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Tsuang, Wayne M., Songhua Lin, Maryam Valapour, Belinda L. Udeh, Marie Budev, and Jesse D. Schold. "The Association Between Lung Recipient Travel Distance and Posttransplant Survival." Progress in Transplantation 28, no. 3 (2018): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1526924818781570.
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Introduction: Recipient travel distance may be an unrecognized burden in lung transplantation. Design: Retrospective single-center cohort study of all adult (≥18 years) first-time lung-only transplants from January 1, 2010, until February 28, 2017. Recipient distance to transplant center was calculated using the linear distance from the recipient’s home zip code to the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio. Results: 569 recipients met inclusion criteria. Posttransplant graft survival was 85%, 88%, 91%, and 91% at 1 year and 49%, 52%, 57%, and 56% at 5 years posttransplant for recipient travel distances of ≤50, >50 to ≤250, >250 to ≤500, and >500 miles, respectively ( P = .10). Discussion: We found no significant relationship between recipient travel distance and posttransplant graft survival. In carefully selected recipients, travel distance is not a significant barrier to successful posttransplant outcomes which may be important for patient decision-making and donor allocation policy. These data should be validated in a national cohort.
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Winner, Tobias, Luc Selen, Anke Murillo Oosterwijk, et al. "Recipient Design in Communicative Pointing." Cognitive Science 43, no. 5 (2019): e12733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cogs.12733.
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Newman-Norlund, Sarah E., Matthijs L. Noordzij, Roger D. Newman-Norlund, et al. "Recipient design in tacit communication." Cognition 111, no. 1 (2009): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2008.12.004.
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Bavelas, Janet, Christine Kenwood, Trudy Johnson, and Bruce Phillips. "An experimental study of when and how speakers use gestures to communicate." Gesture 2, no. 1 (2002): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.2.1.02bav.
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This experiment expanded the visual availability paradigm by subsuming it under the broader principle of recipient design. We varied recipient design by asking speakers to describe a picture to someone who would see a videotape of their description or only hear an audiotape. Second, speakers described pictures that varied in verbal encodability. Finally, in addition to gestural rate, we analysed the redundancy of gestures with words. The results (N = 40) confirmed our predictions that speakers gesture at a higher rate and use a higher proportion of nonredundant gestures when their recipient would see their videotape; that they also use more nonredundant gestures when describing a picture for which they have a poor vocabulary; and that these two factors interact to produce the strongest effects when vocabulary is limited and the recipient would see the videotape. These effects support the hypothesis that speakers design their gestures to communicate to recipients.
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Zhang, Can, Atalay Atasu, Turgay Ayer, and L. Beril Toktay. "Truthful Mechanisms for Medical Surplus Product Allocation." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 22, no. 4 (2020): 735–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2018.0770.
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Problem definition: We analyze a resource allocation problem faced by medical surplus recovery organizations (MSROs) that recover medical surplus products to fulfill the needs of underserved healthcare facilities in developing countries. The objective of this study is to identify implementable strategies to support recipient selection decisions to improve MSROs’ value provision capability. Academic/practical relevance: MSRO supply chains face several challenges that differ from those in traditional for-profit settings, and there is a lack of both academic and practical understanding of how to better match supply with demand in this setting where recipient needs are typically private information. Methodology: We propose a mechanism design approach to determine which recipient to serve at each shipping opportunity based on recipients’ reported preference rankings of different products. Results: We find that when MSRO inventory information is shared with recipients, the only truthful mechanism is random selection among recipients, which defeats the purpose of eliciting information. Subsequently, we show that (1) eliminating inventory information provision enlarges the set of truthful mechanisms, thereby increasing the total value provision; and (2) further withholding information regarding other recipients leads to an additional increase in total value provision. Finally, we show that under a class of implementable mechanisms, eliciting recipient valuations has no value added beyond eliciting preference rankings. Managerial implications: (1) MSROs with large recipient bases and low inventory levels can significantly improve their value provision by appropriately determining the recipients to serve through a simple scoring mechanism; (2) to truthfully elicit recipient needs information to support the recipient selection decisions, MSROs should withhold inventory and recipient-base information; and (3) under a set of easy-to-implement scoring mechanisms, it is sufficient for MSROs to elicit recipients’ preference ranking information. Our findings have already led to a change in the practice of an award-winning MSRO.
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Gershon, Rachel, Cynthia Cryder, and Leslie K. John. "Why Prosocial Referral Incentives Work: The Interplay of Reputational Benefits and Action Costs." Journal of Marketing Research 57, no. 1 (2019): 156–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022243719888440.
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Selfish incentives typically outperform prosocial incentives, and customer referral programs frequently use such “selfish” (i.e., sender-benefiting) incentives to incentivize current customers to recruit new customers. However, in two field experiments and a fully incentivized lab experiment, this research finds that “prosocial” (i.e., recipient-benefiting) referral incentives recruit more new customers. Five subsequent experiments test a process account for this effect, identifying two key psychological mechanisms: reputational benefits and action costs. First, at the referral stage, senders (existing customers) anticipate reputational benefits for referring recipients (potential new customers), who receive a reward for signing up. These reputational benefits render recipient-benefiting referrals just as effective as sender-benefiting referrals at the relatively low-cost referral stage. Second, at the uptake stage, recipient-benefiting referrals are more effective than sender-benefiting referrals: recipient-benefiting referrals directly incentivize recipients to sign up, providing a clear reward for an otherwise costly uptake decision. The preponderance of selfish, or sender-benefiting, referral incentives in the marketplace suggests these effects are unanticipated by marketers who design incentive schemes.
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Pillet-Shore, Danielle. "Greeting: Displaying Stance Through Prosodic Recipient Design." Research on Language & Social Interaction 45, no. 4 (2012): 375–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2012.724994.
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Wakefield, Gregory H., Wendy S. Parkinson, Sean Lineaweaver, and Chris van den Honert. "Recipient-directed design of speech processor MAPs." International Congress Series 1273 (November 2004): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ics.2004.09.003.
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Ahmad, Ahmad Bayiz, Bangcheng Liu, and Atif Saleem Butt. "Scale development and construct clarification of change recipient proactivity." Personnel Review 49, no. 8 (2020): 1619–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-02-2019-0091.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a standardized, psychometrically sound instrument for the emerging construct of change recipient proactivity (CRP), using a deductive approach. Design/methodology/approach Using a systematic item-development framework as a guide (i.e. item generation, questionnaire administration, item reduction and scale evaluation) and based on a sample of 414 white-collar employees, this paper discusses the development and validation of an instrument that can be used to measure change recipient’s proactive behavioral responses to planned change efforts. Findings Results suggest that our proposed CRP scale is internally consistent (reliable) and valid in that it is conceptually distinct from, yet empirically correlated with neighboring constructs such as affective commitment to change, readiness for change and proactive personality. Research limitations/implications The findings illustrate that change recipients can demonstrate proactive behaviors in response to change efforts. However, this study’s contribution is only a first step, requiring further theoretical and methodological refinement of the scale in different contexts. Originality/value The deductive nature of our study resulted in a comprehensive and domain-specific scale assessing recipients’ proactive responses to organizational change efforts. This opens doors to empirical studies on examining the conditions under which change recipients “may” step outside the boundaries of passivity to respond positively and proactivity to organizational change efforts.
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Markey, Kate A., Rachel D. Kuns, Renee J. Robb, et al. "Recipient CD8+ DC Delete Alloreactive Donor CTL and Promote Leukemic Relapse after Allogeneic BMT." Blood 126, no. 23 (2015): 4279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4279.4279.
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Abstract Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) remains the therapy of choice for many haematological malignancies, but despite the curative benefit of the immunological graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect, relapse remains a key cause of death. We have investigated the role of recipient dendritic cells (DC) in antigen presentation to donor CD8 cytotoxic T cells (CTL) in a model of BMT where GVHD and GVL are directed to multiple minor histocompatibility antigens (mHA) and survival reflects GVL activity. C3H.Sw bone marrow and purified CD8 T cell grafts were transplanted with B6-derived MLL-AF9 induced primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) into lethally irradiated B6.CD11c.DOG recipients (diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR), ovalbumin and GFP expression driven off the CD11c promoter) such that recipient DC can be deleted by DT administration. Surprisingly, depletion of recipient DC resulted in improved leukemic control (median survival 43 vs 31 days, P <0.001). The use of IRF8-/- BMT recipients (in which the CD8+ DC subset is absent) confirmed that recipient CD8+ DC were critical for regulating these GVL effects (median survival 43 vs 34 days, P = 0.0005). Conversely, when recipient CD8+ DC were expanded in a B6 to B6D2F1 model with bcr-abl/Nup98-HoxA9 induced primary AML, by using Flt3-L treatment for 10 days prior to BMT, GVL effects were completely eliminated, rendering relapse rate equivalent to that seen in the recipients of T cell depleted (TCD) grafts (median survival 11 days in BM+T and TCD groups where recipients were pre-treated with Flt3-L, vs. >45 days in the saline treated BM+T group). The use of B6.CD11c-Rac1 transgenic BMT recipients (who cannot process and present exogenously acquired antigen) confirmed that this effect was the result of endogenous alloantigen presentation by recipient DC and independent of cross-presentation.Using the same depletion strategies in an antigen-specific model (with donor OT-I T cells and B6.CD11c.DOG x DBA/2 F1 recipients) we confirmed that recipient DC invoked effector donor CTL activation, differentiation (CD25+ CD69+ CD62L-) and subsequent apoptosis (as measured by Annexin V; 52.4% vs. 23.9% in DC replete vs. depleted recipients, P = 0.01). There was a consequent profound contraction of the donor CTL compartment by day 10 in DC replete recipients. This contraction of the CTL compartment was associated with reduced expression of the cytolytic molecule granzyme B (MFI 1922 vs 1097, P = 0.02). Antigen presentation has a critical role in the initiation of donor T cell alloreactivity and GVL after BMT. Here we demonstrate that endogenous alloantigen presentation by recipient CD8+ DC to donor T cells leads to activation induced death of donor CTL early after BMT, which in turn facilitates leukemic relapse. This concept has critical implications for the design of therapies that target DC in the peri-transplant period and confirms that recipient DC regulate GVL effects. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Stommel, Wyke. "Salutations, closings and pronouns: Some aspects of recipient design in online counselling." Communication and Medicine 9, no. 2 (2013): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cam.v9i2.145.
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This article examines recipient design in online counselling. Recipient design has been found to be an important aspect of professional-client interaction (Heritage 2002; Wilkinson 2011). It essentially means that professionals devise their talk for the specific client, which is crucial for building the counselling relationship. This article focuses on the ways in which counsellors and clients design their salutations, closings and pronoun address forms in e-mail with the recipient in mind. It is known that second person pronouns (in languages with informal vs. formal pronouns) invoke a certain social distance between the participants and that greetings play an important role in establishing social relations in e-mail. The analysis, informed by conversation analysis, revealed that while counsellors initially use a formal recipient design in the e-mails, clients frequently use informal salutations, closings and/or the informal second person pronoun (T) to reduce the social distance to the counsellor. Rarely, they also directly request to be addressed more informally. Another finding is that counsellors sometimes fail to recipient-design their e-mails, which seems related to the use of prefabricated text or ‘forgetting’ which client preferred which recipient design.
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Gupta, Sanjay, Harvey M. Rappaport, and Lonnie T. Bennett. "Polypharmacy among Nursing Home Geriatric Medicaid Recipients." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 30, no. 9 (1996): 946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809603000905.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors that influence the number of different drugs prescribed to geriatric Medicaid recipients residing in Louisiana's intermediate care facilities I (ICFs I). DESIGN: Observational and cross-sectional with descriptive and analytic components. PARTICIPANTS: All geriatric Medicaid recipients in Louisiana ICFs I during 1994 (n= 19 932). METHODS: Relevant data on sex, age, race, geographic region of a recipient, number of prescribing physicians, number of pharmacies used, and the number of drugs prescribed to a recipient were extracted from the state Medicaid files. Frequencies for the seven study variables were calculated. Regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of the six predictor variables on the number of drugs prescribed. RESULTS: The study population was 73.63% women, 60.07% 81 years of age and older, 70.65% white, 23.21% African-American, 6.14% other races, and 29.83% from predominantly rural north Louisiana. A total of 44.60% of the residents received prescriptions from one physician, 8.41% of the residents were single pharmacy users, and 45.65% were prescribed more than 10 drugs during the year. The regression model accounted for 20.53% of the total variation in the number of drugs prescribed to a recipient. Race, geographic region, number of prescribing physicians, and number of pharmacies used by a recipient influenced the number of drugs prescribed. CONCLUSIONS: To reduce the number of drugs prescribed and polypharmacy among geriatric Medicaid recipients, Louisiana's ICFs I should minimize the number of physicians and pharmacies used in this population.
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Noh, Hyunjin, Lewis Lee, and Chorong Won. "Association Between Caregivers’ and Care-Recipients’ Advance Care Planning: An Exploratory Study." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 416–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1343.
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Abstract Research on advance care planning (ACP) has highlighted major contributors to the completion of ACP documents. One of such contributors is knowledge about ACP, such as an advance directive or living will (LW). This study aims to 1) understand the initial exposure to ACP knowledge among informal caregivers’ of chronically or seriously ill older adults and to 2) explore an association between caregivers’ advance care planning and that of their care-recipients. Forty-four primary caregivers of cognitively impaired older adults were recruited at various community settings. A mixed-method design was used to qualitatively interview each participant face-to-face about his or her initial experience with ACP and to quantitatively ask if the participant completed a LW and if the care-recipient completed one as well. Qualitative content analysis of participant responses revealed that their initial experiences with ACP were mostly through their care-recipients, such as the care-recipient’s ACP in previous hospitalizations or legal consultations. Chi-square test for independence was conducted to explore whether there is an association between caregivers’ LW completion and that of care-recipients. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the two variables: χ2 (1, n = 44) = 8.84, p &lt; .001, φ = .49. These findings suggest that secondary experiences with close one’s ACP may serve as facilitator to one’s ACP completion. Therefore, efforts to promote ACP should target a caregiver and care-recipient dyad so that caregivers as well as care-recipients may learn about and complete ACP documents.
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Kim, Hyeon-Cheol, and Jae-Yeob Jeong. "Effect of celebrity endorsement in marketing of musicals: Poster versus social networking site." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 44, no. 8 (2016): 1243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2016.44.8.1243.
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We investigated the effect of the message sender, communication type, and recipient's involvement in the marketing of a musical show. This study had a 2 (sender: celebrity vs. noncelebrity) × 2 (communication type: poster advertisement vs. Twitter word-of-mouth [WOM]) × 2 (recipient involvement: high vs. low) design. Data were collected from 259 Korean university students. Results showed that a celebrity poster advertisement had a more positive effect on consumer attitude than did a noncelebrity poster advertisement. In contrast, with Twitter WOM, the noncelebrity message sender was more effective in eliciting a positive response from consumers. The interaction of sender, communication type, and recipient involvement for musical ticket purchase intention was significant. Our findings will help marketers strategically allocate resources, as the effect of celebrity endorsement differed according to communication type and recipient characteristics. Specifically, in the social networking site promotion condition, the similarity or social connection between the message sender and recipient was more influential than was the power of a celebrity to attract consumers.
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Zhang, Jin, and Lijun Zhao. "Interactive effects of appeal type and social distance on helping intention." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 45, no. 5 (2017): 785–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6070.
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We examined the interplay of appeal type and social distance in prosocial behavior in 3 studies. Results of Study 1, which was a single-factor design, showed that participants (n = 85) were more likely to evaluate the impact of their help on recipients when they were socially distant than when they were socially close. Results of Study 2 (n = 250) and Study 3 (n = 162), each of which was a 2 (appeal type: significance appeal vs. control appeal) × 2 (social distance: high vs. low) between-subjects design, showed that when the helper and recipient were socially distant, appeals that emphasized the significance of the help to the recipient increased helping intention, because there was a greater likelihood that the favor would be returned. However, such effect was mitigated when the social distance was small. Results suggest that the principles that are applied in interaction with others vary according to social distance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Roberts, Russell D. "Recipient Preferences and the Design of Government Transfer Programs." Journal of Law and Economics 28, no. 1 (1985): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/467074.
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Huang, Ke Wang. "Design of a New Internet of Things Storage Mailbox System." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 2841–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.2841.
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The paper focuses on design of the internet of things storage mailbox system. The system uses RFID technology and compatible one-dimensional barcode to shield the personal information of the sender and the recipient. It manages the authentication of the user, the parcel, the courier and the storage mailbox remotely. And sending and receiving the parcel is not face-to-face handover. The system monitors the process of sending and receiving so as to ensure that the parcel will be sent to the recipient accurately and efficiently. The use of the system will avoid malicious parcel and waste parcel appearing.
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Fontes, Pedro Levy Piza, Nicola Oosthuizen, Francine M. Ciriaco, et al. "378 Awardee Talk - Impact of fetal versus maternal contributions of Bos indicus and Bos taurus genetics on embryonic and fetal development." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (2019): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.291.
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Abstract To evaluate how the inclusion of Bos indicus genotype influences early fetal development in cattle, a reciprocal embryo transfer approach was used in a completely randomized design with a 2×2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments in order to generate 55 pregnancies (n = 55). Recipient cows were randomly assigned to 1) a diet that met daily energy maintenance requirements (MAINT), or 2) a diet that restricted intake to 70% of the energy maintenance requirements (RESTR). Angus (AN) and Brangus (BN) embryo donors were superovulated and artificially inseminated with female sexed-sorted semen from the same breed. Embryos were then randomly transferred to either AN or BN recipients fed their respective diets for 28d. Recipients remained on the dietary scheme until d91 of gestation, and were then comingled and fed a common diet that met their requirements. Measurements included pregnancy establishment at d28 of gestation, pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG; using 2 commercial [A1 and A2] and 1 in-house assay), and fetal size (CRL). Recipients in the RESTR diet had lower BW and BCS (diet×day; P &lt; 0.01) than MAINT recipients. Energy-restricted AN recipients experienced greater (recipient breed×diet, P &lt; 0.01) pregnancy failure by d28 than the other recipient breed × diet combinations. Restricted recipients that received AN embryos experienced greater pregnancy failure than RESTR recipients receiving BN embryos (embryo breed×diet; P = 0.03). Brangus embryos resulted in greater plasma concentrations of PAG in both A1 (embryo breed×day, P &lt; 0.01) and A2 (embryo breed P &lt; 0.01). Alternatively, recipients that received AN embryos had greater plasma concentrations of PAG for the in-house assay (embryo breed×day; P &lt; 0.01). In addition, fetuses from AN recipients had greater CRL on d91 (breed×day, P &lt; 0.01). In summary, Bos taurus cows experienced greater pregnancy failure when nutrient restricted. Furthermore, fetal size and profile of PAG production during early gestation differed between Bos indicus-influenced and Bos taurus cattle.
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Layton, Matthew L. "Welfare Stereotypes and Conditional Cash Transfer Programmes: Evidence from Brazil’s Bolsa Família." Journal of Politics in Latin America 12, no. 1 (2020): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1866802x20914429.
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Some observers claim that conditional cash transfer programmes limit the stigma of taking welfare and thereby promote social inclusion for beneficiaries. This article uses data from the 2014 AmericasBarometer to test these claims in relation to Brazil’s Bolsa Família programme (BFP). The results show that, despite the programme’s innovative design, beneficiaries encounter the stigmatisation and negative self-stereotypes that characterise more traditional anti-poverty programmes. Many Brazilians, recipient and non-recipient alike, endorse explicitly negative stereotypes of Bolsa Família assistance recipients. Moreover, the level to which respondents endorse these stereotypes strongly predicts their level of support for the BFP. These results highlight the pervasive nature of negative stereotypes towards the poor, even in the context of the developing world, and are consistent with the predictions of social psychological theories of system justification.
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Mustajoki, Arto. "A speaker-oriented multidimensional approach to risks and causes of miscommunication." Language and Dialogue 2, no. 2 (2012): 216–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ld.2.2.03mus.
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Combining ideas from different research directions and fields, the paper presents a multidimensional model of communication which enables to explain the risks of communication more comprehensively than before. The process of producing and interpreting speech is described through a message transfer circle. The model also includes the mental worlds of the speaker and the recipient, which substantially influence interaction. In addition, special attention is paid to recipient design, which plays a crucial role in interaction. One may even argue that such frequently mentioned factors as misreference or ambiguity are not causes of miscommunication but only risks for it; the real cause of miscommunication is incomplete recipient design. The common denominator is the egocentrism of the speaker: avoidance of cognitive effort, common ground fallacy, emotional overdrive, obstacles caused by physiological state or physical defects, and attaching greater importance to other things at the expense of recipient design.
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Raclaw, Joshua, Jena Barchas-Lichtenstein, and Abby Bajuniemi. "Online surveys as discourse context: Response practices and recipient design." Discourse, Context & Media 38 (December 2020): 100441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2020.100441.
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Malone, Martin J. "How to Do Things With Friends: Altercasting and Recipient Design." Research on Language & Social Interaction 28, no. 2 (1995): 147–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327973rlsi2802_3.
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Filipi, Anna. "The Development of Recipient Design in Bilingual Child-Parent Interaction." Research on Language and Social Interaction 48, no. 1 (2015): 100–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2015.993858.
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Goepfert, Paul A., Wendy Lumm, Paul Farmer, et al. "Transmission of HIV-1 Gag immune escape mutations is associated with reduced viral load in linked recipients." Journal of Experimental Medicine 205, no. 5 (2008): 1009–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20072457.
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In a study of 114 epidemiologically linked Zambian transmission pairs, we evaluated the impact of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I)–associated amino acid polymorphisms, presumed to reflect cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) escape in Gag and Nef of the virus transmitted from the chronically infected donor, on the plasma viral load (VL) in matched recipients 6 mo after infection. CTL escape mutations in Gag and Nef were seen in the donors, which were subsequently transmitted to recipients, largely unchanged soon after infection. We observed a significant correlation between the number of Gag escape mutations targeted by specific HLA-B allele–restricted CTLs and reduced VLs in the recipients. This negative correlation was most evident in newly infected individuals, whose HLA alleles were unable to effectively target Gag and select for CTL escape mutations in this gene. Nef mutations in the donor had no impact on VL in the recipient. Thus, broad Gag-specific CTL responses capable of driving virus escape in the donor may be of clinical benefit to both the donor and recipient. In addition to their direct implications for HIV-1 vaccine design, these data suggest that CTL-induced viral polymorphisms and their associated in vivo viral fitness costs could have a significant impact on HIV-1 pathogenesis.
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Montagud-Marrahi, Enrique, Alicia Molina-Andújar, Adriana Pané, et al. "Outcomes of pancreas transplantation in older diabetic patients." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 8, no. 1 (2020): e000916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000916.
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ObjectiveImprovement in insulin alternatives is leading to a delayed presentation of microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of older (≥50 years) diabetic patients who receive a pancreas transplantation (PT).Research design and methodsWe retrospectively evaluated all 338 PTs performed at our center between 2000 and 2016 (mean follow-up 9.4±4.9 years). Recipient and graft survivals were estimated for up to 10 years after PT. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) before and after PT were included in the analysis.ResultsThirty-nine patients (12%) were ≥50 years old (52.7±2.3 years) at the day of PT, of which 29 received a simultaneous pancreas–kidney transplantation (SPK) and 10 a pancreas after kidney transplantation (PAK). SPK recipients were first transplants, whereas in the PAK up to 50% were pancreas re-transplantations. Recipient and pancreas graft survivals at 10 years were similar between the group <50 years old and the older group for both SPK and PAK (log-rank p>0.05). The prevalence of MACE prior to PT was similar between both groups (31% vs 29%). Following PT, older recipients presented inferior post-transplant MACE-free survival. In a multivariate regression model, diabetes vintage (HR 1.054, p=0.03) and pre-transplantation MACE (HR 1.98, p=0.011), but not recipient age (HR 1.45, p=0.339), were associated with post-transplant MACE.ConclusionsLong-term survival of older pancreas transplant recipients are similar to younger counterparts. Diabetes vintage, but not age, increased the risk of post-transplantation MACE. These results suggest pancreas transplantation is a valuable treatment alternative to older diabetic patients.
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van Schepen, Nynke. "Political transparency matters: Citizens challenging officials via ‘have you planned X’-type questions." Discourse & Society 30, no. 5 (2019): 521–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926519855784.
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This article examines how citizens, invited to ask questions in public plenary consultation meetings within a participatory democracy procedure in urban planning in France, point at something that has not been mentioned in the public debate, thereby challenging the recipient. More specifically, this article is interested in studying, deploying the analytical framework offered by Conversation Analysis and Interactional Linguistics, a particular French linguistic turn design adopted by the citizens: variations of ‘have you planned X?’. These interrogatives are concerned with an aspect of the procedure the citizens present as relevant, but which has not been mentioned by the professionals. By adopting a turn format that requests confirmation, citizens display caution to not attribute blame overtly to the recipient for this perceived lack. At the same time, these questions make visible how citizens orient to public and political transparency as a social and political standard the recipients are obliged to uphold.
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Villarreal, J., A. Garcia Guerra, and G. M. Brogliatti. "151 EFFECT OF RECIPIENT CATEGORY ON PREGNANCY RATES ON A BOVINE EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM IN PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 1 (2008): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv20n1ab151.
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The fertility of the recipient is one of the more important factors conditioning the success of an embryo transfer (ET) program. Selection and management of recipients is a very important contributing factor to achieve high pregnancy rates (Stroud and Hasler 2006 Theriogenology 65, 65–76). From a reproductive point of view, a good recipient is a cow capable of receiving an embryo and taking it to term (Palma et al. 2001 Biotecnologia de la reproduccion, INTA). In beef and dairy cattle, recipients are categorized according to number of births, age, and condition score (Stroud and Hasler 2006). A retrospective analysis was done to confirm a relationship between recipient category, based on their physiologic and reproductive stage, and pregnancy rates. The analysis was done during January and February (2006–2007) based on data recovered from an embryo transfer program done in Chubut province (Patagonia) for the project ‘Polo Genetico Angus’ (Angus Association – Chubut government agreement). Two hundred and seven morulas and/or blastocysts, quality 1 or 2 frozen in 1.5 m ethylene glycol (IETS manual), were transferred randomly in 10 different farms. Embryos were thawed for 10 s at room temperature and 30 s in a water bath at 35°C and transferred by one single technician. Angus, Hereford, or its breeds were used as recipients. A reproductive exam was performed before embryo transfer and, based on it, recipients were classified into 4 categories: heifer (3–4 years old), lactating cow, weaned cow, and dry old cow (Table 1). The synchronization protocol used for recipients consisted of a single administration of D-cloprostenol and heat detection twice a day for 5 days. Data were analyzed by Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test (chi-square). Results are shown in Table 1. There is a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in pregnancy rates among categories. Recipients with higher pregnancy rates were lactating cows and weaned cows 61.6% and 56.9%, respectively, compared to heifers, 45.3%; a lower pregnancy rate was founded in the dry old cows group. Dry cows were animals that failed to get pregnant during the last season. Heifers also were animals that failed the artificial insemination program. In both groups, the reduced fertility may explain their lower pregnancy rates. In conclusion, selection toward fertility of recipients is a very important factor to take into account to design a successful embryo transfer program. Table 1. Pregnancy rates for recipient categories in an ET program in Chubut (Patagonia), Argentina This research was supported by Centro Genetico Bovino Eolia.
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Zhao, Chun Xi. "Design of Extended Event Service Model Based on CORBA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 3069–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.3069.
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In a distributed system, the event service reflects the mechanism between the sender and the recipient of the asynchronous event or flexible group communication. Based on the analysis of the CORBA event service model, the model for the limitations that exist, on the basis of the original model were effectively extensions.
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Kowalczyk, Maciej Wojciech, and Agnieszka Lewandowska. "TECHNIQUES OF VISUAL COMMUNIACTION IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN." Journal of Education Culture and Society 11, no. 2 (2020): 376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs2020.2.376.383.
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Aim. The subject of the article are methods and techniques of architectural presentation to a diverse audience. The methods of architectural presentation as a key element in the dialogue with the future user of the designed space or building allow to present to the recipient the newly designed space to be created.Methods. The authors of the article present selected techniques of architectural presentation. The described ways of presenting the project were divided into material and virtual. The article discusses the most commonly used methods of architectural presentation such as: diagrams, visualization, physical model, virtual model, video, collage, analyzing their usefulness in terms of reliable communication in order to inform future users about planned changes. The authors describe in detail the use of architectural models as a technique used to present the project to both professional and non-professional recipients. The article discusses the pros and cons of each method.Results and Conclusion. The right choice of presentation method for the addressee allows for a better understanding of the presented idea and, as a result, for more informed choices made by the society, e.g. during public consultations, or by professional decision-making bodies in matters of public space and new architectural objects. The variety of methods of imaging the project vision available today has its individual features that favor or negatively affect the reception of works, by falsifying reality or its partial message.
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Sarkar, Sumit, and Arundhati Sarkar Bose. "Gift-selection for close recipients: how perceived similarity of preferences affect giver’s attitude." Journal of Consumer Marketing 36, no. 1 (2019): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-12-2017-2473.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the impact of gift-givers’ perception of relational closeness on their gift-selection attitude and eventual selection when the gift is not a requested-gift. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual framework was constructed on the basis of five hypotheses, which were tested by field data collected through surveys of urban Indian gift-givers while they shopped for a gift. Logistic regressions were used for validating hypotheses. Mediation effect was computed using the PROCESS macro in SPSS. Findings The giver may have either a “recipient-centric” or a “giver-centric” attitude towards gift-selection. It was found that givers who feel greater closeness towards recipients are less likely to be “giver-centric” and more likely to believe that the recipient’s preferences are similar to their own. The givers’ belief that the recipient’s preferences are similar to their own mediates the effect of closeness on attitude. Closeness reduces the odds of making a “preference-contrary” selection among “recipient-centric” givers because of a perceived similarity of preferences. Research limitations/implications The study was conducted among urban Indian gift-shoppers. Cross-cultural study may be required for general interpretation of the results. In addition, the role of reciprocity in determining giver’s attitude and gift-selection was not studied. Practical implications The study found that the odds of making “preference-contrary” gift-selection depend on the closeness of the dyadic relation. This understanding can be used in advertising and promoting products that are used as gifts between close relations. Originality/value Previous studies postulated and demonstrated that relational closeness affects gift-giving behaviour, but none connected closeness to gift-selection. This research conceptualised gift-giver’s attitude, which influences giver’s selection.
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Deppermann, Arnulf, and Elwys De Stefani. "Defining in talk-in-interaction: Recipient-design through negative definitional components." Journal of Pragmatics 140 (January 2019): 140–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2018.12.004.
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Mushin, Ilana. "Linguistic cues for recipient design in an Indigenous Australian conversational narrative." Narrative in ‘societies of intimates’ 26, no. 2 (2016): 217–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.26.2.03mus.
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This article presents an examination of some of the linguistic and interactional features of a story emerging from talk in a remote Indigenous Australian community. In the data used here, the storyteller is an elderly Garrwa woman in Borroloola who speaks Garrwa and Kriol. The focus is on how the addition of a non-community member to the field of interaction affected the way the storyteller recounted events from a situation within the previous 24 hours. This is seen not only in what events are told, but also how the teller tailored her story to her audience in the context of telling — a recognition that stories are interactively achieved. Here I examine how she accommodated the knowledge states of her audience, how recipients responded and how this in turn affected the trajectory of the storytelling.
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Elshal, Kareman. "Social Intelligence in Advertising Design and its Impact on the Recipient." Journal of Design Sciences and Applied Arts 2, no. 2 (2021): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jdsaa.2021.30300.1049.
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Fredericks, Ryan M., Travis Nemkov, Camilla L'Acqua, Steven L. Spitalnik, Eldad A. Hod, and Angelo D'Alessandro. "Linking Stored Red Blood Cell Metabolism to Transfusion Recipient Iron Homeostasis Pathophysiology in Critically-Ill Children." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-125854.
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Background: Transfusion of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) is a common, life-saving therapy for many critically-ill children. However, routine blood bank storage results in the progressive accumulation of a series of RBC modifications, termed the "storage lesion," that reduce RBC recovery in vivo, may affect transfusion recipient physiology, and may be implicated in transfusion-related adverse events. In particular, circulating non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) in recipients can be increased after pRBC transfusion. NTBI promotes bacterial growth, induces oxidative injury, and inversely correlates with post-transfusion recovery, all of which may increase the risk of sepsis, multiorgan failure, and death. We aimed to determine whether the metabolic state of donor pRBCs at the time of transfusion correlates with recipient NTBI levels, which serves as a marker of hemolysis and iron homeostasis in critically-ill pediatric patients. Study Design/Methods: Critically-ill pediatric patients, aged < 21-years-old with a minimum weight of 5kg in the pediatric intensive care unit at a single-site tertiary care hospital, who required pRBC transfusion, were prospectively enrolled after parental consent (n = 49 patients). Patient blood samples were obtained pre-transfusion and 4 hours following the patient's first qualifying pRBC transfusion, and analyzed for markers of iron and heme homeostasis, hemolysis, liver function, and inflammation utilizing standard laboratory methods. pRBC transfusate (1 mL) was frozen at -80°C immediately at the end of transfusion for each transfused patient. Hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds were extracted separately using methanol:acetonitrile:water or methanol, respectively, before analysis using high-throughput LC-MS based metabolomics and lipidomics platforms to determine the relative abundance of small molecule compounds. Metabolite levels in the pRBC transfusates were correlated with the differences in pre- and post-transfusion clinical laboratory values and selected patient parameters (e.g. blood type, patient age, and storage age of the pRBC unit at the time of transfusion), using Pearson correlation coefficients and associated p-values. Results: The relative levels of 221 unique metabolites and lipids in the pRBC transfusates were correlated with the corresponding transfusion recipient's clinical laboratory values and selected patient parameters. Analysis of Pearson's correlations between the levels of these compounds in the donor pRBC transfusates and the pre- and post-transfusion differences in the recipients' NTBI levels (ΔNTBI) demonstrated statistically significant correlations for 24 metabolites (R = 0.28-0.43, p = 0.0022-0.0476, see Table). Analysis of recipient clinical laboratory biomarkers associated with recipient ΔNTBI revealed a positive correlation with increases in serum iron (R = 0.41, p = 0.0034) but not with other changes in recipient clinical laboratory biomarkers. The age of the stored pRBCs at the time of transfusion did not correlate with ΔNTBI levels (R = 0.24, p = 0.0912). Conclusions: Statistically significant correlations of donor pRBC transfusate metabolites with transfusion recipient ΔNTBI are primarily seen with hypoxanthine, lactate, metabolites of glutathione homeostasis, amino acids, unsaturated free fatty acids, acyl-carnitines, and metabolites of indole and tryptophan metabolism. These data suggest that higher levels of oxidative stress, proteolysis, membrane remodeling in stored donor pRBCs, and, possibly, microbiome metabolism in the pRBC donor, are associated with significant increases in recipient plasma NTBI and serum iron levels, likely from hemolysis of storage-damaged RBCs. The levels of these metabolic biomarkers of the RBC storage lesion correlate better with ΔNTBI than the storage age of the donor unit, supporting the notion that pRBC metabolic age is not equivalent to pRBC chronologic age, and that the former may be more relevant to transfusion recipient pathophysiology in critically-ill children. Table. Disclosures Nemkov: Omix Technologies, Inc.: Equity Ownership, Other: Founder. Spitalnik:Hemanext: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Tioma, Inc.: Consultancy. D'Alessandro:Hemanext, Inc.: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Omix Technologies, Inc.: Other: Founder.
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McVea, Harry, and Nicholas Charalambu. "Game theory and sovereign wealth funds." Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 22, no. 1 (2014): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-12-2012-0049.
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Purpose – The purpose of this article is to assess strategies available to recipient states for managing the putative risks posed by sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) in the context of global, liberalized, and capital markets. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs a game theory analysis in assessing these risks. Four basic scenarios are outlined whereby recipient states may interact with SWFs: “unselfish recipient state – unselfish SWF” (Option 1); “unselfish recipient state – Selfish SWF” (Option 2); “Selfish Recipient State – unselfish SWF” (Option 3); and “Selfish Recipient State – Selfish SWF” (Option 4). Findings – In the light of this analysis, and the balance of risks which the authors perceive recipient states are exposed to in practice, the authors claim that recipient states ought, rationally, to adopt a selfish regulatory strategy irrespective of the strategy which SWFs adopt in practice. Originality/value – This claim does not deny the importance of voluntary international measures – such as the “Santiago principles” – in the way SWFs are regulated. Rather, it seeks to show that according to a game theory analysis, and an attempted application of that analysis in practice, undue reliance by recipient states on international “soft law” regulatory initiatives to regulate SWF activity (which constitutes the current international consensus) is strategically unwise.
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Wang, Qian, Ruifang Zhu, and Zhiguang Duan. "An Analysis of Past Florence Nightingale Medal Recipients: Insights Into Exceptional Nurses and the Evolution of Nursing." SAGE Open Nursing 7 (January 2021): 237796082098839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2377960820988392.
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Aim To examine past Florence Nightingale Medal recipients’ parallels with the evolving nature of the nursing field as a whole. Design Descriptive research. Method The professional and demographic characteristics of 1,449 Florence Nightingale Medal recipients between 1920 and 2015 were analyzed to develop a high-level overview of the award recipient characteristics. Result Medal recipients were primarily female (98.07%), with 36% being Specialist nurses. Awards were mainly conferred for aid work (30.4%) in the context of war or armed conflict followed by Nursing education (17.2%) and disaster aid (14.9%). The majority of recipients were affiliated with the Red Cross and the majority of recipients were those conducting Red Cross duties. Conclusion Our results offer statistical validation for the dedication of these exceptional individuals, while also highlighting overall parallels with the ongoing development of the nursing field as it expands to better deliver culturally-sensitive care and to overcome outdated stereotypes that would otherwise constrain innovation.
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Apele, Diāna, and Ina Treiliņa. "ARTS DOMINANCE IN CALENDAR GRAPHICS DESIGN." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 5 (May 20, 2020): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol5.5145.
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Art, in a way, is a form of communication, which allows the artist to express their view to the world, show their interpretation and let others see the world through the eyes of the artist. Calendars are the most popular and long-term means of advertising, which is why their design requires a lot of attention. It is important that it does not only look good, but also provides information, fulfils the function of a promotional souvenir and creates an image throughout the entire year ahead. Graphic design is a form of visual communication whose purpose is to solve visual and graphic problems using artistic approaches provided by typography, different printing technologies, or image processing techniques, mechanical or analogue methods, or digital, with the aim to create a graphic design work or solve a graphic problem. Graphic design is more like a visual intermediary between the message and its recipient and a way of delivering the message to the recipient. The Aim of the Article: study graphics as the dominant feature of art in the design of calendars created by modern Latvian artists and analyse expert interviews to find out the opinions of specialists in the field about the significance of the content and design of artistic calendars nowadays. The research results were obtained using theoretical research methods: the study, analysis and evaluation of scientific and journalistic literature and Internet sources, which reveals the essence of the problem in question; expert interviews were carried out as well, which are empirical research methods.
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Abbasi, Sepideh, and Ali Honaramooz. "Effects of recipient mouse strain, sex and gonadal status on the outcome of testis tissue xenografting." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 8 (2010): 1279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd10084.
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The aim of the present study was to examine factors that may affect the outcome of testis tissue xenografting. Recipient factors were examined by grafting small fragments of testis tissue from newborn piglets under the back skin of immunodeficient mice of different strains (severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) v. nude), sex (male v. female) and gonadal status (intact v. gonadectomised) using a factorial design (eight groups; n = 7 mice per group). Recipient mice were killed after 8 months to compare the gross and histological attributes of the recovered grafts. Overall, approximately 94% of grafts were recovered. Gonadectomy of male or female recipients did not affect any of the measured outcomes of testis tissue xenografting, therefore data were pooled. Overall, in terms of sex, male mice and, in terms of strain, SCID mice tended to show higher gross and histological development of grafts. The group of female nude mice had the lowest graft recovery rate (75%) compared with the other groups (95–100%; P < 0.05). The grafts from male SCID mice were, on average the largest and had the highest percentage of spermatozoa-containing seminiferous tubules among all the groups (P < 0.05). These results suggest that male SCID mice provide a suitable recipient model for testis tissue xenografting and that the mice do not need to be castrated for optimal results.
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Mota, Eduardo Rodrigues, Oscar José Smiderle, Luiz Fernandes Silva Dionisio, Aline das Graças Souza, Raiovane Araújo Montenegro, and Gustavo Schwartz. "Seedling quality of Agonandra brasiliensis in response to different Osmocote® doses and recipient volumes." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (2021): e55010111903. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11903.
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The objective of this work was to evaluate seedlings quality of the tree species Agonandra brasiliensis under different doses of the controlled release fertilizer (CRF) Osmocote® and recipient volumes. The experiment was set up in a factorial design for two recipient volumes (1.8 L and 2.2 L) and five CRF doses (0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; and 3.0 g L-1 of substrate). Four repetitions of one plant each were used. After transplanting seedlings, stem height, stem collar diameter, and the robustness index (RI) were measured in a monthly basis during eight months. The highest seedlings growth was observed with the CRF Osmocote® dose of 2.0 g L-1 and recipients of 2.2 L. The treatment with CRF dose of 2.0 g L-1 in 240 days presented higher initial accumulated growth in height of A. brasiliensis seedlings (mean = 31.38 cm). Seedlings under the dose of 2.0 g L-1 presented 85.90% increase of stem height in relation to the control (substrate without CRF). CRF Osmocote® had positive effect on growth of A. brasiliensis seedlings. Growth was influenced by the different CRF doses and recipient volumes, both for the variables stem height and stem collar diameter and for the RI. The dose 2.0 g L-1 allowed greater accumulated growth in height and diameter in 240 days.
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Small, Bronwyn Larissa, Marcelo P. Gomes, Kenneth R. McCurry, et al. "A Novel Diagnostic Algorithm for Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in a Retrospective Cohort of Lung Transplant Recipients." Progress in Transplantation 30, no. 1 (2019): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1526924819892918.
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Introduction: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is characterized by thrombocytopenia and potential for thromboembolism. Lung transplant recipients are at risk of developing HIT due to heparin exposure peritransplant. We describe the incidence and impact of HIT in lung transplant recipient index hospital length of stay and survival. Design: A retrospective cohort was obtained from electronic medical records which were queried for all recipients treated with bivalirudin (institutional treatment of choice for HIT) between January 1, 2005, and February 16, 2017 (N = 1171). Patients who developed HIT >30 days after transplant or after their index transplant admission were excluded. A diagnostic algorithm was used retrospectively to determine clinical HIT with an intermediate or high pretest clinical suspicion (“4T” score ≥4) and either (1) positive anti-heparin–platelet-factor 4 (HPF4) assay and a positive functional platelet assay or (2) a positive HPF4 assay only, in patients who did not undergo cardiopulmonary bypass. Results: Among all lung transplant recipients, 2.1% were found to develop HIT in the peritransplant period (N = 25, mean = 88%) with a mean lung allocation score of 50.8 and an incidence of venous thromboembolism of 72%, most upper extremity in location. When matched with historical controls, patients with HIT had a longer overall index hospital length of stay of 43 days ( P = .008). There was no difference in short- or long-term survival posttransplant. Conclusion: Vigilance for the development of HIT in lung transplant recipients is necessary to prevent further morbidity from thromboembolic events. In our cohort, HIT increased hospital length of stay but did not appear to affect recipient survival.
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Chiang, Scott, Minh Chau Vu, Mychelle Nguyen, Ali Strocker, Stefan Horvath, and Nina Shapiro. "Adenotonsillar Enlargement in Pediatric Organ Transplant Recipients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 127, no. 1 (2002): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhn.2002.126476.
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OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to statistically correlate adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) in the pediatric posttransplant population with potential risk factors and to monitor the progression of ATH over time. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Participants were evaluated for ATH through a standardized 65-point questionnaire and an 8-point physical examination. They were also evaluated for current age, age at time of transplantation, type of organ transplant, gender, tacrolimus use, history of transplant rejection, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) serology. We evaluated 243 pediatric solid organ transplant recipients, with 116 patients undergoing repeat evaluation. RESULTS: A statistically significant negative correlation was noted between age at time of transplantation and both questionnaire scores ( P = 0.0075) and examination scores ( P = 0.013). A significant negative correlation was also seen between age at time of evaluation and questionnaire score ( P = 0.028) but not examination score ( P = 0.49). Recipient EBV seronegativity significantly increased questionnaire score ( P = 0.05). Liver transplant recipients also had a significantly higher questionnaire score than did kidney transplant recipients ( P = 0.0048). Gender, CMV recipient status, and tacrolimus (immunosuppressant) use did not significantly impact questionnaire or examination scores. Repeat evaluation of 116 patients after a 2-to 9-month interval did not demonstrate any significant increases in questionnaire scores. A statistically significant drop in examination scores was noted ( P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: These findings support previous reports in the literature that correlate EBV seronegativity, younger age at transplant, and liver versus kidney transplantation with increased incidence of PTLD.
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Griffin, Shawn P., and Joelle E. Nelson. "Impact of a Clinical Solid Organ Transplant Pharmacist on Tacrolimus Nephrotoxicity, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, and Institutional Revenue Generation in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients." Progress in Transplantation 26, no. 4 (2016): 314–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1526924816667950.
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Context: Tacrolimus requires close therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to ensure efficacy and minimize adverse effects. Pharmacists are uniquely positioned on transplant teams to interpret levels and recommend therapy modifications. Their impact in the immediate postoperative setting has not been described previously. Objective: To evaluate the impact of a clinical solid organ transplant pharmacist on nephrotoxicity, TDM, and revenue generation in adult kidney transplant recipients on tacrolimus. Design, Setting, and Patients: Retrospective assessment of adult kidney transplant recipients at University of Florida Health Shands Hospital. Intervention: A transplant pharmacist rounded 5 days a week and made medication recommendations on transplant recipients—including tacrolimus dose modifications based on levels. Pharmacy services were expanded to include medication reconciliation, medication counseling, and delivery of discharge medications to bedside. Main Outcome Measure: Incidence of nephrotoxicity during tacrolimus exposure. Results: Of the 70 kidney transplant recipients in the postpharmacist cohort, 18 (25.7%) experienced nephrotoxicity while on tacrolimus, compared to 18 (25%) of the 72 in the prepharmacist cohort ( P = .922). A significantly greater proportion of recipients who experienced nephrotoxicity were male, had hypertension, or experienced delayed or slow graft function. The rate of appropriately drawn tacrolimus troughs significantly increased from 23.4% to 30.3% in the postpharmacist cohort ( P < .001). The median outpatient pharmacy revenue generated per recipient significantly increased from US$345.49 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0-4727.56) to US$4834.95 per recipient (IQR: 3592.78-6224.60; P < .001). The length of stay (7 days, IQR: 6-9, vs 8 days, IQR: 6-9; P = .107) and the 30-day readmission rate were similar between groups (20.8% vs 21.4%; P = .931).
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Wallace, Jacqueline M., John S. Milne, Clare L. Adam, and Raymond P. Aitken. "Impact of donor and recipient adiposity on placental and fetal growth in adolescent sheep." Reproduction 153, no. 4 (2017): 381–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-16-0590.
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The influence of maternal obesity during oocyte development and its putative interaction with nutrient reserves at conception on pregnancy outcome were examined in an adolescent sheep model. Donor ewes were nutritionally managed to achieve contrasting adiposity (control (CD)/obese (ObD)) for 6 weeks prior to superovulation and inseminated by a non-obese sire. Morulae from 6 CD and 7 ObD were transferred in singleton into adolescent recipients of identical age but differing adiposity, classified as relatively fat or thin respectively. Thereafter, all were overnourished to promote rapid growth/adiposity (2 × 2 design, 13/14 pregnancies/group). A fifth recipient group of intermediate adiposity received embryos from another 5 CD, was offered a moderate intake to maintain adiposity throughout gestation and acted as controls for normal pregnancy outcome (optimally treated control (OTC), 19 pregnancies). Donor obesity did not influence ovulation, fertilisation or recovery rates or impact embryo morphology. Gestation length and colostrum yield were unaffected by donor or recipient adiposity and were reduced relative to OTC. Total fetal cotyledon and lamb birth weights were independent of initial donor adiposity but reduced in relatively thin vs relatively fat recipients and lower than those in the OTC group. In spite of high placental efficiency, the incidence of fetal growth restriction was greatest in the thin recipients. Thus, maternal adiposity at conception, but not pre-conception maternal obesity, modestly influences the feto-placental growth trajectory, whereas comparison with the OTC indicates that high gestational intakes to promote rapid maternal growth remain the dominant negative influence on pregnancy outcome in young adolescents. These findings inform dietary advice for pregnant adolescent girls.
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Norrick, Neal R. "The epistemics of narrative performance in conversation." Narrative Inquiry 30, no. 2 (2020): 211–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.18095.nor.
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Abstract This article investigates the flow of information in conversational narrative performance in light of research on the epistemics of talk in interaction and epistemic vigilance on the part of story recipients. Based on examples from a range of corpora, it reassesses the relationship between storytellers and recipients consistent with recipient design, and investigates cases of too little and too much information in narrative. Viewing narrative performance as sharing territories of knowledge provides new insights into the notions of telling rights and tellability as well as teller competence and credibility. The narrative performance may contain gaps and discrepancies along with clusters of copious information from which recipients must pick and choose to construct a dynamic narrative model to be tested against further information. In the communal presentation of family narratives, territories of knowledge merge, shared events are illuminated from separate perspectives, gaps in knowledge are filled, and evaluations are enriched.
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ABECASSIS-MOEDAS, CELINE, and SIHEM BEN MAHMOUD-JOUINI. "SOURCE-RECIPIENT KNOWLEDGE COMPLEMENTARITY: A FRAMEWORK OF DESIGN ABSORPTION PROCESS IN NPD." Academy of Management Proceedings 2007, no. 1 (2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2007.26530464.
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Hutchby, Ian. "Aspects of recipient design in expert advice‐giving on call‐in radio." Discourse Processes 19, no. 2 (1995): 219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01638539509544915.
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Widyokusumo, Lintang. "Dibalik Pengaruh Sebuah Pesan di Media." Humaniora 2, no. 1 (2011): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v2i1.3023.
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The inserting power of a message into the minds of recipients can be done through various stages of processing and filters contained in each individual recipient. It is a distinctive strength when designers can learn the process so that designing a work of visual design can be conveyed with both in the minds of society ast targets and generate action / feedback is expected. Article analysis the process of how a message in a media was able to convey the reader or viewers. The research was done by doing library research. It can be concluded that feeling, thinking, and actioning are process that influence people in understanding a message in a media.
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Ahmed, Junaid, Mazhar Mughal, and Inmaculada Martinez-Zarzoso. "They earn and send; we spend: consumption patterns of Pakistani migrant households." International Journal of Social Economics 45, no. 7 (2018): 1092–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-01-2017-0029.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze differential consumption patterns of Pakistani migrant households resulting from foreign and domestic remittances. Design/methodology/approach Using the Working-Leser model and a number of matching techniques, the authors analyze a representative household survey carried out in 2010–2011 to compare various expenditure categories of recipient and non-recipient households across different income brackets. Findings Results show that foreign remittances lead to significant consumption changes. Contrary to the widely held view, remittances do not raise the budget share on consumer goods and recreation, while allocation on education increases substantially. Households receiving domestic remittances also reflect strong focus on human capital with significantly higher shares of health and education. Recipients of international transfers living below one dollar a day spend proportionally more on food compared with their non-recipient counterparts whereas their education and health budget shares are not dissimilar. Practical implications The positive effect of remittances on expenditures on human capital coupled with a lack of evidence suggesting an increase in the share of conspicuous spending resulting from remittances highlights the beneficial role that remittances play in a developing country. Originality/value Extant literature lacks consensus on whether migrant remittances should be treated as a temporary or permanent source of household income. In this study, the authors argue and empirically show that the two need not be mutually exclusive, and may co-exist depending on the nature of remittances and household characteristics.
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Amsar, Amsar, Rizal Munadi, and Ramzi Adriman. "SELEKSI BEASISWA UNTUK PERGURUAN TINGGI BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN KEPUTUSAN BERKEADILAN DENGAN FUZZY MAMDANI." Jurnal Inotera 2, no. 2 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31572/inotera.vol2.iss2.2017.id28.
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The scholarship is one of the funding schemes of study in an education system. Various models and names of scholarship schemes are offered on terms that have been determined by the scholarship provider. The essence of these conditions is the trust and confidence of the funders of the scholarship recipients and is projected to complete the study period as per the allocated funds. In general, funders are very concerned about the issue of academic qualification as one of the main indicators. However, for prospective students who wish to pursue higher education from coming from orphaned families and from less financially qualified families, with good academic qualifications, not yet a parameter in the selection process of scholarship recipients. Based on this fact, this problem would like to find solution in this research and submitted the selection model of scholarship with fair decision approach. This study aims to design a fair decision-making system as a tool for selection of scholarship recipients that prioritize the values ??of justice by prioritizing scholarship recipients from among orphans and poor. This research proposes two methods: Fuzzy Mamdani and weighting method, with 4 input parameters which are used as variables: children status and economic level, residence condition, children achievement and family dependent. Simulation testing performed by considering the parameters set is a more effective and efficient decision model for the prospective scholarship recipients. To obtain a competent recipient, then the screening process by ranking to be declared passed the selection and received as the recipient of scholarship in accordance with the number of quotas provided. This selection model becomes an alternative and provides opportunities for orphans and the poor to continue higher education and improve the human resource index as well as meet national education goals.
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Bacchella, Telesforo, Flávio Henrique Ferreira Galvão, José Luiz Jesus de Almeida, Estela Regina Figueira, Andreza de Moraes, and Marcel Cerqueira César Machado. "Marginal grafts increase early mortality in liver transplantation." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 126, no. 3 (2008): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802008000300005.
Full textAbstract:
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Expanded donor criteria (marginal) grafts are an important solution for organ shortage. Nevertheless, they raise an ethical dilemma because they may increase the risk of transplant failure. This study compares the outcomes from marginal and non-marginal graft transplantation in 103 cases of liver transplantation due to chronic hepatic failure. DESIGN AND SETTING: One hundred and three consecutive liver transplantations to treat chronic liver disease performed in the Liver Transplantation Service of Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo between January 2001 and March 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. METHODS: We estimated graft quality according to a validated scoring system. We assessed the pre-transplantation liver disease category using the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD), as low MELD (< 20) or high MELD (> 20). The parameters for marginal and non-marginal graft comparison were the one-week, one-month and one-year recipient survival rates, serum liver enzyme peak, post-transplantation hospital stay and incidence of surgical complications and retransplantation. The significance level was 0.05. RESULTS: There were no differences between the groups regarding post-transplantation hospital stay, serum liver enzyme levels and surgical complications. In contrast, marginal grafts decreased overall recipient survival one month after transplantation. Furthermore, low-MELD recipients of non-marginal grafts showed better one-week and one-month survival than did high-MELD recipients of marginal livers. After the first month, patient survival was comparable in all groups up to one year. CONCLUSION: The use of marginal graft increases early mortality in liver transplantation, particularly among high-MELD recipients.