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Davis, Sutton A., Linda L. Knol, Kristi M. Crowe-White, Lori W. Turner, and Erin McKinley. "Homemade infant formula recipes may contain harmful ingredients: a quantitative content analysis of blogs." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 8 (March 11, 2020): 1334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001900421x.
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AbstractObjective:When breast-feeding is not possible, commercially made human milk substitute is recommended. Some consumers would prefer to make their own homemade infant formula (HIF) and may seek information on this practice from internet sources. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the content of blogs posting HIF recipes.Design:Blog postings were identified through a comprehensive search conducted using the Google search engine and the following search terms along with the term ‘blog’: ‘Make Your Own Baby Formula’, ‘Homemade Baby Formula’, ‘Do It Yourself (DIY) Baby Formula’, ‘DIY Baby Formula’, ‘Baby Formula Recipe’ and ‘All Natural Baby Formula’. A quantitative content analysis of blogs offering recipes for HIF was completed. Blogs that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed for disclaimers, blogger’s credentials, rationale for HIF use, advertisement or sale of recipe ingredients and recipe ingredients.Setting:Worldwide Web.Results:Fifty-nine blogs, featuring one hundred forty-four recipes, met inclusion criteria. Among reviewed blogs, 33·9 % did not provide a disclaimer stating breast milk is the preferred option, 25·4 % recommended consulting a healthcare professional before using, and 76·3 % and 20·3 % either advertised or sold ingredients or recipe kits, respectively. Credentials of bloggers varied and only seven bloggers identified themselves as ‘nutritionists’. The three most frequently mentioned recipe ingredients were whole raw cow’s milk (24·3 %), raw goat’s milk (23·6 %) and liver (14·5 %).Conclusions:Clinicians should be aware of this trend, discuss source of formula with parents, advocate for appropriate infant feeding practices and monitor for side effects.
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Wartenberg, Lisa, Margaret Raber, and Joya Chandra. "Unique Features of a Web-Based Nutrition Website for Childhood Cancer Populations: Descriptive Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 9 (September 13, 2021): e24515. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24515.
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Background Children with cancer experience a myriad of nutritional challenges that impact their nutrition status during treatment and into survivorship. Growing evidence suggests that weight at diagnosis impacts cancer outcomes, but provider guidance on nutrition and diet during treatment varies. Nutrition literacy and culinary resources may help mitigate some common nutritional problems; however, many patients may face barriers to accessing in-person classes. Along with dietitian-led clinical interventions, web-based resources such as the newly updated electronic cookbook (e-cookbook) created by The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, @TheTable, may facilitate access to nutrition and culinary education during treatment and into survivorship. Objective We sought to define and describe the features and content of the @TheTable e-cookbook and compare it with analogous resources for a lay audience of patients with childhood cancer and childhood cancer survivors as well as their families. Methods We evaluated freely available web-based resources via a popular online search engine (ie, Google). These searches yielded three web-based resources analogous to @TheTable: the American Institute for Cancer Research’s Healthy Recipes, The Children’s Hospital of San Antonio’s Culinary Health Education for Families Recipe for Life, and Ann Ogden Gaffney and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center’s Cook for Your Life. These sites were analyzed for the following: number of recipes, search functionality, child or family focus, cancer focus, specific dietary guidance, videos or other media, and miscellaneous unique features. Results Cook for Your Life and Culinary Health Education for Families Recipe for Life were the most comparable to @TheTable with respect to cancer focus and family focus, respectively. Healthy Recipes is the least user-friendly, with few search options and no didactic videos. Conclusions The @TheTable e-cookbook is unique in its offering of child- and family-focused content centered on the cancer and survivorship experience.
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Bello, Rotimi-Williams, and Firstman Noah Otobo. "Conversion of Website Users to Customers-The Black Hat SEO Technique." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 6 (June 29, 2018): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i6.714.
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Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is a technique which helps search engines to find and rank one site over another in response to a search query. SEO thus helps site owners to get traffic from search engines. Although the basic principle of operation of all search engines is the same, the minor differences between them lead to major changes in results relevancy. Choosing the right keywords to optimize for is thus the first and most crucial step to a successful SEO campaign. In the context of SEO, keyword density can be used as a factor in determining whether a webpage is relevant to a specified keyword or keyword phrase. SEO is known for its contribution as a process that affects the online visibility of a website or a webpage in a web search engine's results. In general, the earlier (or higher ranked on the search results page), and more frequently a website appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engine's users; these visitors can then be converted into customers. It is the objective of this paper to re-present black hat SEO technique as an unprofessional but profitable method of converting website users to customers. Having studied and understood white hat SEO, black hat SEO, gray hat SEO, crawling, indexing, processing and retrieving methods used by search engines as a web software program or web based script to search for documents and files for keywords over the internet to return the list of results containing those keywords; it would be seen that proper application of SEO gives website a better user experience, SEO helps build brand awareness through high rankings, SEO helps circumvent competition, and SEO gives room for high increased return on investment.
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Tobey, Lauren, Christine Mouzong, Joyce Angulo, Sally Bowman, and Melinda Manore. "How Low-Income Mothers Select and Adapt Recipes and Implications for Promoting Healthy Recipes Online." Nutrients 11, no. 2 (February 5, 2019): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020339.
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We describe a 5-year (2011–2015) qualitative evaluation to refine the content/delivery of the Food Hero social marketing campaign recipes to low-income mothers. Objectives were to: (1) identify characteristics looked for in recipes; (2) determine recipe sources; (3) understand motivation for seeking new recipes and recipe adaptations; and (4) identify recipe website characteristics users valued. Nine focus groups (n = 55) were conducted in Portland, Oregon. Participants (35–52 years) were primary caregivers for ≥ one child, the primary household food shoppers/preparers, enrolled in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and able to speak/read English. Participants reported having “go-to” family recipes and regularly searching online for new recipes, especially those using ingredients available/preferred by family members. Recipe websites with highest appeal were polished and engaging to mothers/children, offered user-ratings/comments and were reachable from search engines. Results identified key recommendations: (1) understand the target audience; (2) aim to add healthy/customizable recipes to family “go-to’ recipe rotations and understand the impact of generational influences (e.g. how mothers/grandmothers cooked) on family meals; and (3) create websites that meet target audience criteria. Seeking the target audience’s input about the content/delivery of recipes is an important formative step for obesity-prevention projects that include healthy recipes.
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Bonart, Malte, Anastasiia Samokhina, Gernot Heisenberg, and Philipp Schaer. "An investigation of biases in web search engine query suggestions." Online Information Review 44, no. 2 (December 5, 2019): 365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir-11-2018-0341.
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Purpose Survey-based studies suggest that search engines are trusted more than social media or even traditional news, although cases of false information or defamation are known. The purpose of this paper is to analyze query suggestion features of three search engines to see if these features introduce some bias into the query and search process that might compromise this trust. The authors test the approach on person-related search suggestions by querying the names of politicians from the German Bundestag before the German federal election of 2017. Design/methodology/approach This study introduces a framework to systematically examine and automatically analyze the varieties in different query suggestions for person names offered by major search engines. To test the framework, the authors collected data from the Google, Bing and DuckDuckGo query suggestion APIs over a period of four months for 629 different names of German politicians. The suggestions were clustered and statistically analyzed with regards to different biases, like gender, party or age and with regards to the stability of the suggestions over time. Findings By using the framework, the authors located three semantic clusters within the data set: suggestions related to politics and economics, location information and personal and other miscellaneous topics. Among other effects, the results of the analysis show a small bias in the form that male politicians receive slightly fewer suggestions on “personal and misc” topics. The stability analysis of the suggested terms over time shows that some suggestions are prevalent most of the time, while other suggestions fluctuate more often. Originality/value This study proposes a novel framework to automatically identify biases in web search engine query suggestions for person-related searches. Applying this framework on a set of person-related query suggestions shows first insights into the influence search engines can have on the query process of users that seek out information on politicians.
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Serrano, Will. "Neural Networks in Big Data and Web Search." Data 4, no. 1 (December 30, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data4010007.
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As digitalization is gradually transforming reality into Big Data, Web search engines and recommender systems are fundamental user experience interfaces to make the generated Big Data within the Web as visible or invisible information to Web users. In addition to the challenge of crawling and indexing information within the enormous size and scale of the Internet, e-commerce customers and general Web users should not stay confident that the products suggested or results displayed are either complete or relevant to their search aspirations due to the commercial background of the search service. The economic priority of Web-related businesses requires a higher rank on Web snippets or product suggestions in order to receive additional customers. On the other hand, web search engine and recommender system revenue is obtained from advertisements and pay-per-click. The essential user experience is the self-assurance that the results provided are relevant and exhaustive. This survey paper presents a review of neural networks in Big Data and web search that covers web search engines, ranking algorithms, citation analysis and recommender systems. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) based on neural networks and deep learning in learning relevance and ranking is also analyzed, including its utilization in Big Data analysis and semantic applications. Finally, the random neural network is presented with its practical applications to reasoning approaches for knowledge extraction.
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Serrano, Will. "Smart Internet Search with Random Neural Networks." European Review 25, no. 2 (February 6, 2017): 260–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798716000594.
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Web services that are free of charge to users typically offer access to online information based on some form of economic interest of the web service itself. Advertisers who put the information on the web will make a payment to the search services based on the clicks that their advertisements receive. Thus, end users cannot know that the results they obtain from web search engines are exhaustive, or that they actually respond to their needs. To fill the gap between user needs and the information presented to them on the web, Intelligent Search Assistants have been proposed to act at the interface between users and search engines to present data to users in a manner that reflects their actual needs or their observed or stated preferences. This paper presents an Intelligent Internet Search Assistant based on the Random Neural Network that tracks the user’s preferences and makes a selection on the output of one or more search engines using the preferences that it has learned. We also introduce a ‘relevance metric’ to compare the performance of our Intelligent Internet Search Assistant against a few search engines, showing that it provides better performance.
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Lachmann, Alexander, Brian M. Schilder, Megan L. Wojciechowicz, Denis Torre, Maxim V. Kuleshov, Alexandra B. Keenan, and Avi Ma’ayan. "Geneshot: search engine for ranking genes from arbitrary text queries." Nucleic Acids Research 47, W1 (May 22, 2019): W571—W577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkz393.
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Abstract The frequency by which genes are studied correlates with the prior knowledge accumulated about them. This leads to an imbalance in research attention where some genes are highly investigated while others are ignored. Geneshot is a search engine developed to illuminate this gap and to promote attention to the under-studied genome. Through a simple web interface, Geneshot enables researchers to enter arbitrary search terms, to receive ranked lists of genes relevant to the search terms. Returned ranked gene lists contain genes that were previously published in association with the search terms, as well as genes predicted to be associated with the terms based on data integration from multiple sources. The search results are presented with interactive visualizations. To predict gene function, Geneshot utilizes gene–gene similarity matrices from processed RNA-seq data, or from gene–gene co-occurrence data obtained from multiple sources. In addition, Geneshot can be used to analyze the novelty of gene sets and augment gene sets with additional relevant genes. The Geneshot web-server and API are freely and openly available from https://amp.pharm.mssm.edu/geneshot.
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Hepworth, Allison, Meg Small, and Timothy Brick. "Fathers’ Information Seeking and Use Regarding Infant Feeding: Results From a Survey of Fathers’ Unique Information Needs and Preferences." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab052_002.
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Abstract Objectives Fathers are often marginalized in infant nutrition education, which limits fathers' opportunities to develop responsive, nutritious infant feeding practices. To effectively engage fathers in infant nutrition education, research is needed to describe fathers’ unique information needs and preferences, which was the objective of the current study. Methods First-time parents of infants ≤24 months old completed a cross-sectional online survey about their experience obtaining information about infant feeding in the last 30 days, including: Search frequency, information basis preferences, search topics, sources of information, and information use. Chi-square analyses were conducted to explore gender differences. Results Fathers were the minority of participants (n = 47, 11%). Fathers primarily identified as white (66%) or Black (21%) and were diverse in education and income. Most fathers (87%) sought information about infant feeding ≥ once per week. Fathers most frequently ranked supported by scientific information as the most important basis of infant feeding information (32%). In the last 30 days, fathers most commonly sought information about bottle feeding (51%), breastfeeding (40%), recipe ideas (40%), and infant nutritional needs (40%). Fathers’ top most recent search topics were breastfeeding (15%), food allergies (11%) and introducing solid foods (11%). In their most recent search, fathers most commonly sought information from relatives (62%), search engines (51%), websites (43%), co-parents (38%), and pediatricians (36%). Compared to mothers, fathers were more likely to have sought information about bottle feeding in the last 30 days (51% vs. 23%, P < .001) and most recently. Fathers’ most recent search was less likely about recipe ideas (6% vs. 20%, P = .021). Fathers were more likely to seek information from relatives (62% vs. 43%, P = .013) and co-parents (38% vs. 20%, P = .005). Fathers were more likely to feel empowered by the information they obtained (38% vs. 22%, P = .013), and to use that information (98% vs. 85%, P = .014), specifically to make a plan (79% vs. 64%, P = .042), or use a new feeding approach (57% vs. 43%, P = .032). Conclusions Fathers reported unique information needs and preferences that could be incorporated into infant nutrition education programming. Funding Sources NSF GRPF; USDA NIFA; University dissertation endowment.
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Chen, Yu Wen, Ju Zhang, Kun Hua Zhong, Lei Feng Liu, and Yuan Yao. "Improve the Search and Ranking with Neural Networks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 441 (December 2013): 721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.441.721.
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The full text retrieval system can receive constant feedback in the form of user behavior. In the case of a search engine, each user will immediately provide information about how much he likes the results for a given search by clicking on one result and choosing not to click on the others. This paper will look at a way to record when a user clicks on a result after a query, and design a Click-Tracking Network. Then training it with BP neural networks to intelligently improve the rankings of the results for users. Finally, we implement a search and ranking system content-based ranking and improve the search and ranking with neural network. By experiments we have shown good results.
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Cheng, Xiaolu, Shuo-Yu Lin, Kevin Wang, Y. Alicia Hong, Xiaoquan Zhao, Dustin Gress, Janusz Wojtusiak, Lawrence J. Cheskin, and Hong Xue. "Healthfulness Assessment of Recipes Shared on Pinterest: Natural Language Processing and Content Analysis." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): e25757. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25757.
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Background Although Pinterest has become a popular platform for distributing influential information that shapes users’ behaviors, the role of recipes pinned on Pinterest in these behaviors is not well understood. Objective This study aims to explore the patterns of food ingredients and the nutritional content of recipes posted on Pinterest and to examine the factors associated with recipes that engage more users. Methods Data were collected from Pinterest between June 28 and July 12, 2020 (207 recipes and 2818 comments). All samples were collected via 2 new user accounts with no search history. A codebook was developed with a raw agreement rate of 0.97 across all variables. Content analysis and natural language processing sentiment analysis techniques were employed. Results Recipes using seafood or vegetables as the main ingredient had, on average, fewer calories and less sodium, sugar, and cholesterol than meat- or poultry-based recipes. For recipes using meat as the main ingredient, more than half of the energy was obtained from fat (277/490, 56.6%). Although the most followed pinners tended to post recipes containing more poultry or seafood and less meat, recipes with higher fat content or providing more calories per serving were more popular, having more shared photos or videos and comments. The natural language processing–based sentiment analysis suggested that Pinterest users weighted taste more heavily than complexity (225/2818, 8.0%) and health (84/2828, 2.9%). Conclusions Although popular pinners tended to post recipes with more seafood or poultry or vegetables and less meat, recipes with higher fat and sugar content were more user-engaging, with more photo or video shares and comments. Data on Pinterest behaviors can inform the development and implementation of nutrition health interventions to promote healthy recipe sharing on social media platforms.
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Ashton, Lee M., Megan E. Rollo, Marc Adam, Tracy Burrows, Vanessa A. Shrewsbury, and Clare E. Collins. "Process Evaluation of the ‘No Money No Time’ Healthy Eating Website Promoted Using Social Marketing Principles. A Case Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 30, 2021): 3589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073589.
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Background: Reaching and engaging individuals, especially young adults, in web-based prevention programs is challenging. ‘No Money No Time’ (NMNT) is a purpose built, healthy eating website with content and a social marketing strategy designed to reach and engage a young adult (18–34 year olds) target group. The aim of the current study was to conduct a process evaluation of the 12-month social marketing strategy to acquire and engage NMNT users, particularly young adults. Methods: a process evaluation framework for complex interventions was applied to investigate the implementation of the social marketing strategy component, mechanisms of impact and contextual factors. Google Analytics data for the first 12 months of operation (17 July 2019 to 17 July 2020) was evaluated. Results: in year one, 42,413 users from 150+ countries accessed NMNT, with 47.6% aged 18–34 years. The most successful channel for acquiring total users, young adults and return users was via organic search, demonstrating success of our marketing strategies that included a Search Engine Optimisation audit, a content strategy, a backlink strategy and regular promotional activities. For engagement, there was a mean of 4.46 pages viewed per session and mean session duration of 3 min, 35 s. Users clicked a ‘call-to-action’ button to commence the embedded diet quality tool in 25.1% of sessions. The most common device used to access NMNT (63.9%) was smartphone/mobile. Engagement with ‘quick, cheap and healthy recipes’ had the highest page views. Conclusions: findings can inform online nutrition programs, particularly for young adults, and can apply to other digital health programs.
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Ren, Pengjie, Zhumin Chen, Zhaochun Ren, Evangelos Kanoulas, Christof Monz, and Maarten De Rijke. "Conversations with Search Engines: SERP-based Conversational Response Generation." ACM Transactions on Information Systems 39, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3432726.
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In this article, we address the problem of answering complex information needs by conducting conversations with search engines , in the sense that users can express their queries in natural language and directly receive the information they need from a short system response in a conversational manner. Recently, there have been some attempts towards a similar goal, e.g., studies on Conversational Agent s (CAs) and Conversational Search (CS). However, they either do not address complex information needs in search scenarios or they are limited to the development of conceptual frameworks and/or laboratory-based user studies. We pursue two goals in this article: (1) the creation of a suitable dataset, the Search as a Conversation (SaaC) dataset, for the development of pipelines for conversations with search engines, and (2) the development of a state-of-the-art pipeline for conversations with search engines, Conversations with Search Engines (CaSE), using this dataset. SaaC is built based on a multi-turn conversational search dataset, where we further employ workers from a crowdsourcing platform to summarize each relevant passage into a short, conversational response. CaSE enhances the state-of-the-art by introducing a supporting token identification module and a prior-aware pointer generator, which enables us to generate more accurate responses. We carry out experiments to show that CaSE is able to outperform strong baselines. We also conduct extensive analyses on the SaaC dataset to show where there is room for further improvement beyond CaSE. Finally, we release the SaaC dataset and the code for CaSE and all models used for comparison to facilitate future research on this topic.
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Desai, Vikram, Joung W. Kim, Rajendra P. Srivastava, and Renu V. Desai. "A Study of the Relationship between a Going Concern Opinion and Its Financial Distress Metrics." Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting 14, no. 2 (September 1, 2017): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jeta-51933.
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ABSTRACT The primary objective of this paper is to employ search engine technology to investigate the relationship between first-time going concern opinions (GCOs) and the financial viability of the GCO recipients using delisting as a criterion rather than bankruptcy. The paper also investigates the impact of client distress factors on auditors' propensity to issue GCOs. The search engine enables us to examine the entire population of 10-K filings from 1995 to 2015 and also to obtain delisting data, which are not readily available in commercial databases. Contrary to prior research, we find that the survival rate of first-time GCOs is much lower when we use delisting as a measure of financial viability. Around 26 percent of the companies that receive their first GCOs are delisted within a period of one year of the audit opinion date, and 50 percent of the companies that receive their first GCOs are delisted within a period of three years. The bankruptcy rate of first-time GCO companies within one year is around 9 percent. Such evidence may prove useful to the PCAOB's effort to expeditiously assess the intended benefit of GCOs. In addition, we find that the propensity of auditors to issue GCOs varies for each distress factor.
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Cheng, Ming, Chris K. Anderson, Zhen Zhu, and S. Chan Choi. "Service online search ads: from a consumer journey view." Journal of Services Marketing 32, no. 2 (April 9, 2018): 126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-06-2016-0224.
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Purpose This study aims to address the following research questions: Do the two types of service firms (individual or aggregator) have similar competitiveness on online search ads? How should the two types of service firms select optimal branded keywords to improve search performance? In addition, how do consumers’ search queries influence the service search performance of the two types of service firms? Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors conduct an empirical analysis by building a two-stage choice modeling on the process of search engine ranking and consumer click-through decisions. The authors estimate the parameter coefficients and test the hypotheses using maximum likelihood estimation in the logistic regression model. Findings The empirical findings suggest that consumer response rates are highly dependent upon three aspects (service types, branded keyword strategy and consumer search query). First, the authors found that service aggregators receive greater consumer responses than individual service providers. Second, depending upon the various branded keyword strategies (e.g. generic vs branded, “within-type” vs “cross-type”) implemented by service aggregators or individual firms, the expected consumer responses could be quite different. Finally, customer’s search query, being either generic or branded, also has direct effect and interactive effect with service type on how consumers would response to the sponsored ads in the service search process. Research limitations/implications The limitation of the research is twofold. First, conversion rate is not considered in the model estimation due to the nature of the data set. Second, the discussion about the keywords selection strategies is focusing on the hospitality industry. Future research shall further validate the generalizability into other industries. Practical implications First, given this competitive advantage, service aggregators should take an aggressive approach to adopting paid search strategy in acquiring new users and enhance its brand salience in the service ecosystem. Second, when considering other competitor’s brand names to include, if a firm is a service provider (e.g. hotel), a strategy that can help it receive higher consumer response would be to use “within-type” rather than “cross-type” branded keyword strategy. If a firm is a service aggregator, a better branded keyword strategy would be to use “across-type” instead of “within-type” approach. In addition, given that consumer’s brand awareness can influence the effectiveness of branded keyword strategy, online service search should target consumers in earlier stages of a decision journey. Social implications The authors believe their theoretical framework can provide actionable solutions to service firms to ease customer’s search process, increase customer’s stickiness using search engines and add value to the customer relationships with all services entities within the digital ecosystem. Originality/value This study is the first to expand online search marketing into granule examinations (main and interactive effects of three key factors) in the service search domain. First, the authors differentiate service firms into two categories – online travel aggregators and individual hotels in the model. Second, the authors introduce two sets of new classifications of branded keywords for online service search research (i.e. own versus other brand and “cross-type” versus “within-type” branded keywords). Third, this study integrates service consumers’ search word specificity into the conceptual framework which is often missing in previous online search research.
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Santos, Vanessa Fernandes Amadei, Felipe Silva Neves, Mirella Lima Binoti, and Larissa Loures Mendes. "Nutritional quality of snacks for preschoolers recommended on the internet." Journal of Human Growth and Development 27, no. 1 (April 13, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.127654.
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Introduction: Concerns about proper nutrition in childhood have been highlighted by the media. This is accompanied by an ongoing increase in the number of Internet pages, including those on social networks, channeled toward providing health information. Objective: To analyze the nutritional quality of snack recipes presented on web pages, aimed at preschoolers and described as healthy. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out in 2015. A search was made for Brazilian web pages aimed at the lay public, and that contained snacks for children between 2 and 6 years of age. The first 20 URLs located by the search engine were selected and 10% of the recipes were set apart. The snacks were checked for compliance with steps 6, 7, and 8 of the Food Guide. Subsequently, nutritional labels were made for the preparations that met the three pre-established steps. Results: 85% of the pages were sites, 5% were blogs, and the rest were identified as sites/blogs. It was found that all were readable/comprehensible and 40% provided author identification. Of the 35 preparations initially observed, 31.4% met all three steps for healthy eating. In the qualitative analysis, seven were considered hypocaloric; only one of the snacks came close to the proposed carbohydrate content; two had excess protein. In general, the recipes had low quantities of: lipids, calcium, iron, sodium, and fiber. Conclusions: less than half of the addresses consulted identified the author. In addition, the recipes were predominantly misleading, as most had inadequacies in macronutrient and micronutrient content.
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Timoshkin, Dmitriy. "Migrants and Spatial Marginality in Urban Digital Media (The Case of Irkutsk)." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 20, no. 1 (2021): 124–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2021-1-124-147.
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The article analyzes “migrant” spaces created in Irkutsk by journalists and users of urban digital media. We considered professional news agencies, groups in Vkontakte, and forums as a tool for “space production” in combining many autobiographical descriptions of interaction with the city, images, and publicistic texts into an integral socio-spatial image. We were interested in how the texts’ authors of digital media integrate migrants into the “image of Irkutsk”: do they create specific “migrant” places on the map of Irkutsk? What are their features? Do the “migrant” spaces created on various digital platforms differ from each other? Does the social marginality of the “migrant” receive spatial expression? The materials were selected in the Google search engine, as well as in the built-in search engines of urban communities on Vkontakte and forums, using the keywords “Irkutsk” + “migrants” or “newcomers”. We used the method of retrospective online observation and discourse analysis. By observing the users’ dialogues and publicistic texts posted at different times, we determined which localities “migrants” and “newcomers” were placed in, and what characteristics they were given. It was found that the professional media mainly broadcasts the bureaucratic vision of the “migrant” and its location: it is associated with a set of “suspect spaces”, points of concentration of informal jobs, and are regularly “checked” by officials. Spaces are presented as marginal, do not fit into the city as an established socio-spatial order, and therefore are “dirty” and dangerous. These images move to social media where the image of “dirty” spaces and the “migrant” hiding there, as transmitted by the bureaucracy, collide with the subjective experience of users, becoming more complex and ambiguous. Thus, the “migrant” is placed in a wider range of spaces and social situations, gradually becoming a part of everyday urban life.
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Baird, Grayson, Trevor McBride, Brett Owens, and Jonathan Hodax. "Readability of Online Sources Regarding Meniscal Tears." Journal of Knee Surgery 30, no. 07 (December 30, 2016): 712–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1598009.
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AbstractMeniscal injuries are extremely common, with an incidence of 8.3 per 1,000 person/years in young, active individuals. Patients often turn to the internet to glean information about their injuries, and even to guide decision making about treatment. Much research has been done demonstrating that a reading level of eighth grade or lower is appropriate for accurately communicating written information to patients, yet medical practitioners often fail to meet this requirement. To better examine the information patients receive about meniscal injuries, we set out to evaluate the reading level and content of three commonly used search terms on the three search engines with the largest market share. The authors examined the keywords “meniscus tear,” “meniscus tear treatment,” and “knee pain meniscus” on the three highest market share search engines. The top 10 results from each search were included, and redundancies identified. Unique Web sites were evaluated for source, word count, reading level, and content including advertisements, diagrams, photographs, nonoperative and operative options, and accurate medical information. A total of 23 unique Web sites were identified in our search, including 13 public education sources, 6 academic institutions, and 4 private physicians/groups. Average grade levels of articles ranged from 9.4 to 14.2 (mean, 11.14; standard deviation [SD] 1.46), and Flesch–Kincaid reading ease scores ranged from 23.9 to 68.7 (mean, 55.31; SD, 10.11). Pages from public sources required the highest level of readability (11.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.8–13.2), which was significantly higher than private (11.0, 95% CI: 9.3, 12.7]) and academic (10.9, 95% CI: 8.9–12.9), p = 0.007 and p = 0.002, respectively. Further efforts to make appropriate health information available to patients are needed.
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Seikel, Michele. "Guest Editorial: The Pivot to E." Library Resources & Technical Services 60, no. 4 (October 7, 2016): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/lrts.60n4.218.
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In 2004, Deanna Marcum, associate librarian for library services at the Library of Congress (LC), gave an address titled “The Future of Cataloging” in which she detailed the many ways that the Internet had already changed research for students. She asked whether, in light of the increasing power of search engine indexing, digital resources should receive the same careful, detailed bibliographic description as printed materials. At that time, Google and several large research libraries were involved in the massive digitization project that became Google Books. Since then, other large digitization projects have combined to produce full-text digital versions of a great deal of the contents not under copyright of many research libraries.
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Helmiah, Fauriatun, Dewi Maharani, and Santoso Santoso. "Internet Sehat dalam Media Komunikasi dan Informasi pada Sekretariat Leppas Kabu-paten Asahan." Jurdimas (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Royal 4, no. 1 (January 21, 2021): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/jurdimas.v4i1.816.
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Abstract: The development of Information Technology and communication which is increasingly fast is marked by the presence of internet media which has made it easier for humans to disseminate and receive/search for information without being bound by national borders in the international sphere. Humans are already living in practicality considering that increasingly modern means of communication to support all activities are available, even though the presence of the internet media can provide a variety of data, ranging from politics, economics, social, culture and so on, simply through search engines then information what is needed will be obtained. Even though the internet, information for personal life can be obtained such as health, recreation, hobbies, personal development, spiritual, and others. But there is another part that needs to be understood that the presence of internet media with offers or choices of various sites with freedom of access such as the double-edged sword, on the one hand, can bring positive impacts and on the other hand negative impacts. There are cases of defamation, insults, defamation, bullying, kidnapping, SARA issues, provocation, propaganda, hate speech, hoaxes, and the like.Keywords: healthy internet; communication and information; media Abstrak: Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi dan komunkasi yang semakin cepat ditandai dengan kehadiran media internet yang telah mempermudah manusia untuk menyebarluaskan dan menerima/mencari informasi tanpa terikat batas negara dalam lingkup internasional. Kini manusia sudah hidup dalam kepraktisan mengingat sarana komunikasi semakin modern sebagai penunjang segala kegiatan telah tersedia, bahka kehadiran media internet mampu menyediakan data berbagai ragam informasi, mulai dari politik, ekonomi, social, budaya dan sebagainya cukup melalui search engine (mesin pencari) maka informasi yang dibutuhkan akan didapatkan. Bahkan melalui internet, informasi untuk kehidupan pribadi bisa diperoleh seperti kesehatan, rekreasi, hobi, pengembangan pribadi, rohani dan lainnya. Tetapi ada bagian lain yang perlu dipahami bahwa kehadiran media internet dengan tawaran atau pilihan beragam situs dengan keleluasaan akses seperti pedang bermata dua, di satu sisi bisa membawa dampak positif dan di sisi lain berdampak negatif. Terjadi kasus penistaan, penghinaan, pencemaran nama baik, bullying (perundungan), penculikan, isu SARA, Provokasi, propaganda, ujaran kebencian, berita bohong (hoax) dan sejenisnya.Kata kunci: internet sehat; komunikasi dan informasi; media
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HIRSCHMAN, L., and R. GAIZAUSKAS. "Natural language question answering: the view from here." Natural Language Engineering 7, no. 4 (December 2001): 275–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324901002807.
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As users struggle to navigate the wealth of on-line information now available, the need for automated question answering systems becomes more urgent. We need systems that allow a user to ask a question in everyday language and receive an answer quickly and succinctly, with sufficient context to validate the answer. Current search engines can return ranked lists of documents, but they do not deliver answers to the user.Question answering systems address this problem. Recent successes have been reported in a series of question-answering evaluations that started in 1999 as part of the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC). The best systems are now able to answer more than two thirds of factual questions in this evaluation.
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Riandika, Dedi, and Agus Umar Hamdani. "Implementasi E-Commerce Dengan Teknik SEO dan Strategi Pemasaran 4P Untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan Produk Aksesoris Motor Pada XYZ Motoshop." JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 4, no. 3 (July 20, 2020): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v4i3.2242.
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XYZ Motoshop is an individual business engaged in the sale of motorcycle accessories and spare parts, located in Pamulang, South Tangerang. The problems experienced by XYZ Motoshop include: difficulty in knowing product availability information, order process is less effective because customers must come directly to the store, sales data processing requires a long time because it is still handwritten, having difficulty to know about shipping goods because it does not have proof of receipt of goods and the customer does not recognize the product being promoted on social media. To solve the above problems, we need a system that is able to manage product sales transactions effectively and efficiently. Researchers offer alternative solutions to help management to solve problems that occur by designing e-commerce systems. In this study, researchers used the Business Model Canvas approach to analyze the company's business model, problem analysis using the Fishbone Diagram approach, analysis and design of the E-Commerce system using the Unified Modeling Language approach and implementation of the E-Commerce system using the Content Management System, the search method using techniques Search Engine Optimization and marketing methods use the 4P marketing strategy. The final results of this research are an E-Commerce Website that can increase sales of motorcycle accessories products in XYZ Motoshop
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Petersenn, Stephan, Mirjam Christ-Crain, Michael Droste, Reinhard Finke, Jörg Flitsch, Ilonka Kreitschmann-Andermahr, Anton Luger, Jochen Schopohl, and Günter Stalla. "Pituitary Disease in Pregnancy: Special Aspects of Diagnosis and Treatment?" Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde 79, no. 04 (March 6, 2019): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0794-7587.
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AbstractThe diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disease in pregnancy represents a special clinical challenge. Not least because there is very little data on the treatment of pregnant patients with pituitary disorders. A selective search of the literature was carried out with the aim of compiling evidence about the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disease in pregnancy. The search covered the databases PubMed/MEDLINE including PubMed Central and also used the Livivo (ZB MED) search engine. Recent studies were evaluated for recommendations about the care of pregnant patients with hormone-inactive and hormone-active pituitary adenomas (prolactinoma, acromegaly and Cushingʼs disease), pituitary insufficiency, pituitary apoplexy and hypophysitis. The most well-established forms of treatment are for prolactinoma, due to the incidence of this disease and its impact on fertility. When pregnancy has been confirmed, prolactinoma treatment with dopamine agonists should be paused. Although microprolactinomas rarely increase significantly in size after the administration of dopamine agonists is discontinued, symptomatic tumor growth of macroprolactinomas can occur. In such cases, treatment with dopamine agonists can be resumed. If the primary tumor is large and the risk that it will continue to grow is high, it may be necessary to continue medical treatment from the start of pregnancy. If one of the partners has a pituitary disorder, it is often still possible for many couples to achieve their wish of having children if they receive medical support to plan and the pregnancy is carefully monitored. Given the complexity of pituitary disease, pregnant patients with pituitary disorders should be cared for and treated by a multidisciplinary team in centers specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disease.
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Alinezhad, Alireza, Vahid Hajipour, and Sanaz Hosseinzadeh. "Bi-Objective Optimization of Service-Oriented Location-Pricing Model Using Electromagnetism-Like Mechanism Algorithm." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 19, no. 06 (October 12, 2020): 1737–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021962202050039x.
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This paper develops a multi-objective multi-layer location-pricing (MLLP) model with congested facilities in which the facilities act like a classic queuing system. The customers who arrive to this system receive service at all layers in a predetermined order to fulfill their demands. The goal is to determine (1) optimal number of the facilities required at each layer, (2) optimal allocation of customers to facilities, and (3) optimal price of providing service at each layer. The objective functions are to maximize the total profit of the system and to minimize the sum of travel and waiting times, simultaneously. The problem is formulated as a multi-objective nonlinear integer mathematical programming model. Since the problem is hard to be solved analytically, we present a multi-objective meta-heuristic algorithm (MHA) based on an electromagnetism-like mechanism (ELM) as a solution for multi-objective MLLP. This algorithm used an elitist mechanism to strengthen the structure of search engine in order to find better quality solutions. The results indicate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in comparison with the traditional ELM.
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Rahimi, Roja, Shekoufeh Nikfar, and Mohammad Abdollahi. "Increased morbidity and mortality in acute human organophosphate-poisoned patients treated by oximes: a meta-analysis of clinical trials." Human & Experimental Toxicology 25, no. 3 (March 2006): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327106ht602oa.
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Organophosphates are one of the most common causes of poisoning, especially in the Third world, with high morbidity and mortality. The treatment of this type of poisoning involves the use of atropine and oximes. Atropine has been used successfully in large doses to counteract the muscarinic effects of organophosphate poisoning, but the efficacy of oximes in the management of this poisoning remains under question. In this study, we undertook a meta-analysis by reviewing all clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of oximes in the management of organophosphate poisoning. The databases of PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane, SCOPUS, and the search engine of Google were searched for all clinical trials on the use of oximes in organophosphate poisoning. The inclusion criteria were death, development of intermediate syndrome, and need for ventilation. Six clinical trials met the inclusion criteria and were included in the metaanalysis. The x2 tests for heterogeneity (P–0.25, 0.16, and 0.33, respectively) indicated that the included studies were not significantly heterogeneous and could be combined. A significant relative risk (P–0.0017) for death among oxime-exposed was 2.17 (95% CI of 1.34 / 3.51). The ‘need for ventilation’ in patients who received oxime was higher (P–0.03) than those who did not receive oxime with a relative risk of 1.53 (1.16 / 2.02). The incidence of ‘intermediate syndrome’ for oximeexposed patients was significantly higher (P–0.01) than oxime non-exposed patients with a relative risk of 1.57 (95% CI 1.11 / 2.11). It can be concluded that oximes are not effective in the management of organophosphate-poisoned patients and, surprisingly, they can be dangerous and worsen the patient's clinical situation.
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Iwema, Carrie L., John LaDue, Angela Zack, and Ansuman Chattopadhyay. "search.bioPreprint: a discovery tool for cutting edge, preprint biomedical research articles." F1000Research 5 (June 16, 2016): 1396. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8798.1.
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The time it takes for a completed manuscript to be published traditionally can be extremely lengthy. Article publication delay, which occurs in part due to constraints associated with peer review, can prevent the timely dissemination of critical and actionable data associated with new information on rare diseases or developing health concerns such as Zika virus. Preprint servers are open access online repositories housing preprint research articles that enable authors (1) to make their research immediately and freely available and (2) to receive commentary and peer review prior to journal submission. There is a growing movement of preprint advocates aiming to change the current journal publication and peer review system, proposing that preprints catalyze biomedical discovery, support career advancement, and improve scientific communication. While the number of articles submitted to and hosted by preprint servers are gradually increasing, there has been no simple way to identify biomedical research published in a preprint format, as they are not typically indexed and are only discoverable by directly searching the specific preprint server websites. To address this issue, we created a search engine that quickly compiles preprints from disparate host repositories and provides a one-stop search solution. Additionally, we developed a web application that bolsters the discovery of preprints by enabling each and every word or phrase appearing to with articles from preprint servers. This tool, search.bioPreprint, is publicly available at http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/resources/preprint.
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Iwema, Carrie L., John LaDue, Angela Zack, and Ansuman Chattopadhyay. "search.bioPreprint: a discovery tool for cutting edge, preprint biomedical research articles." F1000Research 5 (July 20, 2016): 1396. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8798.2.
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The time it takes for a completed manuscript to be published traditionally can be extremely lengthy. Article publication delay, which occurs in part due to constraints associated with peer review, can prevent the timely dissemination of critical and actionable data associated with new information on rare diseases or developing health concerns such as Zika virus. Preprint servers are open access online repositories housing preprint research articles that enable authors (1) to make their research immediately and freely available and (2) to receive commentary and peer review prior to journal submission. There is a growing movement of preprint advocates aiming to change the current journal publication and peer review system, proposing that preprints catalyze biomedical discovery, support career advancement, and improve scientific communication. While the number of articles submitted to and hosted by preprint servers are gradually increasing, there has been no simple way to identify biomedical research published in a preprint format, as they are not typically indexed and are only discoverable by directly searching the specific preprint server websites. To address this issue, we created a search engine that quickly compiles preprints from disparate host repositories and provides a one-stop search solution. Additionally, we developed a web application that bolsters the discovery of preprints by enabling each and every word or phrase appearing on any web site to be integrated with articles from preprint servers. This tool, search.bioPreprint, is publicly available at http://www.hsls.pitt.edu/resources/preprint.
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Joshi, Siddharth, Roshan Iqbal, S. Harsha, S. C. Nemichandra, and Shasthara Paneyala. "Biomarkers in migraine: a sea of something." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 9 (August 26, 2020): 3329. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203687.
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Migraine is the most common headache disorder with high prevalence. Clinical features which forms basis for diagnosis are heterogenous, varying from person to person and in an individual patient from one headache to the next. In most of the migraineurs treatment is delayed, until the disease severity is high leading to significant disability and socioeconomic burden. Many patients receive various combination of prolonged therapy with no significant benefits. Identifying a biomarker for migraine might help in assessing the susceptibility, diagnosing the disease early, choosing appropriate therapeutic target and monitoring the disease course. Here in this review authors discuss most studied, promising biomarkers emerging in field of migraine. The keywords migraine, and biomarkers were used in the search engines of PubMed and Google scholar and articles identified were extensively reviewed. Genetic biomarkers ascertain susceptibility or predisposition to migraine and are valuable in diagnosis, developing novel therapeutic agents, assessing treatment response. This review briefs about most studied genetic and circulatory biomarkers of migraine. Further research into existing biomarkers with higher sample size, excluding confounding factors is necessary. Search for newer biomarkers which can be of great value in diagnosis and therapy is needed. Identifying a biomarker which is reliable, replicable, easily available and cost-effective is need of the hour in management of migraine.
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Simões, Andressa, Roberto Macêdo-Júnior, Brenda Santos, Lucas Silva, Daniel Silva, and Denise Ruzene. "Produced Water: An overview of treatment technologies." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss4.2283.
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Produced water is one of the single most significant waste streams in the oil and gas industry, and because it is a residue of complex chemical composition, it can't be simply discarded in the environment, it should receive appropriate treatments before. This paper presents a mapping of the quantitative evolution, referring to the leading publications on the study of water produced with a focus on treatments. A bibliometric method was then adopted to build a structured database with the selected articles and then analyzed the number of publications, countries, areas of impact, authors, keywords, periodicals, and affiliations. The thematic has proved to be an essential line of research over the years. The analysis was considered in the period between 1969 and 2017. Several indicators were observed regarding the development of academic and technological research on water produced as well as its treatment processes. The study was performed in the Scopus database search engine to gather data, and 2434 documents were identified, with 851 articles investigated more specifically. This paper highlights the need for constant future studies about the produced water to minimize not only pollution but also reduce operating costs.
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Sarmiento, Iván, Sergio Paredes-Solís, Martin Morris, Juan Pimentel, Anne Cockcroft, and Neil Andersson. "Factors influencing maternal health in indigenous communities with presence of traditional midwifery in the Americas: protocol for a scoping review." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (October 2020): e037922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037922.
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IntroductionIndigenous mothers often receive culturally unsafe services that do not fully respond to their needs. The objective of this scoping review is to collate and assess evidence that identifies factors, including the role and influence of traditional midwives, that affect maternal health in indigenous communities in the Americas. The results will map Western perspectives reflected in published and unpublished literature to indicate the complex network of factors that influence maternal outcomes. These maps will allow for comparison with local stakeholder knowledge and discussion to identify what needs to change to promote culturally safe care.Methods and analysisA librarian will search studies with iterative and documented adjustments in CINAHL, Scopus, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), MEDLINE, Embase and Google Scholar without any time restrictions, and use Google search engine for grey literature. Included studies will be empirical (quantitative, qualitative or mixed); address maternal health issues among indigenous communities in the Americas; and report on the role or influence of traditional midwives. Two researchers will independently screen and blindly select the included studies. The quality assessment of included manuscripts will rely on the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Two independent researchers will extract data on factors promoting or reducing maternal health in indigenous communities, including the role or influence of traditional midwives. Fuzzy cognitive mapping will summarise the findings as a list of relationships between identified factors and outcomes with weights indicating strength of the relationship and the evidence supporting this.Ethics and disseminationThis review is part of a proposal approved by the ethics committees at McGill University and the Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales in Guerrero. Participating indigenous communities in Guerrero State approved the study in 2015. The results of the scoping review will contribute to the field of cultural safety and intercultural dialogue for the promotion of maternal health in indigenous communities.
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Lehwess-Litzmann, René, and Ides Nicaise. "Surprisingly small: effects of “generous” social benefits on re-employment of (quasi-) jobless households." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 36, no. 1 (March 2020): 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ics.2020.1.
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AbstractThis article analyses whether the extent of public welfare provision influences the speed at which (quasi-)jobless households get (back) into employment. (Quasi-)joblessness is one of the key criteria defining the risk of poverty and social exclusion in the EU. Moreover, the perceived tension between the main functions of social benefits (protecting households from poverty and incentivising job search) is most acute among these households. Based on EU-SILC data, we examine changes of household work intensity during one year after benefit receipt. We observe that “more-generous” social benefits have a slightly negative impact. This can potentially be due to a disincentive effect of social benefits, but it can also mean that the additional financial leeway is used by job seekers to wait for more adequate job offers or engage in further training. Even though statistically significant, the estimated negative effects are very small.
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Deer, LillyBelle K., Kelsey Gohn, and Tomoe Kanaya. "Anxiety and self-efficacy as sequential mediators in US college students’ career preparation." Education + Training 60, no. 2 (February 12, 2018): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/et-07-2017-0096.
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Purpose Current college students in the USA are reporting higher levels of anxiety over career planning than previous generations, placing pressure on colleges to provide effective career development opportunities for their students. Research has consistently found that increasing career-related self-efficacy is particularly effective at increasing career-related behaviors among college students. These studies, however, do not account for the potentially negative impact of anxiety on cognitive, mediational pathways, including self-efficacy. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to determine if anxiety plays a sequentially mediating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and job search intentions among college students. Design/methodology/approach Participants who were currently looking for a job or an internship were recruited to participate in an online study regarding career development preparation. Participants completed a job search behaviors “quiz” and were randomly assigned to either a “no feedback/control” condition or a “false-positive feedback/experimental” condition. Their career decision-making self-efficacy and state-trait anxiety were then assessed, as well as their intentions to engage in job search behaviors. A sequential mediational pathway analysis was performed to determine whether anxiety plays a mediational role in the relationship between self-efficacy and job search behaviors. Findings The hypothesized sequential mediational model was statistically significant. More specifically, participants who were randomly assigned to receive positive feedback experienced significantly lower levels of anxiety than participants in the control condition. In turn, lower levels of anxiety led to significantly higher levels of self-efficacy and significantly higher levels of job search intentions. Practical implications These findings have immediate implications for practitioners and educators who work with college students or any population that may be facing anxiety regarding the job search process. More specifically, these underscore the importance of lowering anxiety in order to lead to significantly higher levels of engagement in the career preparation process. Originality/value Currently, few studies (if any) have examined the potential mediating impact of anxiety on career-related self-efficacy and career development. Furthermore, no study has incorporated experimental methodology to test multiple pathways between anxiety, self-efficacy, and career preparation.
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Cho, Haruhiko, and Takaki Yoshikawa. "Long-term follow-up of advanced gastric cancer patients who achieved a pathologic complete response with neoadjuvant chemotherapy." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 3_suppl (January 20, 2014): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.133.
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133 Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after D2 gastrectomy has become a standard treatment for stage 2/3 gastric cancer in Japan and Korea; however, the results remain unsatisfactory due to insufficient risk reduction in patients with stage 3 disease and low compliance. Although the administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a promising approach associated with a high rate of compliance and a downstage effect, the long-term survival benefits of this modality are unclear. Moreover, the impact of the pathological response on survival has not been evaluated. Based on the hypothesis that the pathological response grade is associated with survival, we conducted a search for reports of a pathological complete response (pCR) obtained with NAC. Methods: A total of 27 gastric cancer patients who achieved a pCR following NAC therapy were identified using PubMed and the Japanese medical search engine “Ichu-shi,” with the search words “gastric cancer,” “NAC,” and “pCR.” A questionnaire regarding the patients’ prognoses was posted in 23 institutions in Japan in July 2013. Results: Answers regarding 22 patients were obtained from 20 institutions. The subjects included 13 males and nine females. The mean age was 67.5 years. Tumors with stage 3/4 (95.4%: 21/22) and a diffuse-type histology (61.9%: 13/21) were dominant. S1/CDDP was the most frequently selected NAC regimen. A total of 77.2% (17/22) of the patients required combined resection of adjacent organs, and all patients underwent R0 resection and D2 lymphadenectomy. At present, 86.3% (19/22) of the patients are alive without recurrence; none of the ten patients who received postoperative AC demonstrated any recurrence, while three of twelve patients who did not receive postoperative AC developed recurrence, and two patients died of the disease after surgery (at 71 months and nine months, respectively). The overall and recurrence-free survival rates at three/five years were 95.5%/85.1% and 90.9%/75.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with gastric cancer who achieve a pCR with NAC are rare; however, their prognoses are excellent. It is therefore important to develop a NAC regimen focusing on a high pCR rate.
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Bahl, Shashi, Ravi Pratap Singh, Mohd Javaid, Ibrahim Haleem Khan, Raju Vaishya, and Rajiv Suman. "Telemedicine Technologies for Confronting COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review." Journal of Industrial Integration and Management 05, no. 04 (October 31, 2020): 547–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424862220300057.
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Telemedicine (TM) is used to treat patients in a remote location by using telecommunication technology. It exchanges the medical information and data from one location to another through advanced technological innovation. During this COVID-19 pandemic, there is a lockdown in almost all countries. TM is beneficial to healthcare to minimize social distance. This review paper briefs about TM and discusses how this technology works for the COVID-19 pandemic and its significant benefits. An extensive search is made on the known research engines of PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate using the appropriate keywords to extract meaningful and relevant articles. Ten major applications of TM for COVID-19 are identified and discussed with a brief description of each provided. The major technological processes involved in TM, which create advancement in the medical field, are also discussed. This technology helps avoid visits to the doctor and hospital during the lockdown and provides a suitable treatment option. It collects the medical information and data, which can be helpful for better treatment of the patient. Telemedicine adopts virtualized treatment approaches for the patient. Now patients can receive better quality treatment without leaving their homes during COVID-19 lockdown.
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Arbaaeen, Ammar, and Asadullah Shah. "Ontology-Based Approach to Semantically Enhanced Question Answering for Closed Domain: A Review." Information 12, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info12050200.
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For many users of natural language processing (NLP), it can be challenging to obtain concise, accurate and precise answers to a question. Systems such as question answering (QA) enable users to ask questions and receive feedback in the form of quick answers to questions posed in natural language, rather than in the form of lists of documents delivered by search engines. This task is challenging and involves complex semantic annotation and knowledge representation. This study reviews the literature detailing ontology-based methods that semantically enhance QA for a closed domain, by presenting a literature review of the relevant studies published between 2000 and 2020. The review reports that 83 of the 124 papers considered acknowledge the QA approach, and recommend its development and evaluation using different methods. These methods are evaluated according to accuracy, precision, and recall. An ontological approach to semantically enhancing QA is found to be adopted in a limited way, as many of the studies reviewed concentrated instead on NLP and information retrieval (IR) processing. While the majority of the studies reviewed focus on open domains, this study investigates the closed domain.
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Dharmakulaseelan, Laavanya, Bryan B. Franco, Matthew C. Cheung, Adam E. Haynes, Brian M. Wong, and Simron Singh. "Publication of quality improvement in medical oncology: A descriptive numerical summary from a scoping review." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 7_suppl (March 1, 2016): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.7_suppl.251.
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251 Background: Quality improvement (QI) is becoming a professional expectation and essential to medical oncology practice. A study of medical oncologists found that most QI interventions are not published, suggesting barriers to knowledge dissemination. We aim to describe the authors, settings of QI interventions, and publishing journals of scholarly QI literature. Methods: We conducted a scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's framework. A search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases found 48,186 unique English citations from January 2001 to August 2014. Two independent reviewers were responsible for screening the search results and 270 studies were included. Characteristics of first authors, settings of QI interventions, and publishing journals were charted. We used online search engines to find institutional profiles to obtain author and institutional information. A descriptive numerical summary analysis was used to summarize and report the results. Results: The number of QI publications has increased over time, with 60 between 2001 and 2006 and 199 from 2007 to 2013. The majority of first authors are clinicians (65%), of which 59% are physicians, 31% are nurses, and 5% are pharmacists. Furthermore, 27% of first authors are primarily researchers whereas 5% are solely administrators. In addition to professional degrees, having an advanced degree was common amongst clinicians (48% of physicians, 85% of nurses, 44% of pharmacists). Forty-four percent of interventions were conducted in settings affiliated with an academic institution, as opposed to community-based settings. Only 9% of articles were published in a quality of care focused journal. Conclusions: Our scoping review found that most first authors of QI interventions are clinicians, many with an advanced degree in academic settings (rather than community-based settings where most patients receive care). The lack of studies published in quality of care focused journals may result in lost opportunities for knowledge transfer. These findings suggest that more effective knowledge dissemination and increased support for QI studies are needed to further the science of quality and ultimately improve quality of care.
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Pestrikova, Tatyana Yu, and Elena A. Yurasova. "Vitamin-mineral complexes as a protector of obstetric and perinatal complications (review of literature)." Gynecology 21, no. 4 (August 15, 2019): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2019.4.190562.
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Relevance. Despite the achievements of modern medicine, the problem of reducing complications of the gestational period and perinatal outcomes still does not lose its relevance. Lack of security and/or unbalanced consumption of vital micronutrients are factors of constant negative impact on health, growth, development and formation of organs and systemogenesis in all age periods. Unbalanced nutrition, in particular vitamin deficiency conditions, is considered by the World Health Organization as a problem of starvation, which has a direct impact on the incidence and mortality of the population. Aim. Analysis of literary sources to identify the effect of vitamin-mineral complexes on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Materials and methods. To write this review, we searched for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search engines (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) over the past 30 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature. Results. The review addresses balanced nutrition for pregnant women who receive close attention throughout the world. The optimal provision of vitamins and minerals for women during the gestational period, when the need for essential micronutrients is significantly increased, is a prerequisite for the physiological course of pregnancy and the full development of the fetus. This is especially important in the conditions of the northern and equivalent territories. The need for vitamins in women during pregnancy and lactation increases by 1.5 times, due to the intensive work of the endocrine system of women, the transfer of some nutrients to the fetus. Deficiency of certain vitamins is a risk factor for the development of birth defects, premature birth, and the birth of children with low body weight. Conclusions. The domestic combined vitamin-mineral preparation with micro and macro elements was created specifically taking into account the changing needs of the woman’s body for vitamins and minerals at different stages of pregnancy. Compatibility of components in 1 tablet is provided by special production technology.
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Pestrikova, Tatyana Yu, and Elena A. Yurasova. "Vitamin-mineral complexes as a protector of obstetric and perinatal complications (review of literature)." Gynecology 21, no. 5 (October 15, 2019): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2019.5.190562.
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Relevance. Despite the achievements of modern medicine, the problem of reducing complications of the gestational period and perinatal outcomes still does not lose its relevance. Lack of security and/or unbalanced consumption of vital micronutrients are factors of constant negative impact on health, growth, development and formation of organs and systemogenesis in all age periods. Unbalanced nutrition, in particular vitamin deficiency conditions, is considered by the World Health Organization as a problem of starvation, which has a direct impact on the incidence and mortality of the population. Aim. Analysis of literary sources to identify the effect of vitamin-mineral complexes on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Materials and methods. To write this review, we searched for domestic and foreign publications in Russian and international search engines (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) over the past 30 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature. Results. The review addresses balanced nutrition for pregnant women who receive close attention throughout the world. The optimal provision of vitamins and minerals for women during the gestational period, when the need for essential micronutrients is significantly increased, is a prerequisite for the physiological course of pregnancy and the full development of the fetus. This is especially important in the conditions of the northern and equivalent territories. The need for vitamins in women during pregnancy and lactation increases by 1.5 times, due to the intensive work of the endocrine system of women, the transfer of some nutrients to the fetus. Deficiency of certain vitamins is a risk factor for the development of birth defects, premature birth, and the birth of children with low body weight. Conclusions. The domestic combined vitamin-mineral preparation with micro and macro elements was created specifically taking into account the changing needs of the woman’s body for vitamins and minerals at different stages of pregnancy. Compatibility of components in 1 tablet is provided by special production technology.
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Lee, Kyoung Suk, Yoo Mi Cho, Sung Hee Oh, Mi Sook Jung, and Ju Young Yoon. "Evaluation of the Heart Failure in Internet Patient Information: Descriptive Survey Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031047.
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Patients with heart failure (HF) may not receive enough HF education from their clinicians throughout the course of the illness. Given that information is readily accessible on the Internet, patients with HF may seek HF information online. However, the relevance of online information for patients, the health literacy demand, and quality of the information is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the HF topics available online with topics HF patients perceived to be important and to evaluate the health literacy demand and quality of online HF information. The most popular search engines and a website that ranks the popularity of the websites were searched to identify websites with HF information. The health literacy demand and quality of the information were evaluated using the Patient Education Material Evaluation Tool for Print Materials and the DISCERN tool, respectively. First, the HF Patients’ Learning Needs Inventory (HFPLNI) was used to determine whether the websites included the 46 topics identified in this inventory. Patients with HF (n = 126) then completed the HFPLNI to rate the perceived importance on each topic. A chi-square test was used to compare the differences between the topics on the websites and those patients perceived to be important. Of the 46 topics, 39 were less likely to be included on the websites even though patients perceived that they were important topics. Information on the websites (n = 99) was not written could not be easily understood by patients and did not meet the overall health literacy demands of 58.0% and 19.8% of the patients, respectively. Only one-fifth of the websites were rated as fair to good quality. Online HF information had high health literacy demand and was poor quality with mostly generic HF information, which did not meet patients’ information needs. Websites need to be developed reflecting patients’ learning needs with low health literacy demand and good quality.
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Uronen, L., H. Moen, S. Teperi, K.-P. Martimo, J. Hartiala, and S. Salanterä. "Towards automated detection of psychosocial risk factors with text mining." Occupational Medicine 70, no. 3 (February 22, 2020): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqaa022.
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Abstract Background Psychosocial risk factors influence early retirement and absence from work. Health checks by occupational health nurses (OHNs) may prevent deterioration of work ability. Health checks are documented electronically mostly as free text, and therefore the effect of psychological risk factors on working capacity is difficult to detect. Aims To evaluate the potential of text mining for automated early detection of psychosocial risk factors by examining health check free-text documentation, which may indicate medical statements recommending early retirement, prolonged sick leave or rehabilitation. Psychosocial risk factors were extracted from OHN documentation in a nationwide occupational health care registry. Methods Analysis of health check documentation and medical statements regarding pension, sick leave and rehabilitation. Annotations of 13 psychosocial factors based on the Prima-EF standard (PAS 1010) were used with a combination of unsupervised machine learning, a document search engine and manual filtering. Results Health check documentation was analysed for 7078 employees. In 83% of their health checks, psychosocial risk factors were mentioned. All of these occurred more frequently in the group that received medical statements for pension, rehabilitation or sick leave than the group that did not receive medical statement. Documentation of career development and work control indicated future loss of work ability. Conclusions This study showed that it was possible to detect risk factors for sick leave, rehabilitation and pension from free-text documentation of health checks. It is suggested to develop a text mining tool to automate the detection of psychosocial risk factors at an early stage.
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Merkley, Cari. "Individuals with Chronic Conditions Want More Guidance from Health Professionals in Finding Quality Online Health Sources." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 11, no. 2 (June 20, 2016): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8mp6h.
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Objective – To explore how and when individuals with chronic health conditions seek out health information online, and the challenges they encounter when doing so.
Design – Qualitative study employing thematic analysis.
Setting – Urban Western Australia.
Subjects – 17 men and women between 19 and 85 years of age with at least 1 chronic health condition.
Methods – Participants were recruited in late 2013 at nine local pharmacies, through local radio, media channels, and a university's social media channels. Participants were adult English speakers who had looked for information on their chronic health condition(s) using the Internet. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with each participant, audio recorded, and transcribed. The transcripts were coded in QSR Nvivo using two different processes – an initial data-driven inductive approach to coding, followed by a theory driven analysis of the data.
Main Results – Three major themes emerged: trust, patient activation, and relevance. Many of the participants expressed trust both in health professionals and in the efficacy of search engines like Google. However, there was uncertainty about the quality of some of the health information sources found. Searching for information online was seen by some participants as a way to feel more empowered about their condition(s) and treatment, but they reported frustration in finding information that was relevant to their specific condition(s) given the volume of information available. Low health literacy emerged in participant interviews as an intrinsic barrier to effective online searches for health information, along with low patient motivation and lack of time. The many extrinsic barriers identified included difficulty determining the quality of information found, the accessibility of the information (e.g., journal paywalls), and poor relationships with health care providers.
Conclusion – Individuals look for online health information to help manage their chronic illnesses, but their ability to do so is influenced by their levels of health literacy and other external barriers to effective online navigation. Consumers may prefer to receive recommendations from health professionals for high quality health websites rather than training in how to navigate and identify these resources themselves.
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Yang, Wenhsien. "A diachronic keyword analysis in research article titles and cited article titles in applied linguistics from 1990 to 2016." English Text Construction 12, no. 1 (May 27, 2019): 84–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.00019.yan.
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Abstract Due to the competitiveness in academic publication and the emerging heavy reliance on Internet search engines to expand visibility and readership and to promote publications, writing an attractive and appropriate research article title is essential. In addition, titles may be the first aspect of papers evaluated by journal editors in their screening of submissions in order to meet the requirements of the target audience. These demands call for the use of various academic writing skills, and thus make writing titles challenging. Research on structuring journal article titles has been extensively conducted across disciplines, but what keywords (i.e. lexical items highly distinctive of the titles) are employed to reflect current knowledge and receive high citations is still under-researched. To bridge this gap, the present corpus-driven research collected and investigated titles written in leading applied linguistics journals over 25 years to identify their keywords. These were compared to different time spans to study the significance and relevance of the domain knowledge. The most frequently cited articles were also selected to study how their titles relate to keyword use and to investigate their impact on the domain knowledge. The results reveal that keywords vary in accordance with the research trends over time. In addition, while titles are becoming longer, more keywords are employed by authors in order to expand the paper’s visibility and enhance the citations. The pedagogical implications for teaching academic writing, and suggestions for researching this appendant genre are provided.
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Storick, Virginia, Aoife O’Herlihy, Sarah Abdelhafeez, Rakesh Ahmed, and Peter May. "Improving palliative care with machine learning and routine data: a rapid review." HRB Open Research 2 (August 12, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.12923.2.
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Introduction: Improving palliative care is a priority worldwide as this population experiences poor outcomes and accounts disproportionately for costs. In clinical practice, physician judgement is the core method of identifying palliative care needs but has important limitations. Machine learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence advancing capacity to identify patterns and make predictions using large datasets. ML has the potential to improve clinical decision-making and policy design, but there has been no systematic assembly of current evidence. Methods: We conducted a rapid review, searching systematically seven databases from inception to December 31st, 2018: EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, WOS, SCOPUS and ECONLIT. We included peer-reviewed studies that used ML approaches on routine data to improve palliative care for adults. Our specified outcomes were survival, quality of life (QoL), place of death, costs, and receipt of high-intensity treatment near end of life. We did not search grey literature. Results: The database search identified 426 citations. We discarded 162 duplicates and screened 264 unique title/abstracts, of which 22 were forwarded for full text review. Three papers were included, 18 papers were excluded and one full text was sought but unobtainable. One paper predicted six-month mortality, one paper predicted 12-month mortality and one paper cross-referenced predicted 12-month mortality with healthcare spending. ML-informed models outperformed logistic regression in predicting mortality where data inputs were relatively strong, but those using only basic administrative data had limited benefit from ML. Identifying poor prognosis does not appear effective in tackling high costs associated with serious illness. Conclusion: While ML can in principle help to identify those at risk of adverse outcomes and inappropriate treatment, applications to policy and practice are formative. Future research must not only expand scope to other outcomes and longer timeframes, but also engage with individual preferences and ethical challenges.
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Nelson, Michelle LA, Alana Armas, Rachel Thombs, Hardeep Singh, Joseph Fulton, Heather V. Cunningham, Sarah Munce, Sander Hitzig, and Janet Prvu Bettger. "Synthesising evidence regarding hospital to home transitions supported by volunteers of third sector organisations: a scoping review protocol." BMJ Open 11, no. 7 (July 2021): e050479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050479.
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IntroductionGiven the risks inherent in care transitions, it is imperative that patients discharged from hospital to home receive the integrated care services necessary to ensure a successful transition. Despite efforts by the healthcare sector to develop health system solutions to improve transitions, problems persist. Research on transitional support has predominantly focused on services delivered by healthcare professionals; the evidence for services provided by lay navigators or volunteers in this context has not been synthesised. This scoping review will map the available literature on the engagement of volunteers within third sector organisations supporting adults in the transition from hospital to home.Methods and analysisUsing the well-established scoping review methodology outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute, a five-stage review is outlined: (1) determining the research question, (2) search strategy, (3) inclusion criteria, (4) data extraction and (5) analysis and presentation of the results. The search strategy will be applied to 10 databases reflecting empirical and grey literature. A two-stage screening process will be used to determine eligibility of articles. To be included in the review, articles must describe a community-based programme delivered by a third sector organisation that engages volunteers in the provisions of services that support adults transitioning from hospital to home. All articles will be independently assessed for eligibility, and data from eligible articles will be extracted and charted using a standardised form. Extracted data will be analysed using narrative and descriptive analyses.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this scoping review. Members of an international special interest group focused on the voluntary sector will be consulted to provide insight and feedback on study findings, help with dissemination of the results and engage in the development of future research proposals. Dissemination activities will include peer-reviewed publications and academic presentations.
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Erskine, Natalie, and Sharief Hendricks. "The Use of Twitter by Medical Journals: Systematic Review of the Literature." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 7 (July 28, 2021): e26378. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26378.
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Background Medical journals use Twitter to engage and disseminate their research articles and implement a range of strategies to maximize reach and impact. Objective This study aims to systematically review the literature to synthesize and describe the different Twitter strategies used by medical journals and their effectiveness on journal impact and readership metrics. Methods A systematic search of the literature before February 2020 in four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect) was conducted. Articles were reviewed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. Results The search identified 44 original research studies that evaluated Twitter strategies implemented by medical journals and analyzed the relationship between Twitter metrics and alternative and citation-based metrics. The key findings suggest that promoting publications on Twitter improves citation-based and alternative metrics for academic medical journals. Moreover, implementing different Twitter strategies maximizes the amount of attention that publications and journals receive. The four key Twitter strategies implemented by many medical journals are tweeting the title and link of the article, infographics, podcasts, and hosting monthly internet-based journal clubs. Each strategy was successful in promoting the publications. However, different metrics were used to measure success. Conclusions Four key Twitter strategies are implemented by medical journals: tweeting the title and link of the article, infographics, podcasts, and hosting monthly internet-based journal clubs. In this review, each strategy was successful in promoting publications but used different metrics to measure success. Thus, it is difficult to conclude which strategy is most effective. In addition, the four strategies have different costs and effects on dissemination and readership. We recommend that journals and researchers incorporate a combination of Twitter strategies to maximize research impact and capture audiences with a variety of learning methods.
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Shoaib, Shameen, Syed Wahajuddin, Sobia Majeed, Sobia Naseem Siddiqui, Afsheen Shoaib, Fauzia Hashmi, Muhammad Jamaluddin, and Syed Khurram Fareed. "Safety Measures for Operating Team and Operation Theater During the Current Scenario of COVID-19." BioSight 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/bios.v1i2.10.
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The COVID-19 has become a major threat to Pakistan and worldwide, and has become a significant issue for global health, economy and societies. This rapid spread was occurred from Wuhan, China to most of the part of the world. To elaborate the concept and recommendations regarding the safety precautions in operation theater (O.T) and inside associated team during the current scenario of COVID-19. Many research and review articles were studied to collect information about Covid-19 and strategies published in various journals using the search engine, PubMed and Medline. The COVID-19 has significantly changed all aspects of daily life around the world since very start of this year 2020. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), a novel corona virus, has been infected many healthcare workers. In this perspective, hospitals need a strategy to manage their resources, staff and supplies so that patients receive optimal treatment. A decision tree algorithm was developed that defined the recommendations for safety measures in operation theater and operating procedures, these include identifying and developing an isolation room, administrative measures such as transformations in working flow and procedures, introducing personal protective equipment for the employees and formulating anesthetic clinical guidelines. These control actions are essential to enhance the excellence of care provided to COVID-19 patients and to minimize the risk of spread to other patients or staff. The operating room is a dynamic environment with numerous staff like anesthesiologists, physicians, nurses, O.T attendants and technicians; however, we agree that the containment steps are important in order to improve the standard of treatment provided to COVID-19 patients and to minimize the chance of viral spread to patients other than COVID-19 and hospital staff.
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Lee, R., J. Mcdonagh, M. Connelly, S. Peters, and L. Cordingley. "POS1490-HPR “WHERE DOES IT HURT?”: IDENTIFYING PAIN CONTENT AND ITS CONTEXT WITHIN PAEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT RHEUMATOLOGY TRAINING." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 1029.2–1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.210.
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Background:Complex pain symptoms present across a wide spectrum of long-term musculoskeletal conditions in paediatric rheumatology. Pain training should therefore be part of a core curriculum for the professionals working in this speciality, but it is unclear to what extent this is the case currently.Objectives:To identify the extent of pain-specific content included in the training of healthcare professionals in paediatric and adolescent rheumatology in the UK.Methods:A systematic search of documental data using key internet search engines was conducted using combinations of the following terms: ‘training’, ‘curriculum’, ‘competency’, ‘paediatric’, ‘adolescent’ and ‘rheumatology’. A targeted search of online content from the main professional organisations followed; doctors (Royal College of Paediatric and Child Health [RCPCH]), nurses (Royal College of Nursing [RCN]), physiotherapists (Chartered Society of Physiotherapy), occupational therapists (Royal College of Occupational Therapists) and psychologists (British Psychological Society). Documents from professional learned societies such as The British Society of Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology (BSPAR) and The Scottish Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology Network (SPARN) were also included. Document search strategies were designed by the authors in partnership with healthcare professionals. Data were extracted and analysed following a summative content analysis. Pain-related terms were quantified. Latent content was interpreted qualitatively to explore the context in which pain-related phrases were presented.Results:Nine documents were identified. Pain-related terms represented 0.17% of all words across texts (used 55 times in total). Most pain terms were found in documents aimed at doctors (n=40, 72.7%). Of the pain terms used, most were used in the context of referring to specific pain syndromes such as chronic regional pain, generalized idiopathic pain and pain amplification. Content around the assessment and management of pain was vague and no detail was given as to how health professionals should perform these tasks. There was no reference to pain intensity, location or emotion. There were several problematic conceptual issues in the way pain was presented, with pain mostly portrayed either in the context of inflammatory or non-inflammatory pain and rarely in the context of both. Musculoskeletal pain was also positioned as a ‘somatic’ symptom, potentially conveying an interpretation of pain as being psychologically mediated.Conclusion:Training for healthcare professionals in paediatric rheumatology would benefit from updates informed by contemporary pain theories and evidence-based practices. This is key to ensuring that children and young people with chronic pain receive effective pain care from tertiary care services focused on treating musculoskeletal disease.Table 1.Documents and pain terms identifiedProfessionTitleOrganisations, year.% of document covered by pain termsDoctorsGeneric syllabus level 1.RCPCH, 2018.0.14%DoctorsGeneric syllabus level 2.RCPCH, 2018.0.14%DoctorsGeneric syllabus level 3.RCPCH, 2018.0.06%DoctorsPaediatric rheumatology level 3.RCPCH, 2018.0.48%DoctorsCompetencies for the special interest module in paediatric rheumatologyRCPCH, 2014.0.43%NursesCompetencies for rheumatology nurses.RCN, 2020.0.05%NursesCompetencies for clinical nurse specialists/advanced nurse practitioners.BSPAR, 2014.0.29%NursesRole of the paediatric rheumatology nurse.SPARN, 2016.0%Allied Health Professionals (AHPs)Competencies for AHPsBSPAR, 2019.0.73%Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Storick, Virginia, Aoife O’Herlihy, Sarah Abdelhafeez, Rakesh Ahmed, and Peter May. "Improving palliative and end-of-life care with machine learning and routine data: a rapid review." HRB Open Research 2 (July 15, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.12923.1.
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Introduction: Improving end-of-life (EOL) care is a priority worldwide as this population experiences poor outcomes and accounts disproportionately for costs. In clinical practice, physician judgement is the core method of identifying EOL care needs but has important limitations. Machine learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence advancing capacity to identify patterns and make predictions using large datasets. ML approaches have the potential to improve clinical decision-making and policy design, but there has been no systematic assembly of current evidence. Methods: We conducted a rapid review, searching systematically seven databases from inception to December 31st, 2018: EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, WOS, SCOPUS and ECONLIT. We included peer-reviewed studies that used ML approaches on routine data to improve palliative and EOL care for adults. Our specified outcomes were survival, quality of life (QoL), place of death, costs, and receipt of high-intensity treatment near end of life. We did not search grey literature and excluded material that was not a peer-reviewed article. Results: The database search identified 426 citations. We discarded 162 duplicates and screened 264 unique title/abstracts, of which 22 were forwarded for full text review. Three papers were included, 18 papers were excluded and one full text was sought but unobtainable. One paper predicted six-month mortality, one paper predicted 12-month mortality and one paper cross-referenced predicted 12-month mortality with healthcare spending. ML-informed models outperformed logistic regression in predicting mortality but poor prognosis is a weak driver of costs. Models using only routine administrative data had limited benefit from ML methods. Conclusion: While ML can in principle help to identify those at risk of adverse outcomes and inappropriate treatment near EOL, applications to policy and practice are formative. Future research must not only expand scope to other outcomes and longer timeframes, but also engage with individual preferences and ethical challenges.
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Li, R., Y. Shen, W. Huang, and H. Wu. "REGIONAL WEBGIS USER ACCESS PATTERNS BASED ON A WEIGHTED BIPARTITE NETWORK." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-4/W2 (July 10, 2015): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-4-w2-137-2015.
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With the rapid development of geographic information services, Web Geographic Information Systems (WebGIS) have become an indispensable part of everyday life; correspondingly, map search engines have become extremely popular with users and WebGIS sites receive a massive volume of requests for access. These WebGIS users and the content accessed have regional characteristics; to understand regional patterns, we mined regional WebGIS user access patterns based on a weighted bipartite network. We first established a weighted bipartite network model for regional user access to a WebGIS. Then, based on the massive user WebGIS access logs, we clustered geographic information accessed and thereby identified hot access areas. Finally we quantitatively analyzed the access interests of regional users and the visitation volume characteristics of regional user access to these hot access areas in terms of user access permeability, user usage rate, and user access viscosity. Our research results show that regional user access to WebGIS is spatially aggregated, and the hot access areas that regional users accessed are associated with specific periods of time. Most regional user contact with hot accessed areas is variable and intermittent but for some users, their access to certain areas is continuous as it is associated with ongoing or recurrent objectives. The weighted bipartite network model for regional user WebGIS access provides a valid analysis method for studying user behaviour in WebGIS and the proposed access pattern exhibits access interest of regional user is spatiotemporal aggregated and presents a heavy-tailed distribution. Understanding user access patterns is good for WebGIS providers and supports better operational decision-making, and helpful for developers when optimizing WebGIS system architecture and deployment, so as to improve the user experience and to expand the popularity of WebGIS.
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van der Laken, Paul, Marloes van Engen, Marc van Veldhoven, and Jaap Paauwe. "Expatriate support and success." Journal of Global Mobility: The Home of Expatriate Management Research 4, no. 4 (December 12, 2016): 408–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgm-11-2015-0057.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review empirical research on the relationship between organization-based social support and the success of international assignments (IAs). Design/methodology/approach Four search engines were used to obtain empirical studies relating organization-based social support to success criteria. Studies were compared based on type of theoretical foundation, criteria of success, source of social support and study design. Findings The reviewed studies draw on three theoretical paradigms – based on stress, social capital and relational exchange. The results demonstrate that expatriates receive social support from multiple organization-based sources and that these sources’ proximity to the expatriate influences the relationship between social support and success. Regarding geographical proximity, sources in the home and host countries fulfil different supportive functions and therefore stimulate different success criteria. Additionally, the success criteria stimulated by organizational support depend on the type of supportive practices offered. The impact of support from organizational members is further influenced by their hierarchical proximity to the expatriate, with supervisory support relating most strongly to success. In addition to proximity, characteristics of the expatriating employee and the assignment (e.g. expatriate motivation and assignment hardship) influence the value of social support. Finally, social support relates most strongly to expatriates’ satisfaction, commitment, and adjustment and these frequently mediate its effect on expatriates’ retention and performance. Research limitations/implications Although only organization-based sources were considered, this review demonstrates that a multidimensional perspective is warranted when examining the effects of social support during IAs. Practical implications This review provides insights into the ways organizations could and should assist (self-initiated) expatriates when aiming for specific outcomes. Originality/value This in-depth examination of social support in the work environment of expatriates combines several theoretical paradigms and investigates multiple criteria of success.