Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Recherche des séries chronologique'
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Vuillemin, Benoit. "Recherche de règles de prédiction dans un contexte d'Intelligence Ambiante." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE1120.
Full textThis thesis deals with the subject of Ambient Intelligence, the fusion between Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things. The goal of this work is to extract prediction rules from the data provided by connected objects in an environment, in order to propose automation to users. Our main concern relies on privacy, user interactions, and the explainability of the system’s operation. In this context, several contributions were made. The first is an ambient intelligence architecture that operates locally, and processes data from a single connected environment. The second is a discretization process without a priori on the input data, allowing to take into account different kinds of data from various objects. The third is a new algorithm for searching rules over a time series, which avoids the limitations of stateoftheart algorithms. The approach was validated by tests on two real databases. Finally, prospects for future developments in the system are presented
Jiao, Yang. "Applications of artificial intelligence in e-commerce and finance." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0002.
Full textArtificial Intelligence has penetrated into every aspect of our lives in this era of Big Data. It has brought revolutionary changes upon various sectors including e-commerce and finance. In this thesis, we present four applications of AI which improve existing goods and services, enables automation and greatly increase the efficiency of many tasks in both domains. Firstly, we improve the product search service offered by most e-commerce sites by using a novel term weighting scheme to better assess term importance within a search query. Then we build a predictive model on daily sales using a time series forecasting approach and leverage the predicted results to rank product search results in order to maximize the revenue of a company. Next, we present the product categorization challenge we hold online and analyze the winning solutions, consisting of the state-of-the-art classification algorithms, on our real dataset. Finally, we combine skills acquired previously from time series based sales prediction and classification to predict one of the most difficult but also the most attractive time series: stock. We perform an extensive study on every single stocks of S&P 500 index using four state-of-the-art classification algorithms and report very promising results
Çinar, Yagmur Gizem. "Prédiction de séquences basée sur des réseaux de neurones récurrents dans le contexte des séries temporelles et des sessions de recherche d'information." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAM079.
Full textThis thesis investigates challenges of sequence prediction in different scenarios such as sequence prediction using recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in the context of time series and information retrieval (IR) search sessions. Predicting the unknown values that follow some previously observed values is basically called sequence prediction.It is widely applicable to many domains where a sequential behavior is observed in the data. In this study, we focus on two different types of sequence prediction tasks: time series forecasting and next query prediction in an information retrieval search session.Time series often display pseudo-periods, i.e. time intervals with strong correlation between values of time series. Seasonal changes in weather time series or electricity usage at day and night time are some examples of pseudo-periods. In a forecasting scenario, pseudo-periods correspond to the difference between the positions of the output being predicted and specific inputs.In order to capture periods in RNNs, one needs a memory of the input sequence. Sequence-to-sequence RNNs (with attention mechanism) reuse specific (representations of) input values to predict output values. Sequence-to-sequence RNNs with an attention mechanism seem to be adequate for capturing periods. In this manner, we first explore the capability of an attention mechanism in that context. However, according to our initial analysis, a standard attention mechanism did not perform well to capture the periods. Therefore, we propose a period-aware content-based attention RNN model. This model is an extension of state-of-the-art sequence-to-sequence RNNs with attention mechanism and it is aimed to capture the periods in time series with or without missing values.Our experimental results with period-aware content-based attention RNNs show significant improvement on univariate and multivariate time series forecasting performance on several publicly available data sets.Another challenge in sequence prediction is the next query prediction. The next query prediction helps users to disambiguate their search query, to explore different aspects of the information they need or to form a precise and succint query that leads to higher retrieval performance. A search session is dynamic, and the information need of a user might change over a search session as a result of the search interactions. Furthermore, interactions of a user with a search engine influence the user's query reformulations. Considering this influence on the query formulations, we first analyze where the next query words come from? Using the analysis of the sources of query words, we propose two next query prediction approaches: a set view and a sequence view.The set view adapts a bag-of-words approach using a novel feature set defined based on the sources of next query words analysis. Here, the next query is predicted using learning to rank. The sequence view extends a hierarchical RNN model by considering the sources of next query words in the prediction. The sources of next query words are incorporated by using an attention mechanism on the interaction words. We have observed using sequence approach, a natural formulation of the problem, and exploiting all sources of evidence lead to better next query prediction
Linardi, Michele. "Variable-length similarity search for very large data series : subsequence matching, motif and discord detection." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCB056.
Full textData series (ordered sequences of real valued points, a.k.a. time series) has become one of the most important and popular data-type, which is present in almost all scientific fields. For the last two decades, but more evidently in this last period the interest in this data-type is growing at a fast pace. The reason behind this is mainly due to the recent advances in sensing, networking, data processing and storage technologies, which have significantly assisted the process of generating and collecting large amounts of data series. Data series similarity search has emerged as a fundamental operation at the core of several analysis tasks and applications related to data series collections. Many solutions to different data mining problems, such as Clustering, Subsequence Matching, Imputation of Missing Values, Motif Discovery, and Anomaly detection work by means of similarity search. Data series indexes have been proposed for fast similarity search. Nevertheless all existing indexes can only answer queries of a single length (fixed at index construction time), which is a severe limitation. In this regard, all solutions for the aforementioned problems require the prior knowledge of the series length, on which similarity search is performed. Consequently, the user must know the length of the expected results, which is often an unrealistic assumption. This aspect is thus of paramount importance. In several cases, the length is a critical parameter that heavily influences the quality of the final outcome. In this thesis, we propose scalable solutions that enable variable-length analysis of very large data series collections. We propose ULISSE, the first data series index structure designed for answering similarity search queries of variable length. Our contribution is two-fold. First, we introduce a novel representation technique, which effectively and succinctly summarizes multiple sequences of different length. Based on the proposed index, we describe efficient algorithms for approximate and exact similarity search, combining disk based index visits and in-memory sequential scans. Our approach supports non Z-normalized and Z-normalized sequences, and can be used with no changes with both Euclidean Distance and Dynamic Time Warping, for answering both κ-NN and ε-range queries. We experimentally evaluate our approach using several synthetic and real datasets. The results show that ULISSE is several times, and up to orders of magnitude more efficient in terms of both space and time cost, when compared to competing approaches. Subsequently, we introduce a new framework, which provides an exact and scalable motif and discord discovery algorithm that efficiently finds all motifs and discords in a given range of lengths. The experimental evaluation we conducted over several diverse real datasets show that our approaches are up to orders of magnitude faster than the alternatives. We moreover demonstrate that we can remove the unrealistic constraint of performing analytics using a predefined length, leading to more intuitive and actionable results, which would have otherwise been missed
Schroeder, Pascal. "Performance guaranteeing algorithms for solving online decision problems in financial systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0143.
Full textThis thesis contains several online financial decision problems and their solutions. The problems are formulated as online problems (OP) and online algorithms (OA) are created to solve them. Due to the fact that there can be various OA for the same OP, there must be some criteria with which one can make statements about the quality of an OA. In this thesis these criteria are the competitive ratio (c), the competitive difference (cd) and the numerical performance. An OA with a lower c is preferable to another one with a higher value. An OA that has the lowest c is called optimal. We consider the following OPS. The online conversion problem (OCP), the online portfolio selection problem (PSP) and the cash management problem (CMP). After the introductory chapter, the OPs, the notation and the state of the art in the field of OPs is presented. In the third chapter, three variants of the OCP with interrelated prices are solved. In the fourth chapter the time series search with interrelated prices is revisited and new algorithms are created. At the end of the chapter, the optimal OA k-DIV for the general k-max search with interrelated prices is developed. In Chapter 5 the PSP with interrelated prices is solved. The created OA OPIP is optimal. Using the idea of OPIP, an optimal OA for the two-way trading is created (OCIP). Having OCIP, an optimal OA for the bi-directional search knowing the values of θ_1 and θ_2 is created (BUND). For unknown θ_1 and θ_2, the optimal OA RUNis created. The chapter ends with an empirical (for OPIP) and experimental (for OCIP, BUND and RUN) testing. Chapters 6 and 7 deal with the CMP. In both of them, a numerical testing is done in order to compare the numerical performance of the new OAs to the one of the already established ones. In Chapter 6 an optimal OA is constructed; in Chapter 7, OAs are designed which minimize cd. The OA BCSID solves the CMP with interrelated demands to optimality. The OA aBBCSID solves the CMP when the values of de θ_1, θ_2,m and M are known; however, this OA is not optimal. In Chapter 7 the CMP is solved, knowing m and M and minimizing cd (OA MRBD). For the interrelated demands, a heuristic OA (HMRID) and a cd-minimizing OA (MRID) is presented. HMRID is good compromise between the numerical performance and the minimization of cd. The thesis concludes with a short discussion about shortcomings of the considered OPs and the created OAs. Then some remarks about future research possibilities in this field are given
Jiao, Yang. "Applications of artificial intelligence in e-commerce and finance." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0002/document.
Full textArtificial Intelligence has penetrated into every aspect of our lives in this era of Big Data. It has brought revolutionary changes upon various sectors including e-commerce and finance. In this thesis, we present four applications of AI which improve existing goods and services, enables automation and greatly increase the efficiency of many tasks in both domains. Firstly, we improve the product search service offered by most e-commerce sites by using a novel term weighting scheme to better assess term importance within a search query. Then we build a predictive model on daily sales using a time series forecasting approach and leverage the predicted results to rank product search results in order to maximize the revenue of a company. Next, we present the product categorization challenge we hold online and analyze the winning solutions, consisting of the state-of-the-art classification algorithms, on our real dataset. Finally, we combine skills acquired previously from time series based sales prediction and classification to predict one of the most difficult but also the most attractive time series: stock. We perform an extensive study on every single stocks of S&P 500 index using four state-of-the-art classification algorithms and report very promising results
Gagnon, Jean-François. "Prévision humaine de séries temporelles." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25243.
Full textFaure, Cynthia. "Détection de ruptures et identification des causes ou des symptômes dans le fonctionnement des turboréacteurs durant les vols et les essais." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01E059/document.
Full textAnalysing multivariate time series created by sensors during a flight or a bench test represents a new challenge for aircraft engineers. Each time series can be decomposed univariately into a series of stabilised phases, well known by the expert, and transient phases that are merely explored but very informative when the engine is running. Our project aims at converting these time series into a succession of labels, designing transient and stabilised phases in a bivariate context. This transformation of the data will allow several perspectives: tracking similar behaviours or bivariate patterns seen during a flight, finding similar curves from a given curve, identifying the atypical curves, detecting frequent or rare sequences of labels during a flight, discovering hidden multivariate structures, modelling a representative flight, and spotting unusual flights. This manuscript proposes : methodology to automatically identify transient and stabilized phases, cluster all engine transient phases, label multivariate time series and analyse them. All algorithms are applied on real flight measurements with a validation of the results from expert knowledge
Guillemé, Maël. "Extraction de connaissances interprétables dans des séries temporelles." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S102.
Full textEnergiency is a company that sells a platform to allow manufacturers to analyze their energy consumption data represented in the form of time series. This platform integrates machine learning models to meet customer needs. The application of such models to time series encounters two problems: on the one hand, some classical machine learning approaches have been designed for tabular data and must be adapted to time series, on the other hand, the results of some approaches are difficult for end users to understand. In the first part, we adapt a method to search for occurrences of temporal rules on time series from machines and industrial infrastructures. A temporal rule captures successional relationships between behaviors in time series . In industrial series, due to the presence of many external factors, these regular behaviours can be disruptive. Current methods for searching the occurrences of a rule use a distance measure to assess the similarity between sub-series. However, these measurements are not suitable for assessing the similarity of distorted series such as those in industrial settings. The first contribution of this thesis is the proposal of a method for searching for occurrences of temporal rules capable of capturing this variability in industrial time series. For this purpose, the method integrates the use of elastic distance measurements capable of assessing the similarity between slightly deformed time series. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the interpretability of time series classification methods, i.e. the ability of a classifier to return explanations for its results. These explanations must be understandable by a human. Classification is the task of associating a time series with a category. For an end user inclined to make decisions based on a classifier’s results, understanding the rationale behind those results is of great importance. Otherwise, it is like having blind confidence in the classifier. The second contribution of this thesis is an interpretable time series classifier that can directly provide explanations for its results. This classifier uses local information on time series to discriminate against them. The third and last contribution of this thesis, a method to explain a posteriori any result of any classifier. We carried out a user study to evaluate the interpretability of our method
Boughrara, Adel. "Sur la modélisation dynamique retrospective et prospective des séries temporelles : une étude méthodologique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32054.
Full textThe past years have witnessed intensive competition among economic and econometric methodologies attempting to explain macroeconomic behaviour. Alternative schools have made claims with respect both to the purity of their methodology and to their ability to explain the facts. This thesis investigates the epistemological foundations of the major competitors, namely, the new classical school with its links to prospective econometric modelling on the one hand, and the retrospective modelling which is more close to inductive methods, on the other hand. The main conclusion of the thesis is that none of the rival schools has a very tight link with the popperien epistemology of falsificationism
Desrosiers, Maxime. "Le prix du risque idiosyncrasique : une analyse en séries temporelles et coupe transversale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67076.
Full textHoufaidi, Souad. "Robustesse et comportement asymptotique d'estimateurs des paramètres d'une série chronologique : (AR(P) et ARMA(P, Q))." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10065.
Full textLemay, Pierre. "La recherche-action en éducation, analyse chronologique et critique des principaux cas de figure dans le monde anglo-saxon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ33045.pdf.
Full textIraqui, Samir. "Détection statique en temps semi réel de valeurs aberrantes dans une série chronologique de données bactériologiques." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUES042.
Full textTatsa, Sylvestre. "Modélisation et prévision de la consommation horaire d'électricité au Québec : comparaison de méthodes de séries temporelles." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30329/30329.pdf.
Full textThis work explores the dynamics of residential electricity consumption in Quebec using hourly data from January 2006 to December 2010. We estimate three standard autoregressive models in time series analysis: the Holt-Winters exponential smoothing, the seasonal ARIMA model (SARIMA) and the seasonal ARIMA model with exogenous variables (SARIMAX). For the latter model, we focus on the effect of climate variables (temperature, relative humidity and dew point and cloud cover). Climatic factors have a significant impact on the short-term electricity consumption. The intra-sample and out-of-sample predictive performance of each model is evaluated with various adjustment indicators. Three out-of-sample time horizons are tested: 24 hours (one day), 72 hours (three days) and 168 hours (1 week). The SARIMA model provides the best out-of-sample predictive performance of 24 hours. The SARIMAX model reveals the most powerful out-of-sample time horizons of 72 and 168 hours. Additional research is needed to obtain predictive models fully satisfactory from a methodological point of view. Keywords: modeling, electricity, Holt-Winters, SARIMA, SARIMAX.
Soltane, Marius. "Statistique asymptotique de certaines séries chronologiques à mémoire." Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://cyberdoc-int.univ-lemans.fr/Theses/2020/2020LEMA1027.pdf.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to asymptotic inferenre of differents chronological models driven by a noise with memory. In these models, the least squares estimator is not consistent and we consider other estimators. We begin by studying the almost-sureasymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator of the autoregressive coefficient in an autoregressive process drivenby a stationary Gaussian noise. We then present a statistical procedure in order to detect a change of regime within this model,taking inspiration from the classic case driven by a strong white noise. Then we consider an autoregressive model where the coefficients are random and have a short memory. Here again, the least squares estimator is not consistent and we correct the previous statistic in order to correctly estimate the parameters of the model. Finally we study a new joint estimator of the Hurst exponent and the variance in a fractional Gaussian noise observed at high frequency whose qualities are comparable to the maximum likelihood estimator
Côté, Pierre-Olivier, and Pierre-Olivier Côté. "A.M.I.S. : scénario d'une web série, Suivi d'une recherche La violence dans les séries télévisées pour adolescents." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37765.
Full textCe mémoire se divise en deux parties: une création et une réflexion critique. Création: A.M.I.S. : La première partie concerne la création d’une web série pour adolescents, A.M.I.S., qui relate un drame survenu durant une soirée dans un cimetière. Sous les effets de l’alcool, de la drogue et la colère, Michaël bat Amanda violemment en plus de poignarder Jade et Éloi, venus l’aider. Samuel, fils d’un avocat, comprend que la présence d’alcool et de drogue pourrait leur nuire et tente de convaincre ses amis de se liguer contre Michaël pour qu’il soit le seul reconnu coupable. Au poste de police, les adolescents créent un scénario différent des événements sans se douter qu’ils avaient été observés par Elsa, une fille rejetée par le groupe. La mort d’Éloi rend le groupe encore plus uni pour punir Michaël et déjouer les plans d’Elsa. Réflexion critique: La violence dans les séries télévisées pour adolescents. La seconde partie traite de la violence mise en scène dans les séries télévisées dans le but de comprendre son fonctionnement et les raisons qui motivent les scénaristes de l’utiliser dans certaines scènes. D’abord, une définition sommaire met en lumière les notions «d’intention» et de «motifs» pour saisir les nuances du phénomène de la violence. Ensuite, nous appuyant sur les théories de Dominique Sipière, nous tentons de saisir le fonctionnement du personnage du «méchant.» En appliquant ces théories aux notions de violence, il est possible de constater un parallèle qui justifie l’utilisation de la violence dans certaines scènes. Pour finir, un aperçu de certaines thématiques présentes dans les séries montre un univers plus sombre et plus complexe.
Mondal, Tanmoy. "From Time series signal matching to word spotting in multilingual historical document images." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR4045/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with sequence matching techniques, applied to word spotting (locating keywords in document images without interpreting the content). Several sequence matching techniques exist in the literature but very few of them have been evaluated in the context of word spotting. This thesis begins by a comparative study of these methods for word spotting on several datasets of historical images. After analyzing these approaches, we then propose a new algorithm, called as Flexible Sequence Matching (FSM) which combines most of the advantages offered separately by several other previously explored sequence matching algorithms. Thus, FSM is able to skip outliers from target sequence, which can be present at the beginning, at the end or in the middle of the target sequence. Moreover it can perform one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-one correspondences between query and target sequence without considering noisy elements in the target sequence. We then also extend these characteristics to the query sequence by defining a new algorithm (ESC : Examplary Sequence Cardinality). Finally, we propose an alternative word matching technique by using an inexact chain codes (shape code), describing the words
Ouldali, Naïm. "Impact à moyen terme de l'implémentation du vaccin conjugué pneumococcique 13 valences en pédiatrie : analyse de séries chronologiques interrompues." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=4437&f=28972.
Full textBackground. Due to serotype replacement, the long-term impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) implementation remains to be evaluated. We aimed to assess, in children, the impact of PCV13 implementation on: (i) pneumococcal meningitis, (ii) community acquired pneumonia (CAP), and (iii) antibiotic susceptibility of pneumococcal strains in nasopharyngeal carriage. Finally, we conducted a methodological systematic review of the literature on assessing the impact of PCVs implementation. Methods. We used the quasi-experimental interrupted time series (ITS) analysis design with data from three French surveillance systems: (i) the national network of pediatric bacterial meningitis (230 centres), (ii) the CAP pediatric network (8 pediatric emergency departments), and (iii) an ambulatory network of pneumococcal carriage (121 pediatricians). A segmented regression model with autoregressive error was used, taking into account pre-intervention time trend, seasonality and autocorrelation. The methodological systematic review included all studies assessing the impact of PCVs implementation in children and adults, using PubMed, Embase, and references of selected articles. Results. After a 38% (95% CI [20; 56]) decrease of pneumococcal meningitis incidence following PCV13 implementation in 2010 in France, a rebound was observed since January 2015, mainly linked to the emergence of non-PCV13 serotypes. CAP rate also decreased significantly following PCV13 implementation (44% decrease, 95% CI [32; 56]), but since June 2014, only a slight increase was observed since June 2014. Regarding pneumococcal susceptibility in carriage, after a significant reduction of penicillin non-susceptibility following PCV13 implementation, a steady increase is observed since January 2014. Finally, 377 studies were included in the systematic review, from 2001 to 2018. Among them, 296 (78,5%) used the before-after design, and only 69 (18,3%) used the ITS design. Conclusions. After an important impact of PCV13, the consequences of serotype replacement in France may vary between pneumococcal disease. These findings may still evolve in the coming years, underlining the need of continuous active surveillance of these outcomes. Despite Cochrane recommendations, the use of ITS to assess PCVs impact remains largely infrequent worldwide, and needs to be promoted to adequately analyze the complex evolution of this pathogen over time
Pessan, Cedric. "Optimisation de changements de séries par ordonnancement des tâches de réglage." Thesis, Tours, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOUR4026/document.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis aims at proposing new methods for setup optimization in production lines in order to improve production flexibility. This problem is modelized using an unrelated parallel machines problem : the tasks are the setup tasks of each machine of the production line and the ressources are the operators. We take into consideration the production line structure that may contain multiple machines on some stages and the skills of operators. The skill model has been validated using a simulation approach. We have used a Branch-and-Bound to solve the special case of serial production line and hill climbing and genetic algorithm meta heuristics for the general case. In both cases, we propose bounds that are used to evaluate the performances of the different methods. For the serial special case, we also propose a hybrid algorithm that use both a genetic algorithm and a Branch-and-Bound that are colaborating together
Zamrane, Zineb. "Recherche d’indices de variabilité climatique dans des séries hydroclmatiques au Maroc : identification, positionnement temporel, tendances et liens avec les fluctuations climatiques : cas des grands bassins de la Moulouya, du Sebou et du Tensift." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT181/document.
Full textThis work is to characterize the temporal and spatial variability of hydroclimatic time series (rainfall, flow) at three large basins in Morocco; (basins of the Sebou and Moulouya Tensift) and look links between the hydrologic variability and climate fluctuation materialized by various climate indices, NAO, SOI, WMOI. The approach to study is based on statistical analysis of time series, related to time and space dimensions.The great watershed of continental scale as Tensift, Sebou and Moulouya in Mediterranean climate under oceanic influence, integrate over large areas the hydrological response to climate and environmental changes (climate fluctuations, precipitation, flows) not only to large spatial and temporal scales, but also to changes in the physical environment anthropogenic (land use changes, developments ...), which sometimes makes difficult to identify the links between hydrological variability and climate variability. The main objective of this work is to determine and quantify the relationships between hydrological variability and climate fluctuations (regionalised precipitation, climate change indexes) across each studied basin and its main sub-basins, via using spectral analysis methods adapted to the study of non-stationary processes (continuous wavelet analysis, coherence analysis wavelet). Many modes of variability are identified from the station analysis (rainfall and flow rates), the annual cycle to 16-22 years, this analysis will be complemented by a grid analysis, the data come from a (SIEREM) file covering the period from 1940 to 1999, which will allow a better understanding of the spatial variability of signals set highlighted. Which is identified frequencies the 1 year 8-16 years, distinguished different time periods at each basin, three main discontinuities identified in 1970, 1980 and 2000. The contribution of climatic indices is important enough it is between 55% and 80%
Peng, Botao. "Parrallel data series indexing and similarity search on modern hardware." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP5193.
Full textData series similarity search is a core operation for several data series analysis applications across many different domains. However, the state-of-the-art techniques fail to deliver the time performance required for interactive exploration, or analysis of large data series collections. In this Ph.D. work, we present the first data series indexing solutions that are designed to inherently take advantage of modern hardware, in order to accelerate similarity search processing times for both on-disk and in-memory data. In particular, we develop novel algorithms for multi-core, multi-socket, and Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) architectures, as well as algorithms for Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Our experiments on a variety of synthetic and real data demonstrate that our approaches are up to orders of magnitude faster than the state-of-the-art solutions for both disk-resident and in-memory data. More specifically, our on-disk solution can answer exact similarity search queries on 100GB datasets in ∼ 15 seconds, and our in-memory solution in as low as 36 milliseconds, which enables for the first time real-time, interactive data exploration on very large data series collections
Giraud, Fabienne. "Recherche des périodicités astronomiques et des fluctuations du niveau marin à partir de l'étude du signal carbonaté des séries pélagiques alternantes : application au Crétacé inférieur du Sud-Est de la France (Bassin vocontien), de l'Atlantique central ( site 534 DSDP) et du golfe du Mexique ( site 535 DSDP)." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00818238.
Full textDelbot, François. "Au delà de l'évaluation en pire cas : comparaison et évaluation en moyenne de processus d'optimisation pour le problème du vertex cover et des arbres de connexion de groupes dynamiques." Phd thesis, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00927315.
Full textTan, Kian Lam. "Accès à de l'information de type patrimoine culturel." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM018/document.
Full textWith the explosive growth of digitization in cultural heritage, many cultural heritage institu- tions have been converting physical objects of cultural heritage into digital representation or descriptive representation. However, the conversion resulted in several issues such as: 1) the documents are descriptive in nature, 2) ambiguity and brevity of the documents, 3) dedicated vocabulary is used in the documents, and 4) there is also variation in the terms used in the doc- ument. Besides, the usage of inaccurate keywords also resulted in short query problem. Most of the time, the issues are caused by the aggregated fault in annotating the documents while the short query problem is caused by naive user who has little prior knowledge and experience in cultural heritage domain. In this research, the main aim is to model information access system to overcome partially the issues arising from the documentation process and the background of the users of digital cultural heritage. Therefore, three types of information access tool are introduced and established namely information retrieval system, context search, and mobile game on cultural heritage that allow the user to access, learn, and explore the information on cultural heritage. Basically, the main idea for information retrieval system and context search is to incorporate the link relationship between terms into the Language Model by extending of Dirichlet Smoothing to solve the problems arising from both the documentation process and background of the users. In addition, a Preference Model is introduced based on the Theory of Charging a Capacitor to quantify the cognitive context based on time and integrate into the extended Dirichlet Smoothing. Besides, a mobile game is introduced by integrating the ele- ments of the games of monopoly and treasure hunt to mitigate the problems arising from the background of the users especially their casual behavior. The first and second approaches were tested on the Cultural Heritage in CLEF (CHiC) collection that consists of short queries and documents. The results show that the approach is effective and yields better accuracy during the retrieval. Finally, a survey was carried out to investigate the third approach, and the result suggests that the game is able to help the participants to explore and learn the information on cultural heritage. In addition, the participants also felt that an information seeking tool that is integrated with the game can provide more information to the user in a more convenient manner while playing the game and visiting the heritage sites in the game. In conclusion, the results show that the proposed solutions are able to solve the problems arising from the documentation process and the background of the users of digital cultural heritage
Berthon, Julie. "Nouvelle approche de la fiabilité opérationnelle." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13657/document.
Full textThe thesis went within the scope of an agreement between the University Bordeaux I and the Thales Avionics company. It constitutes an original analysis of the reliability of complex materials equipments, with the prospect of control and improvement. The thesis consists of two separate parts connected to the problems met by the manufacturer: - The first part deals with the analysis of "clusters" of undesirable events (chain of disasters, series of failures,...). It appeals to the scan statistics in order to estimate the probability of occurrence of a cluster of events. A Monte Carlo simulation implemented in a dedicated algorithm, then a Monte Carlo simulation supported by a Petri net model, are proposed. Several markovian approaches are then developed. - The second part deals with the analysis of feedback in a non common context when the only information available is the number of equipments which are delivered during each period and the number of those which are removed during each period. An innovative approach, allowing to obtain the intrinsic failure rate of the materials under study according to the production flow and the removal flow, is explained
Carrier-Lafleur, Thomas. "Proust et le cinéma : temps, images et adaptations." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30023/document.
Full textThis thesis does not objectively study ongoing relations between In Search of Lost Time and the cinema medium for the simple reason that, from the strict point of view of objectivity, they are almost non-existent. Having never set foot in a place that shows this particular type of moving images, Proust is not interested in what is now called “cinema”. At best, his name infrequently appears in anthologies of the early 20th century’s writers who commented this kind of spectacle. If by chance he is, the excerpts generally selected are the ones of Time Regained where the “cinematic parade of things” is quite severely criticized. But Proust’s criticism of cinema, albeit an essentially negative one, is not that much inconvenient and does not particularly contradict the need to investigate the matter. We just have to think the problem in a more artistic way, or at least to accept that cinema is not limited to a stable, single mode of existence: “cinema” is – and should be – a potpourri of ideas, concepts and practices that is bound to change, and it is precisely that change that is worth investigating. Such a relativization of the idea of “cinema” will allow us to explore different series of images and series of techniques that run in Proust's novel and its screen adaptations, while letting us see if they are able to match some functions that have been attributed to cinema during its history. This thesis therefore intends to be a record of cinema’s definitions that our reading of Proust’s work could offer. It is also a record of the many readings of In Search of Lost Time that cinema allows us, “cinematographic” readings
Ursu, Eugen. "Contributions dans l'analyse des modèles vectoriels de séries chronologiques saisonnières et périodiques." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6539.
Full textTremblay, Lysandre. "Analyse de la variabilité interannuelle de séries temporelles des niveaux d'eau souterraine dans trois régions du Canada." Mémoire, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2587/1/M11159.pdf.
Full textOuzineb, Mohamed. "Heuristiques efficaces pour l'optimisation de la performance des systèmes séries-parallèles." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6457.
Full textGaumont, Casias Judith. "Violence contre les policiers : comprendre l'évolution du taux de voies de fait contre les policiers au Canada." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5273.
Full textViolence against police officers has important implications both for police officers and police administration. In 2005, the Canadian rate of assault against police officers rose to its highest in decades, showing a worrying situation. Moreover, several Canadian provinces are experiencing a marked increase in violence against their police officers for several years. This study aims to examine and understand the trend of violence against the police officers in Canada by identifying factors affecting the rate of assaults against police officers. In order to do so, a pooled time series analysis, which processes data on the ten Canadian provinces for the period from 1986 to 2006, was performed. Findings indicate that several factors have an impact on the violence against the police: the proportion of young people aged 15-24, the proportion of males aged 15 and more, the proportion of population living in urban areas, the proportion of divorced people, the residual rates of violent crimes and drug crimes, and the number of people who escaped custody and prisoners unlawfully at large. The growing presence of women police officers, which is still debated, appears to reduce the number of assaults against police officers, although the impact of this factor is of limited scope. In Quebec, the continual increase in the rate of assaults against the police officers can possibly be explained by the increase of several factors identified as playing a role in the phenomenon, although a change in crime reporting can also be taken into account.
Bédard, Martin. "Du langage cinématographique à la musique acousmatique : écritures et structures." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7036.
Full textEst-ce qu'il est possible d'organiser le discours musical acousmatique de la même manière que le cinéma structure les images animées? Telle est la question qui résume l'essentiel de mon projet de recherche: Du langage cinématographique à la musique acousmatique : Écritures et structures. À la suite d’une étude exhaustive des procédés d'écriture nécessaires à la réalisation d'une œuvre cinématographique, j'ai cherché à établir des relations d'équivalence avec chacune des étapes relatives à l'élaboration d'une œuvre électroacoustique. De la captation des sons au cours du tournage sonore en passant par les étapes de classification, de traitement, de mixage, de montage jusqu'à la diffusion en salle de l'œuvre achevée, chaque étape du lexique visuel offre des arrimages concrets et structurellement pertinents à la conception d'une œuvre musicale. Cette typologie des techniques communes de réalisation entre ces deux médias débouche sur une pratique réaliste et concrète puis permet le renouvèlement d'une démarche compositionnelle par l'ajout d'outils techniques et conceptuels. Les résultats de cette recherche se sont matérialisés sous la forme de trois œuvres acousmatiques. Chacune d'elles, par le contexte de leur genèse, explorent des paramètres spécifiques de cette grammaire initialement visuelle.
Is it possible to organize the electroacoustic musical form in the same way as the cinema structures its moving pictures? Such is the question which summarizes the main part of my project of research: Du langage cinématographique à la musique acousmatique : Écritures et structures (the film language in the acousmatic music: writings and structures). Further to an exhaustive study of the processes of the realization of a film work, I tried to establish relations of equivalences with each of the relative step to the elaboration of an electroacoustic work. Of recording of sounds by the "sound-shootings" by way of the classification, treatment, mixing, editing until the performance at the concert of the finished work, every stage of the visual lexicon offers concrete and structurally relevant stowages to the conception of a musical work. This typology of the common techniques of realization between these two similar medias in a realistic and concrete practice then allows trying something new in a composition musical approach by the addition of technical and abstract tools. The results of this research are realized by the composition of three electroacoustic works. Each of them, by the context of their genesis, investigate specific parameters of this initially visual grammar.