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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Reciprocity of roles'
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Bardzell, Shaowen. "Hospitality and gift exchange reciprocity and its roles in two medieval romance narratives /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3162224.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Comparative Literature, 2004.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-01, Section: A, page: 0170. Chair: Rosemarie McGerr. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 11, 2006).
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Hawkley, Melissa Noel. "Roles and Relationships in Learning and Teaching: A Case Study of the Development and Worldwide Implementation of a New Religious Curriculum." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4204.
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This in-depth case study examines perceptions of teacher and learner roles and relationships that were the basis for common understanding in the creation and implementation of the new youth curriculum, Come, Follow Me: Learning Resources for Youth, for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The assumptions and beliefs of teachers and learners directly influence each other in their perception of their roles and thus, directly influence the type of teaching and learning they engage in. The curriculum was intentionally designed to help members of the Church teach and learn for conversion. Teachers who understand both their role and that of the learners, can invite this type of learning through their teaching. Reciprocity of roles, living what you teach, and principle-based teaching, all contribute to correct perceptions of roles and relationships. Teacher councils—where participants counsel together, look for the good in each other's teaching, practice, and then reflect— help facilitate a climate where teachers risk and try new things, break out of old paradigms of misperceptions of roles and relationships, and move toward an effective teacher role.
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BAVIK, Yuen Lam Fanny. "Effects of goal interdependence on help-seeking through knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding : the moderating roles of reciprocity beliefs." Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2015. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/mgt_etd/26.
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The effects of goal interdependence on employees’ performance outcomes have been well documented in the literature. Yet, the relationship between goal interdependence and employees’ proactive behaviors remains largely unexplored. Integrating the theory of cooperation and competition with the employee proactivity literature, this study investigates how cooperative goal interdependence and competitive goal interdependence respectively influence employee knowledge sharing and knowledge hiding, and in turn shape their propensity to seek help from coworkers. It further examines reciprocity beliefs as an individual factor in affecting the indirect effect of goal interdependence on help seeking. Specifically, positive reciprocity belief is hypothesized to moderate the mediating role of knowledge sharing, whereas negative reciprocity belief is expected to moderate the mediating effect of knowledge hiding.
In Study 1, a total of 127 interviews were conducted with full-time employees working in professional service firms across four cities including Hong Kong, Macau, China and Taiwan. Results of structural equation modeling supported the mediating role of knowledge sharing in the relationship between cooperative goal interdependence and employee help seeking.
In Study 2, an experimental study was conducted with 150 full-time students at a university in Macau to replicate the findings in Study 1 and to test the moderation hypotheses. It yielded findings consistent with Study 1 and supportive of the moderating role of negative reciprocity belief in the mediated effect of goal interdependence on help seeking. Specifically, knowledge hiding mediates the relationship between competitive goal interdependence and help seeking, when an individual is high in negative reciprocity belief.
Findings of the two studies provide both theoretical contributions to the literature and practical insights to organizations. Cooperative goal interdependence is a valuable method for managers to promote knowledge sharing, inhibit knowledge hiding, and encourage active help seeking among employees.
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Turner, Adam John. "The role of reciprocity in international environmental law." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610765.
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Dashti, Ali E. Q. H. A. "Developing trust reciprocity in e-government : the role of felt trust." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26717.
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Citizens’ levels of trust in e-government, has been proposed as an important impediment to increased utilization of e-government. Although there is a large amount of literature on online trust, no study to date has examined the impact of felt trust - a person’s feeling of being trusted - on the adoption of electronic business in general, or online government services in particular. No study has examined how IT artifacts on websites make citizens feel that they are trusted by the government, and how that “felt trust” could affect citizens’ trust in websites and, subsequently, users’ adoption of these websites. This “felt trust” construct, which is new to the IS literature, has received the attention of scholars in other disciplines; their empirical works, framed in theories such as Social Exchange Theory, Leader-Member Exchange Theory, and Appropriateness Framework, have shown that perceptions of felt trust lead to trust-related behaviour and other considerations (e.g., satisfaction and loyalty).
A series of qualitative studies, were conducted to identify the antecedents of trust and felt trust. Next, a model of e-government adoption was tested using data collected from 254 participants in an online survey. Felt trust was found to be the most important factor in building trust, and trust fully mediated felt trust’s impact on the antecedents of adoption (i.e., perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived risk). The convergent and discriminant validities demonstrated not only the difference between felt trust and trust as constructs, but also the difference between these constructs in both online and offline environments.
The Information Systems research community should focus more on the construct of felt trust by investigating its influence on other outcome variables such as satisfaction with trustees (e.g. e-vendors), the productivity of virtual teams, and success of outsourcing relationships. Existing IS research findings can also be re-evaluated in light of the importance of this new construct to determine whether existing IT artifacts used or systems implemented to build trust were successful, not because they improved trust directly, but because they triggered felt trust, which, in turn, improved trust.
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Dowthwaite, Liz. "Crowdfunding webcomics : the role of incentives and reciprocity in monetising free content." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50969/.
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The recent phenomenon of internet-based crowdfunding has enabled the creators of new products and media to share and finance their work via networks of fans and similarly-minded people instead of having to rely on established corporate intermediaries and traditional business models. This thesis examines how the creators of free content, specifically webcomics, are able to monetise their work and find financial success through crowdfunding and what factors, social and psychological, support this process. Consistent with crowdfunding being both a large-scale social process yet based on the interactions of individuals (albeit en mass), this topic was explored at both micro- and macro-level combining methods from individual interviews through to mass scraping of data and large-scale questionnaires. The first empirical chapter (comprising of two survey and interview-based studies) investigated how members of the webcomics community made use of the Internet and social media to read and post content, interact with other readers and artists, and how they monetise these efforts. Creators and readers were found to use a large range of websites for webcomic-related activities; social media and the ability for creators and readers to get to know each other online is hugely important, often as important as the content of the work itself. Creators reported having diversified ‘portfolio careers’, and avoided relying on a single source of income as any one might fail at any time. The use of social media was found to be vital to all stages of the monetisation process; primarily because creators must build a dedicated community that is willing to spend money on them. Crowdfunding was found to be one of the biggest routes to monetisation, particularly as it lessens the risk of creating merchandise, combines selling items with a strong focus on interaction, and allows the main creative output to remain free. The second empirical chapter reports a large-scale scraping-based study of webcomics crowdfunding campaigns across the two major platforms most commonly used by creators, namely Kickstarter and Patreon. The two platforms were shown to exhibit distinctive characteristics. Kickstarter follows the traditional rewards-based model whilst Patreon is subscription-based, a model which is rising in place of paywalls which have traditionally failed. Both Patreon and Kickstarter provide varied benefits but also some dissatisfactions were found. Kickstarter does not equal a steady income and Patreon rarely provides full-time income levels. Even when Kickstarter projects are hugely successful, they rarely do more than pay for the fulfilment of a particular project specifically, which does not tend to cover living expenses or provide a wage. While Patreon does allow creators to receive a recurring income, this rarely exceeded $1,000 a month. The final empirical chapter reports the findings of a study of psychological attitudes amongst crowdfunding backers and considers this in the light of psychological theories of giving and reciprocity. The study investigated why backers are motivated to give to webcomics campaigns, and their underlying attitudes towards giving, including factors that may convince them to give more. The main reason for backers to choose to support a crowdfunding campaign was found to be because they are existing fans of the specific webcomic or more generally, the campaign’s creator. The other main motivation given was the intention to more generally support the surrounding community. These two motives were strongly manifest amongst backers on both platforms, but they lead to different behaviours as Kickstarter backers tend to consider rewards more important than community. Kickstarter is more self-regarding and directly reciprocal, Patreon more other-regarding and generally reciprocal. Patreon backers are not more or less altruistic but they are more motivated to give by all reasons other than rewards, which they do not consider important. Both selfish and other-regarding reasons are involved on both platforms, and neither seem to crowd-out the other. In conclusion, people tend to pay for free content because i) they are fans and they want to own an item related to that fandom, or ii) they are fans and they want to be supportive and allow that fandom to continue. Overall, subscription-based crowdfunding was implicated as being the most suitable for creators who work on the internet, giving away free or intangible content, such as podcasts, webcomics, or livestreaming, whilst creators who work offline with tangible products that may appeal to a wider audience may find more success with rewards-based funding.
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Hopfensitz, Astrid. "The role of affect in reciprocity and risk taking : experimental studies of economic behavior /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2006. http://dare.uva.nl/document/19582.
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Parzefall, Marjo-Riitta. "Exploring the role of reciprocity in psychological contracts : a study in a Finnish context." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1894/.
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The concept of the psychological contract has received increasing attention in the organizational behaviour literature. It can be defined as an individual's beliefs regarding the terms and conditions of a reciprocal exchange agreement between himself/herself and another party. Existing research has primarily focused on exploring how employees respond to perceived employer psychological contract breach. Limited attention has been paid to the norm of reciprocity as the underlying exchange mechanism, to contract formation and maintenance, and to the employer's perspective on the exchange. Using quantitative methodology, this thesis drew upon two separate samples of employees and one sample of employer representatives from two knowledge intensive Finnish organizations, comprising 109, 162 and 45 respondents respectively. A qualitative interview study of 15 employees of one the participating organizations complemented the quantitative studies. The specific aims of the thesis were 1) to examine different reciprocity forms from both employee and employer perspectives in terms of their antecedents and outcomes; and 2) to extend existing knowledge on how the psychological contract functions as a schema and how the employees see the role of reciprocity in their exchange relationship with their employer in an event of perceived contract breach. The findings of the quantitative study indicated from the perspective of the employee that perceived contract fulfilment by the employer influenced employees' perceptions of the form of reciprocity underlying the exchange relationship. Trust played a mediating role in affecting these relationships. With regard to behavioural outcomes, the different forms of reciprocity had different associations with the employees' attitudes and behaviours measured, but did not influence employees' fulfilment of psychological contract obligations. From the perspective of the employer, managers' perceptions of employees' fulfilment of the contract obligations were positively associated with their perceptions of their own obligations and the fulfilment of these obligations. Similarly, perceptions of an organizational reciprocity norm were found to have a significant effect on managers' perceptions of their obligations to employees. Relationship reciprocity orientation in the manager-employee exchange played a mediating role in these associations. The qualitative study in turn found that employees' responses to contract breach depended on their sense-making process. Employees' interpretation of the breach influenced the extent to which the breach threatened the overall psychological contract schema and the employees' adherence to the norm of reciprocity. The contributions of the thesis, its main research and practical implications, and future research directions are discussed.
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Frank, Rebecca Ellen. "The role of contingent reciprocity and market exchange in the lives of female olive baboons." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1495959381&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Duffy, Brigid. "Burnout amongst care staff for older adults with dementia : the role of reciprocity, self-efficacy and organisational factors." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486633.
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The literature review examines the empirical evidence for a relationship between higher levels of self-efficacy and lower levels of distress amongst family caregivers for older adults with dementia. Each of the relevant studies identified within the review are critically evaluated. Overall the review has illustrated clear evidence for a relationship between self-efficacy and distress in these family caregivers. A negative relationship has been supported in the literature; furthermore self-efficacy appears to have a mediating influence upon distress in family caregivers. The empirical paper examines the role of burnout amongst paid care staff for older adults with dementia. The study examines the roles of reciprocity, self-efficacy and organisational factors upon burnout and also aimed to identify which variable was the greatest predictor of burnout. Sixty-one members of staff in continuing care homes for people with dementia completed self- report questionnaires. Self-efficacy was significantly associated with all the dimensions of burnout and was found to be the greatest predictor of burnout. Low reciprocity with the older adults, age and contracted hours were also found to be significantly associated with burnout. The clinical implications of the study, methodological considerations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Carmona, Jasmin R. "The Role of Maternal Trauma in Reciprocity of Reasoning, Verbal Aggression, and Physical Violence between Mothers Who Use Substances and Their Children." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148033708246916.
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Winsor, Jennifer. "Creating social reciprocity : the role of trust network reproduction and social learning : evidence from a medium-sized family firm in Germany." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2017. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/977842.
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This research introduces a framework for explaining why managing family members create a shared understanding of caring and being cared for with their nonfamily employees, called ‘Social Reciprocity'. Applying an embedded case study design, using grounded theory method, this research adds to the understanding of the social mechanisms of internal stakeholder management in family firms, which have been largely ignored. The emergent framework proposes that the ability of family members to build trusting relationships with employees, based on cognitive and affective trusts contributes to the creation of social reciprocity. Affective trust, in particular, has a direct and moderating role in the creation of social reciprocity on emotional and instrumental level. The moderating role of affective trust is considered a valuable finding; since it emphasizes the role of trust as a meta theoretical concept. The developed framework suggests that affective trust initiates a social learning process that leads to a positive attribution bias, i.e. an automatic positive attribution of managing family members' actions as being based in benevolence and genuine care. Furthermore, social learning in the form of trust network reproduction emerges as contributory to the diffusion of social reciprocity to lower hierarchical levels. Analysis of data demonstrates that employees with little direct interactions with managing family members develop trusted weak ties to managing family members, with similar levels of cognitive and affective trust. This finding is particularly valuable as it challenges traditional network theory, which argues for frequent personal interaction to be necessary in creating trust ties. This thesis contributes to theoretical and methodological knowledge in several ways. First, it advances understanding of the social dynamics and mechanisms of internal stakeholder engagement in and SME family firm context. Second, the developed framework demonstrates the importance that concepts form multiple disciplines such as psychology, social psychology and sociology have on the development of theories in management research. Third, trust network reproduction and upper network stability emerged as causal mechanisms of potentially meta theoretical value that may have applicability on a wider range of topics in management research. Lastly, this thesis demonstrates the value of grounded theory in developing theory in management research.
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Celebi, Deniz. "The Role Of Local Capabilities In The Exporting Smes And Their Role In The Regional Economic Grtowth: The Case Study Of Ankara." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604806/index.pdf.
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In the literature there is a great emphasis on the theories of regional growth and
development. In many theories, the role of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in
the economic growth and development of different regions has been widely discussed.
Therefore, there is an emphasis upon the importance of the SMEs in the growth and
development of the regional and national economies.
The aim of this study is to clarify the role of local capabilities in the exporting SMEs
and consequently define their role in regional growth and shed some light on the
situation of the local capabilities in Ankara province. Therefore, in this study, firstly
the theoretical framework of regional growth theories and the role of exporting SMEs
in the regional economic growth are constructed. Secondly, the increasing role of
different types of SMEs in the regional growth and their defining characteristics are
discussed. Thirdly, brief remarks on SMEs in the Turkish economy and Ankara have
been provided. Afterwards, the main hypothesis of this study tested through the results
iv iv
obtained from the survey that was done with SMEs in Ankara province and success
factors of SMEs are drawn from the in-depth interviews. Finally, by making a general
evaluation some policy implications have been drawn.
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Ng, Yin Lu. "Consequences of psychological contract breach in a Malaysian context : investigating the role of felt obligation to reciprocate and equity sensitivity /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19742.pdf.
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Dulaney, Susan Katherine. "Clarice Lispector's an Apprenticeship, or the Book of Delights: The Role of Silence in the Cultivation of Intimacy"." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/34.
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This thesis undertakes to explore silence as it functions in relation to intimacy in Clarice Lispector’s last narrative. It asks how silence, when perceived as a generative force, may cultivate intimacy between men and women, opening up a horizon of equality and exchange between the sexes. Using Lispector’s work as a symbolic location for asking larger questions about the role of Eros in contemporary literature, the first chapter is dedicated to introducing her work as it relates to the critical canon. After examining silence and intimacy as each have been conceptualized by thinkers from various philosophical traditions, I incorporate the recent work of Luce Irigaray, which has integrated Western discourse and Eastern mystical concepts of the intimate to articulate a new kind of male/female reciprocity. I apply Irigarayan theory to Lispector’s text as a way of enriching the academic scholarship regarding Lispector.
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Larsen, Randy R. "The Role of Nature in John Muir's Conception of the Good Life." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1316547924.
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Hammer, Aimee Tovah. "Factors That Contribute to Dyadic Synchrony Among Young Latina Mothers and Their Toddlers: The Role of Maternal Behavior and Child Characteristics." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1511188567427857.
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Dreber, Almenberg Anna. "Determinants of economic preferences." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Samhällsekonomi (S), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-430.
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Holton, Avery. "A journalistic chasm? normative perceptions and participatory and gatekeeping roles of organizational and entrepreneurial health journalists." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/22987.
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An emerging body of media scholarship has examined the changing norms and routines of professional journalists, suggesting they are slowly adapting their practice to meet changes in audience expectations brought on by the widespread adoption of social media. Much of this scholarship has focused on traditional news producers, giving attention to journalists and other news producers who work in newsrooms. However slowly, journalists are beginning to welcome more audience participation in the process of news creation, hinting at a more reciprocal form of journalism and a loosening of traditional gatekeeping practices.
In an effort to advance the theoretically conceptual research of the moment, this study considers how the perceived journalistic norms and participatory and gatekeeping roles of an emerging journalistic actor may be aligning with and/or deviating from more traditional journalists. The work of entrepreneurial journalists, or those who are not affiliated with or tied to a single news organization but instead freelance their work, is helping to fill major content gaps left by staff cutbacks that came on the heels of news media’s economic downturn. Most notably, specialized areas of journalism such as health reporting are increasingly calling upon entrepreneurial journalists to work aside more traditional journalists.
Against the backdrop of health journalism, this study advances by employing semi-structured interviews with traditional journalists, entrepreneurial journalists, and their editors, analyzing recent changes in their journalistic norms and participatory and gatekeeping roles. The findings suggest an ideological split between organizational and entrepreneurial journalists and indicate that organizational journalists and editors alike may be relying on entrepreneurial journalists as innovators. For their part, entrepreneurial journalists may demonstrating an extension of participatory journalism—reciprocal journalism—that could enhance network connectivity and community building for journalists, news organizations, and other mass media practitioners. Though traditionally perceived as outsiders, these journalists may be serving as intrapreneurials, informing innovation in journalism and beyond. The impact of this and other observations on mass communication theory and practice are explored.text
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Chieh, Pan Yu, and 潘育絜. "Sociability Design Guidelines for the Online Gaming Community: Role Play and Reciprocity." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q7q9ed.
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碩士國立交通大學
傳播研究所
96
The purpose of this study is to develop sociability design guidelines that correspond to the demands of the online community. The major difference between this study and previous related studies is that it is focus on the “role play” and “reciprocity” which are considered to be the important factors for building a successful online community. The research questions originate from the theory framework involving role playing process of impression management and psychological motives with situational factors. The methods of case study and contextual inquiry are adopted in this thesis. The case of the present study is the largest online game community in Taiwan, “gamer”. Eight females and eight males are the subjects of study. To compare with other work models, culture model is apparently the most effective one that could influence subjects’ behaviors found in the study. The results reveal several interesting points. The system of the website such as hierarchical level design will guide users to share information actively and the idea is also silimar to users’ experience in the game environment. The way to display the information such as showing members’ experience in the website and GP can demonstrate users’ authority, express their profession and trustworthiness. The form of communication such as one to one (email) vs. one to all (chat board) will have an influence on the order of communication. At the final part of this study, the sociability guidelines generated in this research are presented in comparison to the guildlines developed in previous literature.
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Gove, Dianne M., Neil A. Small, Murna G. Downs, and M. Vernooij-Dassen. "General Practitioners’ perceptions of the stigma of dementia and the role of reciprocity." 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/10074.
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YesA qualitative exploration of the stigma of dementia reported that GPs described lack of reciprocity as one way in which people with dementia are perceived within society. This was closely linked to their perception of dementia as a stigma. In this paper, we explore whether GPs perceive people with dementia as lacking reciprocity and, so, if this is linked with societal opinions about dementia as a stigma. The implications of both perceptions of people with dementia failing to reciprocate and of stigma for timely diagnosis are explored. GPs’ perceptions of societal views of people with dementia included a perception of a lack of reciprocity. Specifically, an absence of reciprocity was linked with; failing to respond to human contact, the absence of an appropriate return on social investment and failing to contribute to, or being a burden to, society. GPs reported a link between societal perceptions of lack of reciprocity and stereotypes about advanced dementia, difficulties communicating with people with dementia and lack of opportunities for people with dementia to reciprocate. GPs occupy a key position, they can challenge stereotypes and, with support and targeted training about communicating with people living with dementia, can emphasise the ways in which people with dementia can communicate, thereby enhancing their potential to reciprocate. Such changes have implications for improved care and quality of life through the continued maintenance of social inclusion and perceptions of personhood.
none
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Duffy, B., Jan R. Oyebode, and J. Allen. "Burnout among care staff for older adults with dementia: The role of reciprocity, self-efficacy and organizational factors." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6826.
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Matear, MARGARET. "The Role and Nature of Willingness to Sacrifice in Marketing Relationships." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/8695.
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Studies of human relationships in anthropology, religion, community studies and psychology have determined that willingness to sacrifice plays an important role in reinforcing and strengthening social bonds. It is remarkable that given the increasing prominence of the relationship marketing paradigm, marketers have spent little time investigating willingness to sacrifice as a potential variable of interest. This dissertation extends relationship marketing theory by defining, developing and testing the willingness to sacrifice construct in the context of brand communities. It not only establishes a role for willingness to sacrifice in the nomological network of relationship marketing, but also develops a typology of sacrifices members make in brand communities. Results from two experiments and a field study of two brand communities suggest there are significant relationships between willingness to sacrifice and established constructs in relationship marketing research, such as identification, satisfaction with peers, and norms of reciprocity. Moreover, these findings indicate that willingness to sacrifice is positively associated with beneficial marketing outcomes such as word of mouth, purchase intentions and brand community longevity. By integrating literature from personal psychology, sociology anthropology–all of which discuss sacrifice in terms of how it can benefit and strengthen relationships– this research challenges the conventional marketing assumption that sacrifice is merely “the price one pays.” Taken together, these studies enrich our understanding of willingness to sacrifice in a marketing context, and more specifically, identify a process through which it contributes to brand community success and related marketing outcomes.Thesis (Ph.D, Management) -- Queen's University, 2014-04-09 10:41:22.156
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Zuluaga, Beatrice Harrison. "Impact of multiple sclerosis on committed caring relationships: the experience of twelve spousal carepartners dealing with this "uninvited guest"." 2008. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/7098.
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This research study explores the perceived impact of multiple sclerosis on “carepartners” in committed caring relationships as the spousal roles change over time. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in this study of persons with MS and their spousal carers residing in Australia during ten months of recruitment. Varied recruitment methods were used including the internet. 263 expressions of interest were received, and 203 survey packets were returned with usable data (77%). The demographic instrument and 4 scales measuring mood, reciprocity, life satisfaction and functional wellness were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. Results from the quantitative phase of the study supported many international epidemiological findings related to gender, age of onset, difficulty in obtaining a diagnosis in the light of vague early symptoms of MS, and high levels of depression in the study sample. The preliminary analysis suggested that these data should be analysed further in dyadic terms (a person with MS and their identified carer). Further inferential statistical analysis examined the data sub-set of ‘pairs only’ which helped to inform formation of a pool of couples in caring relationships from which was selected a sub-sample of 12 spousal dyads residing in Victoria for interview in the second phase of the study.Emerging themes from narrative analysis (n=24 persons) revealed pressing concerns, personal strengths and coping strategies of interviewees. Two themes of special interest relating to (1) differing perceptions by ‘carepartners’ of the importance of cognitive changes to the dyadic relationship, and (2) expectations of health professionals are explored. Most respondents agreed that their expectations left much to be desired, suggesting that improvements could be made in the area of health care delivery to persons with MS, their carers and their families. There are implications for the development of a multidisciplinary, ongoing assessment, educational and support program for these persons. Further research is needed to define and expand the proposed role of a specialized key contact person to be a valuable ‘advocate’ in the delivery of timely health care resources throughout the disease trajectory.
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TÝMOVÁ, Kateřina. "Na počátku byl vztah - křesťanské paradigma západní kultury formující obraz člověka v procesu trestního soudnictví." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-172607.
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The present thesis paper deals - on theoretical level - with the importance and the gradual evolution of dialogicality of man within the context of criminal justice. In Western European cultural environment the image of man as dialogical being has been inspired by the Judeo-Christian tradition, approaching "the man in relationship" as an unlimited and transcendental form of being. In practical terms, a relationship has been perceived as the fundamental precondition in the process of restoration of a man and as an opportunity to re-approach the original absolute form of humanity, which is in harmony with God´s intention. The culturally accepted dialogical image of man has been reflected in shaping the specific form of systems and institutions created by man, including also the system of criminal law and justice, the main objective of which is enforcing justice. In the spirit of that cultural tradition, emphasis is currently laid on protection of and respect for dignity and individual rights and freedoms of man, and, thus, personal participation of the criminal conflict parties in the process of justice is required. Hence, in the persons of the offender and the victim, justice is rather becoming "the justice of dialogue and negotiation" within restorative justice, and it is so within the limits of law so as the participants´ individual needs and interests can be taken care of and obligations resulting from the conflict can be secured, to the maximum possible extent.