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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Reconstruction of cities'
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Kelly, Robert J. "APPLYING THE ISRAELI PRACTICE OF RECONSTRUCTION FOLLOWING A TERRORIST ATTACK AS A MODEL FOR CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES." Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/32844.
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CHDS State/LocalA component of the Israeli counter-terrorism policy includes a strategic choreographed response to restore and reconstruct physical damage caused by a terrorist attack with the goal of removing all markings of the attack in an expeditious timeframe. The investment of reconstructing a damaged scene is intended to yield increased resiliency for the impacted population and devalue the fear intended to be delivered with the attack. The critical element of the Israeli model is that the government accepts that attacks will occur and has developed a response for such attacks beyond aiding the injured and processing a crime scene. Application of the Israeli model to the United States merits review, as there is a strong likelihood that future terrorist attacks will occur on domestic soil in the United States and a best practice may be extrapolated from the Israeli model. The intended restoration of normalcy that follows Israels reconstruction efforts is designed to mitigate the psychological impact of a terrorist attack and serve as a palm to the damaged psyche of an impacted population. The State of Israel recognizes that the element of fear is a coconspirator in terror attacks and has developed a response to it. The subject of this thesis will address the specific response of reconstructing a damaged scene following a terrorist attack.
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Trickett, Mark Anthony. "A tale of two cities : diet, health and migration in post-medieval Coventry and Chelsea through biographical reconstruction, osteoarchaeology and isotope biogeochemistry." Thesis, Durham University, 2006. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1330/.
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Biogeochemical research has over the past four-and-a-half decades improved our understanding of human interaction with past environments. The application of different isotope systems has allowed archaeologists to interpret ancient diet, migration and pollution. Although well established in archaeology, biogeochemical interpretations are burdened with questions not only as to the methodology employed but also whether the data presents a consistent picture of past human activity. The use of biographically identifiable individuals offers a means by which the isotope systems may be tested against extent documentary evidence. A sample of forty-five individuals, almost half of which were named individuals, were obtained from the sites of Holy Trinity (Coventry) and St. Luke's (Old Street, Chelsea) and the stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, strontium and lead analysed. The biographies ofthe named individuals were reconstructed through analysis ofextant historical documentation and' used to provide a framework of interpretation for the biogeochemical teclmiques applied. Comparisons are made between the two sites in relation to the biogeochemical techniques employed, biographical reconstruction and osteoarchaeological evidence for disease, migration and diet to address methodological issues and broader questions on 'i,ndustrialisation' during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The osteoarchaeological evidence suggests separation of the two groups into discrete' populations, one that is characterised by occupationally-derived osteoarthropathies (Coventry), and the second, Chelsea, which has an absence of these pathologies. This supports the historical character of the t\VO cities: Coventry as an industrial city in contrast to Chelsea, a 'village of palaces' or pleasure resort. Biogeochemically, carbon and nitrogen isotopes revealed a picture of status-based access to protein resources in a diet that is particularly dominated by freshwater fish, terrestrial omnivores such as pig, or a combination of the two. There is, however, little evidence for a difference in access to such resources between the sexes. Likewise, strontium and oxygen isotopes are capable of differentiating between the two populations and therefore in identifying local and migrant individuals, though limitations in the sample prevent the full utilisation of this data. In one case (Milborough Maxwell) the isotopic techniques \vere able to reveal trans-Atlantic migration between England and the Caribbean. Analysis of lead isotopes of the two populations indicates that while there is little to differentiate the two sites, heavy metal exposure is greater for the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries than for previous periods.
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Flinn, Catherine. "'In spite of planning' : reconstructing Britain's blitzed cities 1945-1954." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2011. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/23fad20a-c774-4f06-ad3f-11acd2c31efa/1.
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This work looks at the effects of contemporary legislation and the work of government ministries and committees on the reconstruction of Britain's built environment after the Second World War. Though there is a wide range of scholarly work in this field generally, very little of it synthesizes more than one discipline to elucidate a broader explanation for what was built in the 1940s and 50s, as well as how and why. The Labour government struggled to manage Britain's hard hit economy in the postwar era, dealing with both the Balance of Payments problem as well as issues in shortages of materials and labour, affecting housing and other building. At the same time the Attlee government set out to fulfil the ambitious social reforms they had promoted in war-time. How they managed - or mismanaged - the physical rebuilding of Britain is a story often told only through the history of planners and planning. The complete story involves the economic situation as well as the government's planning machinery, both economic and physical. This work will also go beyond the national issues to investigate cities and the local authorities who struggled with financial and physical issues of building. The thesis uncovers the work of the Investment Programmes Committee, a Cabinet sub-committee that tremendously impacted blitzed city reconstruction. It also examines the Ministry of Town and Country Planning and the implementation of planning legislation as well as relationships with local authorities. It then studies three cities - Hull, Exeter and Liverpool - for a look into the actual processes of rebuilding and redeveloping after bomb damage. Finally, it investigates the developers and the architecture as well as responses to the reconstruction then and now. It concludes that actors have as much or more impact than policy decisions, nationally and locally, and that the realities of rebuilding were hugely complex, noting that the plans were rarely translated into reality.
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Touchan, Shourouk. "Využití evropských zkušeností při obnově válkou zničených měst v Sýrii – příklad města Aleppo." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233274.
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• Objective of this research study urban planning for the city of Aleppo after internal conflicts and civil war. • We will choose the city of Berlin is an example of the European experience for comparison. As a result of exposure to destruction after World War II, this led to changes in urban planning and social, economic and political. • These changes have attracted specialists for reconstruction and according to modern methods, and turned from the city of devastating to the city of sophisticated and contemporary. • As a result, can benefit from the European experience in this area in the urban planning of the city of Aleppo. With the study of the positive and negative aspects in this experiment.
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Lau, Sing Yeung (Sing Yeung Sunnie). "The death of growing cities?! : reconstructing the post-utopian urbanism in China now!" Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79133.
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Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2013.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-132).
THROUGHOUT HUMAN CIVILIZATIONS; THERE WERE MOMENTS OF COLLECTIVE ATTEMPTS TO REBUILD A UTOPIAN FUTURE TRIGGERED BY POLITICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND/ OR ECONOMIC CRISES. CRISIS SEEMS TO BE A UNIQUE MOMENT TO INITIATE/ GAIN CRITICAL MASS ATTENTION TOWARDS MAKING A NEW PAGE/CHANGE IN HISTORY. IN OTHER WORDS, AS (ARCHITECTS AND URBAN PLANNERS) WE ARE CONSTANTLY RECONSTRUCTING UTOPIAN FUTURES, GREAT MODERNIST VISIONS IN THE 1920S' AND LATER IN 1960S'; THOUGH THEY WERE NOT ABLE TO COPE WITH THE EVOLVING ECONOMIC/ SOCIAL CONSTRUCT OF THE CURRENT SYSTEM--THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF CAPITALISM - THAT WE ARE OPERATING WITHIN SINCE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. THE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN REALITIES AND THE INDIVIDUAL/ COLLECTIVE, PROJECTED FUTURE HAS SEEMED TO FAIL US. UTOPIA- BECOMES DYSTOPIA- OR EVEN SOMETHING UNREACHABLE - A MERE IDEOLOGICAL HOPE OF HUMAN CIVILIZATION--ALMOST LIKE A DOGMATIC RELIGION. PROJECTING INTO THE FUTURE, IN THE YEAR 2050, WHAT IF MOST DEVELOPMENTS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES ARE FACING PROBLEMS OF MAINTAINING OR DEALING WITH OVERSIZED INFRASTRUCTURES? PROBING THE FUTURE IN TODAY'S EYES SUGGEST THAT THE FATE OF "NEW" CITIES HAVE LONG BEEN SCRIPTED AND ARE PRESCRIBED TO DOOM. AND NOW, WE ARE IN A CRITICAL MOMENT OF CRISIS/ OPPORTUNITY IN TURNING OVER TO A PATH TO A NEW ATTAINABLE REALITY IN THE MIST OF UNIMAGINABLE SPEED OF CITY MAKING PROCESS IN CHINA. NEVER BEEN MORE URGENT THAN BEFORE, ECONOMIC GROWTH ACCOMPANIED BY VAST URBANIZATION-THE CITIES AND THEIR QUALITY OF LIFE ARE IN TROUBLE NOW.... HOW SHOULD ARCHITECTS/ URBANISTS REACT IN A SMART WAY THAT COULD DEVISE A REMEDY TO "CORRECT" THE ULTIMATE "SYSTEMATIC FAILURE" IN THE POST-UTOPIAN FUTURE? AND WHAT SHOULD HAVE HAPPENED TO URBANISM--30 YEARS AGO-WILL HAPPEN NOW? THIS THESIS INTENDS TO REVISIT AND UNPACK THE ARCHITECTURAL TYPOLOGY OF HYBRID GROUP-FORM IN HOUSING, QUESTIONS THE PERMANENT/ INFLEXIBLE NATURE OF THE IDEOLOGIES OF THESE TYPOLOGIES. THE THESIS ATTEMPTS AS AN COMPREHENSIVE DOCUMENTATION OF AN ANATOMY OPERATION IN FINDING THE ELEMENTS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO THE PARADOX OF INCAPABILITY IN ADDRESSING THE CYCLE OF LIFE AND DEATH OF CITIES ESPECIALLY AT THOSE MOMENTS OF ARISING COMPLICATION AND MULTIPLICITY OF ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND CULTURAL CRISIS IN THE NEW ERA OF CHINA.
by Sing Yeung (Sunnie) Lau.
M.Arch.
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Remy-Zéphir, Šárka. "Průmyslová a vojenská architektura přístavních měst, komparace rekonverze průmyslového a vojenského dědictví." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233226.
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During World War II, seaports Brest, Lorient and Saint-Nazaire were heavily destroyed because of their strategic location on the Atlantic coastline. Those historical events could be considered as new opportunities for the seaports to realise new thoughts and ambitious architectural projects in order to improve the functionality of the urban organism. In these days, a new occasion has come. Military and industrial areas, which were always thoroughly separated from the town centres, have been now releasing from their original activity. There are huge free building sites in the middle of the cities, waiting for the urban architects.
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Efford, Alison Clark. "New Citizens: German Immigrants, African Americans, and the Reconstruction of Citizenship, 1865-1877." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211889858.
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Schneider, Birgit. "From soldiers to citizens the civil reintegration of demobilized soldiers of the German Wehrmacht and the Imperial Japanese Army after unconditional surrender in 1945 /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/b_schneider_041510.pdf.
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Tagliacozzo, S. "Communication practices and social media usage by government agencies and citizens during post-disaster reconstruction." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1563493/.
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Communication is an essential element in the preparation for, response to and recovery from disasters. Although rapid advancement of new information technologies over the last decade has fuelled academic and practitioners’ interest, there has been little research on disaster communications and the role of social media during the long-term post-disaster reconstruction phase (PDR). The originality of this research rests in the fact that it seeks to build theoretical and empirical knowledge about recovery communication processes by government agencies and citizens, which encompass social media- mediated communications. Building on a naturalistic paradigm and a communication ecology perspective, in-depth analyses were conducted in two post-disaster settings: the earthquakes of 2012 in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, and the Canterbury, New Zealand, earthquake of 2011. Various dimensions were factored into the analysis that encompassed the communication system (i.e. sender and receiver of recovery information, channels, targets and potential noises), the specifics of the reconstruction contexts and the culture in which communication activities took place. A mixture of qualitative and quantitative methodology was applied. Once within-case analysis was completed, the findings from the two studies were compared in order to identify common regularities. The comparison revealed that influential factors of recovery communications and social media uses are related to cultural, contextual, social and individual domains but that some practices can be attributed to the demands and peculiarities of the PDR phase. They can therefore potentially be extended to different reconstruction settings. A set of theoretical propositions was derived from the cross-cases comparison and from the interpretation of empirical evidences in the light of academic literature. At the end of the thesis, propositions are organised within a general theoretical framework that outlines characteristics of the communication processes and social media usage during PDR. This dissertation concludes with two models that serve as a thinking tool to guide government officers and citizens in building effective two-way dialogue after disasters.
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Beall, Jonathan Andrew. ""Won't we never get out of this state?": western soldiers in post-civil war Texas, 1865-1866." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1498.
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After the Civil War, the government needed to send an occupation force into
Texas to help rebuild the state government and confront the French Imperialist forces
that had invaded Mexico. Unfortunately, the government was required to use volunteers
because the Regular Army was not yet prepared to handle such a mission. Using citizen
soldiers for peacetime occupation was a break from past military tradition, and the men
did not appreciate such an act.
Historians of Reconstruction Texas have focused on state politics, the rampant
violence in the state throughout this period, and the role of freedmen in situating
themselves to an uncertain and hostile society. Studies of the military in post-Civil War
Texas have examined the armys role in the states political reconstruction, but largely
ignore the soldiers. Additionally, these works tend to over-generalize the experience and
relations of the troops and Texans.
This thesis looks at Western citizen soldiers, comprising the Fourth and
Thirteenth Army Corps as well as two cavalry divisions, stationed in Texas after the war
from the Rio Grande to San Antonio to Marshall. Beginning with the units receiving
official orders to proceed to Texas after the surrender of the principal Confederate forces
in 1865, it follows the movements from wartime positions in Tennessee and Alabama to
peacetime posts within Texas. The study examines Texan-soldier relations as they
differed from place to place. It also investigates the Westerners peacetime occupation
duties and the conditions endured in Texas. The thesis argues that there was diversity in
both the Western volunteers experiences and relations with occupied Texans, and it was
not as monolithic as past historians have suggested. Specifically, this study endeavors to
supplement the existing historiography of the army in Texas during Reconstruction.
Broadly, this thesis also hopes to be a more general look at the use of citizen soldiers for
postwar occupation duty.
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Flaherty, Elizabeth. "Reconstructing Sexuality and Identity through Dialogue: The Muntada's Actions for Palestinian Arab Citizens of Israel." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1222372264.
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Tassel, Xavier. "La reconstruction de Reims après 1918 : illustration de la naissance d'un urbanisme d'état." Paris 8, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA081176.
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Daly, Guy Bernard Joseph Daly. "The reconstruction of citizenship and public accountability : a study of user and citizen involvement in a local authority's community care provision." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289545.
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Vonau, Elsa. "De la cité-jardins à la ville-satellite : circulation et métamorphoses d'un modèle urbain en France et en Allemagne du début du vingtième siècle aux années 1924." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://books.openedition.org/septentrion/4030.
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La recherche porte sur la réception en France et en Allemagne d’un projet conçu en Angleterre au tournant du XXème siècle, celui des cités-jardins. Elle a pour ambition de comprendre, à travers le prisme des échanges que ce projet a cristallisés, quel est le poids des formes dans l’évolution urbaine, c’est-à-dire aussi bien dans l’élaboration des savoirs sur la ville que dans le développement des techniques d’intervention. En articulant la perspective des transferts à la démarche comparative, elle entreprend de suivre la trajectoire du projet anglais en France et en Allemagne entre le début du XXème siècle et 1924, tout en s’interrogeant sur la nature des contacts, et les éventuelles coïncidences dans les évolutions urbaines, que l’assimilation d’un projet commun a pu susciter entre deux pays où les armatures urbaines, les savoirs urbanistiques et la croissance des villes s’étaient développés selon des voies très différentesThe research deals with the French and German reception of the garden city project which originated in England at the onset of the 20th century. It aims at elucidating the weight of forms in the development of cities – both, in regard to the elaboration of knowledge about the city and the development of urban policies – across the prism of exchanges generated by the project. In linking the perspective of transfers to that the comparison, the thesis follows the English project’s trajectory in France and Germany between the beginning of the 20th century and 1924 : the process of assimiliation of a common project is scrutinized for the nature of contacts as well as for potential coincidences in urban evolutions in the two countries which hitherto had experienced a very unlike development of urban growth, urban tissues and urbanistic knowledge
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Mphahlele, Elias. "“Nothing about us, without us” : an assessment of public participation in the delivery of RDP houses in the Elias Motswaledi Local Municipality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80115.
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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The pivotal role played by public participation in a social context is often undermined by change agents or administrators of government projects. The role of public participation is documented in Chapter 10 of the Constitution (South Africa, 1996). It states that “… people`s needs must be responded to, and the public must be encouraged to participate in policy making”. Besides the Constitution (South Africa, 1996) there are also other legislative frameworks that enshrine the right to public participation. Some of these provisions are included in the White Paper on Local Government (South Africa, 1998c), the White Paper on Transforming Public Service Delivery (South Africa, 1997b), the Integrated Development Plans, and others. It has to be acknowledged that public participation is the fundamental element for the success of development projects geared towards the social upliftment of poor communities. Poor communities, by omission or commission, are often excluded from direct participation in social projects. This study was prompted by the lack of effective public participation in the RDP housing project in the Elias Motswaledi Local Municipality, where the project was used as a case study. Qualitative research methods, well-founded theories and a literature study were used to inform the study. Forty-nine (49) respondents were interviewed. By collecting and interpreting relevant data, the study was able to assess the extent of public participation that had taken place. The study then proceeded to make recommendations as to how the situation could have been handled and to formulate public participation model that would be context relevant to the area. Unfortunately, the Elias Motswaledi Local Municipality housing project is now a thing of the past and cannot be revisited. Fortunately, however, similar projects will be able to learn valuable lessons from this study in the future. Ultimately, the research illustrated that a strategy of comprehensive public participation that includes all project beneficiaries has to be well planned and well managed to promote and ensure the successful implementation of the project.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die rol wat deur publieke deelname gespeel moet word in die administrasie van regeringsprojekte word uit eengesit in Hoofstuk 10 van die Grondwet (Suid Afrika, 1996). Dit stipuleer da tdaar op mense se behoeftes gereageer moet word en dat die publiek aangemoedig moet word om deel te neem aan beleidsformulering. Behalwe die Grondwet (Suid Afrika, 1996) is daar ook ander wetgewende raamwerke wat die reg op publieke deelname bevestig. Sommige van hierdie bepalings is ingesluit in die Witskrif op Plaaslike Regering (Suid Afrika, 1998c), die Witskrif op Transformasie van Openbare Dienslewering (Suid Afrika, 1997b), die Geїntegreerde Ontwikkelings planne, ensovoorts. Dit moet ook erken word dat publieke deelname die basis vorm vir die sukses van ontwikkelings projekte wat gerig is op die sosiale bemagtiging van ons gemeenskappe. Openbare amptenare neem doelbewus nie altyd die belangrikheid van direkte deelname aan sosiale projekte in ag nie. Hierdie studie is juis aangespoor deur die afwesigheid van effektiewe publieke deelname in die HOP behuisings projekte in die Elias Motswaledi Munisipaliteit waar die Monsterlus HOP projek as `n gevalle studie gebruik is. Die studie maak gebruik van ‘n kwalitatiewe metode, gegronde teorie so wel as `n literatuur studie. Onderhoude is onderneem en nege-en-veertig (49) onderhoude is gevoer. Nadat die data versamel en geїnterpreteer is, het die studie die omvang van publieke deelname wat plaasgevind het geassesseer. Aanbevelings is gemaak oor hoe die oewerhede die situasie beter kon hanteer het, en ‘n publieke deelname model is geformuleer wat relevant tot die area is. Die nadeel is dat die Elias Motswaledi behuisings projek afgehandel is en uiteraard nie teruggedraai kan word nie. Die voordeel is egter dat toekomstige projekte deur die studie bevoordeel kan word. Die navorsing wys daarop dat publieke deelname strategieё wat alle rolspelers insluit, deeglik beplan en bestuur moet word, voor die aanvang van die projek sowel as gedurende die projek se implementering.
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Buthelezi, Mbekezeli Simphiwe. "A critical evaluation of local level responses to mine closure in the Northwestern KwaZulu-Natal coal belt region, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005497.
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The de-industrialisation process that was a common feature of North America and Western Europe in the 1970s, through into the 1980s has become an observable feature in African countries and South Africa in particular in the last two decades. Globally, hard hit areas include those associated with the early Industrial Revolution characterised by mass production and the agglomeration of iron and steel, coal and textile industries. General changes in the global market, especially the falling demand for extractive heavy minerals like coal and gold have also affected many countries region and localities. In the case of South Mrica, the previous high economic dependence on mined minerals like coal and gold has resulted in many once prosperous mining regions of the country being reduced to a shadow of their former selves. The worst affected areas in South Africa are those of the Klerksdorp Goldfields in the North West Province and Free State Goldfields, with the latter alone losing 100,000 jobs during the 1990s. This trend has also been acute in the coal-mining industry of the KwaZulu-Natal province since the late 1970s. The firms that had grown in the shadow of the major mining company supplyipg machinery, or who processed the semi-manufactured product are also severely affected by the closing down and restructuring in the mining and iron industries. These industries have often been forced to close down because of a break in the vital connections they developed with these mining industries. Such localised economic crisis has encouraged the universal trend towards the devolution of developmental responsibilities to the local governments and other local stakeholders to - empower them to respond to these changes. This study investigated the local economic initiatives which have been undertaken in the three municipalities of north-western KwaZulu Natal i.e. Utrecht, Dundee and Dannhauser to respond to the closures which have taken place in the mining industry of this region, which used to be among the most prosperous coal mining regions of South Africa. Using their new developmental mandate the local governments, in partnership with the communities and other external interveners have tried to respond to these localised economic crisis and also indirectly to the general poverty and underdevelopment, which characterises this region of KwaZulu-Natal. The effects of apartheid policies, and previous discriminatory rural development policies in, particular, and the Regional Industrial Development policy, which was intensively applied in the 1980s by the pre-1994 government regime, have further compounded the magnitude of the challenge. The lack of capacity in some municipalities has constrained successful implementation of Local Economic Development has led to some communities acting alone to face their situation with or without external intervention.
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Ciappuccini, Renaud. "Apport de l'imagerie fonctionnelle par TEMP/TDM et TEP/TDM dans la prise en charge des cancers différenciés de la thyroïde Incremental Value of a Dedicated Head and Neck Acquisition during 18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Full text links full-text provider logo Actions Favorites Share Page navigation Title & authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement Figures Similar articles Cited by References Related information LinkOut - more resources EJNMMI Res . 2018 Dec 3;8(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s13550-018-0461-x. Optimization of a dedicated protocol using a small-voxel PSF reconstruction for head-and-neck 18 FDG PET/CT imaging in differentiated thyroid cancer 78 Lymph node involvement in head-and-neck and thyroid cancers with digital PET/CT: the impact of ultra-high definition voxels and point-spread function Tumor burden of persistent disease in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: correlation with postoperative risk-stratification and impact on outcome 133 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT is a highly sensitive but poorly specific tool for identifying malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology: The Chocolate study PSMA expression in neovasculature of persistent/recurrent differentiated thyroid cancerin the neck: relationship with radioiodine uptake, 18Fluorodeoxyglucose avidity and outcome." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC424.
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L’imagerie scintigraphique des cancers thyroïdiens différenciés (CTD) présente la particularité d’utiliser deux radiopharmaceutiques, l’iode 131 (131I) et le 18-Fluorodésoxyglucose (18FDG). La fixation de ces traceurs dépend habituellement du degré de différenciation et de l’agressivité de la tumeur. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’apport de différents aspects techniques et d’instrumentation, à savoir l’imagerie hybride par TEMP/TDM et TEP/TDM, la point-spread function (PSF), la taille des voxels et la technologie TEP digitale, et d’explorer si d’autres traceurs TEP pouvaient présenter un intérêt. Le but de la première partie était d’étudier les performances de la TEP/TDM au 18FDG à l’étage cervical pour la détection de la maladie ganglionnaire. Une acquisition TEP/TDM dédiée a amélioré la détection de la maladie tumorale par rapport à l’acquisition classique. L’utilisation de la PSF a permis de détecter des tailles de lésions plus petites et la durée optimale de cette acquisition a été évaluée. Des reconstructions avec des tailles de voxels ultra-fines ont été réalisées sur TEP digitale pour étudier l’impact de la PSF et des voxels ultra-fins sur les données quantitatives. La seconde partie a porté sur l’imagerie 131I-TEMP/TDM et 18FDG-TEP/TDM, afin de quantifier le volume de la maladie persistante. Il a ainsi été montré que la masse tumorale était corrélée au risque post-opératoire et avait un impact sur la réponse au traitement. L’objectif de la troisième partie était d’étudier un autre traceur TEP, la 18-Fluorocholine (FCH), ainsi qu’un marqueur de la néovascularisation, l’antigène membranaire spécifique de la prostate (PSMA). Nos données suggèrent qu’un examen TEP à la FCH négatif au sein d’un nodule thyroïdien à cytologie indéterminée permettrait d’éliminer la malignité, et pourrait éviter des chirurgies inutiles. Par ailleurs, le marquage au PSMA évalué par immunohistochimie dans les néo-vaisseaux est associé à des facteurs de mauvais pronostic. D’autres études sont nécessaires pour confirmer l’intérêt éventuel des examens TEP à la FCH et au 68Ga-PSMA en oncologie thyroïdienneRadioiodine (131I) and 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) are two radiopharmaceuticals used for scintigraphic imaging in differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC). Tumour uptake of each tracer depends on tumour differentiation and aggressiveness. Our goal was to further assess various technical aspects in DTC imaging workup, such as SPECT/CT and PET/CT, point-spread function (PSF), voxel size, digital PET, and to explore further other PET tracers. The aim of the first part was to assess the performance of 18FDG PET/CT for the detection of neck lymph node involvement. A dedicated PET/CT acquisition improved tumour detection compared to the whole-body acquisition. PSF reconstruction allowed detection of smaller cancer deposits and the optimal acquisition duration time was assessed. Using digital PET acquisitions, ultra-thin voxels reconstructions were performed. The impact of ultra-thin voxels and PSF on quantitative values was evaluated. The second part focused on 131I-SPECT/CT and 18FDG-PET/CT imaging, in an attempt to assess tumour burden of persistent disease. Tumor burden was correlated with the postoperative risk and affected the response to therapy. In the third part, another PET tracer, i.e. 18-Fluorocholine (FCH), and a marker of neovasculature, i.e. prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), were studied. FCH PET/CT offered high negative predictive value to reliably exclude cancer in PET-negative nodules with indeterminate cytology and might prevent unnecessary surgeries. Also, PSMA expression assessed with immunohistochemistry was associated with poor prognosis factors. Further studies are needed to confirm new insights of FCH PET and 68Ga-PSMA PET in DTC
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Patel, Zarina. "The planning of Cato Manor : lessons for the sustainable reconstruction of South African cities." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/7359.
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This thesis provides an overview of the history of urbanisation in South Africa) showing
how the resultant fragmented) sprawling spatial form serves to degrade the environment as
well as aggravate the plight of the poor. It is argued that science has played a significant
role in affecting the way in which planning interacts with the environment. Science has
allowed for the domination over) and the manipulation of the natural environment. The
popularity of positivism has served to entrench a dualism between the natural world and
people - resulting in both entities being planned for separately. This control over the '
natural environment is most apparent in cities. In an attempt to alleviate the marginalisation
and domination of the natural environment) a number of radical approaches towards the
environment have gained popularity internationally) including ecofeminism and
ecosocialism. It is argued however) that these radical approaches are inappropriate within
a South African context) as they serve to politicise the environment) and are in fact
inherently reductionistic and dualistic.
This thesis suggests that sustainable development is an appropriate paradigm to bridge this
duality) as it addresses the long term needs of people and the natural environment. A
sustainable development approach for cities takes its lead from Local Agenda 21) which
encourages cities throughout the world to develop strategies to ensure an improved quality
of life for all their inhabitants) without depleting the natural resource base upon which city
functioning depends.
South Africa is currently undergoing a period of dramatic political and social change.
Associated with this transition) new ways of reconstructing cities to increase the quality of
life of all South Africans) especially the poor and marginalised are envisaged. This would
necessarily include increasing the efficiency of the present urban form. The redevelopment
of Cato Manor is used as a case study) illustrating its potential to contribute
towards a model for sustainable urban development. This is done through a critique of the
planning process as it is unfolding presently. The period of transition provides scope for
the introduction of a sustainable development model within planning for low income
communities in the Cato Manor project. However) the development has been plagued with
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a number of challenges including institutional, legal, financial, environmental, capacity and
public awareness. These challenges have thus far hindered the successful introduction of
a sustainable development model, as the development does not appear to meet a primary
objective of sustainable development - alleviating poverty and increasing the quality of life
of all people, without imposing unsustainable demands on the natural environment.Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, 1995.
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Wang, Yu-chih, and 王昱智. "Reconstruction of Spatial Garbage Can Model by Agent-based Modeling: Self-organization and Cities." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84550584322880167594.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
都市計劃學系碩博士班
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Since the rise of Complex Science has emerged the new paradigm of urban evolution. Compared with the traditional mathematical model, exploring the urban development with complexity theory can help us to understand more fully how cities work, such as the handling of different types of agents and the characteristics of limited rationality. In recent research Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) has been attended to gradually in social sciences. ABM is similar to Cellular Automata (CA), but it is more effective in modeling the real world of urban development. Nevertheless, ABM has been limited in that little research mentions intangible entities. Spatial Garbage Can Model (SGCM) is a conceptual model to explore urban development. This research intends to reconstruct Spatial Garbage Can Model through Agent-based Modeling , and incorporate adaptability and irreversibility, by viewing SGCM as an artificial society and testing this system in terms of self-organization, as well as finding out institutional and spatial emergence which influence urban development processes. The results showed that the system did not self-organize, that institutional structures were more efficient in problem-solving than spatial structures, and that the characteristics of elf-organization of spatial structures were more significant than institutional structures. In addition, the interactions between spatial and institutional structures were significant. The implication is that we should focus on making plans for urban development, rather than solely on spatial structures as traditionally practiced.
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Lee, Chia-Lun, and 李佳倫. "A Research on Soundscape along MRT Lines in Two Cities: Field Investigation and Sound Stage Listening Reconstruction." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8e9bfw.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
工學院聲音與音樂創意科技碩士學位學程
103
This study chooses soundscape along the MRT line in Taipei and Kaohsiung City in Taiwan as the objects for the field investigation. Due to the fact that there are fewer working lines operating in Kaohsiung MRT than in Taipei MRT, this study selected a number soundscapes with characteristic sound source in total soundscape database. The number of select characteristic soundscape is based on the soundscape data in Kaohsiung. Out of thirty-seven (37) MRT stations in Kaohsiung City, only twenty-five(25) soundscape with specific keynote characteristic sound source was selected. The same number was also selected from Taipei City. Soundscape is a sound event occurs in space. But when we play back the soundscape record, it shows a plane image of sound in front of two speakers. For this reason, the research uses Adobe Audition and AudioMulch software to reconstruct sound stage of soundscapes which is selected by characteristic sounds source. In all, there are fifty (50) soundscape data to be reconstructed in this study. The simulation sound stage conveys an illusion "I'm there". And this study included the questionnaire survey, the result matches the implement predictive inference. In a broad way, the research compares two cities soundscape in macroscopic keynote sound. The result shows they are different in traffic soundscape and water soundscape. Because Kaohsiung is a city with a harbor, therefore, the researcher can record some soundscape with sea and boats. The main purpose of this study want to provide soundscapes with realistic listening perception by field investigation and reconstructing simulation sound stage along two cities MRT.
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Nejad, Sara Khakbaz. "Dancing to the Desert: A Proposal for Self-Help Reconstruction of Post-Earthquake Cities in Hot-Arid Climates." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6504.
Full textAbstract:
Natural hazards kill 82,500 people globally in a typical year, with earthquakes as the largest cause of death amongst all natural hazards in Central and Southern America, East Asia, Europe, and the Near East. Damages are highest in middle-income countries due to lack of resources for hazard prevention and mitigation. Dancing to the Desert concentrates on Bam, Iran, as a typical post earthquake city, searching for architecture appropriate for post-disaster cities of hot-arid climates. Dancing to the Desert is a discourse on current seismic, urban, and architectural design conditions in hot-arid climates of the globe, and searches for an appropriate architecture for post-disaster cities in developing regions of the desert climate.
Chapter One includes analysis on global seismic hazard conditions, focusing on the hot-arid climates in the world and concentrating on the city of Bam, Iran.
Chapter Two includes a detailed analysis of the traditional as well as contemporary architecture of Bam, searching for appropriate architectural elements to use in the proposed architecture.
Chapter Three proposes a Pilot Project for an orphanage in Bam, based on the architectural elements and strategies discussed in Chapter Two. Through scientific research, case studies, a site visit to Bam, and discussions with local residents, this thesis finds an appropriate proposal adaptable to all post-disaster cities of the hot-arid climate. It also suggests various strategies for disaster prevention and mitigation through public education. These strategies educate the public in employing cultural and environmental friendly resilient architecture, which will subsequently reduce damage and fatalities on brisk of disaster. It also familiarizes the public with the proposed disaster prevention and mitigation strategies and facilitates the adoption of the proposed design in future post-disaster conditions.
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Alhayek, Husam. "Touristic rehabilitation of archaeological sites in Syria - The Aga Khan Foundation experience between the past and the future." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/82048.
Full textAbstract:
Relatório de Estágio do Mestrado em Arqueologia e Território apresentado à Faculdade de LetrasA reabilitação turística de sítios arqueológicos é um processo muito importante, e as aplicações práticas de tais processos são amplamente comuns. No entanto, os estudos teóricos neste campo, particularmente em contexto pós-conflito, continuam a ser raros.Esta investigação tem como objetivo discutir os parâmetros teóricos do processo de reabilitação turística de sítios arqueológicos, assim como a sua importância excepcional na proteção de sítios arqueológicos, suportando a economia dos países e aumentando o padrão de vida dos seus habitantes; para além de desenvolver padrões básicos que determinam o sucesso da sua implementação. Experiências prévias em termos de reabilitação turística de sítios arqueológicos pré-conflito na Síria, em particular a experiência da Fundação Acha Khan, nas três cidadelas islâmicas (Aleppo - Masyaf- Salah Eddin) aqui estudadas, juntamente com as principais vantagens desvantagens. Finalmente, estas experiências foram avaliadas com base em padrões de sucesso de gestão e reabilitação turística, dando aso à produção de um número de recomendações adequadas. O objetivo destas recomendações é criar um modelo que facilite o sucesso da implementação de qualquer reabilitação turística de sítios arqueológicas pós-guerra no futuro. Uma das conclusões centrais desta investigação foi a necessidade de foco na dimensão humana da reabilitação turística como prioridade, particularmente no período pós-guerra, e quais as melhores maneiras de conseguir atingir esse objetivo.
Touristic rehabilitation of archaeological sites is a very important process and the practical applications of such process are widely common. However, theoretical studies in this field, particularly in the context of post-conflict, are still quite rareThis research aims to discuss the theoretical frameworks for the process of touristic rehabilitation of archaeological sites, its exceptional importance in protecting archaeological sites, supporting the economy of countries, and raising the standard of living of their inhabitants, in addition to developing basic standards that determine the success of its implementation. Previous experiences in touristic rehabilitation of archaeological sites in pre-conflict Syria, particularly the Agha Khan Foundation experience, in three Islamic citadels(Aleppo - Masyaf- Salah Eddin), were studied, along with their most prominent pros and cons.Finally, these experiences were evaluated based on the standards of success of the management and touristic rehabilitation process, and a number of recommendations were accordingly produced.The aim of these recommendations was to create a model that facilitates the implementation success of any post-conflict touristic rehabilitation of archaeological sites in the future, in Syria, or anywhere else. One of the central conclusions of this research was the great need to focus on the human dimension of the touristic rehabilitation process as a priority, particularly in the post-war period, and ways of achieving that.
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Smith, Nathan. "Comrades and Citizens: Great War Veterans in Toronto, 1915-1919." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/65491.
Full textAbstract:
This is a history of returned soldiers of the Great War in Toronto covering the period from when they began returning home in 1915 through to the end of demobilization in late 1919. Based largely in newspaper research, the focus is the discourse of returned men, as they were frequently called, and the role they played in Toronto and in Canada more broadly. The dissertation examines veterans' attitudes, the opinions they expressed, the goals they collectively pursued, the actions they took and their significance as actors and symbols in the public sphere. The study shows that during and immediately after the war returned soldiers played a prominent role in public debate over conscription and wartime politics, the status of non-British immigrants in Canada, the Red Scare and re-establishment policy. In exploring these topics the study elaborates on the identities veterans collectively adopted and constructed for themselves as comrades and citizens.
Class, definitions of masculinity, British-Canadian ethno-nationality and experience as soldiers all affected formulations of veteran citizenship and comradeship. Returned soldiers' representations of their citizenship resonated powerfully in Canadian society. The experiences and symbolism of returned soldiers generated interest in civilian society that granted them easy access to the public sphere and encouraged pro-war politicians to use returnees to promote the war effort. Veterans took advantage of their access to the press and public stages to broadcast their own views and claim that their service gave them special rights to intervene in public affairs.
Comradeship was vitally important to returned soldiers and set them apart from civilians, but it was neither a simple nor stable category. Veterans' debates and the history of veterans' associations testify to the fact that collective service in the war did not erase civilian identities and create a stable platform for united collective activism after the war. Furthermore, comradeship sometimes existed uneasily with the rights and responsibilities of citizenship. Parliamentary methods were fundamental to veterans' activism, but their politics were also performative, often pursued and proclaimed at street level, and a minority of veterans threatened and engaged in violence they claimed was justified.
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李家儀. "In the Name of Culture/History: An Analysis on the Reconstruction of Hsin Chu City's Public Space Since the Later Period of the 1990's." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17809665863749691932.
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Chazal, Elisa. "Rekonstrukce modelů starých měst: forma prezentace historie jako zábavy na velkých výstavách v Evropě (1890 - 1900)." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-438185.
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Keywords: Historical reconstitution ̶ Entertainment ̶ Attraction ̶ World Exhibitions ̶ Prague ̶ Budapest ̶ Paris Abstract: The circulation of a historical entertainment - the reconstructions of the 'Old cities' - during the world Exhibitions at the end of the 19th century constitutes the heart of this project. Combining imperial, national and local scales, these 'Old cities' exploit several dynamics. First, these historic entertainments resulted from the restructuring of the Western and Central European empires. Indeed, the permanent injunction of national questions - here Czech and Hungarian - into the Austro-Hungarian empire and the expansion with a universalist aim of the French empire interfered within the construction of the 'Old cities' and their educational vocations. However, these imperial and global dimensions came into reaction with national and local scales due to the promotion of local products - architectural, commercial - serving the cause of the host nation. Thus, the various adaptations of 'Old city' recorded the materialization of collective memories fabricated to correspond to the challenges of the re-composition of empires and national agendas. These time capsules, fixing the past of the host city for one or several centuries, were like commercial attractions with educational purposes....
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Morgan, Kim (M A. ). "A framework for community participation in the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development programmes at the local level." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/640.
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Sekgota, Mmabatho Raesetja Catherine. "Capacity building for general assistants." Diss., 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17707.
Full textAbstract:
A study was conducted to explore the impact on change which a process of participatory research has on capacity building for the general assistants within the Northern Province in terms of the mission statement of the Office on the Status of Women between July 1997 and September 1998. The mission of the office is as
follows: " ... to establish mechanisms and procedures that will move the province towards gender equality, thereby empowering women to have equal access to opportunities and resources which will enhance their quality of life". The target group for Office on the Status of Women is women within the government service irrespective of race and socio-political status. These general assistants were said to be the "left behind" group when issues affecting women like National and International Women's Days are celebrated. Themes of concern were identified and addressed.Social Work
M.A. (Social Science (Mental Health))
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Mavalela, Hildah Ramadimetja. "Phela o phedise : a case study of an income-generating project in Moganyaka community." Diss., 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18179.
Full textAbstract:
Participatory development is believed to be an essential ingredient of the development
process because it enables the people to influence the policy and decision-making process. It
facilitates the designing of and enhances the implementation of plans and programmes or projects
and that participation results in the development of ownership and belonging among the people
themselves. This feeling in turn goes a long way to ensure the success of a programme or project.
This study highlights some of the elements that led to the successful implementation of an
income-generating project with women. The study also demonstrates that the people's own ideas are
able to command adequate levels of participation, support and commitment to enhance their ability
to meet their needs. The study further looks at the ownership of the project as very important for
successful implementation and that projects or programmes should be facilitated within the means
of the local participants to manage and control them.
The elements mentioned in this study are an essential part of participatory development and enable
the people to learn to take charge of their lives and solve their own problems.
The study further looks at cultural and traditional values as an essential part of human growth,
because local action taken by the women is very important in promoting overall success of the
project.Social work
M.A. (SS) (Mental Health)