Academic literature on the topic 'Reciprocating dry sliding wear test'
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Journal articles on the topic "Reciprocating dry sliding wear test"
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Reddy, A. Somi, K. S. S. Murthy, and S. K. Biswas. "Wear and Seizure of Aluminium-Silicon Piston Alloys in Reciprocating Motion against Steel." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 209, no. 4 (December 1995): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1995_209_439_02.
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Aluminium-silicon alloy pins were dry slid in unidirectional and reciprocating sliding against steel counterfaces in a normal pressure range of 0.39–26 M Pa and a sliding speed range of 0.6–1.8 m/s. Changing the mode of sliding from unidirectional to reciprocating as well as an increase in reciprocating speed were found to affect wear and seizure resistances adversely. Alloying additions of copper and magnesium to the base metal, on the other hand, were found to improve both of these properties. The temperature rise of the pin during sliding and the mechanical behaviour of the test alloys in compression in a temperature range of 25 300 °C and a strain rate range of 0.1–100/s were recorded and the data incorporated into a qualitative model to account for the wear and seizure behaviour of the test materials.
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Cotet, Adrian, Luminita Ciupagea, Dumitru Dima, and Gabriel Andrei. "Wear Behavior of Polyester – Carbon Nanotubes Composites under Dry Sliding Ball-on-Flat Reciprocating Test." Applied Mechanics and Materials 809-810 (November 2015): 1169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.809-810.1169.
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Friction coefficient and linear wear rate of polyester-carbon nanotubes composites were investigated through ball-on-flat reciprocating test, under dry sliding contact. Three types of nanoscopic fillers were used: multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) and singlewall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), with three values of weight content 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 wt%. Comparative analysis was done for polyester and its composites tested over 14 m sliding distance, under three values of load, 30 N, 40 N and 50 N. Composites containing MWCNT underwent a decrease in friction coefficient and linear wear rate only in case of 50N loading. An improvement of wear behavior under 50N loading was obtained for the composite with 0.10 wt% functionalized carbon nanotubes. Generally, better values of wear rate at 50 N loading were recorded in case of composites with 0.15 wt% and 0.20 wt% MWCNT and SWCNT, respectively. Optical and electronic investigation of the worn surfaces revealed the occurrence of abrasive, adhesive and fatigue wear. Abrasive wear is due to the hard particles detached from the counterpart which produce scratches and furrows on sliding track. Adhesive wear results when soft particle of polymer are caught and blocked among the asperities of counterpart, and it develops over a local area, being influenced by temperature rise. Fatigue and abrasive wear are responsible for the formation of the 3rd body between contacting parts which affects the friction and wear behavior. Morphological analysis of worn surface showed the rise of transfer film that induces instability of wear parameters.
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Perez Delgado, Yeczain, Koen Bonny, Patrick De Baets, Patric Daniel Neis, Vanessa Rodriguez Fereira, O. Malek, J. Vleugels, and B. Lauwers. "Dry sliding friction and wear response of WC-Co hardmetal pairs in linearly reciprocating and rotating contact." International Journal Sustainable Construction & Design 2, no. 1 (November 6, 2011): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/scad.v2i1.20430.
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This paper presents an experimental evaluation of friction and wear properties of WC-Cocemented carbides. A comparison is made between unlubricated rotating and linearly reciprocating pin-onplate sliding pairs. The plate specimens were WC-10wt%Co grades surface finished by polishing orsequential wire-EDM steps, whereas WC-6wt%Co pins were used as counter body. The tests were carriedout at room temperature using a sliding speed of 0.30m/s and mean Hertzain contact pressures of 1.76 and2.08 GPa, i.e., normal contact loads of 15N and 25N, respectively. The worn surfaces on plate sampleswere quantified in terms of 2–D wear profiles obtained by means of surface topography scanningequipment. Wear mechanisms such as polishing and abrasion were identified using optical microscopy.Inferior tribological characteristics for wire-EDM surface finish compared to polishing were found. Higherfriction coefficient and wear levels were measured in unidirectional rotating sliding experiments comparedto linearly reciprocating test conditions.
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Wang, H. M., and L. X. Cai. "State of the Art and Prospects on Laser Clad Multiphase Transition Metal Silicides Wear and Corrosion Resistant Coatings for the Aerospace and Petrochemical Industries." Solid State Phenomena 118 (December 2006): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.118.235.
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Wear and corrosion resistant multi-phase transition metal silicides coatings including W2Ni3Si/W5Si3, Ti5Si3/NiTi2, Ti2Ni3Si/NiTi, etc, were developed and fabricated by laser cladding process. Tribological properties were evaluated under dry sliding and reciprocating fretting wear test conditions and the responding wear mechanisms were discussed as functions of microstructure constitutions and test conditions. High temperature oxidation resistance of the coatings was investigated. The coatings exhibited excellent combination of room and high temperature metallic sliding wear resistance, fretting propertiy, metallic tribological compatibility, good oxidation resistance and abnormal wear-load dependence. Applications of the coatings were prospected for the aerospace, petrochemical and energy-processing industries.
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Iliuţă, Virgil, Minodora Rîpă, Adriana Preda, and Gabriel Andrei. "Friction and Wear Behavior of Moglice Polymer Composite through Dry Sliding Ball-on-Flat Reciprocating Test." Applied Mechanics and Materials 808 (November 2015): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.808.137.
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This paper presents an experimental evaluation of friction and wear properties of a composite material-moglice - made by Diamant Metallplastic GmbH company, from Germany. This material is a polymeric matrix reinforced with particles of cristobalite (αSiO2) and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2). The material is recommended by the manufacturer for repairing metal parts. This material was tribologically tested in dry friction conditions, on a ball on flat configuration, using the reciprocating method, on a CETR UMT-2 tribometer (Bruker Corporation). The counterpart was a steel ball. The tests were performed at room temperature in normal conditions of relative humidity of 40-60% using an average sliding speed of 3.5 mm/s. The tests were carried out at normal loads of 20, 30, 40 and 50N over a sliding distance of 100 m. The wear traces obtained were optically examined with μSCAN laser profilometer (NANOFOCUS).
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Iliuta, V., M. Ripa, J. Javorova, and G. Andrei. "Ball-on-flat reciprocating test to evaluate dry sliding wear behaviour of reinforced polymer composites." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 724 (January 11, 2020): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/724/1/012019.
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Bonny, Koenraad, Patrick de Baets, Omer Van der Biest, Jef Vleugels, and Bert Lauwers. "Reciprocating Friction and Wear Behavior of WC-Co Based Cemented Carbides Manufactured by Electro-Discharge Machining." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 2025–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.2025.
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Tungsten carbide based hardmetals with cobalt binder phase are widely used in engineering industries for their excellent mechanical properties and outstanding wear performance. Reciprocative sliding wear behaviour of a number of WC-Co based hardmetal grades was investigated using a small-scale pin-on-plate tribometer. Test samples were manufactured by electro-discharge machining (EDM) with various surface finishing regimes. SEM topographies and cross-section views of the cemented carbides were obtained both before and after dry friction tests, revealing distinctive wear mechanisms. The generated wear loss was quantified topographically using surface scanning equipment. Wear debris particles were collected and examined by EDX and TEM analysis. Based on experimental results, the execution of consecutive gradually finer EDM cutting steps was found to considerably enhance wear performance. Furthermore, a significant influence of contact load, sliding movement duration, application of lubricant and wear debris formation on wear rate and friction was established.
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Wang, Ben, Wei Han, Yueke Ming, Xiaohui Zhang, Yansong Zhu, Yugang Duan, Hongxiao Wang, and Hongying Zhao. "Preparation and Tribological Study of Graphene Coating on Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composite Using Modified Percolating-Assisted Resin Film Infusion Method." Materials 13, no. 4 (February 13, 2020): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13040851.
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Tribological properties of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites used in reciprocating contact should be improved to secure the efficiency and safety because of risks of abrasion, adhesion, and fatigue deficiency amidst fiber, matrix, or interphase. This paper investigates the influence of graphene reinforcement on the wear resistance of a GFRP composite. Graphene was integrated into a typical GFRP composite as the surface coating using a modified resin film infusion method with the percolating paper assisted. Dry reciprocating sliding tests were performed against a stainless steel ball moving in a direction 45 degrees to the fiber orientation. The morphology of the worn surface was observed, and the corresponding wear mechanisms are discussed. Results suggest that the prepared graphene coating improves the wear resistance of the GFRP composite. The protected GFRP laminates remained intact during the first 20 min of the wear test and only a small fraction of fibers were broken after 60 min test. Furthermore, abrasive debris and fiber breaks originating from composite were markedly reduced, likely owing to the formation of a protective transfer film between the surface of the modified composite and the rubbing counterpart.
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ABDERRAHMANE, Abderrahmane, Mohamed GACEB, Mohammed CHEIKH, and Sabine LE ROUX. "Wear Behavior and Microstructure of Thermally Sprayed NiCrBSiFeC and Composite NiCrBSiFeC-WC(Co) Coatings." Materials Science 27, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.ms.24478.
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In this work, a study was carried out on the friction and wear behavior of flame thermal sprayed NiCrBSiFeC-WC(Co) composite and NiCrBSiFeC coatings subjected to severe wear conditions. For this purpose, flame remelted samples were tested in reciprocating wear conditions based on a cylinder-on-flat configuration. The wear assessment of the coatings was achieved using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3D optical profilometry. The microstructure and the mechanical properties of the coatings were investigated using SEM, EDS and XRD techniques as along with indentation tests. The tribological behavior of the substrate and the coatings was successfully studied thanks to wear tests conducted on an adapted multi test apparatus. The results show that both NiCrBSiFeC and composite coatings induced a significant increase in the steel substrate hardness and wear resistance due to the formation of precipitates with high hardness well dispersed within an ultra-crystalline structure. Besides, adding WC(Co) to NiCrBSiFeC leads to a composite coating with hardness and wear resistance further improved. In return, it increases the coefficient of friction (COF) and the coatings’ roughness. Furthermore, improvements in the surface hardness, the roughness and the coating-substrate adhesion were attained after the remelting process for both NiCrBSiFeC and NiCrBSiFeC-WC(Co) coatings. Wear tracks investigations indicated that reciprocating dry sliding based on cylinder-on-flat test configuration promote several wear mechanisms that may occur simultaneously.
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Wei, D. B., H. X. Liang, S. Q. Li, F. K. Li, F. Ding, S. Y. Wang, Z. L. Liu, and P. Z. Zhang. "Microstructure and tribological behavior of W-Mo alloy coating on powder metallurgy gears based on double glow plasma surface alloying technology." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 55, no. 2 (2019): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb181031022d.
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In the present paper, plasma surface alloying was implemented on powder metallurgy gears to improve its wear resistance based on double glow plasma surface metallurgy technology. A W-Mo alloy coating was obtained in the process. The morphology, microstructure and phase composition were investigated by SEM, EDS and XRD. The hardness was examined by Vickers hardness test and nanoindentation test. The tribological behavior of powder metallurgy gears before and after plasma surface alloying was evaluated on a ball-on-disc reciprocating sliding tribometer under dry sliding condition at room temperature. The results indicate that the W-Mo alloy coating is homogeneous without defects, which includes deposition layer and interdiffusion layer. The average microhardness of powder metallurgy gears before and after plasma surface alloying is 145.8 HV0.1 and 344.4 HV0.1, respectively; Nano hardness of deposition layer and interdiffusion layer is 5.76 GPa, 14.35 GPa, respectively. The specific wear rate of W-Mo alloy coating is lower than original PM gears. The wear mechanism of W-Mo alloy coating is slight adhesive wear. The W-Mo alloy coating prepared by double glow plasma surface alloying technology can effectively improve wear resistance of powder metallurgy gears.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reciprocating dry sliding wear test"
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Saldarriaga, Pablo Alejandro Correa. "Severe-to-mild wear transition during running-in of different steel-on-steel tribosystems in ball-on-disc dry sliding reciprocating tests." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-28082018-075415/.
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The main motivation of this doctoral thesis is to extend the current knowledge about the tribological behavior of a precipitation-hardenable (PH) austenitic stainless steel (SAE XEV-F or DIN 1.4882), used for manufacturing exhaust valves for internal combustion engines in passenger cars. For this purpose, dry sliding laboratory tests were carried out using this steel and other steels, mainly austenitic and martensitic, used as model materials for the comparative characterization of wear and friction. Experimental tests were conducted using an SRV®4 tribometer in a ball-on-disc configuration with reciprocating movement, in which the discs were the samples and the balls the counter-bodies. Four kinds of steels were tested: a) AISI 310, b) SAE XEV-F, c) AISI H13, and d) Nitrided SAE XEV-F. The ball was made of AISI 52100 bearing steel. The tests were conducted at room temperature and fixed conditions of time (sliding distance) (up to 73.2 m), load (100 N), frequency (10 Hz) and stroke (2mm). Wear was evaluated by means of mass loss in the disc and the ball, and post examination of the worn surfaces. Post examination was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), coherence correlation interferometry (CCI), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). Wear debris resulting from tribological interaction were also investigated using SEM and XRD. Additionally, the friction coefficient was measured. High speed filming and interrupted tests were also performed at specific sliding distances. This work reports a severe-to-mild wear transition occurring during the first stage of tribological interaction (running-in) and its relation to the load distribution variation at the interface throughout the tribological tests. The wear transition was observed in different steel-on-steel tribosystems in ball-on-disc contact configuration and occurred due to the combined effects of two factors: a) the contact pressure reduction, due to the increase of nominal contact area caused by wear; and b) subsurface strain hardening (when relevant). The pressure/distance variation was determined experimentally and modeled empirically. Subsurface strain hardening was observable (and measurable) mainly the austenitic steels. Significant differences in wear (and friction) were observed between homogeneous (monophasic) steels and the heterogeneous (multiphasic) SAE XEV-F valve steel. Wear in the homogeneous steels presented an inverse correlation with hardness. Wear on the AISI 310 presented non-linear wear rates for a significant portion of the test. Wear on the SAE XEV-F valve steel was pronounced (even in the mild regime) due to a combined effect of two factors: a) formation of hard debris, which induced an abrasive component to wear by relative sliding, and b) subsurface NbC fracture, which markedly affected the material removal due to plastic deformation in the surrounding matrix. Wear of the nitrided SAE XEV-F steel was lower than that of the non-nitrided samples by nearly two orders of magnitude. The benefits of nitriding in the SAE XEV-F were two-fold: a) an increased surface hardness, and b) the prevention of NbC fracture and detachment, which results in even higher wear resistance.A principal motivação desta tese é ampliar o conhecimento atual sobre o comportamento tribológico de um aço inoxidável austenítico endurecível por precipitação (PH), o SAE XEV-F (ou DIN 1.4882), utilizado para a fabricação de válvulas de exaustão de motores de combustão interna para carros de passageiros. Para este propósito, foram realizados ensaios laboratoriais de deslizamento a seco usando este aço e outros, principalmente aços austeníticos e martensíticos, usados como materiais modelo para a caracterização comparativa do desgaste e do atrito. Os ensaios experimentais foram conduzidos usando um tribômetro SRV®4 em uma configuração esfera-disco com movimento alternado, em que os discos foram as amostras e as esferas são os contracorpos. Foram ensaiados quatro tipos de aços: a) AISI 310, b) SAE XEV-F, c) AISI H13, e d) SAE XEV-F nitretado. A esfera era feita de aço para rolamento AISI 52100. Os ensaios foram realizados a temperatura ambiente e usando condições fixas de tempo (distância total percorrida até 73.2 m), carga normal (100 N), frequência (10 Hz) e amplitude da oscilação (2 mm). O desgaste foi avaliado por meio de perda de massa, tanto do disco quanto da esfera, e exame das superfícies desgastadas utilizando microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), interferometria de correlação de coerência (ICC) e difração de raios-X (DRX). Os debris de desgaste resultantes da interação tribológica também foram investigados usando MEV e DRX. Adicionalmente, a evolução do coeficiente de atrito foi analisada. Também foram realizadas filmagens de alta velocidade e ensaios interrompidos em tempos de deslizamento específicos. Este trabalho reporta uma transição de desgaste severo para moderado que ocorre durante as a primeira fase da interação tribológica (running-in) e sua relação com a variação da carga na interface durante os ensaios tribológicos. A transição de desgaste foi observada em diferentes tribo-sistemas de aço-contra-aço na configuração esfera-plano e ocorreu principalmente por efeitos combinados de dois fatores: a) a redução da pressão de contato, devida ao aumento da área nominal causada pelo desgaste; e b) o encruamento subsuperficial (quando relevante). A variação pressão/distância foi determinada experimentalmente e modelada empiricamente. Encruamento por deformação subsuperficial foi observável (e medível) principalmente nos aços austeníticos. Foram observadas diferenças significativas no desgaste (e atrito) entre os aços homogêneos (monofásicos) e o aço de válvula SAE XEV-F, heterogêneo (multifásico). O desgaste nos aços homogêneos apresentou uma correlação inversa com a dureza. O desgaste no aço válvula SAE XEV-F foi pronunciado (mesmo no regime de desgaste moderado) devido a um efeito combinado de dois fatores: a) a formação de debris duros, o que induziu uma componente abrasiva ao desgaste por deslizamento relativo, e b) a fratura subsuperficial do NbC, o que afetou significativamente a remoção de material devida à deformação plástica da matriz. O desgaste do aço nitretado SAE XEV-F foi menor que o das amostras não tratadas em quase duas ordens de grandeza. Os benefícios da nitretação no aço válvula SAE XEV-F foram dois: a) o aumento da dureza da superfície, e b) a prevenção da fratura e desprendimento de NbC, o que resulta em uma resistência de desgaste ainda maior.
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Rudnytskyj, André. "Simulations of contact mechanics and wear of linearly reciprocating block-on-flat sliding test." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68881.
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The use of computational methods in tribology can be a valuable approach to deal with engineering problems, ultimately saving time and resources. In this work, amodel problem and methodology is developed to deal with a common situation found in experiments in tribology, namely a linearly reciprocating block-on-flat drysliding contact. The modelling and simulation of such case would allow a better understanding of the contact pressure distribution, wear and geometry evolutionof the block as it wears out during a test. Initially, the introduction and motivation for this work is presented, followed by a presentation of relevant scientific topics related to this work. Wear modelling of published studies are reviewed next, along with studies available in the literature and the goals for this thesis.The fourth section refers to the methodology used and the built-up of the model problem. In this work the Finite Element Method and Archard’s wear model through COMSOL Multiphysics® and MATLAB® are used to study the proposed contact problem. The construction of the model problem is detailed and the procedure for wear, geometry update and long term predictions, is presented inspired by the literature reviewed. Finally, the results are presented and discussed; wear increment and new geometries evolution are presented in the figures, followed by pressure profile evolution at selected times. The final geometry is also compared for different time steps. At last, conclusions and recommendations for future work are stated.
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Albo, Zieme Louise, and Pontus Bergstedt. "A pre-study for functional coatings evaluated on light metals to be applied on a new HPDC Mg-alloy : Investigating tribological and thermophysical properties, as-cast and coated." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industriell produktutveckling, produktion och design, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53096.
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Magnesium with two-thirds of the density compared to aluminium and one-quarter of steel, intrigues product developers and material scientists due to the light metal’s excellent combination of strength to weight ratio as well as their capability of being produced as a High Pressure Die Cast component compared to other ferrous or light metal alloys. However, a magnesium alloy inherits some concerning drawbacks, limiting the exploitation in structural applications and mechanical design such as automotive, heavy machinery and aerospace components. The need for a magnesium alloy that could withstand a sufficient amount of wear, temperature and corrosive environment, leads towards the investigation and evaluation of a suitable, functional coating as a solution to exploit the evident advantages a magnesium alloy exhibits. A substantial amount of research is required in order to reduce an existing knowledge gap that is the ongoing development in the search for a sufficient functional coating and adherence capability to the highly reactive substrate that is a magnesium alloy. This industrial master thesis is an early stage investigation to evaluate how the currently used aluminium substrate with an electrodeposited coating relate and compares to a heat-treated electroless deposited coating through tribological and thermophysical induced stresses. These properties are tested with proven industrial standard methods resulted in a comprehensive conclusion and discussion regarding the feasibility of applying the coating onto a commercial magnesium alloy closely related to the Mg-alloy developed by Husqvarna and thereby contributing to technological advances to the highly relevant topic within product development in materials engineering.
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Nagaraj, C. M. "Fundamental Studies On Tribological Response Of Titanium And Copper." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/296.
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Friction and wear have been observed m mechanical systems when there is a relative motion between two solid bodies Friction mainly results in loss of energy and wear results in matenal loss The proper understanding of friction and wear mechanisms provides practical solutions to tribological related problems Various models are available m tribology literature to calculate function coefficient and wear rate of matenals However, expenments suggest that these models are incomplete and fortuitous as the tnbological response is system dependent
The objective of present investigation is to understand the tribological lesponse of commercially puie titanium and OFHC copper pins sliding on polyciystallme alumina discs Di\ shdm% tests were conducted in air, and vacuum (1 5 x 10~2Pa) at room tempeiatuie under different experimental conditions The normal load was vaned from 15 3 N to 76 0 N, sliding speed was vaned from 0 01 ms"1 to 1 4 ms"1, and tempeiatuie was varied from 293 K to 793 K It is found that the haidness of metals do not have any effect on their tribological response The experimental obseivations indicate that tribological response of metals mainly depends up on miciostructural evolution, oxygen activity and relative shear strength of metals and ceramics
Chapter 1 starts with the background and concepts of tribology A brief literature survey is given with published work in relation with the present work In Chapter 2, the experimental proceduies of the dry sliding test and compression test are given
Chapter 3 explains the tribological response of titanium during shdmg against alumina Different wear mechanisms such as oxidation, deformation and adhesion were identified Deformation wear mechanism is explained using strain rate response approach Chapter 4 explains the tribological response of copper during sliding against alumina The influence of environment and microstructural evolution on its tribological behavior are studied Chaptei 5 explains the dependence of tribological response of metals on micro structural evolution, oxygen activity and relative shear strength of metals and ceramics This thesis ends with the conclusions of the present investigation
Book chapters on the topic "Reciprocating dry sliding wear test"
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Elwasli, Fatma, Slah Mzali, Farhat Zemzemi, and Salah Mezlini. "Numerical Simulation of Reciprocating Sliding Test: Effects of Surface Topography on the Wear Behavior." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 240–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52071-7_33.
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Doni, Zinaida, Mihaela Buciumeanu, and Liviu Palaghian. "Wear Behavior of Ti6Al4V Alloy Under Dry Reciprocating Sliding." In DAAAM Proceedings, 1345–46. DAAAM International Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2507/22nd.daaam.proceedings.657.
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Cihak-Bayr, Ulrike, Robin Jisa, and Friedrich Franek. "Wear Protective Effects of Tribolayer Formation for Copper Based Alloys in Sliding Contacts: Alloy Dependent Sliding Surfaces and Their Effects on Wear and Friction." In Tribology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94210.
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High sliding wear resistance is generally attributed to high hardness and high mechanical strength. Novel near net shape process technologies such as metal injection moulding (MIM) or lost foam casting (LF) lack forming processes that typically increase strength. Consequently, the materials exhibit large-grained microstructures with low defect densities. Commercial copper alloys (CuSn8, CuNi9Sn6, CuSn12Ni2) well known for good sliding properties were produced using MIM and LF and characterised in the current study. Their wear and friction behaviour was compared to conventionally produced variants in a lubricated, reciprocating sliding test against steel. The results showed an equal or superior wear resistance and lower friction levels for large-grained microstructures evolving in MIM and LF. SEM, FIB and EBSD studies revealed a tribolayer on the surface and a tribologically transformed layer (TTL), composed of a nano-crystalline zone or partially rotated grains, and selective hardening of grains. The extent of the TTL was different for alloys that were chemically identical but exhibited different initial microstructures. Innovative production routes investigated here showed no tribological drawbacks, but present the potential to increase lifetime, as nano-crystalline zones may render the sample more prone to wear. We present a hypothesis on the cause for these behaviours.
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Deleanu, Lorena, Mihail Botan, and Constantin Georgescu. "Tribological Behavior of Polymers and Polymer Composites." In Tribology [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94264.
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This chapter means to explain the tribological behavior of polymer-based materials, to support a beneficial introducing of those materials in actual applications based on test campaigns and their results. Generally, the designers have to take into consideration a set of tribological parameters, not only one, including friction coefficient, wear, temperature in contact, contact durability related to application. Adding materials in polymers could improve especially wear with more than one order of magnitude, but when harder fillers are added (as glass beads, short fibers, minerals) the friction coefficient is slightly increased as compared to neat polymer. In this chapter, there are presented several research studies done by the authors, from which there is point out the importance of composite formulation based on experimental results. For instance, for PBT sliding on steel there was obtained a friction coefficient between 0.15 and 0.3, but for the composite with PBT + micro glass beads, the value of friction coefficient was greater. Adding a polymer playing the role of a solid lubricant (PTFE) in these composites and also only in PBT, decreased the friction coefficient till a maximum value of 0.25. The wear parameter, linear wear rate of the block (from block-on-ring tester) was reduced from 4.5 μm/(N⋅km) till bellow 1 μm/(N⋅km) for a dry sliding regime of 2.5…5 N, for all tested sliding velocities, for the composite PBT + 10% glass beads +10% PTFE, the most promising composite from this family of materials. This study emphasis the importance of polymer composite recipe and the test parameters. Also there are presented failure mechanisms within the tribolayer of polymer-based materials and their counterparts.
Conference papers on the topic "Reciprocating dry sliding wear test"
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Podgornik, B., V. Leskovsˇek, and J. Vizˇintin. "Deep-Cryogenic Treatment and Effect of Austenizing Temperature on Tribological Performance of P/M High-Speed Steel." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59385.
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The aim of our work was to investigate the influence of deep-cryogenic treatment parameters (treatment time and temperature) and austenizing temperature on the tribological performance of powder-metallurgy (P/M) high-speed steel. Special emphasis was put on abrasive wear resistance and resistance to galling under dry sliding conditions. Abrasive wear resistance was tested under reciprocating sliding conditions using alumina ball, while galling resistance against austenitic stainless steel was determined in a load-scanning test rig. Tribological test were evaluated in terms of high-speed steel wear volume, coefficient of friction under reciprocating sliding, friction variation with load, and critical load for galling initiation and stainless steel transfer layer formation.
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U¨rgen, Mustafa, K. Kazmanli, V. Ezirmik, Ahmet Oztu¨rk, O. L. Eryilmaz, A. F. Cakir, and A. Erdemir. "Comparative Tribological Behavior of TiN-, CrN-, ZrN-, and MoN -Cu Based Nanocomposite Coatings." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-64056.
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Nanocomposite structures composed of hard and soft phases are very promising candidates for tribological applications involving both dry and lubricated sliding. This study aims to compare the wear behavior of copper doped hard nanocomposite nitride coatings under dry and lubricated sliding conditions. These nanocomposite coatings are produced in a cathodic arc-based hybrid PVD coating system and their mechanical and structural properties are fully characterized using electron microscopy and other relevant techniques. Tribological tests were performed in pin on disc and reciprocating wear test machines under dry and lubricated sliding conditions. The differences observed in the tribological behavior of nanocomposite coatings are discussed by taking into consideration the structure and mechanical properties of the coatings and the chemical character of the tribo films formed on sliding surfaces during wear testing.
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Qu, Jun, Peter J. Blau, Dong Zhu, Bruce A. Cook, and Alaa A. Elmoursi. "Tribological Characteristics of AlMgB14 and Nanocomposite AlMgB14-TiB2 Superhard Coatings." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71176.
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This study investigated the friction and wear characteristics of two super-hard coatings on M2 steel. One was AlMgB14, produced by pulsed laser deposition (PLD), and the other was a nanocomposite of AlMgB14-TiB2, produced by physical vapor deposition (PVD). Tests were conducted under unidirectional and reciprocating sliding against AISI 52100 bearing steel in both dry and oil-lubricated conditions. The AlMgB14 coating exhibited an encouraging but short-lived low friction stage (μ = 0.2) in dry sliding. The AlMgB14-TiB2 coating reduced the wear rates by one order of magnitude relative to the M2 steel and three orders of magnitude for the counterface in dry sliding. This nanocomposite coating also demonstrated significant extension (>2.5X) of the low friction (non-scuffing) stage when sliding under starved lubrication.
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Morgenstern, Roman, Wolfgang Kießling, and Simon Reichstein. "Reduced Friction Losses and Wear by DLC Coating of Piston Pins." In ASME 2008 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2008-1650.
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A Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) coating is well known to offer superior wear and friction behaviour. This combination of properties makes DLC suitable for many different areas of tribology. This paper concerns itself with usage in the power cylinder environment of automotive diesel engines. To estimate the potential of DLC coatings applied to piston pins in internal combustion engines, linearly reciprocating sliding wear examinations have been performed on uncoated and DLC coated component segments versus different counterpart materials as present in the power cylinder environment, including: piston (aluminium alloy), bushing (brass), piston pin (steel) and connecting rod (steel). Evaluation criteria for the tests include friction and wear performance in dry and lubricated conditions. Test results show how the DLC coatings offer impressive wear reductions for each of the different counterpart materials used. Furthermore, special emphasis is given to the analysis of the friction behaviour. As expected, the coefficient of friction (COF) decreased for aluminium and steel counterparts when the piston pin segments were DLC coated. However, for the combination of DLC with brass the COF increased in the dry condition. This surprising outcome is explained with SEM and EDX investigations of the wear traces. The tests at elevated temperature with lubrication show an inverse relationship with respect to friction criteria when compared with the dry room temperature tests for the DLC with brass combination. Examined engine tests confirm the results of the non-engine wear test rig, showing that DLC coatings applied on piston pins also exhibit properties and good potential to decrease frictional losses and fuel consumption in modern engines.
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Waikar, R. A., and Y. B. Guo. "A Comparative Study on the Effect of Surface Topography by Hard Turning vs. Grinding on Frictional Performance at Dry and Lubricated Sliding Contact." In ASME 2008 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the 3rd JSME/ASME International Conference on Materials and Processing. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec_icmp2008-72232.
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Machining-induced surface topography has a significant effect on tribological performance of machined components in sliding contact. However, the effect of different surface topography by turning versus grinding on tribological performance has received very little attention. In this study four types of surface topography by turning and grinding AISI 52100 bearing steel (62 HRc) were prepared and characterized to study its effect on friction and wear in sliding contact. Dry and lubricated reciprocating sliding wear tests with an on-line acoustic emission (AE) sensor were carried out using a ball-on-disk tribometer. The experimental results have shown that: (i) the turned surfaces, regardless of the presence of a white layer, yield smaller friction of coefficients in sliding along feed marks than across sliding at both dry and lubricated conditions. However, the opposite hold true for the ground surfaces; (ii) friction of coefficients (0.6∼0.8) at dry conditions is higher for both turned and ground fresh surfaces than their white layer counterparts regardless of sliding direction. At lubricated conditions, Friction of coefficients (0.1∼0.12) are smaller for the both turned and ground fresh surfaces than the white layer surfaces in along sliding, while it is equivalent in across sliding; (iii) the trends of acoustic amplitude amplitude are consistent with those of frictional coefficients for the turned or ground surfaces at dry conditions. Similar trends are also true for the turned surfaces at lubricated conditions, but not for the ground surfaces; and (iv) the wear debris on the track may act as solid lubricants to reduce the sliding frictional coefficient. Machining induced white layers leads to a better wear resistance than the fresh surfaces in either along or across sliding.
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Sawae, Yoshinori, Eiichi Miyakoshi, Shunichiro Doi, Hideki Watanabe, Yoshie Kurono, and Joichi Sugimura. "Friction and Wear of Bronze Filled PTFE and Graphite Filled PTFE in 40 MPA Hydrogen Gas." In ASME/STLE 2011 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2011-61215.
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Several kinds of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites are currently being used in reciprocating hydrogen gas compressors as seal material which should articulate against metal counterfaces in pressurized hydrogen gas. Although their friction and wear behavior has large impact on the efficiency and reliability of gas compressors, available information about tribological characteristics of PTFE composites in high pressure hydrogen gas is quite limited. In this study, friction and wear of graphite filled PTFE and bronze filled PTFE were evaluated in the 40 MPa hydrogen gas environment by using a pin-on-disk type apparatus enclosed in a high pressure vessel to supply experimental data for the design of gas compressors in hydrogen fuelling stations. AISI316L austenitic stainless steel disk was used as a sliding counterface. All experiments were conducted under dry condition with the average contact pressure of 1.8 MPa, the sliding speed of 100 mm/s and the gas temperature of 327 K. The friction force exerted between PTFE composites and stainless steel was evaluated by a load cell during the experiment and the wear rate of composites was evaluated from the weight loss of pin specimens. In addition, chemical analysis of the polymer transfer film formed on the disk surface were conducted by using X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. Friction and wear tests were also conducted in 40 MPa helium gas for comparison. Results indicated that bronze filled PTFE was more sensitive to the gas pressure and gas species; it showed good friction and wear behavior in high pressure hydrogen, although friction in high pressure helium became very high. On the other hand, the effects of high pressure gas environment were relatively small for the friction and wear of graphite filled PTFE.
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McGhee, Paul, Devdas Pai, Sergey Yarmolenko, Jagannathan Sankar, Zhigang Xu, Sudheer Neralla, and Yongjun Chen. "Directional-Tribological Investigation of Magnesium Alloys Under As-Cast and Hot Extrusion Conditions." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-51920.
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In recent years, magnesium (Mg) and its alloy are being studied for their potential use in orthopedic implants with the novel ability to biodegrade after the implant serves its therapeutic function. Pure Mg, by itself, would not be suitable for use in a load-bearing implant application, due to its high corrosion rate and poor tribological properties. However, through proper alloying, this degradable metal is capable of achieving good mechanical properties reasonably similar to bone, a retarded rate of corrosion and enhanced biocompatibility. Previous studies have shown that alloying Mg with aluminum, lithium, rare earth (RE), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca) result in lower corrosion rates and enhanced mechanical properties. Despite the growing popularity of Mg and it alloys, there is relatively little information in the literature on their wear performance. In this paper, we report on an investigation of the directional tribological properties of Mg and Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloy fabricated via two different manufacturing processing routes: as-cast and hot-extruded after casting, with extrusion ratios of 10 and 50. Pure Mg was cast 350°C. After casting, Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloy was heat-treated at 510°C. Another Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloy was hot-extruded at 400°C. Dry sliding wear tests were performed on as-cast and hot-extruded pure Mg and Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloys using a reciprocating test configuration. Wear rate, coefficient of friction and wear coefficient were measured under applied loads ranging from 0.5–2.5N at sliding frequency of 0.2 Hz for 120 cycles, using microtribometery. Wear properties of the extruded specimen were measured in cross-section and longitudinal section. In the longitudinal section studies, wear properties were investigated along the extrusion direction and the transverse direction. Hardness properties were evaluated using microindentation. Cross-section and longitudinal section were indented with a Vickers indenter under applied load of 2.94 N. Alloying and extrusion enhanced the mechanical properties significantly, increased hardness by 80% and wear resistance by 50% compared to pure Mg. Despite the low hardness in both Mg and the Mg alloy cross-sections, the cross-sections for both displayed higher wear resistance compared to the longitudinal section. In the longitudinal section, wear resistance was higher along the transverse direction of the longitudinal section for both Mg and the Mg alloy. The wear coefficient was used to evaluate how the wear behavior of the material varied with respect to alloying, fabrication process, and direction of wear. The wear coefficient of pure Mg decreased as the extrusion ratio increased, thus, increasing the specific wear rate. The opposite behavior was found in the Mg alloy: as the wear coefficient increases, the specific wear rate decreases. The active wear mechanisms observed on the worn surface of Mg were fatigue, abrasive, adhesive and delamination wear. The same wear mechanisms were observed in the Mg alloy except for fatigue wear. Surface microstructure and topographical characterization were conducted using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy mechanical stylus profilometry, and optical profilometry.
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Bonny, K., P. De Baets, Y. Perez, S. Van Autre`ve, J. Van Wittenberghe, B. Lauwers, J. Vleugels, and O. Van der Biest. "Influence of Surface Finishing Operations on Reciprocating Sliding Friction and Wear Response of WC Based Cemented Carbides." In ASME/STLE 2009 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2009-15177.
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From comparative dry sliding pin-on-plate experiments on distinctive WC-Co and WC-Ni cemented carbides, machined by grinding or wire-EDM, correlations are derived between wear rate, wear volume and coefficient of friction and contact load, sliding distance, microstructure and surface finish condition. The EDM induced surface modification turns out to deteriorate wear resistance, especially during the wear-in stage of sliding. These findings are in agreement with X-ray diffraction measurements of the residual stress level in the WC phase.
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Jang, Beom-Taek, and Seock-Sam Kim. "Rolling/Sliding Wear Behavior of High Carbon Steel Wire Rod (HSWR) of Traction Machine." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71060.
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Steel wires are critical load-bearing components in a wide range of applications such as elevator, cranes, mine haulage etc. The traction machine of elevator which transmits power to wire rope causes micro-slip between wire rope and sheave during reciprocating action. The lubrication condition of wire rope is also changed due to the lack of grease. This study focuses on the wear behavior of steel wire and effect of both dry and grease conditions by using the rolling/sliding contact wear tester done under various slip ratios and rolling speeds. The experimental results of the wear volume curve against the number of revolutions under the grease condition are compared with the results under dry condition. The worn surface of steel wire and the size of wear particles were observed by SEM. In order to quantify the wear amount of steel wire we established an equation and finally obtained the wear coefficient.
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Gyimah, Glenn K., Dong Chen, and Ping Huang. "Dry Sliding Wear Studies of Cu-Based Powder Metallurgy Brake Materials." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85270.
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A novel friction material based on Cu-based powder with several additional elements, such as Al, SiO2, Fe, graphite, Sn, Mn and MoS2, has been developed by PM techniques in order to study the wear to improve mechanical and tribological characteristics of train brake pads. The materials used were sintered at three different temperatures (850°C, 900°C and 950°C). A high pressure pad-on-disc braking tester was developed to test the wear behavior of these materials without lubrication. Wear was measured by microscopic examination of the pad after the tribometer test. The tests showed that the coefficient of friction (COF), wear rate and wear number were improved immensely by high temperature sintering. This shows that the sintering temperature level plays an important role in the performance of the braking material. In addition, the tribological and the mechanical properties were found to be temperature sensitive.