Academic literature on the topic 'Réchauffement de la Terre – Arctique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Réchauffement de la Terre – Arctique"
Gosse, John C., Ashley P. Ballantyne, Joel D. Barker, Adam Z. Csank, Tamara L. Fletcher, George W. Grant, David R. Greenwood, Ross D. E. MacPhee, and Natalia Rybczynski. "PoLAR-FIT: Pliocene Landscapes and Arctic Remains—Frozen in Time." Geoscience Canada 44, no. 1 (April 20, 2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2017.44.116.
Full textHinderer, Jacques, Martine Amalvict, and Bernard Luck. "Premières mesures françaises de gravimétrie absolue dans les régions polaires Antarctique (terre Adélie) et Arctique (Spitzberg)." Comptes Rendus Geoscience 334, no. 11 (January 2002): 819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1631-0713(02)01817-5.
Full textMoore, Jean-David, Rock Ouimet, and Patrick Bolhen. "Effet du chaulage sur la survie et la reproduction de 3 espèces de vers de terre exotiques potentiellement envahissantes dans les érablières du Québec." Le Naturaliste canadien 139, no. 2 (May 25, 2015): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1030817ar.
Full textDorais, Louis-Jacques. "Être Inuk au Québec, être Corse en France. Identités autochtones en contexte francophone." Globe 8, no. 1 (February 22, 2011): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1000894ar.
Full textMsadek, Rym, Gilles Garric, Sara Fleury, Florent Garnier, Lauriane Batté, and Mitchell Bushuk. "Prévoir les variations saisonnières de la glace de mer arctique et leurs impacts sur le climat." La Météorologie, no. 111 (2020): 024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0089.
Full textFitzhugh, William W. "Les projets archéologiques Tuvaaluk et Torngat: description et bilan." Études/Inuit/Studies 39, no. 2 (December 2, 2016): 61–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1038143ar.
Full textBrouillet, Luc, Stuart Hay, Pierrette Turcotte, and André Bouchard. "La flore vasculaire alpine du plateau Big Level, au parc national du Gros-Morne, Terre-Neuve." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 52, no. 2 (October 2, 2002): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004774ar.
Full textChamberlain, Erika. "THE CROWN’S FIDUCIARY DUTIES TO ABORIGINAL PEOPLES AS AN ASPECT OF CLIMATE JUSTICE." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 30, no. 2 (October 1, 2012): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v30i2.4378.
Full textHéquette, Arnaud, and Marie-Hélène Ruz. "Sédimentation littorale en bordure de plaines d’épandage fluvioglaciaire au Spitsberg nord-occidental." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 44, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032800ar.
Full textOloghobo, A. D. "Sustainable livestock production and the vagaries of climate change." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 4 (March 8, 2021): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i4.3015.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Réchauffement de la Terre – Arctique"
Buteau, Sylvie. "Étude de l'affaiblissement du comportement mécanique du pergélisol dû au réchauffement climatique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35031.
Full textMarelle, Louis. "Modélisation régionale des polluants à courte durée de vie (aérosols, ozone) en Arctique." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066190/document.
Full textThe Arctic is increasingly open to human activity due to rapid warming, associated with decreased sea ice extent. This warming is due, in part, to the effect of short-lived atmospheric pollutants (aerosols, ozone). As a result, Arctic pollutant emissions should increase in the future, and their impacts might become significant compared to the now predominant source due to pollution transport from the mid-latitudes. In this thesis, regional simulations of the Arctic troposphere are performed with the WRF-Chem model, combined with new emission estimates for oil and gas extraction and shipping in the Arctic. The model is used to analyze two case studies from recent airborne measurement datasets: POLARCAT-France in 2008, ACCESS in 2012. First, I investigate an aerosol transport event from Europe to the Arctic in spring 2008, in order to improve our understanding of this major source of Arctic pollution. Second, I determine the air quality and radiative impacts of shipping emissions in Northern Norway in summer 2012, where most current Arctic shipping occurs. I use these results to validate modeled pollution, and to improve WRF-Chem for Arctic studies. The updated model is used to investigate the current (2012) and future (2050) impacts of Arctic shipping and Arctic gas flaring in terms of air quality and radiative effects. Results show that Arctic flaring emissions are and should remain a strong source of local black carbon aerosols, causing warming, and that Arctic shipping is already a strong source of aerosols and ozone during summer. In 2050, diversion shipping through the Arctic Ocean could become a major source of local surface aerosol and ozone pollution
Fouché, Julien. "Effets du réchauffement climatique sur le fonctionnement biogéochimique de deux cryosols arctiques dans la région de Salluit, Nunavik, Canada." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25418.
Full textL’augmentation de la décomposition de la matière organique des cryosols arctiques sous l’effet du réchauffement et de la dégradation du pergélisol contribuerait à une rétroaction positive sur les changements climatiques. Nous étudions les interactions entre le régime thermique, le comportement hydrique et le fonctionnement biogéochimique de deux cryosols, l’un développé dans une tourbière (cryosol histique : H) et l’autre dans des argiles marines postglaciaires (cryosol turbique : T), en conditions naturelles et réchauffées expérimentalement. Les profils ont été instrumentés à Salluit (Nunavik, Canada ; 62°14’N, 75°38’W) et les mesures ont été faites pendant les étés 2010 et 2011. Du fait des propriétés isolantes de la tourbe, la couche active du site H est moins épaisse que celle du site T. Le réchauffement augmente la respiration de l’écosystème (ER) de manière plus intense pour H que pour T, bien que ER pour H soit plus faible. La sensibilité thermique de ER (Q10) est supérieure pour T que pour H et diminue avec le réchauffement pour les deux sols. L’étude montre que les cycles journaliers de ER forment des hystérésis en fonction de la température de surface du sol. L’explication de la variance de ER est améliorée lorsqu’on prend en compte la température minimale de la journée et la profondeur du front de dégel pour H. Pour T, l’ajout de la vitesse du vent et la radiation solaire améliore l’explication de la variance de ER. Nous montrons trois dynamiques spécifiques aux écosystèmes nordiques : 1) ER est dépendante des propriétés du sol et de la composition de la solution du sol ; 2) des variables thermo-indépendantes affectent significativement ER et 3) Q10 évolue au cours de la journée, la respiration basale varie d’une année sur l’autre. La décomposition de la matière organique serait la principale source de CO2 pour H alors que les processus végétaux contrôleraient ER pour T. L’approfondissement du front de dégel contrôle les concentrations des solutés dans la solution des deux cryosols. Nos résultats contribuent à la compréhension et à l’extrapolation des mesures ponctuelles dans les écosystèmes de toundra, pouvant amener à l’amélioration de la modélisation du cycle du carbone dans les cryosols. Mots clés : cryosol histique et turbique, modélisation thermique, teneur en eau volumique, toundra, réchauffement expérimental, respiration de l’écosystème, solution du sol, pergélisol arctique, décomposition de la matière organique, respiration dérivée de la végétation.
Increased organic mater decomposition rate in Arctic Cryosols due to warming and to permafrost thawing can lead to the release of greenhouse gases, thus potentially creating a positive feedback on climate change. We aim to assess the interactions between the thermal regime, the hydric behaviour and the biogeochemical functioning of two different permafrostaffected soils (i.e. Cryosols), one being developed in frozen peat (Histic Cryosol: H), the other being developed in postglacial marine clays (Turbic Cryosol: T), both in natural conditions and under an experimental warming. Profiles were instrumented in Salluit (Nunavik, Canada; 62°14’N, 75°38’W) and monitored during summers 2010 and 2011. Both thermal monitoring and modeling results stressed differences between sites due to the insulating properties of dried peat in summer the active layer at the H site is thinner than at the T site. The induced warming increased CO2 fluxes in both soils; this impact was however more striking at H even if ecosystem respiration (ER) was lower than at T. Temperature sensitivity of ER (Q10), which decreased with warming, was higher at T than at H. We highlighted that diurnal ER cycles showed hysteretic loops as a function of soil surface temperatures. Linear models performed to explain ER variance were improved when we added daily minimum temperature and thaw front depth at H. In contrast at T, adding wind speed and solar radiation in models improved the ER variance explanation. We showed three specific CO2 flux dynamics related to northern ecosystems: 1) the large difference of ER depending on soil properties and soil solution composition; 2) environmental variables strongly alter CO2 fluxes and 3) the diurnal Q10 variations and the inter annual variability of basal respiration. Our results support the assumption that organic matter decomposition might be the major source of CO2 at H while plant-derived processes dominated ER at T. Finally, the thaw front depth controlled solute concentrations in the soil solution at H and T. Our results contribute to understand and extrapolate the numerous punctual measurements of CO2 fluxes from tundra ecosystems, improving carbon cycle modeling in Cryosols. Keywords: Histic and Turbic Cryosol, Thermal modeling, Volumetric water content, Tundra, Experimental warming, Ecosystem respiration, Soil solution, Arctic permafrost, Organic matter decomposition, Plant-derived respiration.
Fouché, Julien. "Effet du réchauffement climatique sur le fonctionnement biogéochimique de deux cryosols arctiques dans la région de Salluit, Nunavik, Canada." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4306.
Full textIncreased organic mater decomposition rate in Arctic Cryosols due to warming and to permafrost thawing can lead to the release of greenhouse gases, thus potentially creating a positive feedback on climate change. We studied the biogeochemical functioning of two different permafrost-affected soils (i.e. Cryosols): a Histic Cryosol (H) and a Turbic Cryosol (T), both in natural conditions and under an experimental warming. Profiles were instrumented in Salluit (Nunavik, Canada) and monitored during summers 2010 and 2011. The induced warming increased CO2 fluxes in both soils; this impact was however more striking at H even if ER was lower than at T. Temperature sensitivity of ER (Q10) was higher at T than at H and decreased both with warming. We highlighted that diurnal ER cycles as a function of temperature showed hysteretic loops. Linear models performed to explain ER variance were improved adding daily minimum temperature and thaw front depth at H. In contrast at T, adding wind speed and solar radiation in models improved the ER variance explanation. We showed three specific CO2 flux dynamics related to northern ecosystems: 1) the large difference of ER depending on soil properties and soil solution composition; 2) environmental variables strongly alter CO2 fluxes and 3) the diurnal Q10 variations and the inter annual variability of basal respiration. Our results support the assumption that organic matter decomposition might be the major source of CO2 at H while plant-derived processes dominated ER at T. Our results contribute to understand and extrapolate the numerous punctual measurements of CO2 fluxes from tundra ecosystems improving carbon cycle modeling in Cryosols
Aubail, Aurore. "Étude des variations spatiales et temporelles du mercure en Arctique : utilisation des dents et des poils des prédateurs supérieurs comme tissus de biomonitoring." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583122.
Full textRojo, Maxence. "Impacts des événements météorologiques extrêmes et du changement climatique sur les régions arctiques et subarctiques : Perspectives croisées en climatologie et en sciences humaines et sociales." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV075.
Full textThe perception of the climate is culturally and socially constructed. For this reason, we have studied some weather events integrating the cultural, political and historical contexts in which they occur.In a first part, we analyzed the impact of Polar Lows, intense mesocyclones that develop over ice-free Arctic seas during winter time, on coastal regions of Norway. The passage of PL can provoke dangerous sea conditions with strong waves, sudden snowfall and blizzard. This phenomenon may represent a risk to maritime and coastal activities in the region, particularly for shipping, fishing and oil and gas offshore platforms.In a second part we studied the impacts of climate change and severe weather events in the Republic of Tuva. Tuva is a very southern subarctic region. Its climate is extremely continental and precipitation tend to be low due to the low moisture content in the cold air. During the twentieth century, the region has experienced major socio-economic changes, sometimes brutal, including the transition from a communist and planned economy to a market economy in the early 1990. Despite these recent changes, pastoralists in western Tuva (horses, cows, yaks, sheep, camels) and reindeer herders in eastern Tuva, still live in close contact with the natural environment. Indigenous peoples of Tuva are facing global changes caused by certain contemporary regional and national policies, including the expansion of the mining industry and the development of mega projects. They offer different points of view, describing environmental changes and their impact on their daily activities
Morin, Xavier. "Biogéographie des espèces d'arbres européens et nord-américains : déterminisme et évolution sous l'effet du changement climatique." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20056.
Full textKernevez, Lydia. "Coopération environnementale et réchauffement global." Aix-Marseille 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2001AIX24012.pdf.
Full textHurault, Benoît. "Comportement d'un pergélisol expérimental soumis à un réchauffement." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN2073.
Full textThe goal of this work was providing experimental data to better constrain the impact of global warming on permafrost. Methodology was based on physical modeling in a cold room. This allows identifying and defining the evolution processes of the experimental permafrost. Experimental permafrost was built-up based on available field data. The lithology of the material used was a mixture of fine sand and loam from the plain of Caen. Ice content is between 30 and 80 %. Models are not scaled and dimensional problems are not considered. Indeed, these experiments are a preliminary work. This study on the behaviour of an experimental warming permafrost allows a better understanding of (i) the changes in topography (thaw-settlement), (ii) the changes in the active layer, (iii) the thermal evolution of an experimental permafrost (freezing and thawing fronts monitoring) and (iv) the influence of different parameters (temperature, lithology, water-content, ice-content and ice-layer). This work has contributed to the development of new experimental techniques and it will enhance physical modeling databases on permafrost
Séjourné, Antoine. "Formation et évolution des structures périglaciaires en contexte de réchauffement climatique : comparaison Terre-Mars." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713531.
Full textBooks on the topic "Réchauffement de la Terre – Arctique"
Villeneuve, Claude. Vers un réchauffement global?: L'effet de serre expliqué. Montréal, Que: Éditions Multimondes, 1990.
Find full textCurren, Thomas. Les forêts et le réchauffement de la planète. Ottawa, Ont: Bibliothèque du Parlement, Service de recherche, 1991.
Find full textCanada. Service de l'environnement atmosphérique. Modélisation du système climatique de la terre. Ottawa, Ont: Environnement Canada, 1994.
Find full textMaslin, Mark. État d'urgence, le ciel en colère: Pourquoi le temps se dérègle-t-il et pourquoi cela risque-t-il d'empirer ? Paris: Solar, 2003.
Find full textLa comédie du climat: Comment se fâcher en famille sur le réchauffement climatique. Paris: JC Lattès, 2015.
Find full textSciama, Yves. Le changement climatique: Une nouvelle ère sur la terre. Paris: Larousse, 2005.
Find full textCohen, Stewart Jay. Étude d'impact sur le bassin du Mackenzie: Résumé des résultats. Ottawa, Ont: Environnement Canada, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Réchauffement de la Terre – Arctique"
"5 Le réchauffement." In Le climat : la Terre et les Hommes, 107–22. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1759-7-008.
Full text"5 Le réchauffement." In Le climat : la Terre et les Hommes, 107–22. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1759-7.c008.
Full text"Arctique. Quand le climat ouvre de nouvelles routes." In Regards sur la Terre 2009, 260–61. Presses de Sciences Po, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/scpo.jacqu.2009.01.0260.
Full text"16. Réchauffement climatique : des évolutions variables." In Regards sur la Terre 2007. L’annuel du développement durable, 280–81. Presses de Sciences Po, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/scpo.jacqu.2006.01.0280.
Full textDésaunay, Cécile. "1. En 2050, le réchauffement climatique atteint 3 °C et modifie l’habitabilité de la Terre." In Rapport Vigie 2020, 23–36. Futuribles, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/futu.desau.2020.01.0023.
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