Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Récits américains'
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Roy, Michaël. "« My Narrative is just published » : publication, circulation et réception des récits d'esclaves africains-américains, 1825-1861." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD080.
Full textThis dissertation is at the crossroads of two distinct disciplinary fields : African American studies and the history of the book. More specifically, it examines the publication, circulation, and reception of antebellum slave narratives—the narratives of Frederick Douglass, William Wells Brown, and Harriet Jacobs, as well as a number of lesser-known works. The story of the slave narrative is well rehearsed : narratives of ex-slaves, critics say, were usually written in collaboration with white abolitionists, with antislavery societies subsidizing publication ; they met with considerable success, going through multiple editions and selling in the tens of thousands ; they were largely directed toward a northern white audience ; and they soon emerged as a distinct genre in antebellum America. None of these statements is fundamentally untrue. The overall picture they paint of antebellum slave narratives is, however, a distorted one. Slave narratives were produced through a variety of authorial economies. Investigating these economies allows to shed new light not only on the slave narrative as a genre, but also on African Americans’ print practices at a time when the publishing industry was still emerging and when book people were reluctant to publish and distribute antislavery literature—at least before Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin came out in 1852. Acknowledging the heterogeneous and fluid nature of what is often perceived as a homogeneous and strictly codified genre gives us a better sense of how slave narratives might have been variously received and consumed in the decades preceding the Civil War
Dupetit, Guillaume. "Afro-futurisme et effet miroir : les contre-récits de Parliament-Funkadelic." Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/182422941#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textLong before anyone had given it a name, artists such as Sun Ra, Lee Perry and George Clinton already represented the first effervescence of Afrofuturism. Combining music and science fiction, their creations forced fantasy to fall within the bounds of reality. The connections and perspectives of Afrofuturism extend in time and space, cross disciplines and specialties, and are both deeply rooted and constantly renewed. Although it is necessary to expound on the proposed definitions of the term, our main focus here will be on its application and exemplification. The objective of this study is not to define fixed contours or to measure the extent of the multiple ramifications embodied in the afrofuturistic discourse, but rather to provide an example of what it can generate in terms of musical discourse. The central theme of this analysis, thus, will confine itself to the musical field of Afro-futurism through the specific example of the Parliament / Funkadelic collective, in order to express the environment in which his musical creation is inscribed and to give a glimpse of the multiple meanings of the P Funk Universe
Avalos, Romero Job. "Latino-américains en France : insertion professionnelle et intégration (1973-2016)." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0023.
Full textAs migrant subjects, Latin Americans are mostly identified in the US context, where they constitute a significant foreign population. However, with a significant quantitative evolution in Europe and France, they are beginning to find a place in European studies on international migration. If due to their cultural and historical ties, Latinos are mostly present in countries like Spain, Portugal or Italy, the Latin American communities also exist in France. Among them, political exiles from South American dictatorships is the most visible category. To a lesser extent, that of international students too, and since the 1980s, economic migrants emerged as a new profile. Considered as an "example of integration", this idealized image of Latin American refugees leaves behind certain aspects that are essential and inherent to integration, such as participation in the host society and especially access to the labor market. Supported by life stories, this doctoral research aims to analyze their life paths, with attention to the strategies they put in place to make possible a labor insertion increasingly restricted by the migration policies that concern them as non-European nationals. To do this, our discussion considers both the subjective element (perceptions, experiences, resources ans strategies mobilized) and the structuring ans objective elements such as migration policies and the different social relations migrants establish in the host country
Messara, Dahia. "Discours puritain et voix indienne dans les récits de captivité nord-américains des dix-septième et dix-huitième siècles." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MULH4475/document.
Full textThis study is dedicated to the analysis of seventeenth-and early eighteenth-century Puritan discourse and the way in which the agency of Indian appears in writings penned by the Puritans, a prominent subsection of which falls under the genre known as Indian Captivity Narrative. My main intention was to go beyond the initial characterization of captivity narratives and claim that these texts are not only about the actual physical and moral experience of the white Christian captives among the Indians, but also deal with more abstract and less often addressed forms of captivity. One such (less immediately obvious) form of captivity is, metaphorically speaking, that of the Indian “voice” in white narratives. This study therefore addresses the following questions: How does the Indian voice come across in such prose? What kinds of discourse do Mary Rowlandson, Hannah Swarton, and other former captives attribute to their former abductors? How do these former captives render and reconstruct dialogues that purportedly occurred between them and their Indian captors? This presentation of the Indian voice is not only conditioned by the former captive’s attitude (i.e., by the author’s voice), but it is also altered by the specific bias of those in charge of controlling the contents of the narrative, i.e., the editors and the publishers, such as Cotton and Increase Mather, who were the most influential representatives of the political and religious establishment of the time
Gallet, Maud. "Marchands nord-américains en voyage en Grande-Bretagne (1776-1815) : transferts culturels et identité nationale." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA134/document.
Full textBy studying the travel writings of North American merchants going to Great Britain between 1776 and 1815, we analyse the cultural transfers across the Atlantic and observe the growing emancipation of the young Republic from its former mother country. It appears that these merchants fully contributed to the creation of an American national identity. Their stay in Great-Britain undeniably encouraged this process, as it enabled visitors to measure themselves against a British « Other », to realise what made them truly American, to boast about their superiority, but also, as merchants, to defend specific values and a certain vision of the American society
Létourneau, Ryan. "La justification du récit des climatosceptiques américains." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36938.
Full textNouar, Adel. "Le 11 septembre et la fiction américaine : écritures d'un contre-récit." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0097.
Full textThe terrorist attacks that targeted America on September 11, 2001,and whose price was paid by NewYork city in the harshest and bloodiest way,left the country speechless, at loss for words. Soon, authors of fiction were asked to providea semblance of meaning for the worst attacks ever launched on American soil. Don DeLillo was the first writer to answer this call by publishing an essay on the very next day following the attacks that frames where the literaryresponse, and that of fictionmore specifically, to9/11 should begin. The challenge facingthe writers of fiction was to opposeboth terrorism and the belligerent triumphalism of an America that had turned its mourning into a normative discourse from which the slightest deviation was deemed unpatriotic. The counternarrative thus called for by DeLillo in «In the Ruins of the Future» gave literature the opportunity to fully take part into the writing of 9/11. Such an endeavour gave birth to what was soon labelled «post-9/11 fiction» and characterised by a great diversity that this study seeks to sample. From reclaiming the wounded city, to reinterpreting American history, all the way to redefining America’s relationship with the rest of the world, the counternarrative provides the occasion to reflect upon the powers of fiction, making this study take part into a largerdebate over“What can literature do?”
Kahhal, Lama. "La constitution de l'événement médiatique dans la presse en ligne américaine, irakienne et saoudienne - L'événement du retrait des troupes américaines d'Irak (2010-2011)." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030074.
Full textThis research studies the formation of the media event particularly in the electronic press, as a support that allows the interaction between journalists, politicians and readers. On one hand, we deal with the configuration of the story of the event in the electronic newspaper, by analyzing how journalists treated and narrated this event. On the other hand, we study how journalists and readers meet through the support of the electronic press which allows them to comment, discuss and delve into debates related to the emerging events. Herein, we study how the American, Iraqi and Saudi electronic press, represented in our corpus by the Los Angeles Times, the Washington Post, Almada, and Alhayat, configured the event of the American withdrawal from Iraq between 2010 and 2011. In addition, we study how the comments of the readers on these electronic newspapers have contributed to the modification or the reconfiguration of the stories told by journalists. The objective of this project is to analyze how media events are organized and formed in the electronic press, and to show how the public can also participate in shaping the media stories through the space designated for readers' comments in electronic newspapers
Villerbu, Tangi. "Espace et nation : constructions françaises du récit de l'Ouest américain au XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://books.openedition.org/pur/6251.
Full textDuring a long 19th century, many Frenchmen narrated what happened in the American West. Travellers was looking for evidence of the birth of an American nation. Tourists visited the national(ist) parks, industrialized natural spaces. Others wanted to settle : migrants, narrated their failures and successes, missionaries could imitate Jesus Christ and die working for their faith. Fenimore Cooper's novels were read by everybody, but few scientists tried to know the West more seriously. Many failed to imagine the West could have been important to understand the American identity, but on the contrary some believed the nation born in the West. Nevertheless, most of the Frenchmen knew the West by what they could read in popular literature or see in the Wild West Shows. The American nation born in France, as it born in the United States or any other country. And the narrative of the West is in the heart of that process. It's the story of a region which had to become "normal", "American". The others have no right to live in the western memory. A counter-narrative existed, in mass culture or catholic writings, but it couldn't resist at the end of the 19th century. The West had to be "American", but it was created by the North, and not by the South, and only colonial trade bound it to the nation. The American nation born through the western story as a conquering, democratic and mainly nation created by settlers and cow-boys. Nevertheless, at the end of the 19th century, this herois West seems to disappear; the story seems to end. It is impossible to narrate the future West, so the "frontier" appear to narrate its glorious past
Le, Goff Marcel. "Pour une lecture des récits de Borges : l'hypothèse auto-graphique." Rennes2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20018.
Full textThe aim of this study is to analyse the Borgesian narration from the notion of auto-graphy used in the sense of reproducing a piece of writing inside the text in which this piece of writing has been produced, in a way that can only be revealed once the text has been read in full. As far as the production is concerned, the scriptor is aware of his auto-graph gesture which can produce, either a " myth " defined as an object which only exists in and by signifiers (we will then talk about an auto-graph existence of the " myth "), or, behind the obvious diegesis, a secret story that we are only able to understand at its very end (evoking an auto-graphic intent from the outset). As far as the reception is concerned, the reader can grasp the auto-graphic intention built into the narration thanks to a re-reading (done, at least, mentally). Although meaningful, the auto-graph " myths " (such as the Aleph, Tlön or the Book of Sand) never prevent the scriptor from practicing auto-parody. Despite the confusion often observed in Borges's works, not only from a generic point of view (between poetry, essay and narration) but also with regard to the narrative writing (between story and discourse), we would like, in this study, to restore the latter split which is present in both titles of our major parts: "the auto-graphic condition of the narrative world" and "the auto-graph trend of the narrative discourse". The first part considers the question of the referent which may be seen between two borders: realism (its excess) and metaphysics (its defect); this section ends with short stories that evoke the world limits through the sacred, the secret and also the national. In the second part, organised around the search for the narrative voice expressed in the text, we tend to examine the links between auto-graphy and auto-(bio)-graphy; then we wonder about the author's political commitment. This problem, as well as that of the world and the nation, without being eluded to in Borges's work, receives, as we call on Schopenhauer, sui generis answers that may have led to recurrent disagreements with many critical writings
Mok, Nelly. "L'écriture de la marge dans le récit autobiographique sino-américain féminin au XXème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2011. https://hal.science/tel-04218363v1.
Full textFive autobiographies/autobiographical novels, written and published by Chinese American women writers in the twentieth century, provide the basis for an exploration of the ways in which marginality has been dealt with in Chinese (/Asian) American literature as a sociopolitical, cultural, ontological and artistic condition and experience. Through their relationships with the dominant political and literary discourse on American identity, these narratives mirror the course of Asian American literature, from the emergence of the first publications in English by writers of Chinese ancestry at the end of the nineteenth century to the current phase of this form of literary expression, originating in the 1970s and developing through the 1990s towards the modern day as American society acquired a multi-ethnic consciousness. Confronted with the “centralizing” dominant injunction of assimilation imposed on minorities, these women writers, whose lives, memories and experience bear the imprint of two territories and two cultures, question the sense of belonging, locating it either in geographical fixity or mobility, and associating it with the question of putting down roots, while still acknowledging its ability to re-emerge and thrive beyond the boundaries of national delineation. Within this perspective, borders – defined by ethnicity, culture, geographical location, nationality, gender and genre – are seen as boundaries imposing categories, which are in turn either reinforced or invalidated in the texts explored here. The women writers use their works as a space in which to express their approval or contestation of the narrative and aesthetic frames into which ethnic literature has been confined by the Euro-American readership, frames which characterize ethnic (immigrant) autobiography, and of the conditions determining the integration of their works into the American literary canon
Labourey, Marion. "Les écritures de l’histoire dans le récit magico-réaliste des Amériques." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL138.
Full textThe magical realistic narrative is deeply linked with the writing of history. Between the 1940’s and the 1980’s, throughout the entire America, has been developed and has evolved the magic realism which let the authors of such narratives to transcribe anthropological datas, coming from dominated populations of America (Natives, slaves or former slaves) in novels in which realism and magic can mix without tension. Then, by describing the past periods of the American continent, the authors of magic realism narratives have built a kind of fiction able to imitate, but not replace, the historical investigation : they can, with the help of the specific resources of fiction, give a voice to those who where kept in the dark for so long. We will study how the authors of magic realism narratives write history, et transcribe the representations of people who were not considered before. Such a literary phenomenon is fundamental in the building of an American literary filed. Our trilingual corpus gathers these nine authors : Miguel Ángel Asturias, Alejo Carpentier, Juan Rulfo, Toni Morrison, Wilson Harris, Toni Cade Bambara, Jean-Louis Baghio’o, Jacques Stephen Alexis et Maryse Condé
Alnatsheh, Abdel Rahman. "L'imaginaire littéraire de la Polynésie au XIXe siècle : histoire d'une métamorphose (France, Royaume-Uni, USA)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC010.
Full textThis thesis deals with the evolution of the modes of representation and the image of the Polynesian in the French, English, and American literatures since 1842, the date of the French Protectorate over Tahiti, until 1911, the period which precedes the First World War. It is about a postcolonial reading of the influence of temporal and cultural factors of Western travelers on the image of the Other, on its transformation from a Noble Savage or a Cannibal into a person who lives in a cultural hybridity, and who is in a conflict between tradition and modernity. This analysis aims to outline the metamorphosis that affects the Western discourse on Polynesia and which reaches its peak starting from the late nineteenth century. It endeavors to study the origins of this metamorphosis, its impact on the literature and to determine if the evolution of the colonial discourse represents a growing awareness of the Other or if it is only a kind of warning symptoms of a literary decadence
Elefteriou-Perrin, Véronique. "Images et non-images : le juif dans le cinéma américain." Paris 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030116.
Full textThe cinematic image of the jew which was produced by the american film industry - from the pre-hollywood era up to the present day - is being examined in the light of the narrative and iconographic tradition to which it is linked. The study explores the formal and thematic bridges between the filmic image and the prior modes of representation and in so doing reveals either the persistence or the disappearance of the motifs and character types pertaining to this legacy. As the medium reaches maturity there arises a dichotomy between the typology inherited from the multi-ethnic tradition of the american vaudeville and the hollywood norms. The dialectical opposition between anglo-conformity and ethnocentrism can be read in the filmic texts and in the choices made by the creators of the screen jew. The paradoxical nature of the imagery attached to the screen jew is highlighted : though moulded by an internal vision, this imagery hesitates between the perpetuation of age- old stereotypes and the sheer negation of the representation of the jew. It is only through the recent move towards "ethnic pluralism" that the "de-semitisation" of the american screen is brought into question. The analysis of the screen jew is structured around various directions. The jew as pariah or as demon (specifically in christological works) is a reflection of the encounter between mainstream society and a culture defined by its otherness and remoteness. Within this subculture as shown on the screen the world of the "visible jew" appears to antagonize that of the "invisible jew". Following on from the images of the biblical epics, those devoted to the exile and wandering of the diaspora jew nurture a fertile cinematic vein and place the idea of a new exodus (that of the banished east european jew) in a continuity of the archetypal exodus. The assimilationist screen dramas comment on inter-generational and inter-ethnic conflicts as well as the americanization of the former immigrant. The visual portrayal of the contemporary jew does not benefit from the philosemitic characterization of the distant hebrews ; instead it has at times given a pernicious image of the jewish community - image that jewish-american agencies have constantly sought to abolish
Tremblay, Christian. "Définition de la thématique du réel merveilleux américain et son application dans des récits de Jorge Luis Borges et de Jacques Stephen Alexis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0006/MQ42026.pdf.
Full textVelasco, Vargas Magali. "Le récit fantastique mexicain au XXème siècle." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040051.
Full textThe methodological and theoretician difficulty to establish a single criterion that intend to explain exactly the fantastic literature, does not try to delimit neither to give a unique reading, this would be contradicting the gender itself. Exactly the notion of the unknown, the strange, and the unusual is what constitutes the base of the modern fantastic gender. The relevance of a study specialized in the Mexican fantastic story is based on the following argument: in the Mexican literature what has dominated is the realistic speech and the literary critical studies have concentrated on the reflection of elements of the narrative since this realistic perspective. We selected fourteen Mexican authors of the 20th century due to the substantially fantastic elements on some of their short story work. Of each narrator we selected at least one story grouping them according to the themes and motives shared
Lorrain, Stéphanie. "Espace privé et espace public dans le récit longs de Nathaniel Hawthorne." Metz, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2007/Lorrain.Stephanie.LMZ0615.pdf.
Full textIn the nineteenth-century American society was undergoing major social and economic changes aimed at forging a political as well as a cultural identity for the United States. The purpose of this analysis is to understand how Nathaniel Hawthorne perceived these changes. We examine the role and the impact of the nineteenth-century public discourses (those on childhood education, philanthropy, religion, and economics) not only on the individual, but also on the general functioning of society. These discourses were indeed central to the construction of the social structures organizing public and private life. What did public and private space represent in Nathaniel Hawthorne's time? To what extent were these two spheres related to each other? What were the role and the place of the individual in American society? What was Nathaniel Hawthorne’s attitude toward this new social situation? Did it coincide with his ideal vision of society? All these questions are dealt with in the light of the four novels published by the author: The Scarlet Letter (1850), The House of the Seven Gables (1851), The Blithedale Romance (1852) and The Marble Faun (1860). Due to their brevity, his tales and sketches have not been used
Colin, Claire. "L'événement dans la nouvelle contemporaine (domaines américain, français, italien)." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951979.
Full textSchmitt, Arnaud. "Figures et enjeux du récit : la non-congruence dans la série Zuckerman de Philip Roth." Bordeaux 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30035.
Full textThrough the evocation of the figure of the father and, more precisely, of the father talking, Philip Roth creates a style which, on the one hand, conjures up the spoken word but which is eventually used by the author to disrupt the oral aspect of the text. This is the very basis of Roth's non-congruent strategy : calling the attention of the reader to the "seams" of the text, undermining the "mimesis", thus creating a sophisticated metatextual device which link's Roth's work with postmodernism. The author's persistence in bringing characters, ideas and interpretations into conflict, and in antagonizing the reader's simplistic expectations, seems to be the underlying paradigm of his work : creating energy through conflict
Boutet, Marjolaine. "L'identité américaine face à la guerre (1898-1991) : étude de l'évolution des récits des guerres étrangères dans les manuels d'Histoire des Etats-Unis à destination du secondaire." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0033.
Full textThis Ph. D belongs to the fields of American studies, cultural studies, social history and mentality history. It analyses how the war narratives have evolved throughout the twentieth century in 145 American History textbooks for secondary schools published between 1901 and 1991, focusing on 5 foreign wars in which the United States have fought : the Spanish-American War, the two World Wars, the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Indeed, within the story of the building of the American nation, the narratives of foreign wars fought from the advent of the U. S. As a world power to the apogee of their power at the end of the Cold War help to understand the specificities and the evolution of the American identity throughout the twentieth century by studying the pedagogical debates, the evolution of public opinion, the one of historiography and analyzing the content of these textbooks. From 1898 to 1917, American History textbooks are vehicles of a proud and confident patriotism. From 1918 to 1939 they mirror the complex and strained relationship between Europe and the United States. From 1940 to 1964, they are ideological weapons against fascism (until 1946), and then against communism (from 1947 on). From 1965 to 1979, American History textbooks remained relatively silent on the major cultural and social issues of the 60s and 70s. In the 1980s, they portray the new multicultural consensus on American identity
Garcia, Maidana Maria Soledad. "Boîte-en-valise ou de l'histoire de l'art latino-américain en reproduction." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080108/document.
Full textAs a real “portable museum” this “box in a valise” cuts images, bites readings and rips the pages of Art history books. If the subject of Art history is finally established, we want to stop this perpetual movement that auratizes the work of art and its discourse. We read Art history books as if we were in a race throughout large anachronic galleries ripped from any physical location and placed in book pages. It is we, art historians who work with images reproduced by means of technology, photographic clichés that have lost their colour and have left to the legend the weight of size and place. In many ways the work of art rests in suspense, tireslessly auratized by the narrative it remains absent. It is in this double absence that we display the object of our work, on the one hand we attempt to open and identify the strategies of the historiographical narrative and then the discursive tissue where Latin American art is inscribed. On the other hand we will attempt to expose the historical framework where the images technically reproduced are far from illustrate or explain and instead break the continuity of the narrative. So, if the paper supports the historical study it is on this same ground where the images reproducing works of art dismantle the explanation to show and to expose the fracture of the historical discourse. The effect of thrust that carries an explanation as a guide for any demonstration is defeated with the use of images of reproduction. In other words, the images of reproduction open the pages of books towards other directions; they show, demonstrate and dismantle any explanation of the historiographical narrative
Ventejoux, Aliette. "L'écriture de la catastrophe dans la littérature américaine post-11 septembre 2001." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA093.
Full textThe catastrophe that hit the United States of America on the morning of September 11, 2001 is regarded as one of the most spectacular events of the 21st century. Consequently, the possibility of writing about this event has to be questioned. Indeed, if the whole world got to witness this event, what more can literature tell us about it? To answer this question, the way the city of New York has been written about following the catastrophe needs to be considered, so as to understand how the hole left by the destruction of the World Trade Center could be narrated and justified. Insofar as the catastrophe is first and foremost physical and geographical and affects the core of the city, it makes it necessary for writers to reappropriate, re-read and re-write the public space. Beyond the issue of urban space, the catastrophe also needs to be tackled in terms of time, because of – among other factors – the traumatic experience that stems from it, as time and trauma cannot be separated. The catastrophe contaminates the present, the past and the future, inducing temporal disorder. Post-9/11 literature pertains to a writing of survival, but is also a literary form that questions certain positions for being too immediate following the catastrophe
Benjamin, Anne. "La fiction cinématographique : stratégies d'́implication et d'orientation du spectateur : l' exemple du cinéma américain des années quarante et cinquante." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030032.
Full textThe main aim of the classical fiction film is to make the spectator cling to some values which come from the society in which the film is produced. The film leads the spectator to express those social values in actual life. The question is to involve the spectator in the film and to make him stick to these values. The implication will be achieved through the introduction of the fictitious experience in the field of the possible and reproductible experience. The orientation will be actual through the orientation of the character's desires and by the emphasis put on the attraction for these values
Jurado, David. "Catastrophe et récit. La représentation littéraire et cinématographique du « terrorisme d’État » en Argentine, au Chili et au Mexique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040081.
Full textThis study set out to describe, using the concept of “catastrophe” and its relationships with aesthetic narration, conceptual and narrative specificities of literary and cinematographic works derived from mass violence periods in Latin America. Thus, its main object of study is the narrative of catastrophe in three countries, Argentina, Chile and Mexico. It made use of a corpus composed by 6 films and 6 literary texts, classed by two main narrative configurations, the narrative of the catastrophe and catastrophism narrativity, and two main historical periods. The first period under discussion is circumscribed to the apparition of “state terrorism” and citizens’ vulnerability, and the second one taken into account is “transitional periods”, where this vulnerability is carried out by government policies and civil organizations’ initiatives. In this sense, this thesis has a double objective, the analysis of two historical periods through narrative configurations and the formulation of the two narrative configurations that highlight those two periods. These two formulations take into account the relationships between the concept of catastrophe with testimonial and fictional texts, with experience of vulnerability, silence or self-censorship and with catastrophism. These notions constitute the conceptual background that defines the narratives of catastrophe and that offer new readings on historical and narrative discourses from the two studied periods
Palud, Aurélie. "La contagion des imaginaires : lectures camusiennes du récit d’épidémie contemporain." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20016/document.
Full textMy reflexion is rooted in two observations: the development of epidemics in fiction literature in the 80s and the unsatisfying recognition of a work, canonical but frozen in its allegorical reading: La Peste by Camus. My research project is based on the will to build the epidemic story as a genre in its own right and on the assumption of a Camusian intertextuality in contemporary narratives. Under the influence of this form of contagion, the stories of the corpus (García Márquez, Le Clézio, Stewart O'Nan, Saramago, Goytisolo) allow an “allegorical” approach, according to the modern definition of the term offered by Walter Benjamin: the writing of wreck, of break-up, and of the loss of meaning. In return, reading La Peste in the contemporary era must encourage a renewed approach of the novel. Broadly, we want to estimate to what extent the contagion can be a pertinent metaphor to represent the literary field. In fact, the narrative of epidemics appears as a dialogic space where the vision of an author can interact with various social imaginaries, in particular with the idea of a “postmodern crisis”. That’s why we can consider these allegorical fictions as “form-meaning” so far as contagion constitutes a theme, an aesthetical principle and an ethical perspective. From these multiple interactions between reality and fiction, a last form of contagion emerges, implied in the act of reading. To what extent does the reader contaminate the novel? How can fiction constitute a “pharmakon” against the “crisis” of the contemporary world?
Lavoie, Guillaume. "Analyse sémiologique et interprétation historico-idéologique de la "Railroad Builging Story", un sous-genre du western classique américain (1924-1962)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27042.
Full textThis master’s thesis takes a close look at a very specific corpus of films; the westerns that narrate the construction of a railroad. We treat these movies as a sub-genre of the western that we call the Railroad Building Story. Our study proposes that the narrative structure at the basis of all the sub-genre’s stories comes from an idealization of the historical facts surrounding the construction of the first American transcontinental railroad. In the first chapter, we present an adaptation of Vladimir Propp’s method of analysis, as found in his Morphology of the Folktale, in order to identify the stable narrative structure of our corpus and to describe its constant narrative units. The application of said method takes place in the second chapter, in which each constant narrative unit is thoroughly explained. We also confront these narrative units in the history of the transcontinental railroad as to analyze the ideological relations existing between these fictional narratives and their historical referent. This semionarrative and historical description of the Railroad Building Story highlights its permanent ideological function as the cinematographic myth of the American railroad. In our third chapter, we analyze the films in the light of their sociohistorical context of production. The chapter is divided between the four historical periods in which these movies were produced, that to say the 1920’s, the Great Depression, the mcccarthyism era and the early 1960’s. By analyzing these films with a sociocritical stance, we demonstrate how they express ideological concerns linked to the social climate of the American nation. Thus we explain how the American railroad myth is being reappropriated in each historical period in order to address the ideological exigencies that are contemporary to the production of the Railroad Building Story’s films.
Bryson, Christen. "The "All-American" Couple. Dating, Marriage and the Family during the long 1950s with a Foray into Boise, Idaho and Portland, Oregon." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA106.
Full textThis thesis hopes to contribute to the postwar socio-cultural historiography on the American couple. In putting the national narrative into a discussion with some of its oft taken for granted aspects—generation, age, location, the individual and the institution, and local and national cultures—, this work attempts to provide nuance to the categorical definitions that have come to characterize the 1950s and the 1960s as well as the pervasiveness of the national culture’s voice. Marriage, family, gender, sexuality, dating, sexual activity, and youth culture are the framework through which this study has tried to elucidate the standard embodied in the white, middle-class, heterosexual couple. In incorporating two cities in the northwest United States—Boise, Idaho and Portland, Oregon—into a discussion about the national narrative, this dissertation tries to widen their local histories and complexify national convention. Oral histories paired with documents from the local universities’ archives and yearbooks have allowed for this work to look at how “average” Americans’ experiences differed from and coincided with the national narrative in places that have received very little scholarly attention on this time and these themes. Census data, scientific studies, political documents and speeches substantiate the pervasiveness of the “All-American couple,” while educational films, etiquette books, and advice columns have helped this thesis explore the process through which the ideal came into being. This model experienced a heyday during the long 1950s. Dominant memory tells us that either it was the last beacon of familial tradition or the breaking point for change. This dissertation contends that the archetype was neither traditional nor the catalyst for change. Rather the white, heterosexual middle-class couple was a culmination of political, social, economic, and cultural factors that ultimately undermined the “traditional” couple because it failed to truly embody the ideals of the nation it was purported to represent. By the end of the long 1950s, this model had become the status quo, but the young people who were to carry it into the future had consciously and unconsciously began chipping away at its foundations
Barbu, Andra. "La mort et son cadavre : qu'en dit la littérature ? Lectures du corps mort dans des cuentos hispano-américains contemporains." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR113.
Full textThis work explores the dead body as it is represented in a number of contemporary Latin American cuentos in order to establish a typology of the different reactions of human beings in general when faced with death. I suggest that literature reproduces a limited number of universal behaviours in this situation and thus it gives readers a fairly reliable inventory of the attitudes that they, like the characters, are likely to adopt.The corpse as a protagonist of the short stories discussed here has been selected because it is the only concrete and palpable image of death and that, by its repulsive appearance, it represents a terrible source of fear which conditions and alters any intention of peacefully trying to come to terms with it. The theoretical framework of the literary possible worlds whereby fiction is seen as a potential experience, and the formal characteristics of the cuento, such as its reduced, self-contained nature, allow the text to be read as a funerary space where all these fictional dead bodies lie. The reader is thus brought into close contact to the dying/dead, cold, putrid, stinking, dismembered or embalmed body and the literary experiences he/she goes through help him/her to come to grips with the frightening reality of death
Ozdoba, Marie-Madeleine. "« Tomorrow’s Life Today ». Le mythe de l’architecture ultra-moderne dans la presse américaine (1947-1964)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0064.
Full textIn the aftermath of the Second World War, in the headlines of the American press, new buildings equipped with curtain walls and air conditioning were presented as a "future already arrived in the present". The media account of the projects of Mies Van der Rohe, S.O.M. or Welton Becket was used for publicity purposes, as a space for future projections for an audience lacking concrete horizons. This thesis questions the place of architecture in a profound reconfiguration of the regime of historicity, in the wake of the unbridled technoscientific imagination that characterized the period – in the same way as the Atomic Age, the Space Age or the Jet Age. Following an anthropological definition of culture as a social production of meaning, the thesis highlights the role of photographers and illustrators, public relations and publishing profesionnals in the success of ultra-modern architecture as a cultural object. The main methodological framework of the project is the description of the context of production and reception of the narrative of ultra-modern architecture in the mainstream press. The analysis combines a consideration of the situations, processes and agents specific to the architectural project and its publicity, with an interpretative apparatus based on the history and theory of arts and images. In the light of its media narrative, ultra-modern architecture appears to be a support for beliefs and aspirations akin to a myth, as much as the technological and rational project claimed by the architects. By weaving together the history of architecture, the history of media narrative, and the history of the relationship to time, this thesis aims to forge a framework for a historiography of myths. The implementation of architectural images in the narrative of the future, which is based on an imaginary of concretization, offers a new prism to revisit the question of the performativity of images, at the heart of the field of visual studies
Naly, Laetitia. "L'écriture du temps dans les nouvelles de Raymond Carver." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030010.
Full textWhatever the rhetorical variations from one book of short stories to another, the readers of Raymond Carver remain nonplussed. The gap, not to say the rift between narrative plots and the impact of the stories on the reader, often considered as Carver’s hallmark, is the starting point of this dissertation. The study, that encompasses all of Carver’s stories, aims at producing an approach to the stories of Raymond Caver using the ever-elusive notion of time. ‘‘The writing of time,’’ though in itself an oxymoron, is the privilege of literature, which results in a seminal ambivalence. We will first focus on Carver’s not-so-familiar America. The writing of time not only conjures up a fictional universe for the reader to dwell in, however briefly: it also provides the stories with a structure, either thematic, syntactic or narrative. Unlike the dominant trend in modern literature, Carver’s short stories put forth the predominance of drama over characters in a way that is reminiscent of the epic genre. As they enable the advent of time as a literary subject, the short stories of Raymond Carver not only invite the reader to enjoy the temporal experience of reading, but also to experience time in and for itself
Zaaraoui, Karima. "Tours et détours du genre : les avatars de l'écriture féminine africaine américaine autour de Harriet Jacobs, Harriet Wilson et Hannah Crafts." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA030003.
Full textThe comparative study of Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (Harriet Jacobs), Our Nig ; Sketches from the Life of a Free Black (Harriet Wilson), and The Bondwoman’s Narrative (Hannah Crafts) aims at opening up new perspectives on the specificity of the female subject, through the slave narrative’s autobiographical writing. If these women writers stand as privileged witnesses of the female condition in Antebellum America, they do not remain passive nonetheless. The aim of this dissertation is to approach the links between « writing » and « feminine », by taking into account the text itself, be it autobiographical or fictionalized. Significantly enough, self-consciousness, identity and the construction of a self through writing are definitely major components of the African American literary tradition in which outstanding voices are singled out. The slave narrative tends to drift away from autobiography in order to afford its survival and conforms to the conventions that proved successful, thus revealing the truth of the subject. In this perspective, gender is the key issue of this study which brings an exclusive insight on black women’s writing. Discursive difference, writing the female body, and a staged conflicted subject are the core themes of this work. As a follower of Dickens and Byron, Hannah Crafts creates a unique blend of genres, while Harriet Wilson’s modus operandi is to rewrite Emerson’s reflections on society, and Harriet Jacobs offers a subversion of the sentimental novel. By all means, these female slave narratives’ « tour de force » lies in the aesthetics and poetics of the genre located at the crossroads of autobiography, sentimental fiction, the gothic and the picaresque. The subject determines its own sexuation, which enables the female subject to break free from the male subject. This dissertation also offers the opportunity to raise the question of history and literature. The slave narrative falls within the frame of literature as the writer’s political stance is an invitation to reconsider avant-garde women’s literary production within the African American literary canon
Deshmukh, Priyanka. ""Then catastrophe strikes" : lire le désastre dans l’œuvre romanesque et autobiographique de Paul Auster." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST0009/document.
Full textParadoxical in its very definition, disaster is the singular event which ruptures time and space – of narration, of the story, or of history. While disaster is central to Paul Auster’s work, it rarely appears as a theme for writing, or as historical events to recount, to represent. Instead, disaster is central as a narrative strategy deployed in Auster’s texts – as the core notion which underlies all philosophical questioning and tropes present in his writing, as the rhythmic impulse which provokes his writing and maintains its fluidity. The Austerian time is characterized by the disappearance or the stretching of the present in the face of a threatening future, by the contrast between the ordinary and the unlikely, and by recurrence and compulsion – all of which are signs of the disaster. Disaster is etched in space – of the room, of the book, of the body, which are the focal points of Auster’s novels – but may also destroy the very fabric of space, yielding in its wake, narratives of emptiness, nothingness and nowhere. The philosophical experiences of Auster’s characters – losing, dissociating and recomposing themselves, remembering or witnessing – are those of the disaster, and wind up aestheticizing limit-experience. It is through this narratological fertility of disaster that Auster sets himself apart from other American postmodernist writers: instead of merely recounting disaster, of letting it fragment his discourse, he is actively engaged in reconstructing and restitching with the strongest of narrative threads. Auster does not simply write (about) the disaster – he writes through, or in spite of, disaster
Mahéo, Olivier. "« Divided we stand » ˸ tensions et clivages au sein des mouvements de libération noire, du New Deal au Black Power." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA113.
Full textIn this dissertation I hope to contribute to the criticism of the dominant narrative that has long been at the center of the historiography of the black liberation movement. Different consensus-building mechanisms, both external and internal to the movement, masked its tensions and tended to delineate it exclusively around race. This narrative artificially unified the black mi-nority by mostly obliterating the movement’s class divisions as well as the gender, generation-al, and spatial tensions, that existed prior to the 1960s, and by limiting its objectives to the demand for legal rights. Furthermore, McCarthyism and the triumph of the liberal consensus marginalized the black left and relegated women to the background while politically radical currents and the demands of women were also erased from the historical narrative. This nar-row vision of the black liberation movement was integrated into the US national narrative at the expense of the discordant voices of radicalization and Black Nationalism of the post-1966 era. This work adopts the perspective of a long civil rights movement by focusing on the con-tinuities that linked various generations, from the 1930s to the 1970s, thus going beyond the traditional and the spatial divides, which oppose an essentialized regional divide between North and South in the dominant narrative to focus instead on the diversity of local movements The sources used focus on autobiographies and on photography, making it possible to account for the differences in point of view between local activists and their national leaders, from the years of the New Deal to the Black Power era. Militant autobiographies constitute counter-narratives that challenge the master narrative and reveal political tensions and minority projects, including those of the black left; they also point to gendered, generational and spatial divides as well as to economic and feminist demands, and they show the international dimen-sion of the black liberation movement. Mainstream photography participated in the erasure of the tensions in the movement through the iconization of famous figures. Still, in spite of McCarthyism, the themes and ideas of the black left are visible through their own images. With such sources, this doctoral dissertation attempts to give voice to the anonymous leaders of the movement, to those whose ideas have been masked or distorted and whose testimony testifies to the complexity of a struggle where class, gender and race both concur and compete
Dell'olio, Aurélie. "La Croisière du Vanadis : sur les traces d'Edith Wharton." Thesis, Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL3003/document.
Full textA trace is both a material imprint and a trail or series of imprints, marking the passage of a being or an object in transit; it can therefore be understood as the material evidence of a path that has been pursued. In the particular context of this research, the term trace refers first and foremost to the record of a sea voyage. This unpublished journal, kept by Edith Wharton, gives an account of the various stages of the Mediterranean cruise she made in the yacht, the Vanadis, in the spring of 1888.This long book is of particular interest, insofar as it, not only gives a fascinating account of the response of a young nineteenth-century cultivated American to the different cultures discovered in the course of a voyage leading her from North Africa to the Greek Islands and the shores of the Adriatic, but also provides valuable insight into the early responses of an artist in the making.The term “trace” therefore refers to both these aspects: first the voyage itself, the places visited, their physical features and historical significance; secondly the traces left by the visitor who embarked on this adventure at a turning point in her life. The sentiment that the future artist is poised at the crossroads of her existence, leads the researcher – in an attempt to leave as few stones as possible unturned – on a trail leading back to her past and forward to her future. This investigation would not be complete without a survey of travel literature, as the particular genre Edith Wharton has chosen as her means of expression. All these traces unite to form a series of “signs” (in the Saussurian sense of the word), which the researcher endeavours to interpret in the hopes of understanding what is “signified” on a deeper level
Marchio, Julie. "De l’esthétique de la trace : Mémoire, Histoire, Récit dans l’oeuvre de six romancières centraméricaines actuelles (1990-2007=." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3079.
Full textIn the context of the progressive (re-)democratization of the Central American isthmus during the 1990s, the sub-genre of the historical novel lived a new boom inscribing itself in a global tendency on the Latin American sub-continent. Women writers in the isthmus not only started to make their presence felt in the novel, in general, scarcely cultivated by them up to that moment, but participated actively in the new enthusiasm provoked by the mise en fiction of history, a phenomenon barely studied by Central American literary criticism up until then. This study is based on the textual analysis of seven novels published between 1992 and 2007 by six Central American women writers. It seeks to demonstrate that the fictional writing of these Central American women novelists is characterized by a certain number of specific features that do not depend on biology but represent a historical approach that predominantly focuses on women, the marginalised and those excluded from power. On the other hand, it also tries to show that at the same time this writing is part of a more general tendency that we have termed the "aesthetics of trace": a progressive evolution of the historic novel towards the novel of historical memory. In this way, the present research about a literature still too marginalized in European universities, aims at contributing to the analysis of the modes of history writing chosen by women writers in Central America and to the comprehension of the change of paradigm, which the historical novel is undergoing at this moment, not only in the Central American region, but also in a number of Latin American countries that are marked by a process of political transition
Rosca, Florentina Cornelia. "Espace et temps dans Lucy de Jamaica Kincaid, The chosen Place, The Timeless People de Paule Marshall et Mama Day de Gloria Naylor." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS004S.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation explores the fictional geographies in the novels of three contemporary African American writers: Jamaica Kincaid, Paule Marshall and Gloria Naylor. This interdisciplinary study focuses on the fictional representations of space, place and time and their interrelations. I start from the premise that the three texts share the diasporic and rhizomatic map of the Black Atlantic. On this map, the protagonists’ roots and routes are inscribed through three narrative settings: the native island—as central trope, a cluster of intermediary sites and the (peripheral) city of exile. Each setting is a complex ontological geography upon which time, movement, exile, and memory are articulated and re-articulated in a palimpsest-like manner. I examine the dichotomic relationship between home-island and city of exile, as well as the tensions between their associated temporalities: cyclical versus linear perceptions of time. The island emerges from our study as the fundamental locale in the characters’ peregrinations. Ultimately, reasserting space means re-mapping the past
Chateau, Jérémy. "Représentations de l'homme immobile : inaction et réclusion dans la littérature occidentale des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30025.
Full textBetween the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, European literature fundamentally redefines its relation to travel writing: notions of apprenticeship and formation, as they appear during the age of Enlightenment and the Bildungsroman era, become eroded and are gradually replaced by eccentric or parodist accounts of the travel experience. In 1795, Xavier de Maistre’s Journey Around My Room enhances the educational virtues of a contemplative seclusion. From then, the tradition of travel writing is supplanted by stories of excursions that provide very little educational value, on the one hand; and stories of valuable teachings inherited by captivity, despite a lack of physical mobility, on the other hand. Inspired by Xavier de Maistre’s book, dozens of imitators follow his path throughout the XIXth century and write their own accounts of room travel, a little studied phenomenon in French literature. After the revolutions that hit Europe and America in the late eighteenth century, a new model of character, the immobile man, appears in literature. Characterized by his problematic presence in a fast-changing society, which is undergoing some very profound changes, he occupies the narrative space like a ghost, refusing to engage in social action, as he would much rather investigate the new opportunities of living in his own private space. Essential 19th-century texts—be they euphoric of dysphoric—hint at these new narrative modalities: American fiction from New England, for example, tells the painful transition from a spiritual age to a political age, characterized by a lethargic climate alternately depicted by Charles Brockden Brown, Washington Irving, Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel Hawthorne or Hermann Melville. On the margins of this troubled literature, the transcendentalist movement advocates a more favorable return to solitude. In France, Joris-Karl Huysmans’s A rebours, through its author’s determination in the search for unity, certainly marks an important milestone among all the narratives of reclusion
Bérubé, Farrah. "Médias et insertion des immigrants : le cas de récents immigrants latino-américains en processus d'insertion à Québec." Thèse, 2009. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2249/1/D1802.pdf.
Full textMailly, Sophie. "Une guerre à n’en plus finir : mémoires et récits historiques chez des activistes pour la défense du territoire dans le Guatemala post-conflit." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22031.
Full textRabhi, Wadia. "The career of the missed encounter in classic american literature." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8980.
Full textThis dissertation explores the career of the Lacanian missed encounter in canonical nineteenth-century American literature through the lens of psychoanalysis, deconstruction, postmodernism, and postcolonialism. In particular, I concentrate on Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and Melville’s Moby-Dick, showing how they are invested in the narrative economy of the missed encounter, the economy of that which is beyond symbolization and assimilation. The introductory chapter investigates the historical, philosophical, and theoretical contours and detours of the concept of the missed encounter. This dissertation, then, has two goals: on the one hand, it attempts to examine the status and function of the missed encounter in nineteenth-century American literature, and on the other, it explores how theorizing the missed encounter might help us move beyond the binarist theorization that characterizes the current geopolitical scenes. My first chapter on Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter attempts to map the career of the signifier as a shuttling between the archive and the future, between the subject and the object, and between the signifier and the signified. The aim of this chapter is to account for the temporality of the signifier and the temporality of subjectivity and how they meet the temporality of the Tuché. By exploring the crypto-temporal dimension of the missed encounter, this chapter studies the excess of crypts through poetics (mainly prosopopeia, anasemia, and tropes of exhumation). The second chapter elaborates the contours of the missed encounter. This chapter approaches, from psychoanalytic and deconstructive viewpoints, the temporality of the missed encounter (the temporality of automaton and repetition). By exploring the narrative temporality (prolepsis and analepsis) in conjunction with the psycho-poetics of the double, this chapter attempts to lay bare the vicissitudes of melancholia and “narcissistic depression” in Moby-Dick (especially Ahab’s repetition of his unnarrated or disnarrated original encounter with the White Whale and his melancholic position in relation to the object he lost). By exposing the nature of trauma as a missed encounter, the residues of which manifest symptomatically through repetition (and doubling), this chapter explains the glissement of the letter (through the work of the supplement and différance). Chapter three broadens the scope of the missed encounter to the Others of America. The main purpose of this chapter is to assess the political, cultural, imaginary, and libidinal investitures of the missed encounter in the Real, the national Symbolic of the United States, and the current geopolitical reality. It also deals with the ambiguous relationship between jouissance and the Symbolic: the way in which jouissance animates and governs the Symbolic, while at the same time it blurs the boundary lines between the Real and reality and protects its excessive maneuvers.
Ordóñez, Díaz Leonardo. "La selva contada por los narradores : ecología política en novelas y cuentos hispanoamericanos de la selva (1905-2015)." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18455.
Full textThe forest has been, and remains, a key theme in Hispanic American literature. This research examines images of the forest in the Hispanic American narrative of the last century, stressing the analysis of works of writing set in the Amazon rainforest, Latin America’s quintessential natural setting. What are the most common imaginaries of the rainforest in this narrative production? What impact has the global ecological crisis had on different ways of “narrating the forest”? What types of relationships between human societies and rainforest ecosystems are represented in this corpus? What environmental and ecological problems are thematized in the texts? What role do Indigenous peoples play in the stories? And what role do animals, plants, and other nonhuman entities play? Do these works give a voice to notions of “nature” and “culture” that are different from Western ones? Do they give a voice to needs and perspectives that are different from human ones? To answer these questions, my work delves into four key issues of canonical rainforest narratives: the cultural perceptions of a tropical rainforest setting, the relationships between Indigenous peoples and settlers, the development of a historical consciousness of images of nature, and the search for new forms of relating to the natural environment. Although the proposed methodology favors the tools of ecocriticism and political ecology, the work also draws on current developments in environmental philosophy, rainforest biogeography, and cultural anthropology. By means of such an interdisciplinary approach, my work seeks to create a suitable setting for dialogue between literary criticism and other areas of knowledge. Ultimately, I aim to use these chosen literary texts as a window to exploring the human condition’s environmental dimension, providing ideas and viewpoints that could contribute to building a distinct, symbiotic and not merely extractive relationship between human societies and natural ecosystems.
La selva ha sido, y sigue siendo, un tema central de la literatura hispanoamericana. Este trabajo estudia las imágenes de la selva en la narrativa hispanoamericana durante el último siglo, enfatizando el análisis de obras cuya acción se sitúa en la selva amazónica, el entorno natural latinoamericano por excelencia. ¿Cuáles son los imaginarios de la selva más comunes en la producción novelística y cuentística? ¿Cuál ha sido el impacto de la crisis ecológica global en las formas de «contar la selva»? ¿Qué tipos de relación entre las sociedades humanas y los ecosistemas selváticos aparecen representados en estas obras? ¿Qué problemas ambientales y ecológicos son tematizados en ellas? ¿Qué papel desempeñan en los hechos narrados las poblaciones autóctonas? ¿Y cuál desempeñan, a su vez, los animales, las plantas y otras entidades no-humanas? ¿Las obras le dan voz a nociones de «naturaleza» y «cultura» distintas a las de Occidente, o a necesidades u ópticas distintas a las de los humanos? Para responder estas preguntas, el trabajo profundiza en temas claves del canon de las narrativas de la selva, como las percepciones culturales del ambiente selvático, las relaciones entre los pobladores indígenas de la selva y los colonizadores, el desarrollo de una conciencia histórica de las imágenes de la naturaleza y la búsqueda de nuevas formas de relación con el entorno ambiental, entre otros. Si bien la metodología escogida privilegia las herramientas del ecocriticismo y la ecología política, el trabajo se apoya igualmente en desarrollos recientes de la filosofía ambiental, la biogeografía de las selvas tropicales y la antropología cultural. Mediante este enfoque pluridisciplinar, el trabajo procura abrir un escenario de diálogo fecundo entre la crítica literaria y otras áreas del conocimiento. El objetivo último es aprovechar los textos literarios seleccionados como una ventana para explorar la dimensión ambiental de la condición humana, proveyendo ideas y puntos de vista que contribuyan en la construcción de una relación distinta, simbiótica y no simplemente extractiva, entre las sociedades humanas y los ecosistemas naturales.
Tohry, Niloofar. "Auto-orientalisme et orientalisme : les vestiges du discours orientaliste dans les mémoires auto-biographiques irano-états-uniens." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/19085.
Full textThis paper focuses on the interconnected issues of representation, Westernization, and Orientalist discourse in autobiographical memoirs written by Iranian female writers presently living in the United States. Founding my arguments on various post-colonialist theories (dealing with exile/immigrant identity, Orientalism, the issue of representation in the autobiographical genre, Westernization discourse, etc.), I question the discursive authenticity (and authorial intent) of Iranian-American female writers by exploring the process of cultural assimilation (i.e. Westernization) that engenders within them a fundamentally Orientalist self-perception. Once internalized by the writer, this Orientalist gaze is projected onto the Iranian people, whom the writer claims to be a credible and well-meaning representative of. However, my deconstructionist analysis of Iranian-American memoirs illustrates that these writers only contribute in reinforcing the dominant Orientalist binary (West-modern-superior / East-backwards-inferior). Although the writers claim to unveil the so-called realities of Iranian society to the Western readers, they merely reiterate the same negative stereotypes on Iran already present in American mainstream media.
Boccara, Ella. "Female identity and race in contemporary Afrofuturist narratives : "Wild seed" by Octavia E. Butler." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24182.
Full textThis thesis explores the notions of race and female identity through Octavia Butler’s Afrofuturist narrative Wild Seed. Described as a new genre of ‘speculative fiction’ by scholars, Afrofuturism converges speculative and realist modes in order to explore conjunctions between African diasporas, African American writing, and modern technologies. This thesis provides a theoretical and critical analysis of Octavia Butler’s Wild Seed, with a particular focus on its various concepts and historical allegories. The novel Wild Seed addresses such topics as post-colonialization, intimate tyranny, hybridity, difference, otherness, and identity, questioning and foregrounding the role race and identity plays in science fiction. In the first Chapter, I will specifically examine the influence of dominant patriarchal Western colonization and its Westernization of African Americans. Then I will analyze the contradictions within the black struggle for freedom, race, and racialized embodiment through the themes of the intergenerational trauma of slavery and the objectification of black bodies found in the text. The second chapter will explore the different forms of resistance dramatized through Anyanwu’s character, as well as the use of space and temporality as a process to understand and connect the issues of embodiment and gender identity: Anyanwu has to resist, redefine, and reclaim her identity in order to survive the domination and power of Doro’s future patriarchal and biogenetically altered society.