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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Receptors for advanced glycation end product (RAGE)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Nelson, Michael Bruce. "The Role of Receptors for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE) and Ceramide in Cardiovascular Disease." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4423.

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Type 2 diabetes and cigarette smoke exposure are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. The role of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) is already well-established in numerous comorbidities including cardiomyopathy. Given the role of AGEs and their receptor, RAGE, in activating inflammatory pathways, we sought to determine whether ceramides could be a mediator of RAGE-induced altered heart mitochondrial function. Using an in vitro model, we treated H9C2 cardiomyocytes with carboxy-methyl lysine-BSA, followed by mitochondrial respiration assessment. We found that

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2

Jyoti, Faidat. "Development of New Antibody Based Theranostic Agents Targeting the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Product (Rage)." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26866.

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The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) interacts with several classes of structurally unrelated ligands. The activation of RAGE by its ligands results in the cellular activation of several kinases and transcription factors including mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) resulting in sustained inflammation, which is involved in pathologies such as diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and other diseases associated with chronic inflammation. Current mouse models of human disea

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Wood, Tyler Thomas. "Targeting of Receptors for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE) Diminishes Acute Secondhand Smoke-Induced Inflammation in Mice." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4220.

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The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has increasingly been demonstrated to be an important modulator of inflammation in cases of pulmonary disease. Published reports involving tobacco smoke exposure have demonstrated increased expression of RAGE, its participation in pro-inflammatory signaling and its role in irreversible pulmonary remodeling. The current research evaluated for the first time the in vivo effects of short-term tobacco smoke exposure in RAGE null and control mice compared to identical animals exposed to room air only. Quantitative real time PCR, immunoblotting

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Alexander, Kristen Lena. "Differential Receptors for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE) Expression in Preeclampsia, Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Gestational Diabetes." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5463.

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Preeclampsia (PE), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and gestational diabetes (GDM) increase the risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The roles of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs) are already well documented concerning inflammation, hypoxia and oxidative stress. AGEs bind to its receptor, Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE), and activate an inflammatory pathway. This pathway alters the efficacy of invasive trophoblast cells and in the placenta and can result in placental dysfunction. We hypothesized that the placental dysfunction found in PE, IUGR, and

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5

Winden, Duane Ray. "Characterization of Secondhand Smoke (SHS) and Materno-Fetal Interactions in Receptors for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE)-Targeted Mice." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4072.

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Receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) are pattern recognition receptors of the immunoglobulin superfamily highly expressed in the lung. Likely functions include the modulation of pulmonary inflammation during disease. However, the contributions of RAGE in the developing lung in cases where secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure occurs are unknown. In order to test the hypothesis that RAGE misexpression adversely affects lung morphogenesis, we exposed gestating dams to a controlled dose of SHS during the last four critical days of in utero lung morphogenesis. We discovered that both mat

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6

Robinson, Adam Benjamin. "The Pro-Inflammatory Contributions of Receptors for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE) in Alveolar Macrophages Following Cigarette Smoke Exposure." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3253.

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Receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) are multi-ligand cell surface receptors of the immunoglobin family expressed by epithelium and macrophages. RAGE expression increases following ligand binding and when diverse cells are exposed to a variety of insults including cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The current research sought to characterize the pro-inflammatory contributions of RAGE expressed by alveolar macrophages (AMs) following CSE exposure. Acute exposure of mice to CSE via nasal instillation revealed diminished bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cellularity and fewer AMs in RAGE n

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7

Chen, Suzi Su-Hsin, and suzi chen@med monash edu au. "Cyclooxygenase Expression in Human Diabetes." RMIT University. Medical Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080206.121439.

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Cyclooxygenase (COX) is the rate limiting enzyme that catalyses the production of prostanoids, which are crucial to vascular homeostasis. Evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction and inflammation play a role in vascular complications in aging and diabetes. Previous animal studies by our laboratory at RMIT University reported enhanced COX expression with aging in rat aortas, platelets and monocytes. Potentially, alteration in COX expression may result in an imbalanced prostanoid production favoring the synthesis of vasoconstrictors and hence increase the risk of cardiovascular events in t

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8

Stogsdill, Jeffrey Alan. "Characterization of Altered Epithelial Cell Turnover and Differentiation in Embryonic Murine Lungs That Over-Express Receptors for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE)." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3217.

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Receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) are multi-ligand cell surface receptors highly expressed in the lung that modulate pulmonary inflammation during disease. However, the contributions of RAGE signaling are unknown during pulmonary organogenesis. In order to test the hypothesis that RAGE misexpression adversely affects lung morphogenesis, conditional transgenic mice were generated that over-express RAGE in alveolar type II cells of the lung. When RAGE is over-expressed throughout embryogenesis, severe lung hypoplasia ensues, culminating in perinatal lethality. Flow cytometry a

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9

Sirois, Cherilyn M. "Nucleic Acid Sensing by the Immune System: Roles For the Receptor For Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) and Intracellular Receptor Proteins: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/551.

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As humans, we inhabit an environment shared with many microorganisms, some of which are harmless or beneficial, and others which represent a threat to our health. A complex network of organs, cells and their protein products form our bodies’ immune system, tasked with detecting these potentially harmful agents and eliminating them. This same system also serves to detect changes in the healthy balance of normal functions in the body, and for repairing tissue damage caused by injury. Immune recognition of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, is one way that the body detects invading pathogens and initiat

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10

Ren, Yimin. "Consequences of the interaction of amyloid beta with amyloid binding alcohol dehydrogenase and the receptor for advanced glycation end products." Thesis, St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/503.

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11

Indurthi, Venkata. "Interactions of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (Rage) with Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and S100B." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25817.

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RAGE is a multi-ligand pattern recognition receptor. RAGE can bind several damage associated molecular pattern proteins. RAGE- ligand interaction is pathophysiologically relevant to several major diseases including diabetes and certain cancers. RAGE inhibition has been reported to reduce morbidity in these disease states. However, to design better RAGE inhibitors it is necessary to understand the structural basis behind the RAGE-ligand interaction and currently this is not well understood. This thesis focuses on understanding the interaction of RAGE with two of its ligands; AGEs and S100B. AGE

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Meghnani, Varsha. "Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) in Melanoma Progression." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/24782.

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13

Kadasah, Sultan Ftayes Saeed. "The Biology of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) in Cancer." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31754.

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Overexpression of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) has been implicated in multiple diseases, including several types of cancer. In different types of cancer, RAGE has been shown to promote cell survival by either autophagy or activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. Based on what is known about RAGE, we hypothesized that the RAGE/ligand interaction at the cell surface promotes pancreatic cancer and melanoma cell survival by both pathways, autophagy and NF-κB activation. To study the role of RAGE in pancreatic cancer resistance to chemotherapy, BxPC-3, MIA PaCa-2,

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Teissier, Thibault. "Implication of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) during inflammation and ageing." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S017.

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Le vieillissement est défini par l’accumulation d’événements menant à une perte d’efficacité des fonctions des organes et à une augmentation de la probabilité de mourir avec le temps. Ce processus touche tout le règne animal et bien que sa vitesse varie largement entre les espèces, modifiant grandement la longévité, ses mécanismes sont quant à eux bien conservés. Chez l’humain, l’espérance de vie a continuellement progressé au cours du siècle dernier, s’accompagnant d’une augmentation de personnes atteintes de maladies liées à l’âge et dépendantes, devenant ainsi un problème majeur de société.

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Tadayon, Roya [Verfasser], and Oliver [Akademischer Betreuer] Einsle. "Resolving the ligand-binding to pattern recognition receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)." Freiburg : Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/115012427X/34.

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Swami, Priyanka. "Understanding the Role of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products (Rage) in Pancreatic Cancer." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29865.

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Expression of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) and is upregulated in a several cancers. Based on published studies, we hypothesized that RAGE, when overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells, will promote cell proliferation and migration. To study the role of RAGE in pancreatic cancer, we selected the human pancreatic cancer cell-line PANC-1, and stably transfected the cells with full length RAGE to generate model cell-lines that overexpress RAGE. We obtained two cell-lines PANC-1 FLR2 and PANC-1 FLR3 and examined the influence of RAGE on cellular properties. A significant

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Lo, Alexandra Siu Lok, and n/a. "Paradigms of inflammation : interactions between calcium-binding proteins and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)." University of Otago. Department of Physiology, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20061016.163427.

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The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The result of RAGE-ligand interactions augments the proinflammatory mechanisms acting in chronic inflammatory diseases. RAGE recognises a wide range of ligands that have no apparent structural similarities. It is unclear what controls this promiscuity of RAGE. The extracellular domain of RAGE has two potential glycosylation sites. It is speculated that N-linked glycosylation may have significant impact on ligand recognition, especially of S100 calcium binding protein ligands. Two objectives o

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18

Bertheloot, Damien [Verfasser]. "Role of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) in the Immune Sensing of Nucleic Acids / Damien Bertheloot." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2016. http://d-nb.info/113977512X/34.

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Chavez, Matias Elizabeth Murayama. "Expression of Osteoarthritis Biomarkers in Temporomandibular Joints of Mice with and Without Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE)." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5242.

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This thesis will be organized into three chapters discussing the mechanism underlying the onset and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Understanding the mechanism of OA development in the TMJ helps in understanding how OA progresses and how to treat this disease. The goal of this investigation is to examine the process of cartilage degeneration and OA biomarker expression in the TMJ to understand their role in TMJ OA onset and development.Chapter one covers mechanisms that are altered in TMJ OA during disease progression. Using animal models with different

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Creagh-Brown, Benedict Charles. "The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its ligands in systemic inflammation following surgery necessitating cardiopulmonary bypass." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7057.

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Surgery necessitating cardiopulmonary bypass (snCPB) is associated with systemic inflammation which can be severe. Systemic inflammation is common in the critically ill, is associated with adverse outcome and currently has no specific therapy. Insight into the pathogenesis of systemic inflammation may lead to therapies. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) may represent a novel target for intervention. RAGE is a ubiquitous multi-ligand receptor that is up-regulated in the presence of its ligands. Initially characterised as a receptor for glycated proteins, it is also binds t

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Lorenzi, Rodrigo. "Value of RAGE as a circulating biomarker : from sRAGE to anti-sRAGE autoantibodies." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01059800.

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. The risk of CVDs increases with age, tobacco, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity and kidney dysfunction. The incidence and prevalence of CVDs demands the development of efficient strategies for prevention and treatment, as well as new biomarkers. The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is implicated in several metabolic and inflammatory disorders. RAGE activation by its multiple ligands, i.e. advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), S100 proteins and amphoterin (HMGB1) induces pro-inflamma

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Dasari, Shilpa. "Proinflammatory signalling by receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), an important mediator of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and age related macular degeneration (AMD)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602476.

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AGEs accumulate in the Bruch's membrane with a detrimental effect on RPE function with age. Receptor for AGEs (RAGE) is hypothesised to have an important role in RPE dysfunction and AMD pathogenesis. It is reported to be highly expressed in the RPE and its activation leads to the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in many other tissues. SI OOB is a ligand for RAGE and its role in retinal inflammation is not clear. This project investigated the link between RAGE activation by S100B and how this relates to RPE dysfunction and the pathogenesis of AMD. Serum analysis usin

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Jabaudon, Gandet Matthieu. "Approche translationnelle de la voie RAGE au cours du syndrôme de détresse respiratoire aiguë : implications diagnostiques, physiopathologiques et thérapeutiques." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF1MM09.

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Le syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë (SDRA) est caractérisé par des lésions alvéolaires diffuses menant à un œdème alvéolaire lésionnel et une insuffisance respiratoire aiguë hypoxémique. Malgré les progrès récents dans la prise en charge des patients de réanimation, le SDRA reste un syndrome fréquent et associé à une morbimortalité importante. Deux mécanismes principaux du SDRA semblent associés à une mortalité plus élevée et à des réponses thérapeutiques différentes : la déficience de la clairance liquidienne alvéolaire (AFC, pour alveolar fluid clearance), l’incapacité pour l’épithéli

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Huang, Yen Kai, and 黃彥凱. "Tranilast blocks the interaction between the protein S100A11 and Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Product (RAGE) V Domain and inhibits cell proliferation." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44814745745961523472.

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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>化學系<br>104<br>The human S100 calcium-binding protein A11 (S100A11) is a member of S100 protein family. Once S100A11 proteins bind to calcium ions at EF-hand motifs, S100A11 will change its conformation promoting interaction with target proteins. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) consists of three extracellular domains, including V domain, C1 domain and C2 domain. In this case, V domain is the target for mS100A11 binding. RAGE binds to the ligands result in cell proliferation, cell growth and several signal transduction cascades. We used NMR and fluores

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Campeão, Mafalda Maria Salvador. "Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and methamphetamine (METH) play with central innate immune system: focusing on RAGE and glial cells." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/82999.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Bioquímica apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia<br>A imunidade inata é a primeira linha de defesa efectiva de todos os organismos,englobando mecanismos moleculares e celulares com vista a uma acção imediata, reconhecendopadrões moleculares associados a patogénios de origem externa (PAMPs), bem como, padrõesmoleculares associados a uma ameaça de origem interna (DAMPs). Esse reconhecimento épossível através de diversos receptors de reconhecimento padrão (PRRs), orquestrando, assim, aactivação de respostas imunes. Um destes receptores é o receptor dos produt

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Heiser, Linda. "Untersuchung von AGE und RAGE im proximalen Aortenaneurysma von Patienten mit bikuspider oder trikuspider Aortenklappe." 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38624.

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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde aneurysmatisches Aortengewebe von Patienten mit bikuspider oder trikuspider Aortenklappe untersucht. Im Laufe des Lebens ist die bikuspide Aortenklappe als häufigste angeborene Anomalie des Herzens mit zahlreichen, potentiell lebensbedrohlichen Komplikationen verbunden. Betroffene Patienten zeigen eine frühere Entwicklung und rapidere Progression von Dilatationen und – im schlimmsten Fall – Dissektionen der Aorta ascendens. Die Ätiologie dessen konnte bis dato nicht ausreichend geklärt werden. Hintergrund der Studie war eine Untersuchung von Branchetti et al.,

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Shim, Cynthia. "Role of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) in adipose tissue: browning effect." Thesis, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/14372.

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Adipose tissue plays an essential role in the regulation of many metabolic processes. Excess caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure cause adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia, leading to inflammation of the adipose tissue, which contributes to obesity. Recent data link the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) to high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and subsequent metabolic dysfunction, but its function is incompletely understood. On HFD, the concentration of RAGE ligands, such as carboxy methyl lysine (CML) - advanced glycation end-products (AGE) epitopes, S100 calcium

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Rani, Sandhya, and 桑迪亞. "Interaction of S100A13 with Amlexanox and RAGE (Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products) C2 domain." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16979173897934127446.

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博士<br>國立清華大學<br>化學系<br>99<br>S100A13為一同元雙體蛋白，屬於S100家族中之EF手臂Ca2+結合蛋白。S100A13亦為S100家族中唯一參與不具訊號序列的蛋白之非典型輸出，如：fibroblast growth factors, interleukin 1α與synaptotagmins。S100A13同時也被發現於調節acidic fibroblast growth factor 與 IL-1α多元蛋白釋放複合體之形成。在形成一特殊的多元蛋白複合體後，S100A13 與 FGF1可藉由非典型輸送途徑被運送到細胞膜外，並且調控許多生物功能，如：細胞分化、糖尿病視網膜病變、血管新生、腫瘤生長、神經新生與胚胎形成。基於S100A13與FGF1在腫瘤形成扮演重要的角色，因此避免多元蛋白複合體的形成對於抑制癌症來說是一有效的策略。 Advanced glycation end products受體(receptor for advanced glycation end products, RAGE) 在許多不同疾病當中都扮演重要的角色，包括：糖尿病併發症、腫瘤外生, 慢性發炎、阿茲海默症或中樞神經系統的多發性硬化症。在與不同的配體，如S100 蛋白、醣基化蛋白、 amyloid-β與 HMGB1結合後，RAGE可誘導不同的細胞訊息傳導產生，並且在發炎反應

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Jiang, Zhi Pei, and 蔣志佩. "The role of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in cytolethal distending toxin (CDT)-induced inflammation." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nc9xg2.

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Wu, Yu-Hua, and 吳育樺. "ROLES OF ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS (AGE) AND RECEPTOR FOR AGE (RAGE) IN CELL GROWTH IN HUMAN COLON CANCER." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07082690621681571864.

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碩士<br>中華醫事科技大學<br>生物科技系暨生物醫學研究所<br>102<br>Mounting evidence indicates that advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and their receptors (RAGE) have been implicated in tumor development and metastatic progression. However, prospective data on their association with cancer of specific sites, including colorectal cancer, are limited. We examined here whether and how AGE/RAGE could regulate cell growth in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines (HT-29 and SW-480). We found that exposure of HT-29 and SW-480 cells to AGE (but not non-glycated BSA) increased the cell growth in concentration- and time

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Penumutchu, Srinivasa rao, and 史尼瓦. "Interaction of Calcium bound S100P with V Domain of RAGE (Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products), Pentamidine and Cromolyn." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18143648657668930812.

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Jian-Wei, Chiou, and 邱建維. "Blocking the interaction between S100A12 and the V domain of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) by tranilast." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19788512936298892353.

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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>化學系<br>104<br>Abstract S100A12 (Calgranuline C) is a small and dimeric protein which belongs to the S100 family. When calcium ions bind to the two EF-hands of S100A12, the protein structure changes and promotes the interaction with its target proteins. RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end) is one of the target protein for S100A12. By the past research, it showed the binding between these two proteins generated a pro-inflammatory response and activated several signal pathways such as ERK and NF-κB. It is an effective way that preventing the formation of S100A12-RAGE pro

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Queisser, Markus Alexander [Verfasser]. "The role of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis / vorgelegt von Markus Alexander Queisser." 2009. http://d-nb.info/997093811/34.

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Sun, Pei-Fang, and 孫佩芳. "Study on the associated proteins of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in pituitary folliculo-stellate like TtT/GF cells." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65201129602662603762.

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碩士<br>國立陽明大學<br>醫學生物技術研究所<br>95<br>Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is related with many clinical diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, chronic inflammation, and the metastasis of malignant tumors. Pituitary gland is located outside the blood brain barrier (BBB) and can be directly influenced by LPS in the blood stream during infection. We found that the folliculo-stellate (FS) like cells, TtT/GF cells expressed RAGE which involved in the expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and MIP-2 gene induced by LPS. However, the mechanism of RAGE in pituitary FS cells is still

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Karakas, Mahir [Verfasser]. "Receptor-for-advanced-glycation-end-products-, (RAGE)-Genpolymorphismus bei Diabetikern und Prädiabetikern : von einer bevölkerungsbasierten Studie zur möglichen funktionellen Relevanz ; Ergebnisse der KORA-S2000-Studie / vorgelegt von Mahir Karakas." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000462935/34.

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Zakiyanov, Oskar. "Nové biomarkery u pacientů s onemocněním ledvin." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338466.

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are major public health problems. It is important to be able to identify those at high risk of adverse outcome, CKD progression and associated cardiovascular disease. The aim of the thesis was to study novel promising biomarkers, their relationship to kidney function, chronic inflammation and/or cardiovascular risk - placental growth factor (PlGF), pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), calcium

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