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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Reconciliation – Zimbabwe

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Academic literature on the topic 'Reconciliation – Zimbabwe'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Reconciliation – Zimbabwe"

1

Khan, Khatija Bibi. "RECONCILIATION WITHOUT JUSTICE? AN ANALYSIS OF THE FILM, RECONCILIATION IN ZIMBABWE, THE FIRST TEN YEARS." Commonwealth Youth and Development 12, no. 1 (2016): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1727-7140/1606.

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The aim of this article is to explore the idea of reconciliation and justice in the documentary film, Reconciliation in Zimbabwe, the first ten years (1990). This film is one of the very first and few films to deal with the themes of reconciliation and justice from the perspective of the moving image. At the centre of the film narrative is how different political constituents in Zimbabwe between 1980 and 1990 think about the question of reconciliation and the possibility of ultimate justice. Coming immediately after the war, the film debates the varied and diverse expectations of Zimbabwean whites and blacks, and the role of memory in relationship to the new politics of tolerance proposed by the Prime Minister of Zimbabwe, Robert Gabriel Mugabe. The article argues that the significance of the film lies in the desire to balance hotly contested perspectives on what constitutes reconciliation and justice in Zimbabwe.

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Machingura, Francis. "The Reading & Interpretation of Matthew 18:21-22 in Relation to Multiple Reconciliations: The Zimbabwean Experience." Exchange 39, no. 4 (2010): 331–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157254310x537016.

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AbstractThe mention of the terms ‘healing, truth and reconciliation’, conjure up different meanings across religio-political, social and economical divide in Zimbabwe. This paper seeks to explore the possible implications of the reading of Matthew 18:21-22 in relation to reconciliation in the face of continual and structural violence in Zimbabwe. This rose as a result of the multiple reconciliation undertakings that have been witnessed by the Zimbabweans since the attainment of Independence in 1980. These healing whistles have been sounded in 1980, 1987 and recently 2008 after the brutal violence that took place in different shapes and depth. Most of the victims belonged to both political parties but mostly opposition parties save the violence before Independence as shall be shown in this paper. What is interesting is that, the recent 24-26 July 2009 healing calls by Mugabe are no longer a new phenomenon in Zimbabwe, as they do not produce any positive change on people’s behaviour and attitude; when it comes to how Zimbabwean people should relate and integrate each other without resorting to violence in the face of different political views. Surprisingly the calls for peace, unity, reconciliation, integration and forgiveness have left the Zimbabwean society more: wounded, divided and polarised than healed; and more disintegrated than integrated. How does one reconcile with someone who murdered your father, raped your mother or sister in your face; and that person is not made accountable for his actions but is only asked to apologize? This paper seeks to argue that healing or any reconciliation without the seeking of truth and justice is a goose chasing as it still leaves Zimbabwe a ‘violence infested’ country. I also take issue with Religious Leaders who quote Matthew 18:21-22; as a precursor for unconditional forgiveness on the part of the victim when it comes to reconciliation and healing in Zimbabwe.

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CHIKONZO, KELVIN. "From Panic to Reconciliation: Protest Theatre and the State in Zimbabwe, 1999–2012." Theatre Research International 41, no. 3 (2016): 218–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883316000390.

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Between 1999 and 2008, Zimbabwe was in political and economic crisis. A number of theatre-makers responded by creating several different kinds of protest theatre. They did this to compensate for a media monopoly by the state, to promote active citizen engagement in politics, and to promote political change. This article first surveys developments in protest theatre at this time. It then draws attention to a brand of protest theatre that emerged after the crisis in Zimbabwe, after the formation of a Government of National Unity. Reconciliatory protest theatre, I explain, was concerned with issues of national healing and reconciliation which dominated the post-crisis situation in Zimbabwe. Whilst both the state and protest artists concurred on the fact that the nation ought to be healed and that reconciliation was needed, tensions emerged as to how the processes of healing and reconciliation were to unfold. By looking at two examples in detail, I explain how Zimbabwe's theatre artists viewed this issue, and how the state reacted.

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Shale, Victor. "Review: Zimbabwe: Injustice and Political Reconciliation." Journal of African elections 4, no. 2 (2005): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20940/jae/2005/v4i2a9.

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Ingham-Thorpe, Val. "Reconciliation in Zimbabwe: Reality or illusion?" Development in Practice 7, no. 4 (1997): 487–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09614529754332.

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Mutanda, Darlington. "Post-Colonial Violence in Zimbabwe and the Significance of Peacebuilding Premised on Civilian Survival Strategies." Journal of Peacebuilding & Development 14, no. 2 (2019): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542316619850159.

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Guided by the theory of conflict transformation, this article contributes to knowledge through articulating the significance of peacebuilding that is centred on civilian survival strategies (CSS) of flight, silence, voice, and joining the perpetrators of violence. The purpose is to articulate what could be done to promote reconciliation and build peace in a heavily polarised environment. CSS aid in identifying, from the perspective of the victims and even witnesses, the aspects that need to be built into the reconciliation process in Zimbabwe, and how these can enable reconciliation to take place. The CSS model demonstrated that citizens wanted reconciliation to be effected through truth-telling, ending political violence, and eliminating structural factors that lead to political violence, tolerance, and the mending of relationships. This article thus reveals the utility of reconciliation that benefits from CSS. Zimbabwe can potentially benefit from civilian input in carrying out a locally initiated and durable reconciliation programme.

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Tarusarira, Joram. "When Piety Is Not Enough: Religio-Political Organizations in Pursuit of Peace and Reconciliation in Zimbabwe." Religions 11, no. 5 (2020): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11050235.

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In post-independence Zimbabwe, religion has been associated with piety and acquiescence rather than radical confrontation. This has made it look preposterous for religious leaders to adopt seemingly radical and confrontational stances in pursuit of peace and reconciliation. Since the early 2000s, a new breed of religious leaders that deploy radical and confrontational strategies to pursue peace has emerged in Zimbabwe. Rather than restricting pathways to peace and reconciliation to nonconfrontational approaches such as empathy, pacifism, prayer, meditation, love, repentance, compassion, apology and forgiveness, these religious leaders have extended them to demonstrations, petitions and critically speaking out. Because these religious leaders do not restrict themselves to the methods and strategies of engagement and dialogue advocated by mainstream church leaders, mainstream church leaders and politicians condemn them as nonconformists that transcend their religious mandate. These religious leaders have redefined and reframed the meaning and method of pursuing peace and reconciliation in Zimbabwe and brought a new consciousness on the role of religious leaders in times of political violence and hostility. Through qualitative interviews with religious leaders from a network called Churches in Manicaland in Zimbabwe, which emerged at the height of political violence in the early 2000s, and locating the discussion within the discourse of peace and reconciliation, this article argues that the pursuit of peace and reconciliation by religious actors is not a predefined and linear, but rather a paradoxical and hermeneutical exercise which might involve seemingly contradictory approaches such as “hard” and “soft” strategies. Resultantly, religio-political nonconformism should not be perceived as a stubborn departure from creeds and conventions, but rather as a phenomenon that espouses potential to positively change socio-economic and political dynamics that advance peace and reconciliation.

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Rwodzi, Aaron. "Reconciliation: A false start in Zimbabwe? (1980-1990)." Cogent Arts & Humanities 7, no. 1 (2020): 1745555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2020.1745555.

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Rich Dorman, Sara. "Reconciliation, Christianity and the Politics of Non-Conformism in Zimbabwe." Journal of Southern African Studies 43, no. 6 (2017): 1316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2017.1379705.

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Jeater, Diana. "Can spirits play a role in peace and reconciliation projects? Perspectives on traditional reconciliation in Zimbabwe." Journal of Contemporary African Studies 38, no. 1 (2020): 154–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2020.1746755.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Reconciliation – Zimbabwe"

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Hawkins, Matthew. "The politics of unity and reconciliation in Zimbabwe /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arh394.pdf.

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Bhebhe, Philip. "The role of education in national reconstruction and reconciliation in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3901.

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This study is a contribution to the growing literature on the subject of the role of education in national reconstruction and reconciliation in countries that have experienced conflict and severe dislocation. It takes as its focus the case of Zimbabwe during the period 1980-2010 but related to experiences of conflict in countries such as Angola, Liberia, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, Somalia, the Sudan and Rwanda in Africa and, elsewhere, in Bosnia, Iraq, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon and Northern Ireland.

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Hofisi, Sharon. "Towards transitional justice in Zimbabwe: the role of the National Peace and Reconciliation Commission and Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/77205.

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Transitional justice (TJ) in Zimbabwe can be gleaned as a maze of detached filaments mainly championed by civil society organisations. Though the origins of TJ as a discipline are polemic and debatable, going as far back as Athenian times, TJ was visibilised in the 1990s during the third wave of democratisation, when it developed globally as a self-consolidating field and transdisciplinary concept which focused on outcomes such as prosecution, truth-telling, guarantees for non-recurrence, vetting, and the payment of reparations for victims of conflicts. The traditional focus of TJ was largely template-based or some kind of one-size-fits-all concept which focused on truths and reconciliation concepts. Significantly for victims of violent conflicts, repressive rule and serious human rights abuses, the emerging approach to TJ at the United Nations (UN) and regional institutions such as the African Union (AU) and institutions such as African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR) has been to focus on country-specific, localised, and holistic approaches that enhance transformative transitional justice in countries striving to find lasting solutions to deep problems caused by armed conflicts or serious human rights violations. While there is a robust nexus between human rights, democracy, and TJ, the link is weaker for TJ as it remains an elusive concept in Zimbabwe. Besides, TJ efforts yield different considerations and impacts on racialised, ethnicised, politicised, and institutionalised challenges in Zimbabwe. In most cases, the elusive nature of TJ is felt by victims, their family members, community dwellers, community-based organisations, and faith-based organisations than alleged perpetrators. TJ is perceived in this thesis to be a critical concept that should be properly aligned with internationalised and localised responses. This thesis shows that international agencies now recognise and essentialise the important roles that national institutions (formal or informal), can play in preventing the occurrence and/or recurrence of conflicts and can also play in fostering sustainable cultures of human rights. Specifically, the thesis covers examination of how institutional complementarity between two independent institutions supporting democracy in Zimbabwe; the National Peace and Reconciliation Commission (NPRC) and the Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission (ZHRC) can be innovatively used to enable the Zimbabwean society to formalise transitional or post-conflict justice using the Constitution and international normative frameworks. The overarching research question in this thesis is: what are the main challenges/limitations and opportunities/openings for the ZHRC and the NPRC to advance TJ in Zimbabwe? The specific research questions are 1. What does the international and national TJ normative framework entail and what is its theoretical force? 2. What constitutes a genuinely contextualised and holistic transitional justice in Zimbabwe? 3. How innovative have the NPRC and ZHRC been in making TJ a reality in Zimbabwe? 4. How can the Zimbabwean TJ framework be improved constitutionally, statutorily, and in practice? In this milieu, adherence to the normative principles of domestic constitutionalism, rule of law and human rights is essential to advance TJ and in identifying victims and most affected groups. The NPRC and ZHRC should thus be innovative in utilising international normative frameworks and aligning them with their constitutional mandates that speak to TJ. Sadly though, the NPRC and ZHRC are yet to align their mandates or work to international frameworks. The thesis concludes with an emphasis on the need for a coherent and transformative TJ policy that is informed by the root causes of societal problems in Zimbabwe: racial, ethnic, economic, political, doctrinal, pandemic-induced and so forth. Through constitutionally-established institutional independence, the NPRC, ZHRC and other Chapter 12 institutions supporting democracy in Zimbabwe must thrive on public legitimacy, confidence, and trust to promote dialogic democratisation and democratic consolidation which also recognise that the victim’s voice in TJ initiatives must be prioritised. Lethargic governance, toxic politics and confidence deficits should be addressed from a human rights as well as transformative TJ perspective. Ultimately, the TJ outcomes expected in this thesis should help Zimbabweans fully reconcile, achieve total peace, and move towards permanent healing. A context-sensitive and coherent TJ should be seen as a precious fruit of the normative frameworks espoused by the Constitution and regionalised or globalised TJ frameworks. Keywords Independent institutions, reconciliation, healing, peace, human rights institutions, holistic approaches, context-sensitive transitional justice, transformative justice.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020.<br>Canon Collins<br>Centre for Human Rights<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted

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Crowcombe, Matthew D. "When the past remains present : developing Truth Commission guidance frameworks to assist transitional and post-conflict states." Thesis, Swansea University, 2012. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43071.

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The world is currently afflicted by unstable and undemocratic political systems which are frequently a product of failed political transitions. At the point of transition, states are often presented with the unique opportunity to address past human rights violations and restore divided societies, through the implementation of thorough and effective transitional justice processes; truth commissions remain one of the most influential tools in orchestrating these practices. However, as recent history demonstrates, when implemented incorrectly, the transitional justice processes facilitated by truth commission enquiries can not only be ineffective but also damaging. To account for these inadequacies, this thesis seeks to address three key issues: a common misunderstanding of the core concepts promoted by truth commission investigations, the need to notate and comprehend the positive and negative outcomes of past commission enquiries and the current lack of 'case-specific' guidance for future truth commission architects. With reference to these studies, the thesis will then seek to develop a three-pronged truth commission guidance framework to account for the three modes of political change through which transitional states can pass and recommend the establishment of a 'Truth Commission Advisory Body' to oversee and assist the process. These frameworks will then be applied to the case study of Zimbabwe, which is considered to be a candidate for political transition in the near future. The current proliferation of truth commission investigations reflects the common belief that they are the best response when confronting a transitional state's troubled past; this belief can only be vindicated by a substantial increase in the positive and lasting effects of future commission endeavours. Ultimately, this will only be achieved by an increased understanding of these complex processes and the provision of more extensive guidance to those seeking to foster them; this thesis represents a step closer to this eventuality.

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Murambadoro, Ruth Ratidzai. "Transitional justice and reconciliation in Zimbabwe : a case study on tradition-based approaches in two local communities." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65590.

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Transitional justice and reconciliation are nebulous concepts and pose a lot of challenges for conflict stricken communities in Africa. Firstly, justice is inherently a political concept whose conceptualisation and application is highly contested. Secondly, the application of legal recourse through transitional justice processes has developed contending approaches and policies, which range from Western-centred legal frameworks (focusing on the state) to broader African justice processes that seek to rebuild relationships between community members. Thirdly, the institutionalisation of transitional justice has facilitated the diversification of its goals and processes for implementation. Critical scholars propose that where official processes of transitional justice and reconciliation at the national or international level are out of reach for the local communities, it is important to promote the local, unofficial processes that exist. In this research, this aspect was explored in relation to the case of Zimbabwe where the Western-inspired government-led initiatives for transitional justice and reconciliation have inhibited the local population from acquiring justice. Making use of a qualitative ethnographic case study research method in Buhera and Mudzi districts, the research examined how the local communities resolve the conflicts that occur in their place of location, as well as how the context in which these experiences happen influence their understanding of justice. The research established that various people hold varying meanings of what would count for justice to be served. Therefore, a one-size-fits-all approach to transitional justice and reconciliation is not adequate. An enabling environment that accommodates various views of justice is required for transitional justice to work.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.<br>Political Sciences<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted

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Maribha, Sheilla Kudzai. "An evaluation of Zimbabwe's national peace and reconciliation commission Bill, 2017." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6369.

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Magister Legum - LLM (Criminal Justice and Procedure)<br>This is a study of Zimbabwe's National Peace and Reconciliation Commission Bill (hereafter NPRC Bill). The NPRC Bill seeks to bring the National Peace and Reconciliation Commission (hereafter NPRC) of Zimbabwe into operation. The NPRC is a truth commission set to promote post-conflict justice, national peace and reconciliation in Zimbabwe. The study discusses the prospects of establishing an effective NPRC in Zimbabwe by examining the provisions of the NPRC Bill. The view of the paper is that, without proper guidance from a comprehensive law, the NPRC is bound to be a victim of its own failure.

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Chikanya, Tichaona Nigel. "The relevance of Moltmann’s concept of hope for the discourse on hope in Zimbabwe." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24291.

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Many Zimbabweans experienced its 18 April 1980 independence of Zimbabwe as ushering in an era of hope. However, it is shown that events like Operations Murambatsvina and Makavhotasei, the Land Reform Program, and the Economic Structural Adjustment Program significantly and negatively impacted on the initial hope of independence. The study traces and explores the potential of Moltmann’s work on hope for the Zimbabwean context. It is concluded that Moltmann’s work can make a constructive contribution the meta-discourse on hope in Zimbabwe. This is specifically the case with reference to the way in which Moltmann’s theology of hope integrates the role of history, God’s promise in a comprehensive eschatological framework, grounded in his Christology.<br>Dissertation (MTh)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>Dogmatics and Christian Ethics<br>unrestricted

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Chikwanda, Clever. "Combining sport and mediation skills for community healing. A multiple case study of two post-conflict communities in South Africa and Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3884.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>This paper argues that post conflict communities need capacity to effectively deal with violent conflicts. This study therefore examines avenues through which sport can be used as a catalyst for mediation programmes in Zimbabwe and South Africa, to address sustainable community healing. This will capacitate communities with the skills to mediate and resolve their own conflicts, thereby contributing to knowledge and changing the paradigm of post-conflict community healing. Grounded in the structural functionalist theory and John Paul Lederach’s Multilevel Leadership pyramid, this study was carried out in Mfuleni, Western Cape and Highfields, Harare, where mediation training for sport participants, community coaches, sports men and women were carried out. It was assessed at all the stages using the qualitative research methodology. This study discovered many benefits derived from the sport and mediation training. However, successful implementation of sport and mediation training in post-conflict communities can face challenges around language, different ways of interpreting terms and related issues by stakeholders; the extreme dominance of religion; superstition and use of magic in sport; lack of acceptance in communities on issues around age and gender, owing to patriarchy. It also noted that the school system is replete with loopholes that threaten the security of learners. Also, the school system is caught in the net of propagating patriarchal values, albeit in subtle ways. As such, the need to take all these into consideration cannot be overemphasised

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Nguluwe, Johane A. "The "puny David" of Shona and Ndebele cultures a force to reckon with in the confrontation of the "Goliath" of violence /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.

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Shonhiwa, Kudakwashe. "Facilitating reconciliation in divided communities in Mashonaland Province, Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1740.

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Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy: Public Management (Peacebuilding), Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2016.<br>Conflicts in Zimbabwe have triggered communities to be divided along political party lines. Violence has been prevalent and this has intensified economic ruin and social polarity. In high density urban areas this violence continues to divide communities. The overall aim of this research study was to facilitate reconciliation in divided communities in Mashonaland province, Zimbabwe with the Alternative for Violence Project (AVP), an international non-profit organisation that provides experiential training to individuals and organisations in nonviolence and pre-emptive conflict resolution. The objectives of the study were to explore the underlying causes of violence in Zimbabwe, its consequences and impact since 2000, and also to explain the concepts of conflict transformation, forgiveness and reconciliation as used by AVP. In addition, the study explored AVP’s outcomes in different contexts and examined its potential as an instrument for reconciliation by implementing several AVP workshops in the divided communities. Hatcliffe, a high density area outside Harare, was used as a sample population for the study which drew from Lederach’s theory of conflict transformation and from Azar‘s model of protracted social conflicts. The researcher used a qualitative approach in the field research and interviewed both the victims and perpetrators of violence as well as elected leaders in the Hatcliffe community. The main findings of the study were that reconciliation efforts are best begun with an orientation towards peace-building for community residents and local ownership of all reconciliation processes. All community members directly or indirectly involved in a conflict situation are critical to reconciliation efforts and third parties must ensure that these people are empowered to make their own decisions. The study concluded that AVP is an effective tool which can be used to change people’s perspectives about conflict and that creating safe spaces where people can articulate their issues in a relaxed atmosphere can be deeply healing. Because the findings are not disconfirmed by prior theories and research based on similar efforts, but rather add to knowledge already gained, one can assume that there also is a degree of external validity to the study.<br>D

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Books on the topic "Reconciliation – Zimbabwe"

1

Scott, Bob. Saving Zimbabwe: Life, death & hope in Africa. Struik Christian Books, 2010.

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Davenport, Tony. Father forgive them--: Zimbabwe 1987 : the story of New Adam's Farm martyrs. Baruk, 1988.

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Towards development of a national framework for national healing, integration, and reconciliation in Zimbabwe: November 2009-April 2010. Church and Civil Society Forum (CCSF), 2013.

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Raftopoulos, Brian. Zimbabwe: Race and nationalism in a post-colonial state. SAPES Books, 1996.

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Raftopoulos, Brian. Zimbabwe: Race and colonialism in a post colonial state. Institute of Development Studies, University of Zimbabwe, 1994.

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National Association of Non-Governmental Organisations (Zimbabwe), ed. Church and civil society submissions: Towards development of a national framework for national healing, integration, and reconciliation in Zimbabwe. National Association of Non-Governmental Organisations, 2010.

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The politics of reconciliation: Zimbabwe's first decade. Hurst, 1990.

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Waal, Victor De. The politics of reconciliation: Zimbabwe's first decade. Africa World Press, 1990.

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Raftopoulos, Brian. Zimbabwe: Injustice and Political Reconciliation. Institute for Justice and Reconciliation, 2005.

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Zimbabwe. Injustice and Political Reconciliation. Weaver Press, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Reconciliation – Zimbabwe"

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Ganiel, Gladys, and Joram Tarusarira. "Reconciliation and Reconstruction among Churches and Faith-Based Organisations in Zimbabwe." In Societies in Transition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666560187.55.

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Chikonzo, Kelvin, and Ruth Makumbirofa. "Rituals (2010) as a counter narrative of healing and reconciliation in Zimbabwe." In The Routledge Companion to Applied Performance. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351120142-40.

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"Internationalism & Reconciliation." In Citizen of Zimbabwe. Weaver Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvk3gms6.8.

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Tsarwe, Stanley, and Wellington Gadzikwa. "Media and healing in Zimbabwe." In National Healing, Integration and Reconciliation in Zimbabwe. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327049-13.

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"Democratisation, Reconciliation and Civil Society." In Reconciliation and Religio-political Non-conformism in Zimbabwe. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315603940-3.

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Chivandikwa, Nehemiah, Kelvin Chikonzo, and Tafadzwa Mlenga. "Theatre, grassroots civility, and healing/reconciliation." In National Healing, Integration and Reconciliation in Zimbabwe. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327049-11.

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Tarusarira, Joram. "Theorising reconciliation and national healing in Zimbabwe." In National Healing, Integration and Reconciliation in Zimbabwe. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327049-7.

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"Religion, Society and Politics in Zimbabwe." In Reconciliation and Religio-political Non-conformism in Zimbabwe. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315603940-1.

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Kaulemu, David. "The social imaginary for healing and reconciliation." In National Healing, Integration and Reconciliation in Zimbabwe. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327049-3.

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Tatira, Liveson. "The Shona proverbs as a resource for reconciliation." In National Healing, Integration and Reconciliation in Zimbabwe. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429327049-9.

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