Academic literature on the topic 'Recipient need'
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Journal articles on the topic "Recipient need"
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Malti, Tina, Michaela Gummerum, Sophia Ongley, Maria Chaparro, Marta Nola, and Na Young Bae. "“Who is worthy of my generosity?” Recipient characteristics and the development of children’s sharing." International Journal of Behavioral Development 40, no. 1 (2015): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025414567007.
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Previous research has shown that the majority of 8-year-old children share valuable resources equally with others, whereas 4-year-olds are more likely to favor themselves in their sharing allocations. In this study, we examine whether these patterns of sharing behavior are affected by the needs of the recipient or by the recipient’s previous moral or immoral actions. One-hundred and sixty 4- and 8-year-old children had the opportunity to share stickers with hypothetical recipients who were assigned varying characteristics. For both age groups, sharing increased when recipients were needy (i.e., feels sad or has few toys) and morally deserving (i.e., shares with other children and does not push). The differentiation of sharing based on recipient characteristics increased between 4 and 8 years of age, with 8-year-olds also demonstrating decreased sharing when recipients were morally undeserving (i.e., pushes other children and does not share). Our findings provide evidence that children show increased sharing with recipients who are morally deserving and those who demonstrate need. This suggests that children indirectly reciprocate others’ past moral behavior and behave more altruistically towards those with higher need.
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Birch, Thomas D. "Basic Needs: Paternalistic Government Welfare Policy with Distortionary Taxation." Public Finance Quarterly 15, no. 3 (1987): 298–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114218701500304.
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This article analyzes government welfare policy in a general equilibrium setting with distortionary taxation. Government welfare policy is in accordance with the preferences of donor-taxpayers who want the consumption-leisure bundle of recipients to satisfy “basic needs.” The main focus is on the optimal level of employment for a destitute welfare recipient from the donor-taxpayer's perspective. This optimal level depends on the distortionary cost of taxation, whether the donor regards leisure or work as a basic “need,” and the distribution of the recipient's income if work is required. It is argued that donor appropriation of income resulting from mandatory recipient work in the private sector is not necessarily superior to either letting recipients retain their income or having the government appropriate the recipient's income from mandatory public sector employment.
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Hrushko, Svitlana. "LANGUAGE CODE OF PERCEPTION OF SCIENTIFIC TEXT IN THE COMMUNICATIVE ACT OF THE AUTHOR AND RECIPIENT." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 31 (2020): 102–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-31-7.
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The article discusses the features of the activities of an author and recipient at different stages of the communication process in the perception of a scientific text. Studies of the peculiar influence of the language code on the perception of information in the context of the communicative act of the author of the message and the recipient in the modern information society are among the most relevant nowadays. Creation of a scientific and technical message and its publication are aimed at effective perception of information and achieving a certain linguistic influence of the author of the message on the consciousness of the recipient through the display of the peculiarities of the author's way of thinking. The beginning of scientific communication is the need for certain information of recipients. The response to this need is the proposal of necessary information by the author. The information needs of the recipients form the subject matter and content of scientific and technical communication. The author of the scientific message chooses the most convenient way and channel for the transfer of information to the recipient, and the recipient searches for the necessary information in the most optimal way and channel. The coding of the message usually corresponds to the coding of the informational need of the recipient. The context of the informational message for the author includes the main purpose of creating the message, and for the recipient, the satisfaction of the informational need. For the author, the text is a way of transmitting the message, and for the recipient, it is a source of information. The linguistic activity of the author is focused on the effective satisfaction of consumers’ information needs and on achieving a certain influence on the consciousness of the recipient. The main means of communication is the language of the message of scientific and technical orientation, which expresses its main content, semantic content, logical structure of the information component, which facilitates the process of decoding and assimilation of the message. The structure of a scientific and technical text depends on the genre and target audience. The genre can be viewed as a way of influencing the recipient's consciousness.
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Verbeek, Hilde, and Kimberly Van Haitsma. "THE CARE RECIPIENT’S PERSPECTIVE ON QUALITY OF CARE: DIFFERENT APPROACHES IN NURSING HOMES." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.283.
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Abstract In long-term care, there has been an ongoing shift focused on person-centered care, positioning the care recipient at the core of good quality of care. This has resulted in more emphasis on care recipients’ preferences and experiences with the care they receive. In the Netherlands, Germany and the United States the need to focus on and assess quality from the care recipient’s perspective has emerged. This symposium presents four different approaches to quality of care from the care recipient’s perspective. The first speaker will focus on a narrative approach to assess experienced quality of care in nursing homes. The second speaker will present an observational method to assess the level of autonomy provided to people with dementia in nursing homes. The third speaker will present findings about the use of specialist health care in nursing homes as an indicator for quality of care. The last presentation will address the importance of preferences in quality of care. Defining, assessing and improving experienced quality of care from the care recipient’s perspective is an ongoing challenge, as each care recipient’s preferences and needs differ. It is important to assess in order to monitor that care is being tailored to the care recipient and to identify possible interventions that can enhance experienced quality of care.
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O'Hara, Jerome F., Katrina Bramstedt, Stewart Flechner, and David Goldfarb. "Ethical Issues Surrounding High-Risk Kidney Recipients: Implications for the Living Donor." Progress in Transplantation 17, no. 3 (2007): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152692480701700304.
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Evaulating patients for living kidney donor transplantation involving a recipient with significant medical issues can create an ethical debate about whether to proceed with surgery. Donors must be informed of the surgical risk to proceed with donating a kidney and their decision must be a voluntary one. A detailed informed consent should be obtained from high-risk living kidney donor transplant recipients as well as donors and family members after the high perioperative risk potential has been explained to them. In addition, family members need to be informed of and acknowledge that a living kidney donor transplant recipient with pretransplant extrarenal morbidity has a higher risk of a serious adverse outcome event such as graft failure or recipient death. We review 2 cases involving living kidney donor transplant recipients with significant comorbidity and discuss ethical considerations, donor risk, and the need for an extended informed consent.
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Cohen, S. I. "Allocation of Foreign Aid in a Segmented International Context." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4III (1995): 987–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i4iiipp.987-1000.
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Research on the topic of distribution of foreign aid among recipients is regaining momentum. This is understandable in the light of the knowledge that presently the richest 40 percent of the developing world receives twice as much aid per capita as the poorest 40 percent [UNDP (1994)], while once upon a time foreign aid was sought to accomplish exactly the opposite. The distribution of official development assistance (ODA) is conventionally studied in terms of two models: the ‘recipient needs’ model and the ‘donor interest’ model. In the first, foreign aid flows are seen to satisfy the socio-economic needs of the recipient countries. In the second, national interests of donors, whether these are military, political or commercial, are seen to determine the direction and size of the foreign aid. Empirical studies were made to ascertain and understand whether, on balance, foreign aid is motivated by recipient need or donor interest. There is one class of studies, for example, Mcgillivray (1989), which estimates for donors a compound measure of their allocation bias. The other class of studies, i.e., Maizels and Nissanke (1984) and Grilli and Riess (1992), employs regression analysis to explain allocation of foreign aid by representative variables of recipient need and donor interest.
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Kim, Dong-hwan, Do-hun Kim, Hyun Seok Kim, Seong-il Kim, and Dong-Ho Lee. "Determinants of Bilateral REDD+ Cooperation Recipients in Kyoto Protocol Regime and Their Implications in Paris Agreement Regime." Forests 11, no. 7 (2020): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11070751.
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A cooperative approach for REDD+ between developing and developed countries can be a sound means to achieve national and global mitigation targets. To accomplish the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of countries and the global 2 °C climate target more effectively, it is necessary to explore the coordination options, based on the understanding of bilateral REDD+ cooperation. This study explains the current status of bilateral REDD+ cooperation and investigates determinants affecting REDD+ recipient decisions of donor countries, by analyzing bilateral REDD+ arrangements, which has been promoted for 10 years under the the Kyoto Protocol regime from 2006 until 2015. The results show that Norway and Japan supported more than half of the total financial pledges for bilateral REDD+ projects for 10 years. Out of 87 REDD+ recipients, four countries—Brazil, India, Indonesia, and China—accounted for more than half of the 10-year financial pledges. Approximately 78% of total financing was found to be concentrated in the top 10 recipients. The aid darlings and orphans problem, the concentration of bilateral supports in a few developing countries and the exclusion of several developing countries from the recipient selection process, which has been discussed in ODA researches, was also observed. Applying a shared frailty model, recipient need, recipient merit, and donor interest was found to be the main determinants of donors’ REDD+ recipient decision. Donor interest and recipient merit were found to have more significant effects on the decision than recipient need. A balanced two-track approach is further required, in which, along with the bilateral REDD+ cooperation in the REDD+ darling countries, international organizations and multilateral funds for REDD+ need to increase financial accessibility, including the result-based compensation system for the REDD+ orphan countries.
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Narizano, Hugo, and Gerald G. Carter. "Do vampire bats groom others based on need?" Behavioral Ecology 31, no. 1 (2019): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arz165.
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Abstract Allogrooming provides a window into the social lives of many group-living mammals and birds. The fitness benefits of allogrooming are encouraged by proximate mechanisms that make it physiologically rewarding for both actors and receivers. However, receivers might not always benefit from allogrooming. Some allogrooming decisions might be the actor’s response to cues of the recipient’s need. Other decisions might only be caused by the actor’s motivational state. To test these ideas, we studied what triggers allogrooming in common vampire bats. In test 1, subjects that had experimentally disturbed and wetted fur were more likely to be allogroomed, even when controlling for increased self-grooming. In test 2, allogrooming rates were elevated not only by receiver self-grooming (a cue for receiver need) but also by the actor’s previous self-grooming. Both effects were significantly greater than the effect of self-grooming by third parties. Interestingly, we detected a negative interaction: the positive effect of receiver need on allogrooming was smaller when the actor was previously self-grooming. This is consistent with the hypothesis that there are “receiver-driven” allogrooming decisions, which are responses to recipient need, and “actor-driven” decisions, which are not. We predict that receiver-driven allogrooming will bestow greater benefits to recipients compared with actor-driven allogrooming.
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JO, SUSAN, KEVIN BRAZIL, LYNNE LOHFELD, and KATHLEEN WILLISON. "Caregiving at the end of life: Perspectives from spousal caregivers and care recipients." Palliative and Supportive Care 5, no. 1 (2007): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951507070034.
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Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the perspectives of both the spousal caregiver and care recipient on the caregiving experience in home-based palliative care.Methods: A qualitative research strategy involving home-based face-to-face interviews with older palliative care patients and their spousal caregivers was used to examine the caregiving experience.Results: Ten spousal caregivers and care recipient dyads participated in the study. Most informal caregivers viewed caregiving as an extension of the family relationship where caregiving responsibilities evolved over time. Spousal caregivers identified many negative reactions to caregiving, such as fatigue or weariness, depression, anger and sadness, financial stresses, and lack of time. Care recipients acknowledged the emotional and financial strain and expressed concern for their spouses. Both caregivers and care recipients were appreciative of home care services although they identified the need for additional services. They also identified difficulties in communication with formal providers and poor coordination of care among the various services. Both caregivers and care recipients disclosed some challenges with informal supports, but on the whole felt that their presence was positive. Additional positive aspects of caregiving reported by spouses included strengthened relationship with their spouse and discovering emotional strength and physical abilities in managing care.Significance of results: Health care and social service professionals need to recognize and understand both caregiver and care recipient perspectives if they are to successfully meet the needs of both members of the dyad.
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Politoski, Gigi, Margaret Coolican, and Kathleen Casey. "Perspectives on Communication Issues among Transplant and Procurement Professionals, Transplant Recipients, and Donor Families." Journal of Transplant Coordination 6, no. 2 (1996): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/090591999600600208.
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Communication among professionals, donor families, and transplant recipients is a controversial topic. Traditionally, transplant and procurement professionals have made the decision about the type and frequency of information that a donor family and transplant recipient receive regarding one another, and relationships that might develop as a result. Information obtained through questionnaires demonstrated inconsistency in addressing donor family and transplant recipient needs for initial and follow-up information and communication—not only between clinical transplant and procurement donation coordinators, but within organizations involved in the care and support of these people. This wide variance regarding communication among all disciplines demonstrated a need for standardization of practice guidelines. Guidelines are being developed through collaboration of the major organizations involved in the care of donor families and transplant recipients to standardize communication practices throughout the United States.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Recipient need"
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Segatto, Bianca. "Exploring relationships between basic psychological need satisfaction, motivation and physical activity transplant recipients." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97230.
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The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among basic psychological need satisfaction, exercise motivation and health-enhancing physical activity as a test of self-determination theory with transplant recipients. Participants (N = 138; Mage= 48 years; 58% male), who were primarily heart, liver, lung, and kidney transplant recipients, completed scientifically-supported questionnaires. Controlling for transplant-specific factors (i.e., age at transplant, time waiting for transplant, and time since transplant), hierarchical regression analyses revealed that self-determined motivation was associated with physical activity and self-determined motivation partially mediated the relationship between psychological needs, specifically perceptions of competence, and physical activity (R2 = .25). Findings suggest basic psychological need satisfaction and exercise motivation have positive implications associated with health-enhancing physical activity among transplant recipients.<br>Le but de cette étude était de vérifier les relations entre la satisfaction des besoins psychologiques de base, la motivation à l'exercice et l'activité physique en tant que test de la théorie de l'autodétermination chez les receveurs de greffes. Les participants (N=138; Mâge=48 ans; 58% mâle), principalement des receveurs de greffes du cœur, du foie, du poumon et du rein, ont remplis des questionnaires appuyés par la littérature scientifique. Sous le contrôle de facteurs spécifiques à la transplantation (c.-à.-d. : l'âge au moment de la transplantation, le temps d'attente pour la transplantation et le temps écoulé depuis la transplantation), l'analyse de régression hiérarchique a démontré que la motivation autodéterminée est associée à l'activité physique et qu'elle module partiellement la relation entre les besoins psychologiques, particulièrement les perceptions des compétences, et l'activité physique (R2=.25). Les résultats suggèrent que la satisfaction des besoins psychologiques de base et la motivation pour l'activité physique entraînent des répercutions positives en ce qui a trait aux activités physiques favorables à la santé chez les receveurs de greffes.
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Jeffery, Kathryn Elaine. "The role of community colleges in welfare reform and the training needs of welfare recipients : community colleges in California /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Pennery, Emma. "Providers and recipients of breast cancer follow-up : addressing needs and optimising service delivery." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431955.
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Olaison, Anna. "Negotiating needs : Processing older persons as home care recipients in gerontological social work practices." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, NISAL - Nationella institutet för forskning om äldre och åldrande, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15968.
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The study concerns the needs assessment processes that older persons undergo to gain access to home care. The participation of older persons, their relatives and municipal care managers was studied from a communicative perspective. The assessment meetings functions as formal problem-solving events. The older persons´ accounts are negotiated discursively in interaction. Various storylines are used by the older persons and their relatives whether they view home care as an intrusion, as a complement or as a right. In case of divergent opinions the older person has the final say as prescribed by the Swedish social service act. One conclusion is that the role of relatives is not defined and a family perspective is not present. In the study the institutional structure of the assessment process was also analyzed. Older persons are processed into clients; their needs are fitted within the framework of documentation and institutional categories. In the transfer of talk to text all the particulars are not reflected and two types of documentation was identified; a fact-oriented objective language or an event-oriented personal language. Care management models and a managerialist thinking has influenced the assessment process by bureaucratisation of older people trough people processing, which is in contradiction to the individual-centric perspective prescribed by the law. The introduction of care management models in gerontological social work has lead to an embedded contradiction and constitutes a welfare political dilemma. Improved communicative methods are needed in order to achieve a holistic assessment situation.<br>Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i de bedömningsprocesser äldre personer genomgår för att få tillgång till hjälp i hemmet. Bedömningsprocessen där äldre, deras anhö-riga och kommunala behovsbedömare deltog studerades ur ett kommunikativt perspektiv. Interaktionen vid behovsbedömningssamtalet fungerar som en pro-blemlösningsprocess. Den äldre personens redogörelse för behov förhandlas diskursivt i interaktionen och tre olika berättelselinjer identifierades, baserade på om de sökande betraktar hemtjänsten som ett intrång, som ett komplement och stöd eller som en rättighet. När olika åsikter uttrycks har de äldre sista ordet i enlighet med Socialtjänstlagens föreskrifter. En slutsats är att de anhörigas roll i behovsbedömningsprocessen inte är definierad och att ett familjeperspektiv sak-nas. I studien analyserades också bedömningsprocessens institutionella struktur. De äldre behovssökande processas till att bli klienter, deras behov anpassas till dokumentationens ramverk och kategoriseras i enlighet med institutionella kate-gorier. I transfereringen av tal till text redovisas inte samtliga element i samtalet. Två typer av utredningstext identifierades, den faktaorienterade och den händelse-orienterade. I studien diskuteras det marknadsekonomiska tänkande som kommit att påverka bedömningsprocessen genom byråkratisering vilket står i motsatsställ-ning till det individcentrerade perspektiv som lagen förespråkar. Introduktionen av marknadsmodeller i det gerontologiska sociala arbetet har medfört en inbyggd motsättning och utgör ett välfärdspolitiskt dilemma. Förbättrade kommunikativa metoder behövs för att uppnå en holistisk bedömningsprocess.
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Barwick, Melanie A. (Melanie Anne). "The educational needs of youth in the child welfare system : a case study of two social affairs schools in Québec." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39527.
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This case study examines the educational needs of students attending two social affairs schools in Quebec. The aim was to determine why these youths continue to do poorly academically and why they fail to thrive once they leave the child welfare system, as described in the literature. Individual and environmental factors that hinder academic progress were investigated ethnographically. The chronic under-achievement characteristic of youths attending the social affairs schools appears to be due to a number of individual factors such as frequent school changes as well as to the mental health model that guides the social affairs schools. This model views educational difficulties to be secondary to psycho-social familial problems. As a result, appropriate educational assessments are not conducted and little attention is given to remediating learning difficulties that may prevent successful reintegration of students into regular schools and often exacerbate family dysfunction.
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Stack, Shona C. "Food and Nutrition-Related Beliefs, Attitudes, Practices, and Perceived Needs of Food Stamp Recipients in Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36898.
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The purpose of the present study was to gain insight on the real and perceived needs of food stamp recipients for use in developing nutrition education programs. Six focus group interviews with 26 food stamp recipients were conducted in six Virginia counties. Transcripts of the meetings were analyzed to identify themes prevalent in all of the focus group interviews. Ninety-two 24-hour food recalls from a different sub-group of food stamp recipients were also analyzed for food consumption frequencies, trends in food preparation, and common food purchasing locations. A key finding was that most focus group participants made food-related decisions while in the grocery store. Explanations for incidences of food resource scarcities included beliefs that the amount of food stamps was insufficient and that poor food purchasing decisions were made. Predominant food behavior changes that had been previously attempted were decreasing consumption of fat and fried foods and reducing portion sizes. Most of the reasons for attempting those behavior changes involved a desire for weight loss. Prevalent nutrition education interests were low-fat cooking and child nutrition. Results of the 24-hour food recall analysis indicated an inadequate consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grain cereals, and dairy products. Seventy-five percent of the subjects purchased food in a grocery store and prepared meals at home.<br>Master of Science
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Reeves, Alana E. "Self-sufficiency outcomes of former recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) in rural Illinois /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1212791401&sid=10&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Frieg, Annette. "Disability profiles and needs of disability grant recipients in Kleinmond, Western Cape, South Africa / Annette Freig." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51730.
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Thesis (MPhil (Rehabilitation))--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African National Census (1996) reports a disability prevalence of 6,6% in
South Africa. In November 1999 the government paid out 635 881 temporary or
permanent disability grants. Legislation is in place to allow the Department of Social
Services to administer the grants. For this study demographic information of disability
grant recipients in a semi-rural area was sought in order to improve understanding of
disability and to assist in service delivery. The study was executed in Kleinmond, a
coastal town in the Western Cape with a population of 3 918, where 189 people
reported a disability during the 1996 census.
Objective
The objective of this study was to determine the disability profile, caregiver utilization
and needs of disability grant recipients in Kleinmond, Western Cape, South Africa.
METHODS
A descriptive survey was the study design of choice. The study population consisted
of recipients of a permanent disability grant who collected their grants at the
Kleinmond Post Office in June 1999.
In order to capture the necessary information, a questionnaire was developed based
on the disability catalogue of the International Classification of Impairment, Disability
and Handicap (ICIDH) of the World Health Organisation. Pilot studies were conducted
and the researcher interviewed 29 grantees during the main study in Kleinmond in
June/July 1999. Repeatability of the questionnaire was tested. Ninety six percent of
the responses were the same on the second visit to four randomly selected grantees.
Data was analysed with the statistical software package STATISTICA.
RESULTS
The response rate was 90% (29/32). The mean age of the mainly male grantees was
42 years (range: 18 - 64). Most grantees were single, but the majority stayed with
someone else. Ninety three percent (27/29) were unemployed while 69% (20/29) felt
they were able to work. Most grantees took regular medication and the majority
accessed health services at the primary level local clinic. Twenty five grantees (86%or 25/29) reported multiple disabilities, while one person did not fit into any of the
categories. The most common disability category was situational disability (82% or
24/29). Nineteen persons with disabilities (66% or 19/29) relied on help which was
mainly given by the parents. Assistance was needed with activities such as collecting
the disability grant, shopping and managing money. With regard to needs of grantees,
most found it important to have the clinic closer to their homes (52% or 15/29), to
increase the amount of the disability grant (76% or 22/29) and to raise awareness of
disability in the community (69% or 20/29).
CONCLUSION
Most disability grant recipients in this study reported problems in many of the seven
disability categories of the ICIDH, i.e. multiple disabilities. This is consistent with the
assumption that only severely disabled people qualify for a permanent disability grant
in South Africa. This might explain why the majority of the grantees utilized a
caregiver for some tasks. Needs with regard to health and social services of this
defined group of persons with disabilities in Kleinmond will be brought to the attention
of the authorities, who are planning a new community centre and clinic.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Volgens die Nasionale Sensus opname van 1996 is die prevalensie van ongeskiktheid
in Suid- Afrika 6.6%. Bevindinge dui aan dat 635881 individue 'n ongskiktheidstoelaag
ontvang. Hierdie toelae word volgens wetgewing deur die Departement van
Maatskaplike Dienste ge-administreer. In hierdie studie is demografiese inligting van
individue wat 'n ongeskiktheidstoelaag ontvang ingesamel in 'n poging om insig in
gestremdheid en dienslewering aan gestremdes te verbeter. Die studiepopulasie het
bestaan uit individue wat 'n ongeskiktheidstoelaag in die Wes-Kaapse kusdorp
Kleinmond ontvang. Kleinmond het 'n populasie van 3 918 waarvan 189 individue
ongeskik is volgens die 1996 sensus.
DOEL
Die doel van die studie was om 'n ongesiktheidsprofiel van individue in Kleinmond te
bepaal, asook te evalueer of hulle versorgers benodig het en om hulle behoeftes te
bepaal.
METODOLOGIE
Daar is gebruik gemaak van 'n beskrywende studie. Die studiepopulasie het bestaan
uit aile individue woonagtig in Kleinmond wat 'n permanente ongeskiktheidstoelaag
ontvang het en dit by die poskantoor afgehaal het.
Data is deur middel van 'n vraelys ingesamel. Die vraelys is gebaseer op die
ongeskiktheids katalogus van die Internasionale Klassifikasie van Gebrek,
Ongeskiktheid en Gestremdheid (ICIDH) van die Wereld Gesondheidsorganisasie. Die
vraelys is getoets deur middel van loodsstudies. Die betroubaarheid van die vraelys is
ook getoets deur tydens die navorsing dieselfde vrae tydens 'n tweede besoek aan vier
kandidate te stel. Hierdie vier individue is ewekansig geselekteer en 96% van die
response het ooreen gestem met die van die eerste besoek.
Data is verkry van 29 individue gedurende Junie/Julie 1999. Data analise is met behulp
van STATISTICA, 'n statistiese sagteware pakket, gedoen.RESULTATE
Die responskoers was 90% (29/32). Die meerderheid van die studiepopulasie was
manlik met 'n gemiddelde ouderdom van 42 jaar (rykwydte: 18 - 64). Individue was
meerendeels ongetroud en het wonings met ander persone gedeel. Uit die
studiepopulasie was 93% (27/29) individue werkloos. Van hierdie groep het 69%
(20/29) egter gevoel dat hulle wei een of ander vorm van arbeid kan verrig. Bykans aile
individue uit die studiepopulasie het gereeld medikasie gebruik. Die plaaslike prirnere
gesondheids kliniek is deur die meeste individue benut vir gesondheidssorg. Meeste
individue (86% of 25/29) het meer as een ongeskiktheid gehad en een persoon het nie
in enige van die kateqoriee ingepas nie. Die ongeskiktheid wat die mees algemeenste
voorgekom het was situasie-gebonde ongeskiktheid (82% of 24/29). Hulp is hoofsaaklik
deur ouers verskaf en 66% individue (19/29) het van hulp gebruik gemaak. Hierdie hulp
was meestal nodig met aktiwiteite soos die afhaal van die ongeskiktheidtoelaag, die
doen van inkopies en die bestuur van persoonlike finansies.
Die studiepopulasie het 3 groot behoeftes uitgespreek naamlik 'n kliniek nader aan
hulle wonings (52% of 15/29), 'n verhoging in die ongeskiktheidstoelaag (76% of 22/29)
en .n groter bewustheid van ongeskiktheid in die gemeenskap (69% of 20/29).
Samevatting
Baie van die individue uit die studiepopulasie het ongeskikthede in meer as een van die
ongeskiktheidskategoriee aangedui. Hierdie bevinding is in ooreenstemming met die
aanname dat in Suid-Afrika slegs individue met erge ongeskiktheid n
ongeskiktheidstoelaag ontvang. Dit kan moontlik ook verklaar waarom die meerderheid
van die populasie versorgers benodig het vir die uitvoer van sekere take.
Die behoeftes van hierdie studiepopulasie sal onder die aandag van die plaaslike
owerheid, wat tans besig is met die beplanning van 'n nuwe gemeensskapssentrum en
kliniek, gebring word.
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Browning, Carolyn L. "The Educational Needs of Welfare Recipients and the Role of the Community College As an Agent of Social Change." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1998. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2884.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate two underlying questions related to welfare reform and its impact on participants in the Cumberland Plateau Region: (1) What are the training and other noneducational needs of the participants in the VIEW program? and (2) What is the projected success of the impact of the training on the lives of the participants? The research study included 47 interviews with four distinct groups of individuals--VIEW participants, case managers, administrators, and trainers. Three focus group interviews were conducted with individuals who were participants in the VIEW program or professionals actively involved in the administration and implementation of the program. All the individuals interviewed in the study identified four difficulties to the successful implementation of the VIEW program: (1) the lack of economic development in the region, (2) the abbreviated time frame for the implementation of VIEW, (3) an excessive amount of paperwork, and (4) the lack of transportation. The participants cited the following difficulties: (1) child care, (2) inappropriate dress for interviews, (3) attitudes and busyness of case worker, (4) penalties associated with securing employment, and (5) limited opportunities for training. The training personnel identified three areas posing difficulties for participants: (1) motivation, (2) attitudes of the participants, and (3) leadership development. In summarizing the responses of all the individuals interviewed in this study, the two viable remedies emerged as options available to assist participants: (1) seeking additional help from family members or friends, and (2) taking the initiative to investigate other avenues of assistance outside the scope of the Departments of Social Services. The training component of the VIEW program was considered the most favorable among all the individuals interviewed in this study. The-proposed outcome of the training received for all participants in the VIEW program was the attainment of full-time or part-time employment. All the interviewees felt to varying degrees that the VIEW program would assist participants in securing employment. The administrators and case managers ultimately viewed the employment as the measure of success of the training. However, most of the participants were very unsure if they would secure employment in the Cumberland Plateau Region.
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McFerren, Mary Margaret. "Incentives and Barriers to Participation in Community Nutrition Education Programs for Recipients of Food Stamps and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27013.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the incentives and barriers perceived by low-income women of child-bearing age related to their participation in nutrition education programs. The specific programs of concern in this study are the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) and the Food Stamp Nutrition Education (FSNE) program. This qualitative study sought to hear the voices of the women so that nutrition programs can be made more successful in reaching this population. Personal interviews were conducted with 23 women in their homes or appropriate local sites, and transcripts were analyzed to identify categories and themes.
People of low socioeconomic status and those with the least education have higher rates of obesity and overweight and suffer disproportionately from poor health. Women receiving Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) also receive Medicaid. Medicaid costs have escalated due to the obesity rate, which is currently estimated at 64% of the adult population. In addition, 30% of American children are experiencing obesity or are overweight. It is important for parents to understand the causes of obesity and the effects of the chronic diseases related to obesity. Prevention programs are more cost effective than medical treatment of the diseases associated with obesity, and proper nutrition can reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.
Findings of this study suggest that isolation is the main impediment to participating in nutrition education programs. Missing from the interviewed women's circumstances are social capital, human capital, and economic capital. Social capital relates to the connections and relationships that are important in life. Human capital involves the knowledge and skills acquired through life experiences. Economic capital refers to individual wealth or economic resources available to an individual or community.
Nutrition education programs should be refined to incorporate opportunities for socialization that will develop trust and reciprocity, as well as nutrition knowledge. Based on the results of this study, Virginia Cooperative Extension programs will be adapted to incorporate weight control and cooking classes with nutritious recipes. The learning environment will be safe, learner-centered, and fun. New marketing tools that are more appealing to the prospective clients will be developed.<br>Ed. D.
Books on the topic "Recipient need"
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New York (State). Division of Management Audit and State Financial Services. Department of Labor, meeting the transportation needs of temporary assistance for needy families recipients. The Division, 2001.
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Harpine, Cynthia J. The need for personal assistance with everyday activities: Recipients and caregivers. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1990.
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Filipp, Laura. Financial need of undergraduate aid recipients at Maryland's colleges and universities, 2004-2005. Maryland Higher Education Commission, 2006.
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North Carolina. Division of Social Services. North Carolina's temporary assistance for needy families: State plan, FY 1998-2000. North Carolina Dept. of Health and Human Services, Division of Social Services, 1998.
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TANF reauthorization and federal housing policy: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Housing and Transportation of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Seventh Congress, second session on the housing problems of families currently on TANF and those leaving TANF for employment, and proposals that should be considered to increase the effectiveness of federal housing assistance as a tool for helping move people to employment, May 1, 2002. U.S. G.P.O., 2003.
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New York (State). Office of the State Comptroller. Division of State Services. New York City Human Resources Administration, assessing and meeting the transportation needs of TANF recipients. Division of State Services, 2003.
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Blumenberg, Evelyn. The travel behavior and needs of the poor: A study of welfare recipients in Fresno County, California. Mineta Transportation Institute, San José State University, 2002.
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United States. Government Accountability Office. Federal transit administration: Progress made in implementing changes to the job access program, but evaluation and oversight processes need improvement : report to congressional committees. GAO, 2006.
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New York (State). Division of Management Audit and State Financial Services. Office of Children and Family Services, day care planning for recipients of temporary assistance for needy families. The Division, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Recipient need"
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Kissová, Lenka. "The Poor, the Offenders, and the ‘Unadaptable’: Categories Policy-makers Use When Talking About Material Need Recipients." In Framing Welfare Recipients in Political Discourse. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63579-4_4.
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Proclemer, A., D. Facchin, and M. Trentin. "How Many ICD Recipients Really Need Dual-Chamber Pacing?" In Cardiac Arrhythmias 2001. Springer Milan, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2103-7_42.
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Wong, Chack-Kie, and Vivian Wei-Qun Lou. "“I Wish to be Self-Reliant”: Aspiration for Self-Reliance, Need and Life Satisfaction, and Exit Dilemma of Welfare Recipients in Hong Kong." In Quality of Life of Chinese People in a Changing World. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0224-0_12.
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Goldenberg, Shira M., Ruth Morgan Thomas, Anna Forbes, and Stefan Baral. "Overview and Evidence-Based Recommendations to Address Health and Human Rights Inequities Faced by Sex Workers." In Sex Work, Health, and Human Rights. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64171-9_1.
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AbstractThis volume uses community case studies and data from around the world to highlight the sustained health and social inequities that sex workers in all of their diversity experience in 2020. Guided by a balanced community–academic partnership, this volume aims to ensure that sex workers’ voices are amplified in describing both challenges and the ways forward. Collectively, the chapters describe an elevated burden of HIV, sexually transmitted infections, drug-related harms, violence and other human rights violations, and significant unmet sexual and reproductive health needs. They also demonstrate that sex workers are not passive recipients of such inequity, but rather actively resist and continue to mobilise to advocate for improved health, safety, and human rights conditions and policy changes. Evidence-based recommendations include sex work decriminalisation, ensuring accessible and sex worker-friendly services, removal of punitive policing and surveillance, community empowerment, and strengthening capacity for community engagement in research, policy, and programmes.
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Pospieszna, Paulina. "The need to provide democracy assistance to youth in target countries." In Democracy Assistance Bypassing Governments in Recipient Countries. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315179681-5.
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Cranford, Cynthia J. "Toward Flexible Care and Secure Work in Intimate Labor." In Home Care Fault Lines. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501749254.003.0008.
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This chapter highlights the importance of deeply democratic alliances between domestic personal support workers and recipients that negotiate tensions at the intimate level of the labor process. Disabled people have long had support from their own advocacy organizations, like independent living centers (ILCs), on ways to be a fair employer and attain quality services. Yet, despite such support, informality can creep in to individual relationships due to the complexity of labor legislation in this sector and to the lack of enforcement. Alliances between recipient organizations and the labor movement could address these issues in creative ways. If the goal is security with flexibility, workers need critical education about how the locations of disability and age shape people's quest for ongoing input into their services, and they need training and support on how to negotiate this. What kinds of organizing models can engage deeply and continuously with workers and recipients to address tensions in the labor process? Community-based labor organizing provides inspiration.
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Kyriafinis, Georgios, and Panteleimon Chriskos. "Cochlear Implant Programming through the Internet." In Advances in Multimedia and Interactive Technologies. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0264-7.ch003.
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The ordinary user of cochlear implants is subject to post-surgical treatment that calibrates and adapts via mapping functions the acoustic characteristics of the recipient's hearing. As the number of cochlear implant users reaches indeed large numbers and their dispersion over vast geographic areas seems to be a new trend with impressive expansion, the need for doctors and audiologists to remotely program the cochlear implants of their patients comes as first priority, facilitating users in their programmed professional or personal activities. As a result, activities that need special care, like playing sport, swimming, or recreation can be performed remotely, disburdening the recipient from traveling to the nearest specialized programming center. However, is remote programming safeguarded from hazards?
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McCallum, John. "Who Were the Poor? The Recipients of Relief." In Poor Relief and the Church in Scotland, 1560-1650. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474427272.003.0007.
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This chapter analyses the poor themselves. Although recent literature has made valuable attempts to study the poor in their own right rather than simply through the prism of relief (and therefore elites), welfare records remain the richest source of information on the poor, especially in an area such as Scotland where very little previous work has been undertaken. Therefore the chapter opens up the subject of who received relief and why, shedding light not just on the internal dynamics of this most neglected group within Scottish society, but also on the agenda and priorities of the relief system itself. The chapter draws attention to variations in the demographics of relief recipients, and argues that there was no fixed model or ‘type’ of recipient, and that kirk sessions were responding to local patterns of need. The chapter also emphasises the complexity and range of (overlapping) reasons why early modern Scots might find themselves in need of welfare.
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Swedlund, Haley J. "The Development Dance." In The Development Dance. Cornell University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501712876.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 summarizes the core arguments of the book and introduces the significance of the project both theoretically and practically. The chapter argues that scholars and practitioners too often focus on aid effectiveness, ignoring how choices regarding aid delivery mechanism are made to being with. The chapter then provides a brief historical look at foreign aid, demonstrating that the history of foreign aid is a history of fads and fashions. Finally, the chapter summarizes the core theoretical argument of the book, which is that commitment problems constrain the policy compromises reached by donors and recipients. If we want to know whether an aid delivery mechanism is likely to be sustained over the long term, we need to look at whether it induces credible commitments from both donor agencies and recipient governments.
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Aboelmaged, Mohamed Gamal, Suja Sarah Thomas, and Samia Elsheikh. "Trends of Social Media Applications in Healthcare." In Handbook of Research on Healthcare Administration and Management. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0920-2.ch025.
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The twenty-first century has witnessed social media taking firm root into business and economic activity. It can no longer be considered as a tool for ‘social' activity alone. Even governments have taken to it in order to open up communication channels with citizens and provide more effective services. The healthcare sector is a unique field where information sources and uses need to be handled with utmost care, as the risks extend not only to the healthcare provider, but more so to the recipient and others such as prospective recipients, the broader community, and regulators. Therefore, responsible use of social media in healthcare is critical, whether it be with respect to ‘customer' relationship, marketing, education, recruitment or community building. This chapter scrutinizes relevant literature, which has been published in various disciplines, to provide significant insight into the question of how social media can improve healthcare administration. Practical implications and opportunities for further research are also highlighted.
Conference papers on the topic "Recipient need"
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Schinstock, Emma, Alex Deakyne, Tinen Iles, Andrew Shaffer, and Paul A. Iaizzo. "Lung Allocation Pipeline: Machine Learning Approach to Optimized Lung Transplant." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9030.
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Abstract Lung donation is the most risky transplant procedures. With low survival rates, and poor acceptance of donated lungs, those in need of a lung transplant are at high risk of dying. One reason for poor outcomes is the lack of optimal match between donor and recipient when it comes to lung size and shape. Lungs that do not properly fit in the recipient’s chest cavity can fail to inflate fully and quickly start to deteriorate. In such patients, lung contusions can form, edema occurs in healthy lung tissue, and overall lung function declines. To improve patient outcomes after lung transplant, we describe here a developed a computational pipeline which enables donor lungs to be properly matched to recipients. This tool uses CT scans from both the donor and potential recipients to calculate how anatomically different the sets of lungs are, and therefore provide improved matches in both size and shape for the donor lungs.
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Cohen Zilka, Gila. "The Experience of Receiving and Giving Public Oral and Written Peer Feedback on the Teaching Experience of Preservice Teachers." In InSITE 2020: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Online. Informing Science Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4502.
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Aim/Purpose: This study examined how peer feedback, received and given face-to-face and on the course site, shapes the teacher’s image, from the student’s point of view as the one providing and receiving feedback. Background: This study examined the effect of receiving and giving peer feedback, face-to-face and on the course site, on forming the teacher’s image, from the student’s point of view as someone who provides and receives feedback. Methodology: The research question was, “How do preservice teachers experience giving and receiving public, oral and written, peer feedback on the teaching experience?” This is a qualitative study. Two hundred fifty-seven preservice teachers educated in teacher training institutions in Israel participated in the study. Contribution: The study attempted to fill the missing pieces in the experience of providing and receiving peer feedback in the process of training for a teaching certificate. The topic of feedback has been extensively researched, but mostly from the point of view of experts providing feedback to the student, whereas this study examined peer feedback. In addition, many studies have examined the topic of feedback mainly from the point of view of the recipient. By contrast, in this study, all the students both gave and received feedback, and the topic was examined from the perspective of both the feedback recipient and the feedback provider. It was found that receiving feedback and providing feedback are affected by the same emotional and behavioral influences, at the visible, concealed, and hidden levels. Findings: It was found that in oral feedback given by students face-to-face they took into account the feelings of the recipient of the feedback, more so than when feedback was given in writing on the course site. It was found also that most students considered it easier to provide feedback in writing than orally, for two reasons: first, it allowed them to edit and focus their feedback, and second, because of the physical distance from the student to whom the feedback applied. About 45% noted that the feedback they provided to others reflected their own feelings and difficulties. It was found that both giving and receiving feedback was influenced by the same emotional and behavioral layers: visible, concealed, and hidden. Recommendations for Practitioners: When an expert gives feedback, the expert has more experience than the students and wants to share this experience with others. This is not the case with peer feedback, where everybody is in the process of training, and the feedback is not necessarily expert. Therefore, clarification and discussion of feedback are of great importance for the development of both feedback provider and recipient. Recommendation for Researchers: About 45% of preservice teachers noticed that the feedback they provided to others stemmed from their own internal issues, and therefore dialogic feedback stimulated a sense of learning, empowerment, and professional development. Dialogic feedback may clarify for both provider and recipient what their habits, needs, and difficulties are and advance them in their professional development. Impact on Society: People must ask themselves whether they are in a position of conducting a dialogue or in a position of resistance to what is happening in the lesson. A sense of resistance to what is happening in the lesson may cause one to feel attacked and in need of defending oneself, and therefore to criticize. It is difficult to establish fruitful and enriching dialogue in a state of resistance, and with the desire to defend oneself and go on attack. Future Research: Knowledge of virtual feedback needs to be deepened. Does the feedback stem from the desire to advance the student who taught the lesson? Does the feedback stem from anger? etc.
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Seidl, S. "SCREENING PROCEDURES TO PREVENT TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B, NON-A,NON-B, AND AIDS BY BLOOD TRANSFUSION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644753.
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Although the number of infectious agents capable of being transmitted through blood and blood products is vast, only a few cause problems in recipients of a magnitude which warrants the need for screening tests. The most important agents are Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis non-A,non-B (HNANB) - agents causing posttransfusion hepatitis (PTH) and the human immundeficiency viruses (HIV) responsible for transfusion associated AIDS (TAA).PTH: Prospective studies in open-heart-surgery patients demonstrated a high prevalence (8-17%) *in Spain, Italy, the United States and Israel whereas low percentages (2-5%) were observed in Australia, Finland and West-Germany. Among haemophiliacs acute and chronic hepatitis is a rather frequent complication. Serologic markers of HBV infection have been observed in the majority of patients. Since HBsAg screening has been introduced most cases of PTH (>90%) are due to infection with HNANB-agents. For this type of hepatitis no specific assay exists. It has been suggested that surrogate tests (ALT, anti-HBc screening) might serve as interim screening measure. In prospective studies in the USA a correlation has been observed between donor ALT and recipient hepatitis, but not more than 30% of PTH can be prevented at a loss of 1,5 to 3,0% of the donor population. Similar data have been reported when blood donors were screened for anti-HBc. There was a significantly higher incidence of PTH in recipients receiving at least one unit of anti HBc positive blood. This was recently confirmed in a study in which patients received blood with ALT-levels below 30 IU/ml. The incidence of HNANB was 2,1% after transfusion with anti HBc negative blood whereas 10,1% developed HNANB when anti HB positive blood was transfused (P=< 0.0001). However, these two markers (ALT, anti HBc) do not identify the same NANB carrier population. - ALT screening and testing for anti-HBc have been recently instituted in the USA as “surrogate tests” for detecting HNANB carriers.TAA: Among the total number of AIDS cases there ist a small percentage caused by transfusion of blood and blood products. In the USA approximately 2% of TAA have been reported, 1 % of AIDS patients are haemophiliacs but the majority of haemophiliacs are HIV-antibody positive. According to a survey of the Council of Europe (March 1986) the percentages of HIV positive European haemophiliacs varies between 4 to 8% (Belgium, Norway) and 30 to 60% in other European countries. The number of TAA-cases is around 1%, AIDS among European haemophiliacs has been observed up to 5% of the total AIDS cases. - Screening for HIV antibodies in blood donors was introduced in most European countries and the USA in early summer 1985, but several thousands of recipients of HIV positive blood (issued before) are now virus carriers. This has been confirmed in “look back” programmes: A substantial number of recipient (50 to 90%) has been found to be HIV positive.-A major disadvantage of the HIV antibody test is the fact that antibodies appear several weeks after infection. The gap between infection and detecting HIV antibodies may be reduced by an antigen test, which recognizes the HIV infection as early as two weeks after infection. - The recent detection of HIV 2 implies the necessity of developing tests for the identification of variants of HIV.
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Reynolds, John, and Greg Larsen. "A Proven Process for Assessing the Technical Integrity of Aging Pressure Equipment." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71236.
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This paper describes a detailed process for assessing two important aspects of aging pressure equipment infrastructure: 1) First by determining if the pressure equipment management systems (MS) are sufficiently effective to maintain and sustain the integrity and reliability of aging pressure equipment (vessels, tanks, and piping systems), 2) Secondly, by detailed individual equipment reviews (ER) to determine what vessels and piping systems may need recapitalization or major maintenance within the next 5–10 year timeframe. The two focused asset integrity reviews (FAIR®+MS & FAIR®+ER) can be completed in combination or separately in order to identify the strengths and weaknesses of a pressure equipment integrity maintenance program, as well as the actual condition of the highest risk pieces of pressure equipment and piping. The management system review surveys the 101 essential elements of pressure equipment integrity management and results in a benchmarking score for the operating site on the basis of 1000 points of excellence. This score allows the recipient to benchmark their status against many other sites that have already been reviewed and also facilitates the measurement of progress over time when the integrity reviews are repeated. The equipment specific review of individual pieces of equipment allows the recipient to determine how much it is likely to cost to maintain the facility (and to recapitalize, as necessary) in reliable operating order to support the on-going business. Both reviews result in specific recommendations on how the owner-operator can improve the pressure equipment management systems and maintain specific equipment.
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Terres, Hilario, Sandra Chavez, Raymundo Lopez, Arturo Lizardi, Araceli Lara, and Juan R. Morales. "Irreversibility and Second Law Analysis in a Solar Cooker Box-Type." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49699.
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In this work, four different arrangements of solar cooker box-type with internal reflectors results, for irreversibility and second law efficiency are presented. The solar cooker has two glasses in its cover to diminish the losses of heat radiation and convection, which in turn creates the hot house effect inside the cooker. The interior of the cooker has flat mirrors placed at different angles to reflect the solar radiation toward recipient with water. The obtained results are based on the heated water temperatures. These are obtained by means of numerical simulation, which in turn allows the comparison under identical conditions for the cookers. The results reveal that the energy reaching the cookers, less than 5%, is used in the water heating process. Most of the available energy is “stored” into the cooker glass cover, which shows the need for further work on improving cover materials in order to diminish such a situation.
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Reisch, Frigyes, and Hernan Tinoco. "Concept of a High Pressure Boiling Water Reactor, HP-BWR." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75032.
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Some four hundred Boiling Water Reactors (BWR) and Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) have been in operation for several decades. The presented concept, the High Pressure Boiling Water Reactor (HP-BWR) makes use of the operating experiences. HP-BWR combines the advantages and leaves out the disadvantages of the traditional BWRs and PWRs by taking in consideration the experiences gained during their operation. The best parts of the two traditional reactor types are used and the troublesome components are left out. HP-BWR major benefits: 1. Safety is improved; -Gravity operated control rods -Large space for the cross formed control rods between fuel boxes -Bottom of the reactor vessel without numerous control rod penetrations -All the pipe connections to the reactor vessel are well above the top of the reactor core -Core spray is not needed -Internal circulation pumps are used. 2. Environment friendly; -Improved thermal efficiency, feeding the turbine with ∼340°C (15 MPa) steam instead of ∼285°C (7MPa) -Less warm water release to the recipient and less uranium consumption per produced kWh and consequently less waste is produced. 3. Cost effective, simple; -Direct cycle, no need for complicated steam generators -Steam separators inside the reactor vessel, and steam dryers together with additional separators can be installed inside or outside the containment -Simple dry containment.
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Wang, T., C. C. Kao, and A. Parulekar. "Need for Therapeutic Anticoagulation and Use of NOACs in Lung Transplant Recipients." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a5126.
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Ettema, Roelof, Goran Gumze, Katja Heikkinen, and Kirsty Marshall. "European Integrated Care Horizon 2020: increase societal participation; reduce care demands and costs." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10175.
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BackgroundCare recipients in care and welfare are increasingly presenting themselves with complex needs (Huber et al., 2016). An answer to this is the integrated organization of care and welfare in a way that personalized care is the measure (Topol, 2016). The reality, however, is that care and welfare are still mainly offered in a standardized, specialized and fragmented way. This imbalance between the need for care and the supply of care not only leads to under-treatment and over-treatment and thus to less (experienced) quality, but also entails the risk of mis-treatment, which means that patient safety is at stake (Berwick, 2005). It also leads to a reduction in the functioning of citizens and unnecessary healthcare cost (Olsson et al, 2009).Integrated CareIntegrated care is the by fellow human beings experienced smooth process of effective help, care and service provided by various disciplines in the zero line, the first line, the second line and the third line in healthcare and welfare, as close as possible (Ettema et al, 2018; Goodwin et al, 2015). Integrated care starts with an extensive assessment with the care recipient. Then the required care and services in the zero line, the first line, the second line and / or the third line are coordinated between different care providers. The care is then delivered to the person (fellow human) at home or as close as possible (Bruce and Parry, 2015; Evers and Paulus, 2015; Lewis, 2015; Spicer, 2015; Cringles, 2002).AimSupport societal participation, quality of live and reduce care demand and costs in people with complex care demands, through integration of healthcare and welfare servicesMethods (overview)1. Create best healthcare and welfare practices in Slovenia, Poland, Austria, Norway, UK, Finland, The Netherlands: three integrated best care practices per involved country 2. Get insight in working mechanisms of favourable outcomes (by studying the contexts, mechanisms and outcomes) to enable personalised integrated care for meeting the complex care demand of people focussed on societal participation in all integrated care best practices.3. Disclose program design features and requirements regarding finance, governance, accountability and management for European policymakers, national policy makers, regional policymakers, national umbrella organisations for healthcare and welfare, funding organisations, and managers of healthcare and welfare organisations.4. Identify needs of healthcare and welfare deliverers for creating and supporting dynamic partnerships for integrating these care services for meeting complex care demands in a personalised way for the client.5. Studying desired behaviours of healthcare and welfare professionals, managers of healthcare and welfare organisations, members of involved funding organisations and national umbrella organisations for healthcare and welfare, regional policymakers, national policy makers and European policymakersInvolved partiesAlma Mater Europaea Maribor Slovenia, Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland, University Graz Austria, Kristiania University Oslo Norway, Salford University Manchester UK, University of Applied Sciences Turku Finland, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht The Netherlands (secretary), Rotterdam Stroke Service The Netherlands, Vilans National Centre of Expertise for Long-term Care The Netherlands, NIVEL Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, International Foundation of Integrated Care IFIC.References1. Berwick DM. The John Eisenberg Lecture: Health Services Research as a Citizen in Improvement. Health Serv Res. 2005 Apr; 40(2): 317–336.2. Bruce D, Parry B. Integrated care: a Scottish perspective. London J Prim Care (Abingdon). 2015; 7(3): 44–48.3. Cringles MC. Developing an integrated care pathway to manage cancer pain across primary, secondary and tertiary care. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2002 May 8;247279.4. Ettema RGA, Eastwood JG, Schrijvers G. Towards Evidence Based Integrated Care. International journal of integrated care 2018;18(s2):293. DOI: 10.5334/ijic.s22935. Evers SM, Paulus AT. Health economics and integrated care: a growing and challenging relationship. Int J Integr Care. 2015 Jun 17;15:e024.6. Goodwin N, Dixon A, Anderson G, Wodchis W. Providing integrated care for older people with complex needs: lessons from seven international case studies. King’s Fund London; 2014.7. Huber M, van Vliet M, Giezenberg M, Winkens B, Heerkens Y, Dagnelie PC, Knottnerus JA. Towards a 'patient-centred' operationalisation of the new dynamic concept of health: a mixed methods study. BMJ Open. 2016 Jan 12;6(1):e010091. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-0100918. Lewis M. Integrated care in Wales: a summary position. London J Prim Care (Abingdon). 2015; 7(3): 49–54.9. Olsson EL, Hansson E, Ekman I, Karlsson J. A cost-effectiveness study of a patient-centred integrated care pathway. 2009 65;1626–1635.10. Spicer J. Integrated care in the UK: variations on a theme? London J Prim Care (Abingdon). 2015; 7(3): 41–43.11. Topol E. (2016) The Patient Will See You Now. The Future of Medicine Is in Your Hands. New York: Basic Books.
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Sakaeva, Elvira Zinurovna. "Classification of social and medical services to the population of the region." In International Scientific and Practical Conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-553103.
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Taking into account the individual needs of recipients of social and medical services, they are provided with specific medical services in the form of inpatient, semi-stationary and in the form of social services at home. The article examines the classification of social and medical services in all forms of public service.
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Lane, Diarmaid. "‘Centering’ Teaching Excellence in Higher Education." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9408.
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This paper explores the complexity of ‘teaching excellence’ (Kreber, 2002) in contemporary higher education. It describes how a university academic, who has been the recipient of numerous teaching awards, questions if they really are an ‘excellent teacher’ and if their student-centered philosophy is sustainable. An analysis of data related to teaching and learning effectiveness over a seven year period highlights a significant weakness in how the academic approached the teaching of undergraduate students. This had a subsequent negative effect on several levels. The paper concludes by describing the merits of academics ‘centering’ themselves between the corporate university and the needs of students in striving for ‘teaching excellence’.
Reports on the topic "Recipient need"
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Butyrina, Maria, and Valentina Ryvlina. MEDIATIZATION OF ART: VIRTUAL MUSEUM AS MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11075.
Full textAbstract:
The research is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of mediatization of art on the example of virtual museums. Main objective of the study is to give communication characteristics of the mediatized socio-cultural institutions. The subject of the research is forms, directions and communication features of virtual museums. Methodology. In the process of study, the method of communication analysis, which allowed to identify and characterize the main factors of the museum’s functioning as a communication system, was used. Among them, special emphasis is put on receptive and metalinguistic functions. Results / findings and conclusions. The need to be competitive in the information space determines the gradual transformation of socio-cultural institutions into mass media, which is reflected in the content and forms of dialogue with recipients. When cultural institutions begin to function as media, they take on the features of media structures that create a communication environment localized by the functions of communicators and audience expectations. Museums function in such a way that along with the real art space they form a virtual space, which puts the recipients into the reality of the exhibitions based on the principle of immersion. Mediaization of art on the example of virtual museum institutions allows us to talk about: expanding of the perceptual capabilities of the audience; improvement of the exposition function of mediatized museums with the help of Internet technologies; interactivity of museum expositions; providing broad contextual background knowledge necessary for a deep understanding of the content of works of art; the possibility to have a delayed viewing of works of art; absence of thematic, time and space restrictions; possibility of communication between visitors; a huge target audience. Significance. The study of the mediatized forms of communication between museums and visitors as well as the directions of their transformation into media are certainly of interest to the scientific field of “Social Communications”.
2
Sarofim, Samer. Developing an Effective Targeted Mobile Application to Enhance Transportation Safety and Use of Active Transportation Modes in Fresno County: The Role of Application Design & Content. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2013.
Full textAbstract:
This research empirically investigates the need for, and the effective design and content of, a proposed mobile application that is targeted at pedestrians and cyclists in Fresno County. The differential effect of the proposed mobile app name and colors on the target audience opinions was examined. Further, app content and features were evaluated for importance and the likelihood of use. This included design appeal, attractiveness, relevance, ease of navigation, usefulness of functions, personalization and customization, message recipients’ attitudes towards message framing, and intended behaviors related to pedestrian, cyclist, and motorist traffic safety practices. Design mobile application features tested included image aesthetics, coherence and organization, and memorability and distinction. Potential engagement with the mobile app was assessed via measuring the users’ perceived enjoyment while using the app. The behavioral intentions to adopt the app and likelihood to recommend the app were assessed. The willingness to pay for purchasing the app was measured. This research provided evidence that a mobile application designed for pedestrians and cyclists is needed, with high intentions for its adoption. Functions, such as Safety Information, Weather Conditions, Guide to Trails, Events for Walkers and Bikers, and Promotional Offers are deemed important by the target population. This research was conducted in an effort to increase active transportation mode utilization and to enhance the safety of vulnerable road users. The public, city administrators, transportation authorities, and policy makers shall benefit from the results of this study by adapting the design and the features that are proposed in this research and were found appealing and useful for the target vulnerable road user groups. The need of the proposed mobile application and its main functions are established, based on the results of this research, which propagates further steps of implementation by city administrators and transportation authorities.
3
Krushelnytska, Sofiia. UKRAINE’S IMAGE IN THE FRENCH MEDIA DURING THE EVENTS OF 2004. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11065.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the formation of the image of Ukraine by the French media during the Orange Revolution. The main factors influencing the tone of publications and difficulties in creating a positive external image of Ukraine in the French media are identified. The article is aimed at the analysis of scientific research on the influence of the French media on the formation of the image of Ukraine and its role in international socio-political processes. The study analyzes the materials of French journalists in the media, written during the events in 2004. The main factors influencing the formation of positive features of the Ukrainian state are identified. The main changes in perceptions of Ukraine in the French media are systematized. The influence of the media on the formation of the image and security of the state is determined. The main peaks of interest in Ukraine from foreign mass media are analyzed. Stereotypes and myths in the image of Ukraine that should be destroyed have been identified. The article also analyzes the role of the Orange Revolution in forming a positive image of Ukraine for foreign recipients. It is also investigated what factors influence the information space of the state and its role in image formation. Examples of Russian influence on the French media in order to undermine Ukraine’s image at the international level are given. Articles, radio and TV materials are offered as an example of interest and attention to the events of 2004. At the same time, the need to control the information that enters the information space outside Ukraine has been demonstrated. However, the positive effects of the image on the support of Ukraine by foreign partners have been identified.
4
Nolan, Brian, Brenda Gannon, Richard Layte, Dorothy Watson, Christopher T. Whelan, and James Williams. Monitoring Poverty Trends in Ireland: Results from the 2000 Living in Ireland survey. ESRI, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/prs45.
Full textAbstract:
This study is the latest in a series monitoring the evolution of poverty, based on data gathered by The ESRI in the Living in Ireland Surveys since 1994. These have allowed progress towards achieving the targets set out in the National Anti Poverty Strategy since 1997 to be assessed. The present study provides an updated picture using results from the 2000 round of the Living in Ireland survey. The numbers interviewed in the 2000 Living in Ireland survey were enhanced substantially, to compensate for attrition in the panel survey since it commenced in 1994. Individual interviews were conducted with 8,056 respondents. Relative income poverty lines do not on their own provide a satisfactory measure of exclusion due to lack of resources, but do nonetheless produce important key indicators of medium to long-term background trends. The numbers falling below relative income poverty lines were most often higher in 2000 than in 1997 or 1994. The income gap for those falling below these thresholds also increased. By contrast, the percentage of persons falling below income lines indexed only to prices (rather than average income) since 1994 or 1997 fell sharply, reflecting the pronounced real income growth throughout the distribution between then and 2000. This contrast points to the fundamental factors at work over this highly unusual period: unemployment fell very sharply and substantial real income growth was seen throughout the distribution, including social welfare payments, but these lagged behind income from work and property so social welfare recipients were more likely to fall below thresholds linked to average income. The study shows an increasing probability of falling below key relative income thresholds for single person households, those affected by illness or disability, and for those who are aged 65 or over - many of whom rely on social welfare support. Those in households where the reference person is unemployed still face a relatively high risk of falling below the income thresholds but continue to decline as a proportion of all those below the lines. Women face a higher risk of falling below those lines than men, but this gap was marked among the elderly. The study shows a marked decline in deprivation levels across different household types. As a result consistent poverty, that is the numbers both below relative income poverty lines and experiencing basic deprivation, also declined sharply. Those living in households comprising one adult with children continue to face a particularly high risk of consistent poverty, followed by those in families with two adults and four or more children. The percentage of adults in households below 70 per cent of median income and experiencing basic deprivation was seen to have fallen from 9 per cent in 1997 to about 4 per cent, while the percentage of children in such households fell from 15 per cent to 8 per cent. Women aged 65 or over faced a significantly higher risk of consistent poverty than men of that age. Up to 2000, the set of eight basic deprivation items included in the measure of consistent poverty were unchanged, so it was important to assess whether they were still capturing what would be widely seen as generalised deprivation. Factor analysis suggested that the structuring of deprivation items into the different dimensions has remained remarkably stable over time. Combining low income with the original set of basic deprivation indicators did still appear to identify a set of households experiencing generalised deprivation as a result of prolonged constraints in terms of command over resources, and distinguished from those experiencing other types of deprivation. However, on its own this does not tell the whole story - like purely relative income measures - nor does it necessarily remain the most appropriate set of indicators looking forward. Finally, it is argued that it would now be appropriate to expand the range of monitoring tools to include alternative poverty measures incorporating income and deprivation. Levels of deprivation for some of the items included in the original basic set were so low by 2000 that further progress will be difficult to capture empirically. This represents a remarkable achievement in a short space of time, but poverty is invariably reconstituted in terms of new and emerging social needs in a context of higher societal living standards and expectations. An alternative set of basic deprivation indicators and measure of consistent poverty is presented, which would be more likely to capture key trends over the next number of years. This has implications for the approach adopted in monitoring the National Anti-Poverty Strategy. Monitoring over the period to 2007 should take a broader focus than the consistent poverty measure as constructed to date, with attention also paid to both relative income and to consistent poverty with the amended set of indicators identified here.