Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reciprocity of roles

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Reciprocity of roles'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Reciprocity of roles"

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De Cremer, David, and Paul A. M. Van Lange. "Why prosocials exhibit greater cooperation than proselfs: the roles of social responsibility and reciprocity." European Journal of Personality 15, no. 1_suppl (November 2001): S5—S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.418.

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Two studies examined the choice differences between prosocials and proselfs by examining the influence of norms of social responsibility and reciprocity. In line with the integrative model of social value orientation, it was expected that prosocials differ from proselfs in their level of cooperation because they wish to maximize own and other's outcomes (i.e. paralleling the norm of social responsibility) and enhance equality in outcomes (i.e. paralleling the norm of reciprocity). Study 1 revealed that prosocials felt more responsible to further the group's interest than proselfs did and this social responsibility feeling appeared to account for choice differences. Study 2 revealed that prosocials were more likely to reciprocate their partner's actions than were proselfs. Also, feelings of social responsibility did not account for this observation, suggesting that enhancing joint outcomes and equality in outcomes constitute two relatively independent dimensions. The findings are discussed in light of the integrative model of social value orientation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Kaneko, Mamoru, and J. Jude Kline. "Understanding the Other Through Social Roles." International Game Theory Review 17, no. 01 (March 2015): 1540005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198915400058.

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Inductive game theory has been developed to explore the origin of beliefs of a person from his accumulated experiences of a game situation. It has been restricted to a person's view of the structure not including another person's thoughts. In this paper, we explore the experiential origin of one's view of the other's beliefs about the game situation, especially about the other's payoffs. We restrict our exploration to a 2-role (strategic) game, which has been recurrently played by two people with occasional role-switching. Each person accumulates experiences of both roles, and these experiences become the source for his transpersonal view about the other. Reciprocity in the sense of role-switching is crucial for deriving his own and the other's beliefs. We also consider how a person can use these views for his behavior revision, and we define an equilibrium called an intrapersonal coordination equilibrium. Based on this, we show that cooperation will emerge as the degree of reciprocity increases.
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Powell, Katrina M., and Pamela Takayoshi. "Accepting Roles Created for Us: The Ethics of Reciprocity." College Composition and Communication 54, no. 3 (February 2003): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3594171.

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Isobel, Sophie, and Gavin Angus-Leppan. "Neuro-reciprocity and vicarious trauma in psychiatrists." Australasian Psychiatry 26, no. 4 (May 8, 2018): 388–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856218772223.

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Objectives: This paper aims to briefly overview the processes of neuro-reciprocity relevant to vicarious traumatization of psychiatrists through their clinical roles. Conclusions: High rates of trauma in mental health service users, understanding of the effects of trauma on the brain and mechanisms of neuro-reciprocity in empathic attunement suggest that psychiatrists are at high risk of vicarious trauma. Preventing vicarious trauma at an organizational level through trauma-informed approaches is of paramount importance.
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Espín, Antonio M., Manuel Correa, and Alberto Ruiz-Villaverde. "Patience predicts cooperative synergy: The roles of ingroup bias and reciprocity." Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics 83 (December 2019): 101465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2019.101465.

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Schino, Gabriele, and Filippo Aureli. "The relative roles of kinship and reciprocity in explaining primate altruism." Ecology Letters 13, no. 1 (January 2010): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01396.x.

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Freidin, Esteban, Fabricio Carballo, and Mariana Bentosela. "Direct reciprocity in animals: The roles of bonding and affective processes." International Journal of Psychology 52, no. 2 (September 10, 2015): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12215.

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Li, Sisi, and Chin-Ming Hui. "The Roles of Communal Motivation in Daily Prosocial Behaviors: A Dyadic Experience-Sampling Study." Social Psychological and Personality Science 10, no. 8 (February 13, 2019): 1036–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550619829058.

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Close relationship partners are communally motivated to engage in prosocial behaviors that can promote each other’s well-being. It remains largely unexplored how both members’ communal motivations jointly shape the daily enactment of prosocial behaviors. This dyadic experience-sampling study aimed to partially fill this gap by studying whether both members’ communal motivations predict (a) the base rate of the actor’s prosocial behaviors, (b) the actor’s reciprocity to the partner’s earlier prosocial behaviors, and (c) the consistency of the actor’s enactment of prosocial behaviors, within a day. Actor–partner interdependence analyses showed that the base rate of prosocial behaviors was positively associated with both members’ communal motivations. Consistency was only associated with the actor’s communal motivation, while reciprocity was not related to either member’s communal motivation. We also explored participants’ rationale for the enacted behaviors. Implications regarding the roles of communal motivation in daily relational functions were discussed.
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Finset, Arnstein, and Knut Ørnes. "Empathy in the Clinician–Patient Relationship." Journal of Patient Experience 4, no. 2 (May 9, 2017): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374373517699271.

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The clinician-patient relationship is asymmetric in the sense that clinicians and patients have different roles in the medical consultation. Yet, there are qualities of reciprocity and mutuality in many clinician-patient encounters, and we suggest that such reciprocity may be related to the phenomenon of empathy. Empathy is often defined as the capacity to place oneself in another’s position, but empathy may also be understood as a sequence of reciprocal turns-of talk, starting with the patient’s expression of emotion, followed by the perception, vicarious experience, and empathic response by the clinician. These patterns of reciprocity may also include the patient’s experience of and response to the clinician’s emotions. Researchers in different fields of research have studied how informal human interaction often is characterized by mutuality of lexical alignment and reciprocal adjustments, vocal synchrony, as well as synchrony of movements and psychophysiological processes. A number of studies have linked these measures of reciprocity and synchrony in clinical encounters to the subjective experience of empathy.
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Cushman, Ellen, Katrina M. Powell, and Pamela Takayoshi. "Response to "Accepting the Roles Created for Us: The Ethics of Reciprocity"." College Composition and Communication 56, no. 1 (September 2004): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4140685.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reciprocity of roles"

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Bardzell, Shaowen. "Hospitality and gift exchange reciprocity and its roles in two medieval romance narratives /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3162224.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Comparative Literature, 2004.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-01, Section: A, page: 0170. Chair: Rosemarie McGerr. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 11, 2006).
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Hawkley, Melissa Noel. "Roles and Relationships in Learning and Teaching: A Case Study of the Development and Worldwide Implementation of a New Religious Curriculum." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4204.

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This in-depth case study examines perceptions of teacher and learner roles and relationships that were the basis for common understanding in the creation and implementation of the new youth curriculum, Come, Follow Me: Learning Resources for Youth, for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The assumptions and beliefs of teachers and learners directly influence each other in their perception of their roles and thus, directly influence the type of teaching and learning they engage in. The curriculum was intentionally designed to help members of the Church teach and learn for conversion. Teachers who understand both their role and that of the learners, can invite this type of learning through their teaching. Reciprocity of roles, living what you teach, and principle-based teaching, all contribute to correct perceptions of roles and relationships. Teacher councils—where participants counsel together, look for the good in each other's teaching, practice, and then reflect— help facilitate a climate where teachers risk and try new things, break out of old paradigms of misperceptions of roles and relationships, and move toward an effective teacher role.
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BAVIK, Yuen Lam Fanny. "Effects of goal interdependence on help-seeking through knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding : the moderating roles of reciprocity beliefs." Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2015. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/mgt_etd/26.

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The effects of goal interdependence on employees’ performance outcomes have been well documented in the literature. Yet, the relationship between goal interdependence and employees’ proactive behaviors remains largely unexplored. Integrating the theory of cooperation and competition with the employee proactivity literature, this study investigates how cooperative goal interdependence and competitive goal interdependence respectively influence employee knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding, and in turn shape their propensity to seek help from coworkers. It further examines reciprocity beliefs as an individual factor in affecting the indirect effect of goal interdependence on help seeking. Specifically, positive reciprocity belief is hypothesized to moderate the mediating role of knowledge sharing, whereas negative reciprocity belief is expected to moderate the mediating effect of knowledge hiding. In Study 1, a total of 127 interviews were conducted with full-time employees working in professional service firms across four cities including Hong Kong, Macau, China and Taiwan. Results of structural equation modeling supported the mediating role of knowledge sharing in the relationship between cooperative goal interdependence and employee help seeking. In Study 2, an experimental study was conducted with 150 full-time students at a university in Macau to replicate the findings in Study 1 and to test the moderation hypotheses. It yielded findings consistent with Study 1 and supportive of the moderating role of negative reciprocity belief in the mediated effect of goal interdependence on help seeking. Specifically, knowledge hiding mediates the relationship between competitive goal interdependence and help seeking, when an individual is high in negative reciprocity belief. Findings of the two studies provide both theoretical contributions to the literature and practical insights to organizations. Cooperative goal interdependence is a valuable method for managers to promote knowledge sharing, inhibit knowledge hiding, and encourage active help seeking among employees.
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Turner, Adam John. "The role of reciprocity in international environmental law." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610765.

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Dashti, Ali E. Q. H. A. "Developing trust reciprocity in e-government : the role of felt trust." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26717.

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Citizens’ levels of trust in e-government, has been proposed as an important impediment to increased utilization of e-government. Although there is a large amount of literature on online trust, no study to date has examined the impact of felt trust - a person’s feeling of being trusted - on the adoption of electronic business in general, or online government services in particular. No study has examined how IT artifacts on websites make citizens feel that they are trusted by the government, and how that “felt trust” could affect citizens’ trust in websites and, subsequently, users’ adoption of these websites. This “felt trust” construct, which is new to the IS literature, has received the attention of scholars in other disciplines; their empirical works, framed in theories such as Social Exchange Theory, Leader-Member Exchange Theory, and Appropriateness Framework, have shown that perceptions of felt trust lead to trust-related behaviour and other considerations (e.g., satisfaction and loyalty). A series of qualitative studies, were conducted to identify the antecedents of trust and felt trust. Next, a model of e-government adoption was tested using data collected from 254 participants in an online survey. Felt trust was found to be the most important factor in building trust, and trust fully mediated felt trust’s impact on the antecedents of adoption (i.e., perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived risk). The convergent and discriminant validities demonstrated not only the difference between felt trust and trust as constructs, but also the difference between these constructs in both online and offline environments. The Information Systems research community should focus more on the construct of felt trust by investigating its influence on other outcome variables such as satisfaction with trustees (e.g. e-vendors), the productivity of virtual teams, and success of outsourcing relationships. Existing IS research findings can also be re-evaluated in light of the importance of this new construct to determine whether existing IT artifacts used or systems implemented to build trust were successful, not because they improved trust directly, but because they triggered felt trust, which, in turn, improved trust.
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Dowthwaite, Liz. "Crowdfunding webcomics : the role of incentives and reciprocity in monetising free content." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50969/.

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The recent phenomenon of internet-based crowdfunding has enabled the creators of new products and media to share and finance their work via networks of fans and similarly-minded people instead of having to rely on established corporate intermediaries and traditional business models. This thesis examines how the creators of free content, specifically webcomics, are able to monetise their work and find financial success through crowdfunding and what factors, social and psychological, support this process. Consistent with crowdfunding being both a large-scale social process yet based on the interactions of individuals (albeit en mass), this topic was explored at both micro- and macro-level combining methods from individual interviews through to mass scraping of data and large-scale questionnaires. The first empirical chapter (comprising of two survey and interview-based studies) investigated how members of the webcomics community made use of the Internet and social media to read and post content, interact with other readers and artists, and how they monetise these efforts. Creators and readers were found to use a large range of websites for webcomic-related activities; social media and the ability for creators and readers to get to know each other online is hugely important, often as important as the content of the work itself. Creators reported having diversified ‘portfolio careers’, and avoided relying on a single source of income as any one might fail at any time. The use of social media was found to be vital to all stages of the monetisation process; primarily because creators must build a dedicated community that is willing to spend money on them. Crowdfunding was found to be one of the biggest routes to monetisation, particularly as it lessens the risk of creating merchandise, combines selling items with a strong focus on interaction, and allows the main creative output to remain free. The second empirical chapter reports a large-scale scraping-based study of webcomics crowdfunding campaigns across the two major platforms most commonly used by creators, namely Kickstarter and Patreon. The two platforms were shown to exhibit distinctive characteristics. Kickstarter follows the traditional rewards-based model whilst Patreon is subscription-based, a model which is rising in place of paywalls which have traditionally failed. Both Patreon and Kickstarter provide varied benefits but also some dissatisfactions were found. Kickstarter does not equal a steady income and Patreon rarely provides full-time income levels. Even when Kickstarter projects are hugely successful, they rarely do more than pay for the fulfilment of a particular project specifically, which does not tend to cover living expenses or provide a wage. While Patreon does allow creators to receive a recurring income, this rarely exceeded $1,000 a month. The final empirical chapter reports the findings of a study of psychological attitudes amongst crowdfunding backers and considers this in the light of psychological theories of giving and reciprocity. The study investigated why backers are motivated to give to webcomics campaigns, and their underlying attitudes towards giving, including factors that may convince them to give more. The main reason for backers to choose to support a crowdfunding campaign was found to be because they are existing fans of the specific webcomic or more generally, the campaign’s creator. The other main motivation given was the intention to more generally support the surrounding community. These two motives were strongly manifest amongst backers on both platforms, but they lead to different behaviours as Kickstarter backers tend to consider rewards more important than community. Kickstarter is more self-regarding and directly reciprocal, Patreon more other-regarding and generally reciprocal. Patreon backers are not more or less altruistic but they are more motivated to give by all reasons other than rewards, which they do not consider important. Both selfish and other-regarding reasons are involved on both platforms, and neither seem to crowd-out the other. In conclusion, people tend to pay for free content because i) they are fans and they want to own an item related to that fandom, or ii) they are fans and they want to be supportive and allow that fandom to continue. Overall, subscription-based crowdfunding was implicated as being the most suitable for creators who work on the internet, giving away free or intangible content, such as podcasts, webcomics, or livestreaming, whilst creators who work offline with tangible products that may appeal to a wider audience may find more success with rewards-based funding.
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Hopfensitz, Astrid. "The role of affect in reciprocity and risk taking : experimental studies of economic behavior /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2006. http://dare.uva.nl/document/19582.

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Parzefall, Marjo-Riitta. "Exploring the role of reciprocity in psychological contracts : a study in a Finnish context." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1894/.

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The concept of the psychological contract has received increasing attention in the organizational behaviour literature. It can be defined as an individual's beliefs regarding the terms and conditions of a reciprocal exchange agreement between himself/herself and another party. Existing research has primarily focused on exploring how employees respond to perceived employer psychological contract breach. Limited attention has been paid to the norm of reciprocity as the underlying exchange mechanism, to contract formation and maintenance, and to the employer's perspective on the exchange. Using quantitative methodology, this thesis drew upon two separate samples of employees and one sample of employer representatives from two knowledge intensive Finnish organizations, comprising 109, 162 and 45 respondents respectively. A qualitative interview study of 15 employees of one the participating organizations complemented the quantitative studies. The specific aims of the thesis were 1) to examine different reciprocity forms from both employee and employer perspectives in terms of their antecedents and outcomes; and 2) to extend existing knowledge on how the psychological contract functions as a schema and how the employees see the role of reciprocity in their exchange relationship with their employer in an event of perceived contract breach. The findings of the quantitative study indicated from the perspective of the employee that perceived contract fulfilment by the employer influenced employees' perceptions of the form of reciprocity underlying the exchange relationship. Trust played a mediating role in affecting these relationships. With regard to behavioural outcomes, the different forms of reciprocity had different associations with the employees' attitudes and behaviours measured, but did not influence employees' fulfilment of psychological contract obligations. From the perspective of the employer, managers' perceptions of employees' fulfilment of the contract obligations were positively associated with their perceptions of their own obligations and the fulfilment of these obligations. Similarly, perceptions of an organizational reciprocity norm were found to have a significant effect on managers' perceptions of their obligations to employees. Relationship reciprocity orientation in the manager-employee exchange played a mediating role in these associations. The qualitative study in turn found that employees' responses to contract breach depended on their sense-making process. Employees' interpretation of the breach influenced the extent to which the breach threatened the overall psychological contract schema and the employees' adherence to the norm of reciprocity. The contributions of the thesis, its main research and practical implications, and future research directions are discussed.
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Frank, Rebecca Ellen. "The role of contingent reciprocity and market exchange in the lives of female olive baboons." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1495959381&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Duffy, Brigid. "Burnout amongst care staff for older adults with dementia : the role of reciprocity, self-efficacy and organisational factors." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486633.

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The literature review examines the empirical evidence for a relationship between higher levels of self-efficacy and lower levels of distress amongst family caregivers for older adults with dementia. Each of the relevant studies identified within the review are critically evaluated. Overall the review has illustrated clear evidence for a relationship between self-efficacy and distress in these family caregivers. A negative relationship has been supported in the literature; furthermore self-efficacy appears to have a mediating influence upon distress in family caregivers. The empirical paper examines the role of burnout amongst paid care staff for older adults with dementia. The study examines the roles of reciprocity, self-efficacy and organisational factors upon burnout and also aimed to identify which variable was the greatest predictor of burnout. Sixty-one members of staff in continuing care homes for people with dementia completed self- report questionnaires. Self-efficacy was significantly associated with all the dimensions of burnout and was found to be the greatest predictor of burnout. Low reciprocity with the older adults, age and contracted hours were also found to be significantly associated with burnout. The clinical implications of the study, methodological considerations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Books on the topic "Reciprocity of roles"

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Feenstra, Robert C. Understanding the home market effect and the gravity equation: The role of differentiating goods. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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Wurster, Gabriele. Gender, age, and reciprocity: Case studies of professionals in Kenya and Nigeria. [East Lansing, Mich.]: Women in International Development, Michigan State University, 1996.

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Small, Mario Luis. Incompatible Expectations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190661427.003.0005.

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This chapter suggests that the graduate students sometimes approached weak ties because they were avoiding strong ones, and that the heart of their reservations lay in the possibility of incompatible expectations—in the potential discordance between different roles that those they were close to might expect to perform. It begins by explaining that the students maintained different kinds of strong ties and confided in people with whom they had different kinds of relationships. The former can be classified by their degree of institutional mediation; the latter, by the extent of emotional reciprocity. Institutional mediation introduced additional expectations to a relationship; emotional reciprocity, when it was lacking, created the possibility of ambiguity. Both factors shaped how reluctant students were to approach those to whom they were close when they needed to discuss particular topics.
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(Editor), Ilse Lenz, Charlotte Ullrich (Editor), and Barbara Fersch (Editor), eds. Gender Orders Unbound: Globalisation, Restructuring and Reciprocity. Barbara Budrich, 2007.

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Clemit, Pamela. Letters and Journals. Edited by David Duff. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660896.013.27.

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Romanticism was not just about the high points of insight and emotion: people lived ordinary lives, nourished by bonds of reciprocity. If people were separated by distance, reciprocity was sustained by letters. Letters were not only a vehicle for exchange of information and opinions: they played an important role in upholding and reaffirming a set of relations. They brought people together, strengthened family relationships, and helped to build social networks. The generic boundaries between letters and journals were fluid: the impetus for journal writing was often reciprocal exchange or collaboration. Letters and journals were compositions, in which writers constructed narratives of their lives. They were not the background to creative work, but creative work in themselves. Many different interests contributed to the preservation of Romantic-period letters and journals. The story of the survival of these personal documents is also a story of the transmission of value.
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Francisco, Louçã, and Ash Michael. Greed and the Adventures of Homo economicus. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828211.003.0002.

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A reflection on greed and culture is provided. Literature and films, from the Bible to Oliver Stone’s Wall Street, are reviewed for the ways they have both expressed and shaped public views on greed. Yet greed is only a part of the human picture. History, as well as rigorous new evidence from social psychology and behavioral economics, shows that humans juggle egoism, altruism, reciprocity, and solidarity in proportions that vary across time and space. Inequality grew sharply in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century, with a special role for finance.
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Freeman, Samuel. Property-Owning Democracy and the Difference Principle. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190699260.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses John Rawls’s conception of property-owning democracy and how it is related to his difference principle. Rawls says that the main problem of distributive justice is the choice of a social system. Property-owning democracy is the social system that Rawls thought best realizes the requirements of his principles of justice. This chapter explains why Rawls thought that welfare-state capitalism could not fulfill his principles and discusses the connection between welfare-state capitalism and utilitarianism. It also clarifies the crucial role of democratic reciprocity and the social bases of self-respect in Rawls’s argument for both the difference principle and property-owning democracy.
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Halliday, Daniel. Inheritance and Luck. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803355.003.0004.

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This chapter reviews and criticizes varieties of the luck egalitarian conception of justice. It begins with the ‘naïve’ distinction between choice and circumstance, on which inequalities are permissible insofar as they depend on the former rather than the latter. The bulk of the chapter discusses more sophisticated versions of luck egalitarianism, which either supplement the naïve view with some countervailing principle (e.g. by appeal to personal prerogatives) or by constraining its scope (e.g. by focusing on the mediating effects of institutions). Later parts of the chapter evaluate other contemporary oppositions to inherited wealth grounded in interpretations of reciprocity and a concern about the role of inheritance in enabling freeriding. The chapter ends with a discussion of Ronald Dworkin’s views, which bear a formal resemblance to the position defended in the following two chapters.
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King, Elaine, and Anthony Gritten. Dialogue and beyond. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199346677.003.0022.

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This chapter explores the nature of dialogue in ensemble music performance, interrogating the ways in which ‘communication’ and ‘interaction’ occur in the context of rehearsal and live performance of western art music. An expanded conceptual model is proposed in which the epistemic difference between rehearsal and performance is characterized by a paradigm shift from communication (which we define as a one-way process of dialogue, illustrated by turn-taking) to interaction (a two-way process of dialogue, illustrated by reciprocity). The authors argue that interaction draws upon an embodied physical knowledge that is predominantly gestural and corporeal, alongside which (verbal) communication is one small contributory component. Finally, they claim that it is more propitious to understand the central role of embodied knowledge in ensemble performance in terms of interaction rather than communication.
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MacLeod, Krystal Kehoe, Suzanne Day, and Sandra Smele. New to Long-Term Residential Care. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190862268.003.0008.

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This chapter examines how the social location of student novice researchers was instrumental in shaping their research experiences, relationships, and accounts as they navigated the complexities of conducting team-based rapid ethnography research in long-term residential care. Using emotional cues in their fieldnotes as indicators of important reflexive moments, the authors focus on four thematic areas where their experiences as student novice researchers enrich the understanding of team-based rapid ethnography in care homes: incorporating reciprocity into participant-observation; being ignored or challenged by research participants in their role as student researchers; positionality, power, and rapport building; and “natural observation” and knowledge production. The authors use their exploration of the challenges they faced and lessons they learned to offer recommendations for undertaking future ethnographic studies in long-term care settings and beyond.
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Book chapters on the topic "Reciprocity of roles"

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Swoboda, Bernhard, and Karin Pennemann. "Reciprocity of a Retailer’s Corporate Image and Store Image: Moderating Roles of Evaluation Approaches and Corporate Brand Dominance." In European Retail Research, 21–53. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-07038-0_2.

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Pennemann, Karin. "Study 3: Analyzing the Reciprocity between Corporate and Store Images: The Moderating Roles of Evaluation Approaches and Corporate Brand Dominance." In Retail Internationalization in Emerging Countries, 91–123. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-4492-4_4.

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Siegrist, Johannes, and Morten Wahrendorf. "Failed Social Reciprocity Beyond the Work Role." In Aligning Perspectives on Health, Safety and Well-Being, 275–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32937-6_12.

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Calvo, Patrici. "Cordial Goods: The Role of Intangibles in Economics." In The Cordial Economy - Ethics, Recognition and Reciprocity, 127–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90784-0_8.

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Melander, Charlotte, Oksana Shmulyar Gréen, and Ingrid Höjer. "The role of trust and reciprocity in transnational care towards children." In Family Life in Transition, 95–106. Abingdon Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in family sociology: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429024832-9.

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Pan, Yu Chieh, Liangwen Kuo, and Jim Jiunde Lee. "Sociability Design Guidelines for the Online Gaming Community: Role Play and Reciprocity." In Online Communities and Social Computing, 426–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73257-0_47.

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Almaatouq, Abdullah, Laura Radaelli, Alex Pentland, and Erez Shmueli. "The Role of Reciprocity and Directionality of Friendship Ties in Promoting Behavioral Change." In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling, 33–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_4.

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Burgess, Janette K., Kirsten Muizer, Corry-Anke Brandsma, and Irene H. Heijink. "Dynamic Reciprocity: The Role of the Extracellular Matrix Microenvironment in Amplifying and Sustaining Pathological Lung Fibrosis." In Molecular and Translational Medicine, 239–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98143-7_9.

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King, Steven R., and Michael S. Tempesta. "From Shaman to Human Clinical Trials: The Role of Industry in Ethnobotany, Conservation and Community Reciprocity." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 197–213. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470514634.ch14.

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Ewert, Alan W., Denise S. Mitten, and Jillisa R. Overholt. "Conclusions and desired future: take a park, not a pill." In Health and natural landscapes: concepts and applications, 96–109. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245400.0008.

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Abstract This book chapter seeks to answer questions from: research and evidence, developing a sustainable and desired future, health needs and aspirations, the role of natural landscapes. Premised on the chapters of this book, these guiding principles highlight the importance of natural landscapes to human and planetary health: (1) humans modify landscapes, or our surroundings, and there is a reciprocal influence between human health and landscape health (2) worldviews are not fixed and are influential in the ways societies interact with landscapes. Current dominant worldviews represent a small sliver of history; we can make other choices. (3) Human induced environmental devastation negatively influences wellbeing, especially among the most disenfranchised. Attending to relationships and reciprocity as well as feelings of loss and grief are part of the solution. (4) Healthy intact landscapes can promote wellbeing through restorative, preventive, and therapeutic mechanisms. (5) An extensive body of research exists, but further research and systematic investigation is needed to more fully understand the effects of interactions between humans and their landscapes. (6) Intentional practices and programs through education, recreation, socialisation, and lifestyle can help us develop healthy relationships with our landscapes. Ancient beneficial practices can be recovered and relearned. and (7) Intentional design choices can enhance the places where we live and work promoting the health benefits of nature in urban areas also supports human wellbeing.
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Conference papers on the topic "Reciprocity of roles"

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Capello, Maria Angela, C. Susan Howes, and Eve Sprunt. "Capitalizing on Mentoring, Sponsoring and Networking for your Career Success." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206063-ms.

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Abstract Mentors, sponsors, and networks increase your chances of having a successful career. Mentors provide valuable guidance and advice on career alternatives, while sponsors support candidates selected for highly desirable roles by serving as a reference that they can perform well in positions of increasing responsibility and importance. Networking increases the number of people who are familiar with your abilities and is a powerful way to sustain and enhance your reputation and circle of influence. Networking is about making the right connections and building beneficial relationships. In this article, we showcase how the combination of mentoring, sponsoring, and networking produces advisors who can enable us to have a rewarding and successful professional career. We share our three-component system for optimizing your chances of career success. – Mentoring and the "Critical Listening" model: Intelligent questioning, ranking of options or preferences, and attentive listening are used during mentoring sessions. The balance between these modes as you progress through your career from fresh graduate to mid-career to experienced professional. This model includes practical examples to guide you in your approach mentoring loops whether for either the first or for the nth time with the aim of maximizing the value you can gain from mentoring. – Sponsoring and the "BET" model: BET is our acronym for Building a Network, Equal Priorities, and Tactics (BET). We explain how individuals can acquire and tactically leverage sponsors throughout their careers. The approaches of sponsors and protégées evolves with career stage, that changes priorities and focus. – Networking Development and Optimization: Networking for mentoring and sponsoring is essential to career success. A diverse network enhances innovation and problem solving. We benefit from both deep and shallow connections. Networking built on a foundation of reciprocity includes an exchange of mutually beneficial information that establishes long-lasting professional relationships. Methods to diagnose and address network gaps help professionals to achieve career objectives. Strong networking skills build collaborative relationships that add value for both one's career and employer. Understanding how to maximize the value of mentoring, sponsoring, and networking is essential to career success. We encourage self-analyses throughout your career and provide guidelines on how to leverage mentors and sponsors and utilize best practices to expand your professional network. In an era where COVID has drastically changed how most of us work, understanding how to thrive with these three key instruments for career success is challenging, given the additional hurdle of having to do it in a virtual ecosystem with fewer or no opportunities to meet face to face. This article raises awareness and provides practical guidance for individuals on building beneficial relationships from mentoring, sponsoring, and networking. Keeping networks alive and strong in a reduced mobility world requires new strategies.
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"RECIPROCITY, THE RASCAL OF RESOLUTION - Collaborative Problem Solving in an Online Role Play." In 4th International Conference on Computer Supported Education. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003917902520257.

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Wang, Zhen-Yuan. "Notice of Retraction: Psychological contract violation and workplace deviance: The moderating role of negative reciprocity beliefs." In 2011 International Conference on E-Business and E-Government (ICEE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icebeg.2011.5881557.

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Sun, Jian, Lin Fu, and Shigang Zhang. "A Microcosmic Absorption Model for Absorber in Solar Driven Absorption Heat Pump." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37349.

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The absorption heat pump has currently become an important device in saving energy because of its effectiveness in utilizing low grade heat. A microcosmic absorption model was established for the horizontal falling film absorber. The Nusselt solution for film thickness and velocity distribution was applied and the mass and energy conservation were used to build the heat and mass transfer equations. Besides, heat and mass transfer equations were joined by reciprocity of each other. A complete absorption model was given. In order to justify this model, the largest absorption system experiment bench in China was built. The calculated results were compared to experimental values and showed satisfying agreement. This model will play an important role in absorption system design and relative researches.
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Torres Monclard, Kevin, Olivier Gicquel, and Ronan Vicquelin. "Impact of Soot Radiative Properties, Pressure and Soot Volume Fraction on Radiative Heat Transfer in Turbulent Sooty Flames." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15559.

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Abstract The effect of soot radiation modeling, pressure, and level of soot volume fraction are investigated in two ethylene-air turbulent flames: a jet flame at atmospheric pressure studied at Sandia, and a confined pressurized flame studied at DLR. Both cases have previously been computed with large-eddy simulations coupled with thermal radiation. The present study aims at determining and analyzing the thermal radiation field for different models from these numerical results. A Monte-Carlo solver based on the Emission Reciprocity Method is used to solve the radiative transfer equation with detailed gas and soot properties in both configurations. The participating gases properties are described by an accurate narrowband ck model. Emission, absorption, and scattering from soot particles are accounted for. Two formulations of the soot refractive index are considered: a constant value and a wavelength formulation dependency. This is combined with different models for soot radiative properties: gray, Rayleigh theory, Rayleigh-Debye-Gans theory for fractal aggregates. The effects of soot radiative scattering is often neglected since their contribution is expected to be small. This contribution is determined quantitatively in different scenarios, showing great sensitivity to the soot particles morphology. For the same soot volume fraction, scattering from larger aggregates is found to modify the radiative heat transfer noticeably. Such a finding outlines the need for detailed information on soot particles. Finally, the role of soot volume fraction and pressure on radiative interactions between both solid and gaseous phases is investigated.
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Brito da Silva, Andressa, Gabriela Gonzaga Magalhães da Silva, Caroline de Souza e Silva Guimarães, Carla Aparecida Lourdesdos S. de Azevedo, and Patrick Wagner de Azevedo. "Taking care of the caregiver: the meanings unveiled to the caregiver of people with disabilities." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876113220212450.

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In the act of caring, it was widely disseminated as important lookingat the person being cared for and the needs that could be revealedin the construction of the relationship throughout the care process with the caregiver. In this research, our gaze is directed to the caregiver, making it possible to enablewhich meanings, values and beliefs are presentedin the conduct of their lives and how thedialogue with the current speechesin society try to capture them from modelsthat obscure the production of their subjectivity. In this regard, human relationships can be created and always recreated,and any dogmatic forms of relationship can produce limitations of meaning and existential suffering. As a general objective, we sought to understand the production of subjectivity of the caregiver of people with disabilities in the encounter with the disabled subject to be cared for. As specific objectives, to analyze the meanings that permeate the relationship between the caregiver and the person with a disability, in addition to investigatethe meanings unveiled in work relationships and in the affectiverelationships between the caregiver and the person with a disability. The specific objectives analyze the meanings related to the work relationship and affection that goesthrough the crossingswith a care character. In this way, families received specialattention, as many caregivers are family members, withoutdisregardingthe importance of professionals hired to exercise the role of caregiver. With regard to methodology, the guiding methods of the research were Cartography and Phenomenology, using semi-open interviews, as well as a systematic literature review. Ten interviews were produced frompeople of the professional field tocaregivers whose familymembers demanded care due to being disabled. It was possible to noticeresults about the phenomenonand singularities of the established relationshipsthat care implied in a deep existential investment by all respondents, both those who proposed to be involved by job function and those which life directed them in favor of a family member or close person. The speeches that initially seemed well structured, gradually unveiled meanings that indicated a deep regret for the suffering and the severe condition of limitation of the person to be cared for. The searchingfor meaning went beyond mere rationality, and spirituality became a key element in the attempt to nurture existential anxieties. Several participants emphasized that despite the constant physical fatigue and emotional exhaustion, consideringthe complexity of each case in particular, the satisfaction of being able to help, reciprocate or even be useful by applying care made this relationship lighter and more meaningful. Contradictory feelings such as love and a feeling that the caregiver's life is paralyzed, due to the dedication to the person to becared for, clearly emerged
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Reports on the topic "Reciprocity of roles"

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Loureiro, Miguel, Maheen Pracha, Affaf Ahmed, Danyal Khan, and Mudabbir Ali. Accountability Bargains in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.046.

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Poor and marginalised citizens rarely engage directly with the state to solve their governance issues in fragile, conflict and violence-affected settings, as these settings are characterised by the confrontational nature of state–citizen relations. Instead, citizens engage with, and make claims to, intermediaries some of them public authorities in their own right. What are these intermediaries’ roles, and which strategies and practices do they use to broker state–citizen engagement? We argue that in Pakistan intermediaries make themselves essential by: (1) being able to speak the language of public authorities; (2) constantly creating and sustaining networks outside their communities; and (3) building collectivising power by maintaining reciprocity relations with their communities. In doing so, households and intermediaries engage in what we are calling ‘accountability bargains’: strategies and practices intermediaries and poor and marginalised households employ in order to gain a greater degree of security and autonomy within the bounds of class, religious, and ethnic oppression.
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