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1

Hoss, PhD, CTRS, FACHE, FDRT, Mary Ann Keogh. "Recreational therapy workforce: An update." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 18, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2019.0191.

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This article explores why there is a decline in the growth rate of recreational therapy while there are substantial increases in other therapy professions and recreation workers. The growth numbers of the recreational therapy profession are at a normal growth rate of 7 percent for all occupations according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The growth rate from the Occupational Handbook for 2010-2011 projected a growth rate of 15 percent. The growth rates for occupational therapy, “therapists, all others” and recreation workers are higher than recreational therapy projected by BLS at 20 percent or higher. Possible considerations as to causes for this change in growth are proposed.
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2

Kim, MS, Junhyoung, Michelle King, MS, CTRS, and Junsurk Park, MS. "Culturally competent recreation therapy: Individualism and collectivism." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2009): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2009.0010.

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To provide effective recreational therapy for clients who have collectivistic cultural values and beliefs, recreational therapists need to recognize cultural differences and understand how each cultural background affects a client’s health beliefs and behaviors. The goal of this article is to examine different cultural perspectives to improve cultural competence of recreational therapists to provide more effective recreation programs for clients who have collectivistic cultural values and beliefs. This article represents three basic different frameworks: the meaning of self; cultural meanings of happiness; and the relationship between therapists and clients.
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3

Richeson, PhD, CTRS, Nancy E. "Recreational therapy education." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 13, no. 3 (February 12, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2014.0073.

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4

Stockhecke, MS, Timothy J., Heewon Yang, PhD, CTRS, and Marjorie J. Malkin, EdD, CTRS. "Effects of recreational therapy for youth in a secured substance abuse treatment program: An exploratory study." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2012.0019.

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The purpose of the study was to examine if a recreational therapy program decreased substance craving scores among youth at a juvenile detention center. Existing data from three male and three female youths’ craving scores, recorded before and after four recreation therapy interventions per week, were used to obtain the results of the two research questions over an 8-week period. This secured substance abuse treatment program utilized the Craving Identification Management (CIM) model. The craving scores identified by the youth prior to and following all of the recreational therapy activities were analyzed through descriptive statistics to determine the effectiveness of recreation therapy (RT). Results of the research project indicated that recreational therapy may be an effective intervention for lowering the craving scores of youth in a secured substance abuse treatment program.
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Adams, PhD, CTRS, C-IAYT, Em V., and Jason Page, MS, CTRS, Master CASAC. "Recreational therapy, complex trauma, and social identity." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 19, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2020.0219.

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The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the connection between complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) and social identity, and describe the implications for recreational therapists. C-PTSD occurs when someone, typically a child, is exposed to multiple and varied traumatic events, or endures chronic exposure to the same traumatic event. This can lead to difficulty forming an individual identity and difficulty with forming attachments, making it challenging to identify with particular social groups. Because recreation and leisure is often a context where identity is formed, recreational therapists are in a position to holistically approach the treatment of C-PTSD using leisure and recreation to strengthen people’s sense of self as well as their sense of belonging to particular groups.
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Adams, PhD, CTRS, C-IAYT, Em V., and Jason Page, MS, CTRS, Master CASAC. "Recreational therapy, complex trauma, and social identity." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 20, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2021.0240.

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The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the connection between complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) and social identity, and describe the implications for recreational therapists. C-PTSD occurs when someone, typically a child, is exposed to multiple and varied traumatic events, or endures chronic exposure to the same traumatic event. This can lead to difficulty forming an individual identity and difficulty with forming attachments, making it challenging to identify with particular social groups. Because recreation and leisure is often a context where identity is formed, recreational therapists are in a position to holistically approach the treatment of C-PTSD using leisure and recreation to strengthen people’s sense of self as well as their sense of belonging to particular groups.
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7

Kemeny, PhD, CTRS, M. Elizabeth, Deborah Hutchins, EdD, FDRT, CTRS, and Colleen A. Cooke, EdD, CTRS, CLL. "Current status of assessment in recreational therapy practice." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 15, no. 4 (February 12, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2016.0115.

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Client assessment is the basis for program planning and implementation in recreational therapy. It is through the assessment process that individualized goals and objectives are formulated. Entry-level professionals must be proficient in the assessment process and have knowledge about various assessment tools. The purpose of this project was to conduct a survey of practicing Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialists to determine what is current practice in terms of recreational therapy assessment across settings. It was hoped that this project would advance recreational therapy by informing educators and aiding current practitioners in their efforts to identify and use reliable and valid assessment tools in their practice setting.
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Richeson, PhD, CTRS, FDRT, Nancy E., and Angie Sardina, MS, CTRS. "Recreational therapy competencies for working with older adults." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 15, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2016.0104.

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This article explores the work of the American Therapeutic Recreation Association's (ATRA's) Geriatric Treatment Network (GTN). For the past 4 years, the GTN has worked to develop recreational therapy competencies for older adults based on recommendations from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, which stated that the existing workforce was ill equipped to meet the needs of an aging America. Industry-wide competencies developed by the Association for Gerontology and Higher Education (AGHE) and the Partnership for Health in Aging (PHA) are highlighted as necessary knowledge needed for a trained workforce. To adequately meet the needs of older adults, the recreational therapist is encouraged to find resources and educational opportunities to implement industry-wide and recreational therapy competencies.
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Kim, MS, Junhyoung, and Donna Lozano, MEd, CTRS. "Assessments for East Asian clients: Culturally competent recreational therapy." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 8, no. 3 (July 1, 2009): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2009.0017.

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Recreational therapists who have developed a level of understanding and awareness of other cultural norms, specifically East Asian cultural norms, will be better prepared to accurately interpret assessment results, to establish a treatment plan, and to implement the therapeutic recreation process within a recreational therapy setting. These therapists are more likely to provide effective healthcare services which will enhance the quality their clients’ lives. In addition, the development of assessment processes that take into consideration the therapist’s own cultural identity as well as the patient’s cultural orientation, primary language, level of acculturation, acculturation stress, level of functioning, family relationships, support systems and concepts, and definitions of health, disease, healthcare utilization, and healing are necessary to foster successful therapeutic relationships and recreational interventions with East Asian clients.
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10

Cohen, H. M. "RECREATIONAL THERAPY IN ITALY." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 5, no. 4 (November 12, 2008): 403–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1963.tb05049.x.

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11

Kunstler, ReD, CTRS, Robin. "Book review." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 12, no. 4 (August 24, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2013.0058.

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12

Fox, BS, Nicole Christine, and David P. Loy, PhD, CTRS/LRT. "Observational Play Assessment in Recreational Therapy (OPART): A case study for the validation of assessments in recreational therapy." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2019.0180.

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As a growing occupation, it is critical that recreational therapy (RT) assessments are evaluated to provide evidence of the effectiveness of treatment. This study analyzed the interrater reliability, convergent validity, and predictive validity of a new RT Assessment, the Observational Play Assessment in Recreational Therapy (OPART). The assessment was designed to provide the opportunity to assess levels of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social skills of children with developmental disabilities while observed in play settings. Reliability and validity evidence was generated through the comparison of the OPART to an established assessment used in RT, the Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy. Results suggested the OPART had some very preliminary psychometric evidence. While promising, it is clear that significant development and validation is further indicated. The more important value of this article may be its’ use as a model of ways to validate new RT assessments in the field.
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13

Schwebel, David C., and Carl M. Brezausek. "Child Development and Pediatric Sport and Recreational Injuries by Age." Journal of Athletic Training 49, no. 6 (December 1, 2014): 780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.41.

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Context: In 2010, 8.6 million children were treated for unintentional injuries in American emergency departments. Child engagement in sports and recreation offers many health benefits but also exposure to injury risks. In this analysis, we consider possible developmental risk factors in a review of age, sex, and incidence of 39 sport and recreational injuries. Objective: To assess (1) how the incidence of 39 sport and recreational injuries changed through each year of child and adolescent development, ages 1 to 18 years, and (2) sex differences. Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting: Emergency department visits across the United States, as reported in the 2001–2008 National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database. Patients or Other Participants: Data represent population-wide emergency department visits in the United States. Main Outcome Measure(s) Pediatric sport- and recreation-related injuries requiring treatment in hospital emergency departments. Results: Almost 37 pediatric sport or recreational injuries are treated hourly in the United States. The incidence of sport- and recreation-related injuries peaks at widely different ages. Team-sport injuries tend to peak in the middle teen years, playground injuries peak in the early elementary ages and then drop off slowly, and bicycling injuries peak in the preteen years but are a common cause of injury throughout childhood and adolescence. Bowling injuries peaked at the earliest age (4 years), and injuries linked to camping and personal watercraft peaked at the oldest age (18 years). The 5 most common causes of sport and recreational injuries across development, in order, were basketball, football, bicycling, playgrounds, and soccer. Sex disparities were common in the incidence of pediatric sport and recreational injuries. Conclusions: Both biological and sociocultural factors likely influence the developmental aspects of pediatric sport and recreational injury risk. Biologically, changes in perception, cognition, and motor control might influence injury risk. Socioculturally, decisions must be made about which sport and recreational activities to engage in and how much risk taking occurs while engaging in those activities. Understanding the developmental aspects of injury data trends allows preventionists to target education at specific groups.
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14

Smith, MS, Rachel L., and Marieke Van Puymbroeck, PhD, CTRS. "Including children with autism spectrum disorders in recreation activities." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 10, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2011.0026.

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Children with autism often have difficulty being socially integrated in recreation settings. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of the Active Participation and Social Integration (APASI) model as a tool for recreational therapists to use to increase active participation in recreation activities for children with autism. Using an exploratory singlesubject design, researchers explored if the APASI approach increased on-task behavior in three children with autism while participating in an integrated recreation activity. On-task behavior increased in this population. Implications for recreational therapy research and practice are discussed.
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15

Dawson, PhD, CTRS, Shay. "Book review." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2022.0256.

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Therapeutic Recreation Processes and Techniques: Evidence-Based Recreational Therapy, 8th Edition, by David R. Austin, PhD, FDRT, FALS. Champaign, Illinois: Sagamore Venture Publishing, 2018, 582 pages.
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16

McCormick, PhD, CTRS, FDRT, FALS, Bryan P., and David R. Austin, PhD, FDRT, FALS. "Behavioral activation and recreational therapy." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 17, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2018.0170.

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Behavioral activation (BA) is an evidence-based brief and effective treatment for depression. This article explains BA, its procedures, and its relationship to recreational therapy (RT). According to BA theory, depression leads to lives reduced in ability to gain rewards from the environment. BA aims to activate clients to engage in activities that increase rewards, reduce negativity, and improve subjective well-being (SWB). This approach is consistent with RT practice, and expressly identified in Austin’s Health Protection/Health Promotion Model. BA has been shown to be effective in clinical depression programs across age groups, as well as in other diagnoses including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and substance use disorder. The basic BA orientation of engaging in activity and resumption of a pleasing and meaningful experiences is highly consistent with RT practice, and BA should be a tool in the RT modalities toolbox.
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17

Jones, Richard D., T. Hugh Jones, and Kevin S. Channer. "Replacement therapy, not recreational tonic." Nature 432, no. 7016 (November 2004): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/432439a.

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18

Kensinger, PhD, CTRS, Kari, Sabrina Bates, BS, Sarah Breuer, BS, Erin Johnson, BS, Kylie Rhode, BS, and Deanne Webber, BS. "The benefits of aquatic therapy as determined by a Pairwise Thematic Content Analysis of the peer-reviewed journals in therapeutic recreation." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 16, no. 4 (March 5, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2017.0143.

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Aquatic therapy is an intervention commonly used by recreational therapists. This study used a pairwise content analysis of the American Journal of Recreation Therapy, the American Therapeutic Recreation Association's Annual in Therapeutic Recreation, and the Therapeutic Recreation Journal from 2003-2014 in order to determine the benefits of aquatic therapy. Many articles reviewed used a repeated measure analysis, or pre- and post-test evaluation to measure physiological benefits, leisure satisfaction, quality of life, self-efficacy, and pain. The three most common populations studied include: arthritis, autism spectrum disorder, and multiple sclerosis.
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19

Austin, David R., and Bryan P. McCormick. "Distance education in therapeutic recreation/recreational therapy in the United States." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 23, no. 1 (March 11, 2024): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.0281.

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Distance education (DE) today is a growing phenomenon in American colleges and universities, almost exclusively in the form of online courses. With the rapid development of DE, it has become a burgeoning force within college and university therapeutic recreation/recreational therapy (TR/RT) programs, at a time that there has been a decline in TR/RT professional preparation programs. DE is certainly a timely and important topic for the TR/RT profession. Yet, the development of DE in TR/RT has been largely neglected in the literature of TR/RT. Within this article, the evolution of DE in TR/RT is traced, and ramifications resulting from the developments of DE in TR/RT are considered.
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20

Gene Iven, Val. "RECREATIONAL DRUGS." Clinics in Sports Medicine 17, no. 2 (April 1998): 245–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70079-x.

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21

Bernhardt, Donna B. "Recreational Resources." Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics 4, no. 3 (January 1985): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j006v04n03_11.

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22

Austin, PhD, FDRT, FALS, David R. "Chronic conditions, lifestyle medicine, and recreational therapy." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2022.0251.

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Lifestyle medicine is a relatively new and emerging discipline within the practice of medicine dedicated to using lifestyle changes in the prevention, management, and reversal of chronic diseases. Information on lifestyle medicine has not appeared in the literature of recreational therapy. Recreational therapists need to understand lifestyle medicine because recreational therapy practice is closely tied to lifestyle medicine. This article is about chronic conditions and the recently established discipline of lifestyle medicine as they relate to the delivery of recreational therapy services. It is concluded that the recreational therapy profession should make itself known to those in the lifestyle medicine community and take a rightful place in the movement to prevent, manage, and reverse chronic diseases by assisting clients to engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors.
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Parker, Jean. "Lourdes Pilgrimage from Burton House, 1984." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 48, no. 8 (August 1985): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802268504800805.

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Burton House is a geriatric unit with a purpose-built recreation unit, providing adult education facilities and daily time-tabled recreational facilities for long-stay patients. The recreation unit is an offshoot of the occupational therapy department with an activities organizer, a music therapist and an occupational therapy helper who work, along with others, to extend the role of diversional therapy with the elderly. This article is an example of the work that is being achieved to improve the quality of life for long-stay patients.
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Hoss, PhD, CTRS, FACHE, FDRT, Mary Ann Keogh. "The recreational therapy work force: One county’s view." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2012.0033.

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The Occupational Outlook Handbook for 2010-2011 edition states a growth rate of approximately 15 percent for recreational therapists throughout the country through 2018. This article explores the growth rate examining one county in one state. Washington State was chosen because data for four therapist types, occupational, physical, recreational, and speech were available to view and compare. Information regarding various aspects of employment for recreational therapists is examined. Estimated occupational employment for 2018 for recreational therapists in Washington State and Spokane County are included with a comparison for occupational employment of physical, occupational, and speech therapists in the same state and county. Both the state and county projections for the growth rate for recreational therapists are above 15 percent.
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Russoniello, PhD, LRT, LPC, BCB, BCN, Carmen V., Matthew Fish, MS, LRT, BCB, Tami Maes, MS, LRT, LPC, BCB, Holly Paton, BS, CTRS, and Ruth-Ann Styron, BS, LRT. "The use of biofeedback in recreational therapy practice." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2013.0041.

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The purpose of this article is to provide a brief history of biofeedback and a review its use as a clinical intervention in recreational therapy. Several specific biofeedback modalities; electromyography, electrodermal response, electroencephalography, and skin temperature biofeedback techniques will be discussed in terms of recreational therapy practice to demonstrate biofeedback’s usefulness in a variety of settings where recreational therapists currently practice. Criteria for becoming board certified in biofeedback and neuro-feedback as well as recommendations for inclusion of biofeedback and stress management course work into recreational therapy curriculum are presented.
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Sorensen, Beth. "Improving functional outcomes with recreational therapy." Case Manager 10, no. 5 (September 1999): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1061-9259(99)80061-7.

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27

Greenfield, Brian J., and Julie Senecal. "Recreational multifamily therapy for troubled children." American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 65, no. 3 (1995): 434–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0079696.

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28

Gordon, Mary D. "Pediatric Recreational Therapy after Thermal Injury." Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation 8, no. 4 (July 1987): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004630-198707000-00026.

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Hoss, PhD, CTRS, FACHE, FDRT, Mary Ann Keogh, and Kari Kensinger, PhD, CTRS. "Medical Home: Is there a place for recreational therapy?" American Journal of Recreation Therapy 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2010): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2010.0010.

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The purpose of this article is to explore the role of recreational therapy within a medical home model. Medical home is a movement to manage the care of individuals with complex and chronic health needs through their primary care physician and the physician’s team. The concepts of medical home are discussed. These concepts are the same as those on which recreational therapists have been trained. This article demonstrates the various ways in which recreational therapists can meet the challenges posed by serving individuals with chronic disease.The medical home model provides a rare opportunity for recreational therapists to combine clinical skills with community skills to meet the needs of those individuals in the community with chronic and complex needs. This article demonstrates that recreational therapists are already engaged and invested in this model. What is lacking is the promotion of skills and services of the recreational therapists to market and communicate this to primary care providers.
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De Vries, DHA, MPA, CTRS, Dawn. "Regulatory requirements for recreational therapy in nursing homes." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 13, no. 1 (February 12, 2017): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2014.0063.

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More recreational therapists than ever are practicing in long-term care and skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). Despite this increase in recreational therapists working in SNFs, there continues to be significant confusion about regulatory requirements, as well as practice and coverage issues. This article intends to provide information on regulatory, coverage, and practice issues related to recreational therapy in nursing homes.
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Dao, MS, CTRS/L, Brittany, Tim Passmore, EdD, CTRS/L, FDRT, and Donna Lindenmeier, PhD. "A parent’s perception of the impact of recreational therapy on their child’s quality of life with cerebral palsy: A case study." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 21, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2022.0255.

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There is a need for research centered around recreational therapy, cerebral palsy (CP), and quality of life (QOL). This study focused on one parent’s perceptions of their child’s QOL with spastic CP before and after receiving recreational therapy treatment. The PedsQL™ Infant Scales was utilized for this study in a pretest/post-test case report. Data were collected from the participant at a health center in Stillwater, Oklahoma. The data collected determined that the parent did perceive an improvement in QOL of their child with CP after receiving recreational therapy treatment. There is a minimal research in the specific areas of recreational therapy for CP and the effect that recreational therapy has on a child’s QOL with CP; however, this study helps build the foundation for future studies.
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Dagenhard-Trainer, Paige, and Jennifer Hinton. "Perceived skill preparation in recreational therapy: A preliminary case report." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 23, no. 1 (March 11, 2024): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.0282.

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In 2018, the American Therapeutic Recreation Association Higher Education Task Force reported the need for recreational therapy students to gain more practical and applicable knowledge and skills. To improve a perceived gap in skills, Western Carolina University added four service-learning labs for practicing the assessment, planning, implementation, evaluation, and documentation process and six modality courses to their curriculum. Preliminary results indicated that significant differences in perceived skills were found for two courses, and qualitative indicators were that students felt more confident in several facilitation and behavioral management techniques.
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Kapur, Anand. "Headache - Recreational Weightlifter." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 39, Supplement (May 2007): S142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000273505.83049.0e.

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Walter, BS, CTRS, Alysha A., and Marieke Van Puymbroeck, PhD, CTRS. "Using symbolic interactionism to improve recreational therapy practice for individuals with eating disorders." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2013.0043.

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This article provides a description of eating disorders (ED) as a social psychological phenomenon by focusing on how self-processes are formed through social interaction. This phenomenon, known as symbolic interactionism, allows practitioners to better understand the social underpinnings of the destructive thought patterns prevalent in ED. Individuals with ED are highly reactive in social situations, often misinterpreting responses toward them as highly judgmental. Internalizing others’ perceptions creates interpersonal problems. Identifying the self-processes that surround ED will provide recreational therapists the valuable tools needed to develop successful interventions to treat people with ED. Particular attention will be paid to how symbolic interactionism can help recreational therapists understand how individuals with an eating disorder react to social interactions. Finally, implications for recreation therapy research and practice are discussed.
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Wise, PhD, CTRS, James B. "Friendships between therapeutic recreation specialists/recreational therapists and service recipients." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 20, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2021.0232.

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Sylvester concluded a virtue-based conceptualization of therapeutic recreation/recreational therapy (TR/RT) by identifying moral habits deemed crucial to excelling as professionals. One of the virtues is forming friendships with people receiving TR/RT services. Though intriguing, Sylvester’s conclusion has not garnered much interest from TR/RT scholars so the purpose of this paper is to generate greater awareness of and engagement with the topic. The goal is achieved by connecting the topic to a theoretical framework utilized in the profession, reviewing a historical discourse on friendship, and supplementing that account with contemporary findings. This paper concludes by listing some potential benefits of and impediments to developing friendships, and briefly discussing how professionals can foster friendly, therapeutic environments when friendships are inappropriate or impossible to form.
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Wise, PhD, CTRS, James B. "Friendships between therapeutic recreation specialists/recreational therapists and service recipients." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 19, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2020.0210.

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Sylvester concluded a virtue-based conceptualization of therapeutic recreation/recreational therapy (TR/RT) by identifying moral habits deemed crucial to excelling as professionals. One of the virtues is forming friendships with people receiving TR/RT services. Though intriguing, Sylvester’s conclusion has not garnered much interest from TR/RT scholars so the purpose of this paper is to generate greater awareness of and engagement with the topic. The goal is achieved by connecting the topic to a theoretical framework utilized in the profession, reviewing a historical discourse on friendship, and supplementing that account with contemporary findings. This paper concludes by listing some potential benefits of and impediments to developing friendships, and briefly discussing how professionals can foster friendly, therapeutic environments when friendships are inappropriate or impossible to form.
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Rahel, Chaterine, Retno Adriyani, and Hernanda Arie Nurfitria. "Health Risk in Hot Springs: A Literature Review." Journal of Health Science and Prevention 5, no. 2 (September 23, 2021): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/jhsp.v5i2.524.

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Natural hot spring is one of the recreational water. The public used it for recreation, relaxation, and therapy. The water quality should meet standards, such as free from microorganisms to prevent the onset of health complaints. This paper aimed to identify the pathogenic microorganisms and recreational water illness in natural hot spring users from worldwide studies. Method: This systematic review analysis use PRISMA Protocol as a guide to provide this article and PEO Framework to specified the criteria. Various database used to find those article is NCBI, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. In total of 10 eligible articles to analyse from 2010 -2020. Discussion: The result showed that hot spring users experienced health complaints after using hot springs contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. The microorganisms identified were Naegleria spp, Naegleria fowleri, Legionella pneumophila, Vittaforma corneae, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex (MAC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium phocaicum. Recreation water illnesses identified were Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), Legionella pneumonia, Pseudomonas foliculitis, Pseudomonas mastitis, Microsporidial keratitis, Hot tub lung (HTL), and P. aeruginosa pneumonia. Besides the water quality, age, comorbid, and frequency of visiting hot springs were risk factors of recreational water illness. Conclusion: The onset of recreational water illness in users of hot springs was influenced by the quality of water microbiology and age.
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Vykhliaiev, Yurii, and Liudmyla Dudorova. "Recreational technologies, their role and place in the system of physical culture." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 1(145) (January 19, 2022): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.1(145).07.

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A role and place of recreational technologies are in process considered in the system of physical culture that requires alteration in connection with the change of terms of life (not mobility, total informatization, automation of way of life, psychological stresses) of population of Ukraine, Specialists of physical therapy, begin to lose the positions in providing of effective work of sport-health centers. In connection with the transition of speciality physical therapy is in medical industry, there is alteration of their educating. There are a natural outflow of teachers with athletic education and revision of disciplines of sport-pedagogical orientation. These disciplines are changed on clinical disciplines. In-process sport-health centers knowledge of features of influence of executable exercises are first of all needed on an organism, methodology of educating and realization of health- recreational employments. In-process medical establishments (clinics, hospitals) clinical disciplines are needed. Id est, the future specialists of physical therapy are oriented on treatment of patients in medical establishments, what bare the niche of providing the specialists of sport-health centers. This niche, in our view, the graduating students of specialization must in course of time occupy 017 fitness and recreation. For this purpose it is necessary to strengthen their competences, by knowledge, practical abilities and skills of actualization and increase of efficiency of the use of curative physical exercises. And only recreational facilities are a sun, curative air and swimming exercises in warm water can improve restoration process of recreation.
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Spennemann, Dirk H. R. "Turbans vs. Helmets: A Systematic Narrative Review of the Literature on Head Injuries and Impact Loci of Cranial Trauma in Several Recreational Outdoor Sports." Sports 9, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports9120172.

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When in public, faith-based mandates require practising Sikh men to wear a turban which may not be covered by hats or caps. This makes it impossible for practising Sikhs to wear helmets and other protective headwear, mandatory in many countries and facilities for engagement in recreational pursuits (e.g., skiing) and on adventure outdoor recreation camps mandatorily run for school groups. The result is often social exclusion and ostracisation in the case of school children. Despite studies into the efficacy of protective helmets in some recreational outdoor activity settings, virtually nothing is known about the protective potential of turbans. This paper systematically reviews the extant literature on head injuries in several recreational outdoor activities and sports sectors (aerial, water, winter, wheeled and animal-based sports) and finds that the extant literature is of limited value when trying to understand the spatial distribution of trauma on the cranial surface. As the data do not permit to make inferences on the protective potential of turbans, future systematic, evidence-based epidemiological studies derived from hospital admissions and forensic examinations are required. Failure to do so perpetuates social exclusion and discrimination of religious grounds without an evidentiary basis for defensible public health measures.
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40

Kemeny, PhD, CTRS, M. Elizabeth, Deborah Hutchins, EdD, FDRT, CTRS, Courtney Gramlich, CTRS, Shannon Russell, CTRS, and Rachel Kerr, CTRS. "Comparative effectiveness of an individualized goal-directed approach and nongoal-directed approach for social outcomes in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 16, no. 3 (November 17, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2017.0137.

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A paucity of research exists with regard to the comparative benefits of individualized goal-directed recreational therapy process and a naturalistic peer-mediated approach for social skill outcomes for youth with autism spectrum disorders. Delivered in four sessions with the same type of recreational modalities with peer mentors, one group (n = 7) received an individualized goal-directed recreational therapy program while the other (n = 7) received a social group program. Measures included parent report of social skills, self-report of self-efficacy for physical activity, and real-time observation of discrete social skills. Based on the outcomes, individualized goal-directed recreational therapy using peer mentors appears to be more effective in targeting social skills and self-efficacy for physical activity than a nonindividualized naturalistic program. Recreational therapy may impact outcomes through more intentional targeting of individual goals to aid social competence and self-efficacy for physical activity.
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41

Van Puymbroeck, PhD, CTRS, FDRT, Marieke, and David R. Austin, PhD, FDRT, FALS. "The recreational therapy faculty shortage: A crisis for the profession." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 14, no. 1 (February 12, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2015.0090.

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A national shortage of doctorally prepared faculty is threatening the health and longevity of the field of recreational therapy. As more faculty reach retirement age, there are few new doctorally trained recreational therapists available to fill this gap. In 2014 alone, more than 15 faculty positions were available, and there was only one new PhD on the market. When existing faculty move to fill these positions, gaps are created in university recreational therapy programs across the country. This article reviews how substantial and potentially damaging this shortage is and provides a number of suggestions for addressing the shortage. These suggestions include retaining senior faculty, increasing the number of doctorally prepared recreational therapists, and recruiting new faculty.
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Passmore, EdD, CTRS/L, Tim. "Community integration/reintegration: A recreational therapy intervention." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2012.0029.

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This manuscript addresses the issues surrounding the definitions of community integration and community reintegration. The interventions of community integration and reintegration are outlined and suggested strategies for successful application of both interventions are provided.
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43

Piatt, PhD, CTRS, Jennifer, Courtney J. W. Fecske, PhD, CTRS, Jared Allsop, PhD, CTRS, Junhyoung Kim, PhD, CTRS, and Tyler Neimeyer, MS, CTRS. "Recreational therapy during a pandemic: Embracing telehealth." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 20, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2021.0246.

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In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world froze. Simultaneously, there has been a vast growth of online conferences and the increased need for telehealth. The entire nation has struggled with feelings of uncertainty and fear mixed with moments of positivity. At the same time, older adults and people of any age who have underlying health conditions are faced with information from local, national, and international news and health organizations that their lives were at risk. Then, new terms emerged and became part of our daily vocabulary. Stay home. Social distancing. Shelter in place. Essential items. Curbside pick-up. Pandemic. It appears that these words will become part of our everyday vocabulary, forever etched in history books, engrained in our hearts, and the mindset of generations to come.
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Piatt, PhD, CTRS, Jennifer, Courtney J. W. Fecske, PhD, CTRS, Jared Allsop, PhD, CTRS, Junhyoung Kim, PhD, CTRS, and Tyler Neimeyer, MS, CTRS. "Recreational therapy during a pandemic: Embracing telehealth." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2020.0203.

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In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world froze. Simultaneously, there has been a vast growth of online conferences and the increased need for telehealth. The entire nation has struggled with feelings of uncertainty and fear mixed with moments of positivity. At the same time, older adults and people of any age who have underlying health conditions are faced with information from local, national, and international news and health organizations that their lives were at risk. Then, new terms emerged and became part of our daily vocabulary. Stay home. Social distancing. Shelter in place. Essential items. Curbside pick-up. Pandemic. It appears that these words will become part of our everyday vocabulary, forever etched in history books, engrained in our hearts, and the mindset of generations to come.
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45

Smith, MS, Rachel L., Marieke Van Puymbroeck, PhD, CTRS, and Georgia Frey, PhD. "Active participation and social integration service delivery model for youth with autism spectrum disorders." American Journal of Recreation Therapy 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2011): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajrt.2011.0016.

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Although the field of recreational therapy has a number of conceptual models of practice, there are few service delivery models. Service delivery models provide practitioners with the frameworks needed to contextualize focused intervention practices to achieve prescribed outcomes. The active participation and social integration (APASI) model provides a framework to recreational therapists for successfully integrating youth with autism spectrum disorders into the recreation mainstream. First, the background, need, and purpose of the APASI model are described, followed by the conceptual and theoretical foundations of the model. Next, the process of the model is detailed. Finally, benefits, limitations, and implications for research and practice are discussed.
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McKirgan, Craig C. "MIDFOOT PAIN - RECREATIONAL ATHLETE." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 27, Supplement (May 1995): S133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199505001-00748.

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Kapur, Eshwar, and Anand Kapur. "Knee Pain-Recreational Athlete." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 36, Supplement (May 2004): S185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200405001-00886.

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48

Simon, Lauren M. "Leg Pain - Recreational Walker." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 36, Supplement (May 2004): S244—S245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-200405001-01170.

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49

Roberts Lane, Kelly L. "Foot Pain - Recreational Skier." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 49, no. 5S (May 2017): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000517394.88817.74.

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50

Castillo, Brenda E., Isabel Rutzen, Irma Valentin-Salgado, and Liza Hernandez-Gonzalez. "Knee Injury – Recreational Runner." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 48 (May 2016): 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000485965.51015.8b.

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