Journal articles: 'Reconstruction of the building'

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Vico López, Lola. "Metodología y criterios para la reconstrucción virtual del Patrimonio Arquitectónico romano." Virtual Archaeology Review 2, no. 3 (April 15, 2011): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2011.4671.

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This paper discusses virtual reconstructions of roman architectures from a constructive and technical point of view, and presents the results of a study about the contribution of architectural construction applied to virtual "restoration", that allowed reconstructive hypothesis realization using computer graphics for virtual reconstruction of the Villa of Livia. One of the key features regarding the methodology developed is the reliance on knowledge about ancient building techniques to underpin reconstruction hypotheses: as when designing a building, the preparation of a virtual model relies on architectural and engineering criteria, such as structural stability, functionality and correct use of building materials. In this regard, the virtual reconstruction of Roman buildings is eased by the existence of strong codes and principles that have ruled design and on which reconstruction hypotheses can be based. The paper introduces how the methodology is perfectly transparent and repeatable, guarantying a sound and objective final product.

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Feng, Xiao Ping, Zhi Heng Jiang, and Yu Han. "Potential and Economic Analysis of Office Building Energy Saving Reconstruction in Sunan Region." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.422.

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with the vigorous development of construction in our country, the proportion of the building energy consumption in total is increasing step by step, especially the 1980s existing buildings, the vast majority of them failing to take any insulation measures, the energy consumption of them is several times or even ten times to new buildings, therefore, in recent years, energy saving reconstructions of existing buildings have paid more and more attention. This paper takes a typical office building which was built in sunan region as an example, using some external thermal insulation materials such as rigid polyurethane foam plastics, polyurethane composite board and energy saving design software BECS to imitate energy saving reconstruction. Besides, the economy of each scheme of energy saving reconstruction was also analyzed. The results show that, energy saving reconstruction can greatly reduce the energy consumption of existing buildings, and bring good economic benefits, at the same time, it also can improve indoor comfort and working conditions, and can generate significant social benefits.

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Petrov, Alexander, Vitaly Peshkov, and Alexander Petunin. "Industrial technologies of reconstruction of large-panel buildings of the 1-335 series." MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821204009.

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Technological and constructive decisions of modernization and reconstruction of large-panel buildings of the first mass buildings are considered in the article. The technology of the reinforced concrete diaphragms of the building hardness brings the seismic stability of the building to the normative level. The technologies of erecting a building with bay windows, as well as the construction of attic floors by the method of mounting bulk units enlarged onto the span have been developed. The folding volumetric blocks and the technology of their installation are proposed. The analysis of reconstructive works in two variants showed their rationality and financial attractiveness in comparison with the dismantling of buildings.

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Solvang, Wei Deng, and Chao Ying Zhang. "Benefit Analysis of the Energy Saving Reconstruction of the Office Building in Chagan Hada." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 4976–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.4976.

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The project of the office building of the People’s Government of Chagan Hada was initiated by the Norwegian government for helping with energy saving reconstruction in undeveloped areas of developing countries. By reconstructing the office building’s external walls, doors, windows, roofs and heating system, the coal consumption of the office building has decreased from 50kg/m2 to 23.8kg/m2, saving raw coal by about 26t each year. After the reconstruction, the temperatures of various zones in the office building have risen by 13°C to 15°C respectively. The project fully adopts existing building energy saving technologies and locally produced building energy saving materials. What’s more, it introduces building energy saving ideas of Norway and has reached three achievements: First, both strict working attitude and skillful operations were ensured in construction; second, demonstration effect was emphasized; third, importance was attached to ability development.

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Bacharidis, Konstantinos, Froso Sarri, and Lemonia Ragia. "3D Building Façade Reconstruction Using Deep Learning." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 5 (May 13, 2020): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9050322.

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In recent years, advances in computer hardware, graphics rendering algorithms and computer vision have enabled the utilization of 3D building reconstructions in the fields of archeological structure restoration and urban planning. This paper deals with the reconstruction of realistic 3D models of buildings façades, in the urban environment for cultural heritage. The proposed approach is an extension of our previous work in this research topic, which introduced a methodology for accurate 3D realistic façade reconstruction by defining and exploiting a relation between stereoscopic image and tacheometry data. In this work, we re-purpose well known deep neural network architectures in the fields of image segmentation and single image depth prediction, for the tasks of façade structural element detection, depth point-cloud generation and protrusion estimation, with the goal of alleviating drawbacks in our previous design, resulting in a more light-weight, robust, flexible and cost-effective design.

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Wichmann, A., and M. Kada. "3D Building Adjustment Using Planar Half-Space Regularities." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-3 (August 7, 2014): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-3-189-2014.

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The automatic reconstruction of 3D building models with complex roof shapes is still an active area of research. In this paper we present a novel approach for local and global regularization rules that integrate building knowledge to improve both the shape of the reconstructed building models and their accuracy. These rules are defined for the planar half-space representation of our models and emphasize the presence of symmetries, co-planarity, parallelism, and orthogonality. By not adjusting building features separately (e.g. ridges, eaves, etc.) we are able to handle more than one feature at a time without considering dependencies between different features. Additionally, we present a new method for reconstructing buildings with concave outlines using half-spaces that avoids the need to partition the models into smaller convex parts. We present both extensions in the context of a fully automatic feature-driven 3D building reconstruction approach where the whole process is suited for processing large urban areas with complex building roofs.

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Li, Yuan, and Bo Wu. "Relation-Constrained 3D Reconstruction of Buildings in Metropolitan Areas from Photogrammetric Point Clouds." Remote Sensing 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13010129.

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The complexity and variety of buildings and the defects of point cloud data are the main challenges faced by 3D urban reconstruction from point clouds, especially in metropolitan areas. In this paper, we developed a method that embeds multiple relations into a procedural modelling process for the automatic 3D reconstruction of buildings from photogrammetric point clouds. First, a hybrid tree of constructive solid geometry and boundary representation (CSG-BRep) was built to decompose the building bounding space into multiple polyhedral cells based on geometric-relation constraints. The cells that approximate the shapes of buildings were then selected based on topological-relation constraints and geometric building models were generated using a reconstructing CSG-BRep tree. Finally, different parts of buildings were retrieved from the CSG-BRep trees, and specific surface types were recognized to convert the building models into the City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) format. The point clouds of 105 buildings in a metropolitan area in Hong Kong were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Compared with two existing methods, the proposed method performed the best in terms of robustness, regularity, and topological correctness. The CityGML building models enriched with semantic information were also compared with the manually digitized ground truth, and the high level of consistency between the results suggested that the produced models will be useful in smart city applications.

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Barabash, Мaria S., and Maryna A. Romashkina. "LIRA-SAPR PROGRAM FOR GENERATING DESIGN MODELS OF RECONSTRUCTED BUILDINGS." International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 14, no. 4 (December 21, 2018): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2018-14-4-70-80.

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The paper deals with technique of simulation for buildings at maintenance stage with account of changes in structural model during reconstruction. The authours suggest algorithm for linear and nonlinear analysis of structures in LIRA-SAPR program with account of erection process. Generation of design models for reconstructed buildings are illustrated with real examples from design practice (reconstruction of 3-storey office building with overstorey; reconstruction of 5-storey hostel with built-in nonresidential premises when floor slabs are changed; reconstruction of building with account of defects that were detected and strengthening that was made; reconstruction of 9-storey residential building where gaz was exploded, with account of defects that were detected and strengthening that was made).

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Ye, Hai, Jun Cheng, and Zhi Zhuang. "Reducing Building Waste by Reconstruction and Reutilization." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1843.

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Ghost towns of empty houses, short-lived buildings and plants functional change etc. are big building waste problems in China. To create a low-carbon society, reasonable reconstruction work is necessary. Also as the rapid development of high and new technology, building services is improved continuously. More energy efficient and reliable products are required. In this paper, the analysis on different type of building and services upgrading was carried out. For these upgrading schemes, their merits and disadvantages are discussed.

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Huang, H., M. Michelini, M. Schmitz, L. Roth, and H. Mayer. "LOD3 BUILDING RECONSTRUCTION FROM MULTI-SOURCE IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2020 (August 12, 2020): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2020-427-2020.

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Abstract. We propose a pipeline for the detection as well as modeling of individual buildings based on multi-source images. It allows to consistently reconstruct whole buildings at Level of Detail 3 (LoD3): the roof from airborne images and the facades including elements such as windows and doors mainly from terrestrial images. We employ a parametrized top-down model – the “shell model” – with the roof as well as the facades semantically and geometrically integrated. This generative model fosters stability for building detection by enabling the use of multi-source data and offers flexibility in modeling by means of a fully CAD-compatible integration of building components. Experiments performed on imagery from different terrestrial and airborne (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle – UAV) cameras demonstrate the potential of the approach.

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Kvaraia, Irakli, and Liana Giorgobiani. "Maintenance of the Old Building Facade During Its Reconstruction." Works of Georgian Technical University, no. 1(519) (March 29, 2021): 220–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2021-1-220-231.

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Facades of buildings are of special importance for the preservation of the traditional architectural appearance of cities. The façade of the building is a living expression of the era in which it was built and it is an integral part of history. Therefore, demolition of buildings declared as historical or cultural heritage sites is categorically unacceptable. It is necessary to carry out their reconstruction work, keeping the facade intact. In Tbilisi, back in the 70s of the last century, the restoration of houses with balconies began, and today the rehabilitationreconstruction of old neighborhoods is being successfully carried out. Many famous buildings have been completely renovated as a result of the reconstruction, but sometimes it is necessary to completely renovate the interior of the building. The main problem at this time is to maintain the stability of the façade walls, which often, during the reconstruction process, no longer have any connection with the main frame part. That is why they are temporarily strengthened. Due to the conditions of the reconstruction, the reinforcement constructions are arranged in different ways and after the completion of the works, the facade becomes an integral part of the new building again. In recent years, several such interesting reconstruction works have been carried out in Tbilisi.

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Apollonio, Fabrizio Ivan, Federico Fallavollita, Elisabetta Caterina Giovannini, Riccardo Foschi, and Salvatore Corso. "The reconstruction of drawn architecture." Studies in Digital Heritage 1, no. 2 (December 14, 2017): 380–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v1i2.23243.

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Among the many cases concerning the process of digital hypothetical 3D reconstruction a particular case is constituted by never realized projects and plans. They constitute projects designed and remained on paper that, albeit documented by technical drawings, they pose the typical problems that are common to all other cases. From 3D reconstructions of transformed architectures, to destroyed/lost buildings and part of towns.This case studies start from original old drawings which has to be implemented by different kind of documentary sources, able to provide - by means evidence, induction, deduction, analogy - information characterized by different level of uncertainty and related to different level of accuracy.All methods adopted in a digital hypothetical 3D reconstruction process show us that the goal of all researchers is to be able to make explicit, or at least intelligible, through a graphical system a synthetic/communicative level representative or the value of the reconstructive process that is behind a particular result.The result of a reconstructive process acts in the definition of three areas intimately related one each other which concur to define the digital consistency of the artifact object of study: Shape (geometry, size, spatial position); Appearance (surface features); Constitutive elements (physical form, stratification of building/manufacturing systems)The paper, within a general framework aimed to use 3D models as a means to document and communicate the shape and appearance of never built architecture, as well as to depict temporal correspondence and allow the traceability of uncertainty and accuracy that characterizes each reconstructed element.

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Alenicheva, Е. V., and О. N. Kozhukhina. "EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF RECONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS OF MASS SERIES BY VALUE INDICATORS." Voprosy sovremennoj nauki i praktiki. Universitet imeni V.I. Vernadskogo, no. 2(80) (2021): 047–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/voprosy.2021.02.pp.047-054.

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Possible solutions for reconstruction of residential buildings of standard series are considered. The analysis of studies on the reconstruction of buildings in the world practice is conducted. The existing methods of technical and economic assessment of the effectiveness of the reconstruction of apartment buildings are analyzed. Using the example of the housing stock of the Tambov region, a study of the values of the technical and economic indicators of the space-planning solution of the building was carried out; the cost estimation of reconstruction with the construction of superstructures or extensions to the building was made in order to find the most optimal solution.

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Tolkin, Axmedov. "Reconstruction of 5-storey large panel buildings, use of atmospheric precipitation water for technical purposes in the building." American Journal of Applied sciences 02, no. 12 (December 27, 2020): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume02issue12-14.

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This article provides basic information on engineering selection and beautification of urban areas where 5-storey residential buildings should be built in response to emergencies in ways to increase the energy efficiency of buildings using atmospheric water for technical purposes.

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Palanirajan, H. K., B. Alsadik, F. Nex, and S. Oude Elberink. "EFFICIENT FLIGHT PLANNING FOR BUILDING FAÇADE 3D RECONSTRUCTION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W13 (June 4, 2019): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w13-495-2019.

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Abstract. Three-dimensional (3D) building model is gaining more scientific attention in recent times due to its application in various fields such as vehicle autonomous navigation, urban planning, heritage building documentation, gaming visualisation and tourism. The quality of the Level of Detail (LoD) of building models relies on the high-resolution data sets obtained for the building. As an alternative to laser scanners, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are efficient in collecting good quality images and generate reliable LoD3 of buildings (i.e. to model both roof and facades of a building) at comparatively lower cost and time. However, the complete collection of images on building facades is usually performed by manual flights along the different façade to assure a homogenous image coverage with the same resolution on each element: no offline autonomous procedure to define the main façade planes and acquire complete image sets independent of UAV platform have been developed yet. This paper proposes a novel methodology to generate the flight plan in correspondence of building facades. The Digital Surface Model (DSM) obtained from an initial nadir flight is used as an input to identify the target building and plan the image acquisition around it. The optimised flight plan ensures complete coverage of the building with a minimum number of images. The coordinates as well as the attitude of each planned image can be finally loaded on a UAV to perform the flight. In order to validate the proposed methodology, some tests performed on synthetic buildings of growing complexity and very different shapes are presented.

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Amini, H., P. Pahlavani, and R. Karimi. "3D RECONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS WITH GABLED AND HIPPED STRUCTURES USING LIDAR DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-2/W3 (October 22, 2014): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-2-w3-47-2014.

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Buildings are the most important objects in urban areas. Thus, building detection using photogrammetry and remote sensing data as well as 3D model of buildings are very useful for many applications such as mobile navigation, tourism, and disaster management. In this paper, an approach has been proposed for detecting buildings by LiDAR data and aerial images, as well as reconstructing 3D model of buildings. In this regard, firstly, building detection carried out by utilizing a Supper Vector Machine (SVM) as a supervise method. The supervise methods need training data that could be collected from some features. Hence, LiDAR data and aerial images were utilized to produce some features. The features were selected by considering their abilities for separating buildings from other objects. The evaluation results of building detection showed high accuracy and precision of the utilized approach. The detected buildings were labeled in order to reconstruct buildings, individually. Then the planes of each building were separated and adjacent planes were recognized to reduce the calculation volume and to increase the accuracy. Subsequently, the bottom planes of each building were detected in order to compute the corners of hipped roofs using intersection of three adjacent planes. Also, the corners of gabled roofs were computed by both calculating the intersection line of the adjacent planes and finding the intersection between the planes intersection line and their detected parcel. Finally, the coordinates of some nodes in building floor were computed and 3D model reconstruction was carried out. In order to evaluate the proposed method, 3D model of some buildings with different complexity level were generated. The evaluation results showed that the proposed method has reached credible performance.

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Hu, Pingbo, Yiming Miao, and Miaole Hou. "Reconstruction of Complex Roof Semantic Structures from 3D Point Clouds Using Local Convexity and Consistency." Remote Sensing 13, no. 10 (May 17, 2021): 1946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13101946.

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Three-dimensional (3D) building models are closely related to human activities in urban environments. Due to the variations in building styles and complexity in roof structures, automatically reconstructing 3D buildings with semantics and topology information still faces big challenges. In this paper, we present an automated modeling approach that can semantically decompose and reconstruct the complex building light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point clouds into simple parametric structures, and each generated structure is an unambiguous roof semantic unit without overlapping planar primitive. The proposed method starts by extracting roof planes using a multi-label energy minimization solution, followed by constructing a roof connection graph associated with proximity, similarity, and consistency attributes. Furthermore, a progressive decomposition and reconstruction algorithm is introduced to generate explicit semantic subparts and hierarchical representation of an isolated building. The proposed approach is performed on two various datasets and compared with the state-of-the-art reconstruction techniques. The experimental modeling results, including the assessment using the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) benchmark LiDAR datasets, demonstrate that the proposed modeling method can efficiently decompose complex building models into interpretable semantic structures.

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Braun, C., T. H. Kolbe, F. Lang, W. Schickler, V. Steinhage, A. B. Cremers, W. Förstner, and L. Plümer. "Models for photogrammetric building reconstruction." Computers & Graphics 19, no. 1 (January 1995): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0097-8493(94)00126-j.

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Liu, P., Y. C. Li, W. Hu, and X. B. Ding. "Segmentation and Reconstruction of Buildings with Aerial Oblique Photography Point Clouds." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-7/W4 (June 26, 2015): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-7-w4-109-2015.

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Oblique photography technology as an excellent method for 3-D city model construction has brought itself to large-scale recognition and undeniable high social status. Tilt and vertical images with the high overlaps and different visual angles can produce a large number of dense matching point clouds data with spectral information. This paper presents a method of buildings reconstruction with stereo matching dense point clouds from aerial oblique images, which includes segmentation of buildings and reconstruction of building roofs. We summarize the characteristics of stereo matching point clouds from aerial oblique images and outline the problems with existing methods. Then we present the method for segmentation of building roofs, which based on colors and geometrical derivatives such as normal and curvature. Finally, a building reconstruction approach is developed based on the geometrical relationship. The experiment and analysis show that the methods are effective on building reconstruction with stereo matching point clouds from aerial oblique images.

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Liu, Yu. "Study on Reconstruction of Elevation Structural Shape for Historic Industrial Buildings in Chinese Civil Engineering." Advanced Materials Research 568 (September 2012): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.568.94.

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This paper studies the tactics for elevation reconstruction of which the purpose is to change the application function of the land occupied by historic industrial buildings during development and expansion of a city. During the well-targeted reconstruction process, reconstruction of the building elevations is especially important. for Chinese civil engineering This paper has analyzed the approaches for elevation reconstruction from several aspects and discussed the reconstruction execution tactics which is not only in line with the contextual features of the original building, but also reflects the new application function in Chinese civil engineering.

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Wang, Ying. "The Reconstruction and Update of Old Buildings in our Cities." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 1889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1889.

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Architecture is the important power in promoting the city evolvement in the update process hence the reasonable reconstruction and update of old buildings in the city is the vital method to realize city update. This paper will commence with the purpose of old building reconstruction and main reconstruction method. It also discusses how to explore the potential of old buildings to the maximum so as to endow it with vitality and life. In this sense, it can realize the organic renewable of old building as well as the sustainable development of the city.

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Ustinovičius, Leonas, and Sigitas Jakučionis. "APPLICATION OF MULTICRITERIA DECISION METHODS IN RESTORATION OF BUILDINGS IN THE OLD TOWN/DAUGIAKRITERINIŲ METODŲ TAIKYMAS VERTINANT SENAMIESČIO PASTATŲ RENOVACIJOS INVESTICINIUS PROJEKTUS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 6, no. 4 (August 31, 2000): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.2000.10531594.

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The largest part of old towns in Lithuania are to be regenerated. Sociological evaluation made in 1998 in Vilnius showed that the main problem of the Old Town are falling buildings. Nowadays investment into real estate is evaluated according to a single criterion. That's why it is so complicated to review the whole investment process. The object under investigation is the buildings in Vilnius Old Town. Condition of building constructions was evaluated. The location of building and possibilities of building usage are being€ evaluated also. Vilnius real estate market data was collected from Vilnius general plan. Values of building at various stages of reconstruction are calculated. There are 5 different alternatives of marketing. The scheme of building marketing is presented in Fig 2. There are schedules of the reconstruction work made (Figs 3 and 4). An estimation of different alternatives of building reconstruction is calculated (Table 3). Alternatives of building regeneration were evaluated in accordance with 14 criteria: profit of the project, life-time of building, price of the maintenance, perspectives of business, comfortability of building, price of building sale, insulation, possible losses because of accidents, cost of the building acquiring and reconstruction, location of building, price of the rent, term from the building acquiring till realisation, place for car parking and appearance. Decision matrix is presented in Table 4. Rationality of alternatives was calculated using TOPSIS method. Ranking of alternatives is presented in Table 5. We suppose that multi-criteria evaluation of the investment options creates new possibilities for investors and helps to choose the best variant of the building usage.

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Kaim, Dominik, Marcin Szwagrzyk, Monika Dobosz, Mateusz Troll, and Krzysztof Ostafin. "Mid-19th-century building structure locations in Galicia and Austrian Silesia under the Habsburg Monarchy." Earth System Science Data 13, no. 4 (April 27, 2021): 1693–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1693-2021.

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Abstract. We produced a reconstruction of mid-19th-century building structure locations in former Galicia and Austrian Silesia (parts of the Habsburg Monarchy), which are located in present-day Czechia, Poland, and Ukraine and cover more than 80 000 km2. Our reconstruction was based on a homogeneous series of detailed Second Military Survey maps (1:28 800) that were the result of a cadastral mapping (1:2880) generalization. The dataset consists of two types of building structures based on the original map legend – residential and outbuildings (mainly farm-related buildings). The dataset's accuracy was assessed quantitatively and qualitatively by using independent data sources and may serve as an important input in studying long-term socioeconomic processes and human–environmental interactions or as a valuable reference for continental settlement reconstructions. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.17632/md8jp9ny9z.2 (Kaim et al., 2020a).

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Тупикина and Olga Tupikina. "EXPERIENCE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF INVESTMENT CONSTRUCTION PROJECT OF RECONSTRUCTION OF LOW-RISE ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDINGS FOR SOCIAL HOUSING." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 2, no. 3 (April 4, 2017): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/24631.

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In the article the experience of implementation of investment construction project of reconstruction of low-rise administrative building for social housing in Borisovka. Presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the development of the Borisovka, highlighting are not used for its purpose buildings that must be reconstructed. For example, one administrative building, studied the economic and technical feasibility of reconstruction. Offered economic and technical solutions to optimize the reconstruction process.

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Xie, L., and R. Wang. "AUTOMATIC INDOOR BUILDING RECONSTRUCTION FROM MOBILE LASER SCANNING DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (September 12, 2017): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-417-2017.

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Indoor reconstruction from point clouds is a hot topic in photogrammetry, computer vision and computer graphics. Reconstructing indoor scene from point clouds is challenging due to complex room floorplan and line-of-sight occlusions. Most of existing methods deal with stationary terrestrial laser scanning point clouds or RGB-D point clouds. In this paper, we propose an automatic method for reconstructing indoor 3D building models from mobile laser scanning point clouds. The method includes 2D floorplan generation, 3D building modeling, door detection and room segmentation. The main idea behind our approach is to separate wall structure into two different types as the inner wall and the outer wall based on the observation of point distribution. Then we utilize a graph cut based optimization method to solve the labeling problem and generate the 2D floorplan based on the optimization result. Subsequently, we leverage an &alpha;-shape based method to detect the doors on the 2D projected point clouds and utilize the floorplan to segment the individual room. The experiments show that this door detection method can achieve a recognition rate at 97% and the room segmentation method can attain the correct segmentation results. We also evaluate the reconstruction accuracy on the synthetic data, which indicates the accuracy of our method is comparable to the state-of-the art.

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А. F. Osipov and D. R. Lyeka. "Socio-economic prerequisites for reconstruction of residential buildings of the first mass series." Ways to Improve Construction Efficiency, no. 45 (October 16, 2020): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2707-501x.2020.45.37-45.

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The article considers normative-legal, town-planning, technical and technological aspects of the problem of deployment of mass reconstruction and modernization of large-block residential buildings of the first mass series. Analysis and generalization of practical experience in the design and implementation of mass reconstruction of residential buildings of the first mass series in Ukraine and abroad shows that with the introduction of innovative approaches to the design of spatial planning and design solutions, application of modern and well-established technologies for their reconstruction economic, resource-saving, energy-saving, environmental protection and architectural and aesthetic benefits. The analysis of modern researches testifies to expediency of introduction of methods of reconstruction. An important aspect of mass reconstruction is the economic attractiveness for investors, this parameter is most widely discussed in this article. It is also important that the moral obsolescence of the building began much earlier than the physical, and the needs of people and the requirements for comfort increased significantly, which suggests the need for mass reconstruction of buildings of the first mass series. The condition for the deployment of mass reconstruction and modernization of large residential buildings of the first mass series is a comprehensive justification of its social, urban, regulatory and technological feasibility, as well as economic attractiveness for investors. This provision is taken as the task of this article. Analysis and generalization of normative-legal, social and technological aspects of reconstruction of large-block residential buildings of the first mass series and practical experience of designing and implementation of such reconstruction are accepted as the main research methods. On the example of the city of Chernivtsi the scheme of building of the city was developed and the percentage of building by buildings of the first mass series was calculated. This allows you to pay attention to the mass nature of the issue.

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Baďurová, Silvia, Jozef Jošt, Frantisek Bahleda, and Juraj Ďuďák. "Analysis of the Internal Insulation of Renovated Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 824 (January 2016): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.824.363.

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The trend in the new construction or renovation of buildings is based on reducing the energy demand of buildings. The required energy need for heating and provision of a satisfactory condition of the internal environment is determined by theoretical calculations. However, the fact that a building is energy efficient does not yet mean it is environmentally appropriate as well. Therefore, the environmental impact of building materials should also be assessed in their selection.The problem with restoring old buildings is to find the correct way how to restore the building while preserving its historical value. The paper presents an example of the reconstruction of the school building built in the year 1906. Reconstruction of the old building is a unique example of recovery. The modern and traditional techniques were used in the reconstruction. This is the first building in Slovakia, where is the front facade insulated with ecological materials (sheep wool, cork, cellulose, etc.) from the interior side and also utilization of alternative energy sources. Other parts of facade are insulated from the outside, with straw bales and wood fiber boards. Largely it has been preserving the original character of the building.Different types of wall structures are compared in theoretical evaluations. The criteria for the evaluation are the thermal resistance of construction (according to EU standards and norms), the weight of the wall and the environmental impact (according to OI3 methodology).

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Li, Z., W. Zhang, and J. Shan. "HOLISTIC PARAMETRIC RECONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING MODELS FROM POINT CLOUDS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2020 (August 12, 2020): 689–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2020-689-2020.

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Abstract. Building models are conventionally reconstructed by building roof points via planar segmentation and then using a topology graph to group the planes together. Roof edges and vertices are then mathematically represented by intersecting segmented planes. Technically, such solution is based on sequential local fitting, i.e., the entire data of one building are not simultaneously participating in determining the building model. As a consequence, the solution is lack of topological integrity and geometric rigor. Fundamentally different from this traditional approach, we propose a holistic parametric reconstruction method which means taking into consideration the entire point clouds of one building simultaneously. In our work, building models are reconstructed from predefined parametric (roof) primitives. We first use a well-designed deep neural network to segment and identify primitives in the given building point clouds. A holistic optimization strategy is then introduced to simultaneously determine the parameters of a segmented primitive. In the last step, the optimal parameters are used to generate a watertight building model in CityGML format. The airborne LiDAR dataset RoofN3D with predefined roof types is used for our test. It is shown that PointNet++ applied to the entire dataset can achieve an accuracy of 83% for primitive classification. For a subset of 910 buildings in RoofN3D, the holistic approach is then used to determine the parameters of primitives and reconstruct the buildings. The achieved overall quality of reconstruction is 0.08 meters for point-surface-distance or 0.7 times RMSE of the input LiDAR points. This study demonstrates the efficiency and capability of the proposed approach and its potential to handle large scale urban point clouds.

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Ilic-Martinovic, Olivera. "Research on the potential of traditional and contemporary family houses with the aim to create a low-energy house." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 14, no. 1 (2016): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace1601091i.

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The strategy of the research paper is to conduct analysis of buildings for individual housing from the aspect of promotion of energetically efficient buildings construction. With that as a goal, all key aspects essential for design, such as government regulative necessary to comply with when constructing and reconstructing a building, climate conditions of the given area necessary in planning the strategy of construction, the record of existing housing stock as well as cultural identity through heritage of traditional buildings, were analysed. Through analysis of a traditional building, a reference model of the existing housing stock and hypothetical model- newly designed building, via software for analysis of energetic performances, the conclusions have been made and practical guidelines were given in the reconstruction of the existing and construction of new buildings based on tested scientific proofs. The work is focused on investigation and application of the elements of traditional architecture with a goal to improve energetic performances of new and existing buildings.

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Bilanič, Miroslav, Karel Kubečka, and Pavel Vlček. "Application of Risk Analysis for Building Evaluation." Advanced Materials Research 1020 (October 2014): 879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.879.

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For evaluation of technical condition of the buildings their constructions, you can use the methods of risk analysis. These methods may be used for pricing building and construction, depending on their condition, age and use During the subsequent design of the reconstruction or rehabilitation must always consider the scope and extent of the selected type of reconstruction in relation to the potential of harm (physical and financial). In the paper is applied to building assessment the method of universal matrix of risk analysis (UMRA).

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Субботин, Игнат, Ignat Subbotin, Виталий Субботин, Vitaliy Subbotin, Анатолий Субботин, and Anatoliy Subbotin. "Geotechnical investigation in analysis The possibility of reconstruction of buildings on the example of buildings studios on krasnoarmeyskaya street. 94 / Ostrovsky str. 92 in Rostov-on-Don." Construction and Architecture 2, no. 2 (April 6, 2014): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5680.

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This article focuses on the role of geotechnical studies in the analysis of the possibility of reconstruction of buildings and structures. Geotechnical monitoring - a range of activities in order to determine the actual state of supporting and building envelope building when reconstruction or repair. This set of measures to control, testing and evaluation of the technical state of con-constructions, holding that due to the need to determine their performance, identify defects and their causes, forecasting further safe operation of buildings and structures. Based on the survey data and of engineering and geological studies, experts can make decisions about the possibility of redevelopment of the building, its possible add-ins, or simply strengthen building structures for the continued safe operation of the facility. This article describes the complex geotechnical studies on the example of building a film studio on the street. Red Army, 94 / str. Ostrowski, 92 in Rostov-on-Don. According to the results of the survey were identified and described the characteristic defects and describes their causes. Made The analysis of the technical condition of the building and the possibility of its reconstruction.

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Zhang, Yongjun, Wangshan Yang, Xinyi Liu, Yi Wan, Xianzhang Zhu, and Yuhui Tan. "Unsupervised Building Instance Segmentation of Airborne LiDAR Point Clouds for Parallel Reconstruction Analysis." Remote Sensing 13, no. 6 (March 17, 2021): 1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061136.

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Efficient building instance segmentation is necessary for many applications such as parallel reconstruction, management and analysis. However, most of the existing instance segmentation methods still suffer from low completeness, low correctness and low quality for building instance segmentation, which are especially obvious for complex building scenes. This paper proposes a novel unsupervised building instance segmentation (UBIS) method of airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds for parallel reconstruction analysis, which combines a clustering algorithm and a novel model consistency evaluation method. The proposed method first divides building point clouds into building instances by the improved kd tree 2D shared nearest neighbor clustering algorithm (Ikd-2DSNN). Then, the geometric feature of the building instance is obtained using the model consistency evaluation method, which is used to determine whether the building instance is a single building instance or a multi-building instance. Finally, for multiple building instances, the improved kd tree 3D shared nearest neighbor clustering algorithm (Ikd-3DSNN) is used to divide multi-building instances again to improve the accuracy of building instance segmentation. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed UBIS method obtained good performances for various buildings in different scenes such as high-rise building, podium buildings and a residential area with detached houses. A comparative analysis confirms that the proposed UBIS method performed better than state-of-the-art methods.

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Shahzad, M., and X. X. Zhu. "RECONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING FOOTPRINTS USING SPACEBORNE TOMOSAR POINT CLOUDS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-3/W5 (August 20, 2015): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-3-w5-385-2015.

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This paper presents an approach that automatically (but parametrically) reconstructs 2-D/3-D building footprints using 3-D synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) point clouds. These point clouds are generated by processing SAR image stacks via SAR tomographic inversion. The proposed approach reconstructs the building outline by exploiting both the roof and façade points. Initial building footprints are derived by applying the alpha shapes method on pre-segmented point clusters of individual buildings. A recursive angular deviation based refinement is then carried out to obtain refined/smoothed 2-D polygonal boundaries. A robust fusion framework then fuses the information pertaining to building façades to the smoothed polygons. Afterwards, a rectilinear building identification procedure is adopted and constraints are added to yield geometrically correct and visually aesthetic building shapes. The proposed approach is illustrated and validated using TomoSAR point clouds generated from a stack of TerraSAR-X high-resolution spotlight images from ascending orbit covering approximately 1.5 km2 area in the city of Berlin, Germany.

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Sajadian, M., and H. Arefi. "A DATA DRIVEN METHOD FOR BUILDING RECONSTRUCTION FROM LiDAR POINT CLOUDS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-2/W3 (October 22, 2014): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-2-w3-225-2014.

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Airborne laser scanning, commonly referred to as LiDAR, is a superior technology for three-dimensional data acquisition from Earth's surface with high speed and density. Building reconstruction is one of the main applications of LiDAR system which is considered in this study. For a 3D reconstruction of the buildings, the buildings points should be first separated from the other points such as; ground and vegetation. In this paper, a multi-agent strategy has been proposed for simultaneous extraction and segmentation of buildings from LiDAR point clouds. Height values, number of returned pulse, length of triangles, direction of normal vectors, and area are five criteria which have been utilized in this step. Next, the building edge points are detected using a new method named "Grid Erosion". A RANSAC based technique has been employed for edge line extraction. Regularization constraints are performed to achieve the final lines. Finally, by modelling of the roofs and walls, 3D building model is reconstructed. The results indicate that the proposed method could successfully extract the building from LiDAR data and generate the building models automatically. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of the proposed method is then provided.

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Xi, Hui, Wan Jun Hou, Feng Ming Sun, and Sheng Yan Zhang. "Research on Energy-Saving Reconstruction for Office Building in Cold Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 443 (October 2013): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.443.235.

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In China public buildings generally excessive energy consumption, including office building is the largest amount. The research, which is about office building energy consumption situation of cold region of China has built, analyzes the main way to achieve energy-saving, mainly including the building envelope structure, heating and air conditioning systems, lighting and electrical system, etc..

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Bruseker, G., A. Guillem, and N. Carboni. "Semantically Documenting Virtual Reconstruction: Building a Path to Knowledge Provenance." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-5/W3 (August 11, 2015): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-5-w3-33-2015.

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The outcomes of virtual reconstructions of archaeological monuments are not just images for aesthetic consumption but rather present a scholarly argument and decision making process. They are based on complex chains of reasoning grounded in primary and secondary evidence that enable a historically probable whole to be reconstructed from the partial remains left in the archaeological record. This paper will explore the possibilities for documenting and storing in an information system the phases of the reasoning, decision and procedures that a modeler, with the support of an archaeologist, uses during the virtual reconstruction process and how they can be linked to the reconstruction output. The goal is to present a documentation model such that the foundations of evidence for the reconstructed elements, and the reasoning around them, are made not only explicit and interrogable but also can be updated, extended and reused by other researchers in future work. Using as a case-study the reconstruction of a kitchen in a Roman domus in Grand, we will examine the necessary documentation requirements, and the capacity to express it using semantic technologies. For our study we adopt the CIDOC-CRM ontological model, and its extensions CRMinf, CRMBa and CRMgeo as a starting point for modelling the arguments and relations.

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Vrbka, Jaromir, Tomas Krulicky, Tomas Brabenec, and Jan Hejda. "Determining the Increase in a Building’s Appreciation Rate Due to a Reconstruction." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 17, 2020): 7690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187690.

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The reconstruction of buildings generally prolongs their useful life, increases their utility value, and last but not least, leads to an increase in their value. These assumptions only apply if an independent third party reaches the same conclusion together with the owner. However, the undesirable effect of the reconstruction of a building may be a decrease in its value. The aim of this contribution is to determine the change in value of an older sample building assessed in the included case study as a result of its reconstruction. Valuation methods are applied, which, as it turns out, reveal the inaccuracy of the subjective view of the person who reconstructed the building. The resulting change in the value of the sample building is discussed from the point of view of the applied valuation methods and other value-creating aspects (subjective view of the owner on the value of the building, historical value of the building, etc.). The contribution concludes with recommendations for maximizing the increase in value of a property through its reconstruction so as to eliminate the risk of a decrease in its value.

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Zhu, Q., W. Jiang, and J. Zhang. "FEATURE LINE BASED BUILDING DETECTION AND RECONSTRUCTION FROM OBLIQUE AIRBORNE IMAGERY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-4/W5 (May 12, 2015): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-4-w5-199-2015.

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In this paper, a feature line based method for building detection and reconstruction from oblique airborne imagery is presented. With the development of Multi-View Stereo technology, increasing photogrammetric softwares are provided to generate textured meshes from oblique airborne imagery. However, errors in image matching and mesh segmentation lead to the low geometrical accuracy of building models, especially at building boundaries. To simplify massive meshes and construct accurate 3D building models, we integrate multi-view images and meshes by using feature lines, in which contour lines are used for building detection and straight skeleton for building reconstruction. Firstly, through the contour clustering method, buildings can be quickly and robustly detected from meshes. Then, a feature preserving mesh segmentation method is applied to accurately extract 3D straight skeleton from meshes. Finally, straight feature lines derived from multi-view images are used to rectify inaccurate parts of 3D straight skeleton of buildings. Therefore, low quality model can be refined by the accuracy improvement of mesh feature lines and rectification with feature lines of multi-view images. The test dataset in Zürich is provided by ISPRS/EuroSDR initiative Benchmark on High Density Image Matching for DSM Computation. The experiments reveal that the proposed method can obtain convincing and high quality 3D building models from oblique airborne imagery.

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E. Zyma, O., E. V. Dyachenko, R. I. Pahomov, and S. M. Zhyhylii. "Works execution organization at reconstruction and renovation of buildings after the fire with usage of slabs lifting method." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.23 (April 20, 2018): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.11951.

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Works execution organization at reconstruction and renovation of residential and public buildings after the fire for embedded systems with usage of slabs lifting method at restrained urban conditions were considered. The paper suggests usage features of the slabs lifting method at building reconstruction conditions after the fire. The technology of reconstruction with the usage of slabs lifting method allows to practically refuse the use of lifting cranes and to reduce significantly (up to 50%) the required building area compared with the lifting crane construction methods of embedded structures. It allows to perform the reconstruction without restriction of traffic on adjoining streets and to perform construction in restrained urban conditions.

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Xue, Yun, and Xiao Jing Wang. "Energy-Saving Renovation Research of Existing Residential Buildings in Northern." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.252.

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Energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings in northern is a systematic project, including the main content of energy-saving renovation project system research of existing residential buildings –“energy-saving reconstruction of building enclosure structure , building indoor heating system measurement and temperature regulation reform ".

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Karakova, Tat'yana Vladimirovna, and Ekaterina Vladimirovna Ryzhikova. "THE RELEVANCE OF THE RECONSTRUCTION THAT CHOOSES INDUSTRIAL DWELLINGS OF THE 60-IES IN RUSSIA." Urban construction and architecture 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2014): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2014.01.6.

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In Russia today, 60 to 80 % are residential buildings Industrial buildings 60s, received a popular name Khrushchevka, prett y simple massive structures that serve prett y houses for thousands of people. But the high degree of moral and physical deterioration of buildings, lack of budget funds to replace them with a new comfortable accommodation causes att ention of architects and designers to the problem of reconstructing the industrial housing. Today, thanks to modern technology and materials, it is possible to carry out reconstruction activities in order to extend the life of residential areas of the industrial building 60s and give them a new look.

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Guo, Rui, Fan Wang, Bo Zang, GuoBin Jing, and Mengdao Xing. "High-Rise Building 3D Reconstruction with the Wrapped Interferometric Phase." Sensors 19, no. 6 (March 23, 2019): 1439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19061439.

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The great development of high-resolution SAR system gives more opportunities to observe building structures in detail, especially the advanced interferometric SAR (InSAR), which techniques attract more attention on exploiting useful information on urban infrastructures. Considering that the high-rise buildings in urban areas are quite common in big cities, it is of great importance to retrieve the three-dimension (3D) information of the urban high-rise buildings in urban remote sensing applications. In this paper, the 3D reconstruction of high-rise buildings using the wrapped InSAR phase image was studied, referring to the geometric modulation in very high resolution (VHR) SAR images, such as serious layover cause by high-rise buildings. Under the assumption of a rectangular shape, the high-rise buildings were detected and building façades were extracted based on the local frequency analysis of the layover fringe patterns. Then 3D information of buildings were finally extracted according to the detected façade geometry. Except for testing on a small urban area from the TanDEM-X data, the experiment carried on the single-pass InSAR wrapped phase in the wide urban scene, which was collected by the Chinese airborne N-SAR system, also demonstrated the possibility and applicability of the approach.

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Grigorenko, A., and D. Gandilyan. "Basic Stages of Reconstruction in Building." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/54/40.

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The reconstruction of buildings and their stages are considered. The process is aimed at changing the characteristics of the structure, its layout and purpose. This is a complex procedure that requires a certain amount of time and training to complete it. It is necessary to take into account all the factors that can affect it, to prepare and implement the project itself.

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Kenny, Sue. "Reconstruction in Aceh: Building whose capacity?" Community Development Journal 42, no. 2 (August 22, 2005): 206–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsi098.

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Onyejekwe, Chineze J. "Women, War, Peace-building and Reconstruction." International Social Science Journal 57, no. 184 (June 2005): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2451.2005.550.x.

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Horna, S., D. Meneveaux, G. Damiand, and Y. Bertrand. "Consistency constraints and 3D building reconstruction." Computer-Aided Design 41, no. 1 (January 2009): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2008.11.006.

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Krutov, V. I., and A. S. Kovalev. "Soil compaction in industrial building reconstruction." Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering 23, no. 6 (November 1986): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01716685.

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Jalil, Zahraa Ali, Hafeth I. Naji, and Mohammed Shihab Mahmood. "Developing Sustainable Alternatives from Destroyed Buildings Waste for Reconstruction Projects." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091453.

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This paper examines the huge destruction that has taken place in some cities of Iraq due to the terrorist acts in recent years that led to the destruction of many buildings. It examines some of the factors that encourage the use of residues of these buildings in reconstruction processes, especially the sustainability factor, so that some residues of these buildings can be used as substitutes for natural building materials and find a difference in terms of energy consumption in the case of using natural building materials and again in the case of using the proposed alternatives. In this study, three alternatives were used: 10% recycled fine aggregates (RFA), 100% RFA, and crushed clay brick aggregate (CCBA) to produce recycled coarse aggregates. The results obtained through the use of building information modeling (BIM) technology were compared with the actual consumption of the building in the case of reconstruction using natural building materials. The simulation results were comparable to real data. They were analyzed in terms of the energy consumption life cycle and annual carbon emissions for each alternative. The best alternative was selected from the results obtained from BIM. The best alternative was found in the use of CCBA in the production of concrete roofs and floors. His final model is that the energy consumption was five times lower than the original unit, while the results of carbon emissions were equal as for the electricity consumption decreased from 23,500 kW/h to less than 23,000 kW/h.

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Souček, Jiří, and Petra Tichá. "Modeling Interior Environment of Historical Building and Determination of Critical Places for Application of Nanotextiles Protection." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 1141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.1141.

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Reconstruction of internal plaster in historical buildings belongs to significant and obvious treatment in a landmark area that helps protect irreplaceable cultural resources. Original form of historical buildings has been usually altered over time and alterations are an important part of the building's history. These interventions don ́t often respect the basic function of interior. Results of these changes cause plaster and painting decay, slow air flow and higher air moisture concentration. Computer simulation plays major role in determining places where is necessary to apply surface protection that will preserve the valuable interior surface against negative influences such as high level of moisture, fungus, chemical reactions etc. Abatement of negative influences within historic buildings requires particular care if important historic finishes are not to be adversely affected. Reconstruction of historical interiors should be designed to minimize visual changes to a historic building. Choosing the most appropriate treatment for a historical building requires careful decision making about using of appropriate material for renovation. Using of nanofibers should be minimal modifications to the historic appearance and protect from negative influences.

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Awrangjeb, Mohammad, Syed Gilani, and Fasahat Siddiqui. "An Effective Data-Driven Method for 3-D Building Roof Reconstruction and Robust Change Detection." Remote Sensing 10, no. 10 (September 21, 2018): 1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10101512.

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Three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of building roofs can be an essential prerequisite for 3-D building change detection, which is important for detection of informal buildings or extensions and for update of 3-D map database. However, automatic 3-D roof reconstruction from the remote sensing data is still in its development stage for a number of reasons. For instance, there are difficulties in determining the neighbourhood relationships among the planes on a complex building roof, locating the step edges from point cloud data often requires additional information or may impose constraints, and missing roof planes attract human interaction and often produces high reconstruction errors. This research introduces a new 3-D roof reconstruction technique that constructs an adjacency matrix to define the topological relationships among the roof planes. It identifies any missing planes through an analysis using the 3-D plane intersection lines between adjacent planes. Then, it generates new planes to fill gaps of missing planes. Finally, it obtains complete building models through insertion of approximate wall planes and building floor. The reported research in this paper then uses the generated building models to detect 3-D changes in buildings. Plane connections between neighbouring planes are first defined to establish relationships between neighbouring planes. Then, each building in the reference and test model sets is represented using a graph data structure. Finally, the height intensity images, and if required the graph representations, of the reference and test models are directly compared to find and categorise 3-D changes into five groups: new, unchanged, demolished, modified and partially-modified planes. Experimental results on two Australian datasets show high object- and pixel-based accuracy in terms of completeness, correctness, and quality for both 3-D roof reconstruction and change detection techniques. The proposed change detection technique is robust to various changes including addition of a new veranda to or removal of an existing veranda from a building and increase of the height of a building.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Reconstruction of the building'

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