Academic literature on the topic 'Reciprocal knowing'
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Journal articles on the topic "Reciprocal knowing"
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Joinson, Adam N. "Knowing Me, Knowing You: Reciprocal Self-Disclosure in Internet-Based Surveys." CyberPsychology & Behavior 4, no. 5 (October 2001): 587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/109493101753235179.
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Bartnæs, Pernille, and Anne Myrstad. "Knowing-with-snow in an outdoor kindergarten." Journal for Research in Arts and Sports Education 6, no. 1 (January 6, 2022): 76–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/jased.v6.3012.
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This article highlights how reciprocal relationships between children and the environment can contribute to exploring understanding of children’s learning in the outdoor environment. We draw on data from a kindergarten in the northern part of Norway, where we have carried out fieldwork three hours a week from October to mid-May. During this period, the outdoor area was covered with snow of varying qualities. Snow and weather conditions are included as elements in a relational understanding, in which the environment is understood as open and dynamic – an interaction between past and present, between geography, materiality, people and the ‘more-than-human’. The learner and the environment are understood as an indivisible process, where different elements exercise a reciprocal influence on each other. Using Ingold’s concept of correspondence, we explore how children learn by being within and with the world. The article is a contribution to creating a nuanced understanding of children’s learning and the educator’s role within an outdoor environment in kindergarten practice.
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Zimmer, J. Christopher, Riza Arsal, Mohammad Al-Marzouq, Dewayne Moore, and Varun Grover. "Knowing your customers: Using a reciprocal relationship to enhance voluntary information disclosure." Decision Support Systems 48, no. 2 (January 2010): 395–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2009.10.003.
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Chew, Kari, and Sheilah Nicholas. "Cultivating Enduring and Reciprocal Relationships in Academia." Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education 13, Summer (August 3, 2021): 65–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v13isummer.3254.
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This article takes form following an exchange of letters in which the Chickasaw and Hopi authors reflected on an Indigenous mentorship relationship in higher education as the embodiment of a carved-out space for Indigenous ways of knowing and being. They begin the story of their faculty mentor-doctoral mentee relationship with the memory of the mentee’s graduation from the doctorate program and the gifting of a shawl. This moment was both a culminating and rebirthing of a relationship, an Indigenization of the institutional university hooding graduation ceremony. The authors privilege an Indigenous gift paradigm based in values of care and notions of kinship. Together, they ask and explore questions of how such a gift paradigm is created, enacted, and sustained in higher education. They reflect on practices which cultivated, nurtured, and sustained the mentorship relationship through the years from admission and leading up to the doctoral graduation ceremony, and beyond.
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Fougère, Martin, Nikodemus Solitander, and Sanchi Maheshwari. "Achieving Responsible Management Learning Through Enriched Reciprocal Learning: Service-Learning Projects and the Role of Boundary Spanners." Journal of Business Ethics 162, no. 4 (November 28, 2019): 795–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04365-8.
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AbstractThrough its focus on deep and experiential learning, service-learning (SL) has become increasingly popular within the business school curriculum. While a reciprocal dimension has been foundational to SL, the reciprocality that is emphasized in business ethics literature is often on the relationship between the service experience and the academic content, rather than reciprocal learning of the service providers (students) and the recipients (organizations and their managers), let alone other stakeholders. Drawing on the notion of enriched reciprocal learning and on Aristotle’s typology of modes of knowing, we (1) revisit reciprocal learning by illustrating what kinds of learning occur for server and served in four SL projects from a project course in CSR, and (2) emphasize the role of boundary spanners from the project organizations in making this reciprocal learning happen and translating the various types of student learning in ways that are useful for their organizations. We find that when boundary spanners are particularly engaged at making the projects impactful, they contribute to making the learning experiences of students, managers (including themselves) and sometimes other stakeholders useful, multidimensional, and ultimately rewarding.
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Ferdous, Tabassum, and Bobby Harreveld. "Reciprocal Knowing for Diabetes Literacy among Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Individuals in Australia." International Journal of Health, Wellness, and Society 1, no. 4 (2012): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2156-8960/cgp/v01i04/41197.
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Perion, Jennifer, and Victoria Steiner. "Perceptions of reciprocity in friendship by community dwelling people with mild to moderate dementia." Dementia 18, no. 6 (November 24, 2017): 2107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301217742503.
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Positive social interaction is important for people with dementia, providing emotional and psychological benefits. Friendships may retain more reciprocal balance than caregiver relationships, which often become one-sided. This qualitative study investigates the meaning that friendship has for people with dementia, and how reciprocity relates to positive social identity. Individuals experiencing dementia were recruited from programs sponsored by a Midwest chapter of The Alzheimer’s Association. In a face-to-face, one-time interview, participants were asked to share their perceptions about reciprocal friendship. Participants included 10 individuals who were primarily White, averaged 76 years old, with at least some college education. The data were analyzed using a phenomenological approach that revealed five themes of reciprocal friendship: recognizing the importance of longevity in friendship, helping one another is a normal part of friendship, feeling “alive” through the give and take in friendship, knowing somebody is there for them, and seeking security through friendship.
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Pitre, Nicole Y., and Florence Myrick. "A view of nursing epistemology through reciprocal interdependence: towards a reflexive way of knowing." Nursing Philosophy 8, no. 2 (April 2007): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-769x.2007.00298.x.
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Connelly, F. Michael, and Shijing Xu. "Reciprocal Learning in the Partnership Project: From Knowing to Doing in Comparative Research Models." Teachers and Teaching 25, no. 6 (August 18, 2019): 627–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2019.1601077.
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Harrison-Buck, Eleanor, Astrid Runggaldier, and Alex Gantos. "It’s the journey not the destination: Maya New Year's pilgrimage and self-sacrifice as regenerative power." Journal of Social Archaeology 18, no. 3 (October 2018): 325–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469605318764138.
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This article examines Maya New Year's rites involving pilgrimage and bloodletting. We suggest that ceremonies today that center around the initiation of young men and involve self-sacrifice and long-distance pilgrimage to the mountains and coast may have pre-Hispanic roots. New Year's ceremonies express a core ontological principle of dualistic transformation involving physical change ( jal) from youth to adulthood and transference or replacement ( k’ex) of power in official leadership roles. This distinct way of knowing the world emphasizes one’s reciprocal relationship with it. We conclude that ancient Maya pilgrimage was not about acquiring a particular thing or venerating a specific place or destination. It was about the journey or what Timothy Ingold calls “ambulatory knowing.” The Maya gained cosmological knowledge, linking the movement of their body to the annual path of the sun and their sexuality and human regenerative power to earthly renewal, which required blood to be successful.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reciprocal knowing"
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(9795737), Tabassum Ferdous. "Everybody’s business: Self-management of diabetes among a cohort of culturally and linguistically diverse individuals in regional Australia." Thesis, 2012. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Everybody_s_business_Self-management_of_diabetes_among_a_cohort_of_culturally_and_linguistically_diverse_individuals_in_regional_Australia/13432844.
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"In spite of various health care initiatives, diabetes self-management among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrant Australians is poor. This improper diabetes self-management is becoming a burden on the Australian economy. The literature review of this thesis also suggests that while individual attributes such as knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and demographics impact on self-management of diabetes, collaboration of different levels of influences, from immediate family members to health policy makers are mandatory. Such a collaborative effort can be supported by existing models of health promotion based on socio-ecological theory. In Australia very few socio-ecological theory based studies were reported in terms of the knowledge, self-care activities and experiences about diabetes self-management among CALD people. Particularly, to date no such study has conveyed the voices of the CALD people living with diabetes in regional Australia. Therefore, this study has been conducted in a regional setting and twenty-nine (29) CALD males and females from a regional area participated in this study. For the data collection and data analysis of this study I have chosen a mixed methods approach under the interpretive-constructivist paradigm. The study found that demographics such as age, education, level of English proficiency, and cultural factors such as traditional food, values, beliefs, language and socio-structural factors such as provision of health education, play a significant role in diabetes self-management among this cohort. Further, the socio-culturally constructed role of gender is found to be an overarching issue in diabetes self-management which determines the efficiency of diabetes self-management among the CALD women in this study. It is recommended that health service providers should be sensitive to the needs and barriers of CALD female individuals living with diabetes. Moreover, the study suggests that the problem of diabetes self-management need to be addressed by health care services, in terms of social, cultural and environmental influences surrounding an individual. However, these health service consumers also need to be informed of the culture and health care service system in the host1 country. Therefore, in addition to multi-level support, this study advocates that reciprocal knowing between health service providers and the consumers is an essential element for successful self-management of diabetes among these people. Particularly, this reciprocal knowing is vital in a regional context, where absolutely culturally competent health service provision is not feasible for a small but heterogeneous CALD migrant population. The sample size and time within which the study was undertaken, did not allow significant quantitative explorations as well as further qualitative inquiries about different levels of influence for diabetes self-management. The mixed methods approach and use of participants’ actual voices as data provide an evidentiary basis for further research opportunities in this area."--Abstract.
Books on the topic "Reciprocal knowing"
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Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. The Nonadaptive Forces of Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0004.
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This chapter examines the relative strengths of the nonadaptive evolutionary forces (drift, mutation, recombination) acting on genomes. It reviews estimators for effective population size, mutation rate, and recombination rate, and summarizes the known genomic results over a wide range of taxa. The mutation rate tends to be lower in organisms with larger effective population sizes, consistent with the drift-barrier hypothesis wherein selection is ineffective when it is less than the reciprocal of the effective population size.
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Kahan, Dan M. Protecting or Polluting the Science Communication Environment? Edited by Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Dan M. Kahan, and Dietram A. Scheufele. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190497620.013.45.
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This chapter examines childhood vaccines. It is animated by two reciprocal goals. One is to illustrate how the quality of the science communicating environment—the sum total of practices and cues that orient individuals in relation to what is known by science—affects the public’s recognition of one vital form of decision-relevant science. The other is to underscore the critical need for self-conscious management of the quality of the science communication environment to protect public health.
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Joseph, Lisa, Sarah Spence, and Audrey Thurm. Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Clinical Overview. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199744312.003.0002.
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Autism spectrum disorders (otherwise known as pervasive developmental disorders) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by impairments in reciprocal social interaction and communication, and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. In order to provide a framework for appreciating the advances that basic science and model systems have made to the field, this chapter will outline the behaviorally defining features of the disorder and describe the phenotype of autism. We will present the current diagnostic conceptualization and criteria for autism spectrum disorders, discuss the diagnostic assessment process, explore frequently co-occurring problems in individuals with autism, and introduce various types of treatments that are frequently employed in this population.
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Derrick, Jaye L., and Kenneth E. Leonard. Substance Use in Committed Relationships. Edited by Kenneth J. Sher. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199381678.013.012.
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This chapter reviews the reciprocal relationship between committed relationships and substance use. Relationship processes affect substance use in three major ways. First, married people tend to use fewer substances than unmarried people, a phenomenon known as the marriage effect. Second, through assortative mating and convergence, spouses tend to be similar to each other in terms of substance use. Third, lower marital quality is associated with increased substance use. Substance use also affects three aspects of marital quality: greater substance use is associated with more negative marital interactions, decreased marital satisfaction and stability, and increased intimate partner violence. The effect of concordance in substance use is discussed. Current limitations of the literature and future directions are described.
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Brisbin, Richard A. Local Courts. Edited by Donald P. Haider-Markel. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579679.013.019.
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The penalization of crime and the provision of social and economic order through the development and application of policies that resolve disputes among citizens, businesses, and governments are crucial activities for state and local governments. This chapter reviews scholarly studies of how state and local courts of general, limited, and special jurisdiction deliver these public services. With attention to the agenda, procedures, personnel, and outcome of the operations of local courts and the state and local institutions that assist the courts, the chapter addresses what is known about the influence of politics on their activities and their reciprocal influence on state and local politics. Special consideration is devoted to the limitations of the multidisciplinary studies of the behavior and political function of these institutions.
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Graves, Margaret S. Building Ornament. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695910.003.0003.
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This chapter scrutinizes the allusive potential of ornament and the two-dimensional paradigm that dominates ornament studies. Surveying the historiography of architecture-as-ornament, the chapter explores ornament’s relationship with the third dimension. In particular, it focuses on the potential for architectural motifs, especially arches and arcades, to confound two-dimensionality through the generation of fictive spaces that articulate and order form as well as surface. The chapter focuses first on the image of the arcade in various media and particularly on a group of inlaid metalwares with Christological scenes. Next, it moves to thirteenth-century Mosul and the surrounding area to explore the reciprocal relationship between plastic systems of three-dimensional ornament on buildings, metalwares, and a remarkable group of large architectonic earthenware water jars known as ḥabbs.
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Pascal, Pichonnaz. Ch.8 Set-off, Introduction to Chapter 8 of the PICC. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198702627.003.0163.
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Chapter 8 of the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC) deals with set-off. Set-off, also known as compensation, is generally defined as a mechanism by which two (or more) reciprocal obligations of an obligor (debtor) and an obligee (creditor) can be extinguished up to the level of the smaller amount if the requirements fixed by the applicable law are met. It is therefore an effective and simplified way of discharging a party's obligation, avoiding overlapping payments (‘circuity of payment’) or performances. Chapter 8 addresses the issue of set-off in five provisions: conditions of set-off, foreign currency set-off, set-off by notice, content of notice, and effect of set-off. It considers set-off in the case of assignment of rights, transfer of obligations, assignment of a contract, and when the obligation is affected by the limitation period.
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Zelazo, Philip David. Developmental Psychology. Edited by Philip David Zelazo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199958474.013.0001.
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ThisHandbooksurveys what is now known about psychological development from birth to biological maturity, and it reflects the emergence of a new synthetic approach to developmental science that is based on several theoretical and methodological commitments. According to this new view: (1) psychological phenomena are usefully studied at multiple levels of analysis; (2) psychological development depends on neural plasticity, which extends across the lifespan; (3) the effect of any particular influence on psychological development will depend on the context in which it occurs; (4) psychological phenomena, and developmental changes in psychological phenomena, typically reflect multiple, simultaneous causal influences; and (5) these causal influences are often reciprocal. Research based on this synthetic approach provides new insights into the way in which processes operating at many levels of analysis (cultural, social, cognitive, neural, and molecular) work together to yield human behavior and changes in human behavior.
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Sáenz, Carmen López. The Phenomenal Body Is Not Born; It Comes to Be a Body-Subject. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608811.003.0011.
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Phenomenology distinguishes body-object (Körper) from lived body (Leib). It is interested in the latter, in the body that manifests itself to us in our lived experiences and gives them expression. Beauvoir’s phenomenology of sexual difference shares this starting point. This contribution continues Beauvoir’s hermeneutic by focusing on her well-known declaration: “On ne naît pas femme: on le devient,” keeping in mind that interpretations are given from and for certain situations; our situation is that of the 21st century and of phenomenological and feminist investigations. Given that translation is itself a mode of interpretation, this paper will show how The Second Sex has contributed to an understanding of the becoming of woman, first by giving an account of the hermeneutic understanding of translation, and next the phenomenological “style” of Beauvoir and the reciprocal influence between her and Merleau-Ponty, which opens the possibility of sexual difference without determinisms.
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Crescenzi, Mark J. C., Rebecca H. Best, and Bo Ram Kwon. Reciprocity in International Studies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.414.
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Reciprocity refers to the character of the actions and reactions between two or more actors. This character is commonly one of responding in kind to the actions of another. As such, reciprocity is considered one of the fundamental processes observed by scholars in the study of international relations (IR). In the realm of international politics, the study of reciprocity typically encompasses formal/experimental and empirical research. Some scholars look at ethical dimensions and the propagation of norms such as the Golden Rule, while others undertake empirical analysis of patterns of reciprocity in search of answers to questions about the existence, predictability, and diffusion of reciprocity. As a concept, reciprocity has applications in a range of IR topics such as the basic ingredients of cooperation, the escalation and return of conflict, and the adherence to international law. Within the realm of conflict processes, the iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) and formal frameworks are often used to represent arms races and similar security concerns. Related to the iterated PD is the work of Robert Axelrod, who demonstrated the robustness of the reciprocal strategy known as tit-for-tat (TFT). One puzzle on reciprocity that deserves consideration in future research is that the expectation of a long time horizon for interaction should stimulate the incentive to cooperate, but long time horizons may also be associated with long pasts. One way to find the answer to this puzzle is to incorporate reciprocity into more general models of international interaction.
Book chapters on the topic "Reciprocal knowing"
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Ewert, Alan W., Denise S. Mitten, and Jillisa R. Overholt. "Natural landscapes and human health: an introduction and overview." In Health and natural landscapes: concepts and applications, 1–9. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245400.0001.
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Abstract This book chapter approaches the linkage between natural landscapes and human health through the lens of two guiding questions, the first considering the various ways nature benefits human health from both historic and contemporary perspectives, and the second considering the mechanisms through which this relationship occurs. In doing so, we consider the ways societies and cultures have mediated our relationship with the natural world over time, and the ways human health and planetary health are intertwined. It also examines these influences by providing an overview of what is currently known about specific variables, such as physical activity in natural landscapes, as well as discussing some of the past and current theories that seek to explain how these connections actually work. The book provides a bridge between what we do (individually and collectively) in natural settings and how those actions impact our health and our relationships with the natural world. The hope is that the information presented here empowers students and professionals to learn more and to be part of the rich dialogue occurring in many disciplines to help find ways to increase well-being for all people. The aim is for the readers to think critically about research and be able to analyse and evaluate the results. The bottom line, based on the undertaking of this book and the experience of the authors, is that nature has been and continues to be essential and incredibly positive for human life, and that mutualistic and reciprocal connections with nature will positively influence human development, health, and wellbeing.
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Morel, Eric. "Narrative Knowing and Narrative Practice: Opportunities for Reciprocal Learning across Science-Facing Humanities." In The Bloomsbury Handbook to the Medical-Environmental Humanities. Bloomsbury Academic, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350197336.ch-002.
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Zaharna, R. S. "Relational Logic." In Boundary Spanners of Humanity, 82–101. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190930271.003.0005.
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Chapter 4 ventures back to the ancient Near East to explore the diplomatic bonding practices among a brotherhood of the kings. Their reciprocal exchange of gifts, greetings, and brides, known as Amarna diplomacy, provides a window into the Relational logic. The Relational logic focuses on the level of the paired relationship and views the communication experience through the prism of the relational bond. Emotion serves as the key thread running throughout the communication dynamics that seek to define and strengthen relational bonds. Drawing on examples from ancient Amarna diplomacy and contemporary public diplomacy, the chapter presents the communication dynamics associated with the Relational logic: contact points, nonverbal behaviors, emotional expression, perspective-taking, reciprocity, and symbolism. The chapter concludes with insights from neuroscience and the communication functions of emotions in shaping relational identities, forging relational bonds, and fostering intuitive ways of knowing.
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Strobel, Kyle. "Knowing as you are Known." In Analyzing Prayer, 166–82. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192859044.003.0011.
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This chapter attends to the nature of Christian prayer as a form of shared presence. How might one respond if one experiences abandonment, isolation, or condemnation in prayer? This practical question follows more theoretical material on how Christian prayer assumes a twofold presence: God’s unique presence to the Christian and the Christian’s call to reciprocate that presence with a significant personal presence. The chapter grounds prayer theologically, before addressing prayer by faith alone. Following this, first, a feature of Eleonore Stump’s profound articulation of personal presence is narrated. Second, the chapter uses the notion of faith to articulate the mode of Christian prayer, and the implications for understanding one’s experience of prayer. Finally, the chapter addresses the seemingly ubiquitous experience of alienation in prayer, utilizing two key biblical passages. Reformed theology is drawn on for various instincts and constructs that can speak into the odd reality of prayer.
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Weinrib, Ernest J. "Public Right." In Reciprocal Freedom, 67—C4.N59. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754183.003.0004.
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Abstract This chapter deals with the relationship between the rights of private law and what Kant calls ‘public right’, that is, the condition in which public institutions guarantee rights. The rights of private law cannot be enjoyed without their being authoritatively determined and enforced by public institutions. Whereas corrective justice links the parties to a transaction bilaterally through its correlative structure, public right is omnilateral, linking everyone to everyone else. Two normative ideas inform public right: publicness (that public institutions secure everyone’s rights on the basis of reasons that can be known and acknowledged by all) and systematicity (that legal norms and institutions form a systematic whole). The distinctive normative commitments of public right may modify the principle of a court’s decision without, however, changing the structure and content of the private law right itself. Publicness can have this effect, as Kant illustrated in his discussion of market overt. Systematicity operates similarly, sometimes extending and sometimes modulating the effect of the plaintiff’s right. To illustrate this, the chapter presents two doctrines (inducing breach of contract and assignment) that extend the effects of contract from the contracting parties to third parties, and two doctrines (the privilege to preserve property in Vincent v Lake Erie, and liability for private nuisance) that modulate the entitlements to exclude and to use that are indigenous to ownership. Public right thus makes make right-holders reciprocally determining participants in the legal system, thereby transforming private law into a community of rights.
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Sherman, Kerry A., and Christopher J. Kilby. "Fear, anxiety, and adjustment disorder in palliative care." In Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine, edited by Nathan I. Cherny, Marie T. Fallon, Stein Kaasa, Russell K. Portenoy, and David C. Currow, 756–63. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198821328.003.0073.
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Palliative care has major implications for the psychological well-being of not only the patient, but also family members and those close to them. Being offered palliative care can send a variety of signals to a patient, including a sense that the medical system has failed them and that their life is about to end, or maybe a sense of relief in knowing that their suffering will end soon. The family of the patient also experience a range of emotions associated with palliative care, often mimicking that of the patient. Although palliative care aims to minimize suffering and improve the quality of death for the patient, it is critical that the psychosocial well-being of the patient is addressed; neglect of these concerns will compromise the quality of palliative care, the quality of death, and overall psychological, emotional, and spiritual well-being of the patient, despite improvements in physical suffering. This chapter discusses the key importance of the need for reciprocal open communication and information provision during this difficult time between the patient, their family, and the palliative healthcare team. Ineffective communication can jeopardize the psychosocial well-being of the patient, with feelings of existential threat, isolation, depression, fear, anxiety, hopelessness, and wishing for a hastened death commonly reported. This chapter highlights these issues and provides an overview of evidence-based established approaches addressing the psychological well-being of both the patient and their family. An overarching theme across all intervention approaches is to maintain honest, open communication between medical staff, the patient, and their family.
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Tirado-Cordero, Iván, and Kathleen M. Hargiss. "Exploring Local Interaction Attributes Affecting Leadership Effectiveness on Assignment in Multinational Companies." In Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics, 37–70. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1680-4.ch003.
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Social cognitive theory is founded on the belief that learning is shared socially. Triadic reciprocal determinism explains the interrelationship and interaction between environmental cues, behavior, and biological determinants to shape and alter the perception of the self and how individuals assume agentic perspectives in social interactions to approach challenges and pursue goals. Knowing how learners perceived their likelihood to achieve success also provides for a better understanding of the constraints and opportunities of a proposed learning solution. The purpose of this study was to explore the self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents as part of the analysis of the learners in the instructional design system (ISD) model in terms of entry behaviors for the design of a peer tutoring learning environment. The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) was used to interview participants, using the questions as open-ended questions. Observations of the social interactions between participants were collected during focus groups to discuss their responses to the GSE scale. The results of this study suggested that individuals with high self-efficacy not only assume a direct personal agentic perspective when acting alone but that they also assume and motivate others to engage in a collective agentic perspective. Individuals with low self-efficacy assume proxy or surrogate agentic perspectives in social interactions and require prompting to engage and participate. High self-efficacy indicates effective collaboration through the collective agency, which affects success positively in a peer tutoring learning environment. Low self-efficacy affects negatively success in peer tutoring, because individuals with low self-efficacy assume a proxy or surrogate agentic perspective detaching themselves from the interactions. However, individuals with low self-efficacy, through prompting and motivation from peers with high self-efficacy can improve their interactions and as goals are reached, improve self-efficacy.
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Chang, Yu-Wei, Ping-Yu Hsu, Wen-Lung Shiau, and Yun-Shan Cheng. "The Effects of Individual and National Cultures in Knowledge Sharing." In Information Diffusion Management and Knowledge Sharing, 513–32. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0417-8.ch025.
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A major challenge for multinational companies is to motivate employees with different individual cultural characteristics and national cultures to share knowledge. Although comparative studies across different countries have been conducted, little is known about the effects of individual cultural differences in this context. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of individual and national cultures in knowledge sharing. The individual cultural characteristics of power distance, individualism/collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance are incorporated into the model as antecedents of knowledge-sharing motivations (organizational rewards, image, and reciprocal benefits). National cultural differences are examined by subjects conducted in the U.S. and China. Results show that power distance is significantly related to reciprocal benefits for the U.S. but not for China. Individualism/collectivism is related to organizational rewards and image for the U.S. but not for China, while individualism/collectivism is significantly related to reciprocal benefits for China but not for the U.S. Uncertainty avoidance is significantly related to reciprocal benefits for the U.S. but not for China. This study provides knowledge-sharing practices and managements for multinational companies attempting to motivate U.S. and Chinese employees to share knowledge.
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"Planes and Crystal Morphology." In Pharmaceutical Crystallography: A Guide to Structure and Analysis, 68–81. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781782629665-00068.
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Defining planes in a crystal is necessary to describe morphology and for visualisation and description of a diffraction pattern. Planes in crystals are defined relative to the unit cell using a set of three integers called Miller indices. Since a crystal is periodic by translation, Miller indices actually describe sets of planes through the crystal with a perpendicular separation known as the d-spacing. Each set of planes can be efficiently represented by its normal vector, which has its direction perpendicular to the planes. If the length of the normal vector is defined as the reciprocal of the d-spacing, the ends of the vectors representing many sets of planes define a lattice, called the reciprocal lattice. The crystal habit can be constructed by placing each external crystal face along the line of its associated normal vector at some defined distance from the crystal's centre. The resulting habit is dominated by the faces that lie closest to the origin.
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Nunes, Michelle, Umesh Sharma, Nina Tsakadze, Lourdes Benes Lima, Mays Alani, Aqsa Ullah, Carlyn Rodriguez-Nazario, Joshua Rossi, and Fabian Rossi. "Sleep Disorders and Epilepsy." In Updates in Sleep Neurology and Obstructive Sleep Apnea [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93989.
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Complex interplay and reciprocal interactions between sleep and epilepsy have been known for centuries. However, newer technologies and in-depth studies have provided us with better understanding of this relationship. Nocturnal seizures can interrupt sleep, while a number of factors, including antiepileptic drugs and sleep disorders, can aggravate seizures. Interestingly, different epileptic syndromes may trigger increase in seizure frequency at a certain phases of the sleep-wake cycle, while others may not show any correlation with these phases. We aim to provide an overview of the interactions between sleep and epilepsy, and provide better understanding how knowledge of the relationship between these two conditions can help more effective management of both disorders.
Conference papers on the topic "Reciprocal knowing"
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Yu, J. J., X. Dong, X. Pei, G. H. Zong, Xianwen Kong, and Qunxian Qiu. "Mobility and Singularity Analysis of a Class of 2-DOF Rotational Parallel Mechanisms Using a Visual Graphic Approach." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48274.
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In this paper, a simple and straightforward visual graphic approach for mobility and singularity analysis of mechanisms is introduced. Although the proposed method is established upon the reciprocal screw system theory, it needs no formula derivation instead knowing about a few simple rules. As a study case, mobility and singularity analysis for a class of two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) rotational parallel mechanisms i.e. well-know Omni-Wrist III with four limbs, and its two derived architectures with three limbs (named T-type and δ-type) is analyzed by the proposed method. As a result, a novel PKM derived from Omni-Wrist III is presented, which has the DOF and kinematics property close to Omni Wrist III.
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Dubois, Pierre-Olivier, and Lionel Birglen. "Analysis and Design of a Remote Center Compliance Universal Joint." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47749.
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This paper presents a novel mechanical design of a lower mobility remote center compliance linkage. This mechanism consists in three platforms connected by three legs with universal joints. Two of these platforms are attached to the ground while last one is the mobile platform. Using screw theory, it is first demonstrated that this mechanism allows its mobile platform to rotate around a fixed point in space without having a joint directly connected to this point. Indeed, knowing the mobility of the two former platforms, it is possible to define a wrench system for each leg and thus, find the reciprocal twist system of the mobile platform. Then, the results of the optimization of the mechanism’s design through a genetic algorithm is presented using the conditioning of its Jacobian matrix as a criterion. Finally, a compliant version of the mechanism is developed and a finite element analysis (FEA) simulation demonstrates the proper mobility of the system under typical loading scenarios.
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Zheng, Yisheng, Zhen Wu, Xinong Zhang, and K. W. Wang. "A Piezoelectric Metamaterial With Bistable Circuit Shunts for Adaptive Non-Reciprocal Elastic Wave Transmission." In ASME 2018 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2018-7924.
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In this paper, we present a piezoelectric metamaterial integrated with bistable circuits to realize adaptive non-reciprocal elastic wave transmission. Dynamics of the bistable circuit and the piezoelectric metamaterial are investigated numerically to analyze the wave transmission characteristics of the proposed system. Results reveal that when the excitation amplitude exceeds certain threshold, wave energy is able to propagate even with excitation frequency inside the local-resonance bandgap of the piezoelectric metamaterial. This bandgap transmission phenomenon is also known as supratransmission. It is shown that by introducing spatial asymmetry, the system could exhibit different supratransmission thresholds when it is actuated in opposite directions, and hence there exists an excitation range within which wave energy is only able to propagate in one direction. Furthermore, this excitation range to facilitate non-reciprocal energy transmission is adaptable by adjusting the stable equilibria of the bistable circuits, which can be conveniently tuned utilizing only DC voltage sources. Additionally, it is shown that by adjusting the stable equilibria, the wave propagation direction, analogous to the forward direction of an electrical diode, can be easily reversed. Lastly, in contrast to many nonlinearity enabled non-reciprocal systems, the proposed system is able to realize non-reciprocal elastic energy transmission with majority of the transmitted energy preserved at the original input frequency. Overall, these results illustrate a new means of utilizing nonlinear piezoelectric metamaterial to manipulate elastic wave transmission.
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Hiratsuka, K., H. Sayama, and B. Prakash. "Effect of Reciprocal Sliding on Severe-Mild Wear Transition." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64068.
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It is well known that adhesive wear is strongly dependent on load, sliding velocity, temperature and several other operating parameters. Besides these parameters, test configuration and type of motion also significantly affect the wear mode. For example, severe-mild wear transition is strongly dependent on the orientation of a test rig and the possibility of retention of wear particles on rubbing surface. It has earlier been shown that the retention of mild wear particles is crucial for severe-mild wear transition [1].
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Alba-Gomez, Ofelia, Philippe Wenger, and Alfonso Pamanes. "Consistent Kinetostatic Indices for Planar 3-DOF Parallel Manipulators, Application to the Optimal Kinematic Inversion." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84326.
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This paper investigates the problem of defining a consistent kinetostatic performance index for symmetric planar 3-DOF parallel manipulators. The condition number of the Jacobian matrix is known to be an interesting index. But since the Jacobian matrix is dimensionally inhomogeneous, a normalizing length must be used. This paper proposes two distinct kinetostatic indices. The first one is defined as the reciprocal of the condition number of the Jacobian matrix normalized with a convenient characteristic length. The second index is defined by a geometric interpretation of the “distance” to singularity. The two indices are compared and applied to the kinematic inversion in the presence of redundancy.
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Anerao, Nitesh, and Tulesh Kuma Tulesh Kuma. "Vibro-Acoustic Reciprocity Analysis Using Dodecahedral Sound Source and its Application for Material Assessment." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-mcf-062.
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NVH (Noise, Vibration and Harshness) is an important aspect of vehicle design since it is one of the biggest influencing factors for customer while making decision to buy a vehicle. Hence, automotive engineers strive to design superior cabin compartment to maintain pleasant levels of noise, vibration and the overall experience within the vehicle. Transfer function analysis is primarily used to quantify the relative relationship between source and receiver region. The focus of this paper is to measure vibro-acoustic transfer function using reciprocity approach instead of direct impact test measurement to evaluate the frequency response of heavy layer barrier materials. Normally, it is difficult to mount and quantify the correct response of such heavy damped materials in usual random incidence sound transmission test since its performance is very sensitive to leakage (less than 1% required). The purpose of demonstrating the vibro-acoustic reciprocity in a vehicle is to show that the principle works good even for non-linear system like vehicle, in most cases where mutual coupling effects are negligible and hence at most area the frequency response for tested material holds true even at vehicle level. The reciprocal measurement involves usage of dodecahedral sound source to acoustically excite the cabin from desired seating location and accelerometers being placed at all the response locations of interest on vehicle body. In case of direct measurement, vehicle body is excited using impact hammer and acoustic pressure is measured at desired seating location. It is observed that transfer function calculated with direct and reciprocal measurements showed a good match with overall deviation of less than 2 dB on an average. The reciprocal measurement based transfer function can be used as a logical input for prediction of receiver level sound pressure data/sound quality or prediction of source strength depending on the subject of requirement for dynamic tests. The validation helps in optimizing the traditional approach for measuring structural response using vibro-acoustic transfer function in frequency range of 80 - 5000 Hz. The traditional method involving impact hammer test for predicting response at various points in vehicles is a time taking process and inaccessible measurement locations are prone to error. The linearity of the reciprocity measurement is checked for various locations in vehicles and found to be working satisfactorily in frequency range of 80 - 5000 Hz where frequencies till 1000 Hz are very well correlated and deviations are observed above 1000 Hz comparatively for all measurement locations. The main idea of this paper is the application of above reciprocity principle for assessment of acoustic materials used for noise control. The reciprocal approach of predicting transfer function is used to capture frequency response of heavy layer barrier material which uniquely characterizes its behaviour. To verify that material comparison holds true, comparison of two test samples with known performance are also made and it is seen to correctly quantify the frequency behaviour of one sample with respect to other.
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Seeman, Nadrian C. "DNA: Not Merely the Secret of Life." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13211.
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DNA is well-known as the genetic material of living organisms. Its most prominent feature is that it contains information that enables it to replicate itself. This information is contained in the well-known Watson-Crick base pairing interactions, adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine. The double helical structure that results from this complementarity has become a cultural icon of our era. To produce species more diverse than the DNA double helix, we use the notion of reciprocal exchange, which leads to branched molecules. The topologies of these species are readily programmed through sequence selection; in many cases, it is also possible to program their structures. Branched species can be connected to one another using the same interactions that genetic engineers use to produce their constructs, cohesion by molecules tailed in complementary single-stranded overhangs, known as ‘sticky ends.’ Such sticky-ended cohesion is used to produce N-connected objects and lattices [1]. This notion is shown in the drawing, which shows cohesion between sticky-ended branched species.
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Scherr, Thomas F., Chunliang Wu, W. Todd Monroe, and Krishnaswamy Nandakumar. "Numerical Simulation of Cell Motility at Low Reynolds Number." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80280.
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As length scales decrease to microns, the mechanism for swimming becomes unfortunately counter-intuitive. In the macro-world, where human intuition has developed, we swim by accelerating the liquid around us. For microorganisms, which swim at Reynolds numbers much less than unity, Stokes law does not permit accelerations. As such, the fluid movement is governed entirely by the local boundaries of the microorganism and the fluid viscosity dampens velocity fluctuations rapidly as distance away from the swimmer increases. A well known byproduct of this, Purcell’s “Scallop Theorem”, forbids reciprocal motions to generate net forward movement [1]. To overcome this, flagella propagate waves down their length and cilia have asymmetric beats. This type of motility has been described as zero-thrust swimming since the net force on the organism-fluid system must be zero [2].
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Rico, Jose´ M., Luis D. Aguilera, Jaime Gallardo, Ramo´n Rodriguez, Horacio Orozco, and Juan Manuel Barrera. "A Matrix Based Mobility Criterion for Parallel Platforms." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-84937.
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This contribution presents a mobility criterion applicable to parallel platforms based on an analysis of the Jacobian matrices associated with the platform legs. It is important to note that this criterion is based on an analysis of the subalgebras of the Lie algebra, se(3), also known as screw algebra, of the Euclidean group, SE(3). The mathematical foundations of the method have been already presented in [1]. In this contribution it is shown that, employing a basic knowledge of linear algebra, it is possible to compute the correct mobility of a wider class of parallel manipulators, including the mobility of kinematically deficient parallel platforms and platforms with inactive pairs. Moreover, the criterion computes the passive degrees of freedom in parallel platforms. Finally, it should be emphasized that, unlike other attempts to develop a mobility criterion, the criterion developed in this contribution does not require any consideration of reciprocal screws.
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Bardy, Erik R., and Joseph C. Mollendorf. "Variation of the Thermal Conductivity of Elastomeric Foam With Pressure." In ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56227.
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In a previous study, the authors used well-known upper and lower bounds to develop the form of an empirical correlation for the thermal conductivity of foam insulation as a function of ambient pressure. The correlation was in terms of three constants which were determined by performing a nonlinear regression on experimentally measured thermal conductivity values of foam neoprene insulation at varying ambient pressure. In this previous work, the thermal conductivity of neoprene rubber was determined using the three constants, one of which is the reciprocal of the thermal conductivity of air. In the present paper, we show that the three correlation constants can, alternately, be determined by using values of the constituent thermal conductivities (e.g. air and rubber), and the effective thermal conductivity at one pressure only. Previously reported values of the measured effective thermal conductivity of foam neoprene insulation under applied pressure, up to 1.18 MPa, were found to have a maximum difference of about 14% of the values predicted using the correlation. It was also found that the accuracy of the correlation did not depend strongly on the reference pressure used.
Reports on the topic "Reciprocal knowing"
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Levin, Ilan, John Thomas, Moshe Lapidot, Desmond McGrath, and Denis Persley. Resistance to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in tomato: molecular mapping and introgression of resistance to Australian genotypes. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7613888.bard.
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Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is one of the most devastating viruses of cultivated tomatoes. Although first identified in the Mediterranean region, it is now distributed world-wide. Sequence analysis of the virus by the Australian group has shown that the virus is now present in Australia. Despite the importance of the disease and extensive research on the virus, very little is known about the resistance genes (loci) that determine host resistance and susceptibility to the virus. A symptom-less resistant line, TY-172, was developed at the Volcani Center which has shown the highest resistance level among all tested varieties. Preliminary results show that TY-172 is a good candidate to confer resistance to both TYLCV and to Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) in Queensland conditions. Furthermore, Segregation analysis has previously indicated that the resistance is determined by 2-3 genes. In this proposal we aimed to substantiate that TY-172 can contribute to resistance breeding against TYLCV in Queensland, to develop DNA markers to advance such resistance breeding in both Israel and Queensland, and to exploit these markers for resistant breeding in Australian and Israeli lines. To map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling TYLCVresistance in TY172, appropriate segregating populations were analyzed using 69 polymorphic DNA markers spanning the entire tomato genome. Results show that TYLCV resistance in TY172 is controlled by a previously unknown major QTL, originating from the resistant line, and four additional minor QTLs. The major QTL, termed Ty-5, maps to chromosome 4 and accounts for 39.7-to-46.6% of the variation in symptom severity among segregating plants (LOD score: 33-to-35). The minor QTLs, originated either from the resistant or susceptible parents, were mapped to chromosomes 1, 7, 9 and 11, and contributed 12% to the variation in symptom severity in addition to Ty-5. Further analysis of parental lines as well as large F₁, BC₁F₁, F₂ and BC₁F₂ populations originating from crosses carried out, in reciprocal manner, between TY172 and the susceptible processing line M-82 (LA3475) during spring-summer 2010, indicated that: (1) the minor QTLs we have previously identified are in effect not reproducible, (2)Ty-5 alone can yield highly resistant plants with practically no extra-chromosomal effects, and (3) the narrow-sense heritability estimate of resistance levels, attributed to additive factors responsive to selection, does not significantly deviate from 1. All of these results point to Ty-5 as the sole resistance locus in TY172 thus significantly increasing the likelihood of its successful molecular dissection. The DNA markers developed during the course of this study were transferred together with the TY172 genotype to Queensland. TY172 was crossed to a panel of Australian genotypes and the resulting populations were subjected to segregation analysis. Results showed that resistant locus, Ty-5, is highly reproducible in the Australian conditions as well. The Australian group was also able to make improvements to the marker assays by re-designing primer pairs to provide more robust PCR fragments. The Ty-5 locus has now been introgressed into elite Australian germplasm and selection for TYLCV resistance has begun. Cumulatively, our results show that Ty-5 can be effectively used, together with the TY172 genotype to expedite TYLCV resistance breeding and improve our understanding of the genetics that underline the response of tomato to TYLCV. Contributions to agriculture include: (1) the development of tools for more efficient resistance breeding, allowing the incorporation of resistance to local tomato varieties in Australia, Israel and elsewhere; and (2) establish a solid framework for a future attempt to clone the genes that encode such resistance. The latter will enable to decipher the resistance mechanisms that could be applied to other geminiviruses in tomato and possibly in other plant species.