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Armbruster, Lars Christof. "Explaining 1989? : a reconstruction of historical research programmes on Soviet world power status, Socialist states and their welfare regimes, nation building in the Soviet Russian imperial union, Soviet imperial relations of domination, and Communist ideology and party organisation, and a comparative appraisal of their explanatory reliability and reach." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289033.
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Smart, Kirsten. "National consciousness in Postcolonial Nigerian children's literature." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22880.
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This project highlights the role of locally produced children's written literature for ages six to fourteen in postcolonial Nigeria as a catalyst for national transformation in the wake of colonial rule. My objective is to reveal the perceived possibilities and pitfalls contained in Nigerian children's literature (specifically books published between 1960 and 1990), for the promotion of a new national consciousness through the reintegration of traditional values into a contemporary context. To do this, I draw together children's literature written by Chinua Achebe, Cyprian Ekwensi and Mabel Segun in order to illustrate the emphasis Nigerian children's book authors writing within the postcolonial moment placed on the concepts of nation and national identity in the aim to 'refashion' the nation. Following from this, I examine the role of the child reader in relation to the adult authors' intentions and pose the question of what the role of the female is in the authors' imagining of a 'new nation'. The study concludes by reflecting on the persistent under-scrutiny of children's literature in Africa by academics and critics, a preconception that still exists today. I move to suggest further research on the genre not only to stimulate an increased production of children's literature more conscious in content and aware of the needs of its young, (male and female) African readership, but also to incite a change in attitude toward the genre as one that is as deserving of interest as its adult counterpart.
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Stonard, John-Paul. "Art and national reconstruction in Germany." Thesis, Courtauld Institute of Art (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412753.
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Donskikh, O. A. (Oleg Alʹbertovich). "Russian philosophy as an expression of Russian national consciousness." Monash University, School of Philosophy, Linguistics and Bioethics, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9108.
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Richard, Alfred Charles. "The Panama Canal in American national consciousness, 1870-1990 /." New York : Garland, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35697133w.
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Karrar, Hasan Haider. "National consciousness and the Communist Revolution in China, 1921-1928." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ43891.pdf.
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Wakely, Maria Eve. "The historical consciousness of Ulysses : James Joyce's gendered, national aesthetics." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/97368.
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Schofield, Clemency Mary Lovedere. ""For those who have no doorway" : Palestinian literature and national consciousness." Thesis, University of Kent, 2006. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497687.
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This thesis examines the part played by Palestinian literature in the formation of national consciousness. The importance of literature to national and anti-colonial struggles has long been recognised, but in the Palestinian situation it has taken on additional significance. Firstly, in the absence of territory it sought to unite a geographically dispersed people, many of whom had suffered severe trauma on being ejected from their homes and lands. A national imagining was vital to overcome feelings of alienation, both from the land and from other sectors of the population, and to create the idea of a national homeland, based on claims to spatial and historical belonging. Secondly, it had to counter a powerful ideology: that of the Zionist claim to the same land. The land is not just a geographical space; it is invested with memories and narratives, and it comes to embody what it means to be Palestinian. Thus the struggle is not only over the land but also over the meaning of the land. However, when a nationalist struggle is predicated largely on tropes of possession of a feminised land, a specifically gendered conception of national agency emerges, one that envisages the masculine as active and the feminine as passive. This thesis therefore investigates the implications of such an imagining. The question of how women themselves relate to the gendered discourse of nationalism - both how they attempt to insert themselves as national agents and how they contest masculinist tropes - is also considered. Additionally, Palestinian women frequently have to cross the psychologically-imposed threshold between the private and public realms, a division that is reinforced not only by patriarchy but also by fundamentalist visions of nation. In this respect, the significance of literature as an imaginary realm in which dominant paradigms can be questioned and reconfigured must not be underestimated. Finally, this thesis examines how writing helps overcome the sense of alienation associated with exile. A powerful dialectic is at work in exilic consciousness: the here-and-now of the hostile present is countered by the there-and-then of a sustaining past, but it is out of this dialectic that possibilities for the future emerge. I look at the way in which the playful appropriation of exile as the motif of our post-modern consciousness is challenged by much Palestinian exilic writing. Some writers find consolations in the condition of exile, while others reconfigure the meanings of return and journeying. The complexity and multivalent nature of Palestinian writing create a heterogeneous conception of nation that becomes the ideal of an inclusive national consciousness.
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Anttalainen, K. (Kati). "Decolonising the mind?:national identity and historical consciousness in Cameroonian history textbooks." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201306051458.
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The thesis focuses on history textbooks in the contemporary Anglophone Cameroon and aims at studying what kind of history consciousness and national identity is promoted in the textbooks. History is essential for the forming of national identity. School textbooks reveal officially recognised historical truths in a country, and therefore provide a fruitful source for studies on historical consciousness and national identity. Eurocentrism and western traditions of historiography are essential to take into account in the African context. Also in Cameroon, the schooling was originally established by colonial regimes and aimed at colonizing the mind of the natives. Colonial heritage has shaped the history writing in the African context until the present day and has its effects also on the analysed Cameroonian textbooks.
The production of a nationally distinguished publishing house Anucam Educational Books (ANUCAM) was chosen, because of the vast potential that lays in the national publishing industry in African countries, including in Cameroon. The levels of education covered primary (classes 4–6) and lower secondary education (forms 1–5) where the enrolment rates are higher than in the upper secondary education. The historical consciousness is likely to have a more significant basis in these levels of education.
Both quantitative (space analysis) and qualitative content analysis (imagology) were used in analyzing the textbooks. I first sketched quantitative tables on the geographical division of the textbook contents into world history, regional history (history of Africa and Europe) and the national history (history of Cameroon). The majority of contents discusses national history (32 %) and the history of Africa (32 %). With a share of 15 %, the history of Europe has a significant role in the textbooks. As regards the timely periods, the contemporary history is almost totally absent. For example, the past 30 years of the history of Cameroon, hence the period under the rule of president Paul Biya, is covered with only 5 %.
In the qualitative analysis it will be examined, how the “self” and the “nation” are perceived in the textbooks In examining the image provided of the “self”, the narratives examined are: the origins of Cameroon and the Cameroonians, the “exterior self” and the relation of the “self” with the Western civilisation. The entire formation of Cameroon is seen as a European creation, terminology stemming from the colonial interpretations, is used in descriptions on the Cameroonians and the image of the Western civilisation is loaded with positive connotations of development.
In examining the image of the “nation”, the narratives were linked with the state-produced discourse of “national unity”. The process of becoming independent was examined as well as images of leading historical figures and the presidents of Cameroon. Achieving independence appears as a destined historical thread in the textbooks. Leading historical figures are represented necessary for the national unity, which again is seen central for the prosperity of civilisations. Mostly without any criticism or analytical reflection, the presidents are presented as creators of this national unity in Cameroon.
Taking into account the central role of history in the forming of national identity, it seems surprising that textbook content analyses in the African context are largely absent. When aiming at improving the quality of education, it is not enough to focus on increasing the access to textbooks. As the international discourse on educational development goals Post-2015 is increasingly tuned to learning, more attention should be paid also to the quality of learning materials. Textbook content analysis can support national efforts of improving the quality of learning materials — an objective explicitly expressed also by the government of Cameroon in its educational policy lines.
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Peterson, Derek Edward. "When a Pound Weighed a Ton: The Cotton Scandal and Uzbek National Consciousness." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366199014.
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Frame, William Robert Gordon. "The Conservative Party and domestic reconstruction 1931-1935." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298274.
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Naidoo, Kumaran. "Class, consciousness and organisation : Indian political resistance in Durban, South Africa, 1979-1996." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310296.
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Bhebhe, Philip. "The role of education in national reconstruction and reconciliation in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3901.
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This study is a contribution to the growing literature on the subject of the role of education in national reconstruction and reconciliation in countries that have experienced conflict and severe dislocation. It takes as its focus the case of Zimbabwe during the period 1980-2010 but related to experiences of conflict in countries such as Angola, Liberia, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, Somalia, the Sudan and Rwanda in Africa and, elsewhere, in Bosnia, Iraq, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon and Northern Ireland.
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St, George Robert Scott. "Three-ring reconstruction of summer temperatures in Banff and Jasper National Parks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0006/MQ32511.pdf.
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Solomons, Demaine Jason. "Liberation or Reconstruction : A critical survey on the relevance of Black theology in light of the emergence of Reconstruction theology." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9485_1318849530.
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The purpose of this investigation is to discuss the relevance of Black theology in light of the emergence of reconstruction theology. It offers a critical survey of a range of contributions on this issue, questioning whether scholars who have used Black theology as a form of self description should shift emphasis, from the paradigm of liberation to reconstruction. The significance of this study has to be understood within the context of the proposal to redirect African theological initiatives from liberation theologies to reconstruction theology. The basis for this call was the end of apartheid in South Africa, which signalled the independence of all countries on the African continent.
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Siopsi, Anastasia. "Richard Wagner's #Der Ring des Nibelungen' : the reforging of the sword or, towards a reconstruction of the people's consciousness." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309943.
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De, TorrenteÌ Nicolas. "Post conflict reconstruction and the international community in Uganda, 1986-2000 : an African success story?" Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250724.
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Post-conflict reconstruction refers to the complex process whereby societies strive to overcome internal armed conflict and (re-)establish peaceful and stable political arrangements. The central question addressed in this thesis is whether Uganda's transformation under Y. Museveni's National Resistance Movement (NRM) between 1986 and 2000 is a successful case of post-conflict reconstruction, as is widely held. As a corollary, it asks how the interaction between the NRM and the international community has affected this process. The thesis argues that, in spite of the NRM's remarkable achievements, Uganda's reconstruction is deeply flawed. Most importantly, a legitimate framework for the allocation, exercise and reproduction of political power has not been established. The reconstruction strategy, shaped by the NRM's character as a politicised guerrilla group and dominated by the imperative of regime survival, was inherently twin-faced. It restored political authority and security to most areas of the country, enabling, amongst other achievements, economic recovery. However, it also unleashed military interventionism, led to political closure, and created a fragile and politicised economic order. As such, the NRM's actions attracted increasing opposition, expressed through political and military means. The ancillary argument is that, notwithstanding the pre-eminence of domestic factors, Uganda's transformation has been highly dependent on the support of an interested international community. The NRM was willing and able to adapt to donors' priority concerns, in particular to introduce liberal economic reform, and strategically used donor support to build its power. For their part, donors found the NRM's authority and commitment to structural adjustment quite irresistible. Agendas thus converged, generating mutual dependence. As a result, donors overlooked how their support was diverted, and how the NRM's security policies and political reforms diverged from stated principles. The donors' approach promoted the consolidation of the NRM's power, yet at the expense of the legitimacy of Uganda's reconstruction.
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John, Richard Thomas. "Fictive ancient history and national consciousness in early modern Europe : the influence of Annius of Viterbo's 'Antiquitates'." Thesis, University of London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343420.
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Baku, D. K. "An intellectual in nationalist politics : The contribution of Kobina Sekyi to the evolution of Ghanaian national consciousness." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377063.
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Marsh, Clayton E. "Germany and Russia: A Tale of Two Identities: The Development of National Consciousness in the Napoleonic Era." Wittenberg University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wuhonors161762574001347.
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McDonnell, Alex James. "Remembering to forget : Native American presences and the U.S. national consciousness in nineteenth-century Euro-American fiction." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11849/.
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This thesis interrogates the part played by the figure of ‘the Indian’ in the formation of the U.S. national consciousness as reflected in the nineteenth-century fictional works of James Fenimore Cooper, Robert Montgomery Bird, Lydia Maria Child, Helen Hunt Jackson and Herman Melville. I propose that new understandings can be reached concerning Indian representations and national identity in the selected texts via an approach that combines postcolonial and psychoanalytic theories, in particular as detailed by Ranjana Khanna in Dark Continents (2003). I explore how the national ideals articulated by Cooper, Bird, Child and Jackson are predicated on repression identifiable in historical revisionism, disavowal, ideological rhetoric, generic conventions and so forth, which reflects a melancholic nationalism more generally concerning the colonial subjugation of Native Americans. I demonstrate that where the national origins mythology of The Last of the Mohicans is ‘haunted’ by inassimilable historical memories associated with frontier conquest and displacement, the Indian-hating premise of Bird’s Nick of the Woods is yet more melancholic in being overwhelmed by the genocide it seeks to justify. In contrast, Ramona and Hobomok effectuate their own forms of epistemic violence in assimilating the Indian into the national body. However these novels also allow for the principle of an autonomous Indian perspective, which jeopardises the idea of state legitimacy that is crucial for their national ideals. In Melville’s The Confidence-Man a historically recuperative national vision is absent and this allows indirect recognition of the Indian ‘phantoms’ of the nation’s past. These works encompass psychological, ideological and cultural patterns of negotiation with a Native American presence that reflect different facets of the nineteenth-century American psyche and its evolution. My readings of these patterns provide a new perspective on how the nineteenth-century American national consciousness is unable to reconcile its history of imperialist, frontier expansion to its ‘ego-ideal’ as a democratic institution distinguished from its European predecessors.
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Ayad, Raed. "The reconstruction of the Palestinian national identity post-Nakba : conceptualising the impact of Fatah's rise through Western national theory, 1948-1982." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2017. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/67776/.
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Regional intricacies and rivalries have produced complex social conditions throughout the Middle East. Yet, the study of nationalism and identity has regularly been viewed through a uniform, often Eurocentric lens, which is not wholly applicable to the Palestinian identity. This thesis will explore the Palestinian identity through Western theory, providing a unique look into the reconstruction of said identity post-Nakba. In a geopolitical system, where rights and responsibilities fall within the parameters of sovereign nation states, understanding a stateless nation, namely the Palestinians, through existing approaches can prove to be limiting. Therefore, the author of this thesis will initially attempt to define how the Palestinian identity may fit into modern theory, providing a critical analysis of the manner in which nations are defined. Hence, the approach of this research entails dividing the Palestinian narrative into three nuanced stages post-Nakba; the refugee, the revolutionary and the statesman. Each stage was studied separately, exploring the impact of identity and nationalism theory as the Palestinian narrative developed. Researching the development of the identity, as it evolved through these stages, allows one to understand the base of the Palestinian identity as it’s accepted today. During the initial refugee period the Palestinians were required to look inwards. The construction of identity is a collective formation of those who feel a sense of belonging to one another, and in this case through being excluded from another group. Once this was realised, the Palestinians entered the revolutionary period, during which, Pan-Arab fervour began its decline. Recognising the opportunity at hand, Fatah took control of the PLO and began to separate themselves politically from the Arabs. Throughout the era of the statesman the PLO gained recognition as the sole representative of the Palestinians-by both the Arabs and the United Nations, initiating the PLO’s journey towards recognition by developing a national authority.
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Lourdusamy, John. "Science and national consciousness : a study of the response to modern science in colonial Bengal, c. 1870-1930." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312948.
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Ryerson, Daniel Eric. "Tree-ring reconstruction of western spruce budworm outbreaks in the Rio Grande National Forest, Colorado." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278715.
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Tree-ring records were used to reconstruct the spatial and temporal patterns of western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman) outbreaks in the Rio Grande National Forest (RGNF) of southern Colorado. Reconstructions at 11 host stands showed a synchronous pattern of outbreaks with a peak in the number of trees recording outbreaks over the entire RGNF on average every 24 years. These synchronous periods of outbreaks coincided with periods of increased moisture as indicated by an independently reconstructed summer Palmer Drought Severity Index, while relatively few trees recorded outbreaks during dry periods. The reconstruction on the RGNF does not support the hypothesis that human land use has significantly altered outbreak patterns. Tree response to outbreaks in the RGNF was different from prior studies as reductions in growth were typically detectable only when growth was compared to that of nonhost tree species.
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Anderson, Stephanie Blair. "The stories nations tell : historical consciousness and the construction of national identity at the Canadian Museum for Human Rights." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/60939.
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As Canada prepares for its 150th birthday, within the context of its colonial legacy, silenced histories, and multiple, shifting identities in the present, Canadian sites of pedagogy are confronting questions around whose national narratives they are communicating. Within this milieu, Canada recently (2014) inaugurated its sixth national museum, the Canadian Museum for Human Rights (CMHR), in Winnipeg, Manitoba.
Using a theoretical frame that applied approaches within critical museology and historical consciousness, this investigation interrogated the CMHR as a site of pedagogy that could be read for its representational and spatial meanings, and as a site of historical consciousness that communicates a past, present, and future vision of Canada.
This research also introduced and utilized a Framework of Canadian National Narratives capturing current constructions of Canadian national identity. This framework identified two master national narrative templates—Master National Narrative Template 1.0 (the progressive, unified, Euro-Western colony-to-nation narrative of Canada), Master National Narrative Template 2.0 (Canada as a progress-oriented, generous, tolerant, multicultural mosaic)—and a third dimension titled Counter National Narratives 3.0, that is not a narrative template. Rather, NN 3.0 captures competing, or silenced aspects of Canadian history through national narratives that contest, rebuke or, intervene in the storylines of Master National Narrative Templates 1.0 and 2.0, thereby providing a more nuanced account and multiple perspectives on Canadian identity. In other instances, NN 3.0 throws into question taken-for-granted notions around the concepts of nationhood and national identity, through narratives grounded in land, place, or global forces.
This study offers a new research approach for the identification, and analysis of national narratives in sites of pedagogy—classrooms, textbooks, monuments, national historic sites, museums, news media, architectural spaces, arbitrated cityscapes, Indigenous landscape features, and public performances. It suggests a new curricular imperative coined The Narrative Dimension for history education that might also be used in museology and public history. Part of The Narrative Dimension includes critical engagement with a country’s master national narrative templates and those that problematize them. This investigation further concludes that museum attempts to use this aspect of The Narrative Dimension offer an innovative way to curate difficult knowledge.Education, Faculty of
Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of
Graduate
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Timilsina, Anga. "Getting the policies right the prioritization and sequencing of policies in post-conflict countries /." Santa Monica, CA : RAND, 2007. http://www.rand.org/pubs/rgs_dissertations/RGSD222/.
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Kelly, Kyleen E. "Paleoecological reconstruction of a modern whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) population in Grand Teton National Park, WY." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17718.
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Master of ArtsDepartment of Geography
Kendra K. McLauchlan
Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a critically threatened North American conifer. In modern times, it has experienced a significant decline in population due to pine beetle infestations, blister rust infections, fire suppression, and climate change. While climate, fire, and vegetation are strongly linked on regional and global scales, the relative roles of these three factors are not well-documented during the Holocene in high elevation mountain sites of North America. Recent anthropogenic changes in climate and fire management practices are underway, but the potential responses of subalpine vegetation to these environmental changes remain relatively unknown. Here, I documented the paleoecology of a watershed surrounding an unnamed, high-altitude pond containing a large number of whitebark pine trees located at 2805m elevation in Grand Teton National Park, U.S.A. Using a 1.5 meter lacustrine sediment core collected in 2010, I generated a Holocene-scale fire and vegetation record using fossil pollen, charcoal, and macrofossils preserved within the core. I also conducted a dendrochronological study of the current stand of whitebark pine in the watershed to determine both approximate dates of establishment and responses to past climate change of this modern stand. Sedimentary charcoal data indicate significant variability in both fire frequency and fire intensity during the Holocene. The fire regime observed in the past 1000 years is seemingly unprecedented at this site, with lower fire frequency and higher fire intensity than any other time during the Holocene. Sedimentary pollen data suggest the study site has been primarily dominated by whitebark pine until the last 1000 years, with brief periods of vegetation dominated by non-arboreal taxa that indicate the presence of either successional dynamics or shifts in treeline location. Ages of individual living whitebark pine trees average 365 years, and dendrochronology data suggest that ring widths of the current stand have been declining since 1991. Statistical analyses of PRISM climate data with ring width data suggest that this decrease in annual growth is likely the result of decreased growing season temperature ranges driven by a warming climate. While this stand of whitebark pine is threatened by both warming climate and fire suppression, there is the potential for low-intensity prescribed burns to play a role in conservation and restoration management plans for this threatened conifer.
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Congress, African National. "A basic guide to the Reconstruction and Development Programme." African National Congress, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/75927.
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The RDP is a plan to address the many social and economic problems facing our country — problems such as...violence, lack of housing, lack of jobs, inadequate education and health care, lack of democracy, a failing economy. The RDP recognises that all of these problems are connected. For example, we cannot successfully build the economy while millions do not have homes or jobs. And we cannot provide homes and jobs without rebuilding the economy. We need policies and strategies to address all of the problems together. The RDP aims to do this. The RDP is a programme to mobilise all our people and all our resources to finally get rid of apartheid and build a democratic, non racial and non sexist future. The RDP was drawn up by the ANC-led alliance in consultation with other key mass organisations and assisted by a wide range of nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) and research organisations. This inclusive approach to developing and implementing policy — involving as many organisations as possible — is unique in South Africa’s political history. The ANC — because it is a liberation movement and based on the traditions of the Freedom Charter — is the only political organisation which can bring together such a wide range of social movements, community-based organisations and numerous other sectors and formations. This widespread and broad-based support throughout South Africa will allow the ANC within a Government of National Unity successfully to implement the RDP.
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Juškevičienė, Agnė. "V klasių mokinių nuostata į gimtąją kalbą kaip tautinio ugdymo kokybės vadybos tobulinimo veiksnys." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100305_095446-15798.
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XXI a. iššūkiai - gilėjanti globalizacija, kultūrinė integracija bei ekonominė emigracija. Šie reiškiniai stipriai veikia ir Lietuvos gyvenimą, kurį pradėta sieti su ryšių Vakaruose stiprinimu, net tapatumo siekimu. Tai skatina domėtis kosmopolitizmu, atitolina nuo savosios tautos šaknų. Gimtoji kalba laikoma svarbiausiu tautinės individualybės simboliu, nebetenka savo vaidmens, nes stiprėja mokinių abejingumas lietuvių kalbai, o angliškos leksemos tampa tautos žmonių kultūrine siekiamybe. Tai stiprina tautinio ugdymo poreikį mokyklose, tačiau, visų pirma, reikia išsiaiškinti, kokie veiksniai gali daryti palankų poveikį jo tobulinimui. Todėl šio darbo tikslas - ištirti V klasių mokinių nuostatą į gimtąją kalbą kaip tautinio susipratimo veiksnį. Tyrimo objektas − V klasių mokinių nuostata į gimtąją kalbą ir kitus tautinio susipratimo komponentus.
Nuostatą į gimtąją kalbą atskleidžiantys rezultatai rodo, kad tautiškumo lygmenyje išryškėja žinios apie lietuvių kalbos turtingumą. Tiriant patriotiškumą, nustatyta, kad pusė respondentų brangina gimtąją kalbą, o beveik visų mokinių išryškėja stiprus nacionalinis susipratimas, nes jie žino istorinį ir gramatinį lietuvių kalbos savitumą.
Nuostata į kitus tautinės kultūros dalykus išryškėja tautiškumo lygmenyje, kai mokiniai labiausia norėtų dalyvauti istorinėse ekskursijose. Taip pat atskleista, kad daugiau nei pusė mokinių brangina tautos kultūrą ir mato šviesią Lietuvos ateitį.
Ugdymo projektas rodo, kad labai pasikeitė penktos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Such phenomena as challenges of the XXI 21st century, deepening globalisation, cultural integration and economic emigration deeply influence Lithuanian life which is to be associated with strengthening ties in the West, even seeking for identity. This encourages us to concern with cosmopolitanism and makes a distance from the roots of your mother-tongue. Mother-tongue which is regarded as the most important symbol of national individuality is no longer important because of strengthening pupils' indifference to Lithuanian language. Moreover, English lexemes are becoming a national cultural aspiration. This reinforces the need of national upbringing in schools; however firstly let us reveal factors having favourable influence on school improvement. Therefore the aim of the work is to examine 5th year school children' attitude towards mother-tongue as a subject of national consciousness. The object of this research is 5th year school children' attitude towards mother-tongue and other components of national consciousness. Research data shows that in the level of nationality pupils' knowledge of the richness of Lithuanian language develops. Regarding language patriotism it turned out that half of respondents appreciate mother-tongue and almost all of them are national conscious because they know historical and grammatical peculiarities of Lithuanian language. Attitude to other objects of national culture develops in the national level when pupils mostly would like to go on... [to full text]
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Giampapa, Robin M. "Constructing historical consciousness in Greece syncretism in the context of European unification /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1126036336.
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Sato, Matsumoto Miranda Akemi. "Rural risk reduction in Mexico : making national plans for post-earthquake reconstruction more effective at the local level." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118203.
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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2018.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 89-97).
In September 2017, two severe earthquakes hit Mexico, killing hundreds of people and destroying thousand of structures, including houses, schools, churches, and other buildings. As a consequence, 18,851 settlements were declared disaster areas (DOF. 2017); 96% of those settlements are rancherías -- rural settlements and smallest geo-political unit in Mexico (INEGI. 2010). Because they tend to be very poor, the Mexican federal government intervened to assist affected families by utilizing national savings to provide conditional cash transfers for self-building, with the aim of facilitating housing reconstruction. However, this federal program, like other development programs used by the Mexican government, uses a top-down approach that has been criticized as a one-size-fits-all-solution that does not address the overwhelming needs of those living in earthquake-affected rancherías. This thesis studies the Mexican post-earthquake house reconstruction program at national, state, ranchería and household levels, with the objective of (1) examining the post-earthquake housing development program implemented by the Mexican government, (2) analyzing how national reconstruction plans can be made more efficient at local level, and (3) making recommendations to increase program efficiency through the proposal of a new policy initiative. In order to understand the reconstruction process, I first studied the protocols deployed at national and state levels. I then visited families in the midst of their reconstruction process in three rancherías -- La Nopalera in Yautepec, Morelos; Acatzingo de la Piedra in Tenancingo, Estado de Mexico; and San Juan Tlacotompa in Ecatzingo, Estado de México. This fieldwork permitted discovering that reconstruction is being led by external agents that fail to understand rural needs, consequently imposing urban housing solutions on a rural setting, thereby creating financial, structural and health risks. At the same time, capacity building training is concentrated on these external, urban-oriented agents, leaving local communities with minimal involvement or training in reconstruction efforts. Based on these findings, this thesis provides recommendations on how to address the misdirection of reconstruction efforts and proposes the creation of a university network for Rural Risk Reduction, so as to decentralise the technical capacity, currently concentrated in Mexican cities, while integrating local knowledge regarding rural-specific needs.
by Akemi Sato Matsumoto Miranda.
M.C.P.
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Lang, Clarence E. "Community and resistance in the Gateway City : black national consciousness, working-class formation, and social movements in St. Louis, Missouri, 1941-1964." Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest Information and Learning, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?res_dat=xri:ssbe&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_dat=xri:ssbe:ft:keyresource:Kerr_Diss_02.
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Nordquist, Megan Kathleen. "Stable Isotope Diet Reconstruction of Feral horses (Equus caballas) on the Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada, USA." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3183.
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Feral horse management has become a subject of significant controversy in the United States. This is because of differing opinions and minimal recent empirical data on feral horses. In recent years, numbers of feral horses have increased due to governmental horse removal restrictions (specifically the Wild Horse and Burro act of 1971). With increasing numbers of feral horses on rangelands, land managers are challenged with identifying the appropriate course of action for satisfying groups with differing opinions. The purpose of this study is to characterize diet consumption through the use of stable isotope dietary analysis (δ15N and δ13C). We did this in order to measure the impact of feral horse forage consumption on rangelands and to propose strategies for improving habitat management and conservation. We obtained tail hair isotopic values from tail hair removed while horses that were held in squeeze chutes following a roundup. Resulting isotopic values were compared to plant isotopic values using plant samples obtained from the geographical areas as the horses in order to characterize diet. Contribution of the various plant species to the tail hair mixture values was determined using the EPA program IsoSource©. Initial analysis of tail hair isotopes demonstrated seasonal variation. During summer months, shrubs (mostly Artemesia spp, and Purshia Tridentate), Elymus elymoides, Juncus balticus, and Festuca idahoensis were the predominantly consumed vegetative species. During fall months, Leymus cinereus and Juncus balticus played a more significant role in feral horse diet. In the winter, shrubs were more heavily consumed along with Poa secunda. Springtime showed a shift towards forb consumption. Changes in seasonal consumption of forages are most likely linked to forage availability as well as equine preference. We analyzed plant metrics (specifically biomass, abundance, and cover) to compare a site with horses present to a site where horses had been removed the previous year and found relatively few differences between the two sites. With nearly all differences we found higher plant production (forage availability) on the site where horses were still present. In riparian areas however, there was more vegetation (specifically Carex rossii, Juncus balticus, and Poa secunda) on the site where horses had been removed. Within riparian areas, only Bromus tectorum (a plant not typically found in riparian areas but characteristic of degraded areas) showed significantly greater amounts of biomass on the site with horses present. Knowledge of plant species consumption will allow land managers greater ability to make scientifically based decisions regarding feral horse population control which is important in determining appropriate management levels of populations.
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Tzeng, Shih-jung. "From Hōnto Jin to Bensheng Ren : the origin and development of Taiwanese national consciousness : based on the examination of two diaries (1920-1955)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d095ffe8-3cdc-44ad-ba15-6b31d16d7464.
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This thesis represents a new attempt to use numerous volumes of mostly unpublished diaries, viewed as private forms of ego documents, as the main source for examining identity-centered issues. Using the private diaries of two Taiwanese intellectuals, Chen Wangcheng and Wu Xinrong, I have examined how Taiwanese national consciousness emerged and was reconstructed under the Japanese and Chinese Nationalist rule between 1920 and 1955. The examined cases suggest that a sense of Taiwanese national consciousness was created in the 1920s via an empirical construction, on the one hand, through the working of the politico-social networks, and via an abstract construction through the spread of print-capitalism on the other. Nevertheless, between 1937 and 1945, this multi-dimensional Taiwanese national consciousness was primarily reconstructed by the war development and mobilization, which were also reinforced by war propaganda, such as the discourse of the (greater) East Asian new order, rather than by the Kōminka cultural and religious policies. In other words, the sense of cohesion between the Taiwanese and Japanese was intensified, mainly because they shared a common fate in the cumulative process of warfare. In general, the islanders maintained a double identity as 'Taiwanese/Japanese', with the former being visibly tilted towards the latter during the war. In the early postwar period, the reconstructed Taiwanese national consciousness underwent a further reconstruction caused by the regime change from Japan to China in 1945 and the 2.28 Incident in 1947. The Taiwanese experienced a new imagination of Chinese national consciousness during the regime change, which was later challenged by the misrule of the Nationalist Chinese government and led to the emergence of the bensheng ren (native Taiwanese) consciousness. In nature, the increasing ethnic confrontation between the bensheng ren and waisheng ren (mainlanders), which centered around the conception of 'modernity vs. nationality', mainly resulted from their opposing 'Japanese experiences' and finally led to the outbreak of the 2.28 Incident, which in reverse provided a political focus to materialize the bensheng ren (vs. waisheng ren) identity from outside. In addition, the emerging international Cold War environment enabled the creation of a de facto independent state based on Taiwan-size governance, which internationally had an evident impact on shaping and reshaping the bensheng ren identity.
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Vestal, Paul D. "Remember gay victims an exploration into the history, testimony, and literature of the persecution of homosexuals by the Third Reich and their effect on a queer collective consciousness /." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05142008-150238/.
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Cordts, von Loewis of Menar Hannah Louise. "The ancient past in public and private historical consciousness : national identity and middle school history education in Bavaria and East Germany, 1945 to 2000." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445218/.
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This thesis systematically explores how far and in what ways, public (official, state-sanctioned) and private (non-official, individual) views of the "ancient past" inform and or are influenced by prevalent world views, present needs and conditions and, particularly, by notions of national identity. It identifies the mechanisms by which the past is made relevant to the present and investigates to what degree these mechanisms are generic or dependent on particular contexts. The project focuses on post-war West and East Germany (specifically on Bavaria and the (il)R post-unification Saxony) as a case study. The thesis proposes a theoretical framework for the relationship between historical consciousness and national identity, which is used as a basis for the development of methodologies and data-analysis. Two main sets of data are used to explore different aspects of the theoretical model: 1. 'Middle School' educational media as a source for public historical consciousness and national identity: The analysis of history schoolbooks and curricula investigates how public historical narratives about the "ancient past" fit into and are affected by the wider socio-political processes which generate and define public notions of historical consciousness and national identity. 2. Former students as a source for private notions of historical consciousness and national identity: Interviews with individual members of society explore the nature and level of people's knowledge of the past, their views of (and feelings towards) history and investigate how this is may be related to their sense of national identity. The final part of the thesis draws the results together and discusses the relationship between the public and the private sphere.
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Okada, Yasuhiro. "Gendering the "Black Pacific" race consciousness, national identity, and the masculine/feminine empowerment among African Americans in Japan under U.S. military occupation, 1945-1952 /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
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Usta, Ali Deniz. "The Reconstruction Of The Past In The Process Of Nation Building In Kazakhstan." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608897/index.pdf.
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In this thesis, the purpose is to analyze the path that the nation building process in Kazakhstan has been following in the post-Soviet period through examining the various policies implemented and the official rhetoric and discourses stated by the Kazakh policymakers. The ethno-symbolist approach of Anthony D. Smith and the views of Walker Connor and Willfried Spohn on nationalism and national identity have been utilized in the analysis of the research. The Soviet Nationalities Policy is examined to be able to better understand the post-Soviet nation-building, because the policies implemented under this comprehensive project, which had been outlined by the Bolsheviks, had deep political, cultural, demographic and linguistic impacts on the process in Kazakhstan. The ethnic situation has also been laid down in order to highlight under which ethnic circumstances the nation building process has been taking place. After analyzing the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the post-Soviet policies about language, education, employment, culture and national symbols, the statements of the President Nursultan Nazarbayev and the move of capital, this study claims that post-Soviet nation building process and nationalism in Kazakhstan have both ethnic and civic components whereby the nation building process in Kazakhstan is a more ethnic process than it is civic.
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Bernath, Monica. "Black Atlantic expression in the poetry of Langston Hughes and Nicolás Guillén." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-86911.
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As Paul Gilroy has argued, the Black Atlantic is a cultural and literary network that has emerged in the aftermath of the Atlantic slave trade. The concerns of the Black Atlantic are made visible in the poetry of African American Langston Hughes and Cuban Nicolás Guillén. Gilroy’s theorization of the Black Atlantic draws on W.E.B. Du Bois’s idea of ‘double consciousness’ which describes the “doubleness” that blacks can experience when belonging to two groups at the same time which have been constructed as oppositional and exclusive in a society. One of Du Bois’s main concerns is to highlight the troublesome situation of the African Americans in the time after the emancipation, and to advocate for the inclusion of black people’s culture and identity into the U.S. national identity. Gilroy develops the idea of double consciousness to question national identities, notions of ethnicity, and the assumption that cultures always flow into congruent patterns with national borders; he further suggests that the Atlantic should be taken as a single, complex formation of black cultural expression. The analysis in this essay of the poems by Hughes and Guillén show that even though the poetry of these writers emerges in different contexts their poetry share essential similarities in their expressions of the Black Atlantic: the expression of a collective subject’s experience of slavery and displacement, the experience of double consciousness, and the aspiration for a whole identity, which can either, or simultaneously, be a desire of belonging to a national identity or to a cosmopolitan identity. Furthermore the analysis displays that the poems express a belonging to a certain kind of ‘rootless cosmopolitanism’ in which the subject’s experience of not belonging and the unification in the dispersion is fundamental; this rootless world identity is in itself a manifestation of the Black Atlantic culture which Gilroy describes.
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Kilesso, Contant Tetyana. "La reconstruction de l'avenue Xreščatyk à Kiev (1944-1955) : des premiers projets à la réalisation finale." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL029.
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Notre recherche porte sur l’histoire de la reconstruction du Xreščatyk, l’avenue principale de Kiev, au cours de la première décennie qui suit la Deuxième guerre mondiale sous plusieurs angles : le contexte idéologique et économique dans lequel se trouve l’URSS à l’époque, la politique d’Etat dans le domaine de l’architecture et son impact sur la modélisation des formes architecturales, les matériaux et techniques de construction, l’organisation de l’activité architecturale, l’application pratique de la théorie de la synthèse des arts, le rôle des espaces verts dans la planification urbaine. Nous étudions les différentes étapes de l’élaboration et de la réalisation de ce projet architectural majeur en tant que résultat de l’interaction entre le commanditaire social et les architectes. Nous analysons le concept architectural du Xreščatyk comme l’adaptation de la tradition artistique nationale au contexte de l’Ukraine soviétique d’après-guerre. Malgré l’importance idéologique que revêt la reconstruction de l’avenue principale de la capitale ukrainienne, comme symbole du triomphe du communisme sur le nazisme, tout n’est pas subordonné au politique dans ce gigantesque chantier. Le dévouement et les idées personnelles des auteurs du projet jouent un certain rôle d’une part et les réalités économiques dictent un certain nombre de choix d’autre part. Ce travail met en évidence le décalage entre les projets ambitieux du concours architectural et la réalisation finale, analyse les mécanismes d’ajustement du projet aux besoins réels de la villeOur research relates to the history of the reconstruction of Xreščatyk, the main avenue of Kiev, during the first decade which follows the Second world war under several approaches: ideological and economic context in which is the USSR at the time; the state policy in the field of architecture and its impact on the modeling of the architectural forms, materials and building techniques, the organization of the architectural activity, the practical application of the theory of the synthesis of arts, the role of green spaces in the urban planning. We study the various stages of the development and the realization of this major architectural project as a result of the interaction between the social sponsor and the architects. We analyze the architectural concept of Xreščatyk like the adaptation of the national artistic tradition to the context of the Soviet Ukraine of post-war period. Despite the ideological importance of rebuilding the main avenue of the Ukrainian capital, as a symbol of the triumph of communism over nazism, everything is not subordinate to politics in this gigantic building site. The dedication and personal ideas of the authors of the project play a certain role on the one hand and economic realities dictate a number of choices on the other. This work highlights the gap between the ambitious projects of the architectural competition and the final realization, analyzes the mechanisms of adjustment of the project to the real needs of the city
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Naidoo, Pathmaloshini, of Western Sydney Nepean University, and Faculty of Education. "The critical tradition : policy and process in South African education." THESIS_FE_XXX_Naidoo_P.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/536.
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For the researcher, education is concerned fundamentally with the notion of human emancipation. In other words, it is only worth the name if it forms people capable of taking part in their own liberation. Education policy in South Africa prior to African National Congress victory in 1994 was dominated by the ideology of apartheid which led to a variety of malpractices in defining the role and status of education. The ANC victory in South Africa ushered in a period of awakening from a situation of oppression to the establishment of alternative education structures promising a redress of past imbalances through equality, justice and democracy as fundamental human rights. While the ANC policy documents may serve South African society in an educative way, it is equally important that this also implies, at a practical level, an increase in collective learning levels. This has to be done in ways that are undistorted and ways that do not devolve all authority to experts. As a preliminary to improving practices, it is vital to penetrate below the surface of the ANC policy documents to understand the true nature of things found to expose internal and external contradictions and distortions. As Durkheim (1994) says why strive for knowledge of reality if this knowledge cannot serve us in life. This implies that the pursuit of knowledge is of little value unless it can serve our interests as social and cultural beings. This thesis aims to examine the role played by the Reconstruction and Development Policy in South Africa's education system. It questions the viability of implementing the policies as set out in the policy documents, which the African National Congress claim to be derived from critical theory. The focus was on the reconstruction of the central and decisive events that have had implications for present educational policy and development. A methodological tool derived from critical theory was applied since it provided a form of meta-critique with an emancipatory rather than manipulative interest in criticism. Critical theory hence became a method of rational valuing and a powerful tool of internal and external criticism with the potential for use in practical as well as theoretical research. It thus becomes of value not only to a policy-maker but to a researcher or classroom practitioner as well. With regards to South Africa's present status, critical theory offers us a clear, less-distorted picture of how things are and at least suggests through transcendence of the existent, the possibility of how things may be different.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Grün, Louis Anne François. "American Benevolence and German Reconstruction: "Americanizing" Germany through Humanitarian Relief 1919-1924." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami159612068829224.
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Ching-Ni, Liu Jessie. "From Chinese national identity to Taiwanese consciousness : an examination of the cultural elements in Taiwan's democratization during the Lee Teng-hui era and its legacy, 1988-2004 /." Full text PDF, 2004. http://epublications.bond.edu.au/theses/ching-ni/.
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Starke, Ansunette. "The implications of ideology for society and education in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8472.
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Magister Educationis - MEdIdeology reveals itself in the commonly shared ideas and ideals which act as the driving force responsible for group formation underlying nationalist aspirations in society. It reveals itself in various ways with politics as the most visible and education as the most powerful, yet unobtrusive, manifestation. In South Africa Afrikaner Nationalism and Black Nationalism have been involved in a titanic battle for the last fifty years. The ideology of Afrikaner Nationalism developed as a striving for political, cultural and educational freedom from British imperialist domination. An important part of this struggle was waged in the field of education, leading to the development of the sub-ideology of Christian National Education. The tenacity with which the Afrikaner pursued his nationalist aspirations was rewarded with the recognition of Afrikaans as official language in 1925, the National Party gaining political power in 1948 and the establishment of the Afrikaner educational ideology, Christian National Education, as state education policy in 1967. The Afrikaner Broederbond, under the cover of an Afrikaner cultural society, exercised a tremendously strong influence in the political, economic and social spheres. With the support of the extremely influential Dutch Reformed Church hegemonic rule was further consolidated. In order to attain its ideals and maintain its position of power, Afrikanerdom engaged in suppressing the Black sector of the population. This manifested in the denial of political and human rights to Blacks, and was reinforced by an education system which offered Blacks inferior education to that of Whites to ensure that they would not become a threat to Afrikaner power. The Afrikaner Broederbond, under the cover of an Afrikaner cultural society, exercised a tremendously strong influence in the political, economic and social spheres. With the support of the extremely influential Dutch Reformed Church hegemonic rule was further consolidated. In order to attain its ideals and maintain its position of power, Afrikanerdom engaged in suppressing the Black sector of the population. This manifested in the denial of political and human rights to Blacks, and was reinforced by an education system which offered Blacks inferior education to that of Whites to ensure that they would not become a threat to Afrikaner power tendency towards communalism in Black society resulted in Black Nationalism adopting the ideology of Black Liberation Socialism, under whose banner many former colonies had attained independence from their European mother countries. The educational sub ideology of People's Education served the Black Nationalist ideal by adopting in its curricula, syllabi and organisational structure an approach which supported Black liberation from the apartheid regime. The South African state (government, the police, the legal system, etc.) acted in a repressive manner under the influence of the Afrikaner ideology. The oppression Afrikaners suffered at the hand of British imperialism was repeated when Afrikaner Nationalism assumed power under the Nationalist government. It subjected Blacks to oppression and totally negated Black nationalist aspirations. Education always serves the dominant ideology - a concept clearly manifested in Christian National Education as it served the Afrikaner Nationalist ideology. In the same manner People's Education proved to be an extension of the Black Liberation Struggle. Ideology is thus in the service of power. Ample evidence exists that Afrikaner Nationalism and Christian National Education served to entrench Afrikanerdom in a position of seemingly unassailable power for an extended period of time after it had discarded the British imperialist yoke. This dominant position was maintained despite being a minority group. Should the same pattern prevail one would expect the African National Congress to abuse its present position of power to oppress the White minority and take revenge for the suffering that the latter had inflicted on Blacks for so many years. Both the Oppressed and the Oppressor are dehumanised in the process of oppression. Although the Afrikaner was in a dominant, powerful position and seemingly free, he became enslaved to his own ideology. He was deprived of independent opinion and thought by the prescriptive ideology of Afrikaner Nationalism and its educational ideology of Christian National Education. Non-compliance was frowned upon and deviants ostracised. It is ironic that, by ousting the Afrikaner nationalist regime, the African National Congress actually became the agent which liberated the Afrikaner from his self inflicted ideological oppression. Oppression thus seems to follow a vicious circle with both the Oppressor and the Oppressed suffering dehumanisation. Unless the Oppressed is rehumanised the oppressive role model presented by the Oppressor is emulated and the former Oppressed become the new Oppressor. The necessity for the process of rehumanisation to occur in the postapartheid South African society can not be over-emphasised and thus various steps that can be taken to effect rehumanisation are suggested.
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Shuster, Marina. "Analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database in 19,100 Patients Undergoing Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: Complication Rates With Acellular Dermal Matrix." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17295859.
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Background: The use of acellular dermal matrices has become increasingly popular in immediate and delayed tissue expander/implant–based breast reconstruction. However, it is unclear whether their use is associated with increased postoperative complication rates. Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, the authors assessed baseline differences in demographics and comorbidities with and without acellular dermal matrix and determined whether postoperative complication rates varied.
Methods: Using the national surgical database (2005 to 2011), tissue expander/ implant–based breast reconstruction cases were extracted using Current Procedural Terminology codes. Differences in preoperative demographics and comorbidities were assessed using chi-square and t test analysis using SPSS. The authors analyzed variations in complication rates and determined whether demographics and comorbidities affected outcomes using multivariate logistical analysis. A post hoc power study was calculated.
Results: Of 19,100 cases, 3301 involved acellular dermal matrix use. Overall complication rates were not statistically significant (acellular dermal matrix, 5.3 percent; non–acellular dermal matrix, 4.9 percent; p = 0.396). Several risk factors were statistically significant associated factors of complications. Higher body mass index was associated with wound complications in both cohorts. In the non–acellular dermal matrix group, body mass index, smoking, and diabetes were associated with major complications, and radiotherapy and steroid use with minor complications.
Conclusions: Acellular dermal matrix use did not appear to increase complication rates in tissue expander/implant–based breast reconstruction in this survey of a national surgical database. There was no significant difference in complication rates between the acellular dermal matrix and non–acellular dermal matrix groups.
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Sray, Karen L. "Accessing the power within the challenge of gender and cultural identity to post-conflict reconstruction in Iraq /." Quantico, VA : Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 2008. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA490818.
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Novotny, Ryan J. "The "road" to success : importance of construction on reconstruction in conflict-affected states." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/14845.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe United States has spent over $2 billion during the last six years to reconstruct and stabilize Afghanistan through the Commander's Emergency Response Program (CERP). This effort is only one of several simultaneous programs attempting to stabilize Afghanistan using approaches including providing humanitarian aid, education, government and security reform, and construction. Construction often involves simple infrastructure development with tangible benefits including increased access, growing commerce and better security. Construction projects can also employ the local population and, if done correctly, develop a sense of community and social capital. What causes construction projects to miss the mark failing to result in creating a stable community? This research compares four different construction programs including CERP, National Solidarity Program (NSP), United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRT) to determine their potential impact on Afghan stability. It uses a combination of statistical regression, correlation, geospatial and temporal analysis to compare completed construction with recorded SIGACTs (Significant Acts) reported by U.S. forces and NGOs. The results imply that the identified stabilization programs are not using construction effectively to create social capital and stability.
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Sun, Yu-Ping, and 孫玉平. "Taiwan’s Democratization and National Consciousness: The Facts of Changing National Consciousness." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13465217993559693596.
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碩士國立中興大學
國際政治研究所
94
Abstract: The national consciousness has profound influence to the cross-strait relations. The national consciousness is the essence of the national identity, and it is under the influence of both the internal and the external factors. In Taiwan, because of her special history background, the development of the national consciousness is accompanied with the democratization progress that goes too forward for long time. Since 1970''s, Taiwan began to democratize. However, the issue of national identity has always been concerned in each national election. The related survey also indicates that the people''s national identity keeps on changing.The main purpose of this study is to investigate the internal and the external environment factors that had influenced on the national consciousness during the process of democratization in Taiwan. This study finds the following: In terms of external factors:(1) The extending of the cross-strait relations can decelerate the rising of the Taiwanese consciousness, but not necessarily can keep the Chinese consciousness from downplaying. (2) The conflict or negative messages between the cross-strait relations may cause the rise of the Taiwanese consciousness, but the decline of the Chinese consciousness. (3) Both China’s tough attitude and provocative assertions made by Taiwan leaders may increase the Taiwanese consciousness, but decrease the Chinese consciousness. Secondary, in terms of internal factors: (1) The ethnicity problem during the process of democratization is an important factor that influences the national consciousness, but such influence is continuously declining.(2)The development of the economy and the society promotes citizen consciousness, making the political culture become a participating political culture. This causes a great deal of countermoves that accelerates the democratization progress and stimulates the development of the national consciousness.(3) The political elites are capable of guiding the direction of the development of the national consciousness. The fluctuation of the national consciousness is very noticeable after a peaceful rotation of political parties in power.Finally, this study suggests that: Ever since the martial law was relieved, discussions on Chinese or Taiwanese consciousness are usually presented by a political way. Even most of time or under different situations, the issue of the national identity is viewed as the standard of judging the loyalty. Some scholars presume the standard of national identity when discussing this kind of issues. This is not helpful to reaching a consensus, and will become an opposition in the society. This issue deserves a special attention for the future research.
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Lee, Yu-Wen, and 李玉雯. "National Consciousness of the Brothers Grimm." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14199574742549218705.
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碩士國立中興大學
歷史學系所
96
The Romanticism flourished all over Germany during 1780 to 1830. It was the time when the Brothers Grimm; Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm, encountered the movement. From 1802 to 1806, the Brothers Grimm studied in the University of Marburg and where they were tutored by the influential jurist, Friedrich Carl von Savigny. With his inspiration, the Grimms found their interests in ancient Germanic literature and folktales. Savigny then introduced them with Clemens Brentano and Achim von Arnim, their fellows in searching of the lost folktales. Their effort ended up with publishing the first volume of folktales, Kinder- und Hausmaerchen in 1812. The Brothers Grimm had used their works as the way to elaborate passion for national consciousness. In the preface of Kinder- und Hausmaerchen, the Grimms clearly pointed out their desire as delivering nationality, of which embedded within the folktales to the readers. In order to preserve the originality and to better represent it, they adopted the principal of using comparative study. We can find this method being readopted and imitated into their following writings. The Brothers Grimm had released works of all kinds; including folktales, legends and linguistic study. They collected folktales from peasants and villagers all over the “Deutschland”. Before Jacob formulated his mode of Germanisten, there were no guidelines for the German study to follow. He developed the knowledge by comparing and integrating differences between languages, historic background, legislations and other concerning issues. After that, conferences on Germanisten were held in Frankfurt and Luebeck respectively. The topic became easier for researchers to communicate and more probable of deploying as pursuing its ultimate goal － uniting the separate Deutscher Bund － by the means of untraditional, abstract culture measure. The March Revolution erupted in 1848. In response to the revolution, the prototype Parliament, National Assembly, was assembled in Frankfurt to ease the widespread dissent all over German States. Jacob was honored to be chosen as a representative in this meeting, where he devoted himself dynamically for supporting the idea of a unified Germany. The national consciousness of Brothers Grimm came from their beliefs in national identity, which was supported by findings they have read in ancient stories and literatures. The major unifying factor for the German people at that time was a common language. Therefore, Jacob and Wilhelm believed their effort of editing a German dictionary, das Deutsche Woerterbuch, will in the long run, motivate and empower people. In the wake of culture invasion conducted by France, in order to part the outsider from the native, citizens of the pan-Germanic region eagerly upheld their distinct social value and cultural identity. This is the time when the Brothers Grimm had presented them with a decent solution.
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Ling, Lin Su, and 林素玲. "Poetry 15 national customs esthetic consciousness research." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06969717954382880083.
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碩士中國文化大學
中國文學研究所碩士在職專班
96
Paper abstract "Poetry" is a Chinese earliest poetry total collection, is the literature magnificent Can Yao's source, also is in the world literature treasure house the brilliant star. Since all previous dynasties to "Poetry" although the research the achievement is plentiful, like the explanation poem aim, expresses righteousness principle, the discussion decrees and regulations system, the adjustment writing, the analysis sound as well as the inspection name, the mountains and rivers, the astronomy, the birds birds and beasts grass insect ......But actually unusual esthetics aspect research. In fact, "Poetry" besides is the poetry creation total collection, was one accumulated the rich esthetic consciousness text, its most essence part was 15 national customs, in which has filled specially regarding the week person's social activity, the life style, the custom and the thoughts and feelings observation and the description, but and precipitated in daily social life to accumulate the esthetic sense and the beautiful nature. The present paper research, first by background factors and so on Chou Dynasty's history, political system, social structure, thought culture, analyzes the inside story which 15 country esthetic consciousness produces. Next, in the speaking of 15 national customs esthetic experiences, first searches analyzes in the national customs the esthetic main body characteristic and the life, then analyzes the esthetic object the characteristic, as well as between esthetic host object treatment relations. Once more, discusses 15 national customs the regions and the esthetic characteristic development relations, first various national customs region origin, writes take Zhu Xi "Poetry To collect" to various national customs history, the region origin elaboration of as the basis, takes 15 national customs the region general remarks. Moreover searches analyzes various national customs the region special characteristic and the esthetic development, writes "Han History by Chinese Ban Gu. The geography will" in view of 15 national customs region custom characteristic elaboration, takes the inquisition basis Finally summarizes the different region nationality's humanities difference to the esthetic idea influence. In addition, is discusses 15 national customs the performance skills and the artistic style, searches separately analyzes bestows on the writing technique in 15 countries which the ratio is popular, chants the body the use the effect which presents in the poetry, as well as the empty word, takes seriously the use skill, and searches about 15 national customs artistic styles analyzes. Key word: Poetry, 15 national customs, esthetic consciousness, region culture, esthetics