal surface. These results demonstrate that subdomain-dependent steady-state endocytosis, which is pharmacologically controllable, is important for GPCR distribution in neurons. In a second part, we asked if differential traffic of CB1Rs between axons and dendrites is correlated with differential pharmacology. CB1R is predominantly coupled to Gi/o proteins and is known to inhibit cAMP production. Thus, we developed live Föster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) imaging in cultured hippocampal neurons in order to measure basal cAMP/PKA pathway modulation downstream of endogenous CB1Rs in all neuronal compartments: in somata, in dendrites but also in the very thin mature axons. Our results show that CB1R displays differential pharmacology between axon and dendrites. Notably, its activation leads to a stronger decrease of PKA activity in axons compared to dendrites, due to increased number of membrane receptors in this compartment. Moreover, we demonstrate that somatodendritic CB1Rs constitutively inhibit cAMP/PKA pathway, while axonal receptors do not. This difference is due to polarized distribution of DAGLipase, the enzyme that synthesizes the major endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Moreover, blocking DAGL by pharmacological treatment modifies somatodendritic, but not axonal effects of several CB1R agonists, possibly through allosteric action. In a third part, we asked if the above results may be generalized to other GPCRs. Because the axonal targeting and in vitro pharmacology of 5-HT1B serotonin receptors demonstrate strong similarities with CB1Rs, we studied their neuronal pharmacology by using the previously developed FRET technique. We found similar differential responses to pharmacological treatments between axon and dendrites. In a fourth part, we investigated the role of the threonine 210 (T210) residue in the constitutive activity of neuronal CB1R. We showed that the hypoactive mutant T210A-CB1R do not constitutively recruit signaling pathways even in somatodendritic compartment, where 2-AG is present. This result demonstrates that T210 is necessary for constitutive CB1R activation by 2-AG.Finally, previous results of our group demonstrated the involvement of CB1R in neuronal development. Notably, CB1R activation was shown to have an overall inhibitory effect on the development of polarized neuronal morphology. We established a bibliographic review on this subject. The published literature data suggest that not only neuronal polarization influences both CB1R traffic and pharmacology but CB1Rs also contribute to the achievement of neuronal polarization. (...)
Nguyen, Thanh Hai. "Cibles sérotoninergiques et non sérotoninergiques des ISRS : approches Pharmacologique et Génétique in vivo chez la souris." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00663312.
Full textChennaoui, Mounir. "Implications du système sérotoninergique et interactions avec l'axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien dans les processus de fatigue induits par l'exercice physique chronique chez le rat : rôle de la 5-HT-moduline." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA11T059.
Full textOur studies have evidenced a decrease in auto and heterorcceptors 5-HT 1B sensitivity in substantia nigra of rat submitted to two different treadmill training (i. E. , moderate and intensive). An effect probably linked to a decrease in their functional activity. This 5-HT1B autoreceptors desensitization during a prolonged physical training could probably induce an increase in the forebrain 5-HT release. Our study, using in vivo intracerebral microdialysis method, has shown a signiticant increase in hippocampal and cortical 5-HT release during an acute intensive exercise. Different mechanisms have been proposed in order to justly the observed 5-HT 1B reccptors desensitization. The first hypothesis lied on the potential role played by glucocorticoids. However, as adrenalectomization in rats induced a decrease in 5-HT 1B receptors sensitivity, we could suggest that our results discarded, in part, the glucocorticoids hypothesis. Ln contrary, glucocorticoids seem to prevent the exercise-induced 5-HT1B receptors desensitization. For instance, the precise mechanism involved in the exercise-induced 5-HT1B receptors desensitization is not enlightened and it could arise from several origins. The second hypothesis lied on the possible role of 5-HT-moduline, an endogen tetrapeptide (leu-ser-ala-leu), which specifically interact with 5-HT1B receptors as a non-competitive antagonist. This peptide induces a 5-HT 1B receptors desensitization. Our results shown a significant increase in hippocampal 5-HT-moduline tissue-content after an intensive training, in rats. This increase combined with a significant 5-HT1B receptors desensitization, promote a possible regulation by 5-HT-moduline. Moreover a long-term mechanism of regulation such as genetic expression, could be involved in the 5-HT1B receptors desensitization. Our results shown that physical exercise induces site-dependent differences in 5-HT1B m-RNA expression, in brain. As there is any diiTerence in 5-HT1B m-RNa expression in striatum, we could suggest that a post-transcriptional mechanism exist. Thus, 5-HT-moduline is probably a major component in exercise-elicited 5-HT1B receptors desensitization. 5-HT-moduline pharmacology, via a 5-HT1B receptors modulation, could play an interesting role in human therapeutic for mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, stress and the central fatigue phenomena linked to physical overtraining
Ravary, Anne. "Rôle de la sérotonine et de l'adénylate cyclase 1 dans le développement du système visuel de la souris." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066311.
Full textGuiard, Bruno. "Rôle de la substance P et du brain-derived neurotrophic factor dans le mécanisme d'action des antidepresseurs sérotoninergiques." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA114814.
Full textSP and BDNF would be involved in the mechanism of action of the antidepressants: SSRI. By using intracerebral microdialysis in mice, we evaluated their effects on [5-HT]ext. Thus, the activation of NK1 receptors by exogenous SP, decreased cortical [5-HT]ext through the stimulation of an inhibitory feedback exerted by 5-HT1A autoreceptors. Interestingly, NK1 receptor antagonists enhanced the effects of SSRI on cortical [5-HT]ext by preventing this negative control on 5-HT neurons. The genetic inactivation of BDNF levels in BDNF +/- mice, reduced the density of 5-HT transporter in the hippocampus which concured to increase local [5-HT]ext. Moreover, the partial loss of BDNF inhibited the neuochemical activity of SSRI. Although is it still unclear whether or not an excess of SP and/or a reduction and BDNF, limits the therapeutic activity of SSRI, our experimental data highlighted the interest to act on various pharmacological targets in the treatment of mood disorders in Human