Academic literature on the topic 'Receptor Muscarínico'
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Journal articles on the topic "Receptor Muscarínico"
Cardoso, Daniela Espinha, Lucimar Pereira de França, Elisângela Chinen, Andréa A. F. Souza Moraes, Alice Teixeira Ferreira, and Jerônimo Pereira de França. "Avaliação morfológica e dos mecanismos de mobilização de Ca2+ pela glicose e acetilcolina em células pancreáticas humanas." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 51, no. 3 (April 2007): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302007000300011.
Full textAguero Peña, R. E., C. Pascuzzo-Lima, A. E. Granado Duque, and R. A. Bonfante-Cabarcas. "Depresión de la función miocárdica inducida por propofol: posible participación del receptor colinérgico muscarínico auricular." Revista Española de Anestesiología y Reanimación 55, no. 2 (February 2008): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-9356(08)70514-0.
Full textCunha, Telma F., Thaís A. Saito, Carlos R. Bueno Júnior, Marcele A. Coelho, Katt C. Mattos, and Patricia C. Brum. "Resposta taquicárdica e controle autonômico no exercício físico em modelo genético de insuficiência cardíaca." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 15, no. 4 (August 2009): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1517-86922009000500005.
Full textFraga, Letícia Fernandes, and Leonardo Luiz Borges. "BUSCA DE MOLÉCULAS COM ATIVIDADE BRONCODILATADORA NA ESPÉCIE MIKANIA GLOMERATA SPRENG EMPREGANDO FERRAMENTAS IN SILICO." Revista Brasileira Militar de Ciências 6, no. 15 (June 16, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.36414/rbmc.v6i15.39.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Receptor Muscarínico"
Diehl, Felipe. "Plasticidade de receptores colinérgicos muscarínicos M4 hipocampais decorrentes de uma consolidação da memória como possível marcador sináptico do engrama : ensaios farmacológico-comportamentais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/26580.
Full textThe cholinergic muscarinic system plays a central role in learning and memory, yet little is known about the specific roles of each receptor subtype. Muscarinic toxins (MTs) from Dendroaspis snakes venom are selective for muscarinic receptor subtypes. The hippocampus M4 subsystem, for instance, was shown to take part in the modulation of memory consolidation and retrieval. The memory phenomenon, by its turn, is being recently unveiled as a much more complex set of processes than previously thought, encompassing post-retrieval situations such as reconsolidation and extinction, each with its particular mechanisms. The scope of this study is to explore the involvement of the hippocampal cholinergic M4 muscarinic subsystem on the consolidation, retrieval, reconsolidation and extinction of memories, moreover to investigate the role of M4 subsystem of basoalteral amygdala on the consolidation and reconsolidation. Last works shown a different modulatory role of hippocampal M4 receptors about consolidation and retrieval processes, therefore This work aims to investigate the muscarinic cholinergic modulation at hippocampal circuits by M4 receptors, along different periods of memory consolidation for an inhibitory avoidance task, and verify if the change effect of pre-test MT3 are dependent of mRNA synthesis. MT3, a very selective M4 antagonist, and the less selective antagonist scopolamine were infused bilaterally into the rat CA1 area, and their effects studied in a contextual fear conditioning task (CFC) and inhibitory avoidance task (IA). When infused immediately after training, both treatments caused disruption of the memory consolidation, however, only MT3 was effective when infused before the test session, and the effect, was the opposite, i.e., memory facilitation. Moreover, only MT3 enhanced the reconsolidation of CFC following its infusion into the hippocampus or blocked its extinction. Infused into the basolateral amygdala, muscarínic antagonists shown an amnestic effect about the consolidation and reconsolidation of CFC memory. In the IA experiments, MT3 infused immediately after training was amnestic upon the consolidation process, while an “opposite effect” –memory facilitation– was observed in the 90-180min time window. The DRB was amnestic too upon the consolidation, showing that the transcriptional process is essential to the memory. Moreover, the DRB reverted the facilitatory effect of pre-test MT3. These results suggest an endogenous positive modulation of the cholinergic muscarinic system present during the consolidation or the extinction of an aversive memory, but an opposite action during memory retrieval or memory reconsolidation. Moreover, these results suggest that M4 receptors are likely expressed at different hippocampal localizations where they underlie different processes and plasticity events, may be over expressed upon glutamatergic excitatory cells.
Pontes, Carolina Nobre Ribeiro. "Influência da Angiotensina-(1-7) na sensibilidade colinérgica cardíaca de ratos normotensos e hipertensos." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8940.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Previous studies suggested that the Angiotensin-(1-7) [(Ang-(1-7)] is able to modulate the cardiac sympathetic control and beta-adrenergic sensitivity. However, whether or not Ang-(1- 7) modulates the cholinergic activity in the heart remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of Ang-(1-7) upon cholinergic sensitivity of hearts from normotensive and hypertensive rats. Wistar and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) were anesthetized with urethane and underwent catheterization of femoral artery and left ventricle to record the arterial and intraventricular pressure, respectively. Following, a dose-response curve of acetylcholine (ACh, 10, 20, 40 and 80 ng/Kg, i.v. into femoral vein) was performed in the absence or presence of Ang-(1-7) (7 x 10-12 mol/min), Mas receptor antagonist A-779 (7 x 10-11 mol/min) or Ang-(1-7)+A-779. Isolated hearts were perfused according to the Langendorff technique. Increasing concentrations of ACh (10-7 to 10-5 mol/L) were added to the hearts in absence or presence of Ang-(1-7), (2 x 10-11 mol/L), A-779, (2 x 10-10 mol/L), Ang-(1-7)+A-779, MrgD receptor antagonist, D-PRO (2 x 10-10 mol/L) or D-PRO+Ang-(1-7). ACh-induced vasorelaxation was assessed in absence or presence of Ang-(1-7) (2 x 10-11 mol/L or 2 x 10-10 mol/L). Ang-(1-7) attenuated the effect of ACh in decreasing the intraventricular systolic, dP/dt max and dP/dt min in anesthetized Wistar and SHR. These effects were blocked by A-779. Ang-(1-7) did not change the amplitude of the hypotensive effect evoked by ACh in Wistar or SHRs. In isolated hearts, Ang-(1-7) also attenuated the reduction of the intraventricular systolic pressure, dP/dt max and dP/dt min evoked by ACh. A-779 blocked the Ang-(1-7) effects in hearts from Wistar. A-779 or D-PRO did not modify the effects of Ang-(1-7) in hearts from SHR, but in presence of D-PRO, Ang-(1-7) effects were equipotent. Ang-(1-7) attenuated the vasorelaxation induced by ACh in aorta from SHR by only in SHR group. These data suggest that Ang-(1-7) exerts differential modulation of cardiac cholinergic sensitivity during experimental primary hypertension, which is independent on blood pressure.
Estudos prévios sugerem que a Angiotensina-(1-7) [(Ang-(1-7)] é capaz de modular o controle simpático cardíaco e sensibilidade beta-adrenérgica. Entretanto, ainda não se sabe se a Ang-(1-7) consegue modular a atividade colinérgica no coração. O objetivo deste estudo foiavaliar a influência da Ang-(1-7) na sensibilidade colinérgica cardíaca de ratos normotensos e hipertensos. Wistar e Ratos Espontaneamente Hipertensos (SHR) foram anestesiados com uretano e submetidos à canulação de artéria femoral e ventrículo esquerdo cardíaco para registro de pressão arterial e intraventricular, respectivamente. Em seguida, foi realizada uma curva dose-resposta de acetilcolina (ACh, 10, 20, 40 e 80 ng/Kg, i.v.) por infusão pela veia femoral. A infusão ocorreu na presença e ausência de Ang-(1-7) (7 x 10-12 mol/min), do antagonista do receptor Mas, A-779 (7 x 10-11 mol/min) ou de Ang-(1-7)+A-779. Os corações isolados foram perfundidos de acordo com a técnica de Langendorff e concentrações crescentes de ACh (10-7 a 10-5 mol/L) foram adicionadas aos corações na presença ou ausência de Ang-(1-7), (2 x 10-11 mol/L), A-779, (2 x 10-10 mol/L), Ang-(1-7)+A-779, antagonista do receptor MrgD, D-PRO (2 x 10-10 mol/L) ou D-PRO+Ang-(1-7). O vasorrelaxamento induzido pela ACh foi mensurado na presença ou ausência da Ang-(1-7) (2 x 10-11 mol/L ou 2 x 10-10 mol/L). Em Wistar e SHR anestesiados, a Ang-(1-7) atenuou o efeito da ACh na queda da pressão intraventricular sistólica, dP/dt máx, e dP/dt mín. Estes efeitos foram bloqueados pelo A-779. A Ang-(1-7) não alterou a resposta hipotensora da ACh em Wistar ou SHR. Nos corações isolados, a Ang-(1-7) também atenuou a redução na pressão intraventricular sistólica, dP/dt máx e dP/dt mín evocados pela ACh. O A-779 bloqueou os efeitos da Ang-(1-7) em corações de Wistar. O A-779 ou D-PRO, per se, não modificaram os efeitos da Ang-(1-7) em corações de SHR, mas na presença do D-PRO, a Ang-(1-7) apresentou efeitos similares. O vasorrelaxamento da aorta induzido pela ACh foi atenuado pela Ang-(1-7) apenas nos SHR. Estes dados sugerem que a Ang-¬(1-¬7) modula o sistema colinérgico cardíaco de forma diferente no modelo de hipertensão primária experimental e de maneira independente de ajustes na pressão arterial.
Zanona, Querusche Klippel. "Estudo dos efeitos da MT3 na plasticidade sináptica de longa duração e interações com a sinalização gabaérgica em hipocampo dorsal pela eletrofisiologia in vivo em animal anestesiado." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/132342.
Full textThe cholinergic muscarinic system exerts modulatory function over different aspects of cognition and emotion. All five muscarinic receptors subtypes (mAChR), M1 to M5, are expressed at mammals hippocampus and at least two of them are simultaneously activated by most of the drugs, hindering significant advances on the role of each component of this system. The muscarinic toxin 3 (MT3) is a selective antagonist for the M4 subtype, allowing the investigation of the modulatory actions of this receptor over learning, memory and synaptic plasticity. The M4 are G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that act through Gi/o triggering inhibitory effects on which cells they are occur. Previous behavioral studies have shown that administration of MT3 soon after aversive task training exerts amnestic effects over memory, while administration prior to recall, leads to facilitation. A possible explanation to these results could be that the local circuits involved on memory consolidation and recall are different in nature. On this perspective, the amnestic effect of MT3 over memory consolidation should be consequence of GABAergic interneurons inhibition suppression; while the effect on recall, should be over glutamatergic synapses modulation. Thereby, the present work, with the objective to investigate how the M4 receptor modulates long-term synaptic plasticity and interacts with the GABAergic system, in vivo electrophysiological approach of anesthetized rats’ hippocampus was applied. Hence, field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) from CA1 were recorded after stimulation of contralateral Schaffer Collateral pathway with drugs infusion 15 min before or after high or low frequency electric stimulation (HFS: 10 trains 0.5 Hz, 20 pulses 100 Hz; LFS: 600 pulses 1 Hz, respectively). Neither MT3 (4.00 μg/μl), bicuculline (0.06 μg/μl), baclofen (0.20 μg/μl) nor vehicle, isolated or combined, changed the baseline evoked response amplitude 15 min after infusion nor the paired-pulse facilitation ratio (PPF). MT3 apparently attenuated, but not significantly, the long-term potentiation (LTP) compared to control (31.8% and 66.0% potentiation 60 min after HFS, respectively). In addition, there was no significant difference between baseline and 60 min after HFS fEPSP amplitude at MT3 group. Bicuculline, although did not abolish LTP neither changed PPF, it did produce a potentiation of only 36.4%. Baclofen induced a potentiation similar to control group. Baclofen administration also significantly reduced PPF compared to baseline. The simultaneous administration of MT3 and bicuculline or baclofen led to a potentiation similar to the control group. MT3 did not show any effect over LTP maintenance when applied 15 min after HFS. Lastly, it was not possible to induce long-term depression (LTD) with the used LFS protocol. Although there was no statistical significance between groups due to the low animal numbers used, data suggest that bicuculline had reduced LTP amplitude. Baclofen did alter PPF and the same was not observed on control group. When bicuculline or baclofen were injected with MT3, those alterations were not observed. These are inconclusive and preliminary results, notwithstanding this work allowed to set up the in vivo electrophysiology technique in anesthetized animals what will provide new tools for future research.
Silva, Marco Antonio Nunes da. "Análise do perfil de expressão dos marcadores de angiogênese e das neurotrofinas na persistência da hiperatividade detrusora em pacientes submetidos à ressecção transuretal da próstata." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5153/tde-20012015-164148/.
Full textObjective: Non-inhibited contractions (NIC) are present in about 50% of patients with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 30% of cases persist after surgery. To date, no clinical characteristic can predict accurately which patients are going to improve. We analyzed the role of six detrusor molecular markers in the resolution of NIC after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods: We performed a prospective and controlled analysis of 43 patients with BOO due to BPH who underwent TURP from 2011 to 2012. The control group comprised 10 bladder specimens from patients younger than 60 years who underwent radical prostatectomy with an IPSS < 8 and prostate volume < 30 grams. All patients underwent urodynamic analysis pre and post operatively after 6 months. We analyzed the presence, time to occurrence (first vs second half of the filling phase) and grade (40 cmH2O) of NIC as well as its resolution after 6 months of surgery. A biopsy of the bladder muscle was performed at the end of TURP for analysis of nerve growth factor receptor (NGFr), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endoglin (CD105), muscarinic cholinergic receptor 2 (CHRM2) and muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 (CHRM3) genes expression. For this purpose, we used the quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction method (qRT-PCR). Results: Mean patient age was 63 years (50 to 75). NIC were present in 21 (48.8%) patients. According to pre-operative measures, NGF gene expression was 3.3 times greater in patients who presented early NIC as compared to those who presented late contractions (p=0.047). The presence or grade of NIC failed to present statistical correlations with the genes. With regard to the outcome, CHRM2 expression was 2.0 times greater among patients who presented resolution of NIC (p=0.072). After 6 months of TURP, 77,8% of patients with DO resolution had increased expression of CHRM2 and CHRM3 genes compared with others cases (p=0,030). Additionally, patients younger than 60 years obtained a 5.0 times more likely to evolve with improved NIC (p=0,056). Conclusion: Neural pathways seem to be more important in the time to NIC occurrence during the filling phase. Muscarinic cholinergic receptors seem to have a prognostic value in the resolution of NIC after surgery. Analysis of greater number of patients is necessary to confirm these results
Torres, Yuli Yohana Serna. "Abstinência à cocaína e suas consequências no sistema colinérgico muscarínico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9141/tde-29032019-095537/.
Full textUna de las dificultades enfrentadas en la dependencia de cocaína son los síntomas de abstinencia, como ansiedad, deseo y irritabilidad. Estos efectos pueden durar meses o años después de la interrupción del consumo prolongado, haciendo que el individuo vuelva a consumirlo. Los efectos recompensadores de la cocaína causa alteraciones neurobiológicas del sistema mesocorticolímbico dopaminérgico, que se origina en el área tegmental ventral y se proyecta hacia el núcleo accumbens y córtex pré-frontal, áreas íntimamente ligadas al desenvolvimiento de la dependencia. Esas neuronas dopaminérgicas reciben estímulos de neuronas colinérgicas la cual contribuyen para los aspectos cognitivos de la dependencia. Debido a la complejidad neurobiológica involucrada durante la abstinencia, poco se sabe sobre las alteraciones del sistema colinérgico muscarínico durante este periodo en el encéfalo, objetivo de este estudio. Por tanto, ratones adultos macho Swiss-Webster fueron sometidos a cocaína en dosis padrón agudo en binge (3×30 mg/kg/día) y crónicamente por escalonamiento de dosis en binge por 14 días (3×15 mg/kg/día en los días 1-4; 3×20 mg/kg/día en los días 5-8; 3×25 mg/kg/día en los días 9-12; y 3×30 mg/kg/día en los días 13 e 14). La actividad locomotora de cada animal fue evaluada en el test de campo abierto (CA), donde permanecieron por 60 minutos entre cada administración. Después del periodo de exposición los animales permanecieron 14 días de abstinencia, a fin de evaluar la ansiedad en el labirinto de cruz elevado (LCE). En seguida los animales fueron eutanasiados, donde el córtex pré-frontal (CPF), estriado y hipocampo fueron disecados y almacenados a -80ºC para analizar los receptores dopaminérgicos D1 e D2, receptores colinérgicos muscarínicos M1, M2, M3, M4 y M5 (mAChRs) y moléculas colinérgicas (acetilcolinesterasa, AChE; colina acetiltransferasa, ChAT y transportador vesicular de acetilcolina, VAChT) por Western Blotting (n=6). Los resultados comportamentales mostraron mayor actividad locomotora en los animales tratados con cocaína en tratamiento agudo y crónico, comparado al control. Por otra parte, la sensibilización comportamental fue detectado a partir de segundo día de administración de cocaína. En la prueba de LCE, realizado después de 14 días de interrupción de la administración de cocaína, no fue observado diferencia estadística entre los animales previamente expuestos a la cocaína y el grupo control. En CPF se observó disminución de D2R, M1 mAChRs y aumento de M2 y M4 mAChRs en tratamiento agudo; en el tratamiento crónico mostro disminución de M1 y M5 mAChRs y ChAT. En el estriado se observó aumento de D1R, M1 y M2 mAChRs, ChAT en el tratamiento agudo; aumento D1R, VAChT, ChAT y disminución de D2R, M1 y M2 mAChRs en el tratamiento crónico. Por último, en el hipocampo se observó aumento de D1R, D2R, M2 mAChRs, VAChT y disminución M1 mAChRs en el tratamiento agudo; aumento de D1R, VAChT y disminución D2R, M1 mAChRs en el tratamiento crónico. Nuestros resultados muestran envolvimiento de procesos de neuroplasticidad, tanto en el sistema dopaminérgico como el sistema colinérgico muscarínico, en ambos protocolos utilizados, después de 14 días de abstinencia.
Anesio, Augusto. "Envolvimento de receptores muscarínicos centrais no controle da ingestão de sódio." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9366.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Water and sodium intake are fundamental behaviors for body fluid homeostasis. These behaviors are controlled by a neural circuitry involving facilitatory and inhibitory mechanisms, which are modulated by signals activated by changes in body fluid volume and composition. Important inhibitory mechanisms for water intake and particularly for sodium intake are located in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN), a pontine structure. It is known that LPBN inhibitory mechanisms are controlled by several neurotransmitters, some increasing, others reducing the action of this nucleus on sodium intake...
A ingestão de água e a ingestão de sódio são comportamentos fundamentais para a homeostase dos líquidos corporais. A manifestação destes comportamentos é controlada por um circuito neural constituído por mecanismos facilitatórios e inibitórios os quais são constantemente modulados por informações relativas aos líquidos corporais. Importantes mecanismos inibitórios para a ingestão de água e especialmente para a ingestão de sódio localizam-se no núcleo parabraquial lateral (NPBL), uma estrutura pontina. Sabe-se que os mecanismos inibitórios do NPBL são controlados por diversos neurotransmissores, alguns aumentando e outros diminuindo a ação deste núcleo sobre a ingestão de sódio .....
Noronha, Emmanuelle Coelho. "Ação de drogas agonistas e antagonistas dos sistemas colinérgico e dopaminégico: estudo comportamental e neuroquímico em corpo estriado de rato." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2005. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/2341.
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In the study, the interaction between the dopaminergic and cholinergic systems through the study of behavioral (open field and catalepsy) and neurochemical (density of dopaminergic receptor (D1 and D2-like) and muscarinic (M1+M2-like)) effect in striatum rat was evaluated. The following drugs were used: mazindol (indirect dopaminergic agonist), apomorphine (D1-like and D2-like dopaminergic agonist), pilocarpine (M1-like muscarnic aginist), carbachol (M-2like agonist muscarinc), pirenzepine (M1-like antagonist muscarinic), atropine (non-selective M1 and M2 antagonist muscarinic), clozapina(non-typical neuroleptic). The results showed that the pimozida and carbachol, alone or associated, caused increase in the cataleptic response and reduction in the motor activity. The mazindol also increased the motor activity. In small dosage, the carbachol and mazindol increased the density of D1-like receptors. Isolated, the pimozida and atropine increased the density of the D1-like receptors in striatum whereas the atropine caused a reduction of D2-like receptors and upregulation of muscarinic receptors. This work suggests a relationship, between muscarinc receptors M1 and M2 and dopaminergic receptors D1 and D2, and that this relationship can occur in a positive and negative manner, depending on the selectivity and the dose of the used drug.
No presente trabalho, foi avaliado a interação entre os sistemas dopaminérgico e colinérgico através do estudo dos efeitos comportamentais (campo aberto e catalepsia) e neuroquímicos (densidade de receptores dopaminérgicos (D1 e D2-símile) e muscarínicos (M1+M2-símile) em corpo estriado de rato. As seguintes drogas foram utilizadas: mazindol (agonista dopaminérgico indireto), apomorfina (agonista dopaminérgico D1-símile e D2-símile), pimozida (antagonista dopaminérgico D2-símile), SCH 23390 (antagonista dopaminérgico D1-símile), pilocarpina (agonista muscarínico M1-símile), carbacol (agonista muscarínico M2-símile), pirenzepina (antagonista muscarínico M1-símile), atropina (antagonista muscarínico M1 e M2 não seletivo), clozapina (neuroléptico atípico). Os resultados mostraram que a pimozida e o carbacol, sozinhos ou associados, causaram um aumento da resposta cataléptica e uma diminuição da atividade locomotora. O mazindol também aumentou a atividade locomotora. Carbacol, nas menores doses, e o mazindol aumentaram a densidade de receptores D1-símile. A pimozida e a atropina, isoladamente, aumentaram a densidade de receptores D1-símile no corpo estriado enquanto que a atropina causou uma diminuição dos receptores D2-símile e uma upregulation dos receptores muscarínicos. O mazindol aumentou o binding de 3H-NMS no corpo estriado. O presente trabalho sugere, de maneira geral, que existe uma relação entre os receptores muscarínicos M1 e M2 com os receptores dopaminérgicos D1 e D2, sendo que esta relação pode ocorrer de maneira positiva ou negativa, dependendo da seletividade e da dose das drogas utilizadas.
Takahashi, Shirley [UNIFESP]. "Influência da aprendizagem e da manipulação do sistema colinérgico muscarínico na sensibilização ao efeito estimulante do etanol." Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2011. http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/9745.
Full textDiversos autores sugerem que a sensibilização comportamental, caracterizada pelo aumento da atividade psicomotora em resposta à administração repetida de drogas psicoativas, parece desempenhar um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento de abuso e dependência, aumentando a propriedade reforçadora destas substâncias. Animais que desenvolvem sensibilização ao etanol apresentam diferenças na densidade de receptores de alguns neurotransmissores e também na resposta à administração de agonistas e antagonistas destes receptores. A sensibilização comportamental é um fenômeno complexo que envolve diferentes fatores, sendo afetada pelo ambiente, possuindo um componente de aprendizagem. Para avaliar a influência da capacidade de aprendizagem no processo de sensibilização ao efeito estimulante do etanol, no presente estudo comparamos o desempenho de dois grupos de animais com diferentes níveis de sensibilização (alta e baixa) em dois tipos de tarefas (apetitiva e aversiva). Também avaliamos a influência de uma droga amnésica (escopolamina) no desenvolvimento e expressão da sensibilização. Foi observado que animais com diferentes níveis de sensibilização não diferiram quanto à capacidade de aprendizagem após o tratamento crônico com etanol, independentemente do tipo de tarefa. A escopolamina quando administrada no hipocampo dorsal simultaneamente ao tratamento crônico com etanol não alterou o desenvolvimento da sensibilização. Porém, quando administrada por via subcutânea, provocou aumento mais acentuado nos níveis de atividade locomotora em animais que já haviam desenvolvido alta sensibilização do que nos animais que haviam desenvolvido baixa sensibilização ou no grupo controle. Este fenômeno não foi observado quando a administração de escopolamina foi realizada diretamente no núcleo accumbens, e quando administrada em combinação com etanol, foi capaz de bloquear a sensibilização. Estes dados sugerem que o sistema colinérgico atue como um neuromodulador do processo de sensibilização. Porém, parece agir de maneira diferente dependendo do nível de sensibilização desenvolvido pelo animal.
Several authors suggest that behavioral sensitization, characterized as psychomotor activity increase in response to psychoactive drugs repeated administration, seems to play a fundamental role in the development of abuse and dependence, increasing the reinforcement property of these substances. Animals that develop sensitization to ethanol differ regarding the binding to some neurotransmitter receptors and also differ regarding the response to the administration of agonists and antagonists of these receptors. Behavioral sensitization is a complex phenomenon that involves different factors, being affected by environment and learning. To evaluate the influence of learning capacity in the sensitization process, in the present study we compared the performance of two groups of mice that presented different levels of sensitization (high and low) in two different learning tasks (appetitive and aversive). We also evaluated the influence of an amnestic drug (scopolamine) in the development and expression of sensitization. It was observed that mice with different levels of sensitization did not differ regarding their learning capacity after chronic treatment with ethanol, in both tasks. Scopolamine, when administered in the dorsal hippocampus simultaneously with ethanol treatment, did not alter the sensitization development. However, when administered subcutaneously it induced higher levels of locomotor activity in those animals that had already developed high sensitization than in low sensitized mice or in the control group. This phenomenon was not observed when scopolamine was administered directly in the nucleus accumbens. When administered in combination with ethanol, it blocked the sensitization. These data suggest that the cholinergic system acts as a neuromodulator in the sensitization process. However, the cholinergic system seems to act in different ways depending on the level of sensitization developed by the animal.
TEDE
BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
Azevedo, Luciane Coutinho de. "Controle neural da lipólise induzida pela ativação central de receptores muscarínicos em pombos (Columba livia) /." Florianópolis, SC, 2000. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/78671.
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Análise do tipo de receptor colinérgico central ( muscarínico ou nicotínico) envolvido com a resposta lipolítica induzida pela injeção intracerebroventricular de carbacol em aves, este estudo também investigou possíveis alterações na concentração dos ácidos graxos livres e glicose no plasma após administração central de neostigmina.
Oliveira, Italo Martins de. "Análise anatomopatológica do sistema nervoso autônomo cardíaco intrínseco na fibrilação atrial permanente." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-14062011-165207/.
Full textPossible changes in myocardial substrate, in the intrinsic cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS), involving the ganglionated plexus (GP) present in fat-pads (FP) or the expression of muscarinic receptors could be responsible for the genesis and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). Aiming to analyze the relationship between permanent atrial fibrillation (pAF) and possible anatomical and micromorphological heart changes, intrinsic cardiac ANS and expression of myocardial muscarinic receptors, 13 hearts from autopsies of patients with PAF and chronic heart disease (group I) were studied; and 13 cases matched by the same heart disease, but without this arrhythmia (group II). It was analyzed the anatomy of the venous drainage of the left atrium (LA), heart weight, ventricular septal thickness and diameter of epicardial FP. Two samples were taken in the right atrium (RA1 and RA2), three in the left atrium - in the middle portion of the left atrium oblique vein (LaOv LA1), at the junction of left superior pulmonary vein (LA2) and in the auricle (LA3), three FPs, left atrial superior (FP 1), right atrial posterior (FP 2) and the left atrial posteromedial (FP 3) and one sample of the ventricular septum (VS), as control. The structural changes of the myocardial fibers, thickness of the epicardium, endocardium and myocardium, and the percentage of interstitial collagen in the myocardium were analyzed by computerized histomorphometry on Masson trichrome staining. The intrinsic cardiac ANS was analyzed through immunohistochemistry for S-100 and tyrosine hydroxylase regarding the: amount and area of nerve fibers, amount and average area of sympathetic fibers, number and average area of parasympathetic fibers and sympathetic/parasympathetic fiber proportion. The myocardial expression of muscarinic receptors 1-5 (M1 to M5) was evaluated by positive ratio in the myocardium in sections RA1, LA1, LA2 and FP1. There were no differences between groups regarding the anatomical variant and the percentage of interstitial collagen. Analysis of the ANS revealed nerve fibers with the smallest area in group I, reduction in the number of total and parasympathetic nerve fibers of sections RA1 and VS, increase of total and parasympathetic fibers LA2 and FP2 and increased numbers of sympathetic fibers in sections RA2, LA1, LA2 and LA3. Regarding the expression of muscarinic receptors, there was a significantly increase in the positive percentage for M1 in all regions except for LA1 (average of all the sections, group I 5.84 and group II 2.92, p = 0.002), M2 and M3 just adjacent to the FP1 (M2 Group I 5.67 and Group II 3.63, p = 0.037; M3 Group I 30.95 and Group II 20.13, p = 0.026) and the M4 was increased in group I in the region LA1 (group I 9.90 and group II 4.45, p = 0.023) and there was no statistically significant change in the M5. The anatomy and arrangement of atrial muscle fibers, as well as the interstitial fibrosis did not appear to be related to PAF in both studied groups. Changes in the number of nerve fibers as well as changes in expression of atrial muscarinic receptors, specially the M1, particularly in regions close to the GP appear to be related to pAF, indicating the importance of autonomic modulation in this arrhythmia
Conference papers on the topic "Receptor Muscarínico"
Silva, José Henrique Alves Nascimento e., Gabriela Reis Xavier, Gustavo De Oliveira Alves Pinto, Ivina De Almeida Freitas, and Miriam Nogueira Teixeira. "TRATAMENTO EMERGENCIAL EM CASOS DE INTOXICAÇÃO POR ALDICARB – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA." In I Congresso On-line Nacional de Clínica Veterinária de Pequenos Animais. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1820.
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