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Journal articles on the topic 'Recognition of blacks'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Henderson, Geraldine Rosa, Tracy Rank-Christman, Tiffany Barnett White, Kimberly Dillon Grantham, Amy L. Ostrom, and John G. Lynch. "Intercultural competence and customer facial recognition." Journal of Services Marketing 32, no. 5 (2018): 570–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-07-2017-0219.

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Purpose Intercultural competence has been found to be increasingly important. The purpose of this paper is to understand how intercultural competence impacts service providers’ ability to recognition faces of both black and white consumers. Design/methodology/approach Two experiments were administered to understand how intercultural competence impacts recognition of black and white consumer faces. Findings The authors find that the more intercultural competence that respondents report with blacks, the better they are at distinguishing between black regular customers and black new shoppers in a

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2

Simon, Stefanie, Aaron J. Moss, and Laurie T. O’Brien. "Pick your perspective: Racial group membership and judgments of intent, harm, and discrimination." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 22, no. 2 (2017): 215–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430217735576.

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How do people judge the intentions of a perpetrator and the harm experienced by a victim in cases of racial discrimination? How do these judgments influence attributions to discrimination? We examined these questions in 4 studies, predicting that Whites’ and Blacks’ judgments would reflect different group-based perspectives. Supporting our hypotheses, White authors describing an arrest denied intent and ignored harm relative to Black authors (Study 1). When judging whether an event was discrimination, Whites were influenced by intent, but Blacks were influenced by intent and harm (Study 2). Fi

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Williams, N. J., M. Butler, J. Roseus, et al. "0373 Blacks with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Report Greater Nighttime Insomnia Symptoms than Whites, but Don’t Endorse Daytime Impairment." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.370.

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Abstract Introduction Few studies have assessed insomnia severity in racial/ethnic minority patients with OSA. In recognition of the burden of OSA in blacks compared to whites, the current study sought to examine insomnia symptoms in a sample of black and white patients newly diagnosed with OSA, prior to treatment, at 3 and 6 months. Methods 94 patients newly diagnosed with OSA provided demographics (age, sex, race/ethnicity), socioeconomic status, and completed the well-known and validated Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). To assess insomnia complaints, we ascertained total ISI score, nighttime

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HUANG, JUN S., and PEI-MING HUANG. "MACHINE-PRINTED CHINESE CHARACTER RECOGNITION BASED ON LINEAR REGRESSION." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 05, no. 01n02 (1991): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001491000119.

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Segmented machine-printed Chinese characters generally suffer from small distortions and small rotations due to noise and segmentation errors. These phenomena cause many conventional methods, especially those based on directional codes, to be unable to reach very high recognition rates, say above 99%. In this paper, regressional analysis is proposed as a means to overcome these problems. Firstly, thinning is applied to each segmented character, which is enclosed in a proper square box and also filtered for noise reduction beforehand. Secondly, the square thinned character image is divided into

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Sorrell, Katherine, Simranjit Khalsa, Elaine Howard Ecklund, and Michael O. Emerson. "Immigrant Identities and the Shaping of a Racialized American Self." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 5 (January 2019): 237802311985278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023119852788.

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Immigration scholars largely focus on adaptation processes of immigrant groups, while race scholars focus on structural barriers nonwhite immigrants face. By comparing nonwhite immigrants with native-born Americans, we can better understand how racial logics affect the identification of racial minorities in the United States. Drawing on 153 interviews with Indian, Caribbean, Chinese, Filipino, and Mexican immigrants, and comparing their narratives to those of black native-born respondents, the authors find similar understandings of American identity across immigrant groups as well as barriers

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6

van Trigt, C. "Metameric blacks and estimating reflectance." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 11, no. 3 (1994): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.11.001003.

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Vingilis-Jaremko, Larissa, Kerry Kawakami, and Justin P. Friesen. "Other-Groups Bias Effects: Recognizing Majority and Minority Outgroup Faces." Social Psychological and Personality Science 11, no. 7 (2020): 908–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1948550620919562.

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A large literature has provided evidence that intergroup biases are common in facial recognition. In investigations of faces of different races, research has repeatedly demonstrated an Own Race Bias in which people are more accurate in recognizing racial ingroup compared to outgroup members. The primary goal of this research was to investigate whether participants from typically underrepresented populations in social psychological research (i.e., Blacks, South Asians, and East Asians) show biases in recognition accuracy when presented with ingroup faces and minority and majority outgroup faces

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Stéphane, Beugre Zouankouan. "Perception, visibility and invisibility in Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man." International journal of linguistics, literature and culture 6, no. 3 (2020): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v6n3.892.

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This study analyses three essential motifs which are perception, visibility and invisibility and how their relationships determine and legislate the interracial relationships between whites and blacks in Ralph Ellison’s novel, INVISIBLE MAN. Through insightful analysis, this paper aims to show how from a visible status in existence, the perception that white people have about black people transforms this visibility into an invisible status both in human existence and society and namely in the white American society. And also it aims to clear out how this metamorphosis of black people from visi

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Alsam, Ali, and Reiner Lenz. "Calibrating color cameras using metameric blacks." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 24, no. 1 (2007): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.24.000011.

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10

Du Plessis, P. J., and Truida Prekel. "Communicating with illiterate consumers." South African Journal of Business Management 17, no. 4 (1986): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v17i4.1053.

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Communicating effectively with consumers is a major problem facing marketers world-wide. In South Africa a substantial proportion of adult consumers are illiterate. Considerable potential could be unlocked if marketers were to differentiate or expand their communication strategy to specifically address illiterate consumers. It is estimated that between 40% and 50% of adult blacks in South Africa are illiterate. Exploratory research was undertaken to establish how a sample of illiterate and semi-literate blacks perceived, recognized and understood a selection of printed advertisements of consum

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Nashwan, Ayat J. J., and Stan L. Bowie. "Social Work as a Career: Comparative Motivations of Black and White Social Workers." Journal of Baccalaureate Social Work 23, no. 1 (2018): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18084/1084-7219.23.1.31.

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This research investigated differential career choice factors (CCFs) that motivated Black and White graduates to enroll in MSW programs. The purposive sample (N=1,020) was mostly White (66.4%), and consisted of individuals living primarily in Tennessee (71%) and Florida (13.2%), with MSWs from CSWE-accredited schools in 45 states. Most (36%) were social work majors as undergraduates, followed by psychology (27.3%) and sociology (7.2%) majors. Data were collected using the Career Development Subscale of the Preparation for Graduate Social Work Education Scale. Influential CCFs were different fo

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Zack, Naomi. "Intersection Theory as Progressive." Harvard Review of Philosophy 26 (2019): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/harvardreview201910325.

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Many are already familiar with the idea of intersectionality. Intersection Theory can be conceived as encompassing other progressive theories, such as Philosophy of Race and Feminism. In Philosophy of Race, the ultimate explanatory concept is race; in Feminism, the ultimate explanatory term is gender. This discrepancy has given rise to Black Feminism. Intersection Theory can also be contextualized and expanded to include more detailed intersections when there is inequality within intersected groups. But, intersectionality does yet address unpredictable violence, either against blacks or normal

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De Araujo Aguiar, Luciana. "Festivities as Spaces of Identity Construction." Journal of Festive Studies 1, no. 1 (2019): 128–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33823/jfs.2019.1.1.33.

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Jongo is a cultural practice specific to the cities located in the Paraíba do Sul river valley, in the south-eastern region of Brazil. It is a form of expression rooted in the knowledge, rituals and beliefs of the African populations of Bantu language and which incorporates drum percussion, collective dance, and magic-religious, poetic elements. The roda, literally meaning “round,” is the performance space of the jongo. The quest for an “authentic jongo dance” at the time of the rodas often leads to disputes among various groups claiming the greater “purity” of their group, or the greater “tru

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Keaton, Trica Danielle. "THE POLITICS OF RACE-BLINDNESS." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 7, no. 1 (2010): 103–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x10000202.

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AbstractThe discourse of “race-blindness” in contemporary France cannot help but engender what it seeks to evade, “race” consciousness. Nowhere, is this dynamic better illustrated than by the current public debate on “Black” consciousness, “Black” identity discourses, and “French Black” activism that have emerge in response to an avoided “race” question in hexagonal France where “Blacks” have now reached a critical mass. In examining these issues, I argue that “French Black” activists are, however, limiting their own effectiveness when its adherents also retreat from a critical concept of “rac

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Viénot, Françoise, and Hans Brettel. "The Verriest Lecture: Visual properties of metameric blacks beyond cone vision." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 31, no. 4 (2013): A38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.31.000a38.

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Clemons, Aris Moreno. "New Blacks: Language, DNA, and the Construction of the African American/Dominican Boundary of Difference." Genealogy 5, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy5010001.

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Given the current political climate in the U.S.—the civil unrest regarding the recognition of the Black Lives Matter movement, the calls to abolish prisons and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention, and the workers’ rights movements—projects investigating moments of inter-ethnic solidarity and conflict remain essential. Because inter-ethnic conflict and solidarity in communities of color have become more visible as waves of migration over the past 50 years have complicated and enriched the sociocultural landscape of the U.S., I examine the ways that raciolinguistic ideologie

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Wolfe, Alan, and Jytte Klausen. "Identity Politics and the Welfare State." Social Philosophy and Policy 14, no. 2 (1997): 231–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052500001898.

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Motivated by a deep sense that injustice and inequality are wrong, liberals and reformers in the Western political tradition have focused their energies on policies and programs which seek inclusion: extending the suffrage to those without property; seeking to treat women the same as men, and blacks the same as whites; trying to ensure that as few as possible are excluded from economic opportunity due to lack of resources. Under current conditions, such demands for inclusion take two primary forms, especially in the United States. One is a commitment to using the state to equalize the life cha

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Commander, M. J., S. P. Sashi Dharan, S. M. Odell, and P. G. Surtees. "Access to mental health care in an inner-city health district. II: Association with demographic factors." British Journal of Psychiatry 170, no. 4 (1997): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.170.4.317.

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BackgroundIn addition to clinical and service factors, planners need to take account of the influence of demographic variables, especially ethnicity, on access to mental health care.MethodEstimated prevalence rates were calculated from epidemiological surveys undertaken in three settings: psychiatric services, primary care and the general population. Associations between demographic factors and service use were examined using the pathways to care model.ResultsConsiderable differences in access to mental health care were found, particularly according to ethnicity. The major impediment to Asians

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Hoang, Linh. "Racism and “Place” in American Catholic Experience." Interreligious Studies and Intercultural Theology 3, no. 1-2 (2019): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/isit.35573.

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Racism occurs in place. It is any place where human beings dwell such as a certain location, a house, or even a church. Racism is a lived experience that exposes the tragedy of hate and fear of the other. It pushes people into uncomfortable places. Asian Americans have built enclaves across the United States in order to maintain their cultural identity and help in resettlement. These ethnic enclaves have become, however, a way to silence and sideline Asians from the racial debates that has traditionally pitted blacks and whites for centuries. Asians have "assimilated" well into the dominant wh

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Corenblum, B., R. C. Annis, and J. S. Tanaka. "Influence of Cognitive Development, Self-competency, and Teacher Evaluations on the Development of Children’s Racial Identity." International Journal of Behavioral Development 20, no. 2 (1997): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502597385333.

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Levels of cognitive development and perceived self-competencies have been shown to predict attitudes held by children in both minority and majority groups toward own-group members. Teacher appraisals may also influence children’s own-group attitudes by enforcing category-based expectancies and stereotypes about children’s group membership. To test this idea, White and Native Indian children in kindergarten, grades 1 and 2, answered recognition, similarity, and evaluation questions by pointing to pictures of Whites, Natives, and Blacks. Measures of children’s concrete operational thought and se

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Fossum, M., N. Najimi, and P. Whitesell. "0617 Optimization of OSA Screening in a Black Population." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (2020): A236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.614.

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Abstract Introduction Racial disparities in the prevalence and severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in Black Americans may play an important contributory role in the increased burden of cardiometabolic disease experienced by this population. Effective screening for OSA could permit early recognition and treatment, thereby preventing future the adverse cardiovascular outcomes which contribute to a decreased life expectancy. The STOP-BANG questionnaire is a validated screening tool for OSA as demonstrated in many populations and settings. Unfortunately, Blacks have typically been underrepre

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Jipguep-Akhtar, Marie C., Tia Dickerson, and Denae Bradley. "When crises collide—Policing a pandemic during social unrest." Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 6, no. 3 (2021): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.199.

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In 2020, the United States was shaken by concurrent crises: the COVID-19 pandemic and protests for racial equality. Both crises present significant challenges for law enforcement. On the one hand, the protests for racial equality drew the public’s attention to the criminal justice system’s disparate treatment of Blacks and other people of colour. On the other hand, the pandemic required the expansion of police duties to enforce public health mandates. To ensure compliance, law enforcement may arrest, detain, and even use force to prevent the transmission of communicable diseases that may have

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Hamlin, Abbey, A. Zarina Kraal, and Laura Zahodne. "Social Engagement and Episodic Memory in Non-Hispanic Black and White Older Adults." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1101.

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Abstract Social engagement may confer cognitive benefits in older adulthood, but studies have typically been restricted to largely non-Hispanic White (NHW) samples. Levels of social engagement vary across race such that NHW report larger social networks, more frequent participation in social activities, and greater social support than non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB). Associations between social engagement and cognition may also vary by race, but research is sparse. The current cross-sectional study examined associations between different aspects of social engagement and episodic memory performance,

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Lee, Dayong, and Peter Stout. "Toxicological and Demographic Profiles of Phencyclidine-Impaired Driving Cases in Houston." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 44, no. 5 (2020): 499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/bkz111.

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Abstract Phencyclidine (PCP) was first synthesized in 1926 and originally developed in 1950s as a general anesthetic agent. Abuse of PCP declined at the national level since its first illicit use in 1960s, but it continues in certain areas including Houston. This research evaluates PCP-positive cases of driving while intoxicated (DWI) in 2013–2018. The blood samples were collected from drivers, submitted by the Houston Police Department and analyzed for alcohol and drugs. Toxicological findings and demographic information were evaluated for the impaired driving cases tested positive for PCP in

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Ibrahim, Yasmin. "The Negro marketing dilemma." Journal of Historical Research in Marketing 8, no. 4 (2016): 545–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhrm-04-2015-0013.

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Purpose Terminologies such as “integrated marketing” and “market segmentation” may be common parlance in contemporary marketing literature, but, in post-war America, they had distinct racial orientations mediated by a history of segregation. This paper aims to examine the resonant discourses in the construction of the Negro market in post-war America and observes that the field of marketing provides a historiography, where Negro marketing was constructed as dilemmatic and through a duality of the black market impacting the well-established white market. A survey of marketing literature from th

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Baier, Annette C. "The Need for More than Justice." Canadian Journal of Philosophy Supplementary Volume 13 (1987): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1987.10715928.

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In recent decades in North American social and moral philosophy, alongside the development and discussion of widely influential theories of justice, taken as Rawls takes it as the ‘first virtue of social institutions,’ there has been a counter-movement gathering strength, one coming from some interesting sources. For some of the most outspoken of the diverse group who have in a variety of ways been challenging the assumed supremacy of justice among the moral and social virtues are members of those sections of society whom one might have expected to be especially aware of the supreme importance

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Williams, Lauren A., Deirdra R. Terrell, Bernhard Lammle, Johanna Kremer-Hovinga, James N. George, and Sara K. Vesely. "The Incidence of TTP-HUS: Racial Disparity among Patients with Severe ADAMTS13 Deficiency." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.857.857.

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Abstract Previous studies have estimated the U.S. incidence of TTP to be 3.7/106/year, based on U.S. death certificates (Am J Hem1995;50:84), and 3.8/106/year, based on claims submitted to a national health insurer (Epidemiol2004;15:208). These methods are indirect and require extrapolation to determine incidence rates. We estimated the incidence directly from the Oklahoma TTP-HUS Registry. The Registry accrues all patients treated with plasma exchange (PE) for a clinical diagnosis of TTP or HUS (therefore excluding only children with typical HUS) in central, western, and southeastern Oklahoma

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Pita Pico, Roger. "La exclusión étnica en la educación básica y secundaria en la naciente república de Colombia, 1819-1825." Revista Historia de la Educación Colombiana 17, no. 17 (2015): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rhec.141717.40.

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El propósito de este artículo consiste en analizar las dificultades del naciente Estado republicano para diseñar un sistema educativo incluyente que cobijara a las minorías étnicas. Muy poco se logró avanzar en estos años por superar la mentalidad segregacionista y la rígida estructura social que habían primado durante el periodo de dominio hispánico. Así, entonces, los principios republicanos de igualdad y libertad no se vieron reflejados en la política educativa, que resultó afectada por la crisis económica, el déficit fiscal y los estragos causados por las guerras de Independencia; por cons

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Escudero, Cristian A., Andrés F. Calvo, and Arley Bejarano. "Black Sigatoka Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks." International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing 11, no. 4 (2021): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmlc.2021.11.4.1055.

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In this paper we present a methodology for the automatic recognition of black Sigatoka in commercial banana crops. This method uses a LeNet convolutional neural network to detect the progress of infection by the disease in different regions of a leaf image; using this information, we trained a decision tree in order to classify the level of infection severity. The methodology was validated with an annotated database, which was built in the process of this work and which can be compared with other state-of-the-art alternatives. The results show that the method is robust against atypical values

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Sesko, Amanda K., and Monica Biernat. "Invisibility of Black women: Drawing attention to individuality." Group Processes & Intergroup Relations 21, no. 1 (2016): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368430216663017.

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We examine nonprototypicality as an antecedent to invisibility ( lack of individuation) of Black women. Study 1 varied numerical representation of Black women within the group “women” to be low/equal to White women, and Study 2 varied the trait overlap of Black women to be low/high relative to White women and/or Black men. Invisibility was measured by a face recognition task. Rather than invisibility being reduced under conditions of equal numerical representation and high trait overlap, low numerical representation and low trait overlap increased recognition for Black female faces. In Studies

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Wolfenstein, Eugene Victor. "Recognition andThe Souls of Black Folks." Souls 7, no. 3-4 (2005): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10999940500265540.

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Singh, Robert P., and SherRhonda R. Gibbs. "Opportunity recognition processes of black entrepreneurs." Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship 26, no. 6 (2013): 643–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2014.892312.

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Visscher, Peter. "Fanon and Recognition." Stance: An International Undergraduate Philosophy Journal 13 (2020): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/stance2020138.

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This paper applies Hegel’s master-slave dialectic to Fanon’s issue of pseudo-recognition discussed in the essay, “The Negro and Recognition,” as a way of establishing a form of self-consciousness. I begin the paper by arguing that in the Hegelian dialectic establishing a self-consciousness is an essential prerequisite to Fanon’s goal of mutual subject-recognition. I then argue that given the position of black people as slaves within the master-slave dialectic, they are denied the recognition required to attain being in-itself for-itself, which in reality can only be obtained if black people es

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Visscher, Peter. "Fanon and Recognition." Stance: an international undergraduate philosophy journal 13, no. 1 (2020): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/s.13.1.96-105.

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This paper applies Hegel’s master-slave dialectic to Fanon’s issue of pseudo-recognition discussed in the essay, “The Negro and Recognition,” as a way of establishing a form of self-consciousness. I begin the paper by arguing that in the Hegelian dialectic establishing a self-consciousness is an essential prerequisite to Fanon’s goal of mutual subject-recognition. I then argue that given the position of black people as slaves within the master-slave dialectic, they are denied the recognition required to attain being in-itself for-itself, which in reality can only be obtained if black people es

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Gmiterko, Alexander. "LINE RECOGNITION SENSORS." TECHNICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES, no. 4 (14) (2018): 194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2018-4(14)-194-200.

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Urgency of the research. There is a need from industrial practice for developing of methods for linefollowing navigation of automated guided vehicle (AGV) for logistic task in factories without operators. Target setting. Various types of navigation methods are used for vehicles. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Navigation of this automated guided vehicle can be made through the color line on ground or through the inductive sensed cable located underground. Also magnetically guided method is used. Various types of optical markers can be also used. Nowadays this type of autonomo

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Chiroro, Patrick, and Tim Valentine. "An Investigation of the Contact Hypothesis of the Own-race Bias in Face Recognition." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 48, no. 4 (1995): 879–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640749508401421.

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Although previous studies have demonstrated that faces of one's own race are recognized more accurately than are faces of other races, the theoretical basis of this effect is not clearly understood at present. The experiment reported in this paper tested the contact hypothesis of the own-race bias in face recognition using a cross-cultural design. Four groups of subjects were tested for their recognition of distinctive and typical own-race and other-race faces: (1) black Africans who had a high degree of contact with white faces, (2) black Africans who had little or no contact with white faces

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Barrett, Paul. "Fantasies of Recognition." TOPIA: Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies 42 (May 2021): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/topia-42-004.

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This article locates Austin Clarke’s writing in relation to the contemporary scandals that are transforming Canadian literature. Clarke’s work historicizes the present struggles in Canadian literature to centre Black voices and challenge white supremacy. Furthermore, the monological dimensions of Clarke’s writing challenge notions of multicultural recognition and understanding through dialogue. In a manner that reflects Clarke’s own experience with the institutions of CanLit, his characters speak to a white Canada that is largely indifferent to their words and refuses to recognize them on thei

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Carroo, Agatha White. "Recognition of Faces as a Function of Race, Attitudes, and Reported Cross-Racial Friendships." Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, no. 1 (1987): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.1.319.

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This study was conducted to assess the ability of 19 black male and 25 female college students to identify previously seen black and white male and female faces as a function of interracial experience, racial attitude, and cross-racial friendships. A significant own-race advantage in recognition was noted; concomitantly, more frequent false responses with white faces were recorded. Trends between performance and cross-racial friendship and interracial experience were noted for black males' recognition of white males' faces. No significant relationships between egalitarian attitude and recognit

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LI, TZE FEN, and SHIAW-SHIAN YU. "HANDPRINTED CHINESE CHARACTER RECOGNITION USING THE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION FEATURE." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 08, no. 05 (1994): 1241–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001494000620.

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A simplified Bayes rule is used to classify 5401 categories of handwritten Chinese characters. The main feature for the Bayes rule deals with the probability distribution of black pixels of a thinned character. Our idea is that each Chinese character indicated by the black pixels represents a probability distribution in a two-dimensional plane. Therefore, an unknown pattern is classified into one of 5401 different distributions by the Bayes rule. Since the handwritten character has an irregular shape variation, the whole character is normalized and then thinned. Finally, a transformation is us

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Cheng, Shuang, Kai Shi, Li Guang Wang, Meng Jun Ye, and Chang Hui Hu. "Path Recognition Technology of Self-Tracing Car Based on OV6620." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 1572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.1572.

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This paper proposes extracting black line with small-scale method in the self-tracing car system based on OV6620 as the video sensor unit. Describe the hardware design of OV6620 and other two kinds of image signal extracting methods, which are to extract black line from left to right, and extract black line from middle to both sides. The testing shows that extracting black line with small-scale method has good stability, accuracy, and anti-interference.

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GIBBS, SHERRHONDA R. "THE BITTER TRUTH: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BLACK MALE AND BLACK FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 19, no. 01 (2014): 1450006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s108494671450006x.

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The paper examines variables stated to be central to entrepreneurial success and reports differences between black male and black female entrepreneurs. Variables studied include task-specific efficacy, firm performance and opportunity recognition. Using a sample of 85 males and 58 females, results indicated that although black male and female entrepreneurs are somewhat similar in terms of business environment and demographics (e.g., education levels, years of business industry experience, likelihood of having a business mentor, etc.), black females trailed black male entrepreneurs in firm perf

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Policht, Richard, Vlastimil Hart, Denis Goncharov, et al. "Vocal recognition of a nest-predator in black grouse." PeerJ 7 (March 15, 2019): e6533. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6533.

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Corvids count among the important predators of bird nests. They are vocal animals and one can expect that birds threatened by their predation, such as black grouse, are sensitive to and recognize their calls. Within the framework of field studies, we noticed that adult black grouse were alerted by raven calls during periods outside the breeding season. Since black grouse are large, extremely precocial birds, this reaction can hardly be explained by sensitization specifically to the threat of nest predation by ravens. This surprising observation prompted us to study the phenomenon more systemat

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Anglin, Gary J., and W. Howard Levie. "Role of Visual Richness in Picture Recognition Memory." Perceptual and Motor Skills 61, no. 3_suppl (1985): 1303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1985.61.3f.1303.

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25 fourth graders, 21 eighth graders, and 21 college students were shown slides of objects presented as (a) color photographs, (b) black-and-white photographs, (c) simple outline drawings, or (d) printed words. After an 8-wk. delay, students were asked to discriminate the study slides from similar distractor slides. No significant differences were found among the types of pictures. Recognition of black-and-white photographs was superior to words.

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Koenecke, Allison, Andrew Nam, Emily Lake, et al. "Racial disparities in automated speech recognition." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 14 (2020): 7684–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915768117.

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Automated speech recognition (ASR) systems, which use sophisticated machine-learning algorithms to convert spoken language to text, have become increasingly widespread, powering popular virtual assistants, facilitating automated closed captioning, and enabling digital dictation platforms for health care. Over the last several years, the quality of these systems has dramatically improved, due both to advances in deep learning and to the collection of large-scale datasets used to train the systems. There is concern, however, that these tools do not work equally well for all subgroups of the popu

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Brooksbank, Peter A. "Fast Constructive Recognition of Black-Box Unitary Groups." LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics 6 (2003): 162–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s1461157000000437.

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AbstractIn this paper, the author presents a new algorithm to recognise, constructively, when a given black-box group is a homomorphic image of the unitary group SU(d, q) for known d and q. The algorithm runs in polynomial time, assuming the existence of oracles for handling SL(2, q) subgroups, and for computing discrete logarithms in cyclic groups of order q ± 1.

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Charrier, Isabelle, and Christopher B. Sturdy. "Call-based species recognition in black-capped chickadees." Behavioural Processes 70, no. 3 (2005): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2005.07.007.

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Dietrich, Heiko, C. R. Leedham-Green, and E. A. O'Brien. "Effective black-box constructive recognition of classical groups." Journal of Algebra 421 (January 2015): 460–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2014.08.039.

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Brooksbank, Peter A., and William M. Kantor. "Fast constructive recognition of black box orthogonal groups." Journal of Algebra 300, no. 1 (2006): 256–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2006.02.024.

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Brooksbank, Peter A. "Fast constructive recognition of black box symplectic groups." Journal of Algebra 320, no. 2 (2008): 885–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2008.03.021.

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Hills, Peter J., Leanne Lowe, Brooke Hedges, and Ana Rita Teixeira. "The Role of Extraversion, IQ and Contact in the Own-Ethnicity Face Recognition Bias." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 82, no. 4 (2019): 1872–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-019-01947-6.

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AbstractWhile IQ is weakly related to the overall face recognition (Shakeshaft & Plomin, 2015), it plays a larger role in the processing of misaligned faces in the composite face task (Zhu et al., 2010). This type of stimuli are relatively novel and may reflect the involvement of intelligence in the processing of infrequently encountered faces, such as those of other-ethnicities. Extraversion is associated with increased eye contact which signifies less viewing of diagnostic features for Black faces. Using an old/new recognition paradigm, we found that IQ negatively correlated with the mag

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