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1
Morvay, Karol, and Martin Hudcovský. "Different Impact of the Recession on the Labour Market: Less Work Without Increasing Unemployment in Slovakia." DANUBE 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/danb-2022-0015.
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Abstract The paper examines why the pandemic recession hit the labour market in Slovakia differently from previous recessions. Traditionally, the unemployment rose sharply during previous economic recessions. Therefore, it seemed like a novelty when the unemployment rate rose only insignificantly in a pandemic recession. We find that both the demand and supply side of the labour market played their role in it. Labour demand has been affected differently compared to the past: Instead of the usual sharp increase in unemployment during a recession, the rate of utilization of workers’ time capacities fell, with expected impacts also on income differentiation. This is in line with the way more advanced European economies have responded to recessions before. In addition, a new element was also present on the labour force supply side. In previous recessions, the labour force supply had been rising; in the recent pandemic recession, it fell for the first time.
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Seip, Knut Lehre, and Dan Zhang. "A High-Resolution Lead-Lag Analysis of US GDP, Employment, and Unemployment 1977–2021: Okun’s Law and the Puzzle of Jobless Recovery." Economies 10, no. 10 (October 20, 2022): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies10100260.
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Okun’s law is formulated as the ratio between GDP and unemployment (UE): β = f(GDP/UE). It is used to investigate the relations between output and labor input across regions or across business cycles. Based on results by James D. Hamilton we replaced the United States UE with employment (EM) for the years 1977 to 2021 and examined how employment changed relative to output during recessions and recoveries. We found that (i) EM was leading GDP before and lagging GDP after all recessions, except the 2020 recession. (ii) The βE(9) = GDP/EM for rolling ordinary linear regression over 9 months decreases just after a recession and then recovers over 2- to 4-year periods. (iii) The two series showing that EM → GDP and βE(9) < 0.5 coincided in the 34 months that partly preceded and partly followed five of six NBER recession dates, providing a probability of ≈0.0002 to coincide with the recessions by chance. Thus, the two series may be used to support forecasts of coming recessions. Since EM precedes GDP and labor productivity declines before recessions, a policy recommendation for avoiding “jobless recovery” is that employment should not increase more rapidly than the real economy.
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Brenner, M. Harvey. "Unemployment, Bankruptcies, and Deaths From Multiple Causes in the COVID-19 Recession Compared With the 2000‒2018 Great Recession Impact." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 11 (November 2021): 1950–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306490.
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Objectives. To determine whether unemployment and bankruptcy rates are related to increased excess deaths during the COVID-19 recession and to examine whether the current recession-based mortality rate not only is dependent on COVID-19 but also continues the pattern of recessions, especially the Great Recession, in relation to chronic disease mortality rates and mental health disturbances (e.g., including suicide) from 2000 to 2018. Methods. This study used pooled cross-sectional time series analysis to determine the impact of unemployment and bankruptcy rates on excess deaths from February to November 2020 for US states. The study used a second pooled cross-sectional time series analysis to determine whether the COVID-19‒ era recessional mortality continues the impact of prepandemic recessions (2000–2018) on multiple causes of mortality. Results. Ten percent unemployment was associated with approximately 48[thin space]149 excess deaths, while, jointly with bankruptcies, their combined effect produced 35 700 and 144 483 excess deaths, for unemployment and bankruptcies, respectively. These health-damaging COVID-19‒recessional findings suggest a reiteration of the significantly increased major cause‒specific mortality during 2000 to 2018, mitigated by the size of the health care workforce. Conclusions. Minimization of deaths attributable to the COVID-19 recession requires ample funding for the unemployed and underemployed, especially Black and Hispanic communities, along with significant investments in the health workforce. (Am J Public Health. 2021;111(11):1950–1959. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306490 )
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Gregg, Paul, and Jonathan Wadsworth. "The UK Labour Market and the 2008-9 Recession." National Institute Economic Review 212 (April 2010): R61—R72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0027950110372445.
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The recession of 2008–9 inflicted a larger cumulative loss of UK output than any of the other postwar recessions. Nevertheless, employment rates remained higher than might have been expected given the experience of previous recessions. The main reasons for this appear to be a combination of high firm profitability levels going into the recession, supportive monetary and fiscal policies during the recession, reductions in real producer wages and relatively buoyant real consumer wages. Unemployment had reached its lowest levels for 30 years going in to the latest recession and has also remained relatively subdued through the downturn, certainly compared to previous recessions. A combination of lower inflow rates into unemployment, allied with a relatively higher outflow rate into employment underlie this. As government support for the economy is scaled back, it may be however that it will take a long time for employment to return to levels last seen before the recession.
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Tomina, Darius, Smaranda Buduru, Cristian Mihail Dinu, Andreea Kui, Cătălina Dee, Raluca Cosgarea, and Marius Negucioiu. "Incidence of Malocclusion among Young Patients with Gingival Recessions—A Cross-Sectional Observational Pilot Study." Medicina 57, no. 12 (November 30, 2021): 1316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina57121316.
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Background and Objectives: Dental occlusion and gingival recession have been studied over the past years especially because of the increasing incidence of occlusal interferences in young patients. The purpose of this pilot study is to investigate any association between occlusal dysfunctions and gingival recessions. Data on gingival phenotype and previous orthodontic treatment were also collected to assess any correlation with the presence of gingival recession. Materials and Methods: Forty systemically healthy subjects, without signs of periodontitis and with gingival recessions, were included in the study. The following parameters were determined: location and extent of the gingival recession, gingival phenotype and functional occlusion by means of observing and registering the occlusal contacts in maximum intercuspation position, protrusive and lateral guidance. Results: Premolars were mostly affected in cases of working-side interferences during lateral guidance (71.19% of the affected teeth during left and 75% during right mandibular movements). The chi-squared exact test applied for the analysis of contingency tables revealed statistically significant associations between excursive interferences during lateral guidance and anterior guidance and the presence of gingival recession on the involved group of teeth. Conclusions: The results suggest that most gingival recessions might be associated with working-side interferences, the highest number of gingival recessions being associated with active interferences during lateral guidance.
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Kiley, Michael T. "Financial and Macroeconomic Indicators of Recession Risk." FEDS Notes, no. 2022-06-21 (June 2022): None. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3126.
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Recessions impose sizable hardship, with large increases in the unemployment rate and related dislocations. In addition, recessions can lead to large shifts in financial markets. As a result, economists and financial market professionals have considered prediction models to assess the probability of a recession.
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Abolfazli, Nader, Afsoon Asadollahi, Masoumeh Faramarzi, and Fariba Saleh Saber. "Efficacy of Double Pedicle Graft with and without PRGF in Treating Cl I and Cl II Gingival Recessions." Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry 7, no. 2 (October 8, 2018): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jpid.2015.009.
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Background and aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of double pedicle graft (DPG) with and without plasma rich in growth factor (PRGF) in the treatment of Miller's Cl I and II gingival recessions. Materials and methods. Thirty-two bilateral buccal gingival Miller’s Cl I and II recessions were selected. Sixteen of the recessions were treated with DPG and PRGF (test group). The remaining sixteen recessions were treated with DPG (control group). The clinical parameters, including clinical probing depth (CPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession depth (RD), recession width (RW) and keratinized gingiva width (KGW), were measured at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months later. Data were analyzed with paired t-test. Results. After 6 months, both groups exhibited a significant improvement in all the criteria mentioned above. However, none of the groups showed significant differences in pocket depths after 6 months. At the end of the study there were significant improvements in recession depths and widths and clinical attachment levels and keratinized gingiva width between test and control groups Conclusion. The method using DPG+PRGF resulted in more favorable clinical outcomes than only DPG.
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Krasnokutskyy, O. A., P. A. Hasiuk, and M. Y. Goncharuk-Khomyn. "ANALYSIS OF THE GINGIVAL RECESSION PREVALENCE AMONG DENTAL PATIENTS CONSIDERING ASSOCIATED AGE-RELATED, IATROGENIC AND PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF DENTAL STATUS." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.1.2022.02.
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Assessment of gingival recessions prevalence and explicitation of their distribution among studied samples of dental patients considering criteria of age, sex, severity of gingival apical migration and the facts of associated dental status changes can potentially help to identify specific risk groups. Implementation of preventive measure among such risk groups could potentially optimize the prognosis of future conservative or surgical treatment of gingival recessions.
The objective of present study was to evaluate the prevalence of gingival recessions among dental patients, while also considering the associated age-related, iatrogenic and pathological changes of dental status. In order to assess the prevalence of gingival recessions among dental patients a study sample was formed out of the patients of the private dental clinic "Dentistry 3D Plus" (Cherkasy).
Formation of study sample was provided by the method of block randomization according to the different age subgroups (18-19 years, 20-29 years, 3039 years, 40-49 years and 50-59 years). Each subgroup was set with 100 dental patients of the appropriate age. The diagnosis of recession was established due to the specific diagnostic criterion of marginal gingiva apical migration with exposure of the tooth root surface. The recession classification was performed according to the approach proposed by P.D. Miller’s. The depth of the recession was determined using a periodontal probe of CP 15 North Carolina design. Recessions were identified in 52 persons (52,0%) among 100 patients aged 18-19 years, in 68 persons (68,0%) among patients aged 20-29 years, in 95 persons (95,0%) among patients aged 30-39 years, in 96 persons (96,0%) among patients aged 40-49 years, and in 96 persons (96,0%) among patients aged 50-59 years. In general, the average prevalence of Miller’s class I recessions among all pathologies diagnosed within different age subgroups was 61,45±16,82%, prevalence of Miller’s class II recession reached 10,74±3,56%, prevalence of Miller’s class III recession was 21,71±10.80%, and prevalence of Miller’s class IV recession was 6,10±2.97%. Thus, Miller's class I and III recessions were the most prevalent, and the frequency of their diagnostics was statistically higher than class II (p < 0,05) and class IV recessions (p < 0,05). The average depth of recessions that met the diagnostic criteria for class I according to Miller was 2,31±1.35 mm, for Miller’s class II – 4,27±2,40 mm, for Miller’s class III – 6.31 ± 2.86 mm, for Miller’s class IV – 7,53±2,29 mm. Among all diagnosed recessions cases that were observed among patients of different age subgroups, 13,71±6,72% were associated with periodontitis pathology, 5,04±2,98% with overcrowding, 7,80±3,84% with signs of pathological attrition, 9,06±2,13% with non-carious cervical dental lesions, 7,85±1,60% with carious lesions of enamel and dentin, 7,97±1,83% with parafunctional activity and/or traumatic occlusion pattern, 7,85±4,26% with the fact of orthodontic intervention, 9,75±2,44% with existing problematic restorations, 8,16±1.62% with anomalies of teeth position, 7,72±0,74% with inadequate oral hygiene condition, 5,25±0,90% with bad habits that were identified during anamnesis collection, 5,28±2,60% with anomalies of mucous bundles attachment, while in 4,55±4,18% of the cases diagnosed recessions were not clinically associated with functional or structural dental status disorders.
The results of study demonstrated a progressive increase in the number of recessions associated with periodontal disease (p < 0,05), pathological attrition (p < 0,05), non-carious dental lesions (p <0.05) and problematic restorations (p < 0,05 ) related to the parallel increase of patients’ average age, which according to the provided regression analysis was statistically significant during the comparison of such studied parameters among different age subgroups. Patients aged 30 years and older, male, and those with clinical signs of periodontitis, pathological attrition, non-carious and carious cervical lesions, poor oral hygiene, overcrowding of teeth, abnormalities of teeth position and abnormal attachment of mucous membranes could be categorized as those having potential risk for further recession development. Therefore, such patients require provision of timely comprehensive dental treatment to maintain the level of soft tissue coverage in the area of their own teeth and to correct changes in dental status associated with gingival recession development. Considering established relationship between the frequency of recession diagnostics among patients of different age subgroups and associated age-related, iatrogenic and pathological changes of dental status, it is advisable to determine how the latter may affect the prognosis of surgical treatment of gingival recessions with the use of flap displacement techniques and different soft tissue transplants for restoring soft tissue coverage of exposed root surfaces.
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Bhattacharya, Abhi, Valerie Good, and Hanieh Sardashti. "Doing good when times are bad: the impact of CSR on brands during recessions." European Journal of Marketing 54, no. 9 (June 29, 2020): 2049–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-01-2019-0088.
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Purpose This paper aims to determine what the brand performance consequences of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities would be during times of recession for well-known brands. Design/methodology/approach Based on signaling theory, this paper investigates if CSR activities serve to signal higher brand value for consumers via perceptions of better quality and greater differentiation, specifically during recessions. This study incorporates a representative longitudinal sample of known US firms for the analyses, which is accomplished through generalized method of moments estimations. Findings The findings empirically demonstrate that CSR initiatives during recessions are actually associated with increased perceptions of brand value. More specifically, during recessions, CSR initiatives such as charitable contributions provide a signal to customers of higher brand quality. Research limitations/implications This study did not control for the costs of doing specific CSR activities that may be less visible to consumers. Practical implications While individual firms or managers may not be able to prevent recessions from happening, they can limit the negative impact of recessions on their performance by engaging in CSR activities (or refrain from cutting back) during these times. Social implications Because CSR initiatives during recessions result in more favorable consumer perceptions of the brand, engaging in CSR aligns both social and managerial interests, owing to the economic gains from CSR investments. Originality/value During times of recession, some critics indicate that CSR may be an unaffordable luxury. On the contrary, this research shows that managers may want to consider CSR activities as a means of increasing the value of their brands, especially during economic recessions.
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Mohapi, Tjhaka Alphons, and I. Botha. "The Explanatory Power Of The Yield Curve In Predicting Recessions In South Africa." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 12, no. 6 (May 24, 2013): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v12i6.7868.
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The term structure of interest rates, particularly the term spreaddetermined from the difference between ten-year government bond yields andthree-month Treasury bill yields, has received increased attention as avaluable forecasting tool for the purposes of monetary policy and recessionforecasting. This is on the back of the observed positive relationship betweenterm spread and economic activity. Moreover, the term spread has been observedto invert prior to the occurrence of economic recessions both in developed anddeveloping countries.This study investigated the forecasting ability of the South African(S.A.) term spread in predicting S.A. recessions, taking into account therecent global economic recession. The motivation is due to the forecastingconsistencies illustrated by the term spread in providing statisticallyincorrect signals of recession in 2003, which did not transit into reality. Itimplied a weak relationship between the S.A. term spread and economic activity.Moreover, based on observations from the literature that term spreads andeconomic activities across countries are correlated, the term spreads of China,United States (U.S.) and Germany were investigated and compared to the S.A.term spread to determine which better forecasts S.A. recessions. The studyemployed the Dynamic Probit Model since it is considered to provide a betterpredictive edge over the Traditional Static Probit model.The findings revealed that the S.A. term spread accurately predicted allthe S.A recessions since 1980; Chinese term spread accurately predicted the1996 and 2008 S.A recessions; U.S. term spread predicted some recessions; whileGerman term spread predictions were counter-cyclical.
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Iordanishvili, A. K., and A. A. Serikov. "Gum recession as a medical and social problem of marine medicine." Marine Medicine 7, no. 4 (January 4, 2022): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2413-5747-2021-7-4-49-53.
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Introduction. An important role in ensuring the aesthetics of the face and smile is played by the integrity of the teeth, dentition, the absence of dentoalveolar anomalies, as well as periodontal health, including the presence of gum recessions. If there are separate publications for inflammatory periodontal diseases in the crew, then there is no information on the occurrence of gum recessions in the crew.The aim of the study was to study the incidence of gingival recessions in the crew, to assess the features of their clinical course and the possibility of eliminating them during the voyage.Material and methods. To identify gingival recessions and the peculiarities of their clinical course after oral sanitation and before a long sea voyage, a dental examination was carried out on 156 men aged 22 to 52 years, who were divided into 2 groups: young (group 1, 105 people) and middle (group 2, 51 people) age. To determine the type of gum recession in the crew, the generally accepted Miller classification was used.Results and its discussion. The high incidence of gingival recessions among the ship crew was determined, amounting to 33,97%. It was found that gum recessions are more often detected in middle-aged sailors (72,55%) than in young sailors (15,24%). Regardless of the age group of sailors, most often, in 90,57% of cases, there were such clinical forms of gum recessions (I, II and III A classes), with surgical removal of which a favorable treatment result is noted.Conclusion. The recession of the gums in the ship’s crew is a medical and social problem, which can be solved during a long sea voyage with the presence of a specialist — a dentist-surgeon.
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ELEMEK, Eser. "Kuronale Kaydırılan Flep ve Bağ Doku Grefti ile Tedavi Edilen Dişeti Çekilmelerinin Retrospektif Analizi." İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.1139065.
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Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of coronally advanced flap and connective tissue graft (CAF+CTG) in the treatment of gingival recessions (GR).Method: Periodontal records of 32 single and multiple GR in 11 patients treated with CAF+CTG were selected for the study. According to Cairo’s classification, recession type 1 defects were included. Recession depth (RD), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were assessed at baseline and follow-ups. Mean root coverage (MRC) and complete root coverage (CRC) were evaluated. Compliance with supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) was also determined.Results: Mean age of 11 patients was 29.6±4.4 years. The mean observation time of 32 recessions was 37.6±24.2 months. All clinical parameters showed an improvement between baseline and the latest follow-up. After treatment with CAF+CTG, MRC was 92.6±13.1% and CRC was achieved in 75% of the recessions. Compliance to SPT was calculated at 83.3%.Conclusion: The use of CAF+CTG yielded positive outcomes in terms of all clinical parameters and complete root coverage in Cairo recession type 1 defects with a mean observation period of >3 years. The results of the present study confirm the use of CAF+CTG as a gold standard for the treatment of gingival recessions.
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Allayarov, Sardor. "The Great Recession and International Economic Order: Insights from Global Economic Crises." Journal of Peace and Diplomacy 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2024): 41–63. https://doi.org/10.59111/jpd.005.02.076.
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The emergence of a new world order has become a topic of significant debate among international relations scholars in the wake of the Great Recession, as the U.S.-led global order established after World War II seems to be nearing its decline. However, some scholars fail to consider the impact of economic recessions on the world order, often overlooking the structural shifts within the international economic and financial system. This article seeks to clarify these shifts by analyzing four major global economic recessions between 1929 and 2020. It also explores the causal relationship between economic recessions and the evolution of the international economic order, examining how major powers act to preserve stability. The findings show that global economic recessions do not necessarily result in the emergence of a new world order; rather, the international economic order changes only when a leading economic power fails to stabilize the system. In all the case studies analyzed, the U.S. retained its role as the primary stabilizer of the global system, with a limited shift of responsibility to China during the 2008 Great Recession
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Guimarães, Dennis Malta, Patrícia Freitas de Andrade, Julio Rebollal, André Martins das Neves, and José Mauro Granjeiro. "A modified tunnel technique to treat multiple gingival recessions: Case Series." Brazilian Dental Journal 34, no. 3 (June 2023): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202305502.
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Abstract This case series reports a modified tunnel technique with connective tissue graft for the root coverage of multiple Miller Class I, II, and III gingival recessions. The modified approach presents an innovative suture technique to improve the stability and position of the graft. Ten patients with multiple gingival recessions (n=85 teeth) received surgical root coverage treatment. The gingival recession height and width were measured and presented as median, minimum, and maximum values. The percentage of the root coverage after at least 12 months expressed the treatment effectiveness. The Shapiro-Wilk test evaluated the normality; pared Wilcoxon test determined the exact P-value for the differences in the height of the gingival recession before and after surgical treatment (α = 0.05). An average of 97.9% (± 5.6%, p < 0.0001) root coverage after treatment occurred, and 73 out of 85 recessions presented complete root coverage after 12 months. Treatment of Miller class I and II gingival recessions resulted in root coverage higher than 99 and class III higher than 95% (p < 0.0001). The presented case series report the efficacy of a modified surgical technique promoting more than 95% of root coverage after 12 months in multiple Miller Class I, II, and III gingival recessions. Well-designed blind randomized controlled trials are needed to validate the proposed technique.
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Jo, Yoon Joo, and Sarah Zubairy. "State-Dependent Government Spending Multipliers: Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity and Sources of Business Cycle Fluctuations." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2025): 379–413. https://doi.org/10.1257/mac.20220156.
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In a New Keynesian model with downward nominal wage rigidity (DNWR), we show that government spending is more effective in stimulating output in a low-inflation recession relative to a high-inflation recession. The government spending multiplier is large when DNWR binds, but the nature of recession matters due to the opposing response of inflation and, consequently, for real wages. Using US historical time series data, we provide evidence of larger spending multipliers in low-inflation recessions and the importance of the depth of recessions. We also employ cross-sectional data from US states to document supporting evidence on multipliers and our proposed mechanism. (JEL E12, E24, E31, E32, E62, H50)
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López, Jesús Rodríguez, and Mario Solís García. "ACCOUNTING FOR SPANISH BUSINESS CYCLES." Macroeconomic Dynamics 20, no. 3 (December 2, 2014): 685–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100514000558.
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We apply the business cycle accounting methodology proposed by Chari, Kehoe, and McGrattan to identify the sources of Spanish business fluctuations during two outstanding cyclical episodes: the recession alongside the transition to democracy in 1977 and the great recession of 2008. We find that the labor wedge played a key role during both recessions and that taxes and labor market institutions are likely behind the wedge movements. We conclude that any model that tries to understand the causes of recessions that occurred in the last three decades should focus on the labor wedge.
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Hershbein, Brad, and Bryan A. Stuart. "The Evolution of Local Labor Markets after Recessions." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 16, no. 3 (July 1, 2024): 399–435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20220132.
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This paper studies how US local labor markets respond to employment losses that occur during recessions. Following recessions from 1973 through 2009, we find areas that lose more jobs during the recession experience persistent relative declines in employment and population. Most importantly, these local labor markets also experience persistent decreases in the employment-population ratio, earnings per capita, and earnings per worker. Our results imply that limited population responses result in longer-lasting consequences for local labor markets than previously thought and that recessions are followed by persistent reallocation of employment across space. (JEL E32, J21, J31, J61, R23)
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Madan, Aastik. "Recession and Technological Change: Does Technological Change contribute to Recessions." Innovative Research Thoughts 9, no. 4 (2023): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36676/irt.2023-v9i4-018.
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This research paper analyses the role of technological change in the occurrence of recessions or periods of strained economic growth. Economists and industry professionals have provided us with various possibilities and causes that lead to the existence of a recession. Even though most economists believe causes such as inflation and unemployment to be the main contributing factors towards the occurrence of recessions, there are some economists, from an alternate school of thought, who attribute the occurrence of recessions to gradual technological change and process innovations. Over the years, there have been multiple research papers published that have tried to establish a correlation between economic growth and technological change. This paper aims to build on this existing research and provide a better and more conclusive explanation for the influence of technological change on the global economy and periods of recession through a detailed analysis of R&D spending, innovations, and employee compositions. The paper will trace the development of the listed aspects through periods of strained economic growth such as the recessions of 2007-2009 and 1991-92 to establish an effective line of reasoning.
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Marini, Milena Guerreiro, Sebastião Luiz Aguiar Greghi, Euloir Passanezi, and Adriana Campos Passanezi Sant'Ana. "Gingival recession: prevalence, extension and severity in adults." Journal of Applied Oral Science 12, no. 3 (September 2004): 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572004000300017.
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The gingival recession was assessed in 380 adult individuals aged more than 20 years and comprised both subjects being treated and looking for treatment at Bauru Dental School. Clinical evaluation was conducted by a single examiner in all teeth and involved analysis of four dental aspects (mesial, buccal, distal and lingual). The gingival recession was regarded as present whenever more than 1mm of root surface was exposed, and its vertical width was measured in millimeters from the cementoenamel junction to the gingival margin. The recessions were further scored following the criteria suggested by Miller in 1985. Gingival recession was observed in at least one dental surface in about 89% of the individuals analyzed. The prevalence, extension and severity of this clinical aspect increased with age. Class I recessions were the most frequent, yet there was a gradual increase of Class III and IV recessions as older subjects were evaluated. The mandibular teeth displayed more surfaces with gingival recession than the maxillary teeth and the mandibular incisors were the most affected teeth. Such high prevalence of gingival recession in adult patients demonstrates that dental professionals should provide attention to the clinical relevance of such alterations, as well as to the diagnosis of the etiologic factors.
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Jalilvand, Navid, Dimitrios Kasapoudis, Ersin Altun, Ghazal Aarabi, Sahar Hajilou, and Thomas Baker. "Treatment of Maxillary Gingival Recessions Using the Modified Coronally Advanced Tunnel Technique in Combination with a Volume-Stable Collagen Matrix: A Prospective Case Series with a 12-Month Follow-up." International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry 43, no. 6 (November 3, 2023): 655–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11607/prd.6244.
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The aim of this case series was to evaluate the clinical performance of a new volume-stable collagen matrix (VCMX) in combination with the modified coronally advanced tunnel technique (MCAT) for the treatment of gingival recessions. Thirteen patients with a total of 33 maxillary RT1 single and multiple gingival recessions were included in the study. Probing pocket depth (PPD), recession width (RECW), recession depth (REC), height of keratinized tissue (HKT), and gingival thickness (GT) were assessed at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up. Postoperative healing was uneventful in all cases without any complications. At 12 months, mean root coverage (MRC) was 92.88%, with complete root coverage (CRC) in 87.88% of treated sites. The present findings suggest that VCMX in combination with MCAT results in predictable coverage of maxillary RT1 gingival recessions. Further studies with larger sample sizes and control groups are needed to support these preliminary outcomes.
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Cavieres, Bruno, Eduardo Cuellar, Mauricio Nally, Andreas Anwandter, and Duniel Ortuño. "Factors associated with gingival recession prevalence in undergraduate students of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Universidad de los Andes in the year 2022." Medwave 24, no. 08 (September 30, 2024): e2784-e2784. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2024.08.2784.
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Objective To determine the prevalence of gingival recessions in students of the faculty of odontology at Universidad de Los Andes and the factor associated with its presence. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a randomized stratified sampling was used to select the students. The sample included 311 undergraduate students evaluated between March and December 2022. The year spectrum was from 17 to 29 years old. Two calibrated examiners intra e interoperator completed a clinical evaluation with a periodontal probe, where the purpose was to diagnose gingival recessions and identify if there were any related factors such as smoking, braces, bruxism, marginal insertion frenulum, fine phenotype, and malposition. The total prevalence was described with each trust interval of 95%. The association between categorical variables was analyzed with the chi-square test, and the t-student test of the Mann-Whitney test analyzed the difference between continuous variables and recession prevalence. Results 93,56% of the students presented at least one gingival recession. The highest prevalence related to teeth occurred in pieces 1.6, 3.4, 2.6, and 4.1, and the most severe were 3.3, 4.3, and 1.3. The most associated factor related to recessions was orthodontics, with a prevalence of 75,2%. Bruxism showed a positive association with the number of recessions, with a prevalence of 60,7%. Conclusions Buccal gingival recessions were very prevalent in undergraduate students at the dental school of Universidad de los Andes during 2022, and they were strongly associated with the history of orthodontics.
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Dewina Marsha Larasati, Steven Hananta, Vincent Laksono, and Shafira Kurnia. "Management miller class I recession with platelet rich fibrin and coronally repositioned flap." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 14, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.14.3.0547.
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Background: Gingival recession is associated with root exposure, often leading to hypersensitivity concerns esthetically and difficulty maintaining optimum oral hygiene. Several surgical procedures have been suggested to treat gingival recessions. Objective: This treatment is done to eliminate tooth hypersensitivity and to get ideal crown proportion with coronally repositioned flap. Method and Treatment Result: Dental health education (DHE) and scaling root planning (SRP) was completed before the coronally repositioned flap procedure. In result, gingival recessions and tooth hypersensitivity was reduced significantly. Conclusion: Platelet rich fibrin and coronally repositioned flap is the appropriate technique to treat miller class I recession.
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Chu, Pyung Kun. "Forecasting Recessions with Financial Variables and Temporal Dependence." Economies 9, no. 3 (August 23, 2021): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies9030118.
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Extending earlier research on forecasting recessions with financial variables, I examine the importance of additional financial variables and temporal dependence for recession prediction. I show that both additional financial variables, in particular, the Treasury bill spread, default yield spread, stock return volatility, and temporal cubic terms, which account for temporal dependence, independently help to improve not only in-sample, but also out-of-sample recession prediction. I also find that additional financial variables and temporal cubic terms complement each other in enhancing the predictability of recessions, increasing the explanatory power and decreasing prediction error further, compared to their individual performance.
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Mazurek, Jiří. "The Evaluation of Recession Magnitudes in EU Countries during the Great Recession 2008–2010." Review of Economic Perspectives 16, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revecp-2016-0014.
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Abstract The aim of this article is to compare 2008-2010 recession magnitudes in individual EU countries. For the comparison the recession magnitude scale was used. The strongest recession during the examined period took place in Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Greece and Ireland, while the weakest recessions in the EU occurred in France, Malta and Cyprus. Poland and Slovakia were the only two EU countries that didn’t fall into a recession, that’s why they were not included in the study. The main findings of the paper are that EU19’s recession was much smaller than both the Great Depression of the 1930s and the recent Great Recession in the USA. Furthermore, with the use of a linear econometric model it was found that recession magnitudes in EU countries were directly proportional to the countries’ GDP per capita in 2008 and growth prior to recessions, while countries’ economic openness was indirectly proportional to recession magnitudes, all the relationships being statistically significant.
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Auerbach, Alan J., and Yuriy Gorodnichenko. "Measuring the Output Responses to Fiscal Policy." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 4, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.4.2.1.
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A key issue in current research and policy is the size of fiscal multipliers when the economy is in recession. We provide three insights. First, using regime-switching models, we find large differences in the size of spending multipliers in recessions and expansions with fiscal policy being considerably more effective in recessions than in expansions. Second, we estimate multipliers for more disaggregate spending variables which behave differently relative to aggregate fiscal policy shocks, with military spending having the largest multiplier. Third, we show that controlling for predictable components of fiscal shocks tends to increase the size of the multipliers in recessions. (JEL C32, E62, H20, H62, H63)
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Mysore Babu, Harsha, Pallavi K Nanaiah, and Ammu Varghese. "Management of Multiple Gingival Recessions Using Zucchelli’s Modified Coronally Advanced Flap Technique with or withoutPlatelet Rich Fibrin Membrane – A Case Report." RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences 13, no. 1 (2021): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26715/rjds.13_1_15.
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Gingival recession is the apical migration of the gingival margin with exposure of root surfaces. Fulfilling functional and esthetic demands of patients with multiple gingival recessions remains a major therapeutic challenge. While treating adjacent multiple recession defects in esthetic areas, selection of appropriate surgical procedure that restores optimal esthetic and functional stability is of paramount importance, which allows the clinician to gain optimal structural correction of the soft tissue deficiency yet does not compromise the soft tissue architecture and esthetics. Zucchelli and De Sanctis have described a modified coronally advanced flap design for the treatment of multiple gingival recessions, which allows for optimal flap adaptation and satisfactory root coverage. Platelet Rich Fibrin demonstrates the additional biologic effects, where its growth factors enhance the wound healing mechanism and are postulated as promoters of tissue regeneration. This case report presents bilateral multiple gingival recessions treated with Zucchelli’s modified coronally advanced flap with or without the use of Platelet Rich Fibrin.
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Nosova, M. A., L. T. Volova, A. N. Sharov, D. A. Trunin, and M. A. Postnikov. "Surgical treatment of multiple gingival recessions by the combination of autograftand allogenic lyophilized dura mater: a clinical case." Parodontologiya 26, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2021-26-2-125-136.
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Relevance. Gingival recession is the apical migration of the gingival tissues associated with the exposure of the roots and alveolar bone loss. The prevalence of single recessions in people over 18 years old is 86.7% whereas multiple recessions, i.e. where all teeth are affected, amount up to 28.6%. High prevalence of the pathology necessitates improvement of the approach and tactic of multiple recession treatment in patients with different phenotypes. Nowadays, the use of autograft is the gold standard of multiple recession treatment. However, the technique has its drawbacks. The purpose of the present work was to assess the response to surgery and evaluate the final result of multiple recession treatment in one subject where the combination of autogenic and allogenic grafts was used in the same study design.Materials and methods. The paper presents and describes a clinical case where auto- and allografts were used in one patient to treat multiple gingival recessions.Results. All parameters of the gingival recession assessment showed comparable clinical benefit in all sites of autograft and allograft (dura mater) application. The root coverage was more than 80% around 13 teeth and less than 80% around 11 teeth.Conclusion. The results of the autograft and allograft (dura mater) application were comparable, response to surgery was the same; besides, the allograft (dura mater) is attractive for combined and independent use during surgical treatment of multiple and especially full-mouth recessions.
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Lapa, João, Nélio J. Veiga, Claudia Ribeiro, Tiago Marques, Nuno Malta Santos, and Manuel De Sousa. "Determinants of gingival recessions in Portuguese adults." Revista Odonto Ciência 31, no. 2 (December 26, 2016): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-6523.2016.2.16957.
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Objectives: The objective of this study consisted in determining the prevalence of gingival recession and potential risk factors associated in a sample of patients that had a dental appointment in the University Clinic of the Portuguese Catholic University in Viseu, Portugal.Methods: We conducted an epidemiological observational cross-sectional study where a sample of 101 patients was assessed. The participants were subjected to a questionnaire and an intra-oral clinical examination was made in order to assess gingival recessions.Results: The prevalence of recession was 85.1%. The presence of habits and a high plaque index are associated with the onset of recessions and its severity. The aesthetic condition was influenced only in 14.0% of the cases and just 17.4% of the patients with gingival recession had tooth hipersensibility. There is a stronger association between the development of recessions and using a brushing technique based mostly on horizontal movements and brushes with harder bristles.Conclusion: Although further studies need to be applied in a more representative sample, we conclude that the majority of the analyzed sample has already suitable oral health behaviors, however, some need to be modified as the understanding of the need to change certain habits to prevent development of recessions.
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Chen, Shiu-Sheng, and Yu-Hsi Chou. "DOES FEAR LEAD TO RECESSIONS?" Macroeconomic Dynamics 20, no. 5 (January 20, 2015): 1247–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100514000819.
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This paper investigates the link between consumer pessimism and U.S. economic recessions empirically. First we use structural vector autoregressive models to identify negative structural shocks to consumer confidence, which are used as a proxy for recession fear. We then apply probit models and time-varying-transition-probability Markov-switching autoregressive models to investigate how the lack of consumer confidence affects the probability of recession. We find that recession fear leads to a higher probability of economic downturns. Furthermore, strong evidence exists that an increase in market pessimism may push the economy from an expansion state to a recession state. We also find weaker evidence suggesting that a lack of consumer confidence may trap the economy in the depressed regime longer. We conclude that a lack of confidence can push the economy into recession.
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Pedowska, Marlena, Marta Prokop, Renata Chałas, and Maja Ptasiewicz. "The Use of Collagen Matrix in the Treatment of Gingival Recession—A Pilot Study." Journal of Personalized Medicine 12, no. 11 (November 15, 2022): 1902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111902.
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Background. Gingival recessions are common mucogingival deformities and conditions around teeth, which are described as the apical migration of tissues in the relation to the cementoenamel junction. One of the types of graft materials used to treat these recessions is the collagen graft material. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the collagen matrix combined with the coronally advanced flap surgery method to cover dental recessions, after a 12 month follow-up period. Methods. The following parameters were assessed in 20 patients, with 38 single or multiple Miller class I or II gingival recessions: depth of the recession—RD; width of the recession—RW; height of the keratinized tissue—HKT; and thickness of the keratinized gingivae—GT. The percentage of the root coverage after 12 months was also calculated. Results. There was a significant difference in the RD and RW values before and after the procedure. On average, the RD decreased by 3.39 mm, and the RW by 3.87 mm. Moreover, the values of the GT and HKT, before and after the treatment, significantly increased by 0.98 mm and 1.13 mm, respectively. The partial root coverage was 43.48%, and the total root coverage was 56.52%. Conclusion. The use of the collagen matrix with a split thickness gingival flap to cover the gingival recessions is a predictable and effective method when the clinician carefully follows the recommendation of the producer, which was confirmed in a 1 year follow-up with good clinical results.
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Pernet, Fabienne, Cristina Vento, Nikolaos Pandis, and Stavros Kiliaridis. "Long-term evaluation of lower incisors gingival recessions after orthodontic treatment." European Journal of Orthodontics 41, no. 6 (March 29, 2019): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjy086.
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Summary Aim The development of gingival recessions has been associated with orthodontic treatment; however, a clear etiology is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to further clarify potential association between the development of labial and lingual recessions and inclination of the lower incisors during orthodontic treatment, vertical facial morphology, width of the alveolar bone process, height and width of their symphysis after orthodontic treatment and at long-term retention. Methods On dental casts and good quality lateral cephalograms of 126 orthodontically treated patients, relevant measurements were performed and gingival recessions were assessed and recorded before, immediately after treatment and at long-term retention. Results Taking into account the whole sample at three different occasions, on the buccal side, the lateral incisors have significantly less recessions than the central incisor. On the lingual side, tooth 32 presented with lower risk of recession compared to all other three incisors. No association was found between the width of the alveolar bone process at the apex (Wapex), at the level of the crest (Wcrest) and at mid of the root (Wmid), the width (D), the vertical skeletal pattern (AnsPns-Go’Me) and the onset of buccal or lingual recessions. Development of new recessions was clearly associated with males and with increasing age. The symphysis height (Me-Wcrest) was statistically related with the onset of lingual recessions on 32 and 42. The ratio between the symphysis height and the width at the crest level demonstrated a statistically significant association with the presence of buccal and lingual recessions. Excessive proclination (≥10°) of the lower incisors demonstrated an association with the onset of recessions in 25 per cent of the cases. Conclusion Based on the sample of this study, there is some evidence that increased symphysis height (Me-Wcrest), and ratio between the symphysis height and the width at the crest level as well as big change of lower incisor inclination during treatment are associated with the development of recessions.
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Saleem, Namira, and Arti Ghai. "The Impact Of Economic Recession On Delhi's Hotel And Restaurant Industry: A Comprehensive Analysis." PUSA Journal of Hospitality and Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (2023): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/pjhas.2023.9.2.3.
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Background: The hotel and restaurant industries wield a pivotal influence on the global economy, but they are exquisitely vulnerable to economic oscillations. Comprehending the economic reverberations on these sectors is paramount for formulating efficacious strategies to surmount obstacles and perpetuate growth. Objective: This paper scrutinizes the economic repercussions on the hotel and restaurant industries and probes the factors that sway their performance amidst economic recessions. It also investigates the organizational practices and stratagems implemented to grapple with recessions and ensure survival. Methodology: Cross sectional field survey was executed in Delhi, India, with data amassed from 10 five-star hotels and 30 quick-service restaurants employing a questionnaire. Respondents were in age bracket of 31-50 years in which 70% were male and 30% of the respondents were manager. Chi-square tests, mean calculations, standard deviation calculations, and t-tests were deployed for data analysis. Result: The results unveil momentous associations between factors such as recession causes, severity of impact, measures adopted to combat the recession, and strategies embraced subsequent to the recession. Additionally, the study examines expectations regarding recovery time and organizational practices for retaining employees during a recession. Conclusion: The findings yield invaluable insights into the industry's response to economic recessions and proffer guidance for hotel and restaurant proprietors, managers, and staff to augment their competitiveness and navigate arduous economic circumstances.
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Jovičić, Bojan, Stevo Matijević, Stefan Veličković, Momir Stevanović, Aleksandra Mišić, Slavoljub Stanojević, and Marija Bubalo. "Effectiveness of Plasma-Rich Fibrin and De-Epithelialized Free Gingival Graft in the Treatment of Gingival Recessions." Medicina 59, no. 3 (February 23, 2023): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59030447.
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Introduction/Aim: Soft tissue dehiscences such as gingival recessions are a very common problem that we face in modern periodontics. This clinical study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of surgical procedures using a de-epithelialized gingival graft (DGG) combined with a coronally advanced flap and to evaluate the application of plasma-rich fibrin (PRF). Methods: The study included 40 teeth (20 patients) with Miller class I and II gingival recessions. Twenty recessions (20 patients) were treated utilizing the de-epithelialized gingival graft in combination with the coronally advanced flap, and on the opposite side of the jaw, the same number of recessions were treated utilizing plasma-rich fibrin combined with the coronally advanced flap. To evaluate tissue condition and the clinical parameters before and after the surgical procedure, the following parameters were used: the degree of epithelial attachment (DEA), the width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), and the vertical depth of recession (VDR). Results: based on the achieved results and the analysis of clinical parameters, a statistically significant reduction in the vertical depth of recession was proven in both groups, with very similar mean percentages of root coverage, with the difference being that the stability of the soft tissues of the treated region was more visible in the DGG. Conclusion: using modern surgical procedures allows the regeneration of not only the soft tissues but also deeper periodontal tissues.
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Ribeiro, Fernando Salimon, Juliana Aparecida Najarro Dearo de Morais-Camillo, José Marcos Alves Fernandes, Juliana Rico Pires, Elizangela Partata Zuza, and Ana Emília Farias Pontes. "Multiple Marginal Tissue Recession Treated with a Simplified Lateral Sliding Flap Technique." Case Reports in Dentistry 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/432960.
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Marginal tissue recession is a common esthetic problem that is usually accompanied by dentin sensitivity, and patients frequently report a fear of dental loss. Lateral sliding flaps have been used for localized recession, but they are rarely used for multiple recessions. The aim of this paper was to report a case of coverage of multiple marginal tissue recessions by means of a lateral sliding flap associated with a connective tissue graft. This was a modification of Nelson’s technique, which was originally described as the combination of the double papilla technique, lateral sliding flap, and connective tissue graft. In the present case, double papilla was not performed, rendering the maneuver less complicated. After surgery on teeth #23 to #25, total root coverage, decreased dentin sensitivity, and increased keratinized tissue band and gingival thickness were achieved. In the present case, modified Nelson technique proved to be a more simple procedure for the treatment of multiple recessions in one session, resulting in adequate healing, predictable root coverage, and, more importantly, esthetic and functional success.
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Yadav, Seema, Jaishree A. Rijhwani, and Vineet V. Kini. "Free Gingival Autograft and Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft for the Treatment of Gingival Recession: A Brief Review and Report of Three Cases." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 6, no. 3 (2016): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10031-1176.
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ABSTRACT Gingival recession is the migration of the free gingival margin apical to the cementoenamel junction. There are various factors contributing toward gingival recession apart from periodontal disease that include faulty tooth brushing, tooth position or malaligned teeth, high muscle or frenal attachment, alveolar bone dehiscence, orthodontic forces, and iatrogenic factors leading to problems of esthetics, hypersensitivity, and root caries. Several periodontal plastic surgical techniques have been introduced in the previous literature aiming to correct marginal tissue recessions, the predictability of which depends upon careful evaluation of the defect type, presence of attached gingiva, keratinized tissue width, and presence of single or multiple gingival recessions. The use of free gingival graft (FGG) and subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) in root coverage is indicated for the treatment of single or multiple gingival recessions. Although both FGGs and SCTGs provide significant reduction in recession depth and clinical attachment gain for Miller's Class I and II gingival recession defects, SCTG seems to offer root coverage with a better color match between donor and recipient site tissue rendering better esthetics. Considering the advantages and disadvantages of FGG and SCTG in root coverage procedures, the following case reports describe the clinical results using FGG by Miller's technique, and using SCTGs by technique of Langer and Langer, and Zabalegui tunnel technique for the treatment of gingival recession. How to cite this article Rijhwani JA, Kini VV, Pereira R, Yadav S. Free Gingival Autograft and Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft for the Treatment of Gingival Recession: A Brief Review and Report of Three Cases. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(3):225-232.
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Quispe-López, Norberto, Antonio Castaño-Séiquer, Beatriz Pardal-Peláez, Pablo Garrido-Martínez, Cristina Gómez-Polo, Jesús Mena-Álvarez, and Javier Montero-Martín. "Clinical Outcomes of the Double Lateral Sliding Bridge Flap Technique with Simultaneous Connective Tissue Graft in Sextant V Recessions: Three-Year Follow-Up Study." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031038.
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The presence of isolated or multiple gingival recessions in the mandibular anterior region is a challenge for the clinician, as they may be associated with a shallow vestibule, high frenum insertion and/or little or no attached gingiva. Only limited evidence is available on the use of the double lateral sliding bridge flap technique with connective tissue graft (CTG) technique for treating gingival recessions in the mandibular anterior region. The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate the clinical and esthetic outcomes of the double lateral sliding bridge flap technique with CTG on isolated and multiple gingival recessions at the level of the mandibular incisors. Nine patients required treatment of gingival recessions in the mandibular incisors at the University of Salamanca (Spain) (seven females, two males; mean age: 27.9 ± 6.9) with a total of 14 isolated (42.9%) and multiple (57.1%) Miller class II and III gingival recessions. After a mean follow-up of 36 months, the mean percentage of root coverage was 80.5% for all treated recessions. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05), were observed for reduction in recession depth, increased width of keratinized tissue and increased gingival thickness, this being dependent on the Miller class. The esthetic outcome was acceptable, with a final mean esthetic score of 7.4 out of 10. The double lateral sliding bridge flap surgical technique with CTG is an effective procedure for the coverage of isolated and multiple gingival recessions in the anterior mandibular region, as it offers satisfactory esthetic results.
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Lee, Ki-Ryoung, Chan-Ik Jo, and Hyung-Geun Kim. "The long-term interest rates correlations: a new indicator predicting recession." Journal of Korea Trade 20, no. 3 (September 12, 2016): 259–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-09-2016-014.
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Purpose Existing research has theoretically modeled conditional correlations between the long-term interest rates as a function of macroeconomic variable. In line with it, the purpose of this paper is to explore whether conditional correlations can be a new signal to predict recessions. Furthermore, this paper also tries to investigate among the four factors – the time difference of the beginning and the end of recessions, financial integration (FI), and trade integration (TI) – which factors drive the direction of change in conditional correlations. Finally, this paper is to explain the implication for Korea trade. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a probit regression model for 33 country during the period from 1972 to 2015. To measure the time-varying interest rates conditional correlations, a VAR(1)-DBEKK-GARCH(1,1) model is adopted due to its statistical advantages. Furthermore, the authors also construct the four measures – time difference of the beginning of recessions (BEG), time difference of the end of recessions (END), FI, and TI. The authors first study the predictive power of correlations in both in and out-samples test, and study which factors determine the different behavior of interest rate co-movements using the four measures. Findings The empirical results show that the conditional correlations between the long-term interest rates of the USA and individual countries contain information about recessions a few quarters ahead which term spreads of neither individual countries nor the USA conveyed in. However, there is a heterogeneity of the significance and direction of interest rate correlations. A further research reveals that especially the heterogeneous degree of TI leads to the different overlapped recession period of individual countries with the USA, resulting in heterogeneous behavior of interest rates among countries. Research limitations/implications As a limitation of this paper, the forecasting power of interest rate correlations is not always significant in all countries. Despite this, the study has a profound implication that for those countries where the US accounts for the high proportion of trade, increase in conditional correlations can be a signal for future recessions. Especially, given a considerable portion of trade in GDP and the more sensitive trade activity of Korea to a contagious recession than a domestic recession, the conditional correlation measure is particularly useful for Korean policy makers. Originality/value Although many papers model interest rate co-movement as a function of macroeconomic condition, this paper provides the first evidence to show interest rate co-movement precede the macro shocks empirically. Furthermore, this paper determines the precise channel through which TI affects the time-varying behavior of interest rate co-movements before recessions.
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Nosova, M. A., A. N. Sharov, D. A. Trunin, M. A. Posnikov, I. A. Aptekar, and K. A. Privalova. "The method of the etiological factor′s evaluation of the gingival recession, with count of their′s separately and common complicity in the pathogenesis." Russian Osteopathic Journal, no. 3 (September 14, 2024): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2024-3-78-91.
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Introduction. Gingival recession is a highly relevant and common dental pathology. The prevalence of recession ranges from 45,5 to 99,3 % in people of different ages, with the risk of gingival recession increasing with age. The true etiology of gingival recession, its components and the degree of their influence, jointly or separately; the influence of the environment and lifestyle on the development of pathology are poorly understood. In the literature, for example, there is no classification of etiological factors according to the degree of their influence as triggers of gingival recession. It is of scientific interest to study the causes of gingival recession, their systematisation and assessment of the degree of influence of each factor separately and together.The aim of the study is to develop a classification system of etiological factors taking into account their significance and degree of influence on the formation of gingival recessions.Materials and methods. Analysis of scientific literature, methods of classification and structuring; methods of decomposition, integration and determination of cause-and-effect relationships.Results. A model of classification of factors of the etiology of gingival recessions was proposed, elements of the structure of etiological factors of gingival recessions were determined by the degree of their influence on pathogenesis.Conclusion. Conclusions. The study and understanding of the etiology of gingival recessions allows the clinician to select a personalised treatment taking into account individual characteristics that influence the recession occurrence and its condition: congenital and acquired factors; living conditions, habits, level of hygiene, as well as other components that aggravate or compensate for the degree and level of complexity of any recession - single, multiple or generalised. It is advisable to continue the study of literature data to expand the classification and detail the structure of etiological factors.
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Ohanian, Lee E. "The Economic Crisis from a Neoclassical Perspective." Journal of Economic Perspectives 24, no. 4 (November 1, 2010): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.24.4.45.
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This paper assesses the 2007–2009 recession using neoclassical business cycle theory. I find that the 2007–2009 U.S. recession differs substantially from other postwar U.S. recessions, and also from the 2008 recession in other countries, in that lower labor input accounts for virtually all of the decline in income and output in the United States, while lower productivity accounts for much of other U.S. recessions and the 2007–2009 recession in other countries. I also find that existing classes of models, including financial market imperfections models, do not explain the U.S. recession. This is because the 2007–2009 recession is almost exclusively related to what appear to be labor market distortions that drive a wedge between the marginal product of labor and the marginal rate of substitution between consumption and leisure, a topic about which current classes of financial imperfection models are largely silent. I discuss future avenues for developing this class of models, and I consider alternative hypotheses for the recession, including the view of John Taylor and others that economic policies intended to help manage the crisis, actually deepened the recession by increasing uncertainty and distorting incentives.
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Barsky, Robert, Alejandro Justiniano, and Leonardo Melosi. "The Natural Rate of Interest and Its Usefulness for Monetary Policy." American Economic Review 104, no. 5 (May 1, 2014): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.104.5.37.
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We estimate a state-of-the-art DSGE model to study the natural rate of interest in the United States over the last 20 years. The natural rate is highly procyclical, and fell substantially below zero in each of the last three recessions. Although the drop was of comparable magnitude across the three recessions, the decline was considerably more persistent in the Great Recession. We discuss the usefulness and limitations, particularly due to the zero lower bound, of the natural rate for the conduct of monetary policy.
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Nashikkar, Siddharth, Aryaa Hanamar, Nuren Pathan, and Heena Mulla. "Recession Prediction using SVM and Linear Regression." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 9 (September 30, 2023): 1693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.55902.
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Abstract: In this study, we present a groundbreaking approach utilizing machine learning to predict economic recessions. By analyzing key indicators like real gross domestic product, income, employment, manu- facturing, and retail sales, we can forecast the likelihood of a recession occurring in a specific year using Python 3 and employing Linear Regression and Support Vector Regression algorithms. This user-friendly application not only provides advanced warning of recessions but also assists policymakers and businesses in making timely and informed decisions for economic stability and resilience
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ARONI, Mauricio Andrés Tinajero, Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de OLIVEIRA, George CHANGOLUISA, and Fausto Mauricio Tinajero CAMACHO. "Coverage of Miller class I and II gingival recessions treated with subepithelial connective tissue graft, acellular dermal matrix, and enamel matrix proteins. Pilot study." Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 45, no. 2 (April 5, 2016): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.19515.
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Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to compare clinical findings obtained in the treatment of gingival recessions using subepithelial connective tissue graft (SECT), acellular dermal matrix (ADM), and enamel matrix proteins (EMP). Material and method Twelve patients with Miller class I and II recession in the canines or upper premolars were randomly divided into groups to receive treatments using SECT, ADM, or EMP. Clinical measurements were performed before and three months after surgical procedures. The data evaluated were as follows: percentage of root coverage, height and width of gingival recession, probe depth, clinical attachment level, and height and thickness of keratinized gingiva. The Kruskal-Wallis test complemented by Dunn’s test was used to perform the between-group, analysis and the Wilcoxon test was used to perform the within-groups analysis. The tests were applied at the 95% confidence level. Result The SECT and ADM groups had a higher percentage of root coverage and greater reduction in the height and width of gingival recessions compared to the EMP group (p<0.05). Conclusion The SECT and ADM are more effective in treating gingival recessions than EMP.
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Silva, Edson Oliveira, Leticia Nadal, Simone Karine Rothen, Carlos Augusto Nassar, and Patricia Oehlmeyer Nassar. "Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin (A-PRF) Associated with the Tunneling Technique in the Treatment of Cairo Type 1 Gingival Recessions: Randomized and Blinded Clinical Study." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 35, no. 22 (October 30, 2023): 301–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2023/v35i225269.
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The use of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A- PRF) has presented good results in periodontal plastic surgery for treatment of gingival recessions. The present study aims at assessing the effectiveness of the use of A-PRF in root coverage and periodontal clinical parameters of patients with Cairo Type 1 gingival recession. Forty four (44) bilateral Cairo Type 1 gingival recessions were selected. The recessions were split in two groups according to the surgical procedure made (n=44): SCTG: Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft and A-PRF, using tunnel surgical technique in both sides. The patients were monitored on 0, 90, and 180 days for assessment of the recession height and width; probing depth and bleeding on probing; clinical attachment level; keratinized tissue band width; thickness of keratinized gingival tissue and sensitivity level. The data obtained were initially analyzed and assessed with SHAPIRO-WILK test for normality and later ANOVA and TUKEY tests were used for normal data, or KRUSKALL-WALLIS and DUNN test for non-normal data. For analysis of sensitivity parameter, the test chosen was KRUSKALL-WALLIS and DUNN, with 5% significance level. In the analysis across groups the Student’s t-test was conducted. Both groups presented improvement in periodontal parameters, however without significant statistical difference between them, which suggests that A-PRF can be an alternative to SCTG in root coverage surgeries of Cairo type 1 recession.
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Cunha, Fabiano, Giovanna Lima Costa Barcellos, Carlos Ruben Caramello, Juan José Verges, and Maria Aparecida Gonçalves de Melo Cunha. "Gingival recession: how to choose the best surgical technique?" MOJ Biology and Medicine 9, no. 1 (February 22, 2024): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/mojbm.2024.09.00210.
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Objective: to present the main decision -making criteria when choosing a surgery technique for the most variety forms of gingival recession. Data sources: A bibliographic review was carried out with a search in the database: VHL Odontologia, Scielo and Pubmed on the subject. Data synthesis: the fundamental criteria for determining the best surgery Technique I'm be used in the treatment of gingival recessions are: the classification of recessions , the location of the recession ( maxilla or mandible ), the fact that it is single or multiple , the presence or absence of keratinized apical or lateral gingiva _ the recession, the thickness characteristic of the periodontal (periodontal biotype) and the skill of the operator. Conclusions: the choice of surgery technique, with the objective of root coverage, must follow a careful assessment of clinical findings, diagnosis and operator skill. This increases the predictability of success of the surgery therapy I'm be used.
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Weinberg, Evgeny, Roni Kolerman, Lazar Kats, Omer Cohen, Daya Masri, Alon Sebaoun, and Gil Slutzkey. "Coronally Advanced Flap with Connective Tissue Graft for Treating Orthodontic-Associated Miller Class III Gingival Recession of the Lower Incisors: A One-Year Retrospective Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010235.
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(1) Background: To assess the clinical outcome of coronally advanced flap combined with connective tissue graft for the treatment of orthodontic-associated Miller Class III gingival recession of the lower incisors. (2) Methods: This study included 15 patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment prior to development of recession. Measurements of recession depth, recession width, probing depth, and width of keratinized tissue were performed clinically immediately before surgery and after one year. In addition, digital measurements of recession depth, recession width, and root coverage esthetic score were performed on intraoral photographs. (3) Results: Significant reduction was observed for probing depth, recession depth, and recession width at one year, with significant increase in width of keratinized tissue. Mean root coverage was 83 ± 24% for recession depth, while complete root coverage was achieved in 10 out of 21 recessions (48%). The average root coverage esthetic score at 12 months was 7.1 ± 2.6. An interaction was found between initial recession depth and mean root coverage. (4) Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, our results confirm that combination of coronally advanced flap and connective tissue graft is effective in reducing post-orthodontic Miller Class III recessions of the mandibular incisors, even when the correction of the tooth malposition, is unattainable.
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Gorodnichenko, Yuriy, Enrique G. Mendoza, and Linda L. Tesar. "The Finnish Great Depression: From Russia with Love." American Economic Review 102, no. 4 (June 1, 2012): 1619–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.4.1619.
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Why did Finland experience, in 1991–1993, the deepest recession observed in an industrialized country since the 1930s? Using a dynamic general equilibrium model with labor frictions, we argue that the collapse of the Soviet-Finnish trade was a major contributor to the contraction. Finland's experience mirrors that of the transition economies of Eastern Europe, which suffered similar deep recessions coupled with institutional changes. By focusing on the Finnish case, we isolate the effects of the Finnish-Soviet trade collapse and shed new light on the sources of recessions in transition economies.
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Barcelos, Giovanna Lima Costa, Alice Cecília Carvalho Santos, Maria Aparecida Gonçalves de Melo Cunha, Rafael Paschoal Esteves Lima, and Fabiano Araújo Cunha. "Prevalence of periodontal recession in dental students at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A cross-sectional research study." Brazilian Journal of Periodontology 31, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 42–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14436/0103-9393.31.2.042-057.oar.
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INTRODUCTION: Periodontal recessions are characterized by the migration of the gingival margin to a more apical position concerning the cementoenamel junction. The prevalence of this mucogingival condition varies according to the study and the population evaluated, but a high prevalence is reported in individuals with excellent oral hygiene. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent and severity of periodontal recession and its prevalence on students at a dental school (UFMG). Moreover, to identify associated factors and the presence of dentin hypersensitive and aesthetic complains. METHODS: An evaluation was carried out on a convenience sampling of 67 students, mostly female, with a mean age of 23.7 (SD = 1.93). Periodontal recessions were measured considering the buccal and lingual/palatal surfaces of all teeth present. Different clinical parameters of individuals and associated factors were evaluated. For data analysis, absolute distributions and percentages were obtained, and the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis association tests were used. RESULTS: The prevalence of periodontal recession was 91% in the studied population, and the most affected group of teeth were the canines. A total of 3,752 surfaces were evaluated, and the presence of recession was observed in 274 (7.30%). None of the parameters evaluated showed a statistically significant association (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the prevalence of periodontal recession was high, and the evident frequency of recessions in young patients reinforces the need for early diagnosis, not only to improve treatment techniques, but also for prevention, by means of the association with the related etiological factors.
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Mironov, V., and V. Kanofyev. "Impending Recession and How to Fight It: Empirical analysis of russian reality and Global Experience." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 1 (January 20, 2014): 78–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2014-1-78-107.
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The paper considers the problem of autonomous recessions in the Russian economy, which are explained as a drop of the output caused by endogenous shocks of the supply and/or demand. In order to determine possible factors of the autonomous recession we consider the stylized facts and other characteristics of such recessions in OECD economies in 2000—2012. Using these findings we study the current state of the Russian economy in terms of factors of a possible recession. We also examine the countercyclical policy of the government. The latter is done using different approaches of calculation of the output gap, including the determination of the levels of factor utilization that don’t accelerate the inflation rate. These results are used to make a conclusion about the optimal design of the countercyclical policy that reflects the characteristics of the recession and the output gap as well as the key features of Russia as a resource-based economy.
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Engemann, Kristie M., Kevin L. Kliesen, and Michael T. Owyang. "DO OIL SHOCKS DRIVE BUSINESS CYCLES? SOME U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL EVIDENCE." Macroeconomic Dynamics 15, S3 (November 2011): 498–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100511000216.
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Oil prices rose sharply prior to the onset of the 2007–2009 recession. Hamilton [in the Palgrave Dictionary of Macroeconomics (2008)] noted that nine of the last ten recessions in the United States were preceded by a substantial increases in the price of oil. In this paper, we consider whether oil price shocks significantly increase the probability of recessions in a number of countries. Because business cycle turning points generally are not available for other countries, we estimate the turning points together with oil's effect in a Markov-switching model with time-varying transition probabilities. We find that, for most countries, oil shocks do affect the likelihood of entering a recession. In particular, for a constant, zero-term spread, an average-sized shock to WTI oil prices increases the probability of recession in the United States by nearly 50 percentage points after one year and nearly 90 percentage points after two years.
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Buti, Marco, Daniele Franco, and Hedwig Ongena. "Budgetary Policies during Recessions Retrospective Application of the “Stability and Growth Pact” to the Post-War Period." Recherches économiques de Louvain 63, no. 4 (1997): 321–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s077045180001085x.
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SummarySolid budgetary discipline is an essential condition for the success of Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). The “Excessive Deficit Procedure” and the “Stability and Growth Pact” allow some flexibility for the conduct of budgetary policies during severe economic slowdowns. The paper examines whether European Union Member States will have to change their budgetary policies carried out during and after severe recessions, once these procedures become fully operational in the third stage of EMU. The results of this analysis suggest that, when starting from a budgetary position of close-to balance or in surplus, the risk of breaching the 3% reference value is relatively low during one-year recessions but increases in case of deep or protracted recessions. The early years of EMU, when some countries might still have a deficit of about 2% of GDP, are likely to prove highly problematic in the event of a severe recession.